Haryana State Brief

Haryana

Indicators at a Glance HARYANA

ALL INDIA

POPULATION 1991

2001

2011

2011

Total population (million)

16

21

25

1211

Urban share (%)

25

29

35

31

Share of adults (% age 15+)

60

67

73

70

Child sex ratio (age 0-6)

879

819

834

919

1994

2005

2012

2012

POVERTY & INEQUALITY Poor (million) Poverty rate (%)

Gini coefficient

6

5

3

270

All

36

24

11

22

Rural

40

25

12

25

Urban

24

22

10

14

0.27

0.33

0.32

0.32

1994

2005

2012

2012

25,853

42,133

68,531

42,647

Agriculture

42

23

17

14

Industry

26

33

29

28

Services

31

44

54

57

All

INCOME & GROWTH Real GSDP per capita (2005 rupees) By sector (%)

Annual growth rate of real GSDP per capita (%)

1994 to 2005

2005 to 2012

2005 to 2012

4.5

7.2

6.7

JOBS Labor force participation rate (%)

Workers by sector (%)

Workers by wage-type (%)

1

June 20, 2017

1994

2005

2012

2012

All

61

61

49

56

Male

81

79

75

80

Female

39

40

19

31

Agriculture

57

52

43

49

Industry

15

22

27

24

Services

28

26

29

27

Self-Employed

62

64

56

52

Salaried

17

20

24

18

Casual Wage

21

16

20

30

Haryana

Indicators at a Glance HARYANA

ALL INDIA

HEALTH 2001

2006

2013

2013

Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

176

186

127

167

Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)

65

57

41

40

Stunting (% age 0-5)

—

46*

37~

39~

1994

2005

2012

2012

Literate (% adults)

53

65

75

70

Secondary education and above (% adults)

22

31

43

32

INFRASTRUCTURE & AMENITIES Power

1994

2005

2012

2012

All

79

91

96

80

Rural

75

90

95

73

Urban

90

95

99

96

2008

2012

2012

All

68

77

56

Rural

61

72

46

Urban

85

87

77

All

34

17

44

Rural

45

26

60

Urban

8

1

9

Connectivity

2005

2012

2012

Road density - km. per million people

1,264

1,657

3,231

Road density - km. per 1,000 sq. km.

648

964

1,206

2012

2013

2014

2014

Debt to GSDP ratio (%)

23

23

22

51

Fiscal Deficit (% of GSDP)

2.3

3.0

3.0

4.4

Real GSDP growth rate (%)

8.0

5.5

7.0

6.9

EDUCATION

Electrification (% households)

Water and sanitation Drinking water on premises (% households)

Open defecation (% households)

RECENT GROWTH AND FISCAL PERFORMANCE

* NFHS III, ~ RSOC

2

June 20, 2017

Haryana

Poverty, Growth & Inequality Haryana, home to 25 million people, is one of India’s richest states. Since 1994, the state has seen a steady decline in poverty, especially in rural areas. As a result, Haryana records lower levels of poverty than most other states, with the exception of some pockets in its northern and western regions. Growth, which is close to the national average, is supported mainly by services. While consumption inequality has increased in both rural and urban areas after 1994, it has fallen of late in rural areas.

Poverty in Haryana is lower than in most states Population below poverty line, 2012 (%) 50

40

40 37

37

35

34

33

32

32 29

30

22

22

21

20

20

19

17

17

15

15 12

12

10

11

11

11

10

9

9

8

8

8 5

0 CG JH MN AR BH OD AS MP UP AI MZ KA WB NL MH GJ TR RJ MG TN UK HR JK DL AP SK

PJ

KL HP GA

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

There is more poverty in the northern and western districts of Haryana District level poverty, 2012 Patna

Population below the poverty line, 2012 (%)

N

1

June 20, 2017

0.6-5.2 0-3 5.3-13.2 3-8 13.3-17.2 8-11 17.3-22.6 11-18 22.7-62.8 18-27 No data

Haryana

Poverty, Growth & Inequality Unlike in most Indian states where poverty reduction was faster after 2005, Haryana has seen a steady decline in poverty since 1994 Population below poverty line, (%) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 MN JH BH OD AR AS CG KA MH UP AI TN AP MP WB RJ

● 1994

● 2005

GJ MG HR HP UK TR SK KL JK

PJ

GA NL DL MZ

● 2012

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

Steady poverty reduction in rural Haryana since 1994, more progress in urban areas after 2005 Population below poverty line, (%) 50

40

Rural Total

40

36

30

25 24

Urban 20

24

22 12 11

10 10

0 1994

2

June 20, 2017

2005

2012

Haryana

Poverty, Growth & Inequality 0

10

20

30

Annual decline in poverty rate, 2005 - 2012 (%)

-1

40

50

60

70

80

High poverty, declining slowly

AS

Growth in Haryana has been close to the nationalJHaverage since 2005 -3

Annual growth 2005- 2012 - 2012 Annual growthrate, rate, 2005 (%) (%)

11

CG

-5

9 8 7 6

WB

-9

BH

All India

Leading OD

GJ

Data for 19 large states and All India.

