Amit Angane_High Performance Technology_Concept Presentation

connecting the d ts “site analysis� research question? architectural manifesto ! masterplan

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amit angane

z5124045 high performance technology

CITY SCALE ANALYSIS 2 2

Every weekday in metropolitan Sydney people make around

seven million journeys that are shorter than two kilometres. More than three million of these short trips are walk only trips and a further three million are travelled by car. Many short car trips could be replaced with walking trips.

- nsw government

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TOWARDS CIRCULAR QUAY

PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC LIMITED TO RETAIL ZONES

KING ST

LOW LEVEL OF EVENING TRAFFIC

The gereral walking pattern shows that the highest concentrations of Most of the pedestrian traffic is limited to Pitt Street retail Mall and As compared to daytime traffic, sydney fares poorly during the evening. pedestrians are to be found in the retail core of Pitt’s street Mall, George George Street and fails to connect through the spine of George Street A majority of the shops close down between 8 - 9pm and a bulk of the Street (between Market and King street), Martin Place, southern part to the Rocks and Circular Quay.2 population exits the City Centre.3 of George street and Brodway near Central Station. The Northern end of George Street along with Circular Quay and the pedestrain plaza which connects to the Sydney Opera House are the most pedestrian populated areas in the CBD.1

2. Flux in pedestrian traffic at Pitt street mall - from Central towards Circular quay PITT ST

LESS PEDESTRIANS AS COMPARED TO OTHER CITIES

pitt street retail mall

PITT ST

“a city laid out for business ; not for pleasure walks”

KING ST

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CASTLEREAG

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H ST

GEORGE ST

1. Concentration of pedestrian movements in the CBD

PITT ST

MARKET ST

Summer Weekday Evening 6pm - 12am

Summer Weekend Morning 8am - 6pm

Summer Weekend Evening 6pm - 12am

Sydney has failed to develop on the lines of a pedestrian friendly city such as Copenhagen

LACK OF TRANFER OF PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC THROUGH PUBLIC PRECINCTS Pedestrian traffic in the CBD is concentrated at retail zones such as Pitt Street retail mall. However, this traffic fails to make its way through to Circular Quay and the harbour along this North - South dominanat axis. Concentration of pedestration movement diminishing towards circular quay due to the lack of active street frontages can be seen in the diagram (right).

MARKET ST

PITT ST

Summer Weekday Morning 8am - 6pm

FROM CENTRAL STATION

pedestrian priority - underground vs street level

slow movement along the east - west corridor 3. Underground pedestrian corridors in the CBD.

INTRICATE NETWORK OF UNDERGROUND WALKWAYS

GETTING ACROSS

The city can be traversed underground, or at least without confronting vehicles, all the way from south of Bathurst Street to Chifley Square and mid-Macquarie Street. If the authorities cared to excavate a link from Chifley Square to Pitt Street, just two blocks away, the network would reach northern York Street. An extension further west to Clarence and Kent Streets and Barangaroo South is already in the pipeline. With another short addition from Jamieson Street, it could get to Circular Quay.4

The functional grid of the city has been aligned along the North-South axis. In Sydney, the focus has been on vehicular traffic and ways of facilitating car movements so that the pedestrians have gradually become a category of secondary city users who face many hardships and experience both great difficulties and real danger whern choosing to walk in the city.5

TO W N

ORTH LN L HA

GEO RG E

WY NY

Inorder to evaluate the walking quality offered, 6 test walks were carried out. In each case ordinary walking speed was maintained and the walking time as well as the waiting time at traffic intersections was recorded. the conclusion of the tests is that waiting time at crossings is a substantial problem in Sydney. The test walks show a general delay of 30-50% in th east-west streets and about 20% in the north-south streets. A similar survey carried out in Adelaide 2002 showed an average delay of about 16%.7

