WISE CDT Annual Report 2021-22

Foreword: CDT Director

CDT’).

Thankfully, this past year has seen a return to normality for universities following the disruption, delays and uncertainties posed by the Coronavirus pandemic. For WISE CDT students this has meant a welcome return to campus working and a resumption of in-person supervisory meetings, lab work, engagement with research groups and participation in events. It is wonderful to see WISE students presenting at a range of international conferences once more. Others have been able to embark on overseas research visits in order to develop and refine their PhD projects. I am grateful to the organisations and host institutions concerned for facilitating these opportunities, which I believe students have appreciated all the more since the pandemic. Read more on pages 33-37.

Subsequent to our last report, WISE has organised a successful Summer School, which was the CDT’s first in-person event since COVID-19, followed by a well-received transferable skills module, both of which brought the cohorts together to work and socialise. I thank everyone involved with WISE for their unstinting efforts to provide a high-quality CDT experience for our students. Find out more on pages 28-30.

Meanwhile, over the past year many WISE graduates finally had the opportunity to attend their graduation ceremonies, which had been postponed during the pandemic. I am immensely proud of everyone’s successes and it is really rewarding to follow their careers. See pages 16-19 to find out what our graduates are doing now.

While the severest privations of the Coronavirus pandemic have now eased, I do not underestimate the impacts of COVID-19 on our students and on their CDT experience.  I know that the majority had to make significant adaptations to their PhD projects, including changing aspects such as research focus, methodology, case studies or project partners, causing delays and disruptions to their progress. WISE is grateful to UK Research and Innovation (‘UKRI’) for its commitment to supporting postgraduate researchers to complete their doctoral

programmes. I also commend our students for their resilience in persevering with their studies during this challenging period and for the support and encouragement they have provided to each other. Learn more about our current students’ projects on pages 8-15.

Primarily because of the disruption and delays posed by the Coronavirus pandemic, WISE has obtained a 12-month training grant extension, which prolongs our grant to September 2023. While originally WISE expected all cohorts to have completed their PhD projects this year, we now have the equivalent of an entire cohort whose studentships will finish during the 2022-23 academic year. This grant extension comes with no additional funding, but it does allow us to use our existing resources to continue supporting our remaining students to achieve doctoral training outcomes. My grateful thanks go to the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (‘EPSRC’) - and particularly to our EPSRC Portfolio Manager, Dr Maria Calderon Munoz, for her support throughout the request process. I would also like to thank Professor John Banyard and the Advisory Board for their engagement and support to WISE throughout.

Finally, this 2021-22 Annual Report is my final one as CDT Director. I will be on study leave in 2022-23 and, although I will continue my involvement in WISE, Professor Raziyeh Farmani will take over as CDT Director for the remainder of our grant period. Raziyeh has been engaged with WISE since its inception and is a member of the CDT’s Programme Management Group. She is a Professor of Water Engineering at the University of Exeter and has 23 years’ experience as a leading educator and researcher in the water sector.

I trust you will enjoy reading the 2021–22 Annual Report and will find it an interesting and informative review of the year’s activities and achievements.

Professor David Butler FREng FICE FCIWEM Director, EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Water Informatics: Science and Engineering

I am proud to present the eighth Annual Report for the Centre for Doctoral Training in Water Informatics: Science and Engineering (‘WISE

Highlights of the Past Year

PHD AND MPHIL SUCCESSES

We are proud and delighted to report our students’ PhD and MPhil successes. As we go to press, having successfully defended their theses over the past year are:

Learn more about our alumni on pages 16-19. Read our Cohort 4 case studies on Andy, Giulia and Stephanie on pages 6-7.

Dr Andrew Barnes, Bath Aidan Barry, Bath

Dr Sabrina Draude, Exeter

Dr Giulia Giani, Bristol

Dr Simbi Hatchard, Bristol

Dr Mikkel Bue Lykkegaard, Exeter

Dr Nefeli Makrygianni, Cardiff

Dr Stephanie Müller, Cardiff

Dr Laura Ramsamy, Exeter

Dr Charles West, Bristol

FIRST COHORT 5 PHD THESIS PUBLISHED

Congratulations to Dr Mikkel Lykkegaard (Exeter), who is our first Cohort 5 graduate. Mikkel’s PhD thesis is entitled ‘Multilevel Delayed Acceptance MCMC with Applications to Hydrogeological Inverse Problems’. Mikkel was supervised by Professor Tim Dodwell and Dr David Moxey. Read his case study on page 7.

Details of all WISE CDT theses, plus hyperlinks to published theses, can be found on pages 46-49.

EMERGING HYDROLOGY RESEARCHER SHOWCASE

In celebration of COP26’s Youth and Public Empowerment Day, Fathom - a flood risk modelling company born out of the University of Bristol’s Hydrology Group - shone the spotlight on two of the University’s emerging hydrology researchers. One was WISE Cohort 5 student Laura Devitt, whose PhD is on ‘Understanding the Uncertainties in Large Scale Flood Hazard Mapping’ and draws on Fathom’s global flood model. This article followed the publication of Laura’s first paper: ‘Uncertainty in the Extreme Flood Magnitude Estimates of Large-Scale Flood Hazard Models’. Additionally, over the past year Laura and her research have benefited from a short-term project with Met Office partners, which used new UK Climate Projections (‘UKCP’) to look at changes in future river flows in two UK catchments.

WORLD WATER WEEK 2022 TALK SHOW

Bath graduate Dr Olivia Bailey and Cardiff Cohort 2 peer Joseph Shuttleworth both work for Arup. Olivia and Joe featured on a World Water Week 2022 talk show to discuss improving global public health with wastewater-based epidemiology. Olivia and Joe discussed the step-change that wastewater-based epidemiology could offer for enhanced insight and equality in health monitoring, improving public health across the globe. The World Water Week talk show follows on from Arup’s new report, ‘Wastewater for Health’, a guide to implementing wastewater monitoring in low-resource settings. This work was project managed by Olivia, with Joe one of the key contributors.

RESEARCH VISITS AND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES

WISE students have relished the opportunity to pursue research visits with the lifting of COVID-19 travel restrictions. We are immensely grateful to hosting organisations and host supervisors for supporting these visits, which have enabled students to refine their PhD research. Over the past year visits have encompassed the USA, India, Australia, Fiji - and Reading! Find out more on pages 33-37.

Students, graduates and academics have also presented at notable conferences over the past year, both in the UK and overseas. The ability to attend conferences in person offers students valuable opportunities for learning, skills development and networking, which online forums are unable to fully replicate. With Coronavirus impacting on travel throughout 2020-21, some Cohort 5 students only experienced their first international conferences this year. This includes Exeter students Daisy Harley-Nyang, who relished her time at The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry in Denmark, and William Addison-Atkinson, who presented his research in both Romania and Spain. Read all about this year’s key conferences on pages 39-41.

UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM KEYNOTE PRESENTATION

Bristol Co-Investigator Dr Rafael Rosolem gave a keynote presentation at the 2022 United Nations IAEA International Symposium on Managing Land and Water for Climate-Smart Agriculture. Rafael presented ‘Improving Field-Scale Root-Zone Soil Moisture Estimates Worldwide with the Establishment of a Global Cosmic-Ray Soil Moisture Observing System’, highlighting the global COSMOS initiative led by Bristol’s Cabot Institute.

ROYAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING FELLOWSHIP

Advisory Board member Professor Ruth Allen has been elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, the highest honour that can be bestowed on a UK engineer. Ruth has sat on the CDT Advisory Board since its inception and is also a Royal Academy of Engineering Honorary Visiting Professor at the University of Exeter.

RIVER WATER QUALITY RESEARCH FEATURED IN THE GUARDIAN

The Guardian highlighted England’s river water quality in a September 2022 article, which featured an interview with Bristol graduate Dr Barnaby Dobson in relation to his current research at Imperial College London. Barnaby commented on water quality risks and the hot topics of testing, sampling and monitoring. The Guardian article also cited Barney’s new publication, produced as part of the NERC-funded CAMELLIA project and co-authored with Imperial College colleagues, who include WISE External Examiner Dr Ana Mijic.

JBM ACCREDITATION FOR UNIVERSITY OF BATH

In February 2022, the University of Bath received confirmation of its JBM accreditation for the WISE CDT programme. This means the programme is accredited as meeting the requirements for Further Learning for a Chartered Engineer. Find out more about WISE CDT programme accreditations on page 24.

INNOVATE UK KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER PARTNERSHIP AWARD

For over 45 years Innovate UK Knowledge Transfer Partnerships (‘KTPs’) have built long-lasting and mutually beneficial collaborations between education and enterprise. The annual Innovate UK KTP Awards highlight the impact of the programme and recognise the people and partnerships behind the country’s most inspiring and successful KTP projects.

In 2022, WISE CDT graduate Dr Joshua Myrans was nominated as one of three finalists in the Technical Excellence Award category for his collaboration between South West Water and the University of Exeter. And on 12 October we learnt that Josh had won! His pioneering critical work uses AI to detect and code faults in the sewer network, to avoid blockages and pollutions, ultimately contributing to a cleaner and greener world. This KTP project arose from Josh’s PhD research on ‘Automated Analysis of Sewer CCTV Surveys’, which was supervised by Professors Zoran Kapelan and Richard Everson.

Josh commented: “I'm incredibly honoured to have been chosen for the award!... If it wasn't for WISE this wouldn't have been possible.”

GRADUATION CEREMONIES

It has been a privilege to see so many alumni at their 2022 graduation ceremonies. Many graduates had been waiting for over a year for this opportunity, following the postponement of ceremonies due to COVID-19 restrictions. Well done everyone!

Cohort 4-5 Case Studies - Life Post-WISE

DR ANDREW BARNES

UNIVERSITY

OF BATH

Job Title: Senior Machine Learning Engineer

Employer: CGI, UK

What does your job involve?

My role involves the design and development of new cloud-based machine learning pipelines and experiment tracking for data scientists. This encompasses a large amount of collaborative work with cloud architects, data engineers and data scientists across different sectors to suit customer needs.

How has the WISE CDT PhD Programme helped you in your current role?

The WISE CDT PhD Programme allowed me to experience working independently on a large project, which has enabled me to take a leading role in large development projects at work. Alongside this, WISE and the PhD helped me to develop a key set of communication tools, which allows me to both present technical projects to customers and to pitch proposals to the right audience.

Any top tips for our current students?

Doing a PhD is tough but it also comes with loads of opportunities to network, build up your skills and take part in external activities. I would highly recommend that all students get involved in as much as they reasonably can outside of their PhD e.g. going to conferences, teaching, giving presentations.

DR GIULIA GIANI

UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL

Job Title: Catastrophe Research Analyst

Employer: Gallagher Re, UK

What does your job involve?

Catastrophe modelling uses analytical methods to quantify and interpret the risk posed by natural or man-made hazards.

How has the WISE CDT PhD Programme helped you in your current role?

The PhD helped me deepen my technical knowledge and improve my transferable skills. It was a nice community of PhD students and gave lots of opportunities to travel for conferences and research visits. Most importantly, it led me to discover a career path I wasn’t aware of. I believe I would not have got my current job without my PhD.

Any top tips for our current students? Take all the opportunities you are offered!

DR STEPHANIE MÜLLER

CARDIFF UNIVERSITY

Job Title: Research Engineer

Employer: Vattenfall, Sweden

What does your job involve?

In early 2022, I started working for the Research and Development Department of one of Europe’s largest energy companies, Vattenfall, where I joined the Ecohydraulics Team. Through large-scale laboratory and field experiments, we test various upstream and downstream migration measures, directing fish away from turbine facilities. Besides conducting laboratory experiments, I am also involved in hydraulic and ecological modelling to analyse the impact of flow and habitat alterations on fish movement, reproduction and habitat usage, and identify solutions to restore affected rivers. So far, working in R&D has been a great experience due to close work with various Swedish and European universities, as well as the opportunity to see laboratory-tested and modelled ideas being transferred directly into the field.

How has the WISE CDT PhD Programme helped you in your current role?

Being part of the WISE CDT was a great opportunity to train, develop and become part of a UK-wide water research community. This programme particularly helped me by introducing me to a diverse range of water-related topics through the postgraduate school programme, seminars and summer schools, which helped to broaden my views. Moreover, I am grateful for the training opportunities that shaped both my transferable and academic skills.

Any top tips for our current students?

I would recommend making the most of the resources provided through the WISE CDT - attend the workshops, seminars, summer schools, industry days etc. - which are organised just for you to train and share your research. Use your generous research budget to attend conferences and undertake research visits, to allow you to get to know other researchers in your field. And finally, get involved in research communities (e.g. IAHR, EcoNet) to stay informed about the latest research, training, funding and job opportunities.

DR MIKKEL BUE LYKKEGAARD

UNIVERSITY

OF EXETER

Job Title: Data Science Lead

Employer: digiLab, UK

What does your job involve?

I manage a small team of data scientists in a tech start-up company in Exeter. We are developing a software framework and user interface for prediction, forecasting and uncertainty quantification using large-scale models coupled with sensor data. So far, we have been involved in several projects with various utility companies and large engineering consultancies and we are now working on a comprehensive uncertainty quantification framework with the UK Atomic Energy Authority (‘UKAEA’). The company’s core competencies are closely related to the expertise I developed during my PhD, and we also work a 4-day week, which is particularly great!

How has the WISE CDT PhD Programme helped you in your current role?

I want to be part of building new, exciting technologies for the future, and the WISE CDT provided me with a platform to explore that space. For me, doing a PhD through WISE was, in a sense, a haven where I could freely develop and apply new skills. Being part of a close-knit community of fellow PhD students with similar interests has also been an inspiration and a tremendous support.

Any top tips for our current students?

Be like water…! No seriously, I think my life philosophy is “follow the path of least resistance”. What I mean by this is, to get where you really want to go, you have to stay open to the opportunities that life presents you. The path to your own personal paradise is not a straight line.