Low Income States are highlighted in orange.

TN

HR

-11 KL PJ RJ

BH -13

OD CGHP MP

-15

5

Low poverty, UP declining fast

-17 Lagging

4

MP

KA

-7

Improving

10

UP

UK

GJ

AP MH RJ

MH

KL HP

TN

HR

Interpreting the graph

KA

UK

Improvement from 2005 to 2012

12

PJ

WB AP

JH AS

Weakening

3 2

0

Leading High income, high growth

Lagging Low income, low growth

Weakening High income, low growth

Standard of living, 2005

5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000

per capita, (2005 RealReal GSDPGSDP per capita, (2005 Rupees)

Improving Low income, high growth

Rupees) All India

Services are the main driver of growth in Haryana Annual growth rate, (%)

Components of GSDP growth rate, (%)

20 20

14 14 12 12

15 15

10 10 10 10

5

0

5

0

-5 -5 20052006 20062007 20072008 20082009 20092010 2010201120112012 2012 2005

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2

0

0

8.6

5.3 2.6

6.8 6.3

6.3

4.8

5.3

3.0

2.8 -0.6

5.6

2.9

-0.4

2.1

1.1

3.4

1.4

0.0

1.7

1.4

0.9

1.3

-0.3

-2 -2

■ Haryana GSDP

■ All India GDP 2005 2006 20062007 20072008 20082009 20092010 2010 20112011 2012 2012 2005

■ Services

3

June 20, 2017

■ Industry

■ Agriculture

Haryana

Poverty, Growth & Inequality Poverty reduction in Haryana has been faster than in many other states Poverty rate, 2005

Annual decline in poverty rate, 2012 Annual decline in poverty rate,2005 2005 --2012 (%)(%)

0

10

20

30

-1

40

50

60

70

80

High poverty, declining slowly

AS

-3

JH CG UP

-5

MP

KA

-7

WB

-9

BH

All India

OD

Data for 19 large states and All India.

Low Income States are highlighted in orange.

GJ HR

-11

RJ KL PJ

-13

TN

HP

-15

Low poverty, declining fast

MH

UK AP

-17

Haryana has a smaller share of India’s poor relative to its population bubble size: number of poor (millions)

UP

20

Data for 19 large states and All India.

Low Income States are highlighted in yellow.

BH

15

What % of India’s poor lives in this state?

Stateshare share in poor, 20122012 (%) (%) State in India’s India’s poor,

25

MP

10

MH

JH

5

OD

HP

0

WB

RJ

CG GJ

AS

0

KA

HR KL UK PJ

5

TN

AP

10

15

20

State sharein inIndia’s India’s population, 20122012 (%) (%) State share population,

4

June 20, 2017

25

Interpreting the graph Share of poor > share of population

e ar Sh

or po of

e ar sh

of

n io at ul p po

=

Share of poor < share of population

What % of India’s population lives in this state?

Haryana

Poverty, Growth & Inequality While consumption inequality has risen steadily in urban Haryana, it has been declining in rural areas since 2005 Gini coefficient 0.39

0.4 0.33

0.3

0.34

0.33

0.32

0.27

0.27

0.25

0.27

0.2

0.1

0.0 Total

Rural

■ 1994

■ 2005

Urban

■ 2012

Consumption inequality in Haryana is close to the national average Gini coefficient, 2012 0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1 KL DL KA MH AR TN AI HR WB MP CG UP

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

5

June 20, 2017

PJ

HP GA UK AP GJ MZ OD JK JH RJ AS TR NL BH SK MG MN

Haryana Jobs

Haryana’s people are increasingly employed in the non-farm sectors of the economy. After 2005, most new jobs in Haryana were created in construction and services. While this has led to rising wage employment in the state, the pace of job creation has been slow. Two-fifths of the workforce is still on the farm. There are very few new jobs for women, many of who have withdrawn from the labor force in large numbers.