45,000

RTH NO

GE OR G

NO RT H

D AR

E

ST

ET RE

TEST WALKS

APDG BARANGAROO MARTIN PL

ACE 7 7

30%

WAITING TIME

38%

WAITING TIME

Signal free pedestrian walks are only possible underground

DARLING HARBOUR TUMBALONG PARK

HYDE PARK

HYDE PARK SOUTH

33%

WAITING TIME

WAITING TIME

Proposed pedestrian link Underground Pedestrian corridors

WAITING TIME

52%

19%

Underground Pedestrian Traffic Street Level Pedestrian Traffic

ROYAL BOTANICAL GARDENS

5. Percentage of walking time spent waiting at signals

Push buttons have been installed all over Australia, In order to cross a street, after pressing this digital device, it will give you about 7 to 10 seconds beforethe lights starts to blink red to tell you to finish walking across the road. Red periods are often long lasting between 60 and 90 seconds. On a busy city street, this leads to accumulation of about 30-40 people at the crossings which interferes with the footpath pedestrian circulation.6

U TH

78,000

An intricate network of underground walkways suggests that inorder to have a signal free walk, you have to use the underground level as opposed to the street level.

Disconnecting with the ground plane compromises on the quality of the walk. The city has been baised towards vehicular traffic and this needs to change.

THE ROCKS

GREATER WAIT TIMES FOR PEDESTRIANS

T SO EE

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4. Comparison of pedestrian movement at street level and in the underground

R ST

VEHICLES DOMINANT OVER PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC 6

6. Key East West Corridors

17%

WAITING TIME

Walking Tests

On average you spent 40% of your walking time waiting at signals

Key connections

disconnected public and green spaces 9. Disconnected green spaces

MISSING LINKS IN THE PEDESTRIAN NETWORK

DAWES POINT PARK

Although, Sydney has a fair amount of green space in the City Centre (74,000 m2) there tends to be weak connections in between them. The existing open spaces are scattered across the city and although they cover most of the City Centre they do not constitute a connected network for users to enjoy.

The most important spaces are Martin Place, Pitt Street Mall, Sydney Square and Circular Quay. These make up the spine of Sydney’s open spaces. Still all of them have their limitations; Martin Place consists of 5 individual parts interrupted by vehicular traffic, Pitt Street Mall is only a 200 metre stretch, Sydney Square is a limited sized space and is partly sunken, while Circular Quay has an outstanding setting, it suffers from weak connections to the city due to the Cahill Expressway.8

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BARANGAROO NORTH OBSERVATORY HILL PARK

8. Public Spaces ROYAL BOTANICAL GARDENS

WYNYARD PARK

LACK OF PUBLIC SPACE HIERARCHY

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Sydney’s city Centre has a number of quite similar open spaces, not only in size but also in function and layout.9

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COMPARISON : COPENHAGEN HYDE PARK

Copenhagen has turned a car oriented city into a people friendly by a step by step process over 40 years. The development has involved stopping the through traffic, reducing the number of car parking spaces in the centre and increasing the space set aside for pedestrian activities.10 7. Increase in the area of public streets and squares in Copenhagen

TUMBALONG PARK

BELMORE PARK 1962 : Public promenede 15,800m2

1973 : Connected most important locations in the city centre 49,200m2

2005 : Network of car free streets and squares 99,770m2

Public Green Spaces

There is a need to string these public networks together to form a better interconnected city centre

CIRCULAR QUAY ANALYSIS

“Where the city meets the harbour”

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‘Circular Quay is the only transit interchange in Sydney which connects all modes of transport at one location’

Circular Quay has been extensively used as an important node of the Sydney transit chain across history right from 1916 when steam trams ran across Alfred street to the 2019 vision when light rail will be introduced to match the demand for an efficient public transit system.

1916

11. Transit Interchange Map

-0.6 M LVL

1923

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1923

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13

+10 M LVL 1948 1948

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0 M LVL

0 M LVL

2019 2019

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Bus

Metro

Light Rail

Cycle

Train

Ferry

12. Transit Interchange Illustration

the most frequent interchange is between circular quay station and the ferries 13. Examples of transit interchange between ferries, train and light rail

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MANLY TO EASTERN SUBRUBS

+

Ferry

MANLY TO INNER WEST & SOUTH

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Walk —

+

Bus

Ferry

+

Walk

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Bus

Metro

Light Rail

Train

Ferry

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Escalator —

PARAMATTA TO WORK +

Train

Ferry

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Walk —

Light Rail

OVERSEAS CRUISE TO HOME +

Ferry

+

Walk —

Bus

The promenade : Transit Interchange or Sunday stroll?

