Zaman International School Newspaper Issue 23

Volume 2 Issue 23

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL NEWSPAPER

“You’re going to reach the top with us.”

1 April 2005

Khmer New Year W

hen seeing or hearing the word `Khmer' such as ` K h m e r N e w Ye a r ' , K h m e r Community, or Khmer Temple, many people are not familiar

with the word `Khmer', and they ask what "Khmer" is? We would like to take this opportunity to provide a brief explanation about the word "Khmer". In

Cambodian intellectuals to d i s c u s s, s o w e l e a v e t h i s discussion alone.

Now, we would like to provide a brief description about Khmer or

who changed the New Year to the fifth month of the lunar calendar, in April by the solar c a l e n d a r. 9 5 % o f K h m e r population are farmers, and the

ZAMAN NEWSPAPER

practice, the two words, Khmer and Cambodian, can be used to replace each other. For example, Khmer New Year or Cambodian New Year, Khmer People or Cambodian People except `Khmer Rouge'.

Kampuchea is a countr y of Khmer people. Kampuchea can be called [Khmer country].

The French call Kampuchea "Le Cambodge" and call the Khmer male "Le Cambodgien", the Khmer female as La Cambodgienne. A bit different from French, English usage names Kampuchea "Cambodia" and the Khmer people "Cambodian." However, the full definition of what is Khmer and what is Cambodian remains a large topic for Khmer or

C a m b o d i a n N e w Ye a r f o r people to get to know Khmer Culture better. In Cambodia, Khmer New Year is the greatest traditional festival, and also it is the greatest national holiday because it is three days of festival and sometimes can be four days. Khmer New Year begins on April 13th or can be on April 14th, depending on the "MohaSangkran," which is the ancient horoscope. In fact, K h m e r N e w Ye a r o r i g i n a l l y began on the first day of the first month in lunar calendar, which can be in November or the beginning of December. In the Angkor Era, the 13th Century, the Khmer King, either Suriyavaraman II or Jayavaraman VII, was the one

period from November through March is the busiest season for Khmer farmers to reap or harvest the crops from the rice fields.

Khmer people can find free time in April because there is no rain, and it is ver y hot, so Khmer farmers have the time to take vacation after they have worked ver y hard to gather the rice crops from their rice fields to get their income. Therefore, April is the right time for Khmer in Cambodia to celebrate New Year. The Khmer New Year festival originated from Bramhmanism, a part of Hinduism, which was a religion that Khmer believed in before Buddhism. Later on Buddhism became associated with the festival and then took all the important roles in the festivity.

Zaman, Publisher Yasin Erdem, Editor-in Chief Zulfi Erken, Editor at Large

Prepared by 10- B Zaman International School Newspaper dedicated to educating students and training journalists.

Published 2 times a month in Zaman International School.

Copyright 2003 by the Zaman International School.

All rights reserved.

No part of this periodical may be reproduced in print or electronically without the consent of The Zaman International School.

1 April 2005

ZAMAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL NEWSPAPER

2

GENERAL Usually, Khmer New Year is celebrated for three days: The first day of New Year is called as Moha Sangkran, and it can be described simply as the inauguration of the New Angels who come to take care the world for a one-year period. This year is the year of Snake (Msanh), and Moha Sangkran of the New Year will begin on April 13th at 11:

parents, grandparents and elders. Usually, Khmer People like to share gifts or presents to employees and also donate money or clothes to poor people. In the evening, people go to temple to build a mountain of sand and ask the monks to give them a blessing of happiness and peace.

The third day is called as day of

36 PM. The leader of Angels is named KimiteaTevi. People need to clean and decorate the house and also prepare fruits and drinks for the New Year inauguration and to welcome the New Angels at every single home. Elderly people like to meditate or pray the Dharma at that time because they believe that any angel who comes to their houses at that time will stay with them and take care of their f a m i l y f o r t h e w h o l e y e a r.

