Andrew MacKinnon Construction Analysis Construction Stages

ABPL20033 - Construction Analysis, Semester 2 - 2018 Dr Alberto Pugnale – Subject coordinator Dr Sofia Colabella – Senior Tutor Pei Wan Kwek – Tutor Andrew MacKinnon, 836149, 17/9/2018 The Black House - Krisna Cheung Architects, T03 ASSIGNMENT 2

FLIPBOOK SECTION 2D: construction stages, details and annotations

STAGE 1

Site Preperation + Services Layout

3B

1 The architectural plans are ap-

Excavator

01

proved by the council. The property surveyor analyses the site, its boundary and marks out the NGL and FFL according to the Australian high Datum. The geotechnical engineer studies the soil condition and ground, providing information needed for footings and slab.

The structural engineer provides structural drawings that detail the footing system and structural steel and timber members.

02

03

A

2 Portaloo, water connection and

electricity generator are set up to enable site work to commence.

Site boundary fencing and signage is erected for safety and to prevent unwanted people entering the site.

Trench Levelled ground for slab

3 The previous house is demolished and the original concrete slab is removed.

B

4 Tree stumps are removed

and the land excavated back to the Natural Ground Level of 12.4. Timber around the site marks the FFL.

5 The plumber marks out plumb-

Portaloo installed for workers

C

Cap on top of plumbing prevents unwanted materials entering. Safe from concrete.

Trees removed and ground excavated to prepare for foundations

ing points and connects pipes to sewage pit, water mains and legal point of discharge. The pipes rise up to be exposed where the slab is poured. Caps cover the pipes so that nothing enters or clogs the plumbing.

Plumbing set out and connected

D Unlevel Earth

6 The excavator digs the trenches

E

for the slab footings. This is done methodically from the back of the site to the front.

Plumbing finished and trench dug. Packing sand added in Stage 2.

Old bluestone wall left in place

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Plan

Stage 1 p. 2

STAGE 1

Site Preperation + Services Layout

B

A

D

C

E

Excavator/bobcat digs trenches

RL 18.88 AHD 600

Temporary powerbox to run power tools during build.

FFL 15.78 AHD 300

Tree stumps removed and garden cleared of unwanted materials.

6420

2500

FCL 18.28 AHD

Water connection for a water source during the build.

2700

FCL 15.48 AHD

Old bluestone wall left in place

Site cleared, plumbing complete and read for trenches to be dug

FFL 12.78 AHD

Plumbing organised and set out in first stage

NGL 12.46 AHD

Surveyor and plumber use dumpy to measure heights

Plumbers dumpy

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Stage 1 p. 3

STAGE 2 Ground Floor Support

Plastic bar chairs support steel above membrane

3B

1 The trenches were excavated for

01

footings (A.S.2870). Raft footingsEB (300, D550) and SB (W300, D550).

Pad footings (W1000, L1000, D600) Timber formwork hold concrete on slab and creates flush edges

2 70mm thick packing sand is laid

down to create a reliable surface to lay the concrete foundations.

A 0.2mm polythene membrane is then laid on top to waterproof the slab.

Timber formwork is placed in preparation for pouring the concrete.

Set downs are also assembled for the courtyard and entrances to avoid water entry into building.

02

Hydronic heating is tied to the top of the square mesh in a looping pattern to achieve a good spread of heat

03

Set Down

A SL92 Square Mesh 3-L12TM Trench Mesh

3 Steel reinforcement is laid down

Trench mesh overlaps 500mm.

Square mesh 225mm.

Plastic chairs spaced every meter.

on plastic chairs.

The raft beams receive a bottom and top reinforcement of trench mesh 3-L12TM. The trench mesh comes in lengths of 6m. The whole slab has a SL92 square mesh reinforcement. The square mesh comes in dimensions of 6m x 2.4m.

4

B Trench Mesh Square mesh

C

Hydronic heating piping is tied to the top of the square mesh.

Trowel Machine to flatten and smooth concrete

Concrete arrives in truck and is

5 poured onto the slab from the

north side of the site towards the south near the road.

Flat smoothed concrete

It is spread using hand trowels,

6 vibrated with a vibrator stick and

D

then levelled with a trowel machine.

Finally, the timber formwork is removed.

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Cement pumping truck

0.2mm polythene waterproof membrane

Footing for column

E

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Plan

Stage 2 p. 4

STAGE 2

Set Down + Slab 1:30

Ground Floor Support

B

A

Concrete slump test done to enure the right consistency of concrete is poured.

A sample cube is poured from the same batch that will be tested in 28 days when the slab is at 95% strength.

