Andrew MacKinnon Environmental Building Systems

Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036 Semester 2 2018 Assignment 1 Tutor: David Ritter

Andrew MacKinnon 836149

The Carltons.

Young couple, James and Rebecca.

Daughter, 2, and son, 3.

James is a photographer for magazines and Rebecca is a freelance graphic designer who works at home while looking after the children.

They are interested in efficiency, especially water and energy. While they dislike hydronic heating from past experience, they may be convinced to readopt the technology due to its efficiency and comfort for the children.

Keen travellers and love the outdoors.

Passion for environmentalism and happy to use adaptive comfort techniques.

Zoning strategies in the house are preferred and minimal environmental damage to showcase the technology to friends.

They want to build with local materials and landscape with native plants.

Bought property due to adjacent park.

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

Hot Dry Summer Breeze

Prevailing Wind

W

LANEWAY

S

S

S

S

W

S

W

GAS GAS

W

Winter

GAS

Pergola

W

NEIGHBOUR

GAS

West house will slightly shelter from winds but single storey does little to effect sun. Possibly glare from roof.

W

Seasonal pond to catch runoff and hold it for the garden. Also cools the hot summer winds.

PV Array W

PARK

Summer

Trees minimal on east side to allow view of park.

Zone 6- Mild Temperate Hot dry north winds in summer. North prevailing wind. Cool afternoon offshore breeze. Coldest winter mean minimum of 6째C and hottest summer mean maximum of 26째C. Low of approx -5째C and max of approx 41째C. (www.bom.gov.au)

GAS

Tank

GAS

W

GAS

W

West side of house is shaded by trees from the harsh afternoon summer sun.

W

GAS

W

Legend

GAS

S GM

W

GAS

GAS

W

GAS

W

GAS

M

SEP

SEP

GAS

W

W GAS

GAS

W

GAS

W

GAS

W

GAS

W

GAS

W

GAS

W GAS

W GAS

W GAS

W GAS

W GAS

Cold Offshore Winds W GAS

W GAS

W GAS

W GAS

W GAS

W GAS

W

W GAS

GAS

W

GAS

W

GAS

W

GAS

W

W GAS

GAS

W

LPD

STREET

Name: Andrew MacKinnon

Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036

Student Number: 836149

Assignment 1

JP

Traffic Trees act as a noise buffer and also provide privacy.

Legend Tutor: David RitterSewer Line Water Line Gas Line

Date: 03/09/18

Gas Metre

Scale: 1:200 A3 Water Metre Sewer Pit Telecom Pit

N

GM M

S

Side Entry Pit

SEP

Legal Point of Discharge

LPD

1: Site Plan Junction Pit Tree

JP

S

A

G

GAS

STREET

SHW

Singe Storey Brick Units

Climate

Sewer Line S Water Line WW Gas Line GAS Power Line Stormwater Line GM Gas Metre Water Metre M Sewer Pit S Telecom Pit Electric Pole w/ Street Light Side Entry Pit SEP Junction Pit JP Legal Point of Discharge LPD Site Boundary Deciduous Tree Evergreen Tree Cool Breeze Hot Dry Wind

GAS

S

S

S

S

GAS

S

S

S

S

GAS

S

S

S

W

S

GAS

S

GAS

Client Profile

S

W

S

GAS

S

W

Inner Northern Suburb

North pond cools and humidifies hot dry summer winds.

Prevailing Wind

Hot Dry Summer Wind

KITCHEN/ DINING

Pergola with Deciduous vines

Passive Cooling

Daylighting

- A cool offshore breeze comes from the south and a prevailing wind from the north. The trees help to block the strong winds but filter the air towards the house for ventilation.

- 2 windows in the south bedrooms and opposite windows in the kitchen/living allows for cross ventilation.

- Louvres help to deflect the wind up or down where necessary.

-Clerestory windows allow for stack ventilation (Fig. 1).

- The deciduous trees and vines on the pergola have leaves in the summer and provide shading too keep the house cooler.

- Large windows in the kitchen living area provide plenty of daylight into the house. No need for artificial light.

- Clerestory windows catch light and bring it into the bedroom and bathroom spaces.

Louvres

Stack Ventilation

LIVING

Downward BED

BATH

Box Gutter Leaf Guard Eave Gutter Inlet strainer basket

Leaf shedding rainhead

Buoy

WC

Downpipe

Charged line from other downpipes

LAUNDRY

Overflow

Overflow to garden pond

First flush De-sludging diverter valve

ENSUITE

Upward

Fig. 2.1. Section A 1:100

BED

Section A

Summer Sun

Summer Sun

Box Gutter

Leaf shedding rainhead

Buoy

- The low angled winter sun is captured through the north facing clerestory windows (Fig 2).