Actually, in the morning at the first day of New Year, most Khmer people prepare food to offer the monks at Khmer temple to get blessed. It is a great time for boys and girls to play traditional games together at the temple or any field or playground in their village because it is only at the New Year time that boys and girls are allowed to play or to get together. Also it is a wonderful time for single people to search for the special partner to get married in the future. In the past 30 years, "Dating" did not exist in Cambodia.

The second day of New Year is c a l l e d a s Wa n a b o t, w h i c h means day of offering gifts to the

"Leung Sakk;" that means the year starts to be counted up from this day, for example the year of 2000 begins to be 2001, the year of 2543 BC becomes 2544 BC...etc. Traditionally, in the morning, we used to go to the temple to perform the ceremony of the mountain of sand to get blessed. In the evening, to complete the New Year festival, our Khmer people need to per form the last ceremony, called as "Pithi Srang Preah", which means giving a special bath or a special shower to Buddha statues, the monks, elders, parents, grand parents to apologize for any mistake we have done to them and to gratify them. Every one must have a wonderful time during this ceremony because it is a great opportunity for every one, young and old, man and woman to have much fun by spreading out water to each other.

Khmer New Year is not just the great traditional festival for Cambodian, and it can make Cambodian to build up many unforgettable souvenirs.

Heal Panha

Little Known Biological Facts A cockroach will live nine days without its head, before it starves to death.

Dentists have recommended that a toothbrush be kept at least 6 feet away from a toilet to avoid airborne particles resulting from the flush.

Our eyes are always the same size from birth.

Butterflies taste with their feet.

Elephants are the only animals that can't jump.

An ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain.

Our nose and ears never stop growing.

The liquid inside young coconuts can be used as substitute for blood plasma.

Yo u b u r n m o r e c a l o r i e s sleeping than you do watching television.

Apples, not caffeine, are more efficient at waking you up in the morning.

feet.

Banging your head against a wall uses 150 calories an hour.

H u m a n s, d o l p h i n s a n d Bonobo Chimpanzees are the only species that have sex for pleasure.

On average people fear spiders more than they do death.

The strongest muscle in the body is the TONGUE. It's impossible to sneeze with your eyes open.

You can't kill yourself by holding your breath.

Americans on the average eat 18 acres of pizza every day.

Every time you lick a stamp, you're consuming 1/10 of a calorie.

Did you know that you are more likely to be killed by a champagne cork than by a poisonous spider?

Right-handed people live, on Most dust particles in your house are made from dead skin. average, nine years longer than left-handed people do.

SOME WEIRD FACTS In ancient Egypt, Priests plucked EVERY hair from their If you yelled for 8 years, 7 bodies, including their eyebrows months and 6 days, you would and eyelashes. have produced enough sound A pig's orgasm lasts for 30 energy to heat one cup of minutes. coffee.

A crocodile cannot stick its If you fart consistently for 6 tongue out. years and 9 months, enough The ant can lift 50 times its gas is produced to create the own weight, can pull 30 times its energy of an atomic bomb. own weight and always falls over The human heart creates on its right side when intoxicated. enough pressure when it pumps Polar bears are left handed. out to the body to squirt blood 30 Yasin Erdem

1 April 2005

ZAMAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL NEWSPAPER

3

HEALTH

What Is A Smoking Addiction?

A

smoking addiction means a person has formed an uncontrollable dependence on cigarettes to the point where stopping smoking would cause severe emotional, mental, or physical reactions.

Everyone knows that smoking is harmful and addictive, but few people realize just how risky and addictive it is.

Chances are that about one in three smokers who do not stop will eventually die because of their smoking. Some will die in their 40s, others will die later. On average, they will die 10 to 15 years earlier than they would have died from other causes.

Most smokers want to stop and do indeed try, but only one in three succeeds in stopping permanently before age 60. By this time, much harm may have been done to the body - some of it irreversible.

Those who eventually quit smoking usually try to stop two or three times before they're successful.

Only 2.5 percent of smokers successfully quit each year.