D

C

E

Set Down

Top Reo. Hydronic SL92 Plastic bar heating pipes chairs

600

RL 18.88 AHD

0.2mm Polythene waterproof membrane

Top Reo. 3-L12TM Btm Reo. 3-L12TM

2500

FCL 18.28 AHD

Packing sand

6420

Slump Test. Australian Standards AS1012.3.1-1998

Cement mixing truck

FFL 15.78 AHD 300

Concrete Vibrator

FCL 15.48 AHD

Hand trowel

Set down for courtyard in order to prevent water flowing into house 2700

Cement pumping truck

FFL 12.78 AHD NGL 12.46 AHD

Set down for preventing water entering house from courtyward

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Top Reo. 3-L12TM

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Plastic Bar Chairs

Bottom Reo. 3-L12TM

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Top Reo. SL92

Hydronic heating pipes tied to the square mesh.

Plumbing is capped off and left untl stage 11 & 12.

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Stage 2 p. 5

STAGE 3

Ground Floor Structural Framing

3B

01 1

Prefabricated steel members trucked to site.

The columns will be made from SHS 89x89x5 and 100x100x6 and the beams are universal beams 310UB40.4 and 200UB25.4.

2 The steel members are carried my hand and can be altered on site with an electric saw in order to adjust for errors.

Truck arrives with steel members horizontally stacked.

03

02

A 1 2

3

First, rebates are cut out of the concrete slab using a wetsaw. The location of all the columns and steel members are decided by the structural engineer.

Truck delivers steel

3 Rebate is cut into the concrete to allow for steel columns to have a flush connection with the floor.

Packers are used to level the column.

Steel members lifted into place by hand

The columns are bolted into the

4 rebate joints with packing be-

tween the concrete and steel to make for a snug fit and allows for movement.

B

5 The beams are bolted to the

columns on their underside, while smaller beams are bolted between the flanges of the larger beams.

250UC73

C

90x90 SHS

The places carrying less loads do

6 not require steel beams and therefore have timber beams. These beams are attached to the steel columns or beams (see detail).

4

200UB29.8

D

12mm base plate of column is bolted to the footing using 2-M20 chemset anchors. (http://www. ramset.com.au)

89x89 SHS 200UB25.4

E

1. Hole drilled

4. Chemically set bolt 2. Glass capsule of adhesive

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

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Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

3. Bolt breaks capsule

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Plan

Stage 3 p. 6

STAGE 3

Ground Floor Structural Framing

B

A

D

C

E 200UB25.4 250UC72.9 200UB29.8

RL 18.88 AHD 600

Cleat 200UB29.8

FCL 18.28 AHD

200UB25

2500

Steel members can be grinded and new cleats can be rewelded on. A rust proofing spray paint is applied due to the breaking if the galvanised protection.

Example of cleats connecting steel beams so that they have the same bottom level.

The top level can vary as posistruts and timber members pack the difference of space.

6420

200UB25 FFL 15.78 AHD 300

250UC72.9

200UB29.8

2700

FCL 15.48 AHD

All steel members complete FFL 12.78 AHD NGL 12.46 AHD

Steel column meets beams. Connected with cleats and bolts.

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Stage 3 p. 7

STAGE 4 Ground Floor Framing

3B

1 The stud framing for the ground

01

floor is assembled out of MGP10 studs and noggings on the ground following the plans and then lifted into place. Complying with A.S. 1684.

2

Fireproofing membrane between neighbours property Temporary timber bracing

03

02

Nail gun used to attach timber framing together

290 x 90 F17 KD HWD

Temporary timber supporting members are attached to hold the stud walls up until they are attached to the steel columns or beams.

All the timber members can be easily trimmed. Noggings are cut from studs to necessary sizes.

450mm spacing is used in this house. The studs closer to adjacent walls have smaller spacing.

A

290 x 90 F17 KD HWD

Noggings and studs trimmed and altered on site using drop saw.

3 The wall between the neighbours

boundary wall and the entry passage is assembled with special consideration of fireproofing. A sarking fireproof membrane is put between the wall and the stud framing to allow a minimum of 2hrs of fire protection.

B Stud walls are assembled on the ground with nail gun and then lifted into place.

C 4 Steel tension ties reinforce the

timber framing. Plywood bracing is also installed in certain areas.

D

E 290 x 90 F17 KD HWD

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Stage 4 p. 8

STAGE 4 Ground Floor Framing

B

A

D

C

E

30 x 0.8mm tensioned galvansed metal straps are looped over top and bottom plates. Secured with 4/ 30 x 2.8mm flat head nails

Bracing strap tensioner RL 18.88 AHD

600

2-M12 4.6/S Bolts

90 x 45 Top plate

FCL 18.28 AHD

290 x 90 F17 KD HWD Beam

2500

90 x 45 Stud

200UB29.8

6420

Top plate

Nogging

Cleat plate (6CFW)

90 x 45 Stud Metal Bracing Tie

300

FFL 15.78 AHD

2700

FCL 15.48 AHD

Stud to beam connection with bolts. Metal ties also connect steel beams to stud.

