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Appendix Title of Book Chapter: Chapter 8 - Enhancing Livelihood with Flood-based Agriculture Author & Affiliation: Valerie Tan Qin Rou 1001850343 Abstract: Agriculture is particularly vulnerable to natural calamity as it is, to a great extent, dependent on weather, temperature, habitat and clean water for its ability to grow. One of the biggest natural crises faced in Malaysia is floods which could cause crop damage from swift moving water that thrust the plants over or sweep them away. Plant death from being submerged too long or outbreaks of plant disease could occur post flood. Traditionally, agricultural systems have been classified in two categories, namely rain-fed or irrigated. The largest group of systems is called flood based farming systems (FBFS) that are not rain-fed nor conventional irrigation. FBFS depends on flood events that differ in duration from a short period to months. FBFS usually adjusts to the flood event instead of trying to control it with ways such as diverting or guiding the flow of flood water. With more intense management and multi-functional use, the much higher productivity of FBFS suggests the immense potential for rural growth in the FBFS areas. Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the benefits of flood based farming system (FBFS) and to establish a series of design strategies that utilizes FBFS from existing river and water from flood to enhance agriculture production. The study further rectifies the role of FBFS in ensuring food security at a flood-prone rural site and to promote nature-based agriculture production. Furthermore, the objective of the study is to identify the fundamentals of flood based agriculture systems and management. The operational mechanism and development of FBFS systems was also investigated. After evaluating the design schemes of the FBFS system in a rural flood-prone site, the design framework of an appropriate mechanism of FBFS can be developed. Methods: Qualitative research method is carried out in this study. Literature reviews were conducted and studied thoroughly and previous research papers were evaluated and analyzed. A comparative analysis is also conducted to compare 3 different case studies on categories of flood based farming systems which includes floodplain agriculture, spate irrigation and inundation canals. Lastly, observations are made to develop design strategies of FBFS system in flood-prone areas. Results: FBFS not only represent potential productive systems but they also provide resources to accommodate food security and income generation in rural areas. As discussed in this study, floods bring productive impact for rural communities as they can become the source of a few farming systems. FBFS are for multiple uses which includes techniques such as spate irrigation, flood recession and inundation as well as flood-spreading weirs (FSW). Depending on the nature of the flood use, FBFS can be classified in different categories, namely floodplain agriculture, spate irrigation, inundation canals, fisheries, floodplain ponds and more. Conclusion: This study provides an understanding of how FBFS poses great potential for agricultural development with low inputs and low cost technologies. Currently, FBFS are used to ensure food security. Yet there is potential to direct these systems for commercial agriculture purposes. Diversification strategies have also demonstrated effectiveness in coping capacity and risk management. Floodplain agriculture is proposed for the flood-prone site as it utilizes receding and rising flood water for the benefits of agriculture. Utilization of shallow ground water use through surface wells, manual drilling, economical pumping technologies and groundwater development maps are optimized as probable productive systems. Acknowledgement: This is an original work, and no conflict of interest exists between authors. Recover, Adapt & Subdue ©2021 School of Architecture & Built Environment, UCSI University