May 18, 2019

Volume 31 Number 3 • May 18, 2019

®

The Weekly News Source for Wyoming’s Ranchers, Farmers and AgriBusiness Community • www.wylr.net

A Look Inside Agriculture contracts should be reviewed by a lawyer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 2 Wrongful spraying wreaks havoc on private landowners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 4 Student artists recognized in Cheyenne for their winning bookmarks. . . . . . . . . . . . Page 8 Genetic engineering could spell trouble for scientists and cattle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 9

Quick Bits Gray Wolf The U.S Fish and Wildlife Service announce an extension to the public comment for the delisting of the gray wolf from the threatened and endangered wildlife list. The original 60-day comment period ended May 14, but has been extended an additional 60 days until July 15. Public hearing information will be published in the Federal Register following the comment period.

CRP Open

USDA’s Farm Service Agency (FSA) will accept applications beginning June 3 for certain practices under the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) continuous signup and will offer extensions for expiring CRP contracts. The 2018 Farm Bill reauthorized CRP, one of the country’s largest conservation programs. CRP allows agricultural producers to set aside land to reduce soil erosion, improve water quality, provide habitat for wildlife and boost soil health.

Tariff Funds President Trump stated the proceeds from the increased tariffs on Chinese goods will generate more than $100 billion that will be used to buy products from American producers most impacted by the tariffs.

Trump announced in early May he would increase the 10% tariff rate to 25% on $250 billion worth of Chinese goods following issues with his trade deal.

U.S. Beef The World Agriculture Supply and Demand Estimates Report forecasts increases in beef production in 2020 based on higher projected steer and heifer slaughter and carcass weights. Under the assumption trade policies remain consistent, it is expected tightness in competitor beef supplies, and firm global demand will support strong U.S. beef exports in comparison to 2019.

North American cattleman agree passage of USMCA is crucial Following a meeting at the Mexican Cattleman’s Convention, leaders of the National Cattleman’s Beef Association (NCBA), Canadian Cattleman’s Association (CCA) and the Confederación Nacional de Organizaciones

Ganaderas (CNOG), the Mexican cattleman’s organization, agreed prompt passage of the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) is in the best interest of cattle producers across North America.

“USMCA was on every-

Grouse orders

Cheyenne – May 15’s Sage Grouse Implementation Team (SGIT) meeting focused around Gov. Mark Gordon’s draft Sage Grouse Executive Order (SGEO), which was released earlier this year.

On April 3, Gordon asked for public review of the existing SGEO, which was originally released in 2007 by Gov. Dave Freudenthal. After reviewing 78 public comments, Gordon issued a draft executive order with the goal of discussing and re-working the draft with input from SGIT. “Sage grouse are an important species to Wyoming,” Gordon said. “The state has a significant interest in seeing that the bird remains protected while allowing for responsible development.”

He added, “This framework is absolutely essential to the bird and making sure Wyoming is able to control what we can.”

New draft In a draft of the SGEO, Gordon aimed to provide clarity and address points of confusion in the existing executive order.

“When we looked at the SGEO, we wanted to make sure there was clarity going forward and give people the opportunity to bring comments that will allow us to improve where we can and identify what

one’s mind while we were in Mexico, and we were able to have robust conversations with leaders from both Canada and Mexico about the importance of this agreement,” said NCBA President Jennifer Houston on a recent

Beltway Beef podcast.

Exports “Exports to Mexico are especially important to us, not only because of their total value, but because we are able to sell products there that have Please see USMCA on page 8

Gov. Gordon discusses new executive order with Sage Grouse Implementation Team works for all of our benefit,” he explained.

Gordon further emphasized working together in addressing wildlife concerns is critical to sustain viable ranching enterprises on the land.

“I appreciate the depth of comments received in response to the SGEO and the thoughtfulness that comments brought,” Gordon noted. “We received some very helpful direction on how to make the SGEO clearer.”

Primary comments Beth Callaway, policy advisor for Gordon, summarized the breadth of comments received, and many Please see GROUSE on page 5

Sage grouse – Sage grouse have been a hot-button issue in Wyoming since the original Sage Grouse Executive Order was signed in 2007. Wyoming Game and Fish Department photo

Difficult conversations Hewlett suggests taking a learning stance when conflict arises Gillette − University of Wyoming Farm and Ranch Management Specialist John Hewlett discussed how to have productive conversations on the ranch by shifting from a defensive position to a learning stance.

Hewlett was featured as a speaker at the inaugural Excellence in Agriculture Symposium, hosted by the University of Wyoming Extension in Gillette. He discussed how ranching families can approach difficult topics with minimal issues.

Learning stance “One approach for addressing communication challenges is to shift to a learning stance,” said Hewlett. “We have to move from accusatory questions to asking ourselves how the other person views the issue.”

Hewlett suggested switching from questions such as “What happened?” and “Who's to blame?” to more constructive questions that take into account the other party’s feelings and views.

“We need to invite the other person into the conversation to begin working to understand what happened and find a solution,” said Hewlett. “We have to Please see STANCE on page 7

Women in agriculture awarded Gillette – Women ranchers are Wyoming’s fastest growing demographic, and 11 were recognized recently in Gillette with the inaugural Heart of Agriculture Honoree award.

The ranchers received the honors May 1 at the University of Wyoming Extension’s Excellence in Agriculture Symposium.

Extension collaborated with several producer groups, industry representatives and a committee of women producers to receive and verify nominations from each county and the Wind River Indian Reservation. Extension plans to recognize women producers each year.

Winners were First Lady Jenny Gordon, Brandi Forgey, Carolina Noya, Judy Raymond, Cat Urbigkit, Gwen Geis, Elaine Moore, Gwen Shepperson, Linda Scheer Nichol, Karen Hostetler, Shirley Bales and Gayle Symons.

Wyoming Stock Growers Association Exexutive Vice President Jim Magagna said he sees an increasing number of women ranchers in the state, with some ranches being solely operated by women. He noted the 147-yearold association had its first woman president in 2007.

“They each have distinct roles, but that includes both being outside moving cattle and sitting in the office making financial decisions,” said Magagna. “There are true partnerships between spouses on the ranch.”

“The timing of the honors being the same year as the 150th anniversary of women suffrage in Wyoming is appropriate,” said Cat Urbigkit, one of the award recipiPlease see WOMEN on page 4

Human elements impact ag production “Finding, training and retaining quality human capital is a really important issue impacting the food and agriculture sector,” says Constance Cullman, Farm Foundation president. “We’ve seen rapid changes in the sector that have changed the way we do things and the types of skills we need, as well as unskilled labor.”

The lack of a workable guest labor program has been an important issue in this conversation, and agriculture operations have been forced to completely change their operations to reflect their labor needs, she notes.

“Add in the effects of education, rural lifestyle, irregular work demands and immigration laws, and the investment in human

capital becomes even more complex,” Cullman says.

Labor challenges Lou Kozma, president of Hirzel Farms, an expansive operation in northwest Ohio, has struggled with labor ranging from professional workers to unskilled labor.

“Something we’ve found in 100 years of doing business is the labor market is always dynamic,” Kozma says. “In the last 10 years, we have noticed the ability to find qualified people keeps getting more and more difficult, and the pool of labor keeps shrinking.”

Many of the challenges result from a short production time period.

For example, harvest requires exten-

periodical

periodical

Please see LABOR on page 7

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

Migration Corridors

The words “Migration Corridors” have different meanings to different people, agencies, organizations and businesses. It could mean something great for some, or it could be viewed as a threat to business for others.

From the Hopefully, in Wyoming, it can be Publisher viewed as a positive once the dust Dennis Sun settles.

Migration corridors first came to the public’s attention 10 years ago, and the Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) has been talking about them for years. In the last 10 years or so, there has been research completed that opened people’s eyes, and we realized large groups of wildlife were following a set migration corridor twice a year between summer and winter ranges.

In February of 2016, the Wyoming Game and Fish Commission approved an Ungulate Migration Corridor Strategy and later revised it in January of 2019.

One important part of that strategy was Action # four − WGFD Input on Federal Surface Projects and Planning Efforts.

The action states, “On a case-by-case basis, when commenting on federal surface projects and land use planning efforts, WGFD will recommend measures to conserve ungulate migration corridors based on best available science. WGFD will consider input from stakeholders during the development of recommendations.”

Around March of this year, the Department of the Interior’s then-Acting Secretary David Bernhardt released recommendations for the Bureau of Land Management to use. These recommendations quickly came to the attention of Wyoming’s Congressional Delegation, who in turn consulted with Wyoming leaders to review and make suggestions to the recommendations. These actions quickly came to the attention of Bernhardt, and he made the appropriate changes, while creating friendships in Wyoming.

The National Cattlemen’s Beef Association, Public Lands Council and other natural resource users thought the recommendations, along with the WGFD recommendations, were moving too fast without proper time for comments. Gov. Gordon has since asked for stakeholders to be a part of a small, diverse working group to address the issue of big game migration corridors for the state of Wyoming. We applaud him for this action.

Those who manage wildlife or are wildlife advocates in Wyoming do a good job in managing wildlife, but they have to consider wildlife use private lands, and they do share multi-use habitats with other users.

There have been times as a rancher I have felt threatened by management decisions for wildlife. I’ve always respected wildlife because I know they are a part of Wyoming, and through meaningful discussions, we have usually come up with a win-win solution.

Everyone in the state realizes wildlife corridors are extremely important for the state and are willing to do their part, but those threatened need to be heard and a part of the solution.

Whether you ranch, farm, mine or drill for minerals in these corridors, you need ownership of the decisions reached. There are reasonable decisions out there to help the wildlife in these corridors. They haven’t all been made yet.

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This publication is © 2019 by Maverick Press, Inc.

GUEST OPINIONS Pitfalls in Contracting

By Bethany Gross, Falen Law Offices A contract is easily created and can take many forms.