- The heat is stored in the high thermal mass concrete flooring and feature brick walls.

- The heat is released in the evening to regulate the house temperature, warming the nights.

- Bulk and reflective insulation helps to maintain the internal temperature by resisting heat transfer.

- Deciduous trees in the north and vines on the decking pergola allow for light to enter the large glass windows in the winter.

Downpipe

Charged line from other downpipes

Overflow

Overflow to garden pond

Slimline Rainwater Tank

First flush De-sludging diverter valve

Filter Pump

N

Day

Night purging

Winter Sun Rammed Earth wall behind insulation to retain heat during night.

Legend

Winter Sun

N

Leaf Guard

Inlet strainer basket

Cold Offshore Winds Filtered and directed to house by trees

Wind/ Air Flow

Filter Pump

Eave Gutter

Passive Heating BED

Slimline Rainwater Tank

Night Thermal mass exposed brick feature wall.

Day

Pergola with deciduous wisteria, ornamental grape and jasmine.

Temporary shade cloth used until vines grow up.

Name: Andrew MacKinnon

Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036

Student Number: 836149

Assignment 1

Thermal mass polished concrete floor and concrete slab.

Fig. 2.2. Section A 1:100 Tutor: David Ritter

Date: 03/09/18

Scale: 1:100 A3

Night

N

2: Passive Thermal (Ventilation/ Solar)

W02

KITCHEN/ DINING

W12

W03

LIVING

W13 BED

BATH

East/ South/ West - Casement windows on the south, west and east sides of the house. Small awning windows for bathroom and WC. - All windows are Stegbar timber framed double glazed, airfilled, low-E with low SHGC (U-Value= 2.3, SHGC= 0.32). Louvres by entry door on south side for air circulation, double glazed.

North - Three sets of double glazed, airfilled, low-E, high SHGC louvres.

- Large fixed double glazed, airfilled, low-E high SHGC window (U-Value= 2.3, SHGC= 0.25).

- Stegbar timber louvre windows for clerestory sections to allow for stacked ventilation. 152mm depth. 6mm thickness. Opened manually with stick. (http://www.stegbar.com.au) W13 W14 W15 1790

300

2100 590 152

W10

LAUNDRY

Interior plaster render

Reflective and waterproofing Earth Render sarking

W14

Reflective and waterproofing sarking

1000

500

W01

W04 W05 W06

W10 W11

W02

W03

W08 W09 W12

Colorbond

ENSUITE

Cladding

BED

W15

Outside

W05

BED

Inside

- COLORBOND® steel Matt Black cladding on all the exterior walls to fit Inner Melbourne aesthetic. Also durable with long life expectancy.

D02 W07 Chicken wire mesh

W08

Tension wires

Roof

1:20

2000

Reverse Brick Veneer w R4 Rockwool

W06

Straw Bale 450mm

- COLORBOND® Coolmax® steel. Light Whitehaven colour with high solar reflectance keeps the roof cooler in summer.

Helps to reduce heat trapped in inner city! Pays homage to traditional corrugated tin roof of inner city Melbourne.

Rammed earth w R3 Rockwool

920

2700

Cold shaded south is well insulated by strawbale

1800

130mm air gap

W07

W09

1500

400

WC

2100

2100

W04

1000

W11

-Rammed earth walls on north built from on site earth that is excavated when site is prepared for build. The rammed earth wall is a good thermal mass and will gain heat in the winter sun and release it in the cold night, while also retaining the coolth of a summer night for the day time.

-Strawbale wall made from local grasses on the south side for good insulation that is cheaper than batts.

-Concrete slab made with aggregates and sand from recycled brick, glass and rocks from Melbourne quarries. Polished finish.

- Sustainable Australian grown bamboo floor cover in bedrooms.

- FSC certified timber used for studs, formwork and furniture.

- Recycled hardwood for decking and pergola.

900

D01

Windows

304

W01

Locally Sourced Materials

2000

- Large timber framed bi-fold door with double glazed airfilled low-E and high SHGC on north face to capture lots of light and allow good airflow in summer when opened with front door.

- Solid front door with stained glass for appearance and atmosphere.

