Architecture

Mul$tasking façade. How to combine BIPV with passive solar mi$ga$on strategies in a high‐rise curtain wall system.

Federa$on of Korean Industries ‐ FKI Location: Seoul, South Korea Client: Federation of Korean Industries Program: office Area: 170,000 sm Height: 244m Floor above grade: 50 Typical floor area for tower: 2418 sm.

Location

Concept: BIPV as design catalyst for a high-rise building.

Optimization: Balancing BIPV and Human comfort.

Integration: Incorporating BIPV into a custom curtain wall design.

Concept: BIPV as design catalyst for a high-rise building.

- Site Constrains: Building Orientation and the contextual relationship to the predominantly orthogonal architecture of the Yeoido district of Seoul .

- Power generation requirements: The cities requirement that all new large scale commercial buildings generated a minimum of 5% of its energy on site.

- Incentives: FIT provided by local electric utility company (KEPCO)

Concept: BIPV as design catalyst for a high-rise building.

- Site Constrains: Building Orientation and the contextual relationship to the predominantly orthogonal architecture of the Yeoido district of Seoul .

- Power generation requirements: The cities requirement that all new large scale commercial buildings generated a minimum of 5% of its energy on site.

- Incentives: FIT provided by local electric utility company (KEPCO)

Concept: Site Constrains

Concept: Site Constrains

Concept: BIPV as design catalyst for a high-rise building.

- Site Constrains: Building Orientation and the contextual relationship to the predominantly orthogonal architecture of the Yeoido district of Seoul .

- Power generation requirements: The cities requirement that all new large scale commercial buildings generated a minimum of 5% of its energy on site.

- Incentives: FIT provided by local electric utility company (KEPCO)

New/Renewable Energy Generation Requirements Select systems that are certified as New/Renewable Energy by National accreditation organizations and apply those that are most practical and realistic for the building in terms of cost, constructability, and maintenance. systems that may apply:

Geothermal, Solar, Wind, Fuel-cell, Hydro.

- New/Renewable Energy should follow the chart below for allotment, and should have capacity to meet all items (construction cost, peak level, and total energy use).

Concept: Power generation requirements

ROOF AREA: 2,353 SM

SPANDREL AREA: 16,377 SM

Concept: Power generation requirements

Skylight System Roof Area: 2,353 SM Number of Cells: 46,145 6”x6” Monocrystalline silicon Energy: 155,000 kwh/yr

Total Energy produced kwh/yr: 844,000 mwh/yr: 8,400 Total Building Energy Consumption: 165,000 mwh/yr 8,400/16,500= 5% Wall System Spandrel Area: 16,377 SM Number of cells :211,863 6”x6” Monocrystalline silicon Energy: 559,500 kwh/yr

Concept: Power generation requirements

Concept: BIPV as design catalyst for a high-rise building.

- Site Constrains: Building Orientation and the contextual relationship to the predominantly orthogonal architecture of the Yeoido district of Seoul .

- Power generation requirements: The cities requirement that all new large scale commercial buildings generated a minimum of 5% of its energy on site.

- Incentives: FIT provided by local electric utility company (KEPCO)

Feed-in Tariff: ￌ 536 kwh $ 0.47 kwh 844,000 kwh/yr ($ .47 kwh )= $396,680

Concept: Incentives

Optimization: Balancing BIPV and Human comfort.

- Multitasking: Glare Reduction, Shading and Power Generation.

- Balance between the performance of the BIPV and Human comfort.

- Architectural Expression.

Optimization: Balancing BIPV and Human comfort.

- Multitasking: Glare Reduction, Shading and Power Generation.

- Balance between the performance of the BIPV and Human comfort.

- Architectural Expression.

Optimization: Multitasking

Optimization: Balancing BIPV and Human comfort.

- Multitasking: Glare Reduction, Shading and Power Generation.

- Balance between the performance of the BIPV and Human comfort.

- Architectural Expression.

The search for balance between the performance of the BIPV and Human comfort became a function of the relationship between the angle of the vision glass and the spandrel panel.

5%

10% Optimization: Balance

15%

The best performance was at the 15 degree slope. It saves nearly 4% of cooling load and over 20% of surface solar radiation.

Optimization: Balance

Optimization: Balancing BIPV and Human comfort.

- Multitasking: Glare Reduction, Shading and Power Generation.

- Balance between the performance of the BIPV and Human comfort.

- Architectural Expression.

10%

15% Optimization: Architecture Expression

10%

15% Optimization: Architecture Expression

Optimization: Architecture Expression

Optimization: Architecture Expression

Integration: Incorporating BIPV into a custom curtain wall design.

- BIPV Wall System Design - Roof System Design

Integration: Incorporating BIPV into a custom curtain wall design.

- BIPV Wall System Design: location, components, installation, and detailing.

- Roof System Design

Integration: Wall System Design

Wall system Design : Solar Analysis Integration: Wall System Design

South

West

Solar Analysis: Direct Radia$on Integration: Wall System Design

East

South

West

Solar Analysis: Total Radia$on Integration: Wall System Design

East

Wall system Design : panel components

Integration: Wall System Design

Wall system Design : PV panel count

150,000 kwh/yr

Integration: Wall System Design

Wall system Design : installation

Integration: Wall System Design

Wall system Design : installation

Integration: Wall System Design

Wall system Design : Detailing Integration: Wall System Design

Wall system Design : Detailing

Integration: Wall System Design

Integration: Incorporating BIPV into a custom curtain wall design.

- BIPV Wall System Design - Roof System Design: angle, components, and detailing.

Integration: Roof System Design

Roof system Design : optimization

Integration: Roof System Design

Solar Analysis: Direct Radiation

Integration: Roof System Design

Solar Analysis: Total Radiation

Integration: Roof System Design

December

March

June

September

Roof system Design : Shadow Studies

Integration: Roof System Design

Integration: Roof System Design

Roof Garden view looking north.

Integration: Roof System Design

Roof Garden view looking south.

Integration: Roof System Design

Roof Garden section and plan. 

Integration: Roof System Design

Roof system Design: Detailing

Integration: Roof System Design

150,000 kwh/yr

Roof system Design : PV panel count

Integration: Roof System Design

*based on mfg. estimate **assuming buyback rate of ￦536 krw / kwh

Use incen$ves provided by local electric u$lity company (KEPCO)

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