The most familiar is a formal written document, but with certain exceptions, such as a real estate contract for sale, a contract can be valid if made verbally or even if written on the back of a napkin. Any contract is valid so long as an offer is made and accepted, both parties have the mental capacity to make a contract, the contract has a legal subject matter and the contract is grounded on some form of mutual benefit.

Once a valid contract is made, it is not so easy to get out of. Without appropriate contract terms, the unwary may suffer unintended consequences. There is no limit to the different kinds of provisions that may be included in a contract.

Nevertheless, some important contract provisions include land descriptions; liability and indemnity clauses; default, termination and waiver clauses; venue and choice of governing law clauses; attorney fees and contract terms providing clarity.

Land descriptions It is vitally important to include a detailed description of the land in any contract involving land or real estate.

Such contracts may include leases, easements and contracts for sale.

Fence-lines or other property boundary markers are frequently inaccurate. A detailed land description can help a landowner know where the true property boundaries are to prevent squatters and adverse possession claims. For easements, describing each parcel that is to benefit from an easement may prevent the easement from being lost.

For leases, if a lease is too broad and the lessor does not specifically describe the land to be leased, the lessee may choose to use lands the les-

sor did not intend the lessee to use.

Liability and indemnity clauses Clauses pertaining to liability or indemnity are also very important contract terms.

Agreeing to indemnify someone is an agreement to accept liability for the other person’s actions and, without a provision to limit liability, can result in being liable for simple negligence.

For example, a landowner may lease his or her land to a lessee to allow the lessee to graze cattle. If one of the lessee’s cattle escape onto a roadway and causes a car accident, the car accident victim may include the landowner in a lawsuit to recover personal injuries.

If the landowner included an indemnity clause in the lease requiring the lessee to fully indemnify the landowner, the lessee would be fully liable for the lawsuit with the car accident victim. On the other hand, a party to a contract may agree to be liable for only his or her own knowingly willful or intentional acts.

Default, termination and waiver clauses Default and termination clauses allow parties to terminate a contract for a breach of contract or other reason. Without a default clause parties to a contract may have to resort to the courts to determine what should happen if a breach of contract occurs.

Even in absence of a breach or default, a termination clause that allows the parties to terminate the contract within so many days after the contract is signed. Providing written notice may allow the parties to get out of a contract that suddenly becomes undesirable or the parties’ relationship turns sour.

In addition, a waiver clause should be included in a contract with a default clause.

Without a waiver clause, a party may not be able to terminate a contract if the party accepts some cure of a default from the other party. For example, under a contract containing a waiver clause, if one party fails to make a timely payment, the other party may accept a late payment without waiving his or her right to terminate the contract for a default regarding payments.

Venue and choice of governing law Designating a particular venue in a contract means disputes involving the contract will be heard by a particular court, generally in a particular county and state. Moreover, a particular state’s law can be designated as the law governing the interpretation of a contract.

These provisions can be especially important when parties to a contract live in different states. If no venue or choice of governing law is designated, a court may have to determine venue and law based on which state the defendant resides in.

Attorney fees The general rule is that each party bears his or her own attorney fees. Parties can deviate from that general rule by drafting a provision for attorney fees to be paid by the losing party or by a particularly designated party. Often, such clauses are included in a contract in an effort to discourage litigation. However, a party contracting with a much larger or more affluent party should take caution.

In this regard, a modest landowner may not want to risk having to pay a large company’s expensive attorney fees if the landowner happens to lose.

Contract terms providing clarity Contract clarity is crucial to avoiding significant litigation. It can be impossible

to predict how any term in a contract will be interpreted, especially if definitions of key terms are not included in a contract. For example, without a definition of what a “mineral” is, an oil and gas company could end up being entitled to valuable dinosaur fossils rather than the landowner.

Further, blank spaces should never be allowed to remain in a contract. There is no guarantee that the blank space will be filled in later and will likely lead to considerable litigation if not filled in before a dispute occurs. This can be particularly true if a certain number or price is omitted, and the number or price changes over time or the parties have different expectations of what the number or price should be.

Generally, a court will enforce the terms of a contract without resorting to outside evidence. However, if a contract is unclear, a court will require the parties to produce evidence of what their intentions were, which could also include the necessity of expert testimony. If an expert’s testimony is needed, it can be expected that the party will spend a substantial amount of time and money on litigation.

Conclusion In the end, these are only some of the potential provisions and issues that can be encountered in a contract and it is impossible to thoroughly discuss in this article every possibility.

Every contract term raises numerous pros and cons, which will vary depending on individual circumstances, which should be discussed in detail with a qualified attorney. Conferring with a qualified attorney before signing a contract can save thousands of dollars down the road when unanticipated situations arise. fcsamerica.com

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NEWS BRIEFS Meier supports uranium Cheyenne − Wyoming State Treasurer Curtis E. Meier sent letters to President Donald J. Trump and other key officials asking them to advance “stable and secure” domestic uranium mining.

“Wyoming is home to the largest uranium mining operations in the United States,” Meier stated in the letters. “This industry is vital for the nation and for the economic well-being of our communities.”

Meier noted the number of Wyomingites employed by the uranium industry today is less than half of the number employed in 2013. Meier said helping Wyoming’s uranium companies to continue their operations is important to the state and the nation as a whole.

Pending final numbers, it is believed domestic uranium producers supplied less than two percent of the needs of all U.S. power plants in 2018. Additionally, international treaties mandate that U.S. nuclear ships and submarines must be powered by domestic uranium.

“If there were not enough U.S. plants to handle the needed supply, the result will be a profound and direct threat to our national security,” Meier said.

“The uranium mining industry in Wyoming welcomes the opportunity to compete in a fair global marketplace. In fact, the industry would flourish in an open market committed to worker safety and environmental safeguards,” said Meier.

In addition to Trump, letters were sent to Dr. Peter Navarro, Assistant to the President and Director of the Office of Trade and Manufacturing Policy, and Ambassador John R. Bolton, National Security Advisor.

The President has 90 days to act and offer recommendations on the report submitted April 15 by the Department of Commerce that outlines the effects of uranium imports on national security.

UW announces news outlet

Real-time news and information from the University of Wyoming (UW) College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, UW Extension and the Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station (WAES) is now available at uwagnews.com.

The site features news, videos and social media posts showcasing topics of interest across the state. Users can also subscribe for monthly updates via e-mail at bit.ly/ agnews-subscribe.

The site is regularly updated with new content.

“UW Extension is excited to share a digital-first website as a portal for sharing news, events, the latest research and much more,” said Kelly Crane, associate director of UW Extension. “We are utilizing this interactive method to replace several of our print media and believe this format will allow us to share more, share it faster and present information in more innovative ways.”

The website is managed by the Office of Communications and Technology in UW Extension. The office is the news, information and publications center for extension, the college and the WAES. “We encourage everyone to bookmark uwagnews. com as their go-to site for the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, UW Extension and WAES – both on campus and around the state of Wyoming,” said Crane.

The college has seven departments and several programs and responsibilities include the Wyoming State Veterinary Laboratory. UW Extension has offices in every county and the Wind River Indian Reservation and includes the Wyoming State 4-H Program.

High Plains Ranch Practicum School Hands on rancH management scHool focusing on production and rancH economics.

2019 Classes will be held in the Cheyenne, WY area.

School runs eight full days spread out from June to Nov.

Specific dates and registration details at http://HPRanchPracticum.com or contact Dallas Mount 307-322-3667 Registration deadline is June 15. Space is limited.

Tyson plant coming to Utah Tyson Fresh Meats is investing nearly $300 million to build a case-ready production plant in Utah that the company hopes to open as soon as 2021, the Utah Governor’s Office of Economic Development (GOED) announced.

The plant will initially employ 800 and is expected to expand to 1,200 positions within three years of opening. The facility will convert large cuts of beef and pork into steaks, chops, roasts and ground meat that are placed in retail trays, weighed and labeled and then shipped to retailers for sale in the grocery meat case.

“We believe Utah is a great location because of the availability of labor and property and the access to highways and rail. Once built, the new facility will help us meet growing demand for case ready meat in the western U.S.,” said Nate Hodne, senior vice president and general manager of case ready meats for Tyson Fresh Meats.

Tyson Foods’ Fresh Meats subsidiary currently operates case ready plants in Iowa, Tennessee and Texas.

Company representatives have evaluated several potential plant sites in the Salt Lake City area and are collaborating with local officials at one of the locations to confirm all needed infrastructure and other support will be available, according to GOED. The state estimated the plant will add $27 million in new tax revenue over the next 10 years.

Transparency meeting set Cheyenne − The Wyoming Financial Transparency Group will hold its next meeting to further transparency in state government on June 5 from 1 - 3 p.m. in Cheyenne.

The meeting will also be broadcasted online at youtu.be/pLZYT0wYXqQ. The agenda will include a look at the Auditor’s website and a demonstration of a new state spending tracking tool Gov. Mark Gordon and State Auditor Kristi Racines created the Financial Transparency Working Group to develop specific solutions to improve transparency and accessibility to state financial data that can be implemented efficiently and expediently.

Members include Gordon, Racines, Sen. Cale Case from Lander, Rep. Tom Walters from Casper, Sheridan Press publisher Kristen Czaben, Gail Symons from Sheridan and John Masters from Cheyenne.

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Gordon appoints new judge

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Cheyenne − Gov. Mark Gordon appointed Jason M. Conder to be a District Court Judge for the Ninth Judicial District serving Fremont County. Conder fills the vacancy occurring with the retirement of Judge Norman Young. Judge Young’s retirement will be effective July 3.

Conder is currently Assistant United States Attorney for the District of Wyoming in the Lander Branch Office. He has held this role since 2005.