People in Haryana are increasingly moving off the farm Employment share by sector, (%) 100

43

48

57

80

■ Non-farm

60 56

■ Farm

52

40

43

20

0 1994

2005

2012

Non-farm employment share in Haryana is higher than the national average Non-farm employment share, 2012 (%) 100

80

100

96

74

73 65

60

64

61

61

58

57 51

51

40

51

51

50

50

50

48

47

45

44

44

43

42

41

40

38

38 32

27

20

0 DL GA KL TR TN PJ MN WB JK HR GJ UK AI MH JH KA RJ UP AP MZ OD AS MG HP MP NL SK BH AR CG

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

1

June 20, 2017

Haryana Jobs

Job growth in Haryana was negative after 2005 Number of jobs added, 2005-2012 (mn)

Annual job growth, 2005-2012 (%)

WB UP RJ MH CG BH OD AP DL MP GJ TN

WB

1.8

UP

0.8

RJ

1.1

MH

0.5

CG

1.6

BH

0.5

OD

0.7

AP

0.3

DL

2.2

MP

0.4

GJ

0.3

TN

0.2

PJ

PJ

0.5

TR HP SK MG GA MZ MN AR AS KL JH HR NL UK KA

TR

4.4

-1

0

1

2

3

4

HP

1.3

SK

3.9

MG

0.7

GA

1.3

MZ

1.1

MN

0.1

AR

-0.1

AS

0.0

KL

-0.1

JH

-0.2

HR

-0.3

NL

-3.6

UK

-1.0

KA

-0.5

5

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

Construction and services created new jobs in Haryana after 2005 Number of jobs, (mn)

Annual job growth, 2005-2012 (%)

FARM

FARM

-3

MANU

MANU

0

THR

THR

-2

PUB

PUB

3

CONS

CONS

7

TRAN

TRAN

3

FIRB

7

MINE+UTIL

-2

FIRB MINE+UTIL

0

2

1

2

■ 2005 June 20, 2017

3

■ 2012

4

5

Haryana Jobs

Wage labor, both casual and salaried, increased in Haryana after 2005 Employment by wage type, (%) 100

16

80

20

60

64

20 Wage Labor

24

56

40 Self Employed

20

0 2005

■ Casual Wage

2012

■ Salaried

■ Self Employed

One-fourth of the workers in Haryana have salaried jobs, which is higher than the national average Salaried jobs share, 2012 (%) 70 63

60

60

50 40 30

28

27

26

25

24

24

23

22

22

22

20 10

21

19

18

18

18

18

17

17

14

14

13

13

11

11

11

10

10 6

0 DL GA PJ MH TN GJ NL HR KA KL MZ SK JK AR HP AP AI UK WB MG MN AS RJ TR MP UP OD JH CG BH

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

3

June 20, 2017

Haryana Jobs

Since 2005, most new jobs in Haryana are for men Million

Annual growth, 2005-2012 (%)

20 20

â&#x2013; 2005 15 15

â&#x2013; 2012

Working age population not in school

2.3

+2.3 -0.3

All Workers -0.2

10 10

2.2

Male Workers

+1.0 5 5

-1.2

Female Workers

-7.2

0 0

Working age population not in school

All Workers

Male Workers

Female Workers

-8 -8

-6 -6

-4 -4

-2 -2

0 0

Sharp decline in female labor force participation in Haryana after 2005 Labor force participation rate, (%) 100 83

80 80

80 77

76 73

60 44

Urban Male

48

Rural Female Urban Female

40 22

20

24

20 14

0 1993-94

4

June 20, 2017

Rural Male

2004-05

2011-12

2 2

4 4

Haryana Gender

Women in Haryana record mixed progress. On a positive note, maternal mortality is low and improving. Although fewer adult women have secondary education compared to adult men, the young are seeing a narrower gap in schooling. On the other hand, the state has the worst child sex ratio in the country. And, female labor force participation has declined dramatically, especially after 2005. As a result, few women work in Haryana today. When urban women work, they tend to have salaried jobs, while rural women work mostly on the farm.

Haryana has the lowest child sex ratio in the country Child sex ratio, 2011 (age 0-6) females per 1,000 males 1,000 972 970 970 969

964 962

957 957 956

950

948 948

943 943 942 941 939 936 935 919 918

900

909

902

894 890 890 888 871

862 846

850

834

800 AR MG MZ CG KL AS SK TR WB KA JH NL TN GA OD AP MN BH AI MP HP UP MH GJ UK RJ DL JK

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

There is improvement in child sex ratio in Haryana after 2001 Child sex ratio, (age 0-6) females per 1,000 males 1,000 950 900

879

850

819

834

800 750 700 1991

1

June 20, 2017

2001

2011

PJ HR

Haryana Gender

Fewer maternal deaths in Haryana today Maternal mortality ratio maternal deaths per 100,000 live births 200 162

153

150

127

100

50

0 2003

2009

2013

Maternal mortality in Haryana is lower than in many other states Maternal mortality ratio, 2013 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births 300

285 285

300

244 208 208

221 221 222

200 167

112 113

100 61

68

79

127 133

141

92

0 KL MH TN AP GJ WB HR KA PJ

AI BH JH MP CG OD RJ UP UK AS

Data for 19 large states and All India.

