Industrialization in Sub-Saharan Africa

Page 93

Drivers of Manufacturing Job Growth   65

References Abreha, K., P. Jones, E. Lartey, T. Mengistae, and A. Zeufack. 2019. “Manufacturing Job Growth in Africa: What Is Driving It? The Cases of Côte d’Ivoire and Ethiopia.” World Bank, Washington, DC. Acemoglu, D., U. Ackicit, H. Alp, N. Bloom, and W. Kerr. 2018. “Innovation, Reallocation and Growth.” American Economic Review 188 (11): 3450–91. Adelino, M., S. Ma, and D. Robinson. 2014. “Firm Age, Investment Opportunities and Job Creation.” NBER Working Paper 19845, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA. Alvarez, F., F. Buera, and R. Lucas Jr. 2013. “Ideas, Economic Growth and Trade.” NBER Working Paper 19667, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA. Audretsch, D., E. Santarelli, and M. Vivarelli. 1999. “Startup Size and Industrial Dynamics: Some Evidence from Italian Manufacturing.” International Journal of Industrial Organization 17: 965–83. Barseghyan, J., and R. DiCecio. 2011. “Entry Costs, Industry Structure and CrossCountry Income and TFP Differences.” Journal of Economic Theory 146 (5): 1828–51. Bertrand, M., and F. Kramarz. 2002. “Does Entry Regulation Hinder Job Creation? Evidence from the French Retail Industry.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 67: 1369–413. Buera, F., J. Kaboski, and Y. Shin. 2011. “Finance and Development: A Tale of Two Sectors.” American Economic Review 101 (5): 1964–2002. Cunat, A., and M. Melitz. 2011.“Volatility, Labor Market Flexibility, and the Pattern of Comparative Advantage.” Journal of the European Economic Association 10 (2): 225–54. Decker, R., J. Haltiwanger, R. Jarmin, and J. Miranda. 2014. “The Role of Entrepreneurship in US Job Creation and Economic Dynamism.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 28 (3): 3–24. Diao, X., M. Ellis, M. McMillan, and D. Rodrik. 2021. “Africa’s Manufacturing Puzzle: Evidence from Tanzanian and Ethiopian Firms.” NBER Working Paper 28344, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA. Dunne, P., and A. Hughes. 1994. “Age, Size, Growth and Survival: UK Companies in the 1980s.” Journal of Industrial Economics 42 (2): 115–40. Eaton, J., and S. Kortum. 2002. “Technology, Geography, and Trade.” Econometrica 70 (5): 1741–79. Evans, D. 1987. “Tests of Alternative Theories of Firm Growth.” Journal of Political Economy 95: 657–74. Hall, B. 1987. “The Relationship between Firm Size and Firm Growth in the US Manufacturing Sectors.” Journal of Industrial Economics 35 (4): 583–606. Haltiwanger, J., R. Jarmin, and J. Miranda. 2013. “Who Creates Jobs? Small versus Large versus Young.” Review of Economics and Statistics 95 (2): 347–61.


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References

7min
pages 199-203

Notes

1min
page 198

6.7 Policy Framework: Integrate, Compete, Upgrade, and Enable

2min
page 197

Policy in Ethiopia

2min
page 194

Policy Framework: Integrate, Compete, Upgrade, and Enable

1min
page 196

6.2 Women in Manufacturing Jobs: The Role of Industrial Policy

4min
pages 191-192

Education and Skills Enhancement

3min
pages 189-190

Competition Policy

4min
pages 187-188

Infrastructure Development

1min
page 185

Opportunity Act, Everything But Arms, and the Generalized System of Preferences

2min
page 177

Trade Policy

1min
page 176

Sub-Saharan Africa and Benchmark Countries

1min
page 163

Industry Employment Shares

3min
pages 169-170

Current Trends in Job Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa across GVCs

2min
page 152

Annex 4A Gravity Model of Global Value Chain Participation

3min
pages 142-143

Role of Industrial Upgrading in Jobs Growth in Manufacturing in Sub-Saharan Africa

6min
pages 160-162

Countries, 2014

3min
pages 153-154

4.2 COVID-19 and Potential Disruptions to Global Value Chains

2min
page 141

Conclusion and Policy Options

3min
pages 139-140

Neighbor South Africa

1min
page 138

Africa Sold as Intermediate Inputs, 2015

1min
page 135

Evolution of Sourcing Patterns for Intermediate Inputs among Manufacturing Firms

1min
page 130

Resource Endowment and Participation in Manufacturing GVCs

6min
pages 123-127

4.1 Country Groups and Comparators

2min
page 122

Global Value Chains: Definition and Measures

2min
page 118

Metals Exporters

3min
pages 128-129

References

9min
pages 112-117

Notes

3min
pages 110-111

Annex 3A Productivity Growth Decomposition

3min
pages 108-109

Physical Infrastructure and Productivity

2min
page 105

Conclusion and Policy Options

3min
pages 106-107

Market Structure, Entry Regulation, and Productivity

2min
page 104

Sources of Productivity Growth: Within-Firm Productivity Growth, Innovation, and Technology Adoption

8min
pages 100-103

Notes

4min
pages 91-92

Sources of Productivity Growth: Interindustry and Intraindustry Resource Reallocation

5min
pages 97-99

References

4min
pages 93-95

Jobs Growth at the Intensive Margin with Productivity as the Driver

1min
page 96

Conclusion and Policy Options

2min
page 90

Underlying Factors and Policy Interventions

5min
pages 87-89

The Case of Ethiopia

5min
pages 78-81

Sustainable Growth and Structural Transformation in Africa

2min
page 52

References

2min
pages 68-70

Note

1min
page 67

1 Establishment Age Effects on Job Growth across Size Groups

2min
page 30

The Future of Industrialization in Africa

4min
pages 60-61

A Policy Framework for Industrializing along Global Value Chains: Integrate, Compete, Upgrade, Enable

6min
pages 44-46

Key Messages

2min
page 31

Rethinking Industrial Policy for Africa

4min
pages 62-63
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