Our Students

RESEARCH THEME: COASTAL AND MARINE PROCESSES

Benjamin Beylard, Cardiff (Cohort 3)

Project: Morphodynamic Modelling of a Nourished Beach

Supervisors: Prof Shunqi Pan and Prof Roger Falconer

Summary: For several decades now, the socio-economic pressure on coastlines has dramatically accelerated, which in addition to climate change impact, has put an increasing number of people and infrastructure at high risk of coastal flooding. As a potential solution to mitigate this threat, soft engineering methodsparticularly beach nourishment - have become more and more popular. To be fully efficient, this technique has required extensive numerical modelling, however several grey areas remain notably in relation to the mixed-sediment dynamic involved. By presenting and using a processbased hydrodynamic and morphodynamic model - COAST2D – and integrating a novel engineering algorithm for dealing with mixed sediment, this work assesses the evolution of a big-scale beach nourishment scheme under both calm and storm conditions.

Gwyn Hennessey, Bath (Cohort 3)

Project: Beach Erosion and Recovery Supervisors: Dr Chris Blenkinsopp and Dr Nick McCullen

Summary: Due to the ever-increasing pressure on our coastlines from continued development and greater coastal hazard risk, there is a significant need to monitor and understand the coast. Recent years have seen great success in the development of equilibriumtype models which use a simple and efficient method to forecast changing beach width or volume. However, these 1D parameters only provide a basis indicator of beach health and therefore this project uses a new continuous Lidar-based remote monitoring technique to quantify and analyse the erosion/recovery behaviour of a sandy beach, on timescales ranging from minutes to months. This data allows us to investigate the use of higher order moments to provide a more robust quantification of beach health, accounting not only for beach width and volume, but also the distribution of sand volume.

While finishing his PhD thesis Gwyn is working part-time as an Energy Efficiency Consultant for Egni Energy Solutions.

Catherine Leech, Cardiff (Cohort 4)

Project: Hydro-Environmental Characteristics and Modelling of Wake Dynamics of Turbines and Sluices in Lagoons and Barrages

Supervisors: Prof Reza Ahmadian and Prof Roger Falconer

Summary: The UK coast has an abundant tidal resource that could be exploited to help meet our energy needs and decarbonisation targets, but has not yet been deployed due to environmental and financial concerns. This research seeks to answer questions around the hydro-environmental impact of turbines in tidal range structures (TRS), examining the effect on flow velocity and circulation patterns caused by changes in TRS design, specifically TRS shape, bed conditions and turbine spacing.

Catherine has now submitted her PhD thesis and is working as a Research Associate at Cardiff University.

Cristina Coker, Exeter (Cohort 5)

Project: Hazards and Drivers of Coastal Cliff Retreat in England

Supervisors: Prof Akbar Javadi, Dr Steven Palmer and Dr Barend Van Maanen

Summary: Rocky coasts comprise just over 50% of the world’s coastline. The mechanisms and environmental factors driving coastal retreat are still poorly understood. This project explores utilising freely available LiDAR point cloud data along sections of the English coastline to improve estimates of coastal cliff erosion. Additionally, by linking these with known marine and terrestrial drivers, and taking into account future climate projections, this research hopes to provide further insights on susceptibility to coastal cliff retreat in a changing climate.

Oliver Foss, Bath (Cohort 5)

Project: Dynamic Revetments and Composite Beaches – Coastal Protection Inspired by Nature

Supervisors: Dr Chris Blenkinsopp and Prof Jun Zang

Summary: The continual sea-level rise predicted over the next century poses a significant threat to coastal regions. Preserving the coastline will require innovative coastal protection techniques and structures. A potential defence is to introduce dynamic revetments, a gravel berm placed at the high tide berm. This project provides a detailed study into applicability and behaviour of such structures.

Nicolas Hanousek, Cardiff (Cohort 5)

Project: Near and Far-Field Hydro-Environmental Modelling of Marine Renewable Energy Schemes

Supervisors: Prof Reza Ahmadian and Prof Roger Falconer

Summary: To achieve net-zero targets, countries around the world will need to expand both low-carbon electricity generation and increase storage facilities. This research considers the role of tidal range energy at filling these needs, through the development of both design-based and operational optimisation tools with results carried into hydro-environmental modelling.

Ceri Howells, Cardiff (Cohort 5)

Project: Analysis of Near-Surface Bidirectional Ducted Tidal Stream Turbines

Supervisors: Prof Shunqi Pan and Prof Tim O’Doherty

Summary: Over the last three decades, renewable energy generation has seen a drastic increase globally, driven by the demand for action on climate change. Numerous countries have responded by declaring a climate emergency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions by becoming more efficient and swapping to renewable or low carbon energy sources. This switch has seen an increase in potential volatility in the energy sector, with projected increased demand from the uptake of electric vehicles coupled with the reduction in the use of carbon fuels to generate electricity and becoming more reliant on unpredictable, weather dependent renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar. This research seeks to determine the viability of utilising a bi-directional ducted tidal stream turbine, operating in near-surface conditions, to increase the power generated and provide a more predictable and effective device, compared to that of an unducted tidal turbine.

Vivien Maertens, Bath (Cohort 5)

Project: Optimisation of Deep-Water Offshore Wind Systems

Supervisors: Dr Chris Blenkinsopp, Prof Paul Milewski and Prof Jun Zang

Summary: Offshore wind has a huge potential as a viable and competitive source of renewable energy, especially further ashore in deep waters. Hence, research and investment into Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWTs) has increased significantly with an

ambition by the UK government to deliver up to 5 GW of floating wind by 2030. This research therefore focuses on the optimisation of the stability and power production of FOWTs. Specifically, the SPAR buoy floating platform structure is being investigated due to its highest stability in deep waters. The aim of this research is to determine the impact of internal waves, which are common in deep water, on the platform’s resilience and performance of individual FOWTs and their arrays.

Santiago Martelo Lopez, Cardiff (Cohort 5)

Project: Numerical Modelling of Turbulent Interfacial Flows and FluidStructure Interaction

Supervisors: Dr Zhihua Xie and Prof Shunqi Pan

Summary: To develop software tools for modelling forces on submerged structures taking into account free-surface and turbulent effects. A new fluid-structure interaction model based on the ghost cell method was implemented in Hydro3D, a finite difference Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation program written in Fortran. Additional contributions were made in the areas of automated detection of the interface between the immersed solid and fluid, new interpolation and integration schemes, postprocessing with Paraview along with a Finite Element package based on third order polynomial elements to account for the solid deformation. To date the current version of the program has been validated against several benchmarks and is capable of modelling waves breaking against seawalls under real tidal conditions with the actual geometry of coastal defences.

Samuel Rowley, Cardiff (Cohort 5)

Project: Flood Risk Modelling and Management in the Middle Severn Catchment

Supervisors: Prof Shunqi Pan and Dr Zhihua Xie

Summary: The effects of climate change are already evident in both UK and global storms, resulting in catastrophic flooding. Modelling this flooding accurately is key to managing and predicting risks under increasing climate stress. This project seeks to address the effects of extreme flood risk in the River Severn catchment and in particular, the river’s response to unusually large flood events beyond the scope of current predictions.

Our Students

RESEARCH THEME: ENHANCING INFRASTRUCTURE RESILIENCE

Richard Rees, Cardiff (Cohort 3)

Project: Numerical Investigation into the Effect of Dynamic Pore Water Pressure on Slope Stability

Supervisors: Prof Shunqi Pan and Dr Michaela Bray

Richard is finalising his PhD thesis for submission and has recently started working for JBA.

