Zapletalova_Artificilization of agricultural land in Prague metropolitan area

ARTIFICIALIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND IN PRAGUE METROPOLITAN AREA HELENA ZAPLETALOVÁ

CONTENT

 Aims  Artificialization as a contemporary issue  Methodology  Selected municipalities within the Prague metropolitan area  Amount and quality of artificialized land in selected area  Suburban dependencies  Summary

AIMS

ď‚Ą Quantitative and qualitative analysis of artificialized agricultural land in

selected municipalities within the Prague metropolitan area ď‚Ą The present state of artificialization and the amount of land planned for

urbanization in the spatial planning documentation /SPD/ ď‚Ą The relationship between the metropolitan area and the soil loss

To contribute the knowledge of landscape planners aimed at the protection of agricultural land and soil quality.

ARTIFICIALIZATION AS A CONTEMPORARY ISSUE LAND DEGRADTION

LAND GRABBING

Pressure of the society to the land and water resources

Land use change from non-urbanized to urbanized areas > Residential Non-residential Built-up area ≠Sealed area

ARTIFICIALIZATION

Occupation of agricultural land by built-up areas

Source: Umweltbundesamt, 2010 ex. Prokop, et al., 2011

SUBURBANIZATION

Spreading o urbanized areas into the city hinterland

Current methodology: _ socio-economic view _ population dynamics _ urban structure

INTEGRATIVE PLANNING Prevention / Protection

Land / soil oriented research

METHODOLOGY BUILT-UP AREA VECTORIZATION

BUILDABLE AREA VECTORIZATION

AGRICULTURAL LAND PROTECTION /ALP/ CLASSES CLASSIFICATION _ reclassification, intersection

SELECTION OF STUDY AREA _ metropolitan area r=50km, 71 municipalities

PREPARATION METROPOLITAN AREA DEFINITION _ITI _4 metropolitan areas (Ouředníček)

DATA ACQUISITION COLLECTION OF DATA _ orthophoto _ WMS services _ spatial planning documentation _ spatial analytical documentation _ Corine land cover _ Soil sealing map _ BPEJ units map

ANALYSIS SUBURBAN DEPENDENCIES _ GIS analysis (ArcMap) _ statistical analysis (STATISTICA)

INDICATORS DETERMINATION _ selection of indicators (p. 42) _ location-related, socio-economic and planning determinants

STUDY AREA 

71 randomly selected villages within the Prague metropolitan area in Czech Republic (r=50km) /Central Bohemia, Ústecký region/



Mosaic of different landscape characters with high proportion of fertile arable land, deep meandering river valleys and valuable natural protected areas and forests Climatic region

T1 warm, dry

T2 warm, semi-dry T3 warm, semi-wet MT1 semi-warm, dry MT2 semi-warm, semi-dry

0

10

20

30

40

km 50 0

10

20

30

40

km 50

Location within Czech Republic

MT4 semi-warm, wet MCH semi-cold, wet

Population density < 25 26-50

ALP class ALP class I

51-100

ALP class II

101-250

ALP class III

0

10

20

30

40

km 50

Structure of the landscape

0

10

20

30

40

km 50

Alp classification

251-500

ALP class IV

ALP class V

0

10

20

30

40

km 50

Population density

501-1000 1000 >

QUANTITY ARTIFICIALIZATION IN PRAGUE METROPOLITAN AREA BUILT-UP AREA, BUILDABLE AREA AND SEALED SOIL



Amount of total EU area in 2006 (EEA) _ 4.4% artificialized (389 m²/inh) _ 2.3% sealed (200 m²/inh)



Czech national average in 2006 (EEA) _ 7% artificialized (490 m²/inh) _ 3% sealed (230 m²/inh)



Amount of land in selected municipalities (2015) _ 13% artificialized ( 539 m²/inh) _ 7% sealed (303 m²/inh)

QUALITY_BUILT-UP AREA ARTIFICIALIZATION IN PRAGUE METROPOLITAN AREA BUILT-UP AREA SOIL QULAITY



The largest amount of high quality artificialized land (ALP class I and II) is located in the SE sector from Prague.



The largest built-up areas are located in the municipalities with high population number and population density.

Although the biggest built-up area within the selected municipalities is located in Mělník (soils with lower quality).

QUALITY_BUILDABLE AREA ARTIFICIALIZATION IN PRAGUE METROPOLITAN AREA BUILT-UP AND BUILDABLE AREA SOIL QULAITY



Increase of urbanized area, forests and decrease of agricultural land.

