Grp7 related topics building automation system

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

Building Automa.on System (BAS)

SMART BUILDING

Rodney M .M. | 110028483 Danny Chung | 110038080 Leon Kioko | 110021036

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

What is a Smart Building?

“A new genera.on of buildings that almost think for themselves … called intelligent buildings.”

Such a building was defined as “a COMBINATION of two technologies—old-fashioned building management and telecommunica.ons.”

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

A centralized, networked system of hardware and

When facilities are monitored and controlled in a seamless

software that monitors and controls a building’s facility

fashion, tenants enjoy a more comfortable working

systems (electricity, lighting, plumbing, HVAC, water

environment and facility management benefits from

supply, etc.).

sustainable practices and reduced energy costs.

Building Automa.on?

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

THE FOUR CORE FUNCTIONS OF A BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM:

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TO CONTROL THE BUILDING’s ENVIRONMENT

TO OPERATE SYSTEMS ACCORDING TO OCCUPANCY AND ENERGY DEMAND

4 Core Func.ons

TO MONITOR AND CORRECT SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

TO ALERT OR SOUND ALARMS WHEN NEEDED

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

19th Cenrury Elementary tasks based on Human Capability & Flexibility

21st Century Integra9on of comprehensive Living Environment 20th Century Func9onal System Integra9on makes life easier

Infotainment Health care

Brief History The high technology concept of intelligent building systems was introduced in United States in early 1980’s.

Services and innova.ons entered the telecom marketplace the crea.on and emergence of the personal computer industry.

Key DRIVER : Broadband Connec.vity & Communica.ng Devices This era also spawned the ďŹ rst real connec.on between real estate developers and technology.

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

Electrical systems

2

Rewind—the old way of control:

Fast-forward 150 years:

Imagine a rugged, manual wood-burning

Intelligent controllers regulate heating

temperature or smoke output by heating a

room to a precise degree; then automatically

building with pure woodfire.

cool overnight.

WHAT IS MEANT BY “CONTROLLED”? stove. It is impossible to precisely regulate systems to set the temperature of a specific

The key component in a BAS is the controller—a small, specialized computer with various applications.

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Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems

Lighting systems

Mechanical systems

Controllers regulate the performance of various facilities Plumbing systems within the building. Traditionally, Today’s technology allows a building to learn from itself. A modern BAS monitors facility the following: systems, optimizes for maximum efficiency, remembers who enters which rooms atthis whatincludes times,

Aims of the Smart Building

and adjusts to conserve energy. That’s why automated buildings are called “smart buildings.”

Electrical systems

Today’s technology allows a building to learn from itself. A modern And they’re getting smarter all the time…

Rewind—the old way of control: Fast-forward 150 years: BAS monitors facility systems, op.mizes for maximum efficiency, Imagine a rugged, manual wood-burning Intelligent controllers regulate heating Heating, ventilation and remembers who enters which rooms at what .mes, and adjusts to stove.

It is impossible to precisely regulate systems to set the temperature of a specific air-conditioning systems temperature or smoke output by heating a room to a precise degree; then automatically conserve energy. building with pure woodfire.

cool overnight.

Security Systems

Surveillance Systems

BASIC BAS HAS FIVE ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS: BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS) BASIC BAS HAS FIVE ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS:

SENSORS SENSORS

Devices Devices that that measure measure values values such such as as CO2 CO2 output, output, temperature, temperature, humidity, humidity,

SENSORS daylight or daylightSENSORS or room room occupancy. occupancy.

Devices that measure values such as Devices that measure values such as CO2 output, temperature, humidity, CO2 output, temperature, humidity, daylight or room occupancy. daylight or room occupancy.

CONTROLLERS CONTROLLERS

The The brains brains of of the the systems systems that that take take data data from from sensors sensors and and decide decide how how

CONTROLLERS the system the system will will respond. respond.

CONTROLLERS The brains of the systems that take The brains of the systems that take data from sensors and decide how data from sensors and decide how the system will respond. the system will respond.

OUTPUT OUTPUT DEVICES DEVICES

These These carry carry out out the the commands commands from from the the controller. controller. Examples: Examples: relays relays and and

OUTPUT DEVICES actuators. actuators.

OUTPUT DEVICES

These carry out the commands from These carry out the commands from the controller. Examples: relays and the controller. Examples: relays and actuators. actuators.

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Example: BACnet.

PROTOCOLS

DASHBOARD OR USER INTERFACE data reported. data are are reported.

USER INTERFACE

How a Building Automa.on System Works The language spoken among the The language spoken among the components of the BAS. components of the BAS. Example: BACnet.