920

1790

304

152

1000

2100

900

920

D01

400

1800

500

1500

2000

1000

1000

304 400

1800

500

2100

590

R4 Rockwool Batts

1500

1000

300

Continuous insulation and reflective foil to avoid thermal bridge

2100

Polished Concrete Rammed Earth Straw Bale Tiled Floor Bamboo Timber Floor

R3 Rockwool Batts Plasterboard

2100

Legend

2100

2100

152

590

2700

2100

2100

1790

300

Doors

2700

- Strawbale southern wall provides insulation to the south side of the house that can be up to R10!

- Roof sarking/ reflective foil as well as R4.0 rockwool bulk insulation provides essential resistance to heat loss in roof.

- The east, west and small remaining parts of the northern walls are insulated in recycled blast furnace slag mineral-wool R4.0 and reflective foil.

The concrete slab is insulated at the edges and under the final polished concrete floor, as to retain the thermal energy gained in the house and not in the earth.

900

Airspace to vent

2100

Insulation

Colorbond Coolmax

Roof detail Thermal bridging stopped.

1:10

Name: Andrew MacKinnon

Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036

Student Number: 836149

Assignment 1

Tutor: David Ritter

Date: 03/09/18

Scale: 1:100 A3

N

3: Materials + Construction

D02

Lights

Broadband

Lighting in the day will be from the sun. All artificial light will be from Light Emitting Diodes (LED’s) due to their energy efficiency, long life span and space efficient size. NCC load limit is 5W/m2.

The Premises Connection Device connects the house to the telecommunications pit.

The PCD is connected to the Network Termination Device and the Power Supply Unit located indoors near the electric switch board. The modem is connected to the NTD where all the devices can connect via Ethernet or WIFI.

Total Wattage (W)

Accent Lighting

Ambient Lighting

Kitchen/ Dining

3 x 8W

3 x 8W

Living

2 x 8W

1 x 8W

24

1 x 8W

2 x 14W

2

Zone 2

2

KITCHEN/ DINING

Area (m2)

Power Density (W/m2)

2

Photovoltaic Array

LIVING

48 1.98

36

8.1

4.44

1 x 8W

8

8.4

0.95

Bedrooms

4 x 8W

32

35.3

0.91

Laundry/ WC

2 x 8W

2

36.3

- 5KW System of 15 x 330W panels.

- Monocrystaline solar panels chosen for their greater efficiency.

- A central inverter was chosen so the client can come off the grid and upgrade to more batteries in the future.

- A single Tesla Powerwall battery is installed to store excess energy to be used at night time.

2

2

Closed System

Bathroom/ Ensuite

Evacuated Tube Solar Panel

Corridor Hot

2

2

BED

BATH

LAUNDRY

2

WC

2

2

2

ENSUITE 2 2

BED BED S

S

2

S

S

2

Water

Total S

Ceiling Fan

Wires

Exhaust Fan

Power Meter

Double Power Point

2

Multiple Switch Single Switch Downlight Wall Light

Switch Board Smoke Alarm NTD PSU PCD

S

Outdoors

Closed System

Legend

S

Heat S Pump

16 System 4.5 Closed

Evacuated Tube 3 x 8WSolar Panel 24 8 S

S

S

S

PV Array DC

92.6

164

Battery

3.56 1.77 S

S

Hot 3 Water

S

S

S

Electric S Switchboard

Utility Metre

S

S

InverterS

Bedroom, Closed SystemLiving, Dining

Kitchen, Laundry, WC, Hallway Evacuated Tube Hot so col- 4000K CCT LED with 90 CRI for kitchen Solar Panel Water ours of food can be seen.

- 5000K CCT LED for laundry and WC for sterile clean feel.

Dist. Manifold - Hallway light multiway switch.

- Osram Ledvance Daylight Dimmable LED Downlight 4000K 8W 90 CRI Insulated

(https://www.bunnings.com.au/osram-ledvance-8w-900lm-daylight-dimmable-led-downlight_p4331933)

Storage Tank >60°

Cold Outside Water - Motion sensored LED long life light for front door.

-Veranda lights switch operated.

- Verve Design Witton Wall Light LED 4000K 8W Waterproof (https://www.bunnings.com.au/verve-design-witton-wall-light_p7072240)

- LED downlights attached to fans in bedrooms for ambient lighting, 2700K to 3500K CCT for red lighting before bed, rather than blue light.