14. Pedestrain movement comparison - Weekday vs Weekend estimated population with 20% growth

15. Overlap of Pedestrain movements of people going to work and tourists

32,788

No. of Pedestrians

IDENTITY CONCERNS Circular Quay fails to establish itself majorly as a transit interchange or a tourist attraction and ‘Gateway to Sydney’. There is no clear distinction between these roles which leads to chaos and congestion on weekends

CHAOTIC CIRCULATION

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Time

WEEKDAY AT CIRCULAR QUAY

(The following data analysis was carried out by Jahn Gehl Architects on a summer weekday (Tuesday/Wednesday) in March 2007 on an hourly basis)

estimated population with 20% growth

54,180

No. of Pedestrians

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Time

WEEKEND AT CIRCULAR QUAY

There is an estimated increase in footfall by 65% on weekends.

(The following data analysis was carried out by Jahn Gehl Architects on a summer weekend (Saturday) in March 2007 on an hourly basis)

The Sydney CBD work force arrive at Circular Quay via the ferries and the train station. They tend to follow a North- South path to commute to the commercial core of the city. The tourists and the elderly who use circular quay for leisure activities tend to move more along the EastWest corridor (The Rocks, Customs House, Sydney Opera House, Royal Botanical gardens). This friction of cross pedestrian movements leads to chaos.

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INCREASED PRESSURE ON WEEKENDS Circular Quay is used throughout the day, every month of every year by people of all generations. People visit to play, work and commute. Due to the inreased demand on weekends which witnesses a 65% increase in pedestrian flow as compared to weekdays, there is a need to distinguish the transit and social promenade. A need for an alternate ground plane is necessary.

There is a need to segregate transit and leisure

Work force movements Tourist movements Commercial Core

Cahill Expressway - Sydney’s eyesore ‘how the harbour looks from the city’

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“The expressway’s location reveals the all-hail dominance of mobility in mid- century Sydney, its design avoids any hint of the dynamic, ditching the urgent aesthetic of the moment for dull municipal togs that belie its function as well as its moment in history”- Elizabeth Farrelly,2002

Former prime minister Paul Keating raised a proposal to demolish the Cahill Expressway

High Level Expressway proposed and made public in 1948

1945

Premier Mike Baird acknowledges the problem, but claims operating on the expressway is out of budget

1993 1958

Cahill Expressway was built over Circular Quay Station

2016

2008 Sydney Lord Mayor, Clover Moore, suggests that the road should be pulled down for aesthetic arguments

2017

?

Cahill Expressway still stands 19 19

“With the (Sydney Harbour) tunnel we have already removed a lot of the traffic,”- Traffic consultant Ken Dobinson.

‘how the city looks from the harbour’

“This road is no longer a pivotal piece of our road architecture and it is such a scar on the city,” -

Richard Francis-Jones, a Sydney architect

“Removal of the expressway would reconnect the city with the harbour and strike the right balance between open space, public space and commercial space,”- Graham Jahn, The Director of City Planning, Development and Transport for the City of Sydney, If the Cahill Expressway and the monumental granite architectural centrepiece were removed and replaced with minimal glazed canopies over the platforms, the public realm and station would be given a new life and the city would better engage with the harbour”- Philip Thalis, Public Sydney

16. Urban ill effects of the Cahill Expressway

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17. Section through the Harbour, Cahill Expressway and the Custom’s House.

VISUAL BLOCKAGE

DIVISION OF GROUND PLANE

DIVISION OF PUBLIC SPACES

Cahill Expressway acts a barrier and blocks views to the harbour from George, Pitt, Young and Loftus streets

Alfred street is a public transport street squeezed in between the embankment and the city. It fails to embrace the idea of a unified ground plane merging Alfred street and the wharfes.

