September/October 2014 Biodiesel Magazine

INSIDE: LEGAL LIABILITIES FOR SELLING, SHIPPING OFF-SPEC FUEL September/October 2014

Technical Leadership Q&A: NBB’s Scott Fenwick Shares His Perspective on ASTM Specs, Fuel Quality, Progress and Challenges Page 20

Plus

RIN QAP 2.0: The Final Rule Page 26

AND

Army Corps Biodiesel Trial Yields Positive Performance, Emissions Results Page 32

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)XHOHG E\ RSSRUWXQLW\ You compete for every dollar, and you need every advantage. The National Biodiesel Conference & Expo in Fort Worth is your opportunity, a year’s worth of opportunity in just four days. It’s about keeping up with improving technology and navigating changing policy.

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The road to opportunity leads to Fort Worth.

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NATIONAL

BOARD

CONTENTS

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2014 VOLUME 11 ISSUE 5

20

26

Q&A

POLICY

A New Era of Technical Leadership

RIN QAP 2.0: The Final Rule

NBB’s Technical Director Scott Fenwick talks fuel quality, ASTM efforts and industry accomplishments

The U.S. EPA’s final RIN QAP rule streamlines the program, helping provide confidence in the marketplace

BY RON KOTRBA

BY RON KOTRBA

CONTRIBUTION 32 USE

US Army Corps of Engineers Powers Floating Plants with Biodiesel

32 Advertiser Index 8 2014 National Advanced Biofuels Conference & Expo 36 2015 International Biomass Conference & Expo 22 AMERIgreen Energy 35 Biodiesel Plant Map 5 Biodiesel Industry Directory 30 Crown Iron Works Company 31 EcoEngineers 24 GEA Westfalia Separator 18 HERO BX 13 ICM, Inc. 29 INTL FCStone Inc. 11 Iowa Central Fuel Testing Lab 23 Methes Energies 9 Mettler Toledo 2 & 24 NBB National Biodiesel Board 28 Oil-Dri corporation of America 19 The Pennsylvania State University 12 WB Services, LLC 25 Wilks Enterprise, Inc.

More than 3 million gallons of biodiesel were consumed in initial and expanded trials yielding positive results

BY BOB LEITCH AND TIM WELP

DEPARTMENTS 4 Editor’s Note Quality, Testing & Standards

BY RON KOTRBA 6 Legal Perspectives Legal Liabilities for Sale, Shipment of Off-Spec Biodiesel

BY JAMES L. PRAY 7 Talking Point Eurofins QTA to Introduce In-Line Analysis for Biodiesel Production

BY KANGMING MA 9 Biodiesel Events 10 FrontEnd Biodiesel News & Trends

14 Inside NBB 18 Business Briefs Companies, Organizations & People in the News

Biodiesel Magazine: (USPS No. 023-975) September/October 2014, Vol. 11, Issue 5.

Biodiesel Magazine is published bi-monthly by BBI International. Principal Office: 308 Second Ave. N., Suite 304, Grand Forks, ND 58203. Periodicals Postage Paid at Grand Forks, North Dakota and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Biodiesel Magazine/Subscriptions, 308 Second Ave. N., Suite 304, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203.

34 Marketplace

SEPTEMBER | OCTOBER 2014

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EDITOR'S NOTE

QUALITY, TESTING & STANDARDS Ron Kotrba

www.BiodieselMagazine.com

Editor Biodiesel Magazine rkotrba@bbiinternational.com

E D I T O R I A L Tom Bryan President & Editor in Chief tbryan@bbiinternational.com Tim Portz Vice President of Content & Executive Editor tportz@bbiinternational.com Ron Kotrba Editor rkotrba@bbiinternational.com Jan Tellmann Copy Editor jtellmann@bbiinternational.com

P U B L I S H I N G Mike Bryan Joe Bryan

&

S A L E S

Chairman mbryan@bbiinternational.com CEO jbryan@bbiinternational.com

Matthew Spoor

Vice President, Operations mspoor@bbiinternational.com

John Nelson

Marketing Director jnelson@bbiinternational.com

Howard Brockhouse

Business Development Director hbrockhouse@bbiinternational.com

Chip Shereck

Senior Account Manager cshereck@bbiinternational.com

Jessica Beaudry

Circulation Manager jbeaudry@bbiinternational.com

Marla DeFoe

Traffic & Marketing Coordinator mdefoe@bbiinternational.com

Jaci Satterlund Elizabeth Burslie

A R T Art Director jsatterlund@bbiinternational.com Graphic Designer bburslie@bbiinternational.com

Subscriptions Subscriptions to Biodiesel Magazine are free of charge to everyone with the exception of a shipping and handling charge of $49.95 for any country outside the United States. To subscribe, visit www.biodieselmagazine. com or you can send your mailing address and payment (checks made out to BBI International) to: Biodiesel Magazine Subscriptions, 308 Second Ave. N., Suite 304, Grand Forks, ND 58203. You can also fax a subscription form to 701-746-5367. Reprints and Back Issues Select back issues are available for $3.95 each, plus shipping. Article reprints are also available for a fee. For more information, contact us at 701-746-8385 or service@bbiinternational.com.

Advertising Biodiesel Magazine provides a specific topic delivered to a highly targeted audience. We are committed to editorial excellence and high-quality print production. To find out more about Biodiesel Magazine advertising opportunities, please contact us at 701-746-8385 or service@bbiinternational.com. Letters to the Editor We welcome letters to the editor. If you write us, please include your name, address and phone number. Letters may be edited for clarity and/or space.

Send to Biodiesel Magazine Letters, 308 Second Ave. N., Suite 304, Grand Forks, ND 58203 or email to rkotrba@bbiinternational.com.

early days of biodiesel helped shape the current ASTM specifications for biodiesel, which, in turn, helped vastly improve the quality of fuel in the marketplace. This, of course, instilled confidence in blenders and distributors, many of whom also rely on BQ-9000 and their own independent specs, to move more product with assurance and faith. But in the biodiesel industry, it’s not just the fuel product itself that has needed quality interventions.

As you know all too well, the RINs associated with biodiesel have had their own infamous quality disasters. This led to the formation of an NBB RIN integrity task force and eventually a complex, costly and burdensome set of proposed “voluntary” regulations that U.S. EPA set forth in early 2013. A year and a half later, EPA finalized the rule, which you can read about on page 26 in “QAP 2.0: The Final Rule.”

If it’s fuel quality you want more perspective on, however, then this issue of Biodiesel Magazine has that as well. I sat down with Scott Fenwick, the National Biodiesel Board’s technical director, to talk about quality improvements over the years, the latest on the ASTM front and much more in “A New Era of Technical Leadership,” on page 20. In addition to information about quality and standards, here you can read about a variety of related topics, from how Fenwick deals with the inquiry of how higher blends of biodiesel will affect warranties on diesel vehicles from manufacturers that only approve up to B5, to his thoughts on what a “drop-in” fuel is, to the industry's greatest challenges and accomplishments. But the coverage of fuel quality doesn’t end there.

Our Legal Perspectives columnist James L. Pray with BrownWinick gives us a compelling article on the legal ramifications of selling off-spec fuel, detailing what could happen and offering guidance on how to avoid off-spec fuel issues. Be sure to check out “Legal Liabilities for Sale, Shipment of Off-Spec Biodiesel” on page 6.

And if it’s testing that gets your blood pumping, we bring you Eurofins QTA President Kangming Ma’s Talking Point column on page 7, “Eurofins QTA to Introduce In-Line Analysis for Biodiesel Production.” Many of you use QTA and this is one more service from which you could undoubtedly find value.

I hope you enjoy this issue, and keep making quality fuel, biodieselers!

Please recycle this magazine and remove inserts or samples before recycling TM

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Welcome to the Quality, Testing & Standards issue of Biodiesel Magazine.

In the world of biodiesel, quality is one of those topics that is as important as they come. Quality concerns from the

SEPTEMBER | OCTOBER 2014

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LEGAL PERSPECTIVE

Legal Liabilities for Sale, Shipment of Off-Spec Biodiesel

BY JAMES L. PRAY

The consequences for producing and shipping biodiesel or other renewable fuel that fail to meet applicable specifications are grave. While many defective products can gener-

ate similar legal liabilities, defective fuel is probably unique in the far-reaching negative impacts that can ensue. There are several steps that producers can take in order to avoid issues related to off-spec fuel and, once a problem has been identified, there are important measures that must be followed to successfully resolve the problem.

First, biofuel has value as a commodity only as long as it meets an applicable specification. Once a fuel fails to qualify as a commodity fuel because of a manufacturing, transportation or storage error, then it is at risk of becoming a liability instead of a product. For off-spec fuel, the once-valuable fuel may be treated as a hazardous waste instead of just a hazardous commodity, with all of the consequences inherent in properly handling, transporting and disposing of hazardous waste.

Second, because it is a liquid, it can be mixed and blended with other fuels during the transportation, storage and distribution process. This means that 200,000 gallons of off-spec fuel may now be mixed with 1 million gallons of in-spec fuel, with the potential that there are now 1.2 million gallons of off-spec fuel. The claim has just increased six-fold in size.

Third, as with any defective product, if the defect is not caught prior to retail distribution, the off-spec fuel can generate consumer claims, class action lawsuits and complaints from transportation and storage vendors saddled with bad product in their tanks, rail cars and trailers. In addition to damage to engines, some jurisdictions and contracts may allow recovery of economic damages including demurrage charges and lost revenue because tank cars, trailers and storage tanks are effectively out of commission until the off-spec fuel is removed or blended to meet specification (if that’s even an option).

What can be done to avoid or mitigate off-spec fuel issues? First, check your paperwork. It is important that every producer know the specification stated in a purchase order. Also, make sure that your lab is testing against that particular specification. European or special-use fuels may have subtly different tolerances for certain chemicals. Also, try to make sure that

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invoices and orders agree on where the product will be tested for compliance, whether at the producer’s point of origin or the destination.

In my experience, it is important for manufacturers to leave some margin for error when testing fuel. While a particular brand of lab testing equipment may be consistent when tested against other lab equipment made by the same manufacturer, that fact is not always true when cross-testing the same product with lab equipment made by different manufacturers.

Carefully consider all process changes. In the manufacturing world, many vendors are intimately involved in the process that goes into making the products that they buy. That is not usually true in the arena of commodities. Products are called commodities because they meet an accepted industry specification. This means that it is up to the producer to fully understand how any change in production or source material may alter the final result.

Once a problem is identified, file a claim with all insurance companies potentially having coverage. Resist the temptation to hold back filing a claim. I have seen too many executives try to get a problem handled without getting the insurance company involved because they are worried about increased premiums. I can guarantee that if you do not alert your insurance companies quickly enough, they will argue there is no coverage because of the delay.

After the insurance company has been contacted, it is the producer’s job to cooperate with the claims agent and any attorneys retained to defend the claim. Because of the valuable nature of fuel oil, the potential losses can be staggering. It’s important to contact all umbrella and excess carriers in case the claims exceed the limits of the main liability policy.

It’s not uncommon for insurance companies to deny coverage, even when it appears that the policy provides coverage. In some jurisdictions, there is almost no disincentive for insurance companies to deny coverage and to force their customers to get a ruling from the courts in order to enforce insurance policies. In that case, be prepared to handle the claim as quickly and economically as possible. Be sure to document the basis for each decision.

Author: James L. Pray Attorney, BrownWinick Law Firm 515-242-2404 pray@brownwinick.com

TALKING POINT

Eurofins QTA to Introduce In-Line Analysis for Biodiesel Production

BY KANGMING MA

explore the benefits of in-line analysis capability.

As an infrared solutions provider, Eurofins QTA is ready to offer the in-line solution for biodiesel production. all the resources to implement a reliable quality According to users’ manufacturing processes control system. In most of these practices, samples and test requests, Eurofins QTA will work with are taken to the quality control lab from the test potential users to define the best solution of the points of the production line. Important chemisampling method and the system configuration. For cal or physical parameters have to be analyzed by a normal in-line NIR application, there are three skilled chemists or technicians, including samples major components including an NIR spectromfrom transesterification, methanol, glycerin and eter located in a well-protected room or enclosure, B100. The analytical results are used to monitor the required fiber optic cables connecting the NIR process and reaction and, if necessary, fine-tunings spectrometer and the production line, and a flowor corrections are made. Oftentimes, these samples through cell or a fiber optic probe to collect NIR are at elevated temperature and need to be handled spectra from different test points. If it is necessary, cautiously. Commonly there is a delay before analy- a multiplexer coupling with fiber optic cables can be sis results are available for the operator to make used to extend the application of one NIR system the processing decisions (e.g., adjusting the amount up to 16 test points or reactors (e.g., biodiesel proof catalyst, changing temperature, pressure, flow cessing line, methanol recycle tank, glycerin purificarate, etc.), or the end-point determination of the tion tank, etc.). transesterification reaction. Biodiesel producers are Due to the complicated sample matrix of the looking for a more effective analytical technology raw materials used in biodiesel production, the NIR with constant monitoring directly at the critical test algorithms used are usually more difficult to build points (i.e., in-line analysis). and maintain than the standard chemical processes.

