South Side Integration Plan- Vania Djunaidi, Stella Felicia Sinaga, Billy Indiarto & Takuya Katsu by Vania Djunaidi

Southside Integration Plan Transforming Dandenong South into an Inclusive Industrial Area Vania Djunaidi, Stella Felicia Sinaga, Billy Indiarto & Takuya Katsu

Acknowledgement of Country We acknowledge and recognise the Traditional Owners of country throughout Victoria and their ongoing connection to this land and water. We pay our respect to indigenous elders, past and present as they are the original carers and keepers of the sacred environmental knowledge of this land.

Executive Summary This document provides a contextual analysis and profiling of the Dandenong South Industrial Precinct, presenting the challenges and opportunities in creating a more inclusive space for the diverse labourforce. Dandenong South is part of the South SSIP and the Dandenong NEIC. It is made up of mostly industrial land and conducts economic activity that is significant to all levels of government. Although the South SSIP is one of the largest employment centres in Victoria, it is close to exhausting all its vacant industrial land, with no future supply proposed. As land costs and rent increase, industries must adapt to remain competitive, yet more agile controls need to be considered to protect and upskill the current labourforce as the precinct shifts towards a knowledge-intensive economy. Acknowledging that workers are the building blocks of the economy helped develop the inclusionary lens that framed this study. Current policies favour large infrastructure projects to improve economic productivity, and disregards the potential gains from investing in smaller projects such as the provision of amenity spaces that may be more beneficial. In fact, a bias for amenities exists as worded in policy (Objective 8 in LPP 21,043). The right to amenities is assigned in the planning scheme to residents, and excludes workers from this entitlement. This report focuses on changing the paradigm of industrial workers by recognising their disadvantage, recommending placebased objectives that are sensitive to the needs of, and issues faced by workers. This can be accomplished by: 1. Improving workforce development 2. Addressing vulnerabilities in access and amenities. Each of the objectives includes strategies that cater towards a specific vulnerability or opportunity. Together, the strategies will lead towards building a more inclusive workplace that is accessible and amenity-focused, incentivising community building, opportunities for education, collaboration and entrepreneurship. There is an opportunity for Dandenong South to be a place that is beyond an industrial workplace, a third place between work and home for workers to connect and enjoy.

Figure 0. Diagram of the inclusionary framework with proposal

Contents Dandenong South: Inclusivity

1. Dandenong South as an Industrial Precinct

1.1 Dandenong South: a snapshot 1.2 History of Dandenong South 1.3 Study Area 1.4 Planning & Policy Context

2. Issues identified in Dandenong South 2.1 Economic & Social Inclusion: Skills Mismatch in Dandenong South 2.2 Spatial Inclusion: Poor accessibility in Dandenong South 2.3 Spatial Inclusion: Environmental Vulnerability in Dandenong South

3. Principles, Objectives & Strategies Strategic Proposal Map

4. Objective 1: Improving Workforce Development Strategy 1.1: Activate old building stock as affordable maker space Strategy 1.2: Introduce a multi-functional community building on vacant lots

5. Objective 2: Addressing access and environmental vulnerability Strategy 2.1: Create walkable networks to key destinations and ensure a well-serviced public transport system Strategy 2.2: Reuse of excess & unused space for greening and amenities

6. Implementation Plan 6.1 Overview of Implementation Plan 6.1.1 Stakeholder Analysis 6.1.2 Community Engagement 6.1.3 Planning Schemes 6.2 Implementation Table

05 06 07 09

14 15 17 20

24 25

28 29 31

36 37 41

46 47 48 49 50 51

7. Conclusion

References

Dandenong South: Inclusivity Framing Dandenong South within a social, spatial, economic inclusive framework "a high number of migrants (almost 50 per cent) who qualified for residency under the Skilled Migrant visa are underemployed due to pressing needs to access income to meet basic needs and limited opportunities to develop professional networks and create a local professional employment history."

An inclusivity framework has been used to framed these issues: • Economic & Social inclusion: lowattainment workers stay at low wage jobs in the changing knowledge economy, while ethnically diverse workers who have higher qualifications are employed in low skilled jobs including manufacturing. This issue of skills mismatch disadvantages workers, with lower income and financial barriers to access everyday needs. • Spatial inclusion: due to high impervious surface, lack of tree cover and poor transport services and frequencies, workers are vulnerable to urban heat and financial pressures of car ownership. In addition, underutilised spaces such as parking lots and the Eumemmerring Creek hinder its opportunities to become a social space.

Rascon, 2008, p.63 - Developing Policy & Planning for Multicultural Community (2018).

Dandenong South is an industrial precinct steeped in manufacturing and wholesale trade. Due to the low-skilled nature of both industries, it provides a variety of employment opportunities for those with low educational attainment or are ethnically diverse, reflective of the diversity in the local government area.

This shows that existing policy revolves largely around the economic output of the area rather than its workers, their skills and the quality of their workplace.

However, there are economic, social and spatial issues that have emerged in Dandenong South.

Dandenong South as an Industrial Precinct Significance of Dandenong South Industrial Precinct, Study Site & Planning and Policy Context Dandenong South is a State-Significant Industrial Precinct in Melbourne, and the greatest contributor of jobs and industrial land for the Southern Region. As stated in Plan Melbourne, Dandenong South is also part of the Dandenong National Employment and Innovation Cluster. As a municipality, the City of Greater Dandenong claims the third rank in Australia for industrial jobs. This reveals that Dandenong South is a significant employment contributor to all levels of government.

1.1 Dandenong South: a snapshot Manufacturing, Wholesale Trade, Transport, Postal and Warehousing

322,116 People were born overseas in 2016 with 19.4% of them

arriving within the last 5 years

make up the 3 largest industries

No Educational Attainment (LQ)*

14.6% of Greater

Melbourne’s labour force work are in the South East (SA4). In 2016,

1.37

2.55

3.69

SA4 Dandenong Greater DZN Melbourne

there were 48,883 jobs in Dandenong

11.7% Employment Growth of people

$49b GRP of the

Southern Region

employed in Dandenong South from 2011 to 2016

Manufacturing, wholesale trade and transport and warehousing are the top three industries in Dandenong South. As one of only two industrial areas in metropolitan Melbourne with Industrial 2 zoning, Dandenong South provides essential services for Melbourne that is reflected in Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services being the fourth largest industry.

South. Its ample employment opportunities are open to those who are at different cultural, socio-economic spectrums. As most manufacturing jobs are low skilled, the majority of workers in Dandenong South are not highly educated. As such, almost half of the workforce have only attained up to year 10 qualification. In addition, Dandenong South is a culturally diverse industrial area, with almost 330 000 workers who are born overseas.