Jack Waterhouse, Bath (Cohort 3)

Project: Assessing Risk to Water Security in Complex Coupled Catchment-Reservoir Systems

Supervisors: Dr Thomas Kjeldsen and Dr Lee Bryant

Summary: Drinking water security in the UK is facing increasing pressure from rising demand, population growth and more frequent periods of drought. Monitoring and regulation of water quality and related internal biogeochemical processes within drinking-water reservoirs is therefore paramount to maintaining security of supply, as well as allowing continued efficient and cost-effective management. This project uses a paired model to provide a comprehensive overview of natural and engineered (i.e. bubble plume mixer) dynamics influencing water quality and ecosystem health in a water-supply reservoir, namely Blagdon Reservoir in Somerset, UK.

Jamie Brown, Bristol (Cohort 4)

Project: Assessing the Combined Effect of CO2-Water Dynamics on Hydrological Processes in Brazil

Supervisors: Dr Rafael Rosolem and Dr Ross Woods

Summary: Vegetation dynamics optimally adapt to given environmental conditions by maximising their net carbon profit. If we model these processes can they help us understand hydrological fluxes across different climates? Furthermore, can this optimality modelling further our understanding of the sensitivity of carbon-water mechanisms in vegetation to changes in CO2? This project looks at using a vegetation optimality model across multiple biomes in Brazil and the extent at which it can answer these questions.

Juliana Marcal, Bath (Cohort 5)

Project: Improving Urban Water Security by Sectorisation of the Urban Area and Decentralisation of Water Infrastructure

Supervisors: Prof Jan Hofman, Dr Junjie Shen and Prof David Butler (University of Exeter)

Industrial Supervisor: Dr Blanca Antizar-Ladislao (Isle Utilities)

Summary: This project investigates downscaling water security assessment to provide detailed information on local challenges and specific needs of neighbourhoods/sectors within the city. The spatial distribution of water security in the urban area can provide a more accurate picture of its diversity. Through understanding of local necessities and identification of areas with specific issues, we can then provide them with decentralised options tailored to the local characteristics and needs, thus improving water security in urban centres.

RESEARCH THEME: FLOOD RISK AND PREVENTION

Joseph Shuttleworth, Cardiff (Cohort 2)

Project: Numerical Modelling of Transcritical Flows: Applied to Short-Steep Catchments

Supervisors: Prof Reza Ahmadian and Prof Roger Falconer

Summary: This projects aims to improve the robustness of flood modelling, by developing a novel one-dimensional numerical model which is capable of modelling a wide variety of environmental conditions, specifically flash floods and steep river catchments.

Joe works for Arup as a Senior Consultant and Engineer.

Laura Devitt, Bristol (Cohort 5)

Project: Understanding the Uncertainties in Large Scale Flood Hazard Mapping

Supervisors: Dr Jeff Neal, Prof Thorsten Wagener (University of Potsdam) and Dr Gemma Coxon

Summary: Flooding affects more people worldwide than any other environmental hazard. Understanding river flood risk is fundamental for impact assessment of future climate and socio-economic change. There are many large uncertainties that are associated with the methods that are used to assess the impacts of flood hazard, and therefore this project aims to develop an understanding of these uncertainties and how they affect risk estimation.

Georgios Sarailidis, Bristol (Cohort 5)

Project: Understanding and Estimating Uncertainty in Global Flood Risk Models

Supervisors: Dr Francesca Pianosi, Professor Thorsten Wagener (University of Potsdam) and Dr Ross Woods

Industrial Supervisor: Prof Rob Lamb (JBA Consulting)

Summary: Flood risk assessment is necessary to better manage the risks associated with flooding. Nowadays, numerous flood risk models are available to simulate flood risk at various domain scales, from catchment to regional or even global scale. This involves a complex modelling chain in which each component contains uncertainties that propagate and contribute to the uncertainty in the model output. However, it is still unclear which particular uncertain input factor control the uncertainty in risk estimations in different places and circumstances. In this project, we study the question of uncertainty quantification and attribution across a large and heterogeneous domain, namely the Rhine River basin, whilst also investigating the effect of methodological choices on the uncertainty and sensitivity analysis experiments set-up. We aim to identify spatial patterns of dominant input uncertainties and analyse whether they can be correlated with physical, socio-economic or other characteristics in the domain. Specifically, we are using the JBA Risk Management flood catastrophe model which is capable of simulating risk at such large scales.

Roberto Quaglia, Bristol (Cohort 5)

Project: Statistical Characterisation of Catchment Rainfall and its Connection to Flood Response

Supervisors: Dr Ross Woods and Prof Dawei Han

Summary: This research focuses on characterising the distribution of several rainfall characteristics that are used to describe storm magnitude and within-storm patterns. The work also aims to define the links between these characteristics and other flood-generating variables. The adopted methodologies will be relevant to flood frequency derivation on ungauged catchments and will improve our understanding of flood generation.

Our Students

RESEARCH THEME: WATER RESOURCES – SUPPLY AND QUALITY

Josie Ashe, Exeter (Cohort 1)

Project: Using Spatially Distributed Networks to Parameterise RealTime Flow and Water Quality Modelling in the South West of England Supervisors: Prof Dragan Savić and Prof Richard Brazier

Summary: This project seeks to improve understanding of how spatially distributed networks can be used to parameterise realtime flow and water quality modelling. As part of this research I work closely with the Mires Project research group at the University of Exeter. This research includes high density hydrological monitoring in upland catchments and aims to improve understanding of the effect of landscape restoration on water storage, water quality and wider ecosystem services.

While completing her PhD thesis Josie is working part-time with the Mires Project research group at the University of Exeter.

Damian Staszek, Exeter (Cohort 2)

Project: An Integrated Approach to Water Resources and Investment Planning for Water Utilities under Uncertainty Supervisors: Prof Dragan Savić and Prof Guangtao Fu Industrial Supervisor: Patric Bulmer (Bristol Water)

Summary: Water companies in England and Wales employ various supply-demand models as decision support tools to identify the optimal combination of the capital investment programs and operational strategies that would be the most costeffective and would provide the level of service required by customers. This research integrates the water resources planning model with an investment model to deliver a single decision support tool aiming to provide optimal or nearoptimal solutions for the supply-demand-balance problem under various sources of uncertainty. This project also investigates the impact of uncertainty and the adopted risk approach on decisionmaking.

Paul Wills, Exeter (Cohort 3)

Project: Realising the Potential of High Resolution Smart Water Meters Utilising IoT and Machine Learning Analytics Supervisors: Prof Fayyaz Memon and Dr Yulei Wu Industrial Supervisor: Paul Merchant (South West Water)

Summary: High resolution smart water meters offer potential valuable insights into how domestic customers utilise water. Methods such as disaggregation and customer behaviour profiling offer an understanding of peak water demand, leakage and water usage patterns in the home. To assist the adoption of these high resolution smart water meters, the barriers of entry must be removed, namely the cost (both initial and running cost), accuracy of the data and the potential services that can be offered to customers. This research evaluates potential methods for overcoming these barriers, through the use of the Internet of Things and machine learning; reducing costs, generating revenue and increasing accuracy.