The reason why so many people fail to stop is because they are addicted. Being addicted does not mean that you cannot stop only that it is likely to be difficult.

Anyone can succeed if he or she goes about it in the right way.

Why Is Smoking Addictive?

Nicotine is the drug in tobacco that causes addiction. It is absorbed and enters the bloodstream, through the lungs when smoke is inhaled, and through the lining of the mouth (buccal mucosa) when tobacco is chewed or used as oral snuff or for non-inhaled pipe and cigar smoking. It is also absorbed through the nose from nasal snuff, which was popular in the 18th century.

As with other addictions, it is difficult to give up smoking, and without help most smokers fail despite trying many times. Even after stopping successfully for a while, most relapse within 2 to 3 months. More alarming perhaps than the strength of the addiction is the ease with which it develops. Although teenagers often start smoking for p s y c h o s o c i a l r e a s o n s, t h e effects of nicotine soon gain control.

Studies show that tobacco use usually begins in early adolescence, and those who begin smoking at an early age are more likely to develop severe nicotine addiction than those who start later. Each day, more than 4,800 adolescents smoke their first cigarette, and 42 percent of them go on to become regular smokers.

Is Smoking A Physical Addiction?

Smoking is a physical addiction that produces a "chain reaction" in the body: Nicotine acts on receptors normally used by one of the main neurotransmitters in the brain and ner vous system ( a c e t y l c h o l i n e ) .

Neurotransmitters are the "chemical messengers" released by ner ve cells to communicate with other cells by altering their electrical activity.

The body responds to nicotine at these receptors as if it was the natural transmitter (acetylcholine) and the activity and physiological functions of many brain systems are altered.

With repeated nicotine dosage the body adapts to what it regards as extra acetylcholine in an attempt to restore normal function. One way it does this is to grow more acetylcholine receptors.

Smoking As A Drug-Taking Activity Most smokers absorb sufficient nicotine to obtain pharmacological effects. The modern cigarette is a highly effective device for getting nicotine to the brain.

The smoke is mild enough to be inhaled deeply into the lungs.

Due to the large surface area of the lungs, nicotine is absorbed rapidly into the bloodstream and reach es th e brai n wi th i n 7 seconds - more rapidly than after an intravenous injection.

In this way the smoker gets a small intravenous-like shot of nicotine after each inhaled puff: 20 cigarettes a day, each puffed 10 times, comes to more than 70,000 "shots" per year.

On average, smokers take in about 1 milligram (mg) nicotine from each cigarette, although some take 2 milligrams or more while others are satisfied with 0.5 milligrams or less. By altering puff-rate, puff-size and amount of inhalation, smokers unconsciously regulate their nicotine i n t a ke t o t h e i r i n d i v i d u a l l y preferred levels, which are kept fairly constant from one day to the next.

Facts About Smoking And Addiction * Smoking-related illnesses cause about 440,000 deaths each year in the U.S. * Smoking is responsible for 87 percent of lung cancers and also causes most cases of emphysema and chronic bronchitis . * To b a c c o u s e, e s p e c i a l l y smoking, is the number one cause of preventable disease and death in the U.S. * Cigarettes contain at least 43 distinct cancer-causing chemicals. * Nicotine is as highly addictive as heroin and cocaine. * Approximately 80 percent of adult smokers started smoking before age 18. * Most people try to quit smoking several times before they're successful. Only 2.5 percent of smokers successfully quit each year. * The benefits of quitting smoking begin to occur within 20 minutes of the last cigarette smoked. * A person who stops smoking will have the same risk of heart disease and death 15 years after quitting as someone who has never smoked. * Secondhand smoke is known to cause cancer and is responsi-

ble for approximately 3,000 lung cancer deaths in nonsmokers each year.

Passive smoking Passive smoking is defined as a condition by which a nonsmoker is forced to inhale the diluted "sidestream smoke and exhaled mainstream smoke" in a closed o r o p e n e n v i r o n m e n t. T h e extend of an exposure of a nonsmoker depends not only on the amount of smoke generated, but also on the physical conditions of the environment (as already mentioned), lung volume and breathing frequency, age and the personal health condition.