Previously, Conder was Deputy County Attorney in Uinta County and clerked for Judge Terrence O’Brien and Judge Clarence Brimmer. He received degrees from the University of Utah and graduated from the University of Wyoming College of Law. “The Judicial Nominating Commission provided excellent candidates making for a difficult decision. I am pleased to select Jason Conder as the next District Judge in Fremont County,” Gov. Gordon said. “Jason has more than a decade of experience in Fremont County, has worked extensively with the Northern Arapaho and Eastern Shoshone Tribes, served his community in many roles and has litigated a diversity of cases. These are strong attributes and I have faith he will be an excellent judge.”

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

LETTERS

Submit your letters to: Editor, Wyoming Livestock Roundup, P.O. Box 850, Casper, WY, 82602, or e-mail to roundup@wylr.net. We reserve the right to edit letters.

It is the policy of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup that we do not print letters attacking individuals, groups or organizations within the Wyoming agricultural community.

Public Land Managers Run Amuck To the Editor, During the months of September and October 2018, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) and the Sublette County Weed and Pest conducted aerial spraying for cheatgrass in the BLM Pinedale Resource Management Area. The area includes the South LaBarge Grazing Allotment in Lincoln County, better known as the Miller Mountain area.

Sublette County Weed and Pest has had the contract with BLM for years to spray noxious weeds throughout the resource area, including those in Lincoln County. On Sept.

26, the cheatgrass treatments started in the Wyoming Range. On Oct. 6-7, the areas known as Dry Hollow and Holden Hollow on the South LaBarge Common were sprayed with a plane alongside our ranch on Fontenelle Creek.

The conditions at the time were rainy with a slight wind out of the north-

west, which made for drifting conditions onto our private land. The plane started spray runs just before 8 a.m. and quit just before dark. They flew for two days over the top of my home and property and on Oct. 7 sprayed my garden and part of an alfalfa field.

Members of my family watched the pilot spray our private property.

I contacted the Wyoming Department of Agriculture (WDA) to see what could be done and the very next day, which was a holiday, a very nice lady from the (WDA) came to my home and took soil samples to see if we had been sprayed. She also went to Sublette County Weed and Pest to talk to the supervisor, and the supervisor informed her she was already aware of a complaint. I waited for someone involved to contact us about our complaint and no one called.

In March of 2019, we were notified that two soil samples came back positive for the cheatgrass her-

bicide. The pilot has since lost his applicators license in the State of Wyoming because he would not comply with the records request

by WDA. WDA doesn’t know what to expect from Panoramic (Imazapic) in a garden situation, as it is both a pre- and post-emergent herbicide with a lengthy residual, which prevents seed germination of weeds, vegetables and other crops planted from seed.

The University of Wyoming has informed me Panoramic is very active at very low quantities, and what may seem like an infinitesimal amount can still have great, lasting effects.

In rangeland situations, as much as three years of residual control has been documented.

There are seven individuals I hold accountable for this mess − a BLM Fire Management Officer (FMO), a Pinedale Office WGFD Biologist, the Sublette Weed and Pest Supervisor, the past Weed and Pest Board Chair, a cur-

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rent County Commissioner, the present Weed and Pest Chairman and two other Weed and Pest board members serving when this happened.

These individuals have shown a complete disregard for taxpayer rights in both Sublette and Lincoln counties and blatant disrespect for the natural resources they have been entrusted to protect.

I attended the Sublette Weed and Pest Board meeting held Nov. 9, 2018, and informed the board, as a permittee on the allotment, we had not been notified when they were going to spray or what area was to be sprayed as we had in the past. I was told the board had approved everything that was sprayed, and Hammond Helicopters had the final determination on what to spray.

In response to having dare question how they did things, a Forest Service employee made a motion to not spray anything outside of Sublette County, regardless of resource concern, and without taking responsibility, it passed. This motion undid over 30 years of resource protection and cooperation between counties, agencies and private landowners. The Holden Hollow and Dry Hollow areas that were sprayed had no cheatgrass identified by BLM, WGFD or Sublette Weed and Pest. We have current maps of aerial surveys that show no cheatgrass.

The label for Pan-

oramic, the herbicide used states, “Do not apply Alligare Panoramic to rangeland until specific weeds appear.”

The soils in the target area have a high pH and are in a four-to-six-inch precipitation zone. We had asked the Weed and Pest Supervisor and board, the BLM FMO and WGFD to come down and look at what we believe is resource damage of numerous plant types.

These plants include sagebrush and forbs in a crucial deer, elk and antelope winter range area on the South LaBarge Allotment from a previous aerial spray completed in 2017 and they refused.

In 2002, Adrianne Peterson, past Sublette Weed and Pest supervisor, and I organized a Cooperative Weed Management Association (CWMA). This association included federal, state and county agencies, along with private landowners for the purpose of treating noxious weeds in the Green River Valley without the constraints of political boundaries. The CWMA would hold quarterly meetings to decide how money was spent and would also conduct spray days that all agencies and landowners were involved with, meaning there was cooperation and coordination as to what weeds and properties were sprayed while following chemical labels and regulations.

This cooperation no longer seems to exist, yet the CWMA that I am refer-

WOMEN continued from page A1 ents.

She and her family manage a sheep operation in Sublette County. She writes, is a photographer and publishes Shepherd Magazine.

“I’m so happy to be associated with these women and a lot of them are my friends,” Urbigkit said.

“They are strong women leaders and are respected in their communities and in the field in agriculture.”

Carolina Noya of

Crook County grew up in the Netherlands.

“As a kid I looked at a map and looked at Wyoming and I said there is where I’m going,” said Noya. “Silly, right? I was 6 years old.”

Yet at age 22 she came to the U.S. by herself and lived in New York City, getting a job riding thoroughbreds. She was also a sky jockey, flying and attending to horses or other animals. She then decided

ring to has been and continues to be used as an avenue to procure large amounts of funding, including for the spraying of cheatgrass in the Pinedale Resource Area.

The cheatgrass taskforce was started in 2011, and we have yet to see any documentation showing they have been able to decrease or even halt the increase of cheatgrass, let alone get rid of cheatgrass in the areas that have been sprayed.

In 2018, the Sublette Weed and Pest paid over a half a million dollars in one year for chemical and aerial application to combat cheatgrass.

That money came from the State of Wyoming, federal and county agencies and sportsman groups.

This letter is not meant to be a diatribe against the use of chemicals to control noxious or invasive species. As anyone who has been to our ranch knows, we have a very progressive weed management plan. This is a forewarning of when public land managers run amuck. There is a need for accountability, responsibility, forethought and oversight when thousands of acres are sprayed and millions of tax and nonprofit dollars are to be spent.

Sincerely, Corby McGinnis Diamond H Ranch Inc, Taxpayer and Landowner in Sublette and Lincoln counties to take a job as a ranch hand near Douglas and eventually came to own her own goat herd.

“Maybe by showing that women are part of agriculture, we can show the other side of ranching. That kind and loving side,” Noya said. “Maybe we can show agriculture is not just ranchers or cowboys, it’s much more involved. That real care is involved in producing animals or crops. I think women take pride in being a part of that whole cycle of growing and producing.”

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Working women – In true ranch woman fashion, not all the award recipients were able to attend the Excellence in Agriculture Symposium due to the busy spring season. The Heart of Agriculture award recipients present were (from left to right) Carolina Noya, Judy Raymond, Jenny Gordon, Brandi Forgey and Cat Urbigkit. Steve Miller photo

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

GROUSE continued from page 1 fell into only a handful of topic areas.

“First and foremost, the common theme was landscape-scale sage grouse management and how we manage the species across jurisdictional boundaries on an ecological scale,” Callaway explained, noting that invasive species were a large part of the conversation.

Additionally, comments focused on restrictions in non-core areas, development outside of core areas, winter concentration areas, habitat restoration, mitigation, monitoring and transparency.

“There’s a lot of commonality in the comments we received,” she continued.

Gordon added, “There were also a number of comments about “the general” processes within SGIT regarding who does what, how and why. I hope to give people a better understanding of our role and what we do.”

Bob Budd, SGIT chairman and executive director of the Wyoming Wildlife and Natural Resource Trust, suggested creating an “owner’s manual” for SGIT. “There are a lot of assumptions out there about what is or isn’t done here that are completely incorrect,” Budd said. “We have a rigorous and well-

documented process for the things we do, but we need to be able to tell people how our system works.”

Budd continued, “We have demanded simplicity and clarity of federal agencies in their rulemaking, but it’s something we need to start to tackle ourselves.”

Mitigation Another hot-button issue within conversations about the SGEO revolved around compensatory mitigation requirements and the structure around mitigation.

Wyoming State Sen. Larry Hicks (R-Baggs) said, “One of the big issues that seems to come out is compensatory mitigation and how we document credits. This is something of interest to the Legislature.”

The other issue, Hicks said, is the compensatory mitigation that occurs in occupied but non-core habitat.

“There are guidelines and triggers we need to looks at,” Hicks commented. “Once we solve the issue of mitigation banking, the free market will work, and people will be more receptive to doing mitigation in noncore occupied sage grouse areas.”

Budd said, “People want to look at mitigation, and in particular at whether

5

there are ways to expedite data collection to determine their impact.”

Data Budd further noted that presenting relevant data that is understandable and useful is particularly important, and Gordon agreed, commenting, “It becomes very important to understand what data is valuable and what collection methods need to be put in place.”

Gordon referenced his personal experience with taking data from his cattle herd. Until everyone involved in the operation understood the importance of the data, how it is used and what happens with the data, collection of such information was done in a lackluster manner. He emphasized communicat-

To learn more about the Sage Grouse Executive Order or see the documents associated with the order, visit wgfd. wyo.gov/Habitat/Sage-GrouseManagement/Sage-GrouseExecutive-Order.