Low income states are highlighted in orange and AI is All India.

2

June 20, 2017

Haryana Gender

A third of Haryana’s female adults have secondary education, which is higher than the national average Secondary education attainment among women, 2012 (% adults) 70 60

57 52

50

46

43

40

41

38

38

35

34

34

33

31

30

30

28

28

26

26

26

26 22

20

21

21

20

20

20 16

16

16

15

14

10 0 DL GA NL KL HP MN PJ MH TN HR KA UK MG MZ AR JK AP AI

GJ SK AS UP JH WB MP CG OD RJ BH TR

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

There is gender disparity in schooling among adults in Haryana, rural women lag behind urban Education attainment, 2012 (% adults) 60 52

Rural Females

50 40

42

36

19

13

25

34

30

Urban Females 20

16

19 14

17 23

12

14

11

53

10 0

Males

■ Illiterate

3

Females

■ Literate or primary school completed

June 20, 2017

0

20

■ Middle school completed

40

60

80

100

■ Secondary school or higher completed

Haryana Gender

Gender gaps in schooling are closing for the young in Haryana Enrolled in education institutes, (%)

2005 16

11

21-23

5

Female

Male

15-17

14

39

25

18-20

Age

12

69

57

100

80

3

87

84

6-8

8

95

87

9-11

13

92

79

12-14

60

40

20

0

20

40

60

80

100

Enrolled in education institutes, (%)

2012 Female

21-23

15-17

100

June 20, 2017

15

60

92 96

80

6

86

88

6-8

4

Male

8

80

Age 9-11

29

45

18-20

12-14

21

95

3

96

0

93

60

40

20

0

20

40

60

80

5 100

Haryana Gender

Female labor force participation in Haryana is among the lowest in the country Female labor force participation rate, 2012 (%) 70 63

60

63 55

55 49

50

47 43

40

41

40

38

38

37

37

36

33

30

33

32

32

31

31

30

27

25

25

25

24 19

20

17

15 9

10 0 HP SK CG MG MZ AP RJ NL TN MH AR TR UK MN KA OD JK KL AI MP GJ

PJ

JH WB UP GA HR AS DL BH

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

Sharp decline in female labor force participation in Haryana after 2005 Labor force participation rate, (%) 100 83

80 80

80 77

76 73

60 44

Urban Male

48

Rural Female Urban Female

40 22

20

24

20 14

0 1993-94

5

June 20, 2017

Rural Male

2004-05

2011-12

Haryana Gender

Farming is the main activity for rural women in Haryana, more non-farm jobs for rural men Share of employed, 2012 (%) Rural Males

Rural Females

3

17

16

6

4

50 86

17

■ Farm - All

■ Non-farm Self Employed

■ Non-farm Salaried

■ Non-farm Casual Wage

When urban women work, they tend to have more salaried jobs than urban men in Haryana Share of employed, 2012 (%) Urban Males

11

Urban Females

5

5

13 17

38 46

■ Farm - All

6

June 20, 2017

66

■ Non-farm Self Employed

■ Non-farm Salaried

■ Non-farm Casual Wage

Haryana Social Inclusion

Despite overall progress in poverty reduction, some social groups in Haryana have been left behind.

Scheduled Castes in particular display higher levels of poverty than other groups. Moreover, education and job outcomes for these groups present a stark contrast with others. Open defecation is also higher among the Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes. Compared to this, access to drinking water does not vary as much between households.

Higher poverty among Scheduled Castes in Haryana Population below poverty line, (%) 50

47

Households by Social Group, 2012 (%) 40

All India Haryana Scheduled Tribe

9

1

Scheduled Caste

19

22

Other Backward Caste

43

26

General

29

51

Pace of poverty reduction 28

30

24 -9% per year

20

4% per year

10

9

8

7

13 -10% per year 4 -10% per year

0 2005

■ Scheduled Tribe

2012

■ Scheduled Caste

■ Other Backward Caste

■ General

Poverty among Scheduled Castes in Haryana is close to the national average SC population below poverty line, 2012 (%) 60 50 40

51

47

44

41

40

40

39 33

30

33

29

29

24

20

21

20

19

19

19

19

18

18

16

16

16

10

15

15

13

10 0

0 BH CG MN UP JH MP OD KA GA AI AS HR WB MH DL TN RJ

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

1

16

June 20, 2017

JK

GJ SK KL HP NL

0

PJ UK AR AP TR MG MZ

Haryana Social Inclusion

There is stark variation in schooling by social groups in Haryana Education attainment, 2012 (% adults) 37