Dandenong South provides significant employment opportunities in Melbourne, with almost 50,000 jobs in Dandenong

Data from ABS 2016 and Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning (2020) Melbourne Industrial and Commercial Land Use Plan. Part B: Regional Summaries and Directions. Retrieved from https://www.planning.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0024/461724/MICLUPFINAL-20042020-WEB-Part-B.pdf

1.2 History of Dandenong South The industrial and pastoral land located in the southern portion is of state significance and outlined in Plan Melbourne as a National Employment and Innovation Cluster (NEIC). During the 1800s, the lands surrounding Dandenong were primarily utilised as farming and grazing uses. It was not until Australia’s post-war economic boom in the 1950s that Dandenong’s wide expanse of flat land attracted large-scale manufacturing, most notably large companies such as Heinz, International Harvester, & General Motors Holden (Alves, 2008; Victorian Places, 2015a; Victorian Places, 2015b). The post-war period of 1945 to 1970s has seen an influx of migrants from Europe, Africa, and Asia entering Victoria. Most of them are then channeled into Victoria’s manufacturing sector. This led to a concentration of manufacturing workers from ethnic or minority backgrounds. The General Motors Holden site in Dandenong relied heavily on migrant labour (Johnston, Rood, Martin, Young, & Briggs, 2011)

Figure 1. From top to bottom: General Holden Motors (1964) ; General Holden Motors (undated); Heinz (1964). Images from Victorian Places (2015).

1.3 Study Area Dandenong South is approximately 31km south east from Melbourne CBD. The study area is located in the South of Dandenong South, with Hammond Road at its centre and Dandenong Valley Highway to its east. It is bounded by Quality Drive to its North and Bangholme Road to its south. Immediate south east to the study site is the Eumemmerring Creek. The study area was chosen as it consists of three Destination Zones* (DZN), representing 11.6% of the total workforce for Dandenong South. One of the DZNs in particular, accounts for the highest number of workers in the whole precinct. Furthermore, the study site is composed of a diverse range of manufacturing and wholesale industries. Therefore, the study site is a well representation and sample of Dandenong South’s economic activity and working conditions that can be used as a testing site for the proposed strategies.

Figure 2. Site observations (top: LOGIS eco park; bottom: Australian Butchers Store).

*defined as the smallest spatial unit for Place of Work data.

Diverse mix of businesses within the industrial area Percentage of Businesses

As is the social composition, the businesses that reside within the study area are equally diverse, although still dominated by manufacturing uses. The study area is composed of a multitude of different business types, from food retail, manufacturing, to creative industries. The identification of businesses within the study area was conducted through indirect methods such as Google Maps due to the limitations brought upon by the COVID 19 pandemic. Currently, the businesses identified within the study area sit at 175 individual entries, and then classified into simplified identifying classes.

30 25 20 15 10 5 0

It is shown that the majority of properties within the study area are used for warehousing purposes, followed by industry support services, and then manufacturing uses.

Percentages Construction Services

Creative Industry

Food Industry

Food Retail

Heavy Equipment Services

Industry Support Services

Manufacturing

Other Retailers & Functions

Vacant & Unknown Activity

Warehouse Intensive

Figure 3. Manufacturing is one of the highest percentages in the study area.

Business Inventory Map

1.4 Planning & Policy Context In contrast, Industrial Two Zone (IN2Z), promotes ‘manufacturing and storage facilities that require a substantial threshold distance within the core of the zone’ (City of Greater Dandenong, 2021). The main purpose of the zone is to be kept free of other manufacturing industries that can be located elsewhere. In other words, it is maintained for heavy manufacturing use.

Historically, Dandenong South has been used for farming and agricultural activities. The post-war economic boom in manufacturing transformed Dandenong South into an industrial area. As evident in the 1954 through to 1985 zoning maps of Dandenong South, industrial zones continued to expand, replacing its rural use. Existing Zoning Conditions

Industrial Three Zone allows limited retail opportunities and acts as a buffer between Industrial 1 Zone or Industrial 2 Zone and local communities (City of Greater Dandenong, 2021). This will allow industries and its associated uses to be accessed by nearby communities.

Dandenong South is predominantly an industrial 1 zone (INZ1) with Industrial 2 Zone (1NZ2) in its centre and Industrial 3 Zone on its periphery. Surrounding zones include green wedge zones, for farming and agriculture use as well as general residential and residential growth zones. Commercial zones are concentrated in Dandenong Central and to its east bounded by Dandenong HIghway Valley and BraesideDandenong Road,

Except for IN1Z, informal outdoor recreation is allowed without permit. Crop raising, home based businesses and convenience shops are allowed on all of the zones without permit. On all of the zones, education centres (except primary and secondary schools), office, leisure and recreation are allowed with permits. Place of assembly is only permitted in Industrial One and Three Zones, while accommodation and intensive farming are prohibited on all the zones.

The purpose of Industrial One Zone (IN1Z) is to ‘provide for manufacturing industry, the storage and distribution of goods and associated uses in a manner which does not affect the safety and amenity of local communities’ (Greater Dandenong Planning Scheme).

1954

1968

1985

Figure 4. The red circle shows the expansion of Industrial Zones from 1954 - 1985.

Yarraman

Dandenong

Bypass

Danden

ong Valle

Hallam

Eastlink

Hammo

nd Road

y Highwa y

Dandenong

Lynbrook

Zoning Map

1:50,000 at A4

Legend General Residential Zone

Industrial One Zone

Parks and Recreation Zone

Public Use: Services & Utilities

Road Category 1 Zone

Residential Growth Zone

Industrial Two Zone

Public Use Zone: Education

Commercial 1 Zone

Public Transport Zone

Neighbourhood Residential Zone

Industrial Three Zone

Public Use Zone: Health & Community

Commercial 2 Zone

SSIP Boundary

Low Residenial Zone

Mixed Use Zone

Public Use Zone: Local Government

Comprehensive Development Zone

Study Site

Green Wedge Zone

Urban Floodway Zone

Public Use: Cemetry

Special Use Zone

Train Station

Southern Precinct

State

Significance

Industrial

development. It details responses that are sensitive to the municipality, suburbs, population, topography, infrastructure, industry and hazards.

Dandenong South is in the Southern State Significance Industrial Precinct (SSIP), Melbourne’s third largest SSIP. Therefore, the precinct will be protected from incompatible land uses to allow for future growth and ensure sufficient availability of land for heavy industries and major industrial development (City of Greater Dandenong, 2021)

Greater Dandenong Open Space Strategy 2020-2030 This Open Space Strategy outlines the current distribution of public open space in Greater Dandenong, as well as going down to analyse the conditions in each suburb. This strategy was adopted by the council in August 2020.

The study site is within a key industrial and commercial area, the Hammond Road Precinct. It is centrally located in the Southern SSIP and contains one of the two Industrial Two Zones in Melbourne. The surrounding area consists of lighter industrial zones that act as a buffer.

City of Greater Dandenong Greening Our City Urban Tree Strategy 2018-2028 The Urban Tree Strategy describes the current environment and tree conditions within Greater Dandenong. It also sets out a vision on the objectives it hopes to achieve by 2028.