Hydronic - LED Panels downlight in dining and lounge room warm colour and adjustable dimming in order to change Hydronicand light for different atmosphere uses.

Insulated SlabLedvance Warm White Dimmable LED - Osram Storage Downlight Tesla Return Manifold Tank >60° 3000K 8W 80 CRI Battery

Cold Water Heat Ensuite Bathroom,

PV Metre

Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036

Student Number: 836149

Assignment 1

Utility

Household Loads

Tilt Automated adjustable frames to maximise solar gains through the Heat year. 45° pitch for winter and 30° for summer.

Pump

Battery

Pump

Battery - 5000K CCT for sterile feel and 90+ CRI for makeup application. Dimmable to 3000K for bath. LED strip light for bathroom mirror.

Singe Storey Brick Units Electric - LEDlux Infinity Mini Dimmable Colour Shift DownClosed System Switchboard light Kit in White 3000-5000K 14W 90 CRI

+15° 30°

PV Array Tivok Solar DC Hot Water Evacuated Tubes Inverter Closed System

Tutor: David Ritter

Evacuated Tube Solar Panel Date: 03/09/18

Hot Water

15 Solar Photovoltaic Panels 1700mm x 1000mm

AC

(https://www.beaconlighting.com.au/ledlux-infinity-mini-dimmable-colour-shift-downlight-kit-in-white)

PV Metre

Scale: 1:100 A3 Dist. Manifold

S

S

(https://www.bunnings.com.au/osram-ledvance-8w-800lm-warm-white-dimmable-led-downlight_p4331930)

Optic fibre

Name: Andrew MacKinnon

S

AC

2

2

Cold Water

Insulated Storage S S Tank >60°

(https://solarcalculator.com.au)

PV Array layout on roof Household Loads Hydronic

Panels N 4: Electrical + Telecom Hydronic

N

S

S

KITCHEN/ DINING

Heat Pump HWS

WC

- 130m2 roof area catches rain in gutters and moves it to a 5000L Slimline Colorbond rainwater tank via a wet system.

- Tankulator calculates this to provide approximately 200/365 days worth of water with Melbourne’s average annual rainfall.

- The rainwater is to be the primary source of drinking water and is therefore filtered and treated.

- Two Tivok Solar Collectors are installed on the roof to provide solar heated water. They are up to 30% more efficient than traditional flat plate collectors.

- A decoupled tank is connected to the 24 evacuated tube system by a closed system of pipes that carry the heated water to the tank and the cold water to the panels.

- A Tivok heat pump is also installed to back up the solar system in winter. The COP of this system is >3.5, out performing traditional gas and electric boilers.

- Note: The winter hot water kwh usage is measured to summer solar gains so there is not a huge surge.

Possible back up for pond

BED

BATH

Solar Hot Water System

Mains Water -The tank will be connected to the mains to back up the system and provide water when there is less rain or during droughts.

LIVING

Evacuated Tubes

Rainwater

Closed System

ENSUITE BED

Overflow

First flush De-sludging diverter valve

Usage

Cold Water

Water Meter

HWS M

shedding rainhead

Buoy

Hot Water System Mains Water Connection

Charged line from other downpipes

Overflow

Evacuated Tube Solar Panel

garden pond

Evacuated Tubes

Slimline Rainwater Tank

First flush De-sludging diverter valve

Name: Andrew MacKinnon

Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036

Student Number: 836149

Assignment 1

Filter Pump

Tutor: David Ritter

N

Date: 03/09/18

Hydronic Slab Tivok T-HP72AB-S 7.2KW Hot Water Heat Pump Heat Pump

54°

Hot Water

Rainwater System Overflow to

Hydronic Panels

Tivok T-U5812AB 12 Tivok T-T420AB Insulated Tube Solar Collector 420L Energy StorageBank Tank Tank >60° Cold Water

Downpipe

GM

Gas Meter

Hot Water

Return Manifold

Eave Gutter

Closed System Leaf

Closed System

Dist. Manifold

Gas -Rebecca prefers cooking with a gas stove and oven.

Pump

Gas System

Evacuated Tube Solar Panel

Leaf Guard Inlet strainer basket

Pump

Closed System

Box Gutter

Hot Water Tank with Heat Pump

Heat Pump Filter

Tank

LPD

Rainwater Tank Filter

Insulated Storage Tank >60°Rainwater Slimline

Solar Hot Water System

-The Carltons want to be efficient. They are happy to install high rated taps and appliances to achieve this.

WELS 3 star showerheads installed can reduce water usage in shower by 25% .