AGRICULTURAL LAND

FORESTS AND NATURAL AREAS

URBANIZED AREAS

CORINE LAND USE CHANGES [ha]

2012

210

5 471

4 993

14 602

14 325

1990

210

30 239

The municipalities with good connection to the infrastructure tend to grow more, such as already developed municipalities.

30 994



WATER BODIES

QUALITY OF ARTIFICIALIZED LAND ï&#x201A;¡

Proportional increase in buildable area in all soil quality classes of 30%

BUILT-UP AND BUILDABLE AREA ALP CLASSES DISTRIBUTION

PRAGUE GRAPH OF QUALITY OF TOTAL AMOUNT OF ARTIFICIALIZED LAND IN SPD (BUILDABLE AREA)

SUBURBAN DEPENDENCIES ï&#x201A;¡

The highest amount of built-up, buildable and sealed area in study area happens in the 10 km buffer from the Prague border (30-40 minutes commuting time)

Distance from Prague [km]

GRAPH OF BUILT-UP AND BUILDABLE AREA IN RELATION TO DISTANCE, POPULATON AND COMMUTING

PRAGUE

SUBURBAN DEPENDENCIES

Suburban dependencies Suburban dependencies 600

THE MOST INFLUENTIAL FACTORS

Number of commuting people /COM/



POP[Inh] Population

Population

30

300

200

1 000

200

100

500

40

km 50

0

< 500 500 - 1000 1000 - 2000 2000 >

0

25 25

(Use of Pearson linear and Spearman non-linear correlation For more information p.48-51)

20

1 500

0

/TIMC,DISC/

10

300

400

100

Commuting time and distance to Prague

0

2 000

Area [ha]

Area [ha]

/POP,DEN/



400

500

Population and population density

30

35

30

40

45

35

40

Built-up area trend

10

20

30

40

km 50

Number of people commuting to Prague

50

55

Cadastral area trend Buildable area trend

Buildable area trend

COM [Inh] Com_Prague

0

45

Commuting 50 55time to60Prague [min]

Commuting time to Prague [min] LEGEND SUBURBAN LEGEND Population trend Population trend Cadastral Built-up area area trendtrend RELATIONSHIPS

< 80 80 - 240 240 - 720 720 >

Population



2 500

500

600

DISC [km] Dist_c_km

0

10

20

30

40

km 50

10 20 30 40 -

Commuting distance to Prague

20 30 40 50

60

CONCLUSION  The land use change trend correlates with the EU trend, however more detailed

research and study in the local scale should be done – European tools are not precise enough  The amount of built-up area and the ratio artificialized/sealed land in selected

municipalities is higher than national average, as well as the - influence of metropolitan area  The high quality agricultural land is being lost in the SE sector of Prague

metropolitan area – soil quality distribution within the landscape  The municipalities tend to grow regularly and the artificialization would affect all

soil qualities equally (about 30%) – within 10 km and 30 minutes commuting time. The accessibility by car seems to be more important factor for urbanization than public transport. 

The future development depends crucially on the municipality authorities and smart planning

INTEGRATIVE PLANNING “We can change existing trends in territory development thanks to the integrative spatial /landscape/ planning.”

Seltzer, 2002

QUESTIONS ď&#x201A;Ą For the CORINE inadequacy that was recognized, would it be possible to obtain the

urban pattern directly from the ortho-photo? Any thoughts on how this would be achieved? _ the manual vectorization over the historical ortho-photo map (CUZK, WMS http://geoportal.cuzk.cz/WMS_ORTOFOTO_ARCHIV/WMService.aspx)

ď&#x201A;Ą How does this period of development (1990 - 2011) compare to other periods of

development in Prague or the Czech Republic? Is it greater? _ suburban type development after releasing of communist regime (1997-2008) _ the trend previously non existing in CZ _ suburban zone growing faster than the metropolitan zone and inner city _ greater in Prague metropolitan area than in smaller cities

QUESTIONS ď&#x201A;Ą The strong pressure to develop in the south, is that correlated to the commuting

time to Prague? Is it possible that the south is simply better connected to the city? _ expressway closeness > office and commercial areas > more attractive for developers

Time_car < 30

0

10

0 10 20 km 30 20 30 40 50

40

km 50

Buildable area Buildable area all_built_Dissolve all_built_Dissolve Built-up area

31 - 40 41 - 50 51>

Time_car TIMC [min] < 30 31 - 40 41 - 50 51>

Time_car Time_car < 30 < 30