Fourier Transform Near-Infrared (FT-NIR) Similar to the off-line NIR service, Eurofins QTA spectroscopy is a rapid and nondestructive techprovides the total solution for the in-line users. The nique often used for in-process analysis of multiple users do not have to worry about all the compliphysical and chemical characteristics in the manucated issues. A feasibility study will be performed facturing environment. Real-time measurements can to make sure it works before the user spends be implemented with no sample preparation and the their money on the instrument and other required analytical data can be obtained, stored and utilized devices. After the confirmation of the feasibility, quickly. However, even though the technology has QTA patented technology will be used to develop been available for years, producers are still cauthe most rugged in-line algorithms. A simplified tious of having in-line analysis capability due to the user interface allows the plant operator to do the complexity of using it. Compared to the bench-top in-line analysis easily. Remote instrument monitorat-line FT-NIR or FTIR analysis, in-line analysis is ing assures good performance of the spectrometer. a significantly complex system to implement and 24/7 helpdesk service and remote problem solving maintain and needs heavy upfront investment com- capability minimize system downtime. A centralmitment. Factors of the sample temperature, flow ized database allows the users and the managers to rate, turbulence, color, contamination, homogeneity, access their analyzed data anytime and anywhere via etc., impact the spectral quality and therefore the an- the Internet. Remote method development also alalyzed results. In order to implement in-line analysis lows the user to expand or change their applications successfully, an experienced in-process spectroscowithout limit. With all the advantages, Eurofins pist is usually required to design the sampling sysQTA in-line service will become a powerful analytitem, build the application algorithms, maintain the cal tool for biodiesel production. hardware and algorithms, trouble-shoot and resolve all the possible application issues.

Author: Kangming Ma Historically, in-line analysis has been introduced President, Eurofins QTA Inc. 513-693-4028 to the chemical industry for monitoring key paramkangmingma@eurofinsus.com eters in the chemical reaction at well-established chemical processes. With the establishment of the biodiesel industry, producers are reaching out to

Biodiesel quality is important to maintain the integrity of the RFS2 program. Therefore, biodiesel producers have taken

SEPTEMBER | OCTOBER 2014

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EVENTS CALENDAR

National Advanced Biofuels Conference & Expo OCTOBER 13-14, 2014 Hyatt Minneapolis Minneapolis, Minnesota Produced by BBI International, this national event will feature the world of advanced biofuels and biobased chemicalsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;technology scale-up, project finance, policy, national markets and moreâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;with a core focus on the industrial, petroleum and agribusiness alliances defining the national advanced biofuels industry. With a vertically integrated program and audience, the National Advanced Biofuels Conference & Expo is tailored for industry professionals engaged in producing, developing and deploying advanced biofuels, biobased platform chemicals, polymers and other renewable molecules that have the potential to meet or exceed the performance of petroleum-derived products.

866-746-8385 | www.advancedbiofuelsconference.com

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National Biodiesel Conference & Expo JANUARY 19-22, 2015 Fort Worth Convention Center Fort Worth, Texas The National Biodiesel Conference & Expo has grown from a small gathering to a powerful platform that drives biodiesel business all year long. The event provides educational tracks for all biodiesel stakeholdersâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;state, national, and international feedstock and feedstock processor organizations, biodiesel suppliers, fuel marketers and distributors, and technology providersâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;as well as networking opportunities, industry updates, and access to government leaders.

800-841--5849 | www.biodieselconference.org

International Biomass Conference & Expo APRIL 20-22, 2015 Minneapolis Convention Center Minneapolis, Minnesota Organized by BBI International and produced by Biomass Magazine, this event brings current and future producers of bioenergy and biobased products together with waste generators, energy crop growers, municipal leaders, utility executives, technology providers, equipment manufacturers, project developers, investors and policy makers. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a true one-stop shopâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s premier educational and networking junction for all biomass industries.

866-746-8385 | www.biomassconference.com

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International Fuel Ethanol Workshop & Expo JUNE 1-4, 2015 Minneapolis Convention Center Minneapolis, Minnesota The FEW provides the global ethanol industry with cutting-edge content and unparalleled networking opportunities in a dynamic business-to-business environment. The FEW is the largest, longest running ethanol conference in the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and the only event powered by Ethanol Producer Magazine.

866-746-8385 | www.fuelethanolworkshop.com

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FrontEnd

Biodiesel News & Trends

EcoComplex tour highlights benefits of applied industrial ecology Nestled in the sparsely populated mountains of Western North Carolina is a cutting-edge research facility practicing applied industrial ecology. The Catawba County EcoComplex, co-located with the 800-acre Blackburn Landfill, underscores the importance of colocation and resource utilization to produce renewable energy with minimal carbon intensity. A tour spot for the 2014 Collective Biodiesel Conference co-hosted by Piedmont Biofuels and Central Carolina Community College in Pittsboro, N.C., the Catawba County EcoComplex, two-and-a-half hours west of the conference location, features 3 megawatts of electricity production from landfill gas, oilseed growth on 150 acres of buffer land, a 4-ton-per-day mechanical crush plant and a 130,000-gallon-per-year biodiesel production center, both of which are fed electricity and process heat and steam from the landfill. The EcoComplex also has a dynamometer to measure biodiesel emissions, taking the energy cycle full circle.

Jeremy Ferrell, an associate professor at Appalachian State University, is operations manager at the Catawba County EcoComplex and is one of the brains behind its development. Leading the tour of the facility, Ferrell said the Blackburn Landfill was Jenbacherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s first test site for landfill gas to energy in 1999. The site, tied to the power grid, pulls in $300,000 to $400,000 a year in electricity sales. Ferrell said the project was born from waste reduction laws passed by the state legislature. Today, the landfill has 2.7 million tons in place and has a useful life of 70 years. Catawba County built the EcoComplex without tax dollars. Instead, the county borrowed money from the landfillâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s postclosure fund accumulated from a small fraction of the tipping fees.

The Blackburn Landfill uses 1,500 to 1,700 gallons of diesel fuel a week in its operations, and the biodiesel produced on-site is blended at 20 percent to fuel the landfill and county government vehicles.

Ferrell said the triple helix model, where government, universities and private businesses coalesce to share costs and resources, is an optimal framework within which to develop projects such as the EcoComplex. The site is adjacent to two private firms, a pallet company and a lumber mill, to facilitate future growth in partnership with Appalachian State University and Catawba County. Gasification and multifeed anaerobic digester projects at the EcoComplex are in the planning phases, and wood waste from the adjacent businesses is poised to provide feedstock for the future projects.

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LANDFILL ENERGY: Three GE-Jenbacher turbines convert landfill gas to 3 megawatts of electricity at the Catawba County EcoComplex in North Carolina.

Waste heat is pumped to the on-site biodiesel plant for process heat and steam.

PHOTO: RON KOTRBA, BIODIESEL MAGAZINE

TOUR GUIDE: Jeremy Ferrell, an associate professor at Appalachian State University, is operations manager at the Catawba County EcoComplex. Behind him is a 1,000-gallon biodiesel reactor.

PHOTO: RON KOTRBA, BIODIESEL MAGAZINE

SEPTEMBER | OCTOBER 2014

FRONTEND When industrial ecology practices are applied to methyl ester production, soy biodiesel can have a lower carbon intensity than that produced from waste vegetable oil in a traditional manner, Ferrell said.

MECHANICAL EXTRACTION: The crush facility features four 1-ton-per-day seed presses, where oilseeds grown on 150 acres of landfill buffer land are processed.

PHOTO: RON KOTRBA, BIODIESEL MAGAZINE

FULL CIRCLE: The EcoComplex features a dynamometer for emissions testing of vehicles running on biodiesel produced next door.

PHOTO: RON KOTRBA, BIODIESEL MAGAZINE

When industrial ecology practices are applied to methyl ester production, soy biodiesel can have a lower carbon intensity than that produced from waste vegetable oil in a traditional manner, Ferrell said.

Despite the environmental benefits realized from the EcoComplex, Ferrell said the small scale of the crush and biodiesel operations makes profitability a challenge.

“The economics were marginal when the RIN was high and the dollar [tax credit] was in,” he said during the tour. “Now we’re losing money to crush seed.” He added that at this scale, the EcoComplex would need $1.20 per gallon in subsidies just to break even.

The financial challenges of small-scale biodiesel economics, along with the social and environmental benefits of community-scale production, were just a few of the many topics discussed at this year’s Collective Biodiesel Conference held Aug. 14-17. The tour of the Catawba County EcoComplex preceded two days of dialogue, presentations and activities.

Biodiesel-powered transportation from Pittsboro to the Catawba County EcoComplex and back was provided by Durham-based Greenway Transit.

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FRONTEND

Oilman discusses biodiesel issues, distribution at CBC event Third-generation oilman Brian Potter spoke at the 2014 Collective Biodiesel Conference in Pittsboro, N.C., about how Potter Oil & Tire Co. Inc., a 60-plus-year-old North Carolina-based fuel wholesaler and biodiesel distributor servicing the Mid-Atlantic region, selects its biodiesel suppliers, and his company’s views on the biodiesel industry.

Potter said his company got its start in biodiesel back in 2002, offering B2, B5 and eventually B20 to North Carolina through state contracts. He said the distribution business has two sides, retail and commercial. Potter said for the most part the retail side doesn’t want to deal with RINs and they want product that’s already blended. The commercial distribution side, of which Potter Oil is a part, is a “penny business,” said Potter, where gross profit margins are less than 1 percent, requiring commercial distributors to be “lean and mean.”

Potter said his company purchases fuel from up to 10 plants, and when selecting a biodiesel supplier, BQ-9000 certification tops his list. He said not only should a Certificate of Analysis be present with every shipment of biodiesel, but it should also have a recent date. “If the date on the C of A is six months old, then something’s not right,” he said. For cold soak, Potter said his company likes to see 100 seconds year-round.

Selling biodiesel isn’t just about fuel transactions, Potter said.

“It’s not about selling a load of biodiesel,” he said, “but it’s about trying to build a relationship. Sometimes we lose money on biodiesel just to keep the customer.”

Plants that Potter Oil buys biodiesel from must have adequate finished product storage, he said, in order to be able to quickly move in and out, and plant location is important. A biodiesel plant’s ability to transition between high and low cloud point feedstock and fuel with the season is also critical to his company’s desire to do business with them.

Selling biodiesel isn’t just about fuel transactions, Potter said.

Pricing structure must be competitive with diesel fuel, Potter noted, adding that it’s vital for Potter Oil to be able to buy product at a locked-in price for three months forward. This allows him to forward sell the RINs, too.

Potter listed specific issues he has encountered with large and small biodiesel plants. Delays in shipping, railcar demurrage, having payment due prior to delivery, and product quality are just a few of the sticking points Potter Oil has had to overcome in dealing with large-volume plants. For small-volume biodiesel plants, Potter said the issues that can affect his business include the volatile productivity, wherein the plant is producing and not producing at inconvenient or inconsistent intervals. Waiting for feedstock is another problem he has seen with small plants. Finally, he said small plants often don’t actually produce the product until it’s sold. “We can’t operate like that,” Potter said. “We have to roll, roll, roll.”

While Potter Oil sells all kinds of biodiesel blends, a majority of what it sells is B20. The company’s biodiesel sales are split 50/50 between state/municipality contracts and the private sector.

Potter Oil splash blends all its biodiesel.

Potter’s opinion on the future of the biodiesel industry is that “the big guys” are going to be moving more toward renewable diesel production, and “local production, long-term, is where this industry will stay.”

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FRONTEND

Biodiesel labeling rule clarified to Oregon retailers The Oregon Department of Agriculture has sent notices to approximately 417 retail fuel establishments throughout the state reminding them that diesel fuel blended with 6 to 20 percent biodiesel may not to be marketed as “diesel,” by law. The notice is in response to consumer complaints received by ODA’s Motor Fuel Quality Program.

“We have investigated a number of consumer complaints alleging that certain retail fuel establishments are advertising diesel on their street signs at a significant discount relative to the competition,” says Steve Harrington, ODA’s Weights and Measures program manager. “When the consumer pulls in to fill up, they find out they are getting B20 and not the normal B5 diesel. B20 does not meet the legal specification for diesel and may not be marketed as such.”

During the 2013 Oregon legislative session, HB 2435 was passed, which exempts diesel fuel blended with a minimum of 20 percent biodiesel (B20), derived from used cooking oil, from the state highway excise tax on fuel, which is 30 cents per gallon.

In response, ODA has sent out a notice addressed to all gas stations having licensed dispensers, both retail and card lock, advising them of the legal requirements for advertising B20. Essentially, B20 is required to be clearly advertised both on the street signs and dispensers so that the consumer may make an informed buying decision. If the prominent markings on

the dispenser indicate that the product is diesel, then the product must meet the diesel specification or it will be ordered off sale by ODA until the product labeling is corrected.

Kansas ethanol plant to co-locate renewable diesel facility on-site East Kansas Agri-Energy LLC plans to integrate renewable diesel production at its ethanol plant in Garnett, Kan., using distillers corn oil from the ethanol process and other feedstocks, the company announced in late July. WB Services is the integration and renewable diesel technology provider for the project.

Construction on the 3 MMgy co-located renewable diesel plant is slated to begin soon and is expected to be completed in 12 to 14 months.

“This is about maximizing revenue, leveraging activities that we already do every day, and enhancing the value of products we already produce now,” says EKAE President and CEO Jeff Oestmann. “Adding renewable diesel capability aligns perfectly with our business strategy of diversifying our energy portfolio and creating additional enterprises that are sustainable on their own.”

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NATIONAL

BOARD

Fight Continues Through Frustrating RFS Uncertainty If someone told me in January that we wouldn’t see the final 2014 RFS volumes before the fall, I would have offered them a friendly wager otherwise.

I would have lost. Here we are, nearly two-thirds through the year with the leaves beginning to turn, without a final rule establishing the volume of biodiesel that must be blended into the nation’s fuel supply.

With each passing week, our frustraAnne Steckel, Vice tion grows. In talking with the biodiesel President of Federal Affairs, National Biodiesel community throughout the year, I know Board the real-world, often painful impact this botched rulemaking has had. Well-paying jobs have been eliminated. Entrepreneurs have lost their businesses.

And we’ve lost ground on our national goals for a cleaner transportation sector and a healthier economy free from a dependence on global petroleum markets.

