TABLE A.9 Details of Education Level Data Used for Standardized Analysis, by Case Country Education level
Grades (range)
Years of education (range)
Years of education
Approx. ages (years)
Bangladesh
Cambodia
Egypt, Arab Rep.
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Turkey
Vietnam
n.a.
n.a.
Omit
n.a.
Do not know (code 98)
Do not know (code 98), Other (code 21)
Missing values (none for 2009–15)
n.a.
Missing values (minimal)
n.a.
Missing values (minimal; 0.1% in 2015)
No formal education completed or less than primary
None– Grade 4
0–5
0
0–10
No class passed (codes 00 and 99), Class 1, 2, 3, 4
No class completed (code 0), preschool or nursery, primary classes 1–5
None, illiterate, read only, read and write, literacy classes or certificate, never attended school
No formal education or currently not enrolled, nursery, KG
No schooling
Less than six years; Literate but not completed any education
Never attended school, not completed primary
Completed primary (and < lower secondary completed)
Grades 5–7
6–8
5
11–13
PSC, Class 6, 7
Completed primary (year 6), Completed years 7–8 (6)
Primary (6)
Primary (8)
Passed Grade 0–4 or Years 1–5
Primary
Primary
Completed lower secondary or middle school (and < upper secondary completed)
Grades 8–11
9–11
9
14–17
JSC, Class 9, 10 (10)
Completed years 9–11, Lower ed. certificate or diploma, Tech. or voc. presecondary diploma or certificate
Preparatory
Middle, Matric (final exams 9th or 10th grade) (both 10)
Passed Grade 5–7 or Years 6–8 (8), Passed 9.5 (11)
Secondary
Lower secondary, primary vocational training
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Data, Methodology, and Supplementary Tables l
Do not know, missing values, and “other” group (converted to missing values)
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