Existing Strategic plans, community plans and economic plans Strategic Plans: Greater Dandenong Council Plan 2017-2021

The council plan sits under the Imagine 2030 Community Plan to set the strategic direction for council, outlining key objectives for the 4 years and the resources required to achieve them. Greater Dandenong Housing Strategy 2014-2024 This council document is a policy framework and provides direction to plan for a sustainable supply of housing to meet current and future demands. It represents Council’s response to housing issues, and a key implementation of establishing a Housing Development Fund to finance the implementation of the strategy. Environment and resilience: Greater Dandenong Municipal Emergency Management Plan 2021 This council plan details the course of action in an emergency within its boundaries and involves multiple stakeholders in its

Figure 4. Council Plan and Green Strategies of Greater Dandenong.

Community Plans & Advocacy:

South East Economic Corridor: 2020-2060 (VPA - 2020) This document outlines the spatial framework for employment precincts and activity centres of South East Melbourne. The document anticipates that the Southern SSIP will agglomerate with knowledge intensive industries and become a high amenity technology precinct by 2060.

Greater Dandenong City Council - Key Advocacy Issues: 2017 This document provides a summary of the key issues and opportunities advocated by the City of Greater Dandenong. The document reveals the council’s advocacy within the manufacturing sector including manufacturing connectivity development for workers to access information on assistance programs, research development and training.

The strategies outlined above provide context on the relevant conditions within Greater Dandenong and in some cases, Dandenong South specifically. In addition, several strategies have already processed raw data into condensed targeted information which can be leveraged into the forming of ideas and concepts regarding increasing inclusivity within the study area.

Greater Dandenong Community and Wellbeing Community Plan 2017-2021 The Community and Wellbeing Community Plan prioritises the wellbeing and health of Greater Dandenong’s residents. Its priorities are appropriate community infrastructure and transport, opportunities for learning and employment, bringing awareness of physical and mental health and improving levels of social cohesion. Economic Profile: Melbourne Industrial and Commercial Land Use Plan 2020 (Victoria Government - DEWLP) This state-level document land use plan focuses on major industrial and commercial land including the Southern State Significant Industrial Precinct. The document recognises that the Southern SSIP is one of the third largest industrial precincts in Melbourne and its need for new industrial areas as the area will offer little for further expansion. Addressing Disadvantage in Southern Melbourne: Towards Outcome (Regional Development Australia - 2017) This 2017 document was prepared as a submission to the state government on how Regional Development Australia, a federal government agency, could add value to current projects and address disadvantages in the region. It uses stakeholder insights along with ABS data to suggests responses and recommendations

Figure 5. Community Wellbeing Plan by Greater Dandenong and Economic Strategy for the South East Economic Corridor.

Issues identified in Dandenong South 2.1 Economic & Social Inclusion: Skills Mismatch 2.2 Spatial Inclusion: Accessibility and Environment There are three main issues explored in Dandenong South: 1. Skills mismatch between jobs and qualifications 2. Poor public transport amenities, services and frequencies 3. Environmental issues including urban heat and lack of green amenities

2.1 Skills Mismatch in Dandenong South Economic & social inclusion: Disadvantaged workers In 2016, almost two thirds of residents in Greater Dandenong spoke a language other than English at home, and this was also evident for the labour force in Dandenong South. Even though English speakers number the most, there are much higher densities of other languages being spoken by the workers. Almost half of this culturally diverse labor force only have a Year 10 qualification at best, which corresponds with the indicative skill level of an AQF Certificate II or III (ANZSCO Skill Level 4) that is required for many occupations. This alludes to a rather inclusive employment area until we compare the other end of the qualification scale.

9 in 10 of all Bachelor

Degree holders in the Melbourne - South East work elsewhere

7% of workers in 3 largest industries (manufacturing, whole sale trade and transport) have a university degree

Even though Dandenong South has a much lower concentration of bachelor degree holders or higher when compared to Melbourne and the South East region, many of these higher skilled workers are not being utilized in knowledge-intensive jobs. Within the top 3 industries, more than 7% of workers in jobs classed as Technicians and Trades Workers, Labourers, and Machinery Operators and Drivers, have attained a bachelor degree and higher (Fig. 6).

“187” Postgraduates work as a technician

and trades worker, labourer, machinery operator and driver

Zooming out at the SA4 statistical level, the skill mismatch continues, while also showing a bias towards workers who speak other languages at home. Among all the occupations (at 2-digit OCCP) for Melbourne - South East, workers speaking Southern Asian Languages at home, who have attained a post graduate diploma and higher, account for 8.95% of Road and Rail Drivers (Fig.7).

Southern Asian Language is spoken the most at home by overqualified workers in Melbourne - South East

Data from ABS Census 2016

Figure 6. shows Machinery Operators and Drivers and Labourers with postgraduate qualifications. (Data from ABS Census 2016) .

Figure 7. shows the languages spoken by Machinery Operators and Drivers and Labourers with postgraduate qualifications. (Data from ABS Census 2016) .

2.2 Poor accessibility in Dandenong South Spatial Inclusion: Worker's vulnerability Dandenong South is one of the most popular commuter destinations in Greater Melbourne. The Employment Resident Ratio (ERR) showed that there are two commuters per employed resident, second only to Melbourne CBD with the figure of almost nine. Dodson et al. (2020) made a similar finding with Dandenong South being the second most popular working destination for workers potentially occupying a pressured position in the housing market after Melbourne CBD.

South had poor to below-average public transportation services. Travel and Survey data in 2018 (VISTA Data) exhibited that 96% of the journey to work to Greater Dandenong was performed by car while less than 3% used public transportation. Employment Resident Ratio (ERR)

It appears that having a car is required to access job opportunities in Dandenong South. A study of Spatial Network Analysis for Multimodal Urban Transport System (SNAMUTS) in 2016 indicated Dandenong

Dandenong South

2.14

Central City

8.72

(Melbourne CBD, Southbank, Docklands)

Figure 8. Public Transportation Services Level of Services (SNAMUTS, 2016). 17

Public transport catchment

Built environment, service frequencies & amenities

Train and bus are the main public transportation services used to access the study area. The closest train station is Dandenong station, approximately 6 kilometres away. There are three bus routes: 901, 857, and 890. An analysis of public transportation catchments demonstrates that almost 90% of commercial areas, education facilities, community centres, workplaces and other facilities are still within the catchment area while residential areas are covered at around 55%. This analysis proves that contrary to initial belief, the public transportation catchment area is not as bad. Therefore, other factors may be contributing to the unattractiveness of the services.

There are three possible explanations for public transportation services being unattractive. • the built environment of the industrial area • the frequency of bus services • the availability of footpaths and bus stops amenities. A significant part of this hypothesis was derived from site observations and the figure ground study. The built environment of the industrial area does not provide a convenient environment for walking and transit. Since the site is within an industrial zone, it is uniformly used for workplace and other activities. Bus stops are difficult to reach on foot and only limited street walls are available due to the type and size of road and buildings.

