Seligson ilo and ship recycling

ILO and Ship Recycling T H E I N T E R N AT I O N A L CONFERENCE ON SHIP RECYCLING WO R L D M A R I T I M E U N I V E R S I T Y MALMÖ 7-9 APRIL 2013 D AV I D S E L I G S O N S P E C I A L I S T O N M A N U FAC T U R I N G I N T E R N AT I O N A L L A B O U R O F F I C E

Contents 2

 Overview of the ILO  How did ship breaking enter the agenda?  Guidelines and inter-agency cooperation  Enter the Convention  Challenges  How can ILO contribute?

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ILO – What it is 3

 Only tripartite UN-organization  Established in the Peace Treaty of Versailles in 1919  185 member states

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ILO Priorities 4



Strategic objectives guiding programme and budget: ¡

¡

¡ ¡

To promote and realize standards, and fundamental principles and rights at work To create greater opportunities for women and men to secure decent employment To enhance the coverage and effectiveness of social protection for all To strengthen tripartism and social dialogue

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ILO – What it does 5

 Formulates international policies and programmes to promote basic human

rights, improve working and living conditions, and enhance employment opportunities.  Creates international labour standards to serve as guidelines for national authorities in putting these programmes into action.  Implements technical cooperation projects to assist countries in making these policies effective in practice.  Conducts training, education, research and publishing activities to help advance all of these efforts.

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Shipbreaking: history 6

 Up to 1970’s ships broken in shipyards in the US and

Europe  70’s and 80’s Taiwan (China) and Korea were leaders, also China and Turkey  From 90’s concentrated in five countries: Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, China, Turkey

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Shipbreaking emerging at the ILO 7

 1988 ILO Metals Trades Committee issues a Resolution

nr 100:

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Ship breaking mentioned for the first time 8

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ILO tripartite meeting 2000 9

 Report had a chapter on ship breaking ¡ Highlights hazards for workers ¡ Suggests a ”Global Scrapping Endowment Fund” and ”A Global Scrapping Tax Fund”, whereby both shipbuilding and shipping industry would participate in costs of scrapping

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2000 meeting conclusion 10

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Preparing of the ILO Guidelines 11

 ILO produced a film in 2000  First workshop in Chittagong, Bangladesh in 2001  Other workshops and fact-finding missions to Pakistan,

India, China and Turkey in 2001-2002  A tripartite experts meeting in September 2003 adopted the guidelines

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ILO Guidelines 12

Available in English, French, Spanish, Hindi, Bangla and Chinese at http://www.ilo.org/safework/ info/standards-andinstruments/codes/ WCMS_107689/lang--en/ index.htm In print also in Turkish and Urdu

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2003: early guidelines 13

 Problems for environment and human health well

documented since early 90’s

ILO

IMO

UNEP-BC

• 2003 • Guidelines for shipbreaking

• 2003 • Guidelines for ship recycling

• 2002 • Guidelines for dismantling of ships

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Inter-agency co-operation 14

 A joint working group for IMO, ILO and SBC established

in 2004  Three meetings: February 2005, December 2005, October 2008

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New phase: IMO and the convention 15

 IMO decides to prepare a convention in 2005  ILO participates in the IMO process preparation of the

convention and the accompanying guidelines

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Hong Kong Convention adopted in 2009 16

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Hong Kong Convention reference to ILO 17

Preamble:

Article 15:

Regulation 3:

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Issues and challenges 18

 Unsafe and unhealthy working and living conditions  Little or no protection in case of sickness, accidents  Lack of labour inspection  Often no employment contracts  A mainly unskilled and (semi)/illiterate workforce, mostly migrant     

workers Long working hours, sometimes shiftwork Child labourɁ Lack of recognition of the industry Workers mostly not organized Lack of dialogue among partners 8.4.2013

Decent Work in sustainable ship recycling 19

 Contribute to achieve the goals of the Hong Kong

Convention  ILO can contribute to a better skilled labour force ¡ an industry that is recognised and sustainable with potential for growth, high productivity, better outcome and/or diversifying its activities ¡ an industry that has a green (or greener) footprint ¡

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…and more ILO contribution…

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 development of a preventative safety and health culture and more

healthy workplaces, leading to a more healthy workforce and less accidents and diseases (also better business)  development and introduction of proper and transparent employment contracts outlining at least basic conditions for the employment relationship  provision of a (minimum) social security floor  development of harmonious industrial relations, based on dialogue

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…and yet more 21

 a sound and constructive tripartite or bipartite dialogue between

government, employers and workers, recalling the overarching principle of worker involvement and the need to involve other partners and stakeholders  strengthened labour administration  observing the principles of core labour standards

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ILO has many relevant instruments 22

 Conventions ¡

Fundamental ÷ freedom

of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining (87, 98); the elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labour (29, 105); the effective abolition of child labour (138, 182); and the elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation (100, 111)

¡

Safety and Health ÷ prevention

of major industrial accidents (174), asbestos (162), chemicals (170) and many more

 Codes of Practice and Guidelines ÷ Recording

and notification of occupational accidents and diseases, use of asbestos, safety and health in the use of machinery and many more 8.4.2013

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Thank you!

David Seligson Specialist on manufacturing ILO Sectoral Activities Department seligson@ilo.org 8.4.2013