FFL 12.78 AHD

Fire safety membrane is installed between neighbours wall and the exterior wall of the ground floor. This is to slow the passage of fire by 2hrs

NGL 12.46 AHD

Bottom plate Angle of bracing to be between 30-60 degrees.

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Stage 4 p. 9

STAGE 5

Intermediate Floor Structure

3B

01

1 Timber beams are bolted to the

02

03

steel columns or screwed onto the double studs. Careful attention to where steel I-Beams and bearers meet.

2 First Floor posistruts are in-

stalled with 450 centres, running the shorter length of the house.

Changes were made to the architects and engineers plans. They meet timber bearers flush on and are top hung on steel beams.

A Liquid nails is used to connect the 19mm Yellowtongue floor board to the first floor structural framing.

The yellow tongue flooring (3600 x

3 900 x 19mm ) is put down across

first floor. Liquid nails is used to connect the board to the first floor structural framing.Careful attention to the amount stacked at once is made due to their heavy weight. FC waterproofing sheet for the bathrooms is also laid down.

Posistruts

B Double FJ1 Yellowtongue flooring 3600 x 900 x 19mm

C

Yellowtongue floor board installed

FC waterproof flooring

D

E

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

FC waterproofing floor

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Plan

Stage 5 p. 10

STAGE 5

Intermediate Floor Structure

A

Fabric sling is used to prevent damage to posistrut webs

B

D

C

E

Top hung Posistrut 1:20 19mm Yellowtongue floor board

Top chord supported posistrut.

600

RL 18.88 AHD Posistrut hanging on 250UC72.9

Posistrut hanging on 250UC72.9

FCL 18.28 AHD

2500

250UC72.9

6420

Timber packer

300

FFL 15.78 AHD

2700

FCL 15.48 AHD

FFL 12.78 AHD NGL 12.46 AHD

Posistruts run the short width of the house and are installed with 450mm centres.

The metal webs start on top corners to maximise load bearing capacity.

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Yellowtongue flloring stacked ontop of each other. Lifted to roof in smaller piles.

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Stage 5 p. 11

STAGE 6

Truck delivers prefabricated steel balconies.

First Floor Framing

3B

01

1 Steel corner balconies are craned

into place. The crane was large to be able to lift the balconies above the trees and fencing. The middle balcony is also craned into place.

They are held in place with clamps and timber supports.

02

03

2 The middle balcony is welded to the steel beams 200UB29.8.

Large crane to navigate trees

A

3 The stud wall base plate is con-

nected to the first floor flooring.

The stud wall framing is then assemble in the same manner as the ground floor. It is then lifted into place and supported by temporary timber bracing elements until all walls are complete and secured.

4

Stud walls

B

Ties and plywood shear bracing are attached to prevent lateral tension.

C More studs on corners where walls meet.

5 All framing to comply with 16841993.

D

E

Middle Steel Balcony Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Plan

Stage 6 p. 12

STAGE 6

Bottom plates carefully attached to Yellowtongue flooring

First Floor Framing

B

A

D

C

Steel balcony craned into place. Welded to 200UB29.8.

E

Steel Balcony 1:30 Nogging

150 Parallel flange channel

Top Plate

RL 18.88 AHD

Bottom plate

600

Stud FCL 18.28 AHD

2500

75x75x75 EA

Steel balcony

6420

150 Parallel flange channel

290 x 90 F17 KD HWD Beam

300

FFL 15.78 AHD

150 Parallel flange channel

FCL 15.48 AHD 2-M12 4.6/S Bolts

2700

200UB29.8

FFL 12.78 AHD

Middle balcony welded to steel members attached and screwed to studs

NGL 12.46 AHD

Plywood brace

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Stage 6 p. 13

STAGE 7 Roof Structure

3B

1 Prefabricated roof trusses are

01

craned onto the roof and laid out lying down according to where they will be attached to the timber beams. They are made to have a 3 degree slop on the top member to allow for roofing slope.

03

02

2 They are lifted into place and

connected to the beams using L-connectors with a spacing of 600mm from centres.

A

The builder must consult the manufacturers installation instructions, the engineers drawings and the architects drawings.

Ties loop over trusses from the top plates of the studs diagonally to the other side of the roof area.

3 The trusses are then reinforced by nailplates and metal ties that loop over the top of the trusses.

4 The ground floor roofing/ first

floor middle balcony does not carry much load and can therefore be made more simple. Rafters are installed with 450 centre to support the roofing and decking. See stage 9 + 10 for the installation of roof sheeting and timber decking.

B

C L-connector holds one side of the truss to the beams above the stud wall.