Figure 9. Public Transportation Catchment Analysis. 18

Suburban arterial roads are relatively wide, and the general building height is relatively low. As a result, it is too far apart and too short to generate a feeling of enclosure for pedestrians. The frequency of bus services is relatively low. The 901 route is the only route with four buses per hour out of three. The services provided here do not seem to be tailored to meet the needs of workers, i.e., more frequent services at the beginning and end of working hours. Waiting for a bus without adequate facilities can be a frustrating experience. Apart from the absence of footpaths, bus stops in the area do not have proper shelter or seating. A mapping of bus stops around the study area reveals that out of the 35 bus stops, only seven provide shelter and seating. The facilities are not in the best of conditions and are also unevenly distributed. Most of them (6 out of 7) are located along the 901 routes.

Figure 10. Existing Bus Stop in Dandenong South

Figure 11. Existing Bus Stop and Frequency in Dandenong South. 19

Environmental vulnerability Spatial Inclusion: Worker's vulnerability The City of Greater Dandenong as a whole sits at the bottom 6 of LGAs in terms of tree canopy in Greater Melbourne (Sun et al., 2019). This is likely due to a dominance of industrial and farmland land uses. The prevalence of industrial land uses in particular, results in the lack of permeable surfaces, as well as plenty of hard surfaces that trap heat. The abundance of such surfaces result in a Heat Vulnerability Index (HVI) score of 4-out-of-5 for the study area. However HVI is scored on usual residence data and disregards workers in the same area, which is detrimental and unsuited in a dominantly industrial area like Dandenong South where the resident population only number 160 (ABS quickstats). HVI measures spatial vulnerability towards heat-related illnesses, thus the study area is already particularly vulnerable to the urban heat island effect despite the omission of the large labourforce. Exposure to extreme heat events can result in poor working conditions for the workers in the study area. Physical and mental health illnesses can materialise from constant interaction with urban heat island effect.

Figure 12. Lack of tree cover and high impervious surface in Dandenong South.

In contrast, trees are found to have benefits to any individual who interacts directly or indirectly with them. The temperature reduction due to the presence of canopy trees or even greenery in general (Algretawee et al., 2019; Imran et al., 2019) can drastically reduce heat-related illnesses and deaths (Jacobs et al., 2018). Furthermore, greenery – even just having visuals on trees – has the potential to improve mental health and reduce risks of depression especially in vulnerable groups (Dzhambov et al, 2021; Marselle, 2020).

Figure 13. Drainage Reserve that leads to Eummerring Creek as underutilised green amenity.

Tree Canopy Cover, Public Open Space, and Flood Overlays in the Study Area

Heat Vulnerability Index Map

Principles, Objectives & Strategies Principles: Three principles were derived from the issues identified:

Identify Recognising that the economic lens should be focused on the workforce and taking on their perspective;

Connect Connect stakeholders and workers to improve worker accessibility as a benefit for greater efficiency,

Integrate Integrate economic, social, spatial inclusivity to address the gaps within Dandenong South's diverse workers.

Objectives The principles inform the two proposed objectives: • To improve workforce development • To address accessibility and environmental vulnerabilities in Dandenong South.

Strategies These two objectives have four main strategies that are: 1.1. To activate old building stock as affordable maker-space 1.2. Introduce multi-function community hub 2.1. Create a walkable network and wellserviced public transport system 2.2. To reuse excess or vacant lands such as parking for amenities 24

Strategic Proposal Map Legend Existing Conditions Industrial 1 Zone Industrial 1 Zone Built form Underutilised/ vacant buildings Vacant Lots Take-away diners Bus stops

nd R

Bus routes

Local roads

Hammo

Main roads

1 Strategy 2.2: Reuse of excess spaces

Proposal directions Green corridor Repurpose parking lots Reutilise old building stock as aﬀordable spaces Repurpose vacant lots for mix-use

Community facility

2 Strategy 1.1: Light and niche manufacturing

Strategy 2.1: Improving bus amenity

Banghol

Drive

Swift W

ong Vall

3 Strategy 2.1: Improving

walkability & green amenities

Danden

Drainage Reserve

ey Highw

Road

Quality

Road

in err

e Eum

re gC

4 Strategy 1.2: Community facility

1:7500 at A3 26

Objective 1: Improving workforce development Strategies: 1.1. Activate old building stock as affordable maker-spaces 1.2 Introduce a multi-function community building on vacant lots The aim of the strategies is to: • Provide training opportunities and social networking • Target firms for entrepreneurship, early school leavers and existing workers who want to upskill, • Encourage partnership between education agencies (including Chiolsholm TAFE), local government and manufacturing firms. • Provide affordable manufacturing space for small and mediumsized manufacturers

1.1 Activate old building stock as affordable maker space A study of Swift Way's businesses reveal that some of its existing buildings are underutilised. Those buildings can be activated for small to medium niche manufacturers for prototyping activities. This opportunity can acocmodate and prepare emerging workers who have a wide range of skills for entrepreneurship.

CASE STUDY: San Francisco (SF) PlaceMade

Proposal Figure 14 presents the distribution of potential buildings that can be activated. The implementation plan of this action is through a partnership between governments and the private sector to lease potential spaces collaboratively. This would be an excellent opportunity for manufacturers with limited financial capacity and those wanting to employ residents in the area with a wide range of skills to rent these spaces. Private sector could benefit from a share of rent payment and income gained from the flexibility of usages that are allowed as a substitute for the provision of affordable spaces. As part of the government program, further funding and partnership assistance may be possible. Using the Community Investment Fund as an example, the government could assist in the establishment of a mechanism to assist with the activation and operation of space.

San Francisco (SF) PlaceMade maker space provided the inspiration,inviting manufacturing businesses that had the potential to hire locals and disadvantaged communities. The SF government built a partnership with PlaceMade, a notfor-profit real estate developer, to provide affordable maker spaces in the “Inclusionary Production, Distribution, and Repair Use (PDR)” area. Under this mechanism, 150 Hooper was built allowing some uses that were previously prohibited in the PDR zone, such as office and commercial development. As a substitute, at least a third of the site must be dedicated to light industrial uses and it must be leased below market rate in the long term. The PlaceMade SF case study shows that zoning intervention is crucial, and it becomes a gate for opportunities. However, more active interventions are required to implement the idea of bringing affordable manufacturing spaces. PlaceMade had opportunities to get income from non-industrial uses from the easing of zoning restrictions. Aside from that, PlaceMade obtained funding from the San Francisco Community Investment Fund. 29

Planning Implications during the lease period. For example, the government announced a program titled “Awakening Niche Manufacturing” in which they collaborated with a private sector to lease a parcel of land for 10 years. During this period, the private sector is permitted to use the space for commercial purposes or other reasonable uses that were previously restricted by the standard zoning code, provided that they also make available space for small or local manufacturing businesses.