Scheduled Tribe

13

22

33

Scheduled Caste

27

29

Other Backward Caste

20

General 0

19

14

20

■ Illiterate

28

15

25

14

38

12

54

40

60

80

100

■ Literate or primary school completed

■ Middle school completed

■ Secondary school or higher completed

Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have more casual wage jobs than others in Haryana Share of employed, 2012 (%) Scheduled Tribe

37

47

Scheduled Caste

29 51 19

16

■ Casual Wage ■ Salaried

Other Backward Caste

General

■ Self-employed

6 22 27 22

2

June 20, 2017

56

68

Haryana Social Inclusion

Open defecation is higher among some groups in Haryana, but lower than the national average Households practicing open defecation, 2012 (%) 100

80 69 59

60 44

48

44

40

20

33 21

18

17

11

0 All

Scheduled Tribe

■ Haryana

Scheduled Caste

Other Backward Caste

General

■ All India

Access to drinking water is higher than the national average for most households in Haryana Households with drinking water on premises, 2012 (%) 100

80

77

78

77

75

69 56

60

58

55 44

40 27

20

0 All

Scheduled Tribe

■ Haryana

3

June 20, 2017

Scheduled Caste

Other Backward Caste

■ All India

General

Haryana

Health and Education 70 60 50

Education is an area 40 in which Haryana has made significant progress. More adults in Haryana have completed secondary school than in many other states. And children’s learning outcomes 30 are among the highest in the country. On health, however, there is mixed progress. On a positive 20 note, Haryana records lower rates of open defecation than many other states. And infant mortality, 10 which is close to the national average, is declining. Nonetheless, malnutrition levels in the state 0 remain high, even among the richer households.

Total

Rural

Urban

Infant mortality is declining in Haryana Infant mortality rate Number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births 70

62

57

60 50

45

44

41

40

32

30 20 10

■ 2006

0 Total

Rural

■ 2013

Urban

Haryana’s infant mortality rate is close to the national average Infant mortality rate, 2013 Number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births 60

50

46

40 31

30

18

20

10

9

10

21

22

24

24

31

32

32

35

35

36

26

26

PJ

TR KA WB AR UK HP MZ GJ

37

37

39

40

41

47

47

50

51

54

54

42

12

0 GA MN KL NL TN SK MH DL

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

1

June 20, 2017

JK JH AP AI HR BH CG MG RJ UP OD AS MP

Haryana

Health and Education Malnutrition in Haryana is similar to the national average Stunting in children <5 years, 2014 (%) 50

47

40

30

20

27

19

21

28

28

29

29

32

33

34

34

34

35

35

35

36

37

38

39

41

42

42

43

49

50

43

31

31

PJ

TR JK MN UK HP KA WB AP MH RJ HR OD AI AS MP GJ MG CG JH BH UP

23

10

0 KL GA TN MZ SK AR DL NL

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

Similar levels of malnutrition across income groups in Haryana Stunting in children <5 years, 2006 (%) 70 60

60 50

60

62 54

48

46

52

49

47 41

40 27

30

25

20 10 0

All

Quintile 1

Quintile 2

â&#x2013; Haryana Latest stunting data by wealth class available for 2006.

2

June 20, 2017

Quintile 3

â&#x2013; All India

Quintile 4

Quintile 5

Haryana

Health and Education Open defecation is lower in Haryana than in other states Households practicing open defecation, 2012 (%) 100

80 68 58

60

40

34

30

20

0

0

0

0

1

0

1

2

4

7

12

16

16

16

17

35

35

39

42

44

61

Households practicing open defecation, 2012(%) 80

83

87

93

80

60

40 36

20

20

17

17

13 7

0 All

Quintile 1

Quintile 2

â&#x2013; Access and use of latrine

3

June 20, 2017

61

JK AP TN AI KA RJ MP UP BH CG OD JH

The poor tend to defecate in the open more than the rich in Haryana

64

74

45

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

83

73

22

NL DL SK MZ MN TR KL MG GA AS AR PJ UK HR HP WB MH GJ

100

68

Quintile 3

Quintile 4

â&#x2013; Open defecation

Quintile 5

Haryana

Health and Education More adults in Haryana have completed secondary school than in many other states Secondary education attainment, 2012 (% adults) 70 62 58

