viii
Contents
3.6 3.7 4.1
Safety Nets, by Objective Objectives of Africa’s Public Works Programs Coverage of Transfer Programs Relative to Poverty Lines in Zambia B4.3.1 Concentration Curves B4.3.2 Concentration Indexes 5.1 Safety Net Spending Trends in Selected Countries, 2005–2011 A.1 Social Safety Nets in Development Policy C.1 Poverty Headcount at US$1.25 per Day Purchasing Power Parity Poverty Headcount at US$2 per Day Purchasing Power Parity C.2
56 72 83 98 99 119 145 153 154
Map ES.1
The 22 Countries Covered in This Review
4
Tables 1.1 2.1 3.1 3.2
Country Typology Used in This Review 23 Poverty Covariates 36 Types of Safety Net Programs in 22 Countries 52 Core Features of Public Works Programs, Selected Countries and Programs 62 4.1 Coverage of Safety Net Programs, Selected Countries and Programs 81 4.2 Generosity of Cash Transfer Programs in Selected Countries, Excluding Social Pensions 88 4.3 Generosity of Noncontributory Social Pensions in Selected Countries 91 4.4 Frequency of Targeting Methods 94 B4.2.1 Results of Targeting Methods Simulation 97 Cost and Financing of Safety Nets 117 5.1 5.2 Percentage of Social Safety Net Spending, by Program Type, 120 Selected Countries B.1 Countries Classified by Income Level 148 B.2 Country Typology Based on Their Crisis Preparedness and 149 Safety Net Capacity B.3 Country Typology Based on the Extent of Development of 150 the Safety Net System B.4 Country Typology Used in This Review 150
Reducing Poverty and Investing in People • http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0094-8