What does passive smoking do to us?

According to WHO and most other national / international health organizations, tobacco active smoking is the number one cause of damage to health and mortality. In almost a similar manner but to different extent, involuntary exposure to other people's tobacco smoke (also called "Environmental Tobacco Smoke" = ETS), known as passive smoking, is to be also considered as a serious health risk to non-smokers, particularly to children. Chronic passive smoking leads to: an enhanced incidence of mortality from cancers of different sites an enhanced incidence of mortality from coronary heart disease an enhanced susceptibility to infections an enhanced susceptibility to allergens affects genetic materials affects enzymes and thus the metabolic system affects fertility and reproductive organs affects brain and causes nervous behavior and irritability affects concentration and learning abilities, particularly in children Affects hearing and visual abilities Affects lung function

Yasin Erdem

1 April 2005

ZAMAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL NEWSPAPER

4

GENERAL

M

MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

i d d l e E a s t Te c h n i c a l University is founded under the name of "Orta Dogu Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü" (Middle East High Technology Institute) on November 15th, 1956 to contribute to the development o f Tu r k e y a n d M i d d l e E a s t countries and especially to train people as to create a skilled workforce in the fields of natural and social sciences. "Arrange-

campus location which is the first university campus of Turkey.

In 1956, the first academic program to start education was the Department of Architecture.

Then in spring semester of 1957, Department of Mechanical Engineering launched its academic program. At the onset of 1957-1958 academic year, the Faculty of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering and

merit and excellence in scientific, cultural and intellectual studies as well as owing to the accomplished and qualified METU graduates, the University has become one of the distinguished and respectable institutions of Turkey. Today, the University is proud to employ about 700 faculty (professors, associates professors etc.), 300 academic instructors and over

METU CAMPUS ments and Procedures as for the Foundation of METU, Law No 6887" was enacted on January 29th, 1957. Finally, "Foundation Act No 7307", which sets forth the particular standing of METU and describes the conditions rendering METU as a juridical entity, was enacted on May 27th, 1959.

Middle East Technical University's presence brought about new methods and introduced innovations to Turkish higher education system manifesting METU as a pioneer of modern education nationwide. In its earliest years, part of METU was located in a small building that belonged Social Security Office of Retirees at Kizilay's Müdafaa Street and the other section was located in the barracks behind the TBMM (Turkey's National Grand Assembly). In 1963, the University moved to its current

Faculty of Administrative Sciences were established. In 1959, the tasks undertaken to establish Faculty of Arts and Sciences were completed.

Faculty of Education launched its academic program in 1982.

Today, there are a total of 37 undergraduate programs in five faculties of METU. There are 67 graduate programs available in Graduate Schools of Natural Sciences, Social Sciences, Informatics, Applied Mathematics and Marine Sciences Graduate Schools.

Marine Sciences conducts the academic program studies at Içel-Erdemli.

The language of instruction at METU is English. METU School of Foreign Languages takes the initiative to teach English to students at Preparatory School.

Owing to the quality academic education that emphasizes

1.000 research assistants. It is a great pleasure to offer education to over 20.000 students. The total number of the alumni now is above 60.000.

International Perspective Being a university with an international perspective, over 5% of the faculty is formed of visiting staff from abroad. Each year, approximately the same percentage of the Turkish faculty goes to foreign universities or research institutes as visiting faculty or researchers. Around 70% of METU's full-time faculty has studied abroad and most of these have obtained their doctorate degrees at a foreign university.

High Standards of Education METU strives to maintain a high standard of education by international standards. Several departments in the Engineering Faculty have been evaluated,

a t M E T U ' s r e q u e s t, b y t h e "Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET)" and their programs were given approval by this Board.