David Birt, Bath (Cohort 4)

Project: Drinking Water Reservoir Resiliency in a Changing Climate Supervisors: Prof Jun Zang, Dr Lee Bryant, Dr Danielle Wain (7 Lakes Alliance/Colby College) and Dr Rupert Perkins

Summary: Reservoirs are important to water infrastructure but face stratification during the summer, negatively affecting water quality. There is uncertainty surrounding how these challenges will evolve in future climates as atmospheric heating increases. Using a variety of models, this project seeks to explore how reservoir physics will change, how artificial destratification devices will perform and to investigate methods for reservoir managers to plan for these future challenges.

Elisa Coraggio, Bristol (Cohort 4)

Project: Machine Learning Prediction Model for Surface Water Quality

Supervisors: Prof Dawei Han, Prof Theo Tryfonas and Dr Claire Gronow

Summary: Water quality prediction models are often built on water quality datasets that lack in quantity and/or quality of data. This project aims to identify the sampling frequency that best represents changes in water quality parameters and to build a machine learning prediction model using that particular sampling frequency.

Vasileios Koukoravas, Exeter (Cohort 4)

Project: Improved Modelling, Operational Management and Water Distribution Equity Assessment in Intermittent Water Supply

Supervisors: Prof Raziyeh Farmani and Prof Zoran Kapelan

Summary: Intermittent water supply (IWS) negatively affects both consumers and water distribution infrastructure, causing inequity in water distribution amongst consumers and rapid asset deterioration. The use of appropriate IWS system modelling can aid in the development of operational management methodologies, therefore improving equity of water distribution and contributing towards a transition to continuous water supply. This project looks into developing hydraulic models according to the specific characteristics of IWS systems and water distribution network sectorisation methodologies, so as to improve equity and a continuous supply for consumers.

Jessica

Penny, Exeter (Cohort 4)

Project:

Impact of Land-Use Changes on Hydrological Regimes

Supervisors: Prof Slobodan Djordjevic and Prof Albert Chen

Summary: Using case studies from the Asian Pacific (Thailand and Adelaide, Australia), this research aims to assess the impact that land-use change (LUC) has on hydrological regimes; droughts, floods and consequently water management. Stakeholder engagement

(i.e. public participation) and the influence of environmental and socio-economic driving factors will be key to developing suitable future LUC scenarios. With specific reference to the Mun River Basin in Thailand, changes to flood and drought hazards will also be assessed using MCDA-GIS techniques, along with potential mitigation alternatives via nature-based solutions.

Bikash Ranabhat, Cardiff (Cohort 4)

Project: Physical Testing and Numerical Modelling of a Vertical Axis Turbine for Hydroelectricity Generation

Supervisors: Prof Reza Ahmadian, Dr Allan Mason-Jones and Prof Roger Falconer

Summary: The majority of research and development on hydro-kinetic turbines has been focused on tidal currents. Efficient turbines for the tidal stream are emerging with the axial flow and lift-based, providing promising results on efficiency. Despite the huge global potential of hydropower from in-land waters and built-in environment, there is a lack of research on low-cost, environmentally friendly turbines to adapt to the shallow bathymetry. This research focuses on experimental testing and computational modelling of a novel drag-type crossflow turbine for optimal performance.

Our Students

Deborah Shackleton, Exeter (Cohort 4)

Project: Mathematical Modelling for the Effects of Climate Change on Cholera in the Bengal Delta

Supervisors: Prof Fayyaz Memon and Prof Albert Chen

Summary: The Bengal delta is one of the most vulnerable regions to the effects of climate change due to its low altitude and high population density. As the bacterial ‘homeland’ of cholera, and given the climate sensitive nature of the disease, the threat of an increased cholera presence in the region is significant. This project aims to quantity the influence of a changing climate on cholera in the region and assess the effectiveness of possible intervention strategies.

Bert Swart, Bath (Cohort 4)

Project: A New Method of Microbubble Generation for Dissolved Air Flotation

Supervisors: Dr Jannis Wenk and Prof John Chew

Summary: This project aims to develop new experimental and analytical methods to assess the performance of a new method of microbubble generation for flotation of microplastic particles. In-situ image analysis has been used to investigate generated bubble characteristics such as size distribution, rise velocity and concentration. Flotation performance of a variety of microplastic types, sizes and shapes has been investigated with in-situ image analysis showing pre and post-flotation particle size distributions and concentrations.

William Addison-Atkinson, Exeter (Cohort 5)

Project: Quantifying the Health Risk Associated with Faecal Indicator Bacteria in Urban Floodwaters from Sewer Exceedance

Supervisors: Prof Albert Chen and Prof Fayyaz Memon

Summary: Modelling urban inundation and its associated health implications is numerous in its many applications. Flood modelling research contains a broad wealth of material, and microbial risk assessment has gained more popularity over the last decade. However, there is still a relative lack of understanding of how microbial risks can be quantified from urban sewer flooding. Therefore, this

research aims to quantify these risks by creating a unique modelling framework. This involves validating hydrodynamic models and water quality models against high-resolution datasets. This methodology can be applied to a UK catchment alongside quantitative microbial risk assessment.

Arran Cooper-Davis, Exeter (Cohort 5)

Project: Flow Timeseries Forecasting in Urban Drainage Networks using Artificial Neural Network Models

Supervisors: Prof Slobodan Djordjević and Prof David Butler Industrial Supervisor: Dr Ole Mark (Krüger A/S)

Summary: Forecasting flows in urban drainage networks allows operators to optimise their treatment strategies to improve performance, which can help to mitigate the impacts of climate and population changes on ageing sewerage infrastructure. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are a data driven modelling tool that can be used to forecast flows in networks without the development of a digital model of the entire catchment and drainage network, so is much faster to develop and deploy. This project evaluates a variety of ANN model architectures, data engineering strategies, and uncertainty quantification techniques in order to improve the understanding of ANNs in this field, with the aim of making them more accessible to practitioners.

Daisy Harley-Nyang, Exeter (Cohort 5)

Project: Microplastics in Wastewater Treatment Works

Supervisors: Prof Fayyaz Memon and Prof Tamara Galloway OBE Industrial Supervisor: Nina Jones (UKWIR)

Summary: Wastewater treatment works have been identified as an important pathway for the release of microplastics to the terrestrial environment. Due to the role wastewater treatment works play in microplastics pollution of the environment, it’s important to have a thorough understanding of the fate and behaviour of microplastics in wastewater and sewage sludge, and to identify the potential environmental exposure and associated risks. Research is being conducted on the quantification, distribution and characteristics of microplastics in wastewater, sludge, biosolids and soils. Data on the fate and behaviour of microplastics through

the wastewater and sludge treatment streams, and how they accumulate and alter, will provide a clearer picture of the risks posed from microplastic pollution through effluent release and the recycling of biosolids to agricultural land. This research will assist in the better understanding of the source, fate and impact of microplastics in wastewater treatment works, and subsequent load of microplastics entering the terrestrial environment.

Sally Pearl, Bath (Cohort 5)

Project: Investigating the Influence of Geologic Bombs and Reservoir Management on Biogeochemical Cycling of Trace Metals and Resultant Water Quality

Supervisors: Dr Lee Bryant, Dr Thomas Kjeldsen and Prof Pedro Estrela

Summary: As climate change and increasing populations put pressure on existing water resources, it becomes more important than ever to manage pollution in drinking water reservoirs efficiently. This project specifically seeks to address the issue of excessive manganese levels in drinking water reservoirs by answering questions about the sources, the biogeochemical influences and the management of manganese in these reservoirs.