None of this should have happened, and I want to assure you that we are fighting as hard as we possibly can on your behalf, every day, for a positive outcome as we move forward.

The good news is that we believe we have made progress.

Thanks to the grassroots advocacy campaign that you helped build, we have made an incredibly strong case to the EPA and the White House that turning away from America’s most successful advanced biofuel is not in the nation’s interests.

From the start, the biodiesel community has been vocal and aggressive. We submitted at least 6,300 comments after the initial rule was proposed in November. We have held countless meetings with administration officials and organized a strong series of letter-writing campaigns, including one in which 120 biodiesel-related companies from across the country called on President Obama to improve the proposal. We engaged influential third-parties to weigh in with letters on our behalf, including state legislators from around the country and local elected officials such as Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel, the former White House chief of staff.

We engineered an aggressive media campaign that saw dozens of op-eds, letters and news stories highlighting the damaging effects of the proposed rule, including many stories from a press conference held by a group of leading senators on Capitol Hill. In fact, we’ve

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generated more congressional support than we’ve ever had, with nearly 100 lawmakers from across the country calling for a higher biodiesel volume over the past year.

Our efforts culminated recently when senior White House adviser John Podesta met with 10 senators from President Obama’s own party about the biodiesel rule. The senators sharply criticized the administration’s handling of the proposal and urged the administration to change course. By all accounts, the meeting was productive, and Podesta left the senators with the impression that the biodiesel volume should and will go up. That is consistent with signals sent publicly by several senior EPA leaders.

However, we have no assurances that the final rule will include a meaningful increase in volume or, if so, to what extent the volume might rise. We believe there is no reason to retreat from the success that our industry has had in producing a record of more than 1.7 billion gallons last year, and we are continuing to call for that volume in the final rule.

We also continue to urge Congress to reinstate the biodiesel tax incentive that expired this year, and while Congress is highly unpredictable, we are cautiously optimistic that lawmakers will take up tax extensions late in the year, starting with a package passed by the Senate Finance Committee in April that includes the biodiesel incentive.

I want to thank all of you who have participated in our grassroots advocacy, and urge anyone who hasn’t participated to get involved.

We are a small industry, and the only way we can make an impression with Congress and the White House is with a strong, unified voice.

If you have questions about how to get more involved, please don’t hesitate to call our Washington office at 202-737-8801. We’re always looking for new voices to help us tell the biodiesel story and are here to help connect you with your representatives in Washington.

While I won’t be taking any bets on timing, we do hope and expect that as this issue of Biodiesel Magazine hits newsstands, the EPA’s rulemaking process will be drawing to a close. We will have plenty to discuss once it does … and then 2015 is just around the corner.

Anne Steckel, Vice President of Federal Affairs, National Biodiesel Board

inside

NBB Members encouraged to run, vote in upcoming board election Members of the National Biodiesel Board have numerous ways of guiding their organization throughout the year. One of the biggest opportunities comes every fall during the November membership meeting with the governing board elections.

The 15 board members serve two-year terms that are staggered so each year there are either seven or eight terms expiring. This year in St. Louis, members will vote to fill seven seats.

“Being active and engaged in your industry’s membership organization was a simple decision for me,” said Steven J. Levy, current NBB chairman. “The NBB brings together all segments of the biodiesel industry, collaborates, and then executes a clear path forward. There are many opportunities throughout the year for members’ input on the direction of the organization, but there is no greater level of engagement than serving on the governing board.”

The election committee appointed by Chairman Levy is currently seeking nominations from the membership to fill the seats and the full membership will vote in November.

“These leadership positions are critical to our industry and manageable in your current job,” said Levy. “The industry has faced tremendous challenges this year but is still in a position for long-term growth. Our collective efforts as a strong, unified industry have allowed us to survive the ups and downs of being a new fuel in the marketplace and our continued collaboration is necessary to continue to grow.”

The current board is comprised of a diverse cross section of the industry and includes members from large and small producers, marketers, renderers and soybean farmer leaders. Members are strongly encouraged to attend and vote for the candidates who will best serve the needs of the industry.

While in St. Louis, NBB members will also discuss current industry issues, hold committee meetings, and review and update the organization’s Resolutions and Position Handbook. For additional details about governing board positions or the upcoming membership meeting please contact Donnell Rehagen (drehagen@biodiesel.org) in the NBB office.

Biofuels tour educates through immersion The National Biodiesel Foundation hosted an immersive, fourday tour through Iowa for federal and state agency officials and U.S. congressional staffers. This year’s “Biofuels: Science & Sustainability Tour” brought representatives from eight states to Iowa to see first-hand biodiesel, ethanol and modern production agriculture.

“Coming from Iowa, the benefits of biodiesel have always been clear to me,” said Evan Jurkovich, senior legislative assistant to Congressman Dave Loebsack. “The biofuels tour only added emphasis to that and showed just how valuable the biodiesel industry is to our growing bioeconomy. What I thought was the most important part was seeing firsthand the high-skilled jobs this brings to our rural economies. It was great to see that the biodiesel and bioeconomy industries are here and very real right now and are only going to continue to grow, especially if a strong RFS is maintained.”

The group included staff members from Senate and House of Representative offices from both sides of the aisle representing Iowa, Georgia, North Carolina, Colorado, Oregon, Minnesota, South Dakota and New Hampshire, along with a number of agencies.

“Spending four days with hard hats walking through production facilities, or waist deep in a soybean field talking about the sustainability of agriculture on a multigenerational farm is an extremely effective way to tell our industry’s story,” said Tom Verry,

NBF executive director. “The biodiesel foundation continues to sponsor and help host this tour for a reason. We see it as one of the best ways to educate and build champions in Washington, D.C.” Attendees visited biodiesel producer Western Dubuque Biodiesel in Farley, Iowa, and heard presentations on production, policy, sustainability, economics and feedstock production from NBB staff. They also spent an afternoon at the farm of Ed Ulch, NBB board member and a past national winner of the American Soybean Association’s Conservation Legacy Award.

Other sponsors included the Iowa Renewable Fuels Association, the Iowa Biodiesel Board, the Iowa Soybean Association, Iowa State University and other biofuels groups.

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insideNBB

NBB wins bid for USDA grant funding Federal funding is an important component of the biodiesel industry’s resource pool, expanding opportunities for enhanced outreach, education and research.

Among the most significant pathways to access federal funding is through the Biodiesel Fuel Education Program. Federal program targets include: • Enhancing current efforts to collect and disseminate biodiesel information.

• Coordinating with other biodiesel educational or promotional programs.

• Creating a nationwide networking system to deliver biodiesel information to targeted audiences.

• Identifying and documenting the benefits of biodiesel.

• Addressing information gaps regarding biodiesel education.

This is the third time the program has been open to applicants, and the third time NBB received a significant portion of the grant.

If funds remain available, the grant will continue through 2018.

The funding is made available through the Agricultural Act of 2014 (Farm Bill) and managed by the USDA’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture.

“Awareness and consumption of biodiesel has grown over the past decade, but due to its higher costs, consumption is still lower than traditional diesel fuel,” said Sonny Ramaswamy, NIFA director.

“There are many positive environmental, social and human health benefits that consumers can weigh when purchasing diesel fuel. This grant program will help consumers make informed decisions that will help our nation reduce our dependence on foreign oil.”

As directed by the grant, funding will focus on educational programs that will support advances in infrastructure, technology transfer, fuel quality, fuel safety and increasing feedstock production.

Biodiesel educator honored with Presidential Award Congratulations are in order for an innovative educator who for years has used biodiesel as a key example in his curriculum to get students excited about science. While the biodiesel industry has recognized Darrin Peters of Rockwood Summit High School in Fenton, Mo., before, this time the recognition came from the president’s desk.

This fall Peters was recognized for his innovative biodiesel curriculum in his organic chemistry class, and for his efforts outside the classroom to organize an after-school biodiesel club to engage students through real-world, hands-on experience. Peters was honored with a Presidential Innovation Award for Environmental Educators in a ceremony at the White House along with 16 other teachers from across the country. The award was presented by the White House Council on Environmental Quality and the U.S. EPA. “These awards recognize the outstanding contributions of student leaders and exceptional teachers on some of the most pressing issues facing our nation, including combating climate change and instituting sustainability practices,” said EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy. “Environmental education encourages academic achievement, especially in the sciences, and develops the next generation of leaders in environmental stewardship.”

The National Biodiesel Board is very familiar with Peters’ efforts. Rockwood Summit High School sits roughly 100 miles from NBB’s Jefferson City office, and NBB has closely followed the pro-

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gram and coordinated with them along the way. When NBB staff heard about the call for candidates, Peters was the first to come to mind.

“Darrin has done tremendous work for the biodiesel industry and for his students over the years,” said Don Scott, NBB director of sustainability. “We strongly encouraged him to apply for the award because it was such a great fit. We are so happy to see a biodiesel champion honored with such a prestigious award.”

The curriculum shows students how to use science to find solutions to solve local economic and global environmental issues and exposes them to potential career opportunities in their community. The students also learn about agricultural systems and how natural oils like soybean oil and recycled cooking oil can be used to produce renewable fuel from locally available feedstocks.

insideNBB

National Biodiesel Conference a certainty in shifting markets One of the most predictable dynamics of the growing biodiesel industry has been unpredictability, a constant evolution of the market and its ever-transforming challenges. Managing through the ups and downs of business cycles and market changes is a part of every business. But many would argue the biodiesel industry has had more than its fair share. One thing that is certain, however, is that the National Biodiesel Conference & Expo is the place to be Jan. 19-22.

“I can’t tell you today with certainty exactly what our industry’s landscape will look like when we gather in Fort Worth in January, but what I do know is that this conference will be at the center of it all,” said Joe Jobe, CEO of the National Biodiesel Board. “It is the place to come hear directly from those at the top of our field where we are and where we might be going.”

The conference is specifically designed to gather biodiesel decision makers from throughout the U.S. and the world in one place for education, and to jumpstart the year’s business.

“Every year I am impressed, not just by the quality content our team assembles but also by the business I see everywhere,” said Jobe. “You can’t walk down a hall without seeing groups huddled together over deals that are surely defining the year ahead. It is the old-school town hall where all the serious actors come together to

see and hear what the future will hold and to help shape it.”

Many uncertainties remain for the industry but the biodiesel conference is one constant. Year after year attendees, exhibitors and sponsors say that the investment of their time and money to participate return enormous value to their organizations. In fact, they say that it is the type of investment that they couldn’t afford not to make.

“There is no question this is the biodiesel event of the year,” Jobe added, “only a question of whether you will be there to seize the opportunities that it offers.”

For more conference information visit www.biodieselconference.com.

NBB: your membership organization The National Biodiesel Board is the national trade association representing America’s first advanced biofuel. NBB works to create sustainable biodiesel industry growth through governmental affairs, education, communication, technical, and quality assurance programs. Serving as the coordinating body for research and development in the U.S., the organization is comprised of state, national and international feedstock and feedstock processor organizations, biodiesel producers, fuel marketers and distributors, and technology providers.

NBB membership has grown significantly over the years from its start with seven members in 1992 to more than 200 member companies today. These companies vary from Fortune 100 companies to small, family-owned businesses. This diverse membership base has provided a strong foundation for growth with member companies representing nearly all 50 states.

No matter your involvement with the industry, NBB has a lot to offer. To find out how to become a member, visit http://nbb. org/join-us.

NBB Mission Statement: Representing America’s first advanced biofuel, the NBB will advance the interests of its members by creating sustainable biodiesel industry growth. NBB serves as the U.S. biodiesel industry’s central coordinating entity and will be the single voice for its diverse membership base. Industry success will be achieved through governmental affairs, communications, market development, technical, and quality assurance programs. We are dedicated to inclusiveness and integrity.

For membership Information, please contact: Doug Whitehead Director of Operations and Membership 800-841-5849 dwhitehead@biodiesel.org

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BusinessBriefs Argentina-based Abatec SA has introduced its BD4-MG system to produce methanol from raw glycerol. The Savoia BD4-MG system can treat 1,000 liters (250 gallons) per day of glycerol to produce around 35 percent dry methanol, 25 percent free fatty acids and balance of glycols. The only inputs are water and power, according to Abatec. The methanol and free fatty acids can be added to the alcoholysis reaction to reduce the cost of biodiesel production. The company also offers the BD2-G reactor to convert 100 percent glycerol in cattle feed.

Flint Hills Resources has hired Russell Leighton and Jeremy Morse to lead the Duonix LLC biodiesel plant in Beatrice, Neb. The biodiesel plant is Leighton part of a joint venture between Flint Hills Resources and Benefuel Inc. In May, Flint Hills Resources announced it would begin retrofitting the plant in prepa-

Companies, Organizations & People in the News

ration for the first commercial-scale use of an innovative biodiesel technology from Benefuel, called Ensel. Leighton and Morse will serve as plant manager and production manager, reMorse spectively. Leighton has more than 25 years of experience in the oil, gas and chemical industries and will be responsible for overall management and administration of the facility. Prior to joining Flint Hills Resources, Leighton oversaw quality management systems in the U.S. and abroad as director of operations for Tetra Technologies. Morse will serve as production manager, focusing on the startup and commissioning of the new plant.

Most recently, Morse was plant superintendent of AGP in Algona, Iowa, where he was responsible for maintaining plant operations and product quality.

Neste Oil Corp. and Renewable Algae Energy, a U.S.-based algae biomass pro-

ducer, have signed a contingent commercial algae oil offtake agreement. Algae oil is one of the alternatives being researched by Neste Oil for use as a feedstock for producing NEXBTL renewable diesel in the future. Cooperation with RAE is intended to secure Neste Oilâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s access to a cost-effective supply of industrial volumes of algae oil in the future. Implementation of the agreement will require RAE to increase its algae oil production capacity and to comply with the requirements of biofuel legislation with strict sustainability criteria in the U.S. and the EU throughout the production chain. RAE anticipates that it will be able to produce commercial-scale volumes of algae oil from 2016 onwards.