Spacing 600mm centres

D

E Spacing 450mm centres

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

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Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Metal bracing and nailplates.

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Plan

Stage 7 p. 14

STAGE 7 Roof Structure

1

B

A

D

C

E

Truss on stud wall

Roof trusses lying down in place

Revised.

This is correct as per photo. Other stages are previous understanding.

600

RL 18.88 AHD

Trusses craned onto roof

Gap for box gutter

Lifted and connected to beams

6420

2

2500

FCL 18.28 AHD

4 Rafters installed for middle balcony roof.

Gap packed out so cladding fits perfectly in Stage 10.

300

FFL 15.78 AHD

2700

FCL 15.48 AHD

FFL 12.78 AHD

Roof Truss 1:20

NGL 12.46 AHD

Top of parapet

Metal Tie Nailplate

Truss on stud wall overhangs Overhang reason for packing in stage 10 cladding

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Stage 7 p. 15

STAGE 8

Window flashing overlapping with sisalation

External Doors + Window Systems

3B

1 After the architect goes over the

01

shop drawings of the windows and doors, they are given the tick of approval and are delivered to the site. Glass selection must comply with A.S. 1288-06 and consider A.S. 2047.

2

Sliding Window to Middle Balcony 1:20

Skylight installed near stage 10 +11.

02

03

Sisalation Insulation

Head Aluminium ‘T’

Exterior door

The doors and windows are prefabricated with the frame already attached (jamb, head, and sill).

They are arranged around the house according to drawing A10, ready for installation.

D03

Sloped away from building.

Flush with decking

W102

A

Decking Joist Lysaght TRIMDEK Graded Purlins Rafters

Flashing Upstand Plasterboard

3 There is a substantial gap be-

tween the windows and the openings in the stud walls. Plastic packing material of different widths helps to make a tighter fit.

Sarking

Insulation

4 The middle balconies sliding win-

dow is installed so that it’s bottom sill will be in line with the decking of the balcony. The flush connection allows the window to act as a door to the balcony space.

B

W107

C

5 Flashing is installed at the edges

of the window. It overlaps the waterproof membrane and acts to direct the water from inside to out.

Silicone sealant is also used to seal gaps in Stage 12.

Windows are prefabrcated with frames. They are simply lifted and screwed into place.

6 Reinforcing power trusses are

added to ground level to increase the stud wall load bearing capacity of the glass. These were not necessary and are uncommon in small residential builds, but were installed for precaution.

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Powertruss

D Window

W108

Powertruss

E

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Plan

Stage 8 p. 16

STAGE 8

External Doors + Window Systems

B

A

D

C

E

600

RL 18.88 AHD

FCL 18.28 AHD

W08

2500

Glass doors

6420

Packers 1mm 2mm 3mm 5mm 10mm 15mm 20mm

300

FFL 15.78 AHD FCL 15.48 AHD W07 W01

2700

D03

Packers fill the gap between the window frame/ jambs and stud framing.

Strip windows

W05

FFL 12.78 AHD NGL 12.46 AHD Powertruss added to increase the stud walls load bearing capacity of the adjacent glass.

Courtyard door Angled window in bedroom 2

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Stage 8 p. 17

STAGE 9 Roof Cover

‘Lysaght Trimdek’ metal roof decking sheet. 762mm width.

3B

1 Waterproof membrane (sarking)

01

and insulation is laid over roof trusses.

03

02

Underlap

2

4 crest fasteners.

Lap by 1 crest.

2° Fall

‘Lysaght Trimdek’ metal roof decking sheet is screwed to the trusses. The screws have a rubber washer to ensure waterproofing.

Overlap

A 300 x 100mm Box Gutter

3 The highest edges of the roof

sheeting are upturned to prevent water running back. Per A.S. 1562.

A 3 degree slope allows for gentle water run off into the box gutters.

The smaller roofed areas have a gradient of 2 degrees.

3° Fall

4 The box gutters installed for the

Roof Sheeting Screw (https://www.lysaght.com)

main roof is 300 x 100 and the smaller roofed areas have a 200 x 100.

B

5 Colorbond flashing is attached

where roofing and parapet meet and where gutters and roofing meet. Capping is attached to the parapets. All the flashing, capping and roofing overlap and underlap to ensure that no water can get into the house by wind or gravity.

C Box Gutter Detail 1:20 TRIMDEK Flashing

Parapet capping

Sarking

6

2° Fall

The small balconies are waterproofed with a membrane.

3° Fall

300x100mm Box gutter

D

E

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Flashing

Insulation

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Roof sheeting is overhanging and has a downturn/ drip to prevent backflow and windblown moisture.

Capping and clashing has a drip too.