Currently, the area is within Industrial Zone 1 (IN1Z), where limited non-industrial activities are permitted. Considering that the area is a State Significant Industrial Precinct (SSIP), the government can be an initiator and provide support for the implementation. It may be possible to introduce temporary planning controls that can be applied to parcels leased by governments in partnership with the private sector. The temporary planning controls specify permitted land uses that are different from IN1Z, which will be in effect

Existing Underutilsed Buildings Map

Old building stock at Dandenong South

Figure 14. Underutilised buildings are mapped in orange 30

1.2 Introduce a multi-function community building on vacant lots Introducing a new multi-function community building is the second key action to improve workforce development in Dandenong South. The community building will co-locate on-site training, general education including numeracy and literacy, community and light industrial use.

CASE STUDY: Carolina

BioNetwork,

North

The multi-function community building aims to open opportunities for early school leavers and for workers who have either low-educational attainment or are underemployed due to skills mismatch between qualifications and job. Therefore the building will allow workers to build their social and progressional network, upskill and progress in their career that can lead them to receive higher wages. In addition, workers are equipped to transition and continue to be employable within the knowledge-economy.

North Carolina’s BioNetwork is a workforce development program that is formed through the partnership of North Carolina government, community college and manufacturing firms. The aim of the program is to continue to increase productivity of manufacturing firms in the knowledge economy. This is achieved through: • On-site training for low-skilled workers that do not have high educational attainment to upskill. • Allowing employers to co-design training programs and curriculum to tap into what skills are needed • Limited enrollment requirements and the relaxation of hiring protocols.

Proposal The testing site of the multifunctional community building is at a vacant lot at Nicholas Drive (Fig. 17) that is adjacent to the Drainage Reserve and is connected to the Eumemmerring Creek. The multifunction community building will introduce a new built-form typology that encourages a medium density development that encourages mix uses to allow for firms and workers to agglomerate. The building will have three main functions: Light industrial use: The ground floor of the community building will be used for light industrial and manufacturing use that will allow workers to receive sectoral-focused training from either firms or manufacturing-specific education agencies. This space can be 31

used for emerging manufacturing firms and workers to experiment and test their products.

soft skills, confidence and allow higher chances of employability. The building will ensure that it is coupled with well-designed green amenities and outdoor recreation area that can host community, networking events or where workers can gather in their lunch breaks.

Community Use: The upper levels of the building will consist of community spaces that will allow for social events or activities for workers and firms to network. This will allow workers to develop their professional network, while also allowing firms to tap into the labor pool of Dandenong South. Community spaces can also cater for business meetings for surrounding firms.

In addition, the building will be equipped with mobility amenities such as bike parking and Electric Vehicle charging supplied by solar power for future electric freight vehicles.

Education Use: The upper levels will also consist of education spaces where workers can receive general training including numeracy and literacy skills. This is where educational agencies such as Chilsholm TAFE, English as a second language (ESL) courses and adult learning centres can take place. By providing general courses, workers are able to build on their

Figure 15. Testing site: vacant lot at Nicholas Drive

Figure 16. Programmatic diagram of proposed multifunction community building 32

Planning Implications State Planning Policy

Zones

The proposal seeks to align with the State Planning Policy, supporting the growth of the State-Significant Industrial Precinct of Dandenong South.

Currently, the zoning of the proposal is Industrial One Zone. Its purpose is to provide manufacturing industry, the storage and distribution of goods. In this zone, warehouse use and informal outdoor recreation is allowed without a permit. As the multifunction community building is used as an education space , a permit is required.

Economic Development (Clause 17) Particularly to the Economic Development Clause 17.01 2S - Innovation and Research, the proposal supports the provision of infrastructure that helps people to be innovative and creative while learning new skills and entrepreneurship.

The mix-use nature of the proposal provides an opportunity to create a new mix-use zone that couples industrial and education use. This is to a similar nature to the Commercial 3 Zone, but with a purpose in colocating educational training with light industrial use.

The proposal also seeks to improve access to community-based information and training through community learning centres. Local Planning Policy Framework

Overlays: Flood Overlay & Special building overlay

Social issues including high youth unemployment in Dandenong South is recognised, revealing the relationship between education and employment. This calls for the need for improved employment and educational opportunities tailored to accommodate the abilities of the local residents. The proposal seeks to support this, where the multi functional community building provides training and educational support for early school leavers or workers who want to upskill.

Currently, the site is affected by two overlays: Special Building Overlay (SBO) and Land to Subject Inundation (LSIO). Both overlays are challenges to the proposal due to its potential flooding risks, and the impact of building to stormwater and drainage water. The proposal needs to project water quality and waterways as natural resources.

Figure 17. Massing of multi-functional community building at Nicholas Drive 33

Objective 2: Addressing vulnerabilities and accessibility Strategies: 2.1. Create walkable network to key destinations and ensure a well-serviced public transport system 2.2. Reuse of excess & unused space for greening and amenities The aim of the strategies is to: • Incentivise a move away from private vehicle usage • Mitigate the effects of urban heat island in the study area • Incentivise pedestrian movement and their protection • Provide an outdoor space for workers’ amenities

2.1. Create a walkable network to key destinations and ensure a well-serviced public transport system The issue of spatial vulnerabilities identified that public transportation services are considered as unattractive. While current services are available in almost all workplaces in the study area, the frequency is relatively low with inadequate amenities, and the built environment aspect does not appear to support them. Due to this circumstance, it is difficult for disadvantaged workforce to obtain better employment opportunities as cars are the most convenient method of transportation to access the area. However, owning a vehicle could lead to increased financial strain due to the cost of gas and other car maintenance. The negative externalities of continuing this pattern of car dependency are not limited to hindering the accessibility to employment for those with disadvantages. In a broader context, it will affect both the physical and mental health of workers as well as environmental sustainability.

CASE STUDY: TransLink Flagstone, Queensland

Shelter,

Flagstone, Queensland, provides an example of a basic bus stop. The shelter consists of a place to sit, protection from bad weather, and proper signage. It is supported by a properly maintained footpath located alongside a nature strip. CASE STUDY: Oak Cliff, Dallas, TX

Strategies will consist of establishing proper bus stops and a network of footpaths with increased tree coverage. Footpaths will connect transit stops, workplaces, places to socialise, training facilities, and other destinations. In addition to increasing the accessibility of public transportation, an integrated footpath network with tree canopy cover would make the area more active and vibrant due to the stimulating effects it has on human activity on the ground.

The city of Oak Cliff in Dallas, Texas, has planted trees in specific locations where they can provide the most benefits. Tree planting locations include vulnerable communities, as well as paths or routes that are frequented by pedestrians, such as routes to schools or workplaces.