-Dual flush toilets allow for half flushes.

-WELS 4 star+ front loader washing machine reduces greywater usage, allowing more for gardening.

Legend

Leaf shedding rainhead Downpipe

Overflow to garden pond

M

Hot Water

Buoy Charged line from other downpipes

GM

Leaf Guard

Evacuated Tube Solar Panel

Inlet strainer basket

LAUNDRY

BED

Box Gutter

Optimum pitch for Melbourne Scale: 1:100 A3

N

5: Water + Gas Supply

To pond

Greywater

Food

-Approximately 84L of water/person/day is created in an average household. The water efficient Carltons would like to reuse the greywater in their toilets, laundry and garden.

-The greywater is flushed through a course filter, and then settles in the tank. The top water overflows into a botanical filter and then goes through a peat filter. The water is stored in the greywater tank for no more than 24hrs. Water for the toilets and laundry is filtered by charcoal. The garden water is sent straight from tank. The left over water is flushed out into the blackwater system.

- The rainwater system backs up the greywater system so the toilets are always operational.

-Unfiltered greywater can only be kept for 24hrs, so pipes connect it to the sewage system.

Excess greywater can be used in garden. Excess rainwater is directed to the legal point of discharge.

- Edible plants can be grown in the garden to reduce demand on the agricultural industry.

Herbs, tomatoes, greens, broccoli, citrus, potatoes, and many other fruits and vegetables can be grown seasonally in Melbourne using greywater or stormwater.

S

KITCHEN/ DINING

LIVING

BED

BATH

Botanical Filter WC

Toilets + Laundry

LAUNDRY

Greywater Course Filter

ENSUITE

Charcoal Filter

Peat Filter

BED

Greywater Tank

Excess flushed to garden.

Vertical Gardens -Can increase yield of food and also provide a layer of shade/ insulation to a exterior wall of the house.

Stormwater Runoff - A rocky pond on north side of the block provides a place for stormwater to run off and be stored. It can then irrigate near by plants providing a lush, cooling garden area in the face of hot summer winds, cooling the house to the south.

- Excess stormwater that cannot be managed on site will be released at the legal point of discharge or overflowed to the side entry pit and junction pit.

24hr flush to blackwater system

BED

Pond

Plants

LPD M SEP

JP

Plant examples Legend Greywater Tank Mains Water System Greywater from Tank Greywater to Tank Sewer System Sewer Pit Sewer Vent Water Meter

S

M

- Common Reed - Typha - Gardenia - Melaleuca - Bird of Paradise - Liliope - Banksia - Eucalyptus - Nardoo - Coral Carpet - Geralton Wax - Sundews

Slope of site

- Plants help to reduce run off from stormwater by slowing the waters course and reduce sediment and soil erosion through supporting the soil with root systems.

- Plants can use greywater to grow and filter the water before it returns to the natural waterways. Sodium resistant plants are more resilient to greywater.

Water flow

Native Plants + Biodiversity SEP

Lomandra (https://www. alpinenurseries. com.au)

Yucca

(https://www.bhg. com)

Callistemon Grevillia

(http://www.australianplantsonline. com.au)

(https://anlscape. com.au)

Name: Andrew MacKinnon

Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036

Student Number: 836149

Assignment 1

- Planting Australian natives, along with imported plants, creates a stable, biodiverse garden that is active year-round. The Carltons love grevillias, callistemons, banksia birthday candles, and crepe myrtles. They hope to grow nardoo in the pond.

- Native plants attract native bees, birds and frogs including kookaburras, cockatoos, bell minors, egrets, brown tree frogs and herons.

- There are not many deciduous Australian trees because of our unpredictable rain patterns. The species that do exist may struggle in Melbourne’s weather, so imported trees will be used.

Tutor: David Ritter

Date: 03/09/18

Scale: 1:100 A3

Blackwater + Sewage

JP

- The sewage system pipes and blackwater pipes use gravity to move the waste, running from the highest point of the property down towards the sewage pit.

- The pipes are arranged to also create with minimal bends, and angles as close to 180 as possible, in order to avoid blockages.

N

6: Water Recycling + Drainage

Load bearing wall so coil done not go underneath

KITCHEN/ DINING

LIVING

Evacuated Tubes

T

Heat Pump

BED

BATH

HWS

H T

WC

LAUNDRY

HR

Hydronic panel under windows to prevent condensation on glazing. Also mixes air via convection currents.