Daniel Power, Bristol (Cohort 5)

Project: Increasing our Understanding of Land-Atmosphere Interactions using Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensors and Machine Learning

Supervisors: Dr Rafael Rosolem and Dr Miguel Rico-Ramirez

Summary: Atmospheric fluxes of energy, water and carbon in terrestrial ecosystems will be impacted by a changing climate and therefore the ability to predict and understand the interdependent relationships between fluxes is a key goal for scientists. Soil moisture plays a crucial role in this relationship and cosmic-ray neutron sensors are able to provide field-scale estimates of soil moistureat a spatial scale closer to that of the standard sensor - to measure fluxes across the globe. This study seeks to better understand the role that spatial scale representation of soil moisture can play in data driven methods to predict fluxes, and where across the globe spatial scale similarity matters most.

James Rand, Bath (Cohort 5)

Project: Micro Underwater Vehicles for Autonomous Lake Inspection

Supervisors: Dr Alan Hunter, Dr Lee Bryant and Dr Danielle Wain (7 Lakes Alliance/Colby College)

Summary: Traditional water quality (WQ) lake monitoring does not necessarily capture the full temporal and spatial dimensions of the water body. WQ monitoring by mobile automation, by its very nature of being able to travel over the whole water body over extended durations, has the potential to measure such details. This project is examining how well micro underwater vehicles can achieve this enhanced monitoring, compared to traditional methods.

Our Alumni

COHORT 1

Dr Ludovica Beltrame, Bristol (2014-18)

PhD Thesis: Simulating the Risk of Liver Fluke Infection in the UK through Mechanistic Hydro-Epidemiological Modelling

Supervisors: Prof Thorsten Wagener and Dr Eric Morgan LinkedIn: ludovica-beltrame

Ludo is co-founder and board member of Digital Drop Srl in Milan, Italy, which is a spin-off company of the University of Milan.

Dr Olivia Cooke, Bath (2014-18)

PhD Thesis: Assessment and Mitigation of Stormwater Runoff in an Informal Settlement

Supervisors: Dr Lee Bryant, Dr Thomas Kjeldsen and Prof Wesaal Khan (Stellenbosch University) LinkedIn: olivia-cooke

Olivia is a Data Analyst in the Civil Service.

Dr Nejc Coz, Cardiff (2014-18)

PhD Thesis: Numerical and Experimental Modelling of Tidal Range Structures with Focus on Conservation of Momentum through Hydraulic Structures

Supervisors: Prof Reza Ahmadian and Prof Roger Falconer LinkedIn: coznejc

Nejc is a Research Assistant at the Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

Dr Barnaby Dobson, Bristol (2014-18)

PhD Thesis: Uncertainty in Modelling and Optimising Operations of Reservoir Systems

Supervisors: Dr Francesca Pianosi and Prof Thorsten Wagener Industrial Supervisor: Dr Chris Hut ton (Wessex Water) LinkedIn: barnaby-dobson

Barney is a Research Associate in Water Systems Integration at Imperial College London.

Dr Laurence Hawker, Bristol (2014-18)

PhD Thesis: Regional Flood Models and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Uncertainty Supervisors: Prof Paul Bates and Dr Jeff Neal LinkedIn: laurence-hawker

Laurence is a Senior Research Associate in the School of Geographical Sciences at the University of Bristol.

Dr Jonathan King, Cardiff (2014-18)

PhD Thesis: Investigation and Prediction of Pollution in Coastal and Estuarine Waters, using Experimental and Numerical Methods

Supervisors: Prof Reza Ahmadian and Prof Roger Falconer LinkedIn: kingja

Jonathan is a Chartered Senior Engineer at JBA Consulting.

Dr Wouter Knoben, Bristol (2014-18)

PhD Thesis: Investigating Conceptual Model Structure Uncertainty: Progress in Large-Sample Comparative Hydrology Supervisors: Dr Ross Woods and Prof Jim Freer LinkedIn: wouter-knoben

Wouter is a Research Associate at the University of Saskatchewan in Canada.

Dr Mariano Marinari, Bath (2014-18)

PhD Thesis: Quantification and Valorisation of Agricultural Bioresource Residues in England Supervisors: Dr Tom Arnot and Dr Marcelle McManus Industrial Supervisor: Ian Law (Wessex Water) LinkedIn: marianomarinari

Mariano is an Environmental Engineer at ARPA Lombardia in Italy (Regional Agency for the Protection of the Environment).

Dr Elli Mitrou, Cardiff (2014-18)

PhD Thesis: Large-Eddy Simulations of Multi-Phase Plumes in Crossflow and Stratified Flow

Supervisors: Prof Shunqi Pan and Prof Zhihua Xie

Elli is a Senior Environmental Consultant for chapmanbdsp; an independent design consultancy.

Dr Joshua Myrans, Exeter (2014-18)

PhD Thesis: Automated Analysis of Sewer CCTV Surveys Supervisors: Prof Zoran Kapelan and Prof Richard Everson LinkedIn: joshua-myrans

Josh is a Future Leaders Fellow at South West Water and an Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Exeter.

Dr Ioanna Stamataki, Bath (2014-18)

PhD Thesis: Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Flash Floods and their Interaction with Urban Settlements

Supervisors: Prof Jun Zang and Dr Thomas Kjeldsen LinkedIn: ioanna-stamataki

Ioanna is a Lecturer in Civil Engineering at the University of Greenwich.

Dr James Webber, Exeter (2014-18)

PhD Thesis: Reliable and Resilient Surface Water Management through Rapid Scenario Screening

Supervisors: Prof David Butler and Prof Guangtao Fu LinkedIn: james-webber

James is a Lecturer in Water Systems Engineering at the University of Exeter.

COHORT 2

Dr Olivia Bailey, Bath (2015-19)

PhD Thesis: Sewer Systems of the Future: Developing a Stochastic Sewer Model to Support Design of Sustainable Wastewater Systems

Supervisors: Prof Jan Hofman and Dr Tom Arnot LinkedIn: olivia-bailey

Olivia is a Digital Water Consultant at Arup.

Dr Stamatis Batelis, Bristol (2015-19)

PhD Thesis: The Impact of Groundwater Representation in Land Surface Models under Current and Future Scenarios in Great Britain

Supervisors: Dr Rafael Rosolem and Dr Mostaquimur Rahman LinkedIn: batelis

Stamatis is a Senior Data Scientist at HSBC.

Aidan Barry, Bath (2015-22)

MPhil Thesis: Identification & Characterisation of Luxury Uptake Proteins in Chlamydomonas for Enhanced Wastewater Phosphorus Removal

Supervisors: Dr James Doughty and Dr Tom Arnot LinkedIn: aidan-barry

Aidan is an Environmental Data Analyst at Thames Water.

Dr Paul Bayle, Bath (2015-19)

PhD Thesis: Coastal Protection and Nearshore Evolution under Sea Level Rise

Supervisors: Dr Christopher Blenkinsopp, Dr Alan Hunter and Prof Gerd Masselink LinkedIn: paul-bayle

Paul is a Postdoctoral Researcher at TU Delft in the Netherlands.