Jackson meeting set The Bureau of Reclamation will host a meeting to present streamflow forecasts and projected reservoir operations for Jackson Lake Dam and other Snake River reservoirs on May 23. The meeting will be held at the 49er Inn in Jackson at 5:30 p.m.

The meeting will focus primarily on the runoff forecast for the Snake River near Heise, Idaho, water supply outlook, river flow management and snowpack conditions. Currently, the runoff forecast is 107 percent of average, and the current storage in Jackson Lake is at 77 percent of capacity. The lake is expected to fill in June, with moderate demand for storage releases over the summer.

With the current snowpack, there may be potential for flooding along the Snake River in Teton County due to possible significant inflows from tributaries. The tributaries also may experience high flows and flood flows. Caution is advised in these areas during the snowmelt season.

Flood operations are determined by a forecast coordinated with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Reclamation for the Snake River above Heise. Flooding potential will be discussed in the meeting.

ing the why is as important as communicating actual data.

“Everything we do needs to be informed by science,” Gordon cautioned. “Science, by its very nature, though, is a little bit delayed. The more we can see early warnings so our science and our actions can be informed, the more value we see.”

Moving forward As he looks at amending the SGEO, Gordon noted, “I think it’s essential to remember our framework is working, and it’s important to protect it. If we doodle too much in the margins, the risk of eroding the whole program is great.”

Brian Rutledge of Audubon noted similar concerns, adding the

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If we doodle too much in the margins, the risk of eroding the whole program is great.” – Gov. Mark Gordon actions of SGIT must also adapt with the changing climate.

“We are involved in an experiment within a changing ecosystem, changing demands and more,” Rutledge said. “It’s important that we are able to report and review data to move forward. Whatever direction we move, it’s also important to know we’re moving in a direction and adjusting based on the changes in the ecosystem we work in.”

At the end of the day, Gordon also said, “My goal

is to ensure that whatever we do here is durable – through political climates, administrations and more.”

“This process is incredibly valuable,” Gordon summarized. “There are a number of issues here, but it’s refreshing to see so many engaged minds involved. It’s nice to sit in a room of really smart people and solve big problems.”

Saige Albert is managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup and can be reached at saige@ wylr.net.

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6

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

OBITUARIES

We welcome obituaries. Obituaries are printed free of charge and can be sent to roundup@wylr.net.

H. James “Jim” Mueller Jan. 4, 1935 − April 30, 2019 H. James “Jim” Mueller of Cheyenne passed away April 30 at the age of 84.

Jim was born on Jan. 14, 1935 in Cheyenne as the eldest son of Ervin and Verle Mueller. He was raised on a ranch 12 miles north of Cheyenne.

From the ages of six to 18, Jim worked summers for the PO Ranch putting up hay and moving cattle, which started a lifelong love of cowboying and rodeo.

He attended the one-room Ridley School through eighth grade and McCormick Junior High School. He then attended Cheyenne High School,

where he played basketball and participated in vocational agriculture. He was the 1951 National FFA Livestock Judging Champion.

After graduating from CHS in 1953, he attended the University of Wyoming and graduated with a degree in accounting in 1955.

Jim married the love of his life, Margaret (Gardner) Mueller, on April 24, 1955 at the First Presbyterian Church in Cheyenne. Together they had a son, Terry, and daughter, Jody.

In 1961, the family moved to Pine Bluffs where Jim opened a successful accounting practice with offices in

Pine Bluffs and Lusk. He focused on agricultural taxation and developed a statewide farm and ranch accounting system in the 1960s.

Jim was a lifelong volunteer with Cheyenne Frontier Days, having attended the rodeo for 83 consecutive years. Notable service included the Contestants Committee since 1964, both Contestants and PR Committees from 1982-84 and becoming a CFD Heel in 1971. He served as Contestants Committee Chairman from 200406.

In recognition of his service to the “Daddy of Them

All,” he was inducted into the Cheyenne Frontier Days Hall of Fame in 2016. Additionally, he served on the Cheyenne Regional Medical Center Board of Trustees for 12 years.

Jim was an avid golfer and card player. He loved spending time helping on the ranch at Shell, spending time with his children and grandchildren and watching his great-grandchildren grow up.

Jim is survived by his wife of 64 years Margaret; children Terry (Dineen) Mueller of Shell and Jody (Dick) McConnaughey of Riverton; grandchildren Morgan (Katsie) McConnaughey of Riverton and Ryan McConnaughey of Casper; four great-grandchildren; and brothers Bill and Ed Mueller and Sam Miller.

Visitation was held on May 8 at the Schrader, Aragon

and Jacoby Funeral Home. A memory service was held on May 9 at the Cheyenne Frontier Days Old West Museum.

An interment service was held at Cheyenne Memorial Gardens with a reception following at the CFD Buckle Club.

In lieu of flowers, the family requests donations be made in his name to the Cheyenne Frontier Days Old West Museum or a charity of choice.

William “Bill” Douglas Leman Sept. 6, 1934 – May 8, 2019

Bill Leman died May 8 at the Memorial Hospital of Converse County in Douglas at the age of 84.

Bill was born Sept. 6, 1934 in Douglas to Douglas William and Alice Rose (Sullivan) Leman.

He was reared and educated in Douglas, graduating from Douglas High School.

He attended college for a period prior to entering the United States Air Force. He served from 1958-70 with the rank of Sergeant.

He was married to Maria Teresa Fernandez Leon in Seradilla, Spain on Oct. 19,1963.

He returned to the family ranch south of Douglas

upon his discharge from the Air Force. Bill retired in 2005 from ranching due to health issues.

He was preceded in death by his father Douglas and mother Alice.

Bill was survived by his wife of 55 years Maria Theresa “Mari Teri” Leman of Douglas; sons Billy (Michelle) Leman and Dennis (Becky) Leman, both of Douglas, and Michael (Jennifer) Leman of Cheyenne; siblings Thomas J. Leman of Casper, Dennis J. Leman of North Platte, Neb. and Mary Alice (John) Mercer of Glenrock; grandchildren Niquole (AJ) Cox of Grand Marais, Minn., Sean Leman of Douglas, Amber (Justin) Peterson of Douglas, Celina Leman of Rapid City, S.D., Megan Leman of Douglas, Brianna Leman of Douglas, Justin Leman of Douglas, Tyrel Leman of Douglas, Sophie Seely of Cheyenne and Lily Leman of Cheyenne; four great-grandsons; one greatgranddaughter; and best friend John Ralph Sullivan of Douglas.

Funeral liturgy was held on May 13 at the Saint James Catholic Church in Douglas,

with Father Andrew Duncan as the Celebrant and Deacon Michael Leman assisting.

A Vigil for the Deceased was held May 12 at Saint James Catholic Church led by Father Demetrio Penascoza. Interment was in the Douglas Park Cemetery with military honors accorded by the Samuel Mares American Legion Post #8 and F.E. Warren Air Force Base Funeral Honor Guard.

Serving as pallbearers were Sean Leman, Justin Leman, Tyrel Leman, John Ralph Sullivan, Thad Isenberger, Greg Addleman and Faha Foster. Serving as honorary pallbearers were his grandchildren and great grandchildren.

A memorial to the Converse County 4-H Endowment, 1839 Madora Avenue, Douglas, WY 82633 would be appreciated by the family.

The Gorman Funeral Homes – Converse Chapel of Douglas was in charge of the arrangements.

Condolences may be sent to the family at gormanfh.com.

Hay and Forage Days planned in Powell A farmer-focused event will provide sessions to help improve alfalfa and forage production to increase quality and profitability.

The Wyoming Forge Field Day will be May 30 in Powell with the focus on alfalfa production from seed to harvest.

“This is a great opportunity for producers to have individual conversations with leading researchers and forage expertise,” said Northwest Area Agriculture Extension and Horticulture Educator Jeremiah Vardiman.

Registration begins at 8 a.m. with refreshments followed by a welcome at 8:30. Lunch is provided, but attendees need to RSVP by May 27.

Morning information sessions are at the Park County Fairgrounds, and afternoon workshops are at the Powell Research and Extension Center.

To RSVP, contact Vardiman at 307754-8836 or jvardima@uwyo.edu, Extension Forage Specialist Anowar Islam at 307-766-4151 or mislam@uwyo.edu or go to the registration site bit.ly/2019forageday.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

LABOR continued from page 1 sive training very quickly, and the duration of the work only compounds the difficulty in finding labor.

“To address some of these challenges, we have seen an increase in man-power,” Kozma explains. “We are now seeing an amalgamation of manpower and machine power working together, which is a good thing, but that brings another caveat.”

When machine power is involved, Kozma says labor is still needed to maintain and operate the equipment.

Labor changes Traditionally, migrant labor followed the harvest seasons, moving from one crop to the next as each was ready for harvest.

“As generations changed, labor also changed. The younger generations decided it wasn’t the career for them, and we have had to start looking for other labor sources,” Kozma explains, noting the H-2A program was created to fit their needs. “With H-2A, though, there are also gaps that can’t be filled.”

Some of the rules and regulations associated with H-2A don’t allow for flexibility – such as weather challenges or crop failure – increasing the risk of such programs for producers.

“Using employment agencies has brought us more flexibility in our labor force, but it does not address the continuous, skilled labor issue

Visit farmfoundation.org to view “Human Capital Challenges in the Food and Agriculture Sector” or other forums from the Farm Foundation.

STANCE continued from page 1 look into each other’s stories instead of arguing about who is right.”

Hewlett explained we often argue because we believe we are right and the other person is wrong. He noted each party usually has what they believe to be logical justifications for their actions.

“Arguing blocks us from exploring each other’s stories, and arguing without understanding is unpersuasive,” Hewlett said.

Create a learning conversation “The first question we need to ask ourselves is whether to raise the issue or not,” said Hewlett. “At the end of the day, only we can decide to confront the issue.”