Passive Heating

In Slab -Clients are convinced to give hydronic inslab heating another go due to its efficiency and ability to be coupled with the solar hot water system. A concrete slab floor and screed of high thermal mass retains the heat from the evenings heating to regulate the night temperature.

-Insulation under the hydronic heating prevents heat from leaking into soil.

- Living/dining/kitchen area is zoned off from bedrooms to reduce heating load.

Glazing + Insulation -Double glazed windows and R.4 Rockwool batts provide passive insulation to keep the heat inside and cold outside.

The strawbale south wall is a great insulator and were a cheaper alternative to batts.

Panels -Hot water is pumped through the hydronic heating panels from the solar hot water systems tank and then returned to the tank to be heated again.

Drapes -Snug fitting draped with pelmets on interior of windows to help retain interior heat.

Adaptive Comfort - The Carltons are happy to go out of their way to achieve passive heating. Wearing jumpers, slippers and trackies is a way to stay warm. Hot water bottles and doing activities together also helps them stay warmer.

Both areClosed quiet and comfortable heating methods, System perfect for the children of the Carltons.

Evacuated Tube Solar Panel

T

Thermal Mass - Winter sun shines on the polished concrete slab, the expose interior brick work and north rammed earth wall. the solar energy is absorbed in the materials and then released at night time.

Hot Water

ENSUITE

T

H

Hydronic Heating

Winter Sun

BED

H BED

T

Thermal mass Battery exposed brick feature wall.

Rammed Earth wall behind insulation to retain heat during night.

Pattern of pipes inside slab.

Insulated Heat Reverse Fans Storage Pump Tank >60° Cold - Reverse fans in winter to push warm air down and Water

Electric Switchboard Utility Metre

avoid wind chill effect.

Utility

Closed System

Closed System

Day

Solar Hotwater System - 2 x 12 Tivok evacuated tube solar hot water system with a capacity of 420L is installed to heat the hydronic slab and the hydronic panels.

- The decoupled tank on ground level is backed up by a Tivok heat pump for when there is insufficient sunlight or a high demand of hot water.

- The hydronic slab and panels are closed systems and do not mix with the potable water.

- Coefficient of Performance (COP) or ratio of useful heating or cooling- energy input for the Tivok Heat Pump is >3.5.

Traditional gas or electricity resistance 1:1.

Evacuated Tube Solar Panel

Hot Water

Hydronic Panels

Dist. Manifold

Night

Legend

Hydronic Slab

Hot Water System

Return Manifold

Cold Water

Insulated Storage Tank >60°

Thermostat

Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036

Student Number: 836149

Assignment 1

HWS

Tesla

T

Battery

Hydronic heater with thermostat

Battery

Heat Pump

PV Array Hydronic heated towel rail with thermostat Battery

Coil in slab perimeter

H

T

HR

DC

Electric

Inverter

Hot Water Switchboard

AC

Evacuated Tubes

PV Metre Tutor: David Ritter

T

Cold Water

The solar hot water system with tank, heat pump and hydronic heating.

Name: Andrew MacKinnon

ThermalPV mass polished concrete floor and concrete slab.

Date: 03/09/18

Scale: 1:100 A3

N

7: Heating

Household Loads

DC

Inv

AC Metre

Hot summer breeze cooled by pond.

Passive Cooling Stack Ventilation - Cools house by allowing hot air to rise and flow through clerestory windows.

Cross Ventilation -Windows on different walls in the rooms allow air to easily flow from high pressure to low pressure.

KITCHEN/ DINING

Insulation - The well insulated walls and roof retain the nights coolth and the high thermal mass of the floor, rammed earth and brick veneer help to regulate the hot day with the evenings coolth.

LIVING

BED

BATH

WC

Cold offshore winds Filtered and directed to house by trees

Shading -Eaves overhang all sides of the house help to shade the glazing and cladding from the hot summer sun, reducing solar gain on thermal masses.

Water + Natural Evaporative Cooling

LAUNDRY

ENSUITE BED

Plants shading exterior walls

BED

A rocky reed pond to the north cools and humidifies hot dry north winds. Trees and low lying plants help to create a micro climate that shades the water and reduces evaporation. The pond can be empty and but is topped up by greywater.

Fans Help to circulate air to make apparent temperature feel around 3 degrees cooler.

- 1200mm fan width for living area. 900mm fan width for bedrooms.

- Curved blades for more air circulation - Reverse function for winter to reduce down draught - Variable speed control.