Dr Stephen Clee, Cardiff (2015-19)

PhD Thesis: 3D Hydrodynamic and Morphodynamic Modelling of Offshore Sandbanks

Supervisors: Prof Shunqi Pan and Dr Catherine Wilson LinkedIn: stephen-clee

Stephen work s for South Wales Police in a civilian role, where he is applying the skills he developed during his PhD in a different sector.

Dr Arthur Hajaali, Cardiff (2015-19)

PhD Thesis: Flow Separation Characteristics within Rectangular and Conical Diffusers

Supervisors: Prof Shunqi Pan and Dr Zhihua Xie LinkedIn: arthur-hajaali

Arthur is a Research Fellow in aerosol and airflow transport at University College London.

Dr Rosanna Lane, Bristol (2015-19)

PhD Thesis: National-Scale Hydrological Modelling of High Flows Across Great Britain: Multi-Model Structures, Regionalisation Approaches and Climate Change Analysis with Uncertainty

Supervisors: Prof Jim Freer, Prof Thorsten Wagener and Dr Gemma Coxon LinkedIn: rosannalane

Rosie is a Hydrological Modeller at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH).

Dr Anna Lo Jacomo, Bristol (2015-19)

PhD Thesis: Multi-Ha zard Exposure of Cities and Implications for Urban Infrastructure Supervisors: Prof Dawei Han and Prof Alan Champneys LinkedIn: anna-lo-jacomo

Anna is a Hydroinformatics Developer at Jacobs.

Dr Olivia Milton-Thompson, Exeter (2015-19)

PhD Thesis: Developing a Risk Assessment Model using Fuzzy Logic to Assess Groundwater Contamination from Hydraulic Fracturing

Supervisors: Prof Akbar Javadi and Prof Zoran Kapelan LinkedIn: olivia-milton-thompson

Olivia is a Senior Geochemist at WSP Golder.

Dr Cain Moylan, Bristol (2015-19)

PhD Thesis: Sensitivity, Uncertainty and Refinement of a Global Flood Model Supervisors: Dr Jeff Neal and Prof Jim Freer LinkedIn: cain-moylan

Cain is a Flood Risk Analyst at JBA Consulting.

Dr Alex Stubbs, Cardiff (2015-19)

PhD Thesis: The Physical and Numerical Representation of Turbulent Flow over a Porous Riverbed Supervisors: Dr Michaela Bray and Prof Shunqi Pan LinkedIn: alexstubbs

Alex is a Research Fellow at University College London.

Dr Maria Xenochristou, Exeter (2015-19)

PhD Thesis: Water Demand Forecasting using Machine Learning on Weather and Smart Metering Data Supervisors: Prof Zoran Kapelan and Prof Jan Hofman Industrial Supervisor: Dr Chris Hut ton (Wessex Water) LinkedIn: mariaxeno

Maria is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Stanford University, USA.

COHORT 3

Dr Sabrina Draude, Exeter (2016-22)

PhD Thesis: Optimised Maintenance Scheduling for Wastewater Systems

Supervisors: Prof Ed Keedwell and Prof Zoran Kapelan Industrial Supervisor: Rebecca Hiscock (Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water) LinkedIn: sabrina-draude

Sabrina is a Water Data Scientist/Engineer at Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water.

Dr Sebastian Gnann, Bristol (2016-21)

PhD Thesis: Baseflow Generation at the Catchment Scale – An Investigation using Comparative Hydrology Supervisors: Dr Nicholas Howden and Dr Ross Woods

Seb is a Postdoctoral Researcher in the Analysis of Hydrologic Systems Department of the University of Potsdam in Germany.

Dr Dolores González Olías, Bath (2016-20)

PhD Thesis: Self-Powered Biosensors for Water Quality Monitoring: Sensor Development and Signal Treatment Supervisors: Dr Mirella Di Lorenzo, Dr Petra Cameron and Prof Jan Hofman LinkedIn: dolores-gonzalez

Dolores is a Senior Research Scientist at CCell.

Dr Simbi Hatchard, Bristol (2016-21)

PhD Thesis: Modelling the Viability of Small Hydroelectric Power on the Zambezi Basin Supervisors: Prof Paul Bates, Dr Francesca Pianosi and Dr Sam Williamson LinkedIn: simbi-hatchard

Simbi is a Senior Model Developer at Fathom.

Dr Giovanni Musolino, Cardiff (2016-21)

PhD Thesis: Flood Modelling and Hazard Assessment for Extreme Events in Riverine Basins Supervisors: Prof Reza Ahmadian and Prof Roger Falconer LinkedIn: giovanni-d-musolino

Giovanni is working as a private tutor and supply teacher and is looking for career opportunities within the water engineering sector.

Dr Eirini Nikoloudi, Exeter (2016-20)

PhD Thesis: Event Management and Post Event Response Planning for Smart Water Networks Supervisors: Prof Zoran Kapelan and Prof Fayyaz Memon Industrial Supervisor: Dr Michele Romano (United Utilities) LinkedIn: eirini-nikoloudi

Eirini is a Civil Engineer at an engineering firm in Greece.

Dr Laura Ramsamy, Exeter (2016-22)

PhD Thesis: Flood Forecasting in a Large Catchment with Limited Data

Supervisors: Prof Slobodan Djordjevic ́and Prof Albert Chen LinkedIn: laura-ramsamy

Laura is a Senior Flood Scientist at Climate X.

Dr Lina Stein, Bristol (2016-21)

PhD Thesis: Using Hydrological Process Knowledge to Assess Flood Generation and Changes on a Global Scale Supervisors: Dr Ross Woods and Dr Francesca Pianosi

Lina is a Postdoctoral Researcher in the Analysis of Hydrologic Systems Department of the University of Potsdam in Germany.

Dr Charles West, Bristol (2016-21)

PhD Thesis: Investigating Groundwater Recharge and Dynamics at Continental Scales using Comparative Hydrology Supervisors: Dr Rafael Rosolem and Prof Thorsten Wagener (University of Potsdam) LinkedIn: charles-west

Charles is a Catastrophe and Climate Risk Lead Associate at WTW.

COHORT 4

Dr Andrew Barnes, Bath (2017-21)

PhD Thesis: Machine Learning Methods for the Analysis of Precipitation Patterns

Supervisors: Dr Thomas Kjeldsen and Dr Nick McCullen LinkedIn: andy-barnes

Andy is a Senior Machine Learning Engineer at CGI.

Dr Giulia Giani, Bristol (2017-21)

PhD Thesis: On the Objective Characterization of the Rainfall Runoff Transformation

Supervisors: Dr Miguel Rico-Ramirez and Dr Ross Woods LinkedIn: giulia-giani

Giulia is a Catastrophe Research Analyst at Gallagher Re.

Dr Nefeli Makrygianni, Cardiff (2017-21)

PhD Thesis: Evaluation of the Performance of the Wave Boundary Layer Model with the OpenIFS Supervisors: Prof Shunqi Pan and Dr Michaela Bray Industrial Supervisor: Dr Jean Bidlot (ECMWF) LinkedIn: nefeli-makrygianni

Nefeli is a Marine Scientist at the Met Office.