SG Preston plans to build a 120 MMgy renewable diesel facility in Lawrence County, Ohio. The SGP South Point facility, expected to be complete in 2017, will cost $400 million and create 100 permanent jobs, the company stated. Pre-engineering studies are slated to begin next month. Partners in the project include the Lawrence County Economic Develop-

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BUSINESSBRIEFS Sponsored by ment Council, which is investing 62 acres in land and other incentives. The Appalachian Partnership for Economic Growth and Jobs-Ohio were also instrumental in securing the investment and technology.

Hanks

The biodiesel industry suffered a major loss this summer when Dallas Hanks, 51, died of cancer. A native of Burley, Idaho, Hanks earned master’s and doctoral degrees from Utah State University, and pioneered the idea of growing biofuel feedstock on nontraditional lands. Hanks was a big supporter of and contributor to the National Biodiesel Board’s Next Generation Scientists for Biodiesel

Program, where student scientists could be offered scholarships to attend industry events and other scientific mentoring activities. To honor Hanks’ contributions to biodiesel research, the National Biodiesel Foundation has established the Next Generation Scientists Dallas Hanks Memorial Fund, the proceeds of which will be used to advance the original objectives of the program and assist in carrying out the visionary work started by Hanks.

Two defendants in two separate biodiesel RIN fraud cases pleaded guilty in federal court recently. Nathan Stoliar, 64, of Australia, pleaded guilty in federal court in Tracy Las Vegas on July 22 to five felonies for his role in multiple schemes, worth in excess of $41 million, to generate fraudulent biodiesel credits and to export biodiesel without providing biodiesel credits to the U.S. as required by law, according to the Justice

Department. Stoliar is required by the plea to forfeit $4 million and pay $1 million in restitution. He faces a maximum sentence of 20 years in prison and a $500,000 fine for each count of conspiracy to engage in money laundering and wire fraud, five years in prison and a $250,000 fine for conspiracy, and two years in prison and a $250,000 fine for making false statements under the Clean Air Act. Cima Green’s former chief operating officer Katirina Tracy (aka Katirina Pattison), indicted last fall in the e-Biofuels scandal, entered a plea agreement admitting guilt to conspiring with others to commit fraud against the government. She faces up to five years in prison and fines up to $250,000.

SHARE YOUR BUSINESS BRIEFS To be included in Business Briefs, send information (including photos, illustrations or logos, if available) to: Business Briefs, Biodiesel Magazine, 308 Second Ave. N., Suite 304, Grand Forks, ND 58203. You may also fax information to (701) 746-5367, or e-mail it to rkotrba@ bbiinternational.com. Please include your name and telephone number in each correspondence.

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Q&A

A New Era of Technical Leadership Scott Fenwick, technical director for the National Biodiesel Board, discusses biodiesel fuel quality, ASTM developments and technical progress

BY RON KOTRBA

The best way to understand an issue is to see it from all sides, to know what adversaries want in a resolution. The relationship between the petroleum and biodiesel industries is a complicated one—competition and partnerships, opposition and patronage, all rolled into one complex dynamic. Therefore, who better to serve as the biodiesel industry’s technical point-person than someone who began their career in the oil business followed by 25 years’ worth of laboratory experience?

Scott Fenwick became the National Biodiesel Board’s technical director last year, taking over for Steve Howell, who left big shoes to fill.

While Howell is still with the organization in a senior technical advisory role, Fenwick has assumed the day-to-day responsibilities Howell managed so well for so long.

Fenwick grew up in central Illinois and went to school at Purdue University studying chemical engineering and chemistry. Shortly after graduating, he moved to New Orleans, closer to his extended family, in order to get a start in the oilfield business. After working part time for some barge operations and oil-site remediation, Fenwick began working for several global, independent lab service companies. This was more than 25 years ago. After a few years, he moved to Houston to help manage a larger laboratory. While working in Houston for several years, and on a trip back to New Orleans, he met his wife. When they married in 1994, he was relocated back to New Orleans to help build and manage a new laboratory. After Hurricane Katrina hit in 2005, Fenwick and his wife relocated their family up to central Illinois as he continued to work in New Orleans. Nearly a year after the hurricane and living apart, he took a position with Archer Daniels Midland Co. in Decatur, Ill., covering ADM’s biodiesel technical services for North America and South America. For nearly the past 10 years of his career, Fenwick has traveled extensively for work, conferences and consulting.

Q: How were you first introduced to biodiesel, and when?

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A: I first became acquainted with biodiesel back in the mid- to late-1990s. Several biodiesel facilities were just beginning and submitting initial samples to the lab I was managing in New Orleans to help determine conformance against the ASTM specifications. Some of these biodiesel producers at the time were experimenting with different feedstocks. I’ve jokingly said that some of the samples we received may have even had beaks and feathers still within them. This was a time during which the industry was just starting up and quality was nowhere near what it is today.

Q: You’ve been the technical director at NBB for about a year now. What has been most challenging about the role, and the most rewarding?

A: When you begin to speak about renewable fuels, and biodiesel in particular, there are always questions and concerns over what might still be unknown. Petroleum companies, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and users alike all believe that biodiesel is one of the newest fuels in the marketplace and might not be as well understood as traditional petroleum-based fuels. When there is an issue, it must certainly be related to some property of the biodiesel that had been overlooked or even covered up, right? What most consumers don’t realize is that biodiesel got its start in the mid-1990s. Diesel fuel changed in 2006 when the U.S. EPA mandated ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD). Compression ignition (diesel) engines today have changed to high-pressure common rail systems and are completely redesigned. One of the biggest challenges is educating fuel users that the performance of biodiesel is as well understood in today’s engines as any traditional petroleum fuel such as ULSD. The most rewarding is the closer working relationship that I have with the larger industry as well as the staff and contractors within the National Biodiesel Board. Not only are they some of the most intelligent and well-respected persons in their individual roles, but

Q&A

TECHNICAL LEADER: Scott Fenwick became the National Biodiesel Boardâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s new technical director last year, taking over the role from Steve Howell who continues to serve the organization as senior technical advisor.

PHOTO: THE NATIONAL BIODIESEL BOARD

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Q&A they approach each day and challenge with a passion to serve not only our members but also the American public.

Q: Biodiesel quality has improved greatly over the years.

To what do you attribute these improvements?

A: I truly believe that the biodiesel industry is interested in making a positive difference in todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s society. The industry is a little more mature today in understanding its own new technologies and production techniques, as well as now having a better understanding of the fuels industry as a whole. The ASTM biodiesel specifications are ever-evolving as we uncover new information about interactions with other fuels and todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s newer engines. In fact, there have been 18 revisions to the D6751 specifications, since the original specifications were published back in 2002. The BQ-9000 programs have helped with quality assurance, but the industry is now to a point where it has begun to police the quality of its own product.

Q: What biodiesel quality-related issues continue to be investigated on a technical level?

A: The National Biodiesel Board continues to manage several technical projects designed to deliver the seamless fuel performance that customers expect. Our members have several opportunities throughout the year to provide feedback on the technical programs they feel are

most relevant to the success of the industry. Much of this past yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s feedback has focused upon expanding the possibilities of further market penetration. Besides encouraging industry quality enforcement, we are working on securing B20 approvals within the ASTM heating oil specifications, confirming biodiesel blend stability values for applications with high-pressure common rail engines, confirming the current biodiesel metals limits for engines over their entire useful life with B20, and developing the acceptance of B20 fuels within the railroad industries. Each application has its own unique challenges being studied to provide assurances to users that the increased volumes of biodiesel will not be problematic.

Q: What is the latest biodiesel news on the ASTM front?

A: The most recent ASTM meetings were held this past June in Indianapolis, and we had a record number of ballots relating to or affecting the biodiesel industry. At the forefront were two that Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d like to talk about. We had a ballot to increase the allowable biodiesel content in heating oil, ASTM D396, which currently approves up to 5 percent in No. 1 and No. 2 grades, and we are looking to increase that to 20 percent. The ballot we put forth is one of the most technically comprehensive ballots Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve ever seen at ASTM. We had information included that basically showed the performance of B20 far outweighed and outperformed the baseline petroleum counterpartâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;we had fewer leaks from B20, improved emissions and no impacts on performance of the equip-

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Q&A ment. We did see a few negatives with that ballot, which were more related to the structure of the new specifications and whether it could, or should, be included with the existing specifications or a standalone separate specification. We’re addressing those issues and we will reballot that in December.

The other big one is jet fuel. The biodiesel industry has completed recent studies investigating 400 ppm contamination levels in jet fuel to see if that would have any impact on fuel performance with the idea that we would ballot an increase in the allowable content up from 5 ppm to 100 ppm. The airline trade association, Airlines for America, the military and others are in favor of this increase and have deemed it to not be a flight safety risk. This new limit would allow for pipelines to carry biodiesel blends and still manage safe movement of jet fuel.

Q: OEM approval of higher blends is an essential part of greater biodiesel acceptance. Can you talk about ongoing work in this field?

A: Biodiesel is still considered new to the fuel industry. However, what most people don’t realize is that, while biodiesel has been in the marketplace since the early 2000s, diesel fuel itself had a drastic makeover in 2006 in changing from low sulfur diesel to ULSD. Engines themselves have improved and changed just in the past three to four years as well. The biodiesel industry has prided itself on working with each of the OEMs to answer questions they might have on perfor-

mance in their new engines. One such example is a current study that we have just begun, looking at fuel stability for biodiesel blends in new high-pressure common rail engines. I’d also like to say that the BQ-9000 commission is working on a new program for retailers that we hope will provide confidence throughout every level of the fuel distribution system and quality assurance for biodiesel blends. The program will audit retailers for tank maintenance, buying fuel from approved sources and things of that nature.

Q: Could you briefly describe how the ASTM spec for biodiesel has evolved over the years, and what has been behind that?

A: There has been a total of 19 versions of D6751 since its inception in 2002—that’s 18 revisions plus the original. Each time the industry has brought forth what it believes to be an issue with biodiesel, we have addressed those with improvements to the specifications (e.g., cold soak filtration, Grade 1 with a monoglyceride limit, etc.). The current biodiesel specifications have approximately 20 parameters to check for fuel quality whereas diesel fuel, under D975, currently has only 13 parameters, so it could be said that there is more strict oversight on biodiesel fuel quality than on diesel fuel.

Q: In your opinion, what are some areas of improvement needed in the ASTM spec for biodiesel?

Q&A

A: Current and future research will help us answer this better and determine what improvements need to be made. Again, we have an ongoing research project on stability in today’s newer engines. If we find in this study that oxidative stability in biodiesel or blends need to be improved, then we will ballot that.

Q: People often say biodiesel is not a “drop-in” fuel. How do you respond

to this?

A: That’s difficult because the term “dropin” means different things to different people.

But at the point of production, whether it’s a petroleum fuel, or biodiesel or another type of renewable fuel, none of them typically meets the specifications without improvement from additives or further blending. Today’s OEMs are coming forth with new concerns about renewable diesel that some might consider to be a “drop-in” fuel. And the ASTM specifications have historically been based upon petro-

leum refined fuels, so there may be some applications and properties that we’ve taken for granted that we need to go back and review.

Q: A question I get a lot is, “My diesel car is only approved for B5. Will higher blend levels of biodiesel void my warranty?” How do you respond to this?

A: The answer is absolutely not. We do realize some OEMs only approve B5, and blends up to B5 can be legally sold as diesel fuel. Even those prominent OEMs that approve B5 (Volkswagen and Mercedes) have privately issued confirmation letters to registered owners in these states (Illinois where B11 is common) that the use of biodiesel up to B20 will do no harm to their engines and does not void the warranty.

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Q: What have been some of the most remarkable technological advances in the history of biodiesel processing?

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BOARD

A: I think there are several. It’s the industry’s ability to adapt, which is not a specific breakthrough, but when cold soak filtration became a part of the specification, our producers quickly learned what it would take for their fuel to meet the new spec. Also, when the industry asked for lower monoglyceride content, National Renewable Energy Laboratory had finished a biodiesel survey across the U.S. and found nearly 90 percent of the industry passed the new mono spec before it was even published. The industry’s ability to process lower-grade, lower-cost feedstock through new technologies such as enzymatic processing, which appears to be taking hold with a few producers across the U.S., and a myriad of other process techniques, is truly remarkable. I call it the Microsoft approach—there’s no one correct answer or means to an end.

Q: Over the years, what have been biodiesel’s greatest technical achievements?

A: It’s important to note that each new study continues to paint a better picture of biodiesel, whether it is greenhouse gas reductions, energy balance, life-cycle analysis or emissions. Each new study comes out with

Q&A almost continual improvement.

Q: What are the biggest technical challenges that face biodiesel?

A: I think the biggest technical challenge is the biodiesel industry has reached a point in volumes where weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re no longer filling niche markets, but weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re being found across the board. And we need to ensure that biodiesel has the performance characteristics that customers expect. And to date, we have.

sumption, but hopefully we have markets such as Bioheat along with the desire of industries to move toward better emissions and lower carbon fuels that can create those discretionary blending opportunities to grow beyond that established floor. Hopefully, the work weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re doing on a technical front helps assure confidence in higher concentrations of biodiesel.

it be?

A: I guess the one thing I would change would be to figure out a way to reach a greater number of people and educate them about the performance and benefits of biodiesel blends.

Besides all of the technical work we do, if we canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t communicate that better, then it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t do us any good.