Roof -COLORBONDÂŽ CoolmaxÂŽ steel. Light Whitehaven colour with high solar reflectance keeps the roof cooler in summer.

- Solar panels add an extra layer of shading to the roof.

A/C Reverse cycle air conditioning split system unit for quick cooling on the rare 40 degree summer days when fans and ventilation are inadequate may be considered for future.

Louvres

Plants Legend Ceiling Fan Switch Deciduous Tree Evergreen Tree Wind Path

-Pergola vines of ornamental grape, jasmine and wisteria provide north shade to the house, activating the decked area in summer.

- Native shrubs and low lying plants help shade the walls from the sun.

- Deciduous trees and surrounding plants help to cool the block overall by shading most areas.

Downward

Box Gutter Leaf Guard Eave Gutter Inlet strainer basket

Leaf shedding rainhead

Buoy

Downpipe

Charged line from other downpipes

Overflow

Overflow to garden pond

Slimline Rainwater Tank

First flush De-sludging diverter valve

N

Upward

1:100

Stack Ventilation

Filter Pump

Box Gutter Leaf Guard Eave Gutter

Name: Andrew MacKinnon

Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036

Student Number: 836149

Assignment 1

Inlet strainer basket

Tutor: David Ritter

Date: 03/09/18

Scale: 1:100 A3

Buoy Charged line from other downpipes

Overflow to garden pond

First flush De-sludging diverter valve

N

Leaf shedding rainhead

8: Cooling

Downpipe

Overflow

Slimline Rainwater Tank

Filter Pump

N

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

Battery

S

W

S

S

S

S

GAS

S

S

S

Drought

Microclimate created under canopy of trees helps cool block and hot winds

Water Collection

Tesla Powerwall 2 batteries will be in- Electric Switchboard stalled in the future as the house comes Utilityoutages and off the grid to avoid power Metre electricity connection fees.

GAS

W

Heat Drought in Capetown sparked an urge in the Carltons to Storage Pump beTank more water efficient. >60° W

Cold Water

GAS

- Greenhouse, garden shed and will allow for an inW

System Closed Systemtotal roof surfaceClosed creased area to enable more water GAS

collection.

- Additional tank may be added under decking to Evacuated Tube bladder Hot capacity.

Hydronic increase storage Solar Panel Water Panels - Further landscaping of the garden and planting will help to maximise the retention and use of stormwater on the Hydronic Dist. Manifold property.

Slab GAS

W

One battery has 5kW continuous Utility output (7kW surge). 2 or 3 may be installed to ensure a safe and reliable energy source, independent from the grid.

Increasing the efficiency of electrical appliances and lighting can reduce the load on the batteries.

GAS

Greenhouse allows growth of tropical and sub tropical vegetables and fruit.

W

Pond catchment and shading increased to hold more stormwater in flashy rain.

Bladded Tank under decking can store more water.

W

GAS

Battery

STREET

GAS

W

Electric Switchboard

Inverter AC

GAS

GAS

W

W

GAS

W

GAS

W GAS

W GAS

Legend

W GAS

W GAS

W GAS

Deciduous Tree Evergreen Tree

A/C

W GAS

GAS

Gas Metre

GM

W

GAS

W

W GAS

GAS

W

LPD

Wisteria on Pergola

(http://www.arcadiastudio.com) Side Entry Pit

JP

SEP

Water Metre

M

Junction Pit

JP

Water Line

Sewer Pit

S

Legal Point of Discharge

LPD

Power Line

Student Number:Stormwater 836149Line Gas Metre

Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036 Telecom Pit

Assignment 1 Electric Pole w/ Street Light

Tutor: David Ritter

Tree

Site Boundary

S

A

G

GAS

Sewer Line

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Gas Line

An air-conditioning unit may need to be installed to cope with future heat waves and rising temperatures. The living area will be isolated and made into a retreat room. By this stage, split system technology should be much more efficient and comfortable.

SEP

W

Reverse Cycle Split System AC

KITCHEN/ DINING

Green roof on similar sloped roof

LIVING

(http://moorefarmsbg.org)

BED

BATH

Date: 03/09/18

Scale: 1:100 A3

WC

N

LAUNDRY

A/C

Inside AC unit

A/C

Legend

W GAS

Cladding - The Black Colorbond cladding may need to be painted a lighter colour to cope with higher temperatures.