Dr Stephanie Müller, Cardiff (2017-21)

PhD Thesis: Impact of Leaky Barriers and Hydrokinetic Turbines on Channel Hydrodynamics and Fish Movement Supervisors: Dr Catherine Wilson and Dr Pablo Ouro (University of Manchester) LinkedIn: stephanie-müller

Stephanie is a Research Engineer at Vattenfall in Sweden. COHORT 5

Dr Mikkel Bue Lykkegaard, Exeter (2018-22)

PhD Thesis: Multilevel Delayed Acceptance MCMC with Applications to Hydrogeological Inverse Problems Supervisors: Prof Tim Dodwell and Dr David Moxey LinkedIn: mikkelbue

Mikkel is a Data Science Lead at digiLab.

About the WISE CDT

WHAT IS A CENTRE FOR DOCTORAL TRAINING?

Centres for Doctoral Training (‘CDT’s) are one of the approaches through which UKRI supports PhD programmes. The WISE CDT is funded through EPSRC, which is the principal UK government agency funding research and training in engineering and physical sciences disciplines. EPSRC-funded CDTs bring together diverse areas of expertise to train engineers and scientists ‘in areas

of national need’. The aim is to equip students with the skills, knowledge and confidence to tackle evolving issues and future challenges. CDTs offer the opportunity for universities to create new working cultures, build relationships between teams – both within and across institutions – and forge lasting links with industry.

© Steven Haywood 2019

CDT students are fully funded for the equivalent of four years’ fulltime study. The first year allows them to explore the research area and build strong expertise in their ‘home’ discipline, while developing the skills and knowledge to cross disciplinary boundaries. Students also undertake a formal programme of taught coursework to develop and enhance technical knowledge and skills across a range of appropriate disciplines. For the remaining three years, students develop their doctoral research, while continuing to join together as a cohort for CDT events and training courses, including technical and transferable skills training.

The benefits to students include:

■ competitive stipends;

■ an innovative, supportive and engaging student experience gained through training as a cohort;

■ opportunities to engage in research collaborations with leading researchers across the CDT partnership;

■ integral involvement of leading industry, business, government and other stakeholders in both training and research.

The WISE CDT was one of 115 centres funded through EPSRC’s 2013 CDT Exercise and is a partnership between the University of Exeter, University of Bath, University of Bristol and Cardiff University. EPSRC funding is supported by resources from the WISE partner universities and external collaborators. The four WISE universities comprise the GW4 Water Security Alliance (‘WSA’), a research consortium that pursues a common vision of addressing the impact of global change on water to benefit people and ecosystems.

PROGRAMME OVERVIEW

The WISE CDT recruited five annual cohorts between September 2014 and September 2018, with each cohort comprising a minimum of 15 students. All entrants to the CDT were based together at the University of Exeter for the first year postgraduate school. As our students had varied academic backgrounds and experiences, the postgraduate school ensured entrants gained a solid understanding of water informatics and related topics, plus wider research skills, before embarking on their PhD research. After year one, students returned to their registered university base to work on their PhD project for the following three years. WISE students report benefiting greatly from belonging to a cohort with varied backgrounds and experiences. Students’ co-location for their first year has proved to be extremely valuable for cohort-building and has enabled them to support one another and learn from others’ knowledge and experience.

The CDT programme has ensured that students continue to join up as a cohort for regular training and events following postgraduate school. In each year students completed a Transferable Skills and Engineering Leadership module, with all four partner universities delivering an annual module. Students have also been able to pursue specialist skills training by attending taught Master’s level modules relevant to their research at any of the WISE partner universities. WISE has run six residential Summer Schools for our students, which have also hosted the CDT Advisory Board meeting of industrial and academic partners and the Board of Examiners’ meeting. We have additionally organised regular Industry Events, hosted by an industrial partner, where students have presented their latest research findings and have had the opportunity to engage with a range of industry and water sector stakeholders.

It’s immensely satisfying that WISE students continue to support the economic, environmental and social strategies of business with their cutting edge bespoke research.

Professor John Banyard OBE FREng, WISE CDT Advisory Board Chair

All students are strongly encouraged to undertake a research visit as they develop their PhD project, which can be to either a UK-based industrial partner or an overseas academic institution. Additionally, students participate in a variety of regular activities at their registered university, including research seminars, modules, presentations, outreach and teaching. WISE students also attend and present at several UK and overseas conferences. The WISE CDT programme operates a principle of ‘guided freedom’, which gives students the responsibility and resources to influence their training programme.

WISE students receive generous financial support, comprising a stipend and fees for the equivalent of four years’ full-time study and a Research Training Support Grant (‘RTSG’) to cover additional training costs, such as conferences and the research visit.

MANAGEMENT AND GOVERNANCE

The CDT’s training grant is held by the University of Exeter. The WISE CDT’s senior management team consists of a Director from the University of Exeter, plus Co-Directors and Co-Investigators from all the WISE partner universities. Professor Raziyeh Farmani has taken over from Professor David Butler as CDT Director from 1 October 2022, with David’s departure on study leave.

Debbie Ford University of Exeter

CDT Administrator:

Professor Jonathan Dawes University of Bath

Professor John Banyard Independent Consultant

Dr Ana Mijic Imperial College London

Professor Slobodan Djordjevi´c University of Exeter

Professor Dragan Savic´ University of Exeter

Professor Reza Ahmadian Cardiff University

Dr Rafael Rosolem University of Bristol

Professor David Butler University of Exeter

Dr Ross Woods University of Bristol

Professor Raziyeh Farmani University of Exeter

Dr Tom Arnot University of Bath

Professor Shunqi Pan Cardiff University

Professor Jan Hofman University of Bath

The management team meets formally as the Programme Management Group at least four times a year to plan, implement and review strategic and operational matters. Student representatives sit on this group to ensure students have a direct communication link with the management team. Student reps feed in comments and questions from their peers, propose ideas and contribute to planning and programme improvement discussion.

WISE has a full-time administrator (Postgraduate Research Support Officer), based at the University of Exeter. Students across the WISE partnership know they may contact the administrator whenever they require assistance, advice or have questions. WISE students additionally have access to a range of support through their registered university (encompassing student support services, wellbeing resources and services, training resources, careers services, student union). WISE has an Administrative/Finance group, comprising administrators and finance officers from each of the partner universities. This group meets at least quarterly to scrutinise the CDT budget, to consider student-related matters and to review and develop policy and procedures.

Each student has a minimum of two academic supervisors overseeing their PhD research. Supervisory teams may include a supervisor from another WISE university to provide a complementary skillset or expertise. Projects developed with industry will include an industry partner supervisor. The CDT requires all students to complete a WISE Annual Progress Review to evidence their development and progression, including any problems encountered, plus a selfassessment of their satisfaction with their PhD. The student’s primary supervisor, and industry supervisor where relevant, provide comments and a recommendation on progression. Annual Progress Reviews are considered by the CDT Programme Management Group and therefore allow WISE to maintain an overview of all our students across the partnership and to monitor trends over time. WISE students are additionally required to comply with all mandatory monitoring and review procedures at their registered university. This ensures that student progress is also considered independently of the CDT.

The WISE CDT Advisory Board is chaired by Professor John Banyard, OBE FREng. With members spanning national and international universities plus UK water companies, public bodies, research organisations, consultancies and businesses, the Advisory Board delivers