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Plan

Stage 9 p. 18

STAGE 9 Roof Cover

B

A

Colorbond Barge capping Flashing

E

Lysaght TRIMDEK Metal Roof Decking

Lysaght TRIMDEK Sarking

Capping on parapet

300 x 100 Box Gutter

Flashing

RL 18.88 AHD

3°

600

Insulation Batten/ Packer

D

C

The waterproof membrane sits under the roof sheeting and protects the insulation underneath. Battens are laid on the roof trusses to prevent the insulation being flattened.

Nail Plate

FCL 18.28 AHD

Roof Truss

Insultation 2500

Colorbond Barge capping on the top of the parapet stops into roof to allow water to run off into guttersystem, rather than leaving streaks on the cladding.

Sarking

6420

2° 200 x 100 Box Gutter

300

FFL 15.78 AHD

2700

FCL 15.48 AHD

Waterproof embrane under roof sheeting FFL 12.78 AHD NGL 12.46 AHD Turning-up TRIMDEK (https://www.lysaght.com)

Upstand at the high end of roof sheeting prevents wind blown moisture and allows flashing to overlap to waterproof the roof.

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Stage 9 p. 19

STAGE 10

Cladding 1:20

External Cladding

3B

1 Scaffolding is erected in order to

01

clad the first floor safely. Green weatherproofing membrane mesh (sisalation) is applied to the outside of the building.

03

02

Sisalation

Weathertx Cladding

Pine timber battens are painted

2 in Dulux Black Matt paint on site

Weathertx Cladding

because it is easier to paint before attached to the facade.

Weathertx ‘Weather Groove Smooth’ cladding is also painted black in the house.

Packers bring cladding away from wall to align it with the other exterior cladding. A seamless exterior surface.

A

Stud Wall

Packer

3 The black battens are connected

to the balcony steel frame.

The black Weathertx is connected to the external framing. The overlap of the cladding was also painted black in case of future movement. Packers are used above the entry hallway so that all the cladding lines up neatly.

75mm Foam with mesh on exterior

Stud Wall

Rendered in grey cement

B

4 A 75mm thermal foam material

and mesh is applied to the ground floor in preparation for the grey cement render.

Blackbutt timber decking for middle balcony.

C

5 CFC Soffit lining is placed under

the first floor cantilevered exterior parts and painted black to match the cladding above.

75mm Foam and mesh, rendered in grey cement render.

6 90 x 18 mm blackbutt timber

D

decking is installed on the middle balcony and in the internal courtyard on ground level.

E Pine timber battens painted in Dulux black matt

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Timber and Weathertx cladding painted black inside the house before fitting to the exterior.

Sisalation waterproof membrane

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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Plan

Stage 10 p. 20

STAGE 10 External Cladding

B

A

D

C

E

Green sisalation is installed to waterproof walls

RL 18.88 AHD 600

Weathertx ‘Weather Groove Smooth’ Cladding Painted matt black.

Vertical Pine Timber Battens

6420

2500

FCL 18.28 AHD

90 x 18 Blackbutt decking on joists above the roof sheeting

300

FFL 15.78 AHD FCL 15.48 AHD

2700

75mm Thermal Plus Foam material is sprayed onto wall and held by mesh.

90 x 18 Blackbutt Decking held by edge joists

FFL 12.78 AHD NGL 12.46 AHD

Pine battens cut with drop saw and painted black inside the house

Foam is rendered in grey cement.

The soffit lining is painted black to mach cladding above.

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Example of scaffolding that was erected on south facade for Weathertx cladding procedure

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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3000mm Section

Stage 10 p. 21

STAGE 11 Services

3B

1 Electrical wiring is organised and

01

laid throughout the house. Nonstructural members were drilled to allow passage of some wires. The clips holding the wires are spaced to ensure the wires is close to the members.

The wires for lighting are left coiled and dangling until the amount of wire needed is known.

Metal backing for powerpoints is also attached to stud framing.

02

03

Electrical wires run between stugs and other structural members and will be hidden by the plasterboard.

A

2 Plumbing pipes connected to the slab pipes that were closed off with a cap/ tape. Hot and cold water pipes are conected to the slab pipes too.

Wires left hanging for downlights Rinnai Solar Hot Water

3 First floor downpipes are connect-

Electrical wires in stud framing

ed to the box gutters. Moving the water from the roof to the rainwater tank, and to the stormwater legal point of discharge.

B

4 First floor hydronic heating sys-

Copper gas pipe is connected to mains and run to kitchen for cooking range.

tem installed.

5 Gas pipes are connected to the

C

mains and brought into kitchen via copper pipes.

Hot and Cold Water Pipe

Sewage Pipe

6 Coupled solar hot water system

is installed on the roof. It faces north and is attached to the roof via a metal and timber stand. The stand also helps angle the unit to the sun.