Q: If you could change one thing about the biodiesel industry, what would

Author: Ron Kotrba Editor, Biodiesel Magazine 218-745-8347 rkotrba@bbiinternational.com

Q: How do the technical successes and challenges of biodiesel in the U.S. compare to those around the world?

A: While the U.S. might have initially started behind Europe in production and use of biodiesel, I see the research that weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re doing now taking a lead and being looked at by markets all over the world. For instance, we had discussions earlier this morning with the nation of Colombia regarding biodiesel blend research at 10 percent and the effects on todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s engines. So the research weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re doing not only affects the U.S., but it also affects biodiesel blend performance and fuels all over the world.

Q: Something we heard about several years ago is harmonization of global biodiesel standards. Can you talk about this and what the future holds for harmonization?

A: There have not been any further discussions on harmonization. In fact, the biggest outcome of those discussions in 2007 was that there are rational reasons for the differences we find throughout the global specifications, whether those are attributable to different emissions regulations, regulated sulfur content or cold flow characteristics, each plays an important part in the performance of those fuels on a local or regional basis.

Q: How does the policy uncertainty that biodiesel faces, in the U.S. and internationally, affect progress on the technical front?

A: It slows it somewhat, but it certainly doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t prohibit progress on the technical front. RFS2 and other state policies are basically designed as a floor for biodiesel con-

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POLICY

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POLICY

QAP 2.0: The Final Rule

Traversing the maze of U.S. EPA’s proposed RIN Quality Assurance Plan was daunting, but after 16 months, the final rule provides a simpler pathway to getting markets back on track

BY RON KOTRBA

After several damaging cases of biodiesel RIN fraud were exposed in 2011 and 2012, it was clear something needed to be done to police the Wild West-like market and protect obligated parties and good-faith biodiesel producers alike from the crippling aftermath caused by a handful of bad actors. When

the U.S. EPA issued its Quality Assurance Plan proposed ruling at the dawn of 2013, however, the consensus between the biodiesel and oil industries was that the program was too burdensome and costly.

The proposal, which was uniquely a proposal and an implemented rule until the actual final rule was published, provided obligated parties an affirmative defense against civil liability for retiring invalid RINs, and included Option A, Option B, and the status quo “buyer beware” approach. While both options provided obligated parties with an affirmative defense against civil liabilities, they differed in which party in the chain would be responsible for replacing any retired invalid RINs if the generator of the invalid RIN were unable to. Under A, if the biodiesel producer were unable to replace invalid QAP-A RINs they generated, the proposal required the QAP auditor to bear the cost of replacement. Under B, the obligated party that retired the invalid QAP-B RINs would be responsible for replacement.

Under the proposal, Option A was much more rigorous, comprehensive and costly compared to B. Option A required near real-time, ongoing auditing and reporting while quarterly auditing was all B demanded. QAP-A replacement by the auditor, as the proposed rule required, was to be backstopped by one or more replacement mechanisms: a RIN escrow account, a RIN bank or a financial instrument. There was also a replacement cap for auditors under A and a limited exemption for obligated parties under B. Option A limited the replacement obligation of the auditor to 2 percent of RINs they audit over a 5-year period. If the third-party verifier audits 100 million RINs, for instance, and 10 million are invalid, they would have to replace 2 million. Under Option B, there was a limited exemption for obligated parties (for 2013-’14 only) to not have to replace up to 2 percent of their total renewable volume obligation (RVO) if they retire invalid QAP-B RINs. This was put in the proposal to encourage obligated parties to buy RINs again, and if retired, invalid QAP-B RINs are 2 percent or less of their total RVO.

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POLICY The EPA’s Byron Bunker, who spoke at the 2013 National Biodiesel Conference shortly after the proposed rule was issued, said he expected both options to be included in the final rule. It turned out he was wrong.

Final Rule

The final QAP rule was issued in July—a year and a half after the proposal was published. In its final rule, the agency finalized both proposed QAP program options included in the proposed rule for an interim period from Feb. 21, 2013, through Dec. 31, 2014. Beginning Jan. 1, 2015, the program will consist of a single QAP option (QRINs). “Given the difficulty experienced by auditors in setting up Option-A QAPs, the apparent lack of use of the Option-A QAP in the interim period, and the overwhelmingly negative comments regarding OptionA by producers and obligated parties alike, we are not finalizing Option-A as a compliance alternative for use after the interim period,” the agency stated in its final rule. The single QAP option closely resembles the QAP-B option established in the proposal.

After RIN fraud was exposed, the National Biodiesel Board formed a RIN In-

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tegrity Task Force that worked to establish recommendations for complementing the private-sector efforts with strengthened RFS requirements.

The EPA’s new regulations incorporate many of the task force’s recommendations, including strong protections for obligated parties but also clear responsibilities, without any reduction in required volumes. The new program gives obligated parties an affirmative defense against civil penalties.

However, it confirms that obligated parties still have ultimate responsibility for replacing RINs found to be invalid. Anne Steckel, NBB’s vice president of federal affairs, says allowing a complete affirmative defense, in which invalid RINs are not replaced, would have allowed the EPA to effectively “write off ” required volumes, resulting in a de facto reduction in RFS volumes and less incentive for fraud prevention among obligated parties. Another aspect of the task force’s recommendations that were incorporated in the final rule is a streamlined QAP process that provides strong protections for RIN buyers while also avoiding costly, timeconsuming red tape that would hurt biodiesel producers and obligated parties. Also, Steckel says the final rule includes strength-

SEPTEMBER | OCTOBER 2014

ened auditing requirements with strong professional standards that ensure true independence for those parties charged with identifying fraud.

“The major differences between the proposed and final rules are QAP types available and site visit frequency,” says Ashley Player, domestic QAP manager for Weaver. “The single QAP that will take effect Jan. 1 is almost identical to the QAPB available during the interim period. EPA found, based on industry adoption during the interim period and feedback from QAP providers, producers and obligated parties, that the QAP-A option was not costeffective. Likewise, EPA listened to industry concerns and elected to reduce the site visit requirements to biannually instead of quarterly.” Susan Olson, vice president of biofuels at Genscape Inc., says site visits are required twice a year without remote sensor monitoring and once a year with remote sensor monitoring.

“EcoEngineers is pleased that the EPA included all of our recommendations to make the program simpler and more costeffective for producers,” says Shashi Menon, managing partner at EcoEngineers.

“The final version of the rules only has one

POLICY QAP RIN type, a Q-RIN, as opposed to the A and B types in the proposed rules.”

The final rule has also taken a strong and sensible stand on the issue of independence of third-party auditors, Menon says.

Karyn Jones, chief operating officer and QAP manager at EcoEngineers, adds that the final rule removes the requirement that the auditor be a professional engineer.

Regarding independent auditors, Olson says the final rule disallows RIN generators to be QAP auditors. “This appears to apply to RIN agents,” Olson says. The rule also establishes qualifications for independent third-party auditors, and sets requirements for audits of biofuel production facilities.

According to RINtrust LLC, the auditor requirements in EPA’s final QAP rule indicate that the auditor cannot provide QAP and attestation services for the same facility; cannot generate RINs for the producer; must be independent from fuel producers; must have access to a professional engineer and a certified public accountant; and must have errors and omissions, or E&O, insurance.

Although the QAP-A portion of the program is being phased out, Olson says Genscape has been working on a commercial RIN replacement solution outside of the EPA’s program and plans to launch a commercial offering well ahead of the QAP-A phase out. “We listened to the industry and our clients, and recognized that there might be a better way to provide a RIN replacement solution,” Olson says. “The economics tell us that there is a place for RIN ‘insurance’ in the market.”

Genscape will continue to provide QAP-A and QAP-B services until the programs are phased out and will transition its services to the new Q-RINs for 2015. “If [the EPA Moderated Transaction System] can accommodate Q-RINs before Jan. 1, 2015, then tagging of Q-RINs may become available before that time,” Olson adds. EcoEngineers says over the next few months, it will work with EPA to test and launch the new version of EMTS, which will qualify Q-RINs and provide the administrative updates required by QAP providers under the new rules, Jones says.

During 2014-’16, the final rule’s limited exemption excuses 2 percent of an obligated party’s RVO from the requirement for RIN

replacement if Q-RINs up to the 2 percent limit later turn out to be invalid. “This appears to be an annual exemption calculated

by D-code through 2016,” Olson says. “The 2014 exemption appears to include the entire ‘interim period’ of QAP from Feb. 21, 2013, to Dec. 31, 2014.” According to RINtrust, the exemption is intended to make obligated parties more willing to buy RINs from smaller, less well-known biofuels producers whose RINs might otherwise hold a higher perceived risk than RINs from large producers. “While the voluntary QAP

and ‘buyer beware’ market style shifts the financial burden of verifying RINs to the producers, it also helps to level the playing field for small producers,” says Pete Moss, president of Frazier, Barnes & Associates and RINtrust member. “The Q-RIN program gives small producers the ability to demonstrate the validity of their RINs and to compete with larger producers.”

The final rule also establishes minimum requirements for feedstock verification, the verification that volumes produced are consistent with the amount of feed-

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POLICY stock processed, and verification that RINs are appropriately categorized.

During the interim period, RINs verified under a preregistered QAP prior to July 2, 2014—the date the EPA issued its final rule—are valid, according to RINTrust; and A and B QAPs can be used to validate RINs until Jan. 1, 2015.

“There are nuances to the new QAP rule,” Player says. “One of the more confusing aspects is the timeline of QAP im-

plementation. If renewable fuel producers want to generate Q-RINs in EMTS on Jan. 1, they need to have passed a QAP A or B audit by that date. Prior to the effective date of the final rule,” which is Sept. 16, 2014, “RINs may be verified retrospectively, but after the effective date, auditors must verify RINs prospectively.” EPA wants QAP providers to review what has happened and anticipate what will happen, Player says.

“If a QAP-B audit is completed on Oct. 20

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based on activity in the third quarter, RINs generated after Oct. 20 by the producer will be B-RINs until Jan. 1, at which point they will be Q-RINs. The RINs generated before the QAP-B report was issued will not carry with them an affirmative defense or qualify for the limited exemption for obligated parties.”

For biodiesel producers, RIN separation provisions do not change with the final rule. A producer may separate RINs from the corresponding volume of fuel if the party designates the neat renewable fuel or blend as transportation fuel, heating oil or jet fuel; and the neat renewable fuel or blend is used without further blending, in the designated form, as transportation fuel, heating oil or jet fuel.

Exportation of fuel with renewable content, for which the RINs were not retired, has become a major issue and one that EPA has addressed in its final QAP rule.

“The EPA has clearly stated it now believes that any export of transportation fuels must have ‘contemporaneous’ proof that the transportation fuels are free of renewable fuels,” says Ramon Benavides, president and founder of Global Renewable Strategies and Consulting LLC. “Otherwise they will be declared as containing renewable fuels. This is a fantastic outcome because, in the event an exporter fails to obtain ‘contemporaneous’ evidence that the exported commodity did not contain a renewable element, then an export RVO is automatically assumed as default at 5 to 20 percent for diesel and a retirement is due in 30 days or less. However, it was not clear regarding gasoline’s CBOB or RBOB, but we believe those values would be assumed by oxygenate blend data and would apply as well. If this were to hold true, then the exports of diesel and gasoline would potentially invoke greater than 1.28 billion gallons of ethanol equivalency demand in addition to retirements for neat renewable fuels. Our initial assessment of EIA data suggests that the exporters will invoke an annual cost of no less than $32 million in additional testing, fees and compliance oversight. Otherwise, the cost through notices of violation would be greater than $250 million. The rule created a win for the renewable fuel sector that many have overlooked.”

POLICY Final Perspectives

“We believe the EPA did a good job of strengthening the audit requirements in the rule and streamlining the QAP program so that there are clear lines of responsibility, and all stakeholders can have confidence in RIN markets,” Steckel says. “It is a good rule that is in line with the private-sector protections that have already been put in place since these isolated criminal cases came to light several years ago. Together, this new rule and the private-sector programs offer significant new safeguards against RIN fraud and should ensure that it remains a thing of the past. We look forward to working with EPA on implementing this program.” One thing Steckel says the NBB advocated for but EPA did not include in its final rule is strong bonding requirements on RINs for imported fuels.

“The QAP rule is a reasonable program that appears to be carefully constructed by the EPA in such a way that minimizes potential conflicts of interest by limiting the services that can be provided by a QAP service company,” Moss says. “The final rule accomplishes the goal of protecting buyers and obligated parties without unduly burdening producers. Given the relatively high value of RINs and the underlying potential for fraud, it is imperative that the renewable fuel industry strives to verify all RINs that are generated in a streamlined manner. Even though there is a cost associated with the verification process, both producers and obligated parties benefit from the increased due diligence.

Over time, the cost of compliance should decline as a result of process efficiencies and increased competition.”

“Global Renewable Strategies and Consulting applauds the EPA for completing a complex voluntary Quality Assurance Program for the renewable fuel industry,” Benavides says. “The rule has a solid core for additional compliance and a rigid requirement for affirmative defense as requested by the obligated parties.”

“The QAP rule is a major step towards developing stable RIN markets, and we are very pleased that the EPA has finalized these important rules,” Menon says. “Now there will be standard verifica-

tion programs for RINs that will mitigate the risks of purchasing RINs of unknown origins. These rules will make the QAP program mainstream and it will become a standard feature of operating a renewable fuel facility.”

“Obligated parties may be incentivized to purchase verified RINs in order to claim an affirmative defense against penalties on A-RINs, B-RINs, and Q-RINs and will receive a limited exemption for small quanti-

ties of B-RINs and Q-RINs that they use for compliance purposes,” says Player. “Biofuel producers should be prepared for questions from their customers about their QAP status, and these producers should know that achieving Q-RIN production capability will not happen overnight.”