Hewlett explained we need to work through our own feelings, key issues and gaps in knowledge of the situation to determine whether the issue is external with the other party or within our-

selves.

“We might also consider if there is a better way to address the issue than talking about it,” said Hewlett. “We need to ask whether our purposes make sense, what we hope to achieve and remember we can’t change other people.”

“The conflict does not define who we are. If we decide to let the issue go, it doesn’t mean we don’t care about the issue,” Hewlett explained.

Hewlett noted a learning conversation should focus on three things – learning the other person’s story, expressing their views and working together to explore possible solutions to the problem.

Conversation types Hewlett noted there are three distinct types of conversations that commonly occur − what happened, feelings and identity.

“Most difficult conversa-

7

in our company,” Kozma explains.

Young workers Kozma also notes today’s young people are targeting their skillsets much earlier in life to determine their future.

“Kids today may not know exactly what they want to do, but they definitely know what they don’t want to do,” Kozma says.

With only 39,000 agriculture graduates nationwide every year, Drew Ratterman with Corteva adds an increase in generational, cognitive, gender and ethnic diversity has not solved labor challenges.

Cathann Kress, Ohio State University’s Dean of the College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, explains the number of students coming from agricultural backgrounds is also limited, which only increases the amount of training necessary for young workers.

“Eighty-three percent of executives report they do not have the right talent and capa-

bilities to execute their strategy according to the Center for Food and Agribusiness,” Ratterman says. “This is a very real issue.”

Big shifts in ag Kress explains part of the challenge in cultivating human capital comes with the structure of land-grant universities across the country.

“When we started these colleges of agriculture, there was a ‘one man on the moon’type goal we were all interested in. We wanted yield, and all we cared about was yield,” she says. “Suddenly, somewhere along the line, more interrelated and complex goals came into the picture.”

However, the focus in colleges remained on yield.

“Suddenly, we had people who needed more nuanced degrees, and we didn’t keep up,” Kress comments. “Now we know we need graduates who have interrelated, complex skills and focus on goals that address viable agriculture production, food security and safety, and ecosystem sustain-

tions involve the ‘what happened’ conversation,” said Hewlett. “This conversation is typically going to break down the who, what, when, where and why of a situation.”

“The next conversations involves feelings, which can sometimes be the most difficult,” said Hewlett. “Every difficult conversation asks about and answers questions about feelings.”

“Some of the questions associated with this conversation include questions of validity of feelings, whether or not feelings are appropriate, acknowledgement of feelings, whether or not to bring feelings to the table, handling others’ feelings and determining whether the other party is hurt,” according to Hewlett.

“We also have to have the identity conversation, which is one we have with ourselves about what a situation means to us,” said Hewlett.

He noted this often involves asking ourselves

whether or not we are competent in the situation, if our intentions were good, if we are worthy of love and the impact the situation will have on our own self-image.

Common mistakes “The first mistake that nearly everyone is guilty of is making false assumptions about intentions,” Hewlett explained. “We assume the worst of other people but treat ourselves quite charitably and excuse behaviors we would strongly object to in others.”

Hewlett continued, “There is a cost in operating with assumptions, and we often incorrectly assume the other person has a bad character, which creates defensiveness.”

“The second mistake people make is assuming

“In the last 10 years, we have noticed that the ability to find qualified people keeps getting more and more difficult, and the pool of labor keeps shrinking.” – Lee Kozma, Hirzel Farms ability all at the same time.

That’s incredibly hard work.”

Changing demographics At the same time, fewer people are involved in agriculture, so the industry is charged with the task of attracting young people to the industry who have no background and are plagued with stereotypes about the industry.

“We are often confronted by the fact that many millenials have the idea they cannot live a sustainable life and be involved in agriculture,” Kress says.

She continues, “We also have to think about how all the things that happen in our society and culture impact young people.”

As examples, Kress says it is difficult to get young people to thinking about difficult issues, hard work or the vol-

ume of opportunities in agriculture.

“This is an industry that is built on hard work with few guarantees. Thinking about how we sell this industry to young people when there are so many ways they could have a much easier time with either jobs or other options that make life easy, quite frankly,” Kress says. “This area is high risk, but it is also high reward.

I think we have sold short the concept of what the reward is in an industry that sustains life.”

“Human Capital Challenges in the Food and Agriculture Sector” aired on April 23 from The Ohio State University.

Saige Albert is managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup and can be reached at saige@wylr.net.

“Arguing blocks us from exploring each other’s stories and arguing without understanding is unpersuasive.” – John Hewlett, University of Wyoming their good intentions cancel out the negative impact of their actions,” according to Hewlett. “Trying to clarify that we had good intentions prevents us from hearing what the other party has to say.”

“As a result of this, we ignore the complexity of the intentions and aggravate any feelings of hostility,” said Hewlett. “To avoid making this mistake, we should listen past the accusation itself, consider the other person’s feelings and be open to reflecting on the complexities of inten-

tion.”

“The third mistake we often make is placing blame solely on the other person,” said Hewlett. “When we blame others, it becomes difficult to separate the blame from contribution.”

“Blame is about judging, and it looks backward,” Hewlett stressed. “Contribution is about understanding and looking forward.”

Callie Hanson is the assistant editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup.

Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

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Saturday - June 8 Cutting Finals 7:00 AM • Qualifying GO 10:30 AM • Qualifying GO Performance 5:30 PM Awards Banquet For more information, contact Host Committee Members at 307-351-1327.

Produced in cooperation with the Campbell County Convention Visitors & Tourism Board.

8

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

Wyoming students excel in bookmark contest Elementary students from across the state of Wyoming were tasked with illustrating

the economic resources of Wyoming on a bookmark. Wyoming Agriculture in the Classroom has

offered this program for 25 years and recognized the finalists in Cheyenne on May 17. The Wyoming

Livestock Roundup will present the finalists’ creations over the next few weeks.

State diversity − Fifth grader Dawson George from Westside Elementary in Powell captured the diversity of Wyoming with his People’s Choice winning bookmark. His bookmark is sponsored by Farm Credit Services.

Wyoming power – Gavin Patik, a Fifth grader from Cloud Peak Elementary in Buffalo, illustrated the “Energy that powers Wyoming” with his bookmark. Jonah Bank sponsored Patik’s bookmark.

Taking care – From the oilfield to the mountains, Fifth grader Jori Maxson of Little Snake River Valley School in Baggs illustrated the importance of caring for Wyoming’s diverse landscape. Her bookmark was sponsored by First Northern Bank.

7th Annual Wyoming

FORAGE FIELD DAY Thursday, May 30, 2019 • 8 a.m. – 3 p.m.

Park County Fairgrounds • 655 E. 5th • Powell, WY

Alfalfa • Irrigation System Maintenance & Economics • Alfalfa Weevils Silage & Hayage • Weeds in Hay • Fertility Requirements Scouting Insects • Vendor Show • Free Lunch FREE REGISTRATION! R.S.V.P. by May 27 to ensure lunch.

Registration is also available at https://wyforage2019.eventbrite.com Forage Production and Management Facilitated by Anowar Islam UW Plant Sciences Department 307-766-4151 mislam@uwyo.edu

UW Powell Research and Extension Center Jim Heitholt Jim.Heitholt@uwyo.edu 307-754-2223

Vendor Show, Facilities, and Field Tour Facilitated by Jeremiah Vardiman UW Extension, Park County jvardiman@uwyo.edu 307-754-8836

Camby Reynolds sreynol3@uwyo.edu 307-754-2223

USMCA continued from page A1 “Cuts such as tongue and heart don’t carry much value in the U.S. but are extremely popular in Mexico. Exporting these cuts can add as much as $70 per fed animal.” – Jennifer Houston, National Cattleman’s Beef Association very little value in the U.S. such as tongue and heart,” said Houston.

Houston explained when she was in Mexico she ate at a restaurant that served both ribeye and tongue entrees that were priced the same.

“Cuts such as tongue and heart don’t carry much value in the U.S. but are extremely popular in Mexico,” said Houston. “Exporting such cuts can add as much as $70 per fed animal.”

Houston continued explaining how important it is for producers in the U.S. to be able to add value to cuts that are otherwise wasted in the U.S. “The ability to market cuts in Mexico that aren’t popular in the U.S. is another reason the passage of USMCA is so important for beef producers,” she said. “Being able to add value to our beef is priceless.”

Continued access “For 25 years, we have had free access to Mexico and Canada. USMCA will allow producers to keep this access with customers they have developed relationships with,” said Houston.

“The fact of the matter is, these consumers want access to high-quality U.S. beef without having to pay any additional taxes on it,” said Houston.

“The general consensus of the three countries is swift passage of USMCA is in the best interest of beef producers across North America,” said Houston. “One of the big things we worked on during the meeting was a statement to distribute to leaders in each country that lays out the importance of the beef sector and how USMCA will positively impact producers and

consumers alike.”

Country of origin labeling “While we are pushing to get this legislation passed as soon as possible, we understand there are a lot of political landmines to navigate before USMCA can be passed,” said Houston.

Houston noted the absence of mandatory country of origin labeling (COOL) was well accepted across the board.

“We are very pleased the language of USMCA leaves out mandatory COOL,” said Houston. “COOL was nothing more than a failed marketing plan that caused billions of dollars in retaliatory tariffs.”

In a press release by Canadian Cattleman’s Association (CCA), it was noted there was unilateral support for the rejection of mandatory COOL. “There was unilateral support at the meeting to reject policies that aim to segregate the highly integrated nature of the North American beef industry,” according to CCA. “During USMCA negotiations, key CCA objectives were addressed including maintaining tariff-free market access and ensuring COOL remained out of the agreement. These feats were achieved largely due to the strong opposition of NCBA to COOL.” “The absence of COOL allows us to better develop a customer base,” said Houston. “Voluntary COOL can be used as a marketing tool, but it must stay on a voluntary basis.”