Stud

Plastic clips holds wires to stud

Electrical wires

D

Bottom Plate Powerpoint metal backing

Drainage Pipe

E

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

N

0

1000

3000mm

Plan

Stage 11 p. 22

STAGE 11 Services

B

A

D

C

E

Plumbing running through noggings.

Rinnai Solar Hot Water

600

RL 18.88 AHD

FCL 18.28 AHD Wires are tied cloesly to timber members. For safety and organisation. Electricial services are not in contact with steel members.

6420

2500

Rinnai Solar Hot Water system needs to be secured to the roof and angled to the sun using this stand.

300

FFL 15.78 AHD FCL 15.48 AHD

Cold water

2700

Hot water

Wires left hanging for light fittings. Excess wire will be cut.

FFL 12.78 AHD NGL 12.46 AHD

Studs and noggings can be cut to allow passage of pipes and wires if they are not structurally necessary

Name: Andrew MacKinnon Student Number: 836149

Cold Water Toilet blackwater connection

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Hot Water Pipe

Plumbing and electricity running through the posistruts.

Highlighting one of their advantages over beams and joists.

Used water pipe

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

N

0

1000

3000mm Section

Stage 11 p. 23

STAGE 12 Finishing Trades

3B

1 Pink fibre insulation batts are

01

put in walls and ceiling and held in place by liquid nails and blue plastic ties.

03

02

2 13mm thick plasterboard is

connected to the ceiling and walls using liquid nails. Plaster is spread over the holes, gaps and imperfections.

Joinery is installed. Kitchen appliances and bathroom equipment.

Faucets and electrical goods all installed.

A

3 Stair case is build in situ.

SKYLIGHT

DESK

Staircase assembled in-situ out of Victorian hardwood Ash.

4 Bathroom is waterproofed and then tiled.

B.I.R

Desk cladding BED 2

5 All the joinery is installed next. The

BED 1

VOID

cabinetry and storage units.

6 Kitchen appliances, powerpoints,

light switches, light fixtures, and all the bathroom equipment is installed. Windows and bathroom joints are siliconed to ensure waterproofing

7

Selected carpet

Joinery assembled

B PASSAGE

D102

Internal doors attached to hinges and painted

C

Reverse cycle Airconditioning unit is installed.

Installation of basins, toilets, faucets, bath and shower

8 The concrete floors are given

final polish, first floor carpets are installed and all the walls are painted white. The ceilings are painted black.

BALCONY/ ROOF

9 The new exterior gate is con-

Student Number: 836149

ENSUITE

W.I.R

D

nected to the bluestone wall. The site is cleared of all construction material. The interior of the house is cleaned and prepared for the occupants to move in.

Name: Andrew MacKinnon

Victorian Ash staircase is made insitu. The timber is polished and the handrail is polished.

Waterproofing paint, then selected ceramic tiles.

E

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek T03

After waterproofing the bathroom walls and floor, the ceramics can be installed. Black hexagon floor tiles and white square wall tiles.

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

N

0

1000

3000mm

Plan

Stage 12 p. 24

STAGE 12 Finishing Trades

A

Ceiling insulation batts are inserted between trusses and held in place by blue plastic straps

B

Top Hung Posistrut with finishing details 1:20

D

C

E

10mm Carpet 19mm Yellowtongue floor board Stud wall

Nailplate FFL 15.78 AHD

300

90 x 35mm Posistrut hanging on 250UC72.9

600

RL 18.88 AHD

13mm Plasterboard

FCL 15.48 AHD

250UC72.9

FCL 18.28 AHD Plasterboard is attached to roof by nails and walls with liquid nails. Plaster is then spread to cover gaps and nail points.

Timber packer Electric wires held in place by plastic clips

2500

BED 2 SHELF

Water pipe

W107

DESK 6420

B.I.R

300

FFL 15.78 AHD FCL 15.48 AHD

2700

Light fixtures connected to electric wiring

Preserved bluestone wall is accompanied by a new black sliding gate.

INTERNAL COURTYARD

Toilets, basins, bath, shower and faucets installed

PWD

D04

STORAGE

The hanging wires were used for the down lights in the house. Task lighting can save electricity bills.

FFL 12.78 AHD NGL 12.46 AHD

9

House is cleared of all building tools and materials and is cleaned for the clients move in day.

Ceiling is painted black and walls are painted white. The first floor is carpet and the ground floor is polished concrete.

Name: Andrew MacKinnon

Tutor: Pei Wen Kwek

Student Number: 836149

T03

Construction Analysis ABPL20033

Internal sliding door for powder room.

Built in storage on the ground floor.

Pink insulation batts are installed between stud walls and in ceiling..