Author: Ron Kotrba Editor, Biodiesel Magazine 218-745-8347 rkotrba@bbiinternational.com

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USE CONTRIBUTION

GUINEA PIG: The 98-foot debris-collection ship, the Raccoon, was one of four initial vessels the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers evaluated in a biodiesel trial.

PHOTO: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS

US Army Corps of Engineers Powers Floating Plants with Biodiesel Biodiesel trials on USACE vessels yielded positive results for fuel consumption, performance, emissions and more

BY BOB LEITCH AND TIM WELP

On Oct. 5, 2009, Executive Order 13514 was issued by President Obama requiring federal agencies to develop a plan to reduce energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuels, and increase use of renewable energy. One section of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is responsible for providing navigable waterways and carries out that mission with approximately 2,300 floating plant assets, including barges, tow boats, floating cranes, survey boats, patrol boats and dredges. USACE planned to meet the requirements of the executive order by reducing ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) consumption and by increasing use of biodiesel on its floating plants.

Since the critical nature of the USACE’s mission could require immediate response with all equipment, it was decided that a trial

evaluation program of biodiesel on a small scale should be carried out. The evaluation began with four vessels made available by USACE’s districts in Baltimore, St. Louis, San Francisco and Buffalo.

They ranged in size from a 36-foot drift-collection vessel (BD-5) to a 98-foot debris-collection vessel (Raccoon). The other two vessels were a 75-foot towboat (Pathfinder) and a 52-foot tug (Mike Donlon). Next steps called for training the corps personnel on biodiesel use, assessing fuel delivery and engine components, and developing vessel-specific plans.

Staff training began with participation in a Federal Non-Tactical Vessel Biodiesel Initiative. The FNTV Working Group reviewed proven methods of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration’s Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, which has successfully used B100 in its vessels since 2000. The working group identified nine areas to be watchful for when converting to B100: cold flow properties, material compatibility of hoses and gas-

The claims and statements made in this article belong exclusively to the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Biodiesel Magazine or its advertisers. All questions pertaining to this article should be directed to the author(s).

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kets, microbial growth, energy content, filter plugging, water separation, storage stability, OEM warranties, and cost. Additionally, three mechanical areas of the four vessels were targeted for pretrial assessments: injectors, valves (especially exhaust), and fuel delivery hoses and seals. Assessments identified the need to install four pad heaters below the external fuel tanks on the San Francisco vessel, replace fuel injectors on the towboat in St. Louis, and install new 10-micron filters on all four vessels and replace them more frequently.

Plans for evaluating B100 usage in field trials were developed and implemented. The performance tests consisted of “run tests” at constant power levels over select water courses, and “push tests” where EXPANDED TRIALS: 14 USACE vessels, like the dredge seen here, were used in the the vessels pushed against fixed bulkheads. These expanded biodiesel study, which included improved monitoring of fuel consumption and tests were performed and monitored while the vesemissions. sels were operating the engines on ULSD, and then PHOTO: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS repeated while operating on B100. Surprisingly, though fuel consumption differences varied with In addition to the field trials, a comprehensive testing project was engine power, they showed that, in general, less B100 was consumed carried out with two vessels equipped to measure engine power and than ULSD at the same power settings. Monitoring of vessels during fuel consumption, equipment installed by the Bristol Harbor Group, regular operations using B100 revealed easily correctable mechanical a naval architecture and marine engineering company located in Brisproblems. In one vessel the fuel lines degraded; however, this did not tol, R.I. Additionally, emissions were measured by the University of reoccur after they were replaced with hoses rated for biodiesel use. California, Riverside’s Center for Environmental Research and TechAnother vessel using B100 experienced fuel filter plugging immedi- nology. The evaluation consisted of running “push tests” for three ately after being fueled and the reason was not found. After pumping fuels: No. 2 diesel; B100 soy-based biodiesel and a second-generaout the fuel, the vessel used several tanks of ULSD and then resumed tion/advanced biodiesel, namely a 50/50 blend of an algal-based biooperations using B20, with no further problems. diesel with No. 2 diesel. The algal-based biodiesel was produced by The success in the initial field trials led to an expanded study of Solazyme for the U.S. Navy and was used in a number of successful biodiesel fuel use in an increased number, and more diverse types of field trials, but emissions data were lacking. Testing was conducted vessels, with improved monitoring of fuel consumption and emis- and emissions were measured following federal protocols. Compared sions. The expanded study involved 14 corps vessels, different levels with No. 2 diesel, B100 showed a 61 percent reduction in soot but the of monitoring, and different blends of biodiesel, ranging from B5 algal-based did not show a reduction. Detailed emission results will be to B100. The basic level of evaluation consisted of using biodiesel available in a technical report. during normal operations and surveying the crew regarding their In summary, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers field trials demopinions on its operational suitability (e.g., delivered power, engine onstrated the feasibility of using biodiesel fuels by USACE floating condition, etc.). The crews of the vessels involved in the expanded plants to increase use of renewable energy and reduce the use of fosstudy were favorably impressed with the reduction in soot and overall sil fuels. From February 2011 to April 2014, the total volume of biocleanliness that came with biodiesel fuel. One operator said, “It puts diesel consumed was about 3.1 million gallons. Relative proportions out less emissions and odor,” a plus for someone in the pilot house for the different blends were B5 at 1.34 million gallons, B10 at 178,000 near the stacks. The maintenance personnel liked the cleaner appear- gallons, B15 at 653,000 gallons, B20 at 848,000 gallons, and B100 at ance of the insides of the engines when using biodiesel and one men- 43,000 gallons. All of the Corps Districts that participated in the extioned a potential for reduced maintenance with B100. There were no panded study intend to continue their respective use of biodiesel fuel. maintenance issues associated with using biodiesel; however, all vesAuthors: Bob Leitch, Tim Welp sels took the precaution of increasing the frequency of replacing fuel USACE Asset Management Program Manager filters when they switched to biodiesel. None of the vessel operators Senior Researcher, USACE Engineer R&D Center had issues related to engine power or efficiency, and no instances of robert.b.leitch@usace.army.mil timothy.l.welp@usace.army.mil adverse effects on routine vessel operations were reported. The fuel usage and costs were reported to be comparable to those for ULSD.

SEPTEMBER | OCTOBER 2014

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CCovering Co Cove over overing ver veri ering ing ngg biod bio bbiodiesel iodi iod odies ies iese esel sell and and oth other ot o err aalter alte alternative tern ter ernat nati nat ativ tive vee fuels fue fu fuels elss coas coast-to-coast co coa oasst-t oastt-to -to-c o-co -coa -co coast ast stt & re read add by b tho thousands hous ousa usa usan sands nds dss each eac each chh qua qu quarter. uarte arte ter. er.r.

W Wo Woul ould uld ld yyo you ou like lik ike too be be fe featured feat atu tur ured edd inn the th thee Fue FFu Fuels uels elss Fi Fix? ix? x??

Would Seee it, Se See iti , read rea reeadd it, it & conta cco contact ntac tac tact ctt uuss too get gett mor more more re peop peo pe people eople ople ple lee read rrea reading eadi ead ading ing ngg aabout abou bout out ut your you yourr elb elbo elbow e bow ow w ggrea gre grease reas ease see by by visiting... vis visiti vvisiti sitin ting ing... g... ....

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Advertise now on Biodiesel Magazine’s 2015 U.S. & North Canada Biodiesel Plant Map. It is the easiest and most Carolina Tennessee cost-effective way to get your name, product and/or South service in front of Biodiesel Producers, as wellCarolina as other Arkansas Biodiesel professionals for 12 months at a time. This map is extremely popular because it identifies more than 200 existing biodiesel plants asGeorgia well as those Alabama Mississippi under construction.

Production facilities are conveniently color coded by status for quick reference.

Oklahoma

Arizona

West Virginia

Existing Biodiesel Plants Identified Texas

Hawaii

ExisƟƟ Und z ExisƟƟ

NOTE: Plant ma - Plant capaciƟ Ɵ - Plants that ar

Please contact comments rega

Louisianna

odiesel Plants

USEFUL GRAPHS

DEADLINE: SEPTEMBER 15,Florida 2014

U.S. Biodiesel Plants conƟ Ɵnued

U.S. Biodiesel Plants conƟ Ɵnued

ame

City

Capacity State (MMgy)

Feedstock

Plant Status

#

Plant Name

City

State

Capacity Capa (MMgy) MM

FFeedstock eed dstock

Plant Status

#

City

State

Capacity (MMgy) Mgy)

FFeedstock

P Plant Status

nc.

Nitro

WV

Soybean oil

ExisƟ Ɵng

35

Chesapeake Green Fuels

Adamstown

MD

1

Mul MulƟfeedstock MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng

69

Green Valley Bio - Fuels

Warrenville

SC

10

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ Exis E Ɵng Ɵng

36

Clinton County Bio Energy, LLC

Clinton

IA

10

Soy, corn oils, animal fat

ExisƟ Ɵng

70

Greenleaf Biofuels, LLC

New Haven

CT

10

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis Ɵng ExisƟ

71

Greenlight Biofuels Princess Anne, LLC

Princess Anne

MD

5

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis EExisƟ Ɵng Ɵng

72

Greenwave Biodiesel

Fort Lauderdale

FL

3.6

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

73

Griĸ ĸn Industries, Inc.

Butler

KY

2

Mul Ɵfeedstock MulƟ

Exis Ɵng Ɵng ExisƟ

74

GTBE ProducƟ Ɵon

Houston

TX

1.2

Waste glycerin, palm sludge

Exis Ɵng ExisƟ

75

Hero BX

Erie

PA

45

MulƟfeedstock Ɵfeedstock MulƟ

Exis Ɵng Ɵng ExisƟ

76

High Plains Bioenergy, LLC

Guymon

OK

30

Animal fat

ExisƟ Ɵng

77

Imperial Western Products, Inc.

Coachella

CA

10.5

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

78

Imperium Grays Harbor

Hoquiam

WA

100

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis Ɵng ExisƟ

79

Incobrasa Industries, Ltd.

Gilman

IL

32

Soybean oil

ExisƟng Ɵng ExisƟ

80

Integrity Biofuels

Morristown

IN

5

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng

81

Iowa Renewable Energy, LLC

Washington

IA

30

Animal fat, vegetable oils

ExisƟng Ɵng ExisƟ

82

Jatrodiesel, Inc.

Miamisburg

OH

5

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis Ɵng ExisƟ

83

JNS Biofuels

New Albany

MS

7.5

Soybean oil

ExisƟng Ɵng ExisƟ

84

Keystone BioFuels, Inc.

Camp Hill

PA

24

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng

85

Louis Dreyfus Agricultural Industries, LLC

Claypool

IN

80

Soybean oil

ExisƟng Ɵng ExisƟ

86

Loyola University Chicago

Chicago

IL

0.1

Used cooking oil

ExisƟ Ɵng

87

Maine Bio - Fuel, Inc.

Portland

ME

1.5

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis Ɵng Ɵng ExisƟ

88

Mason Biodiesel, LLC

Westerly

RI

1.2

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng

89

ME Bio Energy, LLC

Lilbourn

MO

5

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis Ɵng Ɵng ExisƟ

90

Menlo Energy Florida, LLC

Lakeland

FL

20

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

91

Menlo Energy Richmond, LLC

Richmond

CA

20

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ConstrucƟ Under Construc Ɵon

92

Mid-America Biofuels

Mexico

MO

50

Soybean oil

ExisƟ Ɵng

93

Midlands Biofuels, LLC

Winnsboro

SC

0.2

MulƟfeedstock Ɵfeedstock MulƟ

ExisƟ ExisƟng Ɵng

94

Midwest Biodiesel Products, LLC

South Roxana

IL

12

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis Ɵng ExisƟ

95

Milagro Biofuels

Memphis

TN

5

Animal fat, soybean oil

ExisƟ ExisƟng Ɵng

96

Minnesota Soybean Processors

Brewster

MN

30

Soybean oil

ExisƟ Ɵng

97

MS

8

MulƟfeedstock MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

essing, Inc. - Algona

Algona

3

IA

60

Soybean oil

ExisƟ Ɵng

essing, Inc. - Sergeant Bluī ī

Sergeant Blu Bluī ī

IA

30

Soybean oil

ExisƟ ExisƟng Ɵng

essing, Inc. - St. Joseph

St. Joseph

MO

30

Soybean oil

ExisƟ Ɵng

Ɵons, Ɵ ons, Inc.

Gladstone

MI

5

Soybean oil

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng

d Renewable Co-op

Douglass

TX

2

Sun ower oil, yellow grease

ExisƟ ExisƟng

Green Waste SoluƟ Ɵons, Inc.

Anchorage

AK

0.3

Mul MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng

enewable Energy, LLC

Birmingham

AL

6

Production by state, Historic production, Feedstock breakdown

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng

37

Community Fuels

Encinitas

CA

13

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng

38

Dallas County Schools

Dallas

TX

0.025

Waste vegetable oil

ExisƟ Ɵng

39

Deer eld Energy, LLC

Deer eld Deer

MO

30

Soybean oil

Exis Ɵng Ɵng ExisƟ

40

Delek Renewables, LLC

Cleburne

TX

12

Animal fat

ExisƟ Ɵng

41

Delta American Fuel, LLC

Helena

AR

40

Soybean oil

ExisƟ Ɵng

42

Delta Biofuels, Inc.

Natchez

MS

80

Animal fat, soybean oil

ExisƟ Ɵng

o Arizona, LLC

Arlington

AZ

15

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng

43

Double Diamond Energy, Inc.