Example: BACnet.

Screens or interfaces humans use to Screens or interfaces humans use to interact with the BAS where building interact with the BAS where building data are reported. data are reported.

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

Tradi.onal Building Isolated Individual Systems

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

Intelligent Building

Combined systems hence reduces the inefficiencies in the design and construction process saving time and money

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS) Sets up lighting and HVAC systems to operate on an intelligent/efficient schedule.

Sets up lighting and HVAC Tells when HVAC is running systems to operate on an both heating and cooling, to intelligent/efficient schedule. reduce utility costs.

Sets up lighting Sets and up lighting HVAC and HVAC systems to operate systemson to an operate on an intelligent/efficient intelligent/efficient schedule. schedule.

Tells when HVAC is running both heating and cooling, to reduce utility costs.

Identifies who and when someone is entering and leaving a building.

Tells when Tells HVACwhen is running HVAC is running both heating both andheating cooling, and to cooling, to reduce utility reduce costs. utility costs.

Coordinates components and facilities to work together for greater efficiency.

Coordinates components and Senses emergencies and facilities to work together for turns off facilities that greater efficiency. could endanger occupants.

CoordinatesCoordinates componentscomponents and and facilities to facilities work together to work fortogether for greater efficiency. greater efficiency.

Senses emergencies and Alerts cameras, records turns off facilities that activity, sends alarm and could endanger occupants. data to a security team.

Alerts cameras, records activity, sends alarm and data to a security team.

Senses emergencies Senses emergencies and and Alerts cameras, Alertsrecords cameras, r turns off facilities turns offthat facilities that activity, sends activity, alarm sends and al could endanger couldoccupants. endanger occupants. data to a security data to team. a securit

Optimizes incoming air flow to regulate air quality, temperature and comfort.

Optimizes incoming air flow to regulate air quality, temperature and comfort.

Detects problems (elevator stuck with people inside) and sends an alert.

Optimizes incoming Optimizesair incoming air flow to regulate flow to airregulate quality, air quality, temperature temperature and comfort. and comfort.

WHAT “BAS” CAN DO

Detects problems (elevator stuck with people inside) and sends an alert.

Identifies who and when someone is entering and leaving a building.

Identifies who Identifies and when who an someone issomeone entering is and ente leaving a building. leaving a buildin

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68º

Detects problems Detects(elevator problems (elevator stuck with stuck peoplewith inside) people inside) and sends and an alert. sends an alert.

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68º

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

BASIC PRINCIPLES & CASE STUDIES

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

Rooftop

Typical hotel/ apartment floor

Sample Layout of BAS system Typical Mixed Use Office / Hotel Building

Air-conditioning

Floor controller

Room 1

Room 2

Room n

Typical office floor

Office 1

Office 2

Office n

Typical shop floor

Shop 1

Shop 2

Shop n

Basement

Main switch

Ventilation and heating, hot water generation

BMS

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

Use In Room Automa.on Typical Office Room

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

Case Study 1, In design applica.on Al-Bahr Towers, Abu Dhabi, Clad with a unique dynamic shading system meant to reduce the buildings’ solar gain by 50 percent, the towers manages to test the limits of responsive design. The facade features a system inspired by the tradi.onal Islamic lamcework, mashrabiya, which is completely computerized to adjust to changing weather condi.ons.

Case Study 4, In design applica.on NASA Sustainability Base in Moffet Field, California by William McDonough Partners, The crescent-shaped building boasts an intelligent control technology inspired by the agency’s Avia.on Safety Program that provides guidance control for aircraus. This technology was used to control different zones within the building and provide real-.me data about the airflow through the en.re structure.

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

In design applica.on

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS)

REFERENCES 7 Intelligent Buildings That Prove Digitally Driven Design Works (Dec 2, 2014). Accessed March 5, 2017. htp://archi.zer.com/blog/7-intelligent-buildings-that-prove-digitally-driven-design-works

Control Solu.ons Inc.(n.d). ULTIMATE GUIDE TO BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS). htp://controlyourbuilding.com/blog/entry/the-ul.mate-guide-to-building-automa.on (Accessed, March 5, 2017)

Beckhoff (n.d). Integrated Building Automa.on Solu.ons, For Investors, Planners and Technicians.

Accessed, March 4, 2017. htp://www.beckhoff.com

htp://www.amazon.com/Buildings-Systems-Architects-Owners-Builders/dp/1856176533 (Accessed, March 2, 2017).

htp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_automa.on (Accessed, March 2, 2017).

htp://www.smart-buildings.com/ (Accessed, March 1, 2017)