Proposal: Improve Bus Amenity This action proposes that all bus stops in the study area have basic and proper amenities that will make the transit experience more pleasant. Those amenities at least include a place to sit, protection from bad weather, useful information, and clear signage to assure transit users that they are waiting at the right place to get to their destinations. A bus stop in Hammond Road, close to some buildings that can be activated, is chosen to be a testing site. It is situated in proximity to Swift Way where there are other interventions that can be integrated together as well as destinations other than workplaces.

wide range of stakeholders in the public and private sectors.

In addition to improving the amenities at transit stops, several other measures could be taken to facilitate workers’ access and mobility. This includes advocating for frequent bus services at peak hours, an employee-only transport system and introducing micro mobility to facilitate worker’s movement in the study area. Implementation of these actions will require collaboration and partnership among a

Figure 18. Testing site: Bus stop at Hammond Road

Figure 19. Bus stop amenities improvement plan.

Proposal: Improve pedestrian activity Walking is an imperative part of the transit experience. Therefore, it is an inseparable action to improve public transportation's attractiveness. It is necessary to build a network of footpaths connecting transit stops, workplaces, and places where workers can spend their lunch and break times and have social interactions.

of a proper footpath as part of long term implementations. Trees will be planted on specific stretches along Hammond Rd.,Nicholas Dr., and where workers work and go to lunch on Swift Way. An increase in tree coverage will provide shade, a cooling effect, and fresh air to make walking more pleasant and enjoyable. In a broader context, trees can minimise Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect in the area that is currently identified as having high vulnerability (4 out of 5). Trees that increase thermal comfort can help reduce heat-related illnesses as well as providing physical and mental health benefits for local workers who interact directly or indirectly with them.

This initiative will be initially tested through the implementation of tactical road allocations along Nicholas Drive. Nicolas Drive is a local road where the implementation of a future manufacturing space, community hub and training centre will be located. It also connects the study area with the Eumemmerring Creek, where workers can spend their lunch and break time. With this intervention, the road will have some spaces allocated to dedicated cycling and pedestrian uses, while a new speed limit of 30km/hr will be implemented to reduce traffic speed. The painted roads, which serves as a pilot, aims to prioritise pedestrians and advocate for more pedestrian amenity. This provides an opportunity for the transition

Figure 20. Testing site: Swift Way

Figure 21. Short-term activation: painted roads with increased trees and new speed limit on Swift Way

Planning Implications The policy frameworks for both state and local governments explicitly encourage the development of sustainable transportation systems that provide access to social and economic opportunities while also contributing to the sustainability of the environment. According to the zoning code, the area falls within Industrial Zone 1 (IN1Z) with a Road Zone Category 2 (RDZ2) encompassing the Hammond Road corridor.

In addition to limited space, numerous underground utilities lie along the nature strips that would make concrete footpaths not a viable option. Thus an unsealed footpath will be more suited to the conditions of the site. As with the pedestrian paths, the limited amount of space and the underground utilities will limit where trees can be planted. While the pilot study will only be limited to Swift Way, there are opportunities to expand the greening to other streets as well as on reclaimed parking spaces. Funding will be required not only for the initial plantings, but also for maintenance and protection of the trees, as it is likely that it will take years or decades for the trees to grow and provide benefits to the surrounding area.

Other planning implications to consider for the action: • The area is within Industrial 1 Zone (IN1Z) • Road Zone Category 2 (RDZ2) encompassing the Hammond Road corridor • Land Subject to Inundation Overlay (LSIO) One of the major challenges in implementing the initiative to improve bus and pedestrian amenities is that there is not enough space to build proper footpaths and plant more trees. The built form control (clause 22.034) requires at least three meters of nature strips along the frontage and one and 1.8 meters along the sides, while the average width of current nature strips is four to five meters.

The following challenges may also arise in implementing the action described above: • The property owners in the area of future greening and pedestrianisation may be reluctant to support the initiative unless the incentives prove beneficial to them • A road allocation action might be resisted by business owners since it may hamper the movement of large vehicles.

Figure 22. Long-term proposal: inclusion of tree canopy and unsealed pedestrian path on Swift Way. 40

2.2. Reuse of excess & unused space for greening and amenities Amenity spaces are few and far in between in Dandenong South, with almost all of the study area having no access to an open space if Eumemmerring Creek is not considered. Furthermore, there are few options for workers to take a break or have their meals outdoors currently. Exacerbating the structurally cold and uninviting industrial space, which in turn affect the workers physical and mental wellbeing.

CASE STUDY: North Brooklyn Industry & Innovation Plan

As the supply of vacant land in Dandenong is about to be exhausted, and no future supply forecasted, there will be competing interest for what is left. The strategy focuses on activating existing unused spaces, in particular excess car parking lots, to create spaces for workers to relax and enjoy. Aerial observations (Figure 24) revealed numerous empty parking spaces, which businesses often utilised as temporary storage for goods and rubbish. Evidence of the excess parking requirements imposed on the land use that hasn’t quite kept up with innovation and modern industry practices. However, it is from this outdated requirement that provides the source for building new amenity spaces at a smaller scale.

The Floor Area Ration (FAR) used in the North Brooklyn Industry and Innovation Plan is the principal regulation for controlling building size. Adapting this for rightsizing car parking to the maximum floor area as a means of value capture, to then include amenity space, will provide landlords with the opportunity to renew or modify their existing property.

The provision of car parking leads to higher car use (Russo, Ommeren et al. 2019), therefore reducing the existing stock of excess parking may also encourage greater ridership on public transport.

Figure 23. Existing parking as empty spaces (highlighted in red) at Swift Way.

Proposal Identifying potential sites for activation should be based on the following questions: • Is the space a private and secluded space or can it be shared among businesses? • Are there adequate employees to use the space if it is not a shared space? • Is the space easily accessible if it is shared?

can also be made to form partnerships for reusing or recycling parklets created during the pandemic. The objective of the space is to provide amenity for workers, yet it may be possible that workers will not fully utilise the space. Therefore it is necessary to consider other methods of attracting workers such as: • Adding a BBQ grill to the space • Using the space for light recreation i.e. sports • Attending casual meetings, training or mentorship activities

43 Swift Way has been selected as a pilot site. Based on historical street and aerial imagery, less than half of the parking space is regularly used, at times simply a convenient storage space. Implementing this proposal is at best, only complicated by how extravagant the amenity space is designed. Simply adding tables, seating and shade would be an adequate enrichment of the space. Supplementing the space with plants and other forms of greening would enhance its attractiveness. Design guidelines should be developed to be attached into the planning scheme as a schedule, with examples of how shading can be achieved with tree cover or a physical structure. Consideration

Figure 24. Testing site: 43 Swift Way

Figure 25. Proposed amenity space on existing parking lots. 42

Planning Implications A greater issue exists with the vacant land supply that is soon to be exhausted. This will add pressure onto landlords to renew the older buildings with further subdivisions and greater building heights. Even if the industries shift towards more knowledgeintensive technologies, the smaller but more efficiently sized buildings will ensure growth in the workforce. Therefore amenity space will become even more valuable.