A/C

Outside AC unit

W GAS

- A composting toilet system will help reduce water usage in toilets. forW more Wgreywater W W Allowing W GAS GAS GAS GAS GAS GAS for garden.

- Composting green waste, soaking banana skins and collecting tea and coffee can also help to fertilize and mulch the garden to retain moisture in soil.

Household Loads

- More intense sunlight and hotter days require better shading from more plants, exterior shutters and shade cloths.

W

Composting

(https://www.tesla.com/en_AU)

Shading

Negatives - Reduced roof space for rainwater collection.

- Reduced rainwater means reliance on mains water.

- Less roof surface area for solar panels.

- Does not fit heritage style of other inner Melbourne houses.

M

Tesla Powerwall 2

Off-Grid Solar Power System

GAS

GM

Household Loa

DC

W

GAS

Battery

PV Metre

W

Dark cladding that was chosen for contextual reasons may need to be lightened to reduce heat gains.

PV Metre

PV Array

GAS

W

GAS

Positives + Reduced run off + Roof shading + Biodiversity + Psychologically enhancing + Potential food source + Extended roof life expectancy. + Thermal performance + Reduce urban heat island effect + Clean air + Increase resale value W

Greenhouse, garden shed and battery storage shed provides larger roof surface area to catch water.

AC

Battery

W

A green roof may be considered in the future. Rainbombs Insulated Heat and intense rain is becoming more common so reducing Storage Pump Tank >60° run off will be necessary, stormwater however overall rainCold fall will reduce and ways to retain water are still necessary.

Water The aim is to keep as much water on site as possible once it falls from the sky.

Green roof may be installed if climate changes dramatically and rainwater collection is less important.

More batteries needed to come off grid completely.

Inverter

Tesla

Green Roof vs Water Collection Return Manifold

A/C

A/C

orey Brick Units

DC

Batteries

GAS

Insulated

S

PV Array

9: Design for Resilience

ENSUITE

Project Information

Walls Type

Insulation

Area (m2)

Mode

New Home

Climate

21 Melbourne RO

Rammed Earth Finished

4.0

0.7

Site Exposure

Suburban- North Facing

Straw Bale 450mm Finished

0.0

58.2

Client Name

The Carltons

Reverse Brick Veneer

4.0

31.2

Rated Address

Inner Northern Suburbs Melbourne

Accredited Rater

Andrew MacKinnon

Date

7/8/2018

Floors

Insulation

Type CSOG: Slab on Ground

Energy Usage

---

Mode

Energy (MJ/m2)

Total

29.2

Heating

25.3

Cooling

3.9

Roof/Ceiling

Net Conditioned Floor Area (NCFA) Unconditioned Room Area Garage Area

---

---

---

Insulation

Area (m2) 92.7

---

---

---

---

---

---

Type

U-Value

SHGC

Area (m2)

9.2

TIM 004-04 W Timber B DG Air Fill Low Solar Gain low-E- Clear

2.3

0.25

6.43

0.0

TIM 004-04 W Timber B DG Air Fill High Solar Gain low-E- Clear

2.3

0.32

14.46

Zones Total Heating (MJ)

92.7

3.0

83.5

Heating (MJ/m2)

encl

Type

Windows

Size (m2)

4.0

Flat Framed

Areas Area

Area (m2)

Ventilation

Cooling (MJ/m2)

Window Directions Total Cooling (MJ)

Zone

Area (m2)

Kitchen/Living Corridor Bedroom 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 WC Laundry Ensuite Bathroom

36.3

13.5

491.0

10.6

384.7

8.4

60.6

506.2

0.9

7.7

10.6

60.7

644.6

0.0

0.0

11.1

28.0

311.7

0.0

0.0

13.6

50.6

644.6

0.0

0.0

1.5

----

-----

-----

-----

3.0

----

----

----

----

3.4

22.6

76.8

0.0

0.0

4.7

---

----

----

----

Direction

Area (m2)

N

13

Direction

Area (m2)

E

3.3

Roof/Ceiling Penetration Type

Location

Direction S

Area (m2)

Area (m2)

W

2.4

Quantity

Direction

Sealed

2.2

Area (m2)

Exhaust Fan

Kitchen

1

Y

---

Exhaust Fan

Bathroom

1

Y

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

8.9 Final Star Rating:_____

Name: Andrew MacKinnon

Environmental Building Systems ABPL20036

Student Number: 836149

Assignment 1

Tutor: David Ritter

Date: 03/09/18

No Scale

10: First Rate Energy Assessment