DimmiƩ Ʃ

TX

40

Canola, soy, waste vegetable oils

ExisƟng Ɵng ExisƟ

Daniels Midland Co.-Velva

Velva

ND

85

Canola oil

ExisƟ Ɵng

44

Down to Earth Energy, LLC

Monroe

GA

2

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng

diesel, LLC

San Jose

CA

5

Virgin oils, yellow grease

ExisƟ Ɵng

45

Duonix, LLC

Beatrice

NE

50

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ConstrucƟ Under Construc Ɵon

Biodiesel, LLC

Portland

OR

0.94

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng

46

Eberle Biodiesel

Liverpool

TX

0.3

Waste vegetable oil

ExisƟ Ɵng

NV

1

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng Ɵng

47

EDG Fuels

Tucson

AZ

3

Used cooking oil, yellow grease

ExisƟng Ɵng ExisƟ

HI

5.5

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng

48

Elevance Natchez, Inc.

Natchez

MS

80

Soybean oil

ExisƟ Ɵng

IN

15.5

MulƟ MulƟfeedstock

Biofuels Co.

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Sustainable Biore neries - Ventura

rgy Development Group

Memphis Montana

Oregon

TN

North Dakota

IL

South Dakota

Philadelphia

dge Biofuels, LLC

Nevada

y Biofuels

Asheville

Utah

ss BioDiesel

Falmouth

port Biodiesel, LLC

Bridgeport

Hawaii

eld Biodiesel, LLC U.S. Biodiesel Plants #

Biofuels

City

AC&S, Inc.

Nitro

Ag Processing, Inc. - Algona

Algona

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Capacity State (MMgy) WV IA

3 60

Feedstock Soybean oil Soybean oil

#

Plant Name

ExisƟng

35

Chesapeake Green Fuels

Adamstown

MD

1

MulƟfeedstock

36

Clinton County Bio Energy, LLC

Clinton

IA

10

Soy, corn oils, animal fat

ExisƟng

Sergeant Bluī

IA

30

Soybean oil

ExisƟng

Ag Processing, Inc. - St. Joseph

St. Joseph

MO

30

Soybean oil

ExisƟng

Gladstone

MI

5

Soybean oil

ExisƟng

2

Sun ower oil, yellow grease

Ag SoluƟons, Inc. Agrigold Renewable Co-op

Douglass

Alaska Green Waste SoluƟons, Inc.

Anchorage

Allied Renewable Energy, LLC Amereco Arizona, LLC Archer Daniels Midland Co.-Velva Bay Biodiesel, LLC

Birmingham Arlington Velva San Jose

Beaver Biodiesel, LLC Bently Biofuels Co. Big Island Biodiesel, LLC

Portland Minden Kea`au

TX AK AL AZ ND CA OR NV HI

0.3 6 15 85 5 0.94 1 5.5

MulƟfeedstock MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng

MulƟfeedstock MulƟfeedstock MulƟfeedstock

Escondido

ExisƟng

MulƟfeedstock Canola oil Virgin oils, yellow grease

ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

10

MulƟfeedstock

Under ConstrucƟon

18 19

Biodiesel of Las Vegas Bioenergy Development Group

Las Vegas Memphis

Washington Biodiesel, LLC 20

21

22

23

BioVantage Fuels, LLC

NV TN

Belvidere

IL

BlackGold Biofuels

Philadelphia

PA

Blue Ridge Biofuels, LLC

Asheville

NC

8 40 3.5 0.26 1.2

Blue Sky Biofuels

Oakland

CA

4

24

Blue Sun St. Joe Re ning

St. Joseph

MO

30

25

Bluegrass BioDiesel

Falmouth

KY

14

MulƟfeedstock MulƟfeedstock Soybean, corn, used cooking oils

Trap grease,wastewater sludge Yellow grease MulƟfeedstock MulƟfeedstock MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng

ExisƟng

40

Soybean oil

MS

80

Animal fat, soybean oil

DimmiƩ

TX

40

Canola, soy, waste vegetable oils

Down to Earth Energy, LLC Duonix, LLC

53

Ever Cat Fuels, LLC

Evergreen Renewables, LLC

Ellensburg 54

55

56

57

Extreme Biodiesel, Inc. Felda IFFCO, LLC

Filter Specialty, Inc. FL Biofuels, LLC

BIODIESEL MAGAZINE IS THE

#1 SOURCE

Waste vegetable oil, tallow

El Paso

Global Fuels, LLC

Dexter

With subscribers in more than 40 countries, Biodiesel Magazine is the world’s largest and longest-running biodiesel magazine.

WA TX MO

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

DE

ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng

6

MulƟfeedstock

18

Used cooking oil

ExisƟng

Animal fat, soybean oil

ExisƟng

5

Golden Leaf Energy, LLC

Harvey

LA

2.2

MulƟfeedstock

67

Green Earth Fuels of Houston, LLC

Houston

TX

90

MulƟfeedstock

68

Green Energy Products, LLC

Sedgwick

KS

2

Corn oil

Under ConstrucƟon

ExisƟng

TX

ExisƟng Under ConstrucƟon

# 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102

cleaning| BROWSE CATEGORIES NEXT GENERATION FUELS & CHEMICALS

BiodieselMagazine.com

MAGAZINE IS THE

find it online at

Texas

2

Iowa

3

Missouri

Connecticut

4

Mississippi

New Jersey

5

Illinois

6

Washington

0

100

7

Arkansas

8

California

9

Indiana

10

Alberta

439 313 221 201 174 124 110 107 106 87

Delaware Maryland

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Georgia

Alabama

Please contact Kolby Hoagland, Data & Content Manager, with quesƟons or comments regarding the 2014 Biodiesel Map at khoagland@bbiinternaƟonal.com.

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock #

Florida

Plant Name

103

OK Biodiesel, Inc.

104

Oswalt Bioenergy Co., LLC

105

Owensboro Grain Biodiesel, LLC

Total Number of Plants = 184

Capacity (MMgy)

Feedstock

Plant Status

SC

10

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

CT

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

Princess Anne

MD

Greenwave Biodiesel

Fort Lauderdale

FL

Griĸn Industries, Inc.

Butler

KY

GTBE ProducƟon

Houston

TX

Hero BX

Erie

PA

High Plains Bioenergy, LLC

Guymon

OK

Imperial Western Products, Inc.

Coachella

CA

Imperium Grays Harbor

Hoquiam

WA

Incobrasa Industries, Ltd.

Gilman

IL

Integrity Biofuels

Morristown

Iowa Renewable Energy, LLC Jatrodiesel, Inc.

Washington Miamisburg

JNS Biofuels

New Albany

IN IA OH MS

Keystone BioFuels, Inc.

Camp Hill

PA

Louis Dreyfus Agricultural Industries, LLC

Claypool

IN

Loyola University Chicago Maine Bio - Fuel, Inc. Mason Biodiesel, LLC

0.02 ME Bio Energy, LLC

Menlo Energy Florida, LLC

Menlo Energy Richmond, LLC

Chicago Portland Westerly Lilbourn Lakeland Richmond

IL ME RI MO FL CA

Mid-America Biofuels

Mexico

MO

Midlands Biofuels, LLC

Winnsboro

SC

South Roxana

IL

Memphis

TN

Midwest Biodiesel Products, LLC

5

Milagro Biofuels

Minnesota Soybean Processors

Mississippi Investment Petroleum Co. LLC-Houston

Natural Biodiesel Plant, LLC

Brewster

MN

Houston

MS

HayƟ

MO

New Leaf Biofuel, LLC

San Diego

CA

Newport Biodiesel, Inc.

Newport

RI

North Star Biofuels, LLC

Redwood City

CA

Northeast Biodiesel, LLC

Green eld

MA

35

One FREE Listing per company

10

5

MulƟfeedstock

3.6

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng ExisƟng

2

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

1.2

Waste glycerin, palm sludge

ExisƟng

45

30

10.5

MulƟfeedstock

Animal fat

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

100

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

32

Soybean oil

ExisƟng

5

MulƟfeedstock

30

Animal fat, vegetable oils

State OK

Capacity (MMgy) 3

Feedstock MulƟfeedstock

Plant Status ExisƟng

LA

5

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

KY

45

Soybean oil

ExisƟng

Kansas City

MO

56

Soybean oil

ExisƟng

Greensboro

NC

6.5

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

Peach State Labs, Inc.

Rome

GA

10

Soybean oil

ExisƟng

109

Petroless Fuel, LLC

Middle River

MD

0.5

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

110

Piedmont Biofuels Industrial, LLC

PiƩsboro

NC

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

111

Pinnacle Biofuels, Inc.

CrosseƩ

AR

10

Poultry fat, waste vegetable oil

ExisƟng

112

Pleasant Valley Biofuels, LLC

Washington

ID

5.2

MulƟfeedstock

113

Producers' Choice Soy Energy, LLC

Moberly

MO

10

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

114

Promethean Biofuels Co-op Corp.

Temecula

CA

2.1

Used cooking oil

ExisƟng

117

R3 Energy, LLC RBF Port Neches, LLC Reco Biodiesel, LLC

Used cooking oil Soybean oil

Gans Lake Providence Owensboro

Paseo Cargill Energy, LLC Patriot Biodiesel, LLC

108

116

State

Warrenville New Haven

Greenlight Biofuels Princess Anne, LLC

37.5

City

106 107

115

City

Green Valley Bio - Fuels

Greenleaf Biofuels, LLC

Plant Name

6

0.5

118

119

120

121 122

123 124 125 126

Red Birch Energy, Inc. REG Albert Lea, LLC

REG Atlanta, LLC

REG Clovis, LLC

REG Danville, LLC

REG Emporia, LLC REG Houston, LLC REG Mason City, LLC REG New Boston, LLC

CoƩonwood Falls Port Neches Richmond BasseƩ Albert Lea Ellenwood Clovis Danville Emporia Seabrook Mason City New Boston St. Rose

KS TX VA VA MN GA NM IL KS TX IA TX

1.5 180 3.6 3 30 15 15 45 60 35 30 15

MulƟfeedstock MulƟfeedstock Used cooking oil MulƟfeedstock High/ low FFA High/ low FFA High/ low FFA High/ low FFA High/ low FFA Low FFA High/ low FFA

REG New Orleans, LLC REG Newton, LLC

Newton

IA

30

High/ low FFA

129

REG Ralston, LLC

Ralston

IA

12

Low FFA

130

REG Seneca, LLC

ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng Under ConstrucƟon Under ConstrucƟon ExisƟng Under ConstrucƟon ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng Under ConstrucƟon ExisƟng ExisƟng

High/ low FFA

ExisƟng

131

REV Biodiesel

Gilbert

AZ

10

Used cooking oil

ExisƟng

132

Rio Valley Biofuels, LLC

Anthony

NM

1.5

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

133

Sanimax Energy

DeForest

WI

20

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

134

ScoƩ Petroleum Corp.

Greenville

MS

20

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

Bainbridge

Soybean oil

ExisƟng

0.1

1.5 1.2

MulƟfeedstock Soybean oil

Used cooking oil

MulƟfeedstock MulƟfeedstock

135

Seminole Biodiesel

ExisƟng

136

SeQuenƟal Paci c Biodiesel, LLC

Used cooking oil

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

137

Shenandoah Agricultural Products

Clear Brook

VA

0.3

Waste vegetable oil

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

138

Simple Fuels Biodiesel

Chilcoot

CA

2

Yellow grease

ExisƟng

Under ConstrucƟon

139

Southeast Biodiesel, LLC

North Charleston

SC

5

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

Under ConstrucƟon

140

Southern California Biofuel

Anaheim

CA

1

Used cooking oil, yellow grease

ExisƟng

141

Stepan Co.-Joliet

Joliet

IL

21

Soybean oil

ExisƟng

Sullens Biodiesel, LLC

Morrison

TN

2

Waste vegetable oil

ExisƟng

Sun Power Biodiesel, LLC

Cumberland

WI

3

Canola, soybean oils

ExisƟng

Pasadena

TX

4

Palm oil

ExisƟng

Salem

Restaurant waste oils 5

20

20

MulƟfeedstock

MulƟfeedstock

MulƟfeedstock

50

Soybean oil

0.2

MulƟfeedstock

12

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng ExisƟng

142

ExisƟng

143

144

Sun Products CorporaƟon - Pasadena

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock 5

Animal fat, soybean oil

ExisƟng

30

Soybean oil

8

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

5

6

Yellow grease

ExisƟng

145

146

147

Synergy Biofuels, LLC Texas Biotech, Inc. Texas Green Manufacturing, LLC

Pennington Gap Arlington LiƩle eld

GA

60

High/ low FFA

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

MulƟfeedstock

Soybean oil

7.5

IL

60

Low FFA

127 128

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

24

5

Seneca

LA

1.4

80

Waste vegetable oil

OR

VA TX TX

5 17

3 3 1.25

Waste vegetable oil Waste vegetable, soybean oils Animal fat

ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng

ExisƟng

148

The Power AlternaƟve, Inc.

2

Yellow grease

ExisƟng

149

Thumb BioEnergy, LLC

15

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

150

TMT Biofuels, LLC

Port Leyden

NY

0.25

Waste vegetable oil

ExisƟng

3.5

Yellow grease

Under ConstrucƟon

151

TransMessis Columbia Plateau, LLC

Odessa

WA

8

Canola oil

ExisƟng

Mul MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng U.S. Biodiesel Plants conƟnued

U.S. Biodiesel Plants conƟnued

Virgin vegetable oil Yellow grease

Plants that have > 20 MMgy

28%

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng 72% ExisƟ ExisƟng

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

2

500

Plants that have < 20 MMgy

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng

NOTE: Plant map as of Nov. 21, 2013 - Plant capaciƟes are listed as maximum installed producƟon capacity - Plants that are temporarily idled or operaƟonal are listed as exisƟng

5

400

U.S. & Canadian Biodiesel Plants by Annual ProducƟon Capacity Range

Mul MulƟ Ɵfeedstock South Carolina

300

ExisƟ ƟPlant ng Capacity Across the Industry

ExisƟng Biodiesel Plants Under ConstrucƟon Biodiesel Plants z ExisƟng Renewable Diesel Plants

North Carolina

200

ExisƟ Ɵng ExisƟ ExisƟng Ɵng

Virginia

directory.biodieselmagazine.com

OF INFORMATION FOR AND ABOUT BIODIESEL PRODUCERS AND INDUSTRY PROS.