Callie Hanson is the assistant editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup.

Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

For more National Cattleman’s Beef Association news, visit ncba.org/ audionews.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

It’s the Pitts

by Lee Pitts

Enough is Never Enough The folks in white lab coats and low shoes with letters after their names are up to their old tricks again in attempting to build the super cow of the future. And please note, I said build not breed.

It seems the gestation length of the bovine is much too long, and scientists are much too impatient to wait on better breeding to get us where they think we need to be. So, they’ve come up with a couple ways to speed up the process.

The researchers attempting to create cows for the 21st century include genetic

engineers and genetic editors. Now, I know as much about engineering as a cow does about Christmas, but I was the editor of a livestock newspaper, so the concept of editors messing around with the cow’s genome frightens me.

The job of an editor is to correct mistakes and cut, cut, cut. The space in any periodical is some of the most valuable real estate in the world. Any space an editor can save goes right to the bottom line, like shortening a 16-page newspaper to a 12-pager.

Some editors I’ve had

Visit leepittsbooks.org for more from Lee Pitts.

didn’t even read the stories, but just whacked off a chunk at the end that may have contained the punch line. I’d hate to think that gene editors would follow the same shortcuts in whacking off key parts of the cow’s DNA so we ended up with cows without a rumen or missing some limbs.

The only thing I know about engineers is they make more money than editors and have retirement benefits and health insurance. But as I understand it, the difference between gene editing and genetic engineering is that the engineers take germplasm from an entirely different animal or plant and insert it into another’s DNA. So, you could end up with sheep that have litters and hogs that go “moo.”

Gene editing, on the other hand, takes advantage of something called mutagenesis, which has been going on ever since the first fish walked out of the sea on its own two gills.

Gene editors simply speed up the process of evolution by “turning on and off” certain genetic switches. For

Bear trapping set for Lander area Lander − As part of ongoing efforts to monitor the population of grizzly bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, the Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) will conduct grizzly bear capture operations in areas of northwest Wyoming beginning this spring and continuing through early fall. WGFD is committed to monitoring grizzly bears and demonstrating recovery to support future delisting.

Department biologists will conduct grizzly bear trapping operations in both front and backcountry areas. All areas where trapping is being conducted will have major access points marked with warning signs. All trap sites will be posted with area closure signs in the direct vicinity of trap sites.

It is critical that all members of the public heed these signs. When captured, animals are marked, released on site and monitored in accordance with strict guidelines developed jointly by the WGFD and the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team.

The annual monitoring of this population is vital to the ongoing management and conservation of grizzly bears in Wyoming.

Information obtained through these efforts is used to assess the status and health of grizzly bears in the ecosystem and provides insight into population dynamics critical to demonstrate the continued recovery of the Greater Yellowstone population.

For more information regarding grizzly bear capture efforts, call the WGFDLarge Carnivore Section at 307-332-2688.

CLAY CREEK ANGUS Greybull, WY

48th Private Treaty Sale

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Jim & Lori French: 307-762-3541 Email for Prices & EPDs: bulls@claycreek.net

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example, you might say that eventually all beef animals will be polled, so genetic editors just speed up the process. It’s like evolution on steroids.

According to the Center for Food Integrity, gene editing is going to be a game changer and is in its earliest stages. This means the gene editors haven’t gotten all their lobbyists in place to start paying off politicians in D.C. But they do say it will have big benefits for stakeholders. I get nervous whenever I hear that word, and I don’t understand how a group playing with our food on the genetic level can have the word integrity in its name.

This is not to suggest there aren’t a few changes in your basic cow that I’d like to see.

Maybe the gene editors can turn off the switch that makes a cow try to kill you

“Maybe the gene editors can turn off the switch that makes a cow try to kill you in the sorting alley or turn on the genetic switch that will make cows stand more peacefully in the squeeze chute.”

– Lee Pitts in the sorting alley or turn on the genetic switch that will make cows stand more peacefully in the squeeze chute. I’d also like a cow that calves only in daylight.

Perhaps the genetic engineers could cut and splice the genes from a fainting goat to cow’s DNA, so that at your next branding, your calves will just fall to the ground and never move to be branded and vaccinated, thus eliminating the need for any moody ropers.

If it wouldn’t be too much to ask, I’d like future cattle to all grade like a Waygu, be more obedient to dogs and load on

demand. Other than that, I think cattle are pretty much perfect the way they are.

On one level, I wish scientists would just leave well enough alone. It seems that things could get going in the wrong direction pretty darn fast, and there may be a few booby traps hidden in the DNA helix the scientists aren’t aware of.

The only researchers I’ve known lived by the motto, “If it ain’t broke, break it.”

I think they’ll keep tinkering until they create the bovine equivalent of Frankenstein’s monster because, for the white coat clan, enough is never enough.

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

CALENDAR

SALES May 21

Submit your events to: Editor, Wyoming Livestock Roundup, P.O. Box 850, Casper, WY, 82602, or e-mail to roundup@wylr.net.

May 21

EVENTS

June 1

May 21 Aquatic Invasive Species Inspector Training, Casper, Casper WGFD Office, 9 a.m.to 4p.m. Contact WGFD at 307-721-1273 for registration details.

May 23 Sandhill’s Cattle Association Convention, Valentine, Neb., Cherry County Fairgrounds. For more information, call 402-376-2310.

May 23 Wyoming Livestock Board Meeting, Casper, Ramkota Hotel. For more information, call 307-777-7515.

May 23 What are Your Minerals Worth? Cheyenne, Archer Complex Community Center. Contact Reba Epler at 307-701-1073 for more information.

May 23 Natural Resources Conservation Service Working Group Meeting, Douglas, Eastern Wyoming College, 2 p.m.

May 30 Forage Field Day, Powell, Park County Fairgrounds, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. RSVP to wyoforage2019.eventbrite.

June 3-8 Wyoming High School Finals Rodeo, Gillette, Cam-Plex. Visit wyhsra.org for more information.

June 5-7 Wyoming Cattle Industry Convention and Trade Show, Gillette. Visit wysga.org for more information.

June 7-8 Overland Stage Stampede Rodeo, Green River. Call 208-680-5916 for entries or visit intermountainprorodeo.com/Rodeo-Information for online entries.

June 7-9 35th Annual Springtacular Jackpot Livestock Show, Riverton, Fremont County Fairplex. Call 307-856-6611 for more information. To enter visit fremontcountyfair.org/springfair.

June 8 Wyoming State Youth Hunter Education Challenge, Upton, Upton Gun Club. Call Rick Rothleutner at 307-281-9980 or George Oberstadt at 307777-4542 for more information.

June 8-9 Don Layton Antique Engine and Tractor Show, Shoshoni, East Park. Contact Carlta Witthair at 307-856-1164 or Cindy Leonhard at 307-456-6304 for more information.

June 9-15 College National Finals Rodeo, Casper, Casper Events Center. Visit cnfr. com for tickets or more information.

June 10 Commercial and Private Pesticide Applicator Training, Rock Springs, Western Wyoming Community College. RSVP by May 15 at rockspringspatroadshow.eventbrite.com.

June 11 Wyoming Women in Ag Diversification Tour, Gillette. Visit wywomeninag. org for more details.

June 11 Commercial and Private Pesticide Applicator Training, Riverton, Central Wyoming College. RSVP by May 15 at rivertonpatroadshow.eventbrite.com.

June 12 Commercial and Private Pesticide Applicator Training, Powell, Northwest College. RSVP by May 15 at powellpatroadshow.eventbrite.com.

June 13 Commercial and Private Pesticide Applicator Training, Sheridan, Northern Wyoming Community College. RSVP by May 15 at sheridanpatroadshow.eventbrite.com.

June 14 Commercial and Private Pesticide Applicator Training, Torrington, Eastern Wyoming College. RSVP by May 15 at torringtonpatroadshow.eventbrite. com.

June 15 Chris Ledoux Days, Kaycee, 2 p.m.

June 15 High Plains Ranch Practicum School Registration Deadline, Cheyenne area. For registration details visit HPRanchPracticum.com or contact Dallas Mount at 307-322-3667.

June 16-26 Seventh Annual Cow Cruise – Alaska Cruise and Denali Tour. Call Cruise Vacations at 855-530-0131 or visit clearoutwest.com or cruisevacations.ca for details.

June 27 Cover Crops Workshop, Sheridan, Sheridan College, 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. For more information call 307-673-4702.