7 Case Study: The Black House Krisna Cheung Architects

Reverse cycle air conditioning

Scale: 1:50 A3 Date: 17/09/18

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1000

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Stage 12 p. 25

SCRIPT STAGE 1- SITE PREPERATION + SERVICES LAYOUT

The architectural plans are approved by the council. The property surveyor analyses the site, its boundary and marks out the NGL and FFL according to the Australian high Datum. The geotechnical engineer studies the soil condition and ground, providing information needed for footings and slab. The structural engineer provides structural drawings that detail the footing system and structural steel and timber members.

Portaloo, water connection and electricity generator are set up to enable site work to commence. Site boundary fencing and signage is erected for safety and to prevent unwanted people entering the site.

The previous house is demolished and the original concrete slab is removed.

Tree stumps are removed and the land excavated back to the Natural Ground Level of 12.4. Timber around the site marks the FFL. The plumber marks out plumbing points and connects pipes to sewage pit, water mains and legal point of discharge. The pipes rise up to be exposed where the slab is poured. Caps cover the pipes so that nothing enters or clogs the plumbing.

The excavator digs the trenches for the slab footings. This is done methodically from the back of the site to the front.

STAGE 2 - GROUND FLOOR SUPPORT

STAGE 7 - ROOF STRUCTURE

Prefabricated roof trusses are craned onto the roof and laid out lying down according to where they will be attached to the timber beams. They are made to have a 3 degree slop on the top member to allow for roofing slope.

They are lifted into place and connected to the beams using L-connectors with a spacing of 600mm from centres.

The trusses are then reinforced by nail plates and metal ties that loop over the top of the trusses.

The ground floor roofing/ first floor middle balcony does not carry much load and can therefore be made more simple. Rafters are installed with 450 centre to support the roofing and decking. See stage 9 + 10 for the installation of roof sheeting and timber decking.

STAGE 8 - EXTERNAL DOORS + WINDOW SYSTEMS

After the architect goes over the shop drawings of the windows and doors, they are given the tick of approval and are delivered to the site. Glass selection must comply with A.S. 1288-06 and consider A.S. 2047.

The doors and windows are prefabricated with the frame already attached (jamb, head, and sill). They are arranged around the house according to drawing A10, ready for installation.

There is a substantial gap between the windows and the openings in the stud walls. Plastic packing material of different widths helps to make a tighter fit.

The middle balconies sliding window is installed so that it’s bottom sill will be in line with the decking of the balcony. The flush connection allows the window to act as a door to the balcony space.

Flashing is installed at the edges of the window. It overlaps the waterproof membrane and acts to direct the water from inside to out. Silicone sealant is also used to seal gaps in Stage 12.

Reinforcing power trusses are added to ground level to increase the stud wall load bearing capacity of the glass. These were not necessary and are uncommon in small residential builds, but were installed for precaution.

The trenches were excavated for footings (A.S.2870). Raft footings- EB (300, D550) and SB (W300, D550).

Pad footings (W1000, L1000, D600) 70mm thick packing sand is laid down to create a reliable surface to lay the concrete foundations. A 0.2mm polythene membrane is then laid on top to waterproof the slab.

Timber formwork is placed in preparation for pouring the concrete. Set downs are also assembled for the courtyard and entrances to avoid water entry into building. Steel reinforcement is laid down on plastic chairs.

The raft beams receive a bottom and top reinforcement of trench mesh 3-L12TM. The trench mesh comes in lengths of 6m. The whole slab has a SL92 square mesh reinforcement. The square mesh comes in dimensions of 6m x 2.4m.

Hydronic heating piping is tied to the top of the square mesh. Concrete arrives in truck and is poured onto the slab from the north side of the sie towards STAGE 9 - ROOF COVER the south near the road. It is spread using hand trowels, vibrated with a vibrator stick and then levelled with a trowel machine. Finally, the timber formwork is Waterproof membrane (sarking) and insulation is laid over roof trusses. removed.

‘Lysaght Trimdek’ metal roof decking sheet is screwed to the trusses. The screws have a rubber washer to ensure waterproofing.

The highest edges of the roof sheeting are upturned to prevent water running back. Per A.S. 1562. A 3 degree slope allows for gentle water run off into the STAGE 3 - GROUND FLOOR STRUCTURAL FRAMING box gutters.

Prefabricated steel members trucked to site.

The smaller roofed areas have a gradient of 2 degrees. The box gutters installed for the main roof is 300 x 100 and the smaller roofed areas have a 200 x The columns will be made from SHS 89x89x5 and 100x100x6 and the beams are universal beams 310UB40.4 and 200UB25.4.

100.

The steel members are carried my hand and can be altered on site with an electric saw in order to adjust for errors.