60 52

50

47 38

40 30 20

18

21

24

24

25

25

25

26

26

27

28

30

32

32

32

32

34

39

40

43

41

43

48

43

34

10 0 TR OD CG BH WB RJ SK MP AS UP JH MZ GJ AR MG AI AP JK UK TN KA PJ MH KL HR HP MN NL GA DL

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

Since 2005, significant progress in secondary schooling and above in Haryana Education attainment, (% age 18-30)

Enrollment by age cohort, (%)

70 70 60

60 60

+12 54

33

18-20

50 50

25

13

21-23

+21

43

40 40

Age

30 30 20 20 10 10

+19

83

64

15-17

18 13

10

94

12-14 86

24 20

96

9-11 91

13

6-8

86

100 100

80 80

91

+8 +5 +5

00 Illiterate Illiterate

Literateoror Middle Literate Middle primaryschool school completed completed primary completed completed

Secondary Secondary andabove above and

â&#x2013; 2005

4

June 20, 2017

â&#x2013; 2012

60 60

40 40

20 20

00

20 20

40 40

60 60

80 80

100 100

Haryana

Health and Education Public school enrollment in Haryana is lower than the national average Enrollment in public educational institutes, 2012 (%) 100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0% TR BH AR AS OD WB CG JH MZ SK HP MP GJ

■ All education levels

JK UK AI DL KA MG TN RJ MH HR AP UP NL

● Elementary

● Secondary and above

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

Increase in public school enrollment for lower income groups in Haryana after 2005 Enrollment in public educational institutes, 2012 (%) 100

80

74

78 66

60

56 49

60

49 42

40

34

36 28

24

20

0 All

Quintile 1

Quintile 2

■ 2005

5

June 20, 2017

Quintile 3

■ 2012

Quintile 4

Quintile 5

PJ MN KL GA

Haryana

Health and Education Learning outcomes of Haryana’s children among the highest in the country Children in Std V who can read Std II level text*, 2014 (%) 80

75

70

67

60 50 39

40 33

34

42

43

46

47

NL

SK AR UP TR

GJ

44

45

52

52

52

53

54

56

58

67

67

68

60

47

47

47

48

48

RJ

TN KA

AI

BH OD MZ CG WB MH AP MG UK KL MN PJ

34

30 20 10 0 AS MP JH

JK

Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.

Learning outcomes have increased in Haryana after 2012 Children in Std V who can read Std II level text*, (%) 100

80

60

40

20

■ Haryana

■ All India

0 2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

*Data on learning outcomes available for rural areas only.

6

June 20, 2017

2012

2013

2014

HR HP

Technical Appendix

INDICATORS Demographics

DATA SOURCE

REMARKS

Population

Population Census, Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India

Urban Share

Population Census, Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India

Child Sex Ratio

Population Census, Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India

• Defined as the number of girls per 1,000 boys in the 0-6 age group.

Adults

Employment and unemployment surveys conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

• Individuals of age 15 years and above are classified as ‘adults’.

• The NSSO conducts employment and unemployment surveys once every 5 years. The most recent survey data is available for the year 2011-12.

Working age population not in school

Employment and unemployment surveys conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

• Individuals of age 15 years and above that are currently not attending any educational institutes

Poor

Poverty lines based on the ‘Tendulkar’ poverty lines published by the former Planning Commission of India

• Households whose monthly per capita consumption expenditure is below the poverty line are classified as ‘poor’.

• Poverty rate is the proportion of population that is counted as poor.

• The number of poor is calculated by applying poverty rates, estimated using NSS data, to population estimates.

Population for 1994 has been estimated by interpolating the 1991 and 2001 census population to January 1st of 1994. Similarly, population for 2005 has been estimated by interpolating 2001 and 2011 census population to January 1st of 2005. Population for 2012 has been estimated by extrapolating 2011 census population to January 1st 2012.

Census data have been interpolated/ extrapolated to noncensus years using the Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR).

• The NSSO conducts consumption expenditure surveys once every 5 years. The most recent survey data is available for the year 2011-12.

• The population census is conducted once every 10 years.

The most recent population census data available is for the year 2011.

Poverty Poverty rate

Consumption expenditure surveys conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

Inequality Gini coefficient

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May 20, 2016

Consumption expenditure surveys conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

• The Gini coefficient measures the extent to which the distribution of consumption expenditure among households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution.

• Gini coefficient of 0 represents perfect equality, 1 implies perfect inequality.

• Gini coefficient is estimated using survey data on monthly per capita consumption expenditure. Expenditure is adjusted for price differences between rural and urban areas within a state using the Tendulkar poverty lines.

Technical Appendix

INDICATORS Welfare distribution

DATA SOURCE

REMARKS

Consumption expenditure quintiles

Consumption expenditure surveys conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

• Survey data on household consumption is used to estimate consumption expenditure quintiles within each state in India. Expenditure is adjusted for price differences between rural and urban areas within a state using the Tendulkar poverty lines.