The planning scheme allows for the reduction in car parking (including reduce to zero) with a permit application as set out in Clause 52.06. However, providing amenity space for workers is an added cost to the business that may already discourage businesses, therefore a permit application will further disincentivize participation. To exempt businesses from a permit application, a Parking Overlay can be applied to the study area and the exemption specified in the accompanying schedule. Appropriate minimum or maximum parking requirements can be specified, with specific design guidelines around the shading and the structure should also be included. A discount on council rates and/or land tax in proportion to the land used for amenity, should be considered as an incentive to businesses and landlords.

A financial contribution can also be specified in the parking overlay for a responsible authority to collect financial contributions from new developments and extensions. This aligns with Clause 21.07 in the planning scheme which explains the Development Contribution Plan (DCP) as well as a cash-inlieu scheme for the provision of community infrastructure such as open space, and the other preceding interventions.

Figure 26. Existing car park utilised as basketball court.

Implementation Plan The purpose of the implementation plan is to set a framework of actions to achieve the set of objectives and strategies that are guided by the principles of identity, connect and integrate. These actions are prioritised with its timeframe, key stakeholders and responsibilities while emphasising the need for continuous review and evaluation to monitor the long-term impact of the proposal.

Overview of the implementation plan The Implementation Plan consists of different parts that needs to be considered for success of the proposals:

5. Partnership: Explore key partnerships between stakeholders to effectively implement proposals.

Key Stakeholders There are numerous key stakeholders to engage with including government bodies including City of Greater Dandenong, business and manufacturing firms and the workers of Dandenong South. Key stakeholders have been mapped out to analyse their direct or indirect influence and impact.

6. Advocacy: Continue to advocate for improving workers’ workforce development and spatial conditions in Dandenong South. 7. Planning Scheme Context: Review existing planning schemes and amend if needed.

Planning schemes Different levels of planning provisions in the planning schemes of City of Greater Dandenong need to be considered to implement the strategies. This range from state to local planning policies, as well as zoning and overlays provisions.

8. Funding & Budget: Explore funding options to ensure proposals can be achieved financially. 9. Monitoring & maintenance: Continue to review and monitor the implementation process of the proposal to ensure the delivery of key actions.

Themes There are nine overarching themes in the implementation plan:

Action Actions within the Implementation Plan describes the tasks that need to be completed to achieve the design strategies of the proposal.

1. Community Engagement Creating meaningful community engagement is an important step to further understand the identified issues. As Dandenong South is a diverse industrial area, it is particularly important to create an inclusive engagement and to limit barriers for culturally diverse groups to participate in the community engagement process. It will involve engagement between workers, employers, local government and community organisations.

Timeframe A time frame of short (0-2 years), medium (2-4), long (4+ years) are set to prioritise actions needed to ensure the principles and strategies of the proposal are achieved.

2. Pilot Projects: Temporary activations and tests designs for community feedback and input. 3. Research: Investigate land ownership of proposals 4. Design Development: Design and development for construction of proposals.

Stakeholder Analysis As a significant industrial and employment area in a culturally and linguistically diverse population, there are different sectors of key stakeholders that are directly and indirectly interacting with the study area. Meaningful engagement with these stakeholders is imperative to further understand the issues outlined earlier. Implementation of pilot projects and proposals, for short; medium; or long-term, will require interactions and constant communication with relevant stakeholders. Figure 27. Greater Dandenong Council as key stakeholders for implementation of proposals.

It is beneficial to our proposals to have feedback from stakeholders. This will enable the implementation and adaptation of proposals to be suited to the specific conditions and needs of the study area.

Figure 28 . Scatter graph showing the distribution of key stakeholders related to the study area and focus

Community Engagement Community engagement is an important aspect of the implementation plan. Its purpose is to gain qualitative data from the identified stakeholders, further understand identified issues and gain feedback of proposals. The community engagement process will be guided by the IAP2 Public Participation Spectrum to inform, consult, involve and collaborate with key stakeholders to improve on the proposed strategies. The community engagement process should be conducted with the partnership between Greater Dandenong council and cultural or advocacy groups where community groups can act as cultural representatives.

INFORM Provide the public with information

CONSULT Obtain public feedback on decisions, designs & analysis

For an inclusive community engagement process, barriers to engagement need to be identified, specially for culturally and linguistically diverse groups. Barriers include language barriers, limited confidence, limited time and differing values and beliefs.

Increasing Impact on Decision

The engagement process will consists of: 1. Informing: Introducing what the Community Engagement Plan is about. Key messages should be translated to key languages in the area. 2. Consulting: consulting with key stakeholders to identify existing issues from stakeholders through a form of surveys and pop- up engagement events. 3. Involve: involve stakeholders through small focus groups to seek feedback on proposed strategies.

INVOLVE Work directly with the public to ensure public concerns are understood

COLLABORATE Partner with the public in decisions

4. Collaborate: Collaborating with key stakeholders to share ideas and opportunities on how strategies can be improved and is appropriate to the stakeholder’s needs.

Figure 29. IAP2 Public Participation Specturm. Information retrieved from IAP2 (2021)

Planning Schemes The Greater Dandenong Planning Scheme guides land use and development within the municipality. There are a number of crossovers between each strategy when considering the implications and barriers with existing policy. Therefore a more effective route to implementation would be the application of the Design and Development Overlay (DDO) over the study area, and specifications for all the strategies included in a schedule. The exception to this overlay is the Road Zones which would require a separate partnership with the Department of Transport.

Figure 30. Vacant lot at Dandenong South

Figure 31. Planning scheme context for all strategies - a new Design & Development Overlay in Dandenong South will be introduced to implement the strategies.

Implementation Table Themes Community engagement

Strategies 1.1: Activating old building stock for affordable maker space 1.2 Introduce a multi-function community building on vacant lots 2.1. Create walkable network to key destinations and ensure a well-serviced public transport system 2.2. Reuse of excess & unused space for greening and amenities

Pilot Projects

1.1: Activating old building stock for affordable maker space

Actions (planning & ad

Forming a community engagem the project

• Seeking feedback of propose and involving & collaborating stakeholders to share ideas opportunities on how strateg be improved and is appropri stakeholder’s needs. • This is achieved through wor up events and focus groups.

