Docetaxel incorporated ZnO/PCL Nanoscaffold Biosensor for Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Saisupriyalakshmi J.S.a, Vishnupriya N.S.a and Dharmalingam Sangeethaa Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anna University, Chennai-600 025, India e-mail: sangeetha@annauniv.edu
Clinical evidences show that recurrence of lung cancer cells is the predominant reason for penurious survival rates.In this scenario, use of nano bio technology can circumvent the demerits associated with traditional cancer treatments.Drug and nanoparticle incorporated electrospun nanofibers proves to be a promising area effectively serving to defend the recurrence of cancer cells because of its high surface area , enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity.In this study,we report the fabrication of docetaxel doped zinc oxide nanoparticles decorated polycaprolactone nanofibers for its promising effects against A549 lung cancer cells.We have adopted a response surface methodological design named central composite design to optimise the parameters for electrospinning.The nanofibers fabricated by electrospinning technique are also characterised by SEM for their morphology,XRD to confirm their semi crystalline nature and FTIR spectroscopy for their chemical bonding.HPLC was also carried out to study the retention time of the incorporated drug docetaxel which is found to be around 11.7 minutes . Further , MTT results showed provoking toxicity percentage against A549 lung cancer cells wherein the cell viability percentage was around 20.47% at 500µg/ml. Acceptable hemolysis percentage less than 5% was also observed for our nanofibers highly demonstrating its bio compatibility to the surrounding normal cells.Most evidently an apoptotic mode of cell death was observed for the fabricated nanofibers showing exceptional effects against A549 lung cancer cells which is confirmed from our flow cytometry analysis.Thus our fabricated nanofibers proves to be a convinvcing material due to incorporated zinc oxide nanoparticles and drug docetaxel serving for enhanced degradation and improved cytotoxicity to A549 lung cancer cells encapsulated inside polycaprolactone nanofibers exhibiting steering effects in the field of synthetic biology.
XRD
FTIR
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Characterization Studies of Nanofibrous Scaffolds: (a) PCL, (b) PCL+ZnO, (c) PCL+ZnO+DTX
SEM
FTIR
XRD
TGA&DSC
Graphical abstract :
In Vitro Studies MTT assay-A549-Lung Cancer cell lines
Synthesis and Mechanism of ZnO
S. No.
Nanofibrous scaffold
1.
PCL
2. 3.
PCL+ZnO PCL+ZnO+DTX
Flow Cytometry Analysis
IC50 Values (μg/ml) 248.6 115.6 98
Blood compatibility
S. No.
Nanofibrous scaffold
Hemolysis (%)
1.
PCL
3.66 ± 0.08
2.
PCL+ZnO
4.35 ± 0.12
3.
PCL+ZnO+DTX
5.47 ± 0.15
HPLC study : Retention time
S. No.
Materials
1.
PCL
6.00
2.
ZnO
11.70
3.
DTX
15.45
(Min)
Characterization studies of Synthesized ZnO nanoparticle SEM with EDX Analysis
Conclusion: Electrospun polymeric nano-fibrous scaffold retains greater flexibility to adjust the morphological and biological properties conquered due to the incorporation of anti-oxidant Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle and chemotherapeutic Docetaxel (DTX) for lung cancer therapeutics. Fabricated nano-scaffold induces the apoptotic mode of cell death and hence can be used as the post-operative dressing material to arrest cellular inhibition of the unaddressed lung cancer cells scattered in the tumor site after surgery. We have also communicated this paper to Journal of materials science - Materials in medicine.