Wealth Index quintiles

National Family Health Survey, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

• Survey data on asset ownership is used to construct a ‘wealth index’ which forms the basis for estimating wealth quintiles within each state in India.

Real GDP/GSDP growth rate

Central Statistical Office (CSO)

Real GDP/GSDP per capita

Population Census, Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India

• 2014 All-India estimate of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) corresponds to the 2011-12 base year (new series). All other All-India GDP and state GSDP estimates correspond to 2004-05 base year and 2004-05 prices (old series).

• All estimates of GDP/GSDP are as of March 31st of the corresponding financial year. For e.g. the Real GSDP for the financial year 1993-94 is as on 31st March 1994.

• Population for the years 1994 to 2011 has been estimated by interpolating census population to March 31st of the corresponding year. For example, population for 2005 has been estimated by interpolating 2001 and 2011 census population to March 31st of 2005. Population for 2012 has been estimated by extrapolating 2011 census population to March 31st 2012. Census data have been interpolated/ extrapolated to non-census years using the Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR).

• Growth rate of GSDP/ GDP across any two consecutive years is the simple growth rate. Growth rate over multiple years is the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR).

• Composition of 3 main sectors of the economy (i) Agriculture/Farm - Agriculture, forestry and fishing (ii) Industry - Mining, manufacturing, utilities, construction (iii) Services – Trade, transport, storage, communication, financial services, real estate, professional services • Components of GSDP growth rate represent the contribution of a sector to overall GSDP growth rate. This is estimated by the ratio of increase in value added in a sector to increase in overall value added and multiplying the ratio with the GSDP growth rate.

Income & Growth

Components of GSDP growth rate

Fiscal

2

Debt

Controller General of Accounts (CGA)

Fiscal Deficit

Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

May 20, 2016

• Debt is the government’s outstanding liabilities.

• Fiscal deficit is the difference between the total revenue and total expenditure of the government in the financial year.

• Both are expressed as a ratio of the nominal GDP/ GSDP (market prices).

Technical Appendix

INDICATORS

DATA SOURCE

REMARKS

Jobs Labor force participation rate

Employment and unemployment surveys conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

• Adult individuals are classified as part of the labor force if they are working (i.e. engaged in economic activity) or if they have been seeking work or have been available for work for a minimum of 6 months during the 365 days preceding the date of survey. This is otherwise known as the “usual status” definition of the labor force.

Workers/Employed/Number of jobs

Population Census, Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India

• Members of the labor force are classified as ‘workers’ if they are working (i.e. engaged in economic activity) for a minimum of 30 days during the 365 days preceding the date of survey. This is otherwise known as the “usual status” definition of the work force.

• The number of jobs/workers is arrived at by applying worker participation rates to population estimates. The ‘number of jobs’ estimate corresponds to the ‘number of workers’. • Population for 1994 and 2005 has been estimated by interpolating census population to January 1st of the corresponding year. Population for 2012 has been estimated by extrapolating 2011 census population to January 1st 2012. Census data have been interpolated/ extrapolated to non-census years using the Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR).

• Job growth over a certain period is the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR).

• Classification of workers by sector (i) Agriculture/Farm - Agriculture, forestry and fishing (ii) Industry - Mining, manufacturing, utilities, construction (iii) Services – Trade, transport, storage, communication, financial services, real estate, professional services • Classification of workers by wage-type (i) Self-employed – Own account workers, employers and unpaid family workers (ii) Salaried –workers with regular salary (iii) Casual wage – workers with causal wages • The categories - ‘farm all’, ‘non-farm self’, ‘non-farm salaried’, ‘non-farm casual’ are a combination of the sector of work and the type of wage earned.

• A further disaggregated classification of workers by sector FARM – Agriculture/ farming CONS – Construction THR – Trade, hotels and restaurants MANU – Manufacturing PUB - Community, social and personal services TRAN - Transport, storage and communication FIRB - Financing, insurance, real estate and business services MINE+UTIL – Mining & quarrying + Utilities • Classification of workers by wage-type (i) Self-employed – Own account workers, employers and unpaid family workers (ii) Salaried –workers with regular salary (iii) Casual wage – workers with causal wages • The categories - ‘farm all’, ‘non-farm self’, ‘non-farm salaried’, ‘non-farm casual’ are a combination of the sector of work and the type of wage earned.

Job growth Workers by sector/wage-type

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May 20, 2016

Technical Appendix

INDICATORS

DATA SOURCE

REMARKS

Education Literacy Education attainment

Enrollment Public educational institutes

Learning: Children in Std V who can read Std II level text*, 2014 (%)

4

May 20, 2016

Employment and unemployment surveys conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

• ‘Literate’ – includes those who have received both formal and informal schooling.