Identify potential buildings for a the owners of those buildings

Testing site on Hammond Rd, cl bus stop

2.1. Create walkable network to key destinations and ensure a well-serviced public transport system

Painted Shared Roads on Swift W

2.2: Reuse of excess & unused space for greening and amenities

Identify suitable spaces for activ prioritising those that can be sh neighbouring businesses

Clear space, install pop up furni shade

Research

1.2 Introduce a multi-function community building on vacant lots

Investigate land acquisition opti lots: short term lease or land ow

Zoning and overlays provisions

dvocacy)

ment plan for

ed strategies g with and gies can iate to the

rkshops, pop.

activation and

Industrial 1 Zone

lose to current • Industrial 1 Zone • Road Zone Category 2

Way

vation, hared among

iture and

ions of vacant wnership

• Industrial 1 Zone

• Industrial 1 Zone • Clause 52.06 Parking Requirements • Clause 45.09 Parking Overlay • Industrial 1 Zone • Clause 52.06 Parking Requirements • Clause 45.09 Parking Overlay • No permit required if a structure meets design guideline NA

Stakeholder

Timeline (Short, Medium, Long)

• City of Greater Dandenong • Educational agencies such as Chilsholm TAFE • Business Owners : small medium manufacturers • Workers of Dandenong South • Department of Land, Environment, Water and Planning (DWELP) • Department of Transport (DOT) • Property Owners

Short

• • • • • • •

Short

• • • • • • • •

The State Government Greater Dandenong Council Business Employers The State Government Greater Dandenong Council Business Employers Small and medium-sized manufacturers Greater Dandenong Council Business Owners Swift Way Users Department of Transport Workers of Dandenong South Business Owners Landlors Greater Dandenong Council

Long/continuous

Short

• Business Owners Short • Landlors • Other business and councils who may have parklets that can be recycled • Greater Dandenong South Council

• City of Greater Dandenong • Business Owners • Property Owners

Short

Themes Design & Development

Strategies 1.1: Activating old building stock for affordable maker space

Extend testing sites to other pot buildings

1.2 Introduce a multi-function community building on vacant lots

Design Development of multifun community building Construction of multifunction co building

2.1 Create walkable network to key destinations and ensure a well-serviced public transport system

Improve current bus amenities

2.2. Reuse of excess & unused space for greening and amenities

Partnerships

1.1: Activating old building stock for affordable maker space 1.2 Introduce a multi-function community building on vacant lots

Advocacy

Actions (planning & ad

Provide unsealed pedestrian ne priority given to area close to pu stop and key destinations (comm training center, other place to so Create design guidelines and be guide so that no permit will be r development meets design guid

Encourage the participation of p enterprises in bringing small an manufacturers to do business in Forming partnerships between government, educational agenc business owners to collaborate of community building and how beneficial for workers Forming partnerships with prop for vacant lots acquisition

2.1. Create walkable network to key destinations and ensure a well-serviced public transport system

Negotiate and work with proper along potential pedestrian netw their front yards for footpaths

1.1: Activating old building stock for affordable maker space

Advocate for continuous entrep and upskilling for existing worke

1.2 Introduce a multi-function community building on vacant lots

Advocate for the manufacturing early school leavers

Zoning and overlays provisions

dvocacy)

Stakeholder

Timeline (Short, Medium, Long)

tential

Industrial 1 Zone

• The State Government • Greater Dandenong Council • Business Employers

Medium - Long

nction

• Industrial 1 Zone • Special Building Overlay • Land subject to Inundation Overlay

• • • •

City of Greater Dandenong Business Owners Workers of Dandenong South Department of Land, Environment, Water and Planning (DWELP) • Chosen architects / engineers

Short - Medium

• Industrial 1 Zone • Road Zone 2 • Landscaping design standard

• • • •

Short

• Schedule to 52.06 Parking Requirements or 45.09 Parking Overlay NA

• Workers of Dandenong South • Business Owners • Greater Dandenong Council

Short

• • • • •

Medium

ommunity

etwork, with ublic transit munity hub, ocialise) est practice required if the delines.

private nd medium n the area local cies and on the use w it can be

•

perty owners

• • • •

rty owners works to utilise

• Industrial 1 Zone • Road Zone 2 • Built form control (Clause 22.03) NA

• • •

preneurship ers.

g industry for

Department of Transport Greater Dandenong Council VicRoads Business and Property owners

The State Government Greater Dandenong Council Business Employers City of Greater Dandenong Educational agencies such as Chilsholm TAFE Business Owners : small medium manufacturers The State Government Property owners City of Greater Dandenong Business Owners : small medium manufacturers Department of Transport Greater Dandenong Council Property owners

• Greater Dandenong Council • Business Owners : small medium manufacturers • Education agencies e.g. Chisholm TAFE

Medium

Long

Themes Advocacy (cont.)

Strategies 2.1. Create walkable network to key destinations and ensure a well-serviced public transport system

2.2. Reuse of excess & unused space for greening and amenities

Planning Scheme Context

All strategies

Funding and budget

All strategies

Actions (planning & adv

Advocate for a more frequent bu at the start and end of working h

Advocate for facilities that promo mobility (i.e. bicycles, e-scooters, etc) in industrial areas to suppor mobility within the industrial are includes allocating road space fo movement of bicycles and e-scoo providing ride sharing infrastruct charging and storage Advocate for employers to provid options for employees. Further in required for parking cash-in-lieu employer sponsored shuttle bus mobility infrastructure

Review existing planning scheme

Prepare Planning scheme amend affected schemes if needed, inclu • opportunity to increase a new fosters a mix community and use (similar to Commercial 3 • opportunity to introduce a De Development Overlay for Dan South Investigate the most appropriate funding through grant programs state or federal funding avenues Prepare a budget and expenditu to prioritise which actions need t implemented within the annual b

Zoning and overlays provisions

vocacy)

ust schedule hours

ote micro , mopeds, rt worker’s ea. This or the safe oters and ture for

de transport nvestigation program, s or micro-

• Industrial 1 Zone • Clause 52.06 Parking Requirements • Clause 45.09 Parking Overlay • No permit required if a structure meets design guidelines NA

dments on uding: w zoning that d industrial Zone) esign and ndenong

e way of s or other s. ure schedule to be budget.

Stakeholder • • • •

Property owners Workers of Dandenong South Greater Dandenong Council Department of Transport

Timeline (Short, Medium, Long) Long

• Greater Dandenong Council • DWELP

Medium - Long

• Greater Dandenong Council • DWELP

Short

Short- Medium

Conclusion This document has identified the disadvantages workers face in Dandenong South, but in doing so, also provides a source of human capital that is required by businesses as the precinct continues to grow. By addressing the vulnerabilities in accessibility and amenity, it can also potentially boost productivity that will further strengthen the economy. Lastly, despite the lack of vacant land to build amenities, spaces can be produced from existing car parks. Dandenong South can leverage its significance to all levels of government to seek contribution and funding for the actions recommended. However, the recommendations are very dependent on stakeholder engagement with businesses and landlords. Another limitation to this project is the lack of qualitative data from the stakeholders itself. It is a fallacy to design interventions without engaging those who are the primary beneficiaries of it. Yet it is imperative that this study continues and the pilot projects trialed, as there is an opportunity for Dandenong South to be a place that is beyond an industrial workplace, a third place between work and home for workers to connect and enjoy.

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The South Side Integration Plan Billy Indiarto: bind0004@student.monash.edu Stella Felicia Sinaga: ssin0063@student.monash.edu Takuya Katsu: tkat0009@student.monash.edu Vania Djunaidi: vdju0002@student.monash.edu