University of the Philippines College of Architecture
A Journey to the Issue of
Bryll Edison Par Student - Integrated Graduate Program (IGP)Automobile Dependency Transportation Efficiency and Connectivity
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Contents Automobile Dependency Key Stakeholders Urban Design Intervention Intended Outcome Bibliography 01 07 15 17 21
University of the Philippines College of Architecture
What is Automobile Dependency?
Automobile dependency refers to the transportation patterns that favor automobile accessibility which includes cars, vans, light trucks, SUVs, and motorcycles. It is also known as automobile-oriented transportation and land use pattern.
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Source: Victoria Transport Policy Institute A Journey to the Issue of Automobile Dependency
of Automobile Dependency Unplanned Urban Sprawl Regulations and Policies Focus on Vehicle Centric Roads Safety and Security in Travel Lack of Idea on its Consequences 01 02 03 04 05
Image Source:
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Causes
University of the Philippines College of Architecture
Yun Xuan Poon | GovInsider
Effects
to the Community 01 Reduces accessibility and mobility. (e.g., Traffic Congestion, and Travel Option) 02 Increased Carbon Emissions lead to Environmental problems (e.g., pollutions). 03 Road Crashes due to accidents, irresponsible driving, signages, and others.
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University of the Philippines College of Architecture
due to Automobile Dependency
potential income per day.
Source: Lecciones, A. (2021). Green Cities. Hex Talks
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Image Source: Jolene Torres | Unsplash
Pollution Due to Automobile Dependency
Ambient (outdoor) air pollution in both cities and rural areas is causing fine particulate matter which results in strokes, heart diseases, lung cancer, and acute and chronic respiratory diseases.
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Image Source: Joey Deriquito | Autodeal Source: World Health Organization
Contribution to the number of Road Crashes
the
Authority (PSA), Registered deaths attributed to transport accidents per year is 8
A
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Source: psa.gov.ph According to
Philippine Statistics
thousand (2020 Record). Image Source: (From Left) Philkotse.com, CNN Philippines,
Journey to the Issue of Automobile Dependency
University of the Philippines College of Architecture
Interventions
Proposed Mitigating Practices for the Identified Issue
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Urban Design Interventions to Mitigate the effects of Automobile Dependency Creating Balance Between Vehicular-centric Road Networks and Active Transport Infrastructures Information dissemination regarding policies and rules that helps mitigate the issue using the social media Provide programs and activities that support and promote nonmotorized transportation Encouraging telework among companies and online learning among schools to lessen traffic congestion Engage in community assessments and research activities to gather data that will help solve this issue A Journey to the Issue of Automobile Dependency | Page 8
Possible
Improvement of Active Transport Infrastructures
Active transport includes all forms of travel that do not rely on an engine or motor for movement (e.g., walking and bicycle and using small-wheeled transport like skates, skateboards, push scooters, hand carts, and wheelchairs).
Image Source: Par, B.E.C., and Pardo, C.F. Article Source: Yazid, M, & Ladim, M. (2015)
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A Journey to the Issue of
Information Dissemination Through Social Media
The last few years have seen a burgeoning of social media such as Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn, and newer methods of dissemination such as podcasts and webinars.
University of the Philippines College of Architecture
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Source: Narayanaswami, P., Gronseth, G., Dubinsky, R., Penfold Murray, R., Cox, J., Bever, C., Martins, Y., Rheaume, C., Shouse, D., & Getchius, T. (2015)
Programs that Promote Non-motorized Transportation
Source: Victoria Transport Policy Institute (2017)
Improve walking and cycling conditions on existing roadways (Lagerwey, et al. 2015).
Cycling and walking events and activities, particularly on trails and cycling routes.
Cycling and walking commute campaigns. These often involve contests as to which workers and worksites commute most by non motorized modes.
Bicycle Parking and clothes changing facilities at worksites, transportation terminals and other destinations.
Education programs that teach cycling skills.
Improve walking and cycling safety through Traffic Calming, Streetscaping and Complete Streets policies (Ernst and Shoup 2009).
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Provide cycling maps that show recommended cycling routes and facilities, roadway conditions (shoulders, traffic volumes, special barriers to cycling, etc.) hills, recreational facilities, and other information helpful to cyclists.
Public Bike Systems provide convenient rental bicycles for short utilitarian trips.
Pedways, which are indoor urban walking networks that connect buildings and transportation terminals.
Tourist promotion materials highlighting cycling and walking.
CyclingProvide Wayfinding and Multi-Modal Navigation Tools such as maps and other information on how to walk and cycle to a particular destination. and walking events and activities, particularly on trails and cycling routes.
Source: Victoria Transport Policy Institute (2017)
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Encouragement of Telework Education Online Learning Hybrid Gathering and Activities Webinars Alternate Work Mode Work From Home Setup A Journey to the Issue of Automobile Dependency | Page 13
Engaging in research activities that aim to improve transport system
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University of the Philippines College of Architecture
Key Stakeholders
The international standard providing guidance on social responsibility, called ISO 26000, defines a stakeholder as an "individual or group that has an interest in any decision or activity of an organization."
Source: Asq.org
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Key Stakeholders
Government and Policy Makers - It will help in analyzing the situation and finding potential solutions to mitigate the problem.
The Private Sector - Eradicating congestion and mobility problem that causes the loss of billions of pesos per day.
Ordinary Citizens Results of interventions will provide ease and comfort in travel, reduce pollution beneficial for health, and increase overall productivity.
A
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University of the Philippines College of Architecture
Journey to the Issue of Automobile Dependency
Intended Outcome of the Proposed Interventions
Source:
Safety, Security, Convenience, Comfort, and Overall Quality Improvement of the Urban Environment of Philippine Cities and its Emerging Urban Centers Aligned with the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals.
United Nations Foundation A Journey to the Issue of Automobile Dependency | Page 17
University of the Philippines College of Architecture A
Urban Design Principles
An Urban Life Centered on
Happiness,
Equity
Vision for a Resilient, Inclusive, Connected, and Healthy City for Filipinos of our Generation and the Future
Inclusivity, and
A
the Issue
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Journey to
of
University of the Philippines College of
Thank you! For questions and clarifications, please email me at: epar.architect@gmail.com
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Architecture
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University of the Philippines College of Architecture
Asq.org (n.d.). What are stakeholders? Quality Resources
Lecciones, A. (2021). Green Cities. Hex Talks
Narayanaswami, P., Gronseth, G., Dubinsky, R., Penfold-Murray, R., Cox, J., Bever, C., Martins, Y., Rheaume, C., Shouse, D., & Getchius, T. (2015). The impact of social media on dissemination and implementation of clinical practice guidelines: A longitudinal observational study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 17(8), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.4414
Philippine Statistics Authority (2021). Causes of deaths in the Philippines (preliminary): January to December 2020. Press Releases
Online TDM Encyclopedia (2017). Walking and cycling encouragement: Strategies that encourage people to use non motorized transportation. Victoria Transport Policy Institute
Online TDM Encyclopedia (2019). Automobile Dependency. Victoria Transport Policy Institute
United Nations Foundation (n.d.). Sustainable Development Goals
World Health Organization (n.d.). Air Pollution. Health Topics
Yazid, M. & Ladim, M. (2015). Urban design and active transport. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 4(3), 132
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135.
References