Cahill Express creates a rift between the Royal Botanical Gardens, Museum of Conemporary Art and the Custom’s House.

bury it!

transfer it!

remove it!

retain it?

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at a glance.....

How can we retain, refurbish and recycle infrastructure to connect cities, interlink green spaces and inspire an architectural ideal?

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How can we make Sydney, a city pleasurable for walking?

How can we link all the green and public spaces in the city?

How can we deal with the Cahill Expressway sustainably?

How can we distinguish the transit and leisure movements?

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PRECEDENT STUDIES 24 24

new york, high line promenade plante, paris london high line baricentre railway, italy chenggyecheon stream restoration project, seoul la vinea verde, mexico seun city walk, korea

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GREENED HIGH LINE 2009 (1) -2011(2) - 2012 (3)

PROMENADE PLANTE, PARIS COMPLETED IN 1986 2. AMIT ANGANE Z5124045 / HIGH PERFORMANCE RESEARCH STUDIO SEMESTER 1 2017

RUSTED, ABONDONED, NEGLECTED HIGH LINE 1980 - 2003 26

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refurbishing elevated corridors all around the world

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from an elevated rust to an architecture inspiring marvel

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ARCHITECTURE INSPIRED AFTER THE COMPLETION OF THE HIGH LINE

520 West 28th Street Zaha Hadid

The Eleventh BIG

Design Competition held in Sept 2014 Inspired by Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens

LONDON HIGH-LINE RENDERS BY ERECT ARCHITECTS & J&L GIBBONS LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS

HL23 Neil Denari

Whitney Museum Renzo Piano

Solar Carve Tower Jeanne Gang

IGA Headquarters Frank Gehry

100 11th Avenue Jean Nouvel

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restoring biodiversity and reducing the heat island effect RISE IN DEVELOPMENT

priority : pedestrian over cars

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CHEONGGYCHEON, SEOUL BEFORE - AFTER

a crime fighting green space LA VINEA VERDE, MEXICO - SCAR ON THE CITY BECOMES A SAVIOUR TO FIGHT CRIME 3. AMIT ANGANE Z5124045 / HIGH PERFORMANCE RESEARCH STUDIO SEMESTER 1 2017

PRECEDENT - RECYCLE INFRASTRUCTURE

cahill walkway 30

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ARCHITECTURAL MANIFESTO 32 32

My project intends to : retain and refurbish the cahill expressway connect important public precints : MCA, Customs house and the Sydney Opera House interlink the green spaces : First Fleet park and the Royal Botanical Gardens provide a pleasurable walking experience in the city restore the belief that ‘Circular Quay belongs to the city’ and end its dominance by vehicular mobility

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existing problems....

proposed strategies....

!! !!

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CAHILL EXPRESSWAY : A BARRIER

UNFAVORABLE FOR WALKING

CAHILL DIVIDES PUBLIC PARKS

CAHILL DIVIDES PUBLIC SPACES

RETAIN & GREEN IT

The Cahill expressway blocks the city from the harbour.

Alfred street is surrounded by transit which creates noise pollution and degrades the ambience for pleasure walks.

Cahill Expressway creates a rift between First Fleet park and the Royal Botanical Gardens. There is an entrance at the botanical garden end but none near the fleet park.

It acts as a barrier in a cultural rich environment breaching visual connectivity between the Customs House, MCA and the Sydney Opra House.

Greening the Cahill expressway can breathe new life into a public spaces dominated by vehicular mobility for decades.

LEISURE ON TOP; TRANSIT AT THE BOTTOM The green walkway will restore activities at Alfred street without the transit chaos

CONNECT PUBLIC PARKS

CONNECT PUBLIC SPACES

The walkway will act as a bridge between the public parks and improve the green network.