Big horn Basin LIVESTOCK AUCTION LLC

May 16, 2019 - 167 Head Cows $3 to $5 Higher • Bulls $5 to $6 Higher Feeders No Test BULLS Pennoyer & Son Inc. - Thermopolis 1 Red Bull, 2075# ....................................... $9800 Clay Creek Angus - Greybull 1 Blk Bull, 2180# ........................................ $9400 1 Blk Bull, 1905# ........................................ $9200 Hamilton Ranch Inc. - Hyattville 1 Blk Bull, 2085# ........................................ $9400 1 Blk Bull, 2045# ........................................ $8900 Bjornestad Land & Cattle - Manderson 1 Blk Bull, 2020# ........................................ $9350 Trenkle, S. Frank - Otto 1 Blk Bull, 2305# ........................................ $9000 1 Blk Bull, 1605# ........................................ $8400 BRED COWS Nielson, Hunter - Worland 5 Blk Bred Cows ..................................... $142500 4 Blk Bred Cows ..................................... $140000 COWS Hamilton Ranch Inc. - Hyattville 1 Blk Cow, 1135# ........................................ $9500 1 Blk Cow, 1180# ........................................ $6400 1 Blk Cow, 1085# ....................................... $6400 1 Blk Cow, 1245# ....................................... $6250 1 Blk Cow, 1445# ....................................... $6200 1 Blk Cow, 1325# ....................................... $6100 Nielson, Hunter - Worland 1 Blk Cow, 1115# ........................................ $8800 1 Blk Cow, 1180# ........................................ $8400 1 Blk Cow, 1125# ........................................ $7450 1 Blk Cow, 1180# ........................................ $7300 1 Blk Cow, 1185# ........................................ $7000 1 Blk Cow, 1090# ....................................... $6800 1 Blk Cow, 1200# ....................................... $6250 Lazy B V Cattle - Meeteetse 1 Blk Cow, 1145# ........................................ $8700 1 Blk Cow, 1225# ....................................... $8100 1 Blk Cow, 1275# ....................................... $6850 1 Blk Cow, 1215# ....................................... $6300 Diamond E Properties - Thermopolis 1 Blk Cow, 1350# ....................................... $7050

Worland, WY

Sale Barn: 307-347-9201 Danny Vigil: 307-388-0781 1 Blk Cow, 1515# ....................................... $6500 1 Blk Cow, 1565# ....................................... $6300 1 BWF Cow, 1450# .................................... $5900 Horton, Darrell - Greybull 1 Blk Cow, 1250# ....................................... $6800 1 Blk Cow, 1530# ....................................... $6750 1 BWF Cow, 1595# .................................... $6600 1 Blk Cow, 1305# ....................................... $6450 1 Blk Cow, 1390# ....................................... $6300 Anderson, Aaron - Ten Sleep 1 Red Cow, 1120# ...................................... $6500 Johnstone, Jesse - Ten Sleep 1 Blk Cow, 1425# ....................................... $6450 1 Blk Cow, 1045# ....................................... $6350 Schlager, John - Worland 1 Blk Cow, 1380# ....................................... $6400 1 Blk Cow, 1385# ....................................... $5850 Doyle Ranch Inc. - Hyattville 1 Hfrd Cow, 1200#...................................... $6400 1 Hfrd Cow, 1290#...................................... $6300 1 Hrfd Cow, 1280#...................................... $6250 Snell, Raymond - Lovell 1 Hrfd Cow, 1225#...................................... $6350 1 Hrfd Cow, 1400#...................................... $6250 1 Hrfd Cow, 1355#...................................... $6250 Lazy T Ranch LLC - Ten Sleep 1 BWF Cow, 1135# ..................................... $6300 Boreen, Philip - Basin 1 Blk Cow, 1370# ....................................... $5850 Trenkle, S. Frank - Otto 1 Blk Cow, 1630# ....................................... $5800 HEIFERS Wallingford, Shiloh - Cody 1 Lnghrn Hfr ...............................................$4800 Brewster Ranch - Ten Sleep 4 BWF Hfrette, avg. 878# ......................... $11700 Hamilton Ranch Inc. - Hyattville 4 Blk Hfrette, avg. 1045# ............................ $9900

June 2 June 10-16 June 12-13 June 15 June 15 June 26-27 June 27-28 July 2 July 8-10 July 8-12

Art Olivier Complete Cow Dispersion, Montana Livestock Auction, Ramsay, Mont., 406-533-5904, 406-533-8773, 406-560-0960 Sioux Pass Angus Complete Dispersion, PAYS, Billings, Mont., 406-6392524, 406-679-2179 7th Annual Montana Horse Progress Days Auction, Reuben Miller Farm, Moore, Mont., 406-374-2287, 406-374-2517, 406-366-5125, 406-366-0472, shobeauction.com Arnold and Kathy Tollefson Fort Laramie Bed and Breakfast Complete Dispersion Auction, at the ranch north of Fort Laramie, 307-532-4976, 307534-5156, mcnameeauctioncompany.com Jake Clark’s Mule Days, Big Boulder Ranch, Ralston, 307-754-4320, saddlemule.com Superior Livestock Auction Corn Belt Classic XXI, Council Bluffs, Iowa, 800-422-2117, superiorlivestock.com Full House 10th Annual Elite Performance Stock Horse Sale, Weston County Fairgrounds, Newcastle, 307-746-5690, 307-421-1528, 307-7469477, fullhousehorsesale.com Wyoming All-Breed Gaited Horse Sale, Park County Fairgrounds, Powell, 307-272-3743, 307-431-2109, hennyauction.com Superior Livestock Auction Big Sky Roundup IV, Billings, Mont., 800422-2117, superiorlivestock.com Northern Livestock Video Auction Early Summer Special, 866-616-5035, northernlivestockvideo.com Cattle Country Video High Plains Showcase Sale, Goshen County Rendezvous Center, Torrington, 888-322-8853, cattlecountryvideo.com Western Video Market, Nugget Casino Resort, Reno, Nev., 530-347-3793, wvmcattle.com Superior Livestock Auction Week in the Rockies XXXI, Loveland, Colo., 800-422-2117, superiorlivestock.com

POSTCARD from the Past

Compiled by Dick Perue rrichardperue@gmail.com

A Time of Remembrance

The following was an editorial in the May 29, 1913 issue of “The Saratoga Sun.” The nation tomorrow bows its head for one brief day to honor the men who saved the Union. As years roll on, and few of the heroes of other days are left in the land of the living. We take up with more real meaning every year. The memory of those who fought that the United States might some day be

the greatest United Nation on the face of the Earth.

The dream is true and many lived to see it come to pass, but where one lived, thousands gave their lives.

Honor to the few who still remain and honor to those who rest at peace with the world. To those who sleep we cast a tear and leave a little flower, to those who live, we offer our hand. We cannot pay you in coin, in gratitude or expression.

What the nation owes you can never be paid. Only in the great life to come will you get blessing due to you.

Memorial Day brings to us the thought of a life to come, where all things are equalized, where the sorrows and sufferings of earthly things do not exist,

where we meet again the dear ones who have gone before. It is not necessary that only the dear old soldiers be remembered.

Remember the others too that have gone on.

If the silent marble lips of the veterans could speak, they would ask no greater plaudits than that we remember all, of both high and low, civilian or soldier on this day of memory. They would not ask they alone be remembered, far from it.

They claimed no glory for themselves. Great noble-hearted men who died so the nation might live.

Set aside your business tomorrow, and in your heart remember the men that are worth your memory. Show some appreciation for the men that were, and show your heart to the men who still live. It is the duty of every American citizen, to let the red blood circulate through his body, and let his breast fill with pride for the heroes of by gone days.

• Upcoming Sales • May 23 - All Class Cattle and Pair Special May 24 - Horse Sale May 30 - All Class Cattle

May 23, 2019 Dewitt Land and Cattle – 30 Blk Hfr pairs, Mar and Apr calves, 1 round of shots, no brands.

TD & Sons – 15 Blk 5 & 6-year-old pairs, Mar and Apr calves, 1 round of shots, no brands.

TD Partnership – 12 Blk Hfr pairs, Mar and Apr calves, 1 round of shots, no brands.

Tyler Sorch – 15 Hfr pairs, Mar calves, mineral program, 1 round of shots, no brands.

Memorial Day − Brisk wind and several inches of new snow didn’t put a damper on this Memorial Day program at the Saratoga cemetery in the late 1940s. Upper right insert shows a returning World War I soldier giving his niece a big hug. Saratoga Sun photo by Bob Martin, insert photo from Yoakum/Pilot family album, courtesy of Bob Martin/Dick Perue collection, Historical Reproductions by Perue

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

From the Kitchen Table

By Lynn Harlan Horse Crazy Moms This May I’m celebrating horse crazy moms.

I was the classic lover of horse books as a young girl and horse crazy. I didn’t grow up on a ranch riding for hours at a time where it was real work. I grew up in town and saw my horses for an hour or two after school. I spent summer days playing with friends horseback or practicing for a playday. I named my horse “Breyer” after the collection of horses I had read about.

I read them all, Marguerite Henry’s Misty of Chincoteague and her series. One of my fondest

memories of fourth grade is my teacher reading us Brighty of the Grand Canyon, Will James and his Smoky collection, with his vintage illustrations of the cowboy life, and all of the Walter Farley books, The Black Stallion and those many sequels.

I want to tell you about two of my favorite authors as a horse crazy adult, and they are both named Mary.

They published their books 77 years apart, but the pair deserves a visit.

Mary O’Hara wrote the trilogy My Friend Flicka, Thunderhead and Green Grass of Wyoming. They

were written in the 1940s but are as enduring and enchanting today. They may have been marketed as young adult books, but O’Hara’s writing is timeless and worth a revisit.

She and her second husband owned a ranch near Laramie for almost a decade, and it was Mary’s writing that literally saved the ranch.

I found this on Google, from King Features Syndicate on Dec. 3, 1941.

“New York, Dec. 3 − Modern Fairy Tale! A mortgage of $3,800 was due on the modest Wyoming ranch owned by a former Hollywood screenwriter and her husband. There was no money to pay it off. Two days before the final due date, the woman received a check for $4,500, just like in the fairy books. Her name is Mary O’Hara. The check was from the magazine Redbook in payment for serial rights to her first novel, My Friend Flicka,

15

which had been rejected by practically every other publication.”

Today, in book form, the story has become one of the nation’s best sellers, and only recently 20th Century Fox paid $50,000 for the screen rights.

If you love Wyoming, its people and horses, you’ll enjoy O’Hara’s depictions in her trilogy.

The second Mary is Mary Flitner of Shell and she is alive and well today.

She published her book, My Ranch, Too: A Wyoming Memoir in 2018. I don’t know if Mary’s book needs to save the ranch, but I do know Mary is having a great time traveling to book readings at libraries and social centers through-

out Wyoming.

Mary’s book is an ode to the modern day ranchwoman, with all its trials and tribulations. Again, if you love Wyoming, its people and horses, you’ll appreciate “My Ranch, Too.” With a nod to Mary Flitner’s chapter 18 in her book, “Horses, I’ll Remember,” here are some horses in real life that this horse crazy mom loved.