Colorbond flashing is attached where roofing and parapet meet and where gutters and roofing meet. Capping is attached to the parapets. All the flashing, First, rebates are cut out of the concrete slab using a wet saw. The location of all the columns and steel members are decided by the structural engineer. capping and roofing overlap and underlap to ensure that no water can get into the house by wind or gravity.

The columns are bolted into the rebate joints with packing between the concrete and steel to make for a snug fit and allows for movement.

The small balconies are waterproofed with a membrane.

The beams are bolted to the columns on their underside, while smaller beams are bolted between the flanges of the larger beams.

The places carrying less loads do not require steel beams and therefore have timber beams. These beams are attached to the steel columns or beams (see detail).

STAGE 10 - EXTERNAL CLADDING

STAGE 4 - GROUND FLOOR FRAMING

The stud framing for the ground floor is assembled out of MGP10 studs and noggings on the ground following the plans and then lifted into place. Complying with A.S. 1684.

Temporary timber supporting members are attached to hold the stud walls up until they are attached to the steel columns or beams.

All the timber members can be easily trimmed. Noggings are cut from studs to necessary sizes.

450mm spacing is used in this house. The studs closer to adjacent walls have smaller spacing.

The wall between the neighbours boundary wall and the entry passage is assembled with special consideration of fireproofing. A sarking fireproof membrane is put between the wall and the stud framing to allow a minimum of 2hrs of fire protection.

Steel tension ties reinforce the timber framing. Plywood bracing is also installed in certain areas.

Scaffolding is erected in order to clad the first floor safely. Green weatherproofing membrane mesh (sisalation) is applied to the outside of the building.

Pine timber battens are painted in Dulux Black Matt paint on site because it is easier to paint before attached to the facade.

Weathertx ‘Weather Groove Smooth’ cladding is also painted black in the house. The black battens are connected to the balcony steel frame.

The black Weathertx is connected to the external framing. The overlap of the cladding was also painted black in case of future movement. Packers are used above the entry hallway so that all the cladding lines up neatly. A 75mm thermal foam material and mesh is applied to the ground floor in preparation for the grey cement render.

CFC Soffit lining is placed under the first floor cantilevered exterior parts and painted black to match the cladding above.

STAGE 5 - INTERMEDIATE FLOOR STRUCTURE

STAGE 11 - SERVICES

STAGE 6 - FIRST FLOOR FRAMING

STAGE 12 - FINISHING TRADES

Timber beams are bolted to the steel columns or screwed onto the double studs. Careful attention to where steel I-Beams and bearers meet.

First Floor Posistruts are installed with 450 centres, running the shorter length of the house. Changes were made to the architects and engineers plans. They meet timber bearers flush on and are top hung on steel beams.

The yellow tongue flooring is put down across first floor. Careful attention to the amount stacked at once is made due to their heavy weight. FC waterproofing sheet for the bathrooms is also laid down.

Steel corner balconies are craned into place. The crane was large to be able to lift the balconies above the trees and fencing. The middle balcony is also craned into place. They are held in place with clamps and timber supports.

The middle balcony is welded to the steel beams 200UB29.8.

The stud wall base plate is connected to the first floor flooring. The stud wall framing is then assemble in the same manner as the ground floor. It is then lifted into place and supported by temporary timber brac-ing elements until all walls are complete and secured.

Ties and plywood shear bracing are attached to prevent lateral tension.

All framing to comply with 1684-1993.

Electrical wiring is organised and laid throughout the house. Non- structural members were drilled to allow passage of some wires. The clips holding the wires are spaced to ensure the wires is close to the members.

Plumbing pipes connected to the slab pipes that were closed off with a cap/ tape. Hot and cold water copper pipes are connected to the slab pipes too.

First floor downpipes are connected to the box gutters. Moving the water from the roof to the rainwater tank, and to the stormwater legal point of discharge.

First floor hydronic heating system installed.

Gas pipes are connected to the mains and brought into kitchen.

Coupled solar hot water system is installed on the roof.

Pink fibre insulation batts are put in walls and ceiling and held in place by liquid nails and blue plastic ties.

13mm thick plasterboard is connected to the ceiling and walls using liquid nails. Plaster is spread over the holes, gaps and imperfections.

Stair case is build in situ.

Bathroom is waterproofed and then tiled.

All the joinery is installed next. The cabinetry and storage units.

Kitchen appliances, powerpoints, light switches, light fixtures, and all the bathroom equipment is installed. Windows and bathroom joints are siliconed to ensure waterproofing Reverse cycle Airconditioning unit is installed.

The concrete floors are given final polish, first floor carpets are installed and all the walls are painted white. The ceilings are painted black.

The new exterior gate is connected to the bluestone wall. The site is cleared of all construction material. The interior of the house is cleaned and prepared for the occupants to move in.

ABPL20033 - 2018, Andrew MacKinnon | 836149 |T03, Pei Wen Kwek p. 26