The elevated platform will enable visitors to get a complete view of the harbour.

existing scenerio

proposed view

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dire need for vertical greenery

poor interlink between public spaces and green cover 21. Overlap of Pedestrain movements of people going to work and tourists

IMPROVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HIGH RISES AND THE GROUND PLANE Sydney’CBD is on its way for a vertical sprawl with the current height restrictions being uplifted to 310m. In this race of building tall, we often compromise on the green cover necesssary to sustain a community and healthy life. It is important for each individual to be in the vicinity of quality green spaces. Vertical greenery is the need of the hour

NETWORK OF COMMUNITY SPACES A number of public plazas and streets are uniformly spread across the CBD. However they fail to be in the vicinity of green spaces and public parks. Barring Circular Quay and the Australian Museum, none of the public streets and spaces aling within a walking radius of 200m from the public parks.

20. Importance of Vertical Greenery

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GREENERY RESTRICTED TO PUBLIC PARKS

ALTERNATE GROUND PLANES

Sydney’s CBD boats of a decent area of green space (74,000 sq.m). But buildings getting higher, the connection with the ground plane is getting distant with each passing day.

Pseudo ground levels spread across a high rise building can develop a sense of community living at such heights.

connect public spaces and green cover to create a network of community spaces

Work force movements Tourist movements Commercial Core

SITE - APDG

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23. Site Plan

24. Section through APDG Site and the Harbour

ALFRED STRE

apdg

ET

The site gets it’s name from the four streets surrounding it - Alfred, Pitt, Dalley and George. It is located among a historic and cultural rich precinct among The Rocks, Custom’s house, First Fleet Park, Museum of Contemporary Art, Circular Quay and Sydney Opera House. With the upcoming Light Rail Project proposed on George street, there are numerous oppurtunities on this site to engage with the transit interchange such as retail, hospitality and cultural exchange.

110m 185m 185m

238m 238m

RUG

BY

Podium Maximum Floor Plate

110m

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STREET

Block Boundary 3m rear/side boundary setback

248m 248m

GEORGE

42

CE

110m

Tower Maximum Floor Plate Site Boundary

PLA

6m laneway setback 8m podium setback

OOD

ERW UND

22. Key Site Plan

REET

ST

200m 200m

55m

THE ROCKS

55m 55m

155m 155m

CIRCULAR QUAY

TREET

DALLEY S

SITE

ROYAL BOTANICAL GARDENS

PITT STREET

Street Frontage Floor Plate

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site opportunities

25. Diagrams exploring the site potentials.

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L

T

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B

EMBRACE TRANSIT INTERCHANGE

BETTER VIEWS

CONNECT THE GREEN ACROSS BOTH AXIS

PRIMARY ROUTE FOR PEDESTRIANS

Circular Quay is the amalgamation of all transit options in the city. The site would benefit from opening up the ground plane. Retail and restaurants would further enhance the economic returns.

The site has views to the Sydney Opera House and the Harbour bridge even from the ground plane. Some adjacent sites such as AMP Precinct lack this opportunity has its views below 40M are blocked by

The APDG precinct presents with the opportunity to connect First Fleet Park to the site. This results in greenery being connected along both, north - south (Fleet Park and Royal Botanical Gardens) and east - west (Fleet Park and the site).

The site sits between Pitt street and George street. Both these streets have active street frontages to encourage pedestrian mobility which benefits the site.

27. Key Context Plan

contextual response

building program 28.Zoning Diagrams

a linear museum The site is surrounded by historic and cultural monuments. Cahill walkway will embrace the idea of a linear museum with each section telling a story of the site adjacent to it, for example : the section opposite the Rocks will date back to the time when convict settlements were established and gradually take the visitor through time to its present day form and fabric. Further it can point out directly to certain spots such as Gallows Hill (the hill where people gathered to watch hangings) where Essex Street stands today. The Museum will paint a picture over time and accustom visitors to Sydney’s foundation.