My first horse Buck, Moore Girl 30 and Ricochet Baby, also known as Black Beauty and the mare that took my two sisters and I to the high school rodeo finals. We also had Roanie, Fred, Wilbur, Rusty, Clyde and the roan mare. The horse I’m rid-

ing now is another Buck, one of the best walking out horses I’ve ever ridden. I hope I have a couple more good horses in my life.

Thinking about horses, I can't help but thank my horse crazy mom. Alice grew up in Oklahoma and was plunked down in the middle of a Wyoming winter in 1953, when she and my dad moved to Casper to start their married life.

Four kids followed, along with horse stories, play horses and then real horses, also. We started out with some from the sale barn and gradually acquired or raised better ones. Mom drove us all over the state to horse shows, county fairs and high school rodeos.

Thanks, mom.

Swine Fever vaccine studied in wild boar cent protection against a highly pathogenic strain of African Swine Fever, which is currently circulating in Asia and Europe.”

Infected animals can suffer terribly. Symptoms include high fever, depression, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, abortion in pregnant sow and redness of skin. The most dangerous forms of this virus can lead to the death of all those infected.

African swine fever affects more than 55 countries on three continents, including China, which contains nearly half of the world’s pig population. It is highly contagious and can be spread via contaminated feed and pork products, as well as shoes, clothes, vehicles, knives and equipment.

Transmission can also occur by the movement of infected livestock and across wild boar populations. It is this latter form of infection that Barasona and his colleagues hope to prevent.

The report can be found at frontiersin. org/articles.

Chris JUNE LeDoux

save the date!

h e

Wild boar can be immunized against African Swine Fever by a new vaccine delivered to the animals in their food.

Published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science, it is the first report of a promising inoculation against this deadly disease, which is a worldwide threat to the swine industry.

The study also provides evidence that this immunity can be passed on via contact with immunized individuals, but further studies are needed to examine exactly how this occurs, as well as the safety of repeated administration.

“African swine fever is of enormous concern to the pig industry,” says Dr. Jose Angel Barasona, a researcher at the VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre in Madrid, Spain and co-author of this research. “Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of the first oral vaccine against this disease on Eurasian wild boar.

Overall, we demonstrate that oral immunization of wild boar conferred 92 per-

9th Annual

2019

days 15th 2pm

Co-Sanctioned IMPRA, CPRA, WRA, WSRRA

32

nd

Annual

Overland Stage

$10,500

WILD HORSE RACE 3 Man Team - $150/Team 100% Payback Gates Open at 6pm Performances at 7pm

TICKET LOCATIONS: Green River Chamber Rock Springs Chamber Also Available at the Gate Online @ Rodeoticket.com

CALL FOR ENTRIES: 208-680-5916 DATE & TIME: May 27 - 3pm-7pm ONLINE ENTRIES: www.intermountainprorodeo.com/Rodeo-Information

Anytime until 7pm MDT Open now until May 27 CALL BACKS: May 28 5:30-7:30pm

SPONSORS: Memorial Hospital of Sweetwater County, The Radio Network, Hilcorp Energy Company, Wyo Radio, Trona Valley FCU, Simplot, Rocky Mountain Power (Pacific Corp.), Tata Chemicals, Mountain Aire Animal Clinic, Boot Barn, Fairmont Supply Brought to you by the Overland Stage Stampede Committee and the Green River Parks & Recreation Department

Questions Call 307-872-0514

BAREBACK RIDING SADDLE BRONC RIDING KIDS BARREL RACE SPECIALTY ACT, tim “wild thAng” lepard

6:30pm concert & street dance The Great Divide Ned LeDoux Micky and the Motor Cars

h e

ADMISSION: Adults: $10 at gate ($8 advance) Kids (6-12) & Sr’s (65+): $5 at gate ($4 advance) Kids 5 & Under FREE

TOTAL ADDED PURSE

Kaycee, Wyoming

JUNE 7-8, 2019 GREEN RIVER, WY

Kaycee, Wyoming

STAMPEDE RODEO

Rodeo & Concert/Street Dance - $20

•

Concert/Street Dance only - $10

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 3 • May 18, 2019

JUNE 9-15

PHOTOS BY DAN HUBBELL PHOTOGRAPHY

RIVERTON LIVESTOCK AUCTION Tuesday, May 14, 2019 Market Report • 731 Head Sold Representative Sales COWS TENSLEEP 4 Cow, 1045# ....................................$77.50 CASPER 2 Cow, 1222# ....................................$71.00 THERMOPOLIS 7 Cow, 1069# ....................................$69.00 RIVERTON 10 Cow, 1167# .....................................$65.50 TENSLEEP 7 Cow, 1136# .....................................$64.50 2 Cow, 1320# ....................................$63.50 RIVERTON 6 Cow, 1432# ....................................$61.00 DANIEL 2 Cow, 1217# ....................................$59.00 5 Cow, 1253# ....................................$58.50 BULLS FORT WASHAKIE 1 Bull, 1120# ......................................$98.00 SARATOGA 5 Bull, 1213# .....................................$91.00 2 Bull, 1245# .....................................$90.00 MCKINNON 1 Bull, 1905# .....................................$86.50 SHOSHONI 4 Bull, 1971# .....................................$85.25 PAVILLION 1 Bull, 2105# .....................................$82.50 BRED COWS/HEIFERS RIVERTON 6 Bred Cow, 1335# (SM) ..............$1,435.00 4 Bred Cow, 1300# (SM) ..............$1,400.00 GREYBULL 6 Bred Cow, 1464# (ST) ...............$1,050.00 RIVERTON 8 Bred Cow, 1389# (ST) ..................$910.00 JEFFREY CITY 2 Bred Heifer, 1050# ...................$1,325.00 EVANSTON 2 Bred Heifer, 1157# .....................$1,275.00 PAIRS RIVERTON 11 Pair, 1457# (ST) ........................$1,285.00

HEIFERS RIVERTON 19 Heifer, 490# ..................................$158.50 CODY 11 Heifer, 454# ..................................$151.00 MEDICINE BOW 9 Heifer, 560# ..................................$150.50 CODY 20 Heifer, 519# ..................................$141.00 MEDICINE BOW 11 Heifer, 652# ..................................$135.00 GILLETTE 20 Heifer, 680# ..................................$134.00 STEERS BURLINGTON 4 Steer, 520# ...................................$182.00 CODY 23 Steer, 536# ...................................$160.00 CROWHEART 5 Steer, 688# ...................................$140.00 BURLINGTON 9 Steer, 705# ...................................$139.00 BURLINGTON 19 Steer, 856# ...................................$126.50 HEIFERETTES DANIEL 15 Heiferette, 848# ............................$112.50 THERMOPOLIS 4 Heiferette, 902# ............................$109.00 RIVERTON 2 Heiferette, 980# ............................$106.00 THERMOPOLIS 3 Heiferette, 996# ............................$100.00 TENSLEEP 4 Heiferette, 1010# ............................$99.00 RIVERTON 3 Heiferette, 1038# ............................$97.00 PAVILLION 1 Heiferette, 1125# ............................$96.00

Be sure to check out our country cattle listings at www.cattleusa.com

Early Consignments TUESDAY, MAY 21

TUESDAY, JUNE 4

BRED COW & PAIR SPECIAL START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS, BREDS & PAIRS @ 11:00 AM

NO SALE

PAIRS Garrett Ranch - 50 Blk Ang & AngX 2-4 Yr old Pairs. Ready for green grass, fancy!

P/T Livestock - 45 Blk Ang 2-8 Yr old Pairs.

Calves rec C&D+T & Multimin @ Birth.

Tagged to match. Extra fancy, high elevation pairs! (2/3 of cows are 2-4 Yrs old) Diamond X Ranch - 6 ST Blk Ang Pairs Pam Noriega - 4 Blk Ang Hfr Pairs. Calves sired by Schaff & Connealy Blk Ang bulls.

Rec 7-way w/ C & D @ Birth. Tagged to match. Hfrs originated from Lyman Ranch.

Stout, powerful calves at side.

BRED COWS Hat Bar Cattle Co - 30 Running Age Bred cows. Bred to Popo Agie Blk Ang bulls to calve now.

Dustin & Tara Brost - 10 Blk 3-6 Yr old Bred cows. Bred to Connealy & Sitz Blk Ang bulls to calve May/June.

TUESDAY, MAY 28 FEEDER SPECIAL W/ SHEEP & HORSES START TIME 9:00 AM W/ SHEEP & WEIGH UPS 39 Blk & Red Ang Pairs (5-10 Yrs old) D & D Cattle - 8 Corriente Strs & Hfrs 350-400#.

Fresh, never been roped. Ready to rope now!

TUESDAY, JUNE 11 ALL CATTLE CLASSES

TUESDAY, JUNE 18 NO SALE

TUESDAY, JUNE 25 ALL CATTLE CLASSES W/ SHEEP, GOATS & HORSES Hellyer Ranch - 105 Blk Ang 2-10 Yr Old Cow/ Calf Pairs (66- 2-5 Yr Olds, 19- 6-7 Yr olds, 20-8-10 Yr olds) Popo Agie Angus genetics in cow herd for years. Popo Agie sired calves. On complete mineral program & comp Fall vacc program. One brand. Run @ 8,500 ft elevation. Choice pairs!

TUESDAY, JULY 2 NO SALE

TUESDAY, JULY 9 ALL CATTLE CLASSES

TUESDAY, JULY 16 NO SALE

Contact: Riverton Livestock Auction (307) 856-2209 • Jeff Brown (307) 850-4193 • Tom Linn (307) 728-8519 • Mark Winter (580) 747-9436 • www.rivertonlivestock.com • Also watch our live cattle auction at www.cattleusa.com

1490 South 8th Street East • Riverton, WY 82501 • (307) 856-2209