• Education levels explained (i) ‘Illiterate’ – individuals who are not literate. (ii) ‘Literate or primary school completed’ – includes individuals who have completed primary school as well as those are literate but have not completed primary school. (iii) ‘Middle completed’ – individuals who have completed middle school. (iv) ‘Secondary and above’ – individuals who have completed secondary schooling or any level higher. Includes individuals who have completed higher secondary, diploma or certificate course or a graduate, postgraduate or higher degree.

Employment and unemployment surveys conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

• Includes all those currently attending formal primary schooling and above.

• Public educational institutes include those that are run by the state/ central governments or by local bodies. This excludes any kind of privately owned and run institutes including private aided institutes.

Annual Status of Education Report (ASER), Trends over time 2006-2014, ASER Centre/ Pratham

• Data available for rural areas only

Technical Appendix

INDICATORS

DATA SOURCE

REMARKS

Health Maternal mortality ratio

Sample Registration System, Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India

• Maternal mortality ratio is derived as the proportion of maternal deaths per 1,00,000 live births reported.

• Data for 3 years is pooled to enhance sample size and yield more reliable estimates.

• For states split after the year 2000, i.e. Bihar and Jharkhand; Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand; Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, MMR is estimated jointly.

Infant mortality rate

Sample Registration System, Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India

• Infant mortality rate is the number of infant deaths (children aged 1 year or less) per 1,000 live births.

Malnutrition: Stunting

National Family Health Survey (NFHS), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

• ‘Stunting’ defined as percentage of children below age 5 who are short for their age.

• Data for 2006 is from the NFHS and for 2014 is from the RSOC. Though both provide stunting estimates for children below age 5 the numbers for 2006 and 2014 may not be strictly comparable due to differences in survey methodology.

Rapid Survey on Children (RSOC), Ministry of Women and Child Development

Infrastructure & Amenities Electrification

Consumption expenditure surveys conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

• ‘Electrification’ defined as the proportion of households using electricity as primary source of energy for lighting.

Road density

Basic Roads Statistics, Transport Research Wing, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways

• Road density has been defined as road length per million people and road length per 1,000 sq. km.

• Road length estimates correspond to ‘total road length’ data published in the Basic Roads Statistics report.

• Population for 2005 has been estimated by interpolating 2001 and 2011 census population to January 1st of 2005.

Population for 2012 has been estimated by extrapolating 2011 census population to January 1st 2012. Census data have been interpolated/ extrapolated to non-census years using the Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR).

• Land area estimates have been taken from the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.

Drinking water on premises

Survey of drinking water, sanitation, hygiene and housing condition conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

• The most recent survey data is available for the year 2012.

Open defecation Access to latrine

5

May 20, 2016

Technical Appendix

LABEL Data labels

29 STATES AND ALL INDIA

LABEL

SOCIAL GROUP

ST SC OBC General

‘scheduled tribe’ ‘scheduled caste’ ‘other backward class’ ‘others’

(7 ‘low income states’ highlighted)

AI AP AR AS BH CG DL GA GJ HP HR JH JK KA KL MG MH MN MP MZ NL OD PJ RJ SK TN TR UK UP WB

All India Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Delhi Goa Gujarat Himachal Pradesh Haryana Jharkhand Jammu & Kashmir Karnataka Kerala Meghalaya Maharashtra Manipur Madhya Pradesh Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttarakhand Uttar Pradesh West Bengal

Adjustments for split states In the year 2000, 3 large states namely, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh were each split to form two states each.

Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Uttarakhand were the 3 new states created. The NSSO survey data allows us to separately estimate variables for ‘split’ states, enabling us to construct a consistent and comparable series of variables for the pre-split and post-split period.

A consistent and comparable series for population and growth data is not available. Specifically - 1991 population census data for ‘split’ states is not available and GSDP series for ‘split’ states is only available for years after 2000. In order to create a consistent population series, the 1991 population estimates for the parent state have been divided in a way that mirrors the relative shares of the new states’ population in the parent state population in 2001.

In order to create a consistent GSDP series, pre-2000 GSDP figures for the parent state have been divided in a way that preserves the relative shares of the new ‘ GSDP in the parent state GSDP for a ten year period after the year 2000.

In the year 2014, the state of Telangana was carved out of Andhra Pradesh (AP), with the remaining portion of AP retaining the name of the parent state. Separate estimates for Telangana have not been published in the States Briefs. All state-level estimates for Andhra Pradesh correspond to AP and Telangana combined.

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May 20, 2016