Because of METU's effort to maintain international standards, the "Faculty of Engineering" was awarded in 1977 the "Silver Badge of Honor" by the "UNESCO International Center for Engineering Education" and the "Meritorious Achievement Award in Accreditation Activities" by the "American Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers".

Campus The campus area is 4500 hectares and the forest area is 3043 hectares, including Lake Eymir, about 20 kilometers from the centrum of Ankara. The lake is available to METU students for rowing, fishing, picnicking and general recreational activities.

Bus service is provided from the METU main campus and locations in the city to the lake.

Life at METU The main part of the campus has dormitor y capacity for approximately 6000 students who benefit from a shopping area, banks, post office and many eating places. Also a wide v a r i e t y o f s p o r t s f a c i l i t i e s, including gymnasiums, tennis courts, basketball and football fields, jogging trails, olympic-size indoor swimming pool, and an outdoor swimming pool are available on METU campus.

Among off campus facilities, METU has lodges at Elmadag, 30 kilometers from the METU campus, and a resort at Uludag near Bursa where mountain climbing and various skiing activities are possible.

Activities Throughout the academic year, students can enjoy art exhibitions, concerts, recitals, cinema and theater events as well as a variety of social and academic activities. The Cultural and Convention Center hosts many of these events and many more.

One of the most favored social activities is the traditional International Spring Festival held in May.

Heal Panha

1 April 2005

ZAMAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL NEWSPAPER

5

GENERAL

TSUNAMI DISASTER

I

ndian Ocean countries and UN experts have agreed on a timetable for a tsunami early warning system.

At a meeting in Paris, delegates decided the system, which could save thousands of lives, would be installed in three stages.

However, the cost of the system and the location of a central tsunami warning office have yet to be decided.

An estimated 300,000 people died when giant waves, set off by an earthquake, laid waste to Indian Ocean coastlines.

Only countries bordering the Pacific Ocean are covered by a tsunami warning system at present.

Tsunami early warning system Experts at the Paris meeting voiced hopes that similar systems could one day be installed across the Mediterranean and the Atlantic Ocean.

'Educational issue' In the first, interim step towards a full tsunami warning system, Japan and the US will provide alerts on seismic activity in the Indian Ocean region.

The second step will see tidal movement gauges fitted near Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia, while 15 such gauges that are already in place will be upgraded.

In the third and final phase, expected to be completed by the end of 2006, a regional warning centre will be built, with links to a network of gauges and underwater sensors across the region.

UN representatives and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission will meet again to work out the cost of the system and the location of the warning centre.

Reid Basher, a senior advisor at the UN's International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, said the new international system would only work if individual nations also trained people in reacting to tsunami warnings.

"Countries still have to get the educational issue resolved," he said.

What is a Tsunami? approach the shallow coastal the effect of a tsunami. Areas at A tsunami (pronounced “soo- waters, they appear normal and greatest risk are less than 50 feet nahm'ee”) is a series of waves the speed decreases. Then as above sea level and within one mile of the shoreline.

3. People who are near the seashore during a strong earthquake should listen to a radio for a tsunami warning and be ready to evacuate at once to higher ground.

4. Rapid changes in the water level are an indication of an approaching tsunami.

5. Tsunamis arrive as a series of successive “crests” (high water levels) and “troughs” (low water levels). These successive crests and troughs can occur anywhere from 5 to 90 minutes apart. They usually occur 10 to 45 minutes apart.

DID YOU KNOW . . . * In 1964, an Alaskan earthquake generated a tsunami with waves between 10 and 20 feet high along parts of the California, Oregon, and Washington coasts. This tsunami caused more than $84 million in damage in Alaska and a total of 123 fatalities. * Although tsunamis are rare along the Atlantic coastline, a severe earthquake on November 18, 1929, in the Grand Banks of Newfoundland generated a tsunami that caused considerable damage and loss of life at Placentia Bay, Newfoundland. * In 1946, a tsunami with waves of 20 to 32 feet crashed into Hilo, Hawaii, flooding the downtown area and killing 159 people. * The Tsunami Warning Centers in Honolulu, Hawaii, and Palmer, Alaska, monitor disturbances that trigger tsunamis. When a tsunami is recorded, it is tracked and a tsunami warning is issued generated by an undersea the tsunami nears the coastline, to the threatened area. d i s t u r b a n c e s u c h a s a n it may grow to great height and * Most deaths during a tsunami earthquake. From the area of smash into the shore, causing a r e a r e s u l t o f d r o w n i n g .