The only magazine in the world exclusively focused on biodiesel.

ExisƟng

9.2

Moses Lake

Global AlternaƟve Fuels, LLC

65

66

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

FL

Clayton

Houston

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

Indiantown

Gen-X Energy Group, Inc.

ExisƟng

ExisƟng ExisƟng

ExisƟng

Genuine Bio - Fuel, Inc.

63

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

WA

62

64

ExisƟng ExisƟng

Soybean oil

Waste vegetable oil MulƟfeedstock

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

ExisƟng Under ConstrucƟon

MulƟfeedstock MulƟfeedstock

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

MulƟfeedstock

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

Soybean oil, yellow grease

Animal fat, yellow grease

Under ConstrucƟon

MulƟfeedstock

60 4.5 5

Soybean oil Waste vegetable oil Restaurant waste oils

5 35

5 2

10

Used cooking oil

0.5

TX

3

1

60

Yellow grease

37.5 0.02

DE

Houston

FL

50

6

NC WA

Clayton

Channel Biore nery & Terminals, LLC

OH

NC

WA

5

IA

Durham Ellensburg

CGF Clayton, LLC

IN CA

AR

CA

Escondido Iowa Falls

Carolina Biodiesel, LLC Central Washington Biodiesel, LLC

MN

NC

NJ

SeaƩle

NY

Cargill Inc. - Iowa Falls

Fort Myers Elizabeth Batesville

Foothills Bio-Energies, LLC

Tonawanda

Buīalo Biodiesel, Inc. Buster Biofuels

Autryville Lenoir

Fuel: Bio One, LLC

FutureFuel Chemical Co.

ExisƟng ExisƟng

ExisƟng ExisƟng

ExisƟng

General Biodiesel, Inc.

58

59

MulƟfeedstock Virgin vegetable oil

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

IA

NC

60

3 2

34

Hammond Corona CincinnaƟ

MulƟfeedstock

61

CT TX

33

IsanƟ

1.2

Soybean oil MulƟfeedstock

Animal fat, soybean oil

Bridgeport

31

MulƟfeedstock MulƟfeedstock

Waste vegetable oil

3

Ralls

32

Animal fat

Used cooking oil, yellow grease

KS

80 5

NC

Bridgeport Biodiesel, LLC

30

2 50 0.3 3

Minneola

MS MS

Wilson

Brown eld Biodiesel, LLC

28

12

TX AZ

Natchez Meridian

Evans Environmental Energies, Inc.

27 29

GA NE

Liverpool Tucson

Elevance Natchez, Inc.

Emergent Green Energy

Ethos AlternaƟve Energy

51

26

l Biore nery Biore nery & Terminals, LLC

Monroe Beatrice

Eberle Biodiesel EDG Fuels

49 50

52

ExisƟng ExisƟng

ExisƟng

ExisƟng

Soybean oil

AR

Natchez

Double Diamond Energy, Inc.

44

1

Rhode Island

West Virginia

Kentucky

U.S. Biodiesel Plants conƟnued Plant Status

MulƟfeedstock

Waste vegetable oil

30

TX

Helena

Delta Biofuels, Inc.

43

48

MulƟfeedstock

10

CA

ExisƟng

13 0.025

MO

Cleburne

Delta American Fuel, LLC

42

45

15.5

CA

Ventura

ExisƟng

CA TX

Deer eld

Delek Renewables, LLC

41

46

IN

Five Points

Biodico Sustainable Biore neries - Ventura

CA

Encinitas Dallas

Deer eld Energy, LLC

40

47

Covington

Biodico Sustainable Biore neries - Five Points

Feedstock

Community Fuels

Dallas County Schools

39

Durham

Bio-AlternaƟve, LLC

16

State

37 38

Iowa Falls

ExisƟng

15 17

City

Capacity (MMgy)

Plant Status

Ag Processing, Inc. - Sergeant Bluī

3

Ranking State/Province

Vermont

Massachusetts

Yellow grease

Ohio

Indiana

Mississippi

Top 10 States, Provinces by Total Biodiesel ProducƟon Capacity (MMgy)

New Hampshire

14

Louisianna

TX

NY

U.S. Biodiesel Plants conƟnued

Plant Name

1 2 3

nc. - Iowa Falls

a Biodiesel, LLC

CT

Texas

Ralls Tonawanda

ExisƟ ExisƟng

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng

Maine

New York

Pennsylvania

Tennessee

Arkansas

Under Construc ConstrucƟ ƟonMap Biodiesel Plant 2014 Nova Scotia

Trap grease,wastewater sludge

30

KY

New Mexico

U.S. & Canada

New Brunswick

Soybean, corn, used cooking oils

4

MO

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng

MulƟfeedstock MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

3.5

Illinois

CA

Oklahoma

Quebec

1.2

Missouri

St. Joseph

Arizona

Mul MulƟ Ɵfeedstock MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Michigan

NC

Kansas

10 8

0.26

Iowa

Colorado

n St. Joe Re ning

Biodiesel, Inc.

Nebraska

Oakland

California

Wisconsin

PA

Wyoming

901-725-7258 www.FrazierBarnes.com

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MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

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NV

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ExisƟ ExisƟng

RIN INTEGRITY NETWORK™

219-369-4991

CA

Manitoba

Las Vegas

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Saskatchewan

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Washington

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Five Points

Sustainable Biore neries Biore neries - Five Points

yton, LLC

NATIONAL ALTERNATIVE FUELS EZINE

Detroit Sandusky

MI MI

17

MulƟfeedstock

0.42

Used cooking oil

ExisƟng ExisƟng

#

Plant Name

City

Capacity State (MMgy)

Feedstock

152

Triangle Biofuels Industries, Inc.

Wilson

NC

MulƟfeedstock

153

United Biodiesel, Inc.

154

United Oil Co.

Brooklyn

ExisƟ ExisƟng

NY

PiƩsburgh

PA

3 50

Rome

GA

12

MulƟfeedstock

Pollock

LA

15

MulƟfeedstock

Veros Energy, LLC

Moundville

Under ConstrucƟon ExisƟng ExisƟng ExisƟng

Viesel Fuel, LLC

Stuart

FL

7.2

Waste vegetable oil

ExisƟng

Virginia Biodiesel Re nery, LLC

West Point

VA

8

Soybean oil, yellow grease

160

W2 Fuel - Adrian

Adrian

MI

20

ExisƟng

MulƟfeedstock

158

159 161

AL

ExisƟng

Animal fat, soybean oil

US Biofuels, Inc.

Vanguard Synfuels, LLC

157

Plant Status

MulƟfeedstock

2

155

156

ExisƟ Ɵng

10

ExisƟng

Crawfordsville

IA

10

Soybean oil

ExisƟng

Walsh Bio Fuels, LLC

Mauston

WI

5

Corn oil

ExisƟng

Washakie Renewable Energy, LLC

Plymouth

UT

22

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

164

Western Dubuque Biodiesel, LLC

Farley

IA

33

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

165

Western Iowa Energy, LLC

166

White Mountain Biodiesel, LLC

167

Yokayo Biofuels, Inc.

Wall Lake

IA

North Haverhill

NH

Ukiah

CA

30

MulƟfeedstock

5.5

ExisƟng

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

Waste vegetable oil

ExisƟng

Under ConstrucƟ Ɵon Total Capacity of ExisƟng Plants

0.5

2,577

Total Capacity of Under ConstrucƟon Plants

317

Canadian Biodiesel Plants # 168

Plant Name Archer Daniels Midland Co. - Lloydminster

City Lloydminster

Province AB

169

Bifrost Bio-Blends, Ltd.

Arborg

MB

170

Biofuel Weiss, Inc.

Mount Uniacke

171

Biox Corp.

172

Capacity (MMly) 265 4

NS

Feedstock Canola oil

Plant Status ExisƟng

Canola oil

26

ExisƟng

MulƟfeedstock

Under ConstrucƟon

Hamilton

ON

67

Animal fat

ExisƟng

Cowichan Biodiesel Co-op

Duncan

BC

0.2

Waste vegetable oil

ExisƟng

173

Flax Energy

Toronto

ON

16.4

Flax seed oil

ExisƟng

174

General Bio Energy, Inc.

Canola oil

ExisƟng

175

Great Lakes Biodiesel, LLC

Soybean oil

ExisƟng

176

Innoltek, Inc.

Theƞord Mines

QC

2

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

177

Kyoto Fuels Corp.

Lethbridge

AB

66

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

178

ExisƟ Ɵng

Regina

SK

Welland

Methes Energies Canada, Inc. - Mississuaga

Mississauga

179

Milligan Biofuels, Inc.

Foam Lake

180

QFI Biodiesel, Inc.

St. Jean S. Richelieu

QC

181

Rothsay Biodiesel, LLC

Ville St. Catherine

QC

ExisƟ Ɵng

20

ON

170

ON

5

SK

76

Total Capacity of ExisƟng Plants

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

Nonfood-grade canola oil

ExisƟng

19

MulƟfeedstock

ExisƟng

45

Animal fat, yellow grease

ExisƟng

755

Total Capacity of Under ConstrucƟon Plants

26

ExisƟng Renewable, Cellulosic Diesel Plants

Exis ExisƟ Ɵng #

182

Plant Name

City

State

Diamond Green Diesel

St. Charles

LA

183

Dynamic Fuels, LLC

Geismar

LA

184

KiOR, Inc.

Columbus

MS

Capacity (MMgy)

Feedstock

Energy Product

Animal fat, used cooking oil

Renewable diesel

75

Animal fat, vegetable oil, greases

Renewable diesel

13

Pine wood chips

Cellulosic diesel

137

Total Capacity of ExisƟng Renewable, Cellulosic Diesel Plants

Emergent Green Energy

Minneola

KS

1.2

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng

50

Ethos AlternaƟ Ɵve Energy

Meridian

MS

5

MulƟ Mul Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng

51

Evans Environmental Energies, Inc.

Wilson

NC

3

Animal fat, soybean oil

ExisƟng Ɵng ExisƟ

52

Ever Cat Fuels, LLC

IsanƟ Ɵ

MN

3

MulƟ Mul Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng Ɵng

53

Evergreen Renewables, LLC

Hammond

IN

5

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

54

Extreme Biodiesel, Inc.

Corona

CA

2

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng Ɵng

55

Felda IFFCO, LLC

CincinnaƟ Ɵ

OH

60

Soybean oil

Exis Ɵng ExisƟ

56

Filter Specialty, Inc.

Autryville

NC

1

Soybean oil, yellow grease

ExisƟ Ɵng

57

FL Biofuels, LLC

Fort Myers

FL

4.5

Waste vegetable oil

ExisƟ ExisƟng Ɵng

58

Foothills Bio-Energies, LLC

Lenoir

NC

5

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng

59

Fuel: Bio One, LLC

Elizabeth

NJ

50

Animal fat, yellow grease

ExisƟ Ɵng

60

FutureFuel Chemical Co.

61

General Biodiesel, Inc.

SeaƩle Ʃle SeaƩ

WA

10

Mul Ɵfeedstock Ɵ MulƟ feedstock

Exis Ɵng ExisƟ

62

Genuine Bio - Fuel, Inc.

Indiantown

FL

9.2

Waste vegetable oil, tallow

ExisƟ Ɵng

Batesville

AR

60

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng Ɵng

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ ExisƟng

ExisƟng

MulƟfeedstock

W2 Fuel - Crawfordsville

162

163

ExisƟ Ɵng

49

63

Gen-X Energy Group, Inc.

WA

6

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

64

Global AlternaƟ Ɵve Fuels, LLC

El Paso

TX

18

Used cooking oil

Exis Ɵng ExisƟ

65

Global Fuels, LLC

Dexter

Moses Lake

MO

5

Animal fat, soybean oil

ExisƟng Ɵng ExisƟ

ConstrucƟ Under Construc Ɵon

66

Golden Leaf Energy, LLC

Harvey

LA

2.2

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

Exis Ɵng ExisƟ

67

Green Earth Fuels of Houston, LLC

Houston

TX

90

MulƟ Ɵfeedstock

ExisƟ Exis Ɵng

68

Green Energy Products, LLC

Sedgwick

KS

2

Corn oil

Under ConstrucƟ Ɵon

225

ExisƟ ExisƟng

The Largest Biomass Conference in North America

Plant Name

Mississippi Investment Petroleum Co. LLC-Houston

Houston

98

Natural Biodiesel Plant, LLC

HayƟ Ɵ

MO

99

New Leaf Biofuel, LLC

San Diego

CA

100

Newport Biodiesel, Inc.

Newport

RI

101

North Star Biofuels, LLC

Redwood City

CA

102

Northeast Biodiesel, LLC

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MA

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U.S. & Canada Biodiesel Plant Map 2014

OURCE

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Exis Ɵng ExisƟ

Exis Ɵng Ɵng ExisƟ

Under Construc Ɵon ConstrucƟ

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Exis ExisƟ Ɵng Ɵng

5

Mul Ɵfeedstock MulƟ

Exis Ɵng Ɵng ExisƟ

6

Yellow grease

ExisƟ ExisƟng Ɵng

2

Yellow grease

ExisƟ ExisƟng Ɵng

15

MulƟfeedstock Ɵfeedstock MulƟ

Exis Ɵng Ɵng ExisƟ

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Yellow grease

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