Museum & Library

26. Context Plan HISTORY OF FIRST FLEET PARK (First landing site of the Europeans)

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Restaurants & Bar

HISTORY OF THE CUSTOM’S HOUSE (When Circular Quay was used as a port)

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HISTORY OF THE ROCKS (Oldest part of Sydney)

Views Tour Read Research Study

HISTORY OF SYDNEY COVE (Gradual transformation over time from circular to squarish)

Exhibition space HISTORY OF THE ROYAL BOTANICAL GARDENS (From being used as a farmland to its present day use)

HISTORY OF THE SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE (Iconic Legacy - Putting Sydney on the map)

Eat Drink Convention Centre

Aboriginal Art Contemporary Art Painting exhibition

Business meetings

Shop

Retail Creativity Studio

3D printer Virtual Reality

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design strategy

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EXISTING CONDITION - VISUAL AND SOCIAL BARRIER

RETAIN & GREEN IT

CONNECT THE GREEN TO THE TOWER

VERTICAL GREENERY

CONNECTING FIRST FLEET PARK & THE TOWER

GRADUAL GRADIENT

MASSING

FUTURE CONNECTIONS

massing strategy

the second ground plane 50 50

The buildings has a slope which flows from two ground planes - the Cahill walkway and Alfred street. The linear museum will continue through a green bridge which will connect the Cahill walkway to the building. Street frontage will be lined with restaurants and retail. The buildings slopes on the ground plane for the user to feel welcome towards th site as opposed to many high rises which showcase a bold and impenetrative facade to maintain privacy.

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TRADITIONAL BUILDING FORM

GRADUAL SLOPE

PERMABILITY

TWO GROUND PLANES

GREEN WALKWAYS

The building form embrases the presence of pedestrian movement and gradually sets itself back, so that even its top floors are visible from the ground plane.

The building block seperates to form two different wings to allow visual axis and wind circulation through its core

the building further connects to both the ground planes - transit and leisure

the wings are interconnected by a series og green walkways and community spaces which excellent views of the harbour

Green cover Public plaza

concept masterplan - Sydney 2020 1:2500

concept masterplan detail - Sydney 2020 1:2000

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concept masterplan - Sydney 2040 1:5000

concept masterplan - Sydney 2070 1:5000

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concept section - Sydney 2020 1:1500

concept section - Sydney 2020 1:1500

Green Wall

Exhibition spaces Creativity studio Conference rooms

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Museum

Cahill Walkway

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Cahill Walkway

Library

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Reading corridor

Museum

Viewing Deck

Library

Retail

public

public

museum of contemporary art

first fleet park

cultural

leisure

public leisure, transit

cahill walkway, circular quay station, light rail station circular quay bus stop

public

civic, cultural site

private

public

public

apdg precinct

royal botanical gardens

circular quay bus stop

commercial

leisure

transit

private

public

semi private

amp precinct

light rail station circular quay train station

food court

commercial

transit

commercial

public civic, cultural site

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references TEXT REFERENCES 1. Jahn Gehl - Sydney - Public Place Public Life 2007 (https://issuu.com/gehlarchitects/docs/issuu_516_sydney_pspl2007) 2. Ibid 3. Ibid 4. John Muscat - CITY - Going Underground, 30th October 2013, (https://slowsydney.com/2013/10/30/city-going-underground/) 5. Jahn Gehl - Sydney - Public Place Public Life 2007 (https://issuu.com/gehlarchitects/docs/issuu_516_sydney_pspl2007) 6. Ibid 7. Ibid 8. Ibid 9. Ibid 10. Ibid

IMAGE REFERENCES 1. Jahn Gehl - Sydney - Public Place Public Life 2007 (https://issuu.com/gehlarchitects/docs/issuu_516_sydney_pspl2007) 2. Open spaces Site Ananlysis group work(Assessment 1) - Pitt Street Retail Mall 3. Jahn Gehl - Sydney - Public Place Public Life 2007 (https://issuu.com/gehlarchitects/docs/issuu_516_sydney_pspl2007) 4. Ibid 5. Ibid 7. Jahn Gehl - Public Spaces in Copenhagen - A guide to the public spaces in Copenhagen -(http://www.akershus.no/file/c112a084c81172d57c8dba94e41113cc/091217_Cph_Guide%20(2).pdf) 8. Jahn Gehl - Sydney - Public Place Public Life 2007 (https://issuu.com/gehlarchitects/docs/issuu_516_sydney_pspl2007) 23. Planning and Regulation Group - Site Analysis

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