Associated risks include the disturbance, the waves will much destruction. travel outward in all directions, 1. Tsunamis are caused by an f l o o d i n g , p o l l u t e d w a t e r much like the ripples caused by underwater disturbance usually supplies, and damaged gas throwing a rock into a pond. The a n u n d e r s e a e a r t h q u a k e. lines. time between wave crests may Landslides, volcanic eruptions, * Since 1945, more people have be from 5 to 90 minutes, and the and even meteorites can also b e e n k i l l e d a s a r e s u l t o f tsunamis than as a direct result wave speed in the open ocean generate a tsunami. will average 450 miles per hour. 2. Ts u n a m i s c a n o r i g i n a t e of an earthquake's groundTsunamis reaching heights of hundreds or even thousands of shaking. more than 100 feet have been miles away from coastal areas. r e c o r d e d . A s t h e w a v e s Local geography may intensify Troeng Sreng

1 April 2005

6

ZAMAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL NEWSPAPER

CULTURE

P

Pablo Picasso

ablo Picasso was born in he saw and felt about them. The friends urged him to retire when Malaga, Spain in 1881. He way he saw things wasn't always he was 78 but he refused. Pablo is one of the most famous as they really were. He kept on was so productive that some of his critics thought that his work was superficial. Sometimes he painted three paintings in a day.

He was "obsessed with the creative process itself and would work on a theme in many

Picasso will always be famous because he dared to be different.

Later Life and Work In his later years Picasso turned to creations of fantasy and comic invention. He worked consistently in sculpture, ceramics, and in the graphic arts, produc-

"I am always doing that which I cannot do, in order that I may learn how to do it." artists in the world. When he was young he amazed friends by drawing a per fect picture without lifting his pencil or looking at the paper. Pablo had many different periods in his artwork.

Two of his most famous paintings are Guernica and the Young Ladies of Avignon. He even created a new way to sculpt and paint! His work was also an important step in Modern art.

Picasso painted things the way

working right up to his death in.

1973.

Picasso took many risks in his life.

The Nazis said that sculptors could not use bronze to create statues with after they had captured Paris. But he still used bronze after one of his close friends commented to him that plastic was temporar y and bronze forever.

Pablo was very creative and had a deep passion for his work. His

different mediums until he had m a d e i t p a r t o f h i m s e l f. " (Macdonald, Pablo Picasso).

Picasso was very a possessive individual. He maintained a love/hate relationship with his old friends. When his friend Georges Braque visited Pablo in Midi, Pa b l o w o u l d s t r u t a r o u n d after ward saying "You see, Braque came to me first; he realizes I'm more important than he is." Picasso was furious when he found mutual friends at Braque's studio; he almost never informed Braque of his visits.

Other examples of his possessiveness were when he said "Nobody has any real import a n c e t o m e. A s f a r a s I ' m concerned, other people are like those little grains of dust in the sunlight. It only takes a push of the broom and out they go."

Picasso also made the comm e n t, “ Wo m e n a r e e i t h e r Goddesses or doormats." Pablo Picasso was an individualist; he never did anything like everyone else. Just when people thought they knew what to expect, he surprised them again. Pablo

ing thousands of superb drawings, illustrations, and stage designs. With unabated vigor he painted brilliant variations on the works of other masters, including Delacroix and VelĂĄzquez, and continued to explore new aspects of his personal vision until his death. His notable later w o r k s i n c l u d e Ra p e o f t h e Sabines (1963; Picasso Mus., Paris) and Young Bather with Sand Shovel (1971; private collection, France). By virtue of his vast energies and overwhelming power of invention Picasso remains outstanding among the masters of the ages

Leng khemrith

1 April 2005

ZAMAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL NEWSPAPER

7

ENTERTAINMENT

Where are those names?

Levent Gulderen

1 April 2005

ZAMAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL NEWSPAPER

8

SPORT

What is Wrestling?

W

restling is known to be man's oldest sport and was a charter member of the first O l y m p i c s. B e c a u s e s o m e techniques of wrestling derived from combative sports that were intended to dismember, injure, or kill opponents in battles and wars, the rules were changed ensuring students safety and without hurting opponents.

Wrestling differs from popular combative sports like boxing, judo, jujitsu, sombo, karate, aikido, & kendo by disallowing: kicking, punching, or striking techniques of any kind; application of pressure against the joints to score; equipment or weapons of any sort; or gripping the uniform. Wrestling also disallows biting, scratching, eye gauging and other harmful defense strategies. Wrestling is simple and basic using the science of fulcrum, leverage, and motion to attempt to control each other.

The simple nature of wrestling also makes its complex, and mastery of basic wrestling skills takes extensive repetitions, time, effort, and energy, connecting thorough physical and mental training.

Wr e s t l i n g i s m o r e t h a n j u s t learning physical skills; it is physical, intellectual, and moral education. Wrestling has its own c u l t u r e, s y s t e m s, h e r i t a g e, customs, and traditions from all over the world. The discipline students learn from the practice mats is applied via relations with friends, family, work colleagues, and strangers. Wrestling teaches its students a way of behaving, and a manner consistent with citizenship. It is practiced in local clubs, junior high and high schools, colleges, regional, national training centers, and Olympic Training Centers across the world. Millions are exposed to the fantastic elevating sport wrestling and way of life.

Wrestling is a thorough and challenging physical activity. It develops physical education by improving strength, flexibility, agility, speed, dynamic and static balance, explosive power, a n d e n d u r a n c e. C o u n t e r attacks and attacks increase

reaction time, coordination, and bodily self-esteem. Through their application of wrestling, students develop into mentally & physically more powerful people.

Coaches Hall & Shan Wrestling students learn the specific skills of wrestling while

producing gains in athletic ability. They learn to take down and throw their opponents to the mat accurately, safely, and under control. Because there are many of these types of throws and take downs, they usually master only a handful, and this is sufficient to be

successful in wrestling competitions.

Wrestling students are taught basic philosophy and dynamic of controlling foes to the mat through the application of take down and pinning techniques.

Daily wrestling practice affords proficiency both wrestling on the mat and standing giving wrestling students a vast selection of techniques, skills, knowledge, and abilities. In this way, students become excellent athletes, with a solid repertoire of s k i l l s, a n d f o r m i d a b l e a n d imposing opponents in competition Wrestling students learn how to control their feelings, emotions, and impulses. They are taught values of perseverance, dignity, loyalty, and discipline. Wrestling students are taught how to apply principles of hard work, morality, and integrity. They learn to deal with adversity and to show bravery under pressure. Practice and competition teach them about justice, fair play, and judgment calls. These experiences teach them respect, modesty, and humility that enhance their growth as thriving citizens of society. Wrestling encourages values so that students contribute to becoming productive in their communities, region, and country; thus, creating a better home for all.

Kats @ ETHS Wrestling teaches social skills that foster lifelong and significant interactions with others.

Because of the mutual time spent in demanding training s e s s i o n s, o n t r i p s, a n d i n c o m p e t i t i o n s, b o n d s a r e formed. This camaraderie that is learned extends almost anywhere social interactions occur. Wrestlers have a common connection and are accepted in every town, city, and nation in the world where t h e r e a r e o t h e r w r e s t l e r s.

Wrestling connects people by transcending borders, cultural barriers, and language difficulties. The role of wrestling is; thus, bigger than sport‌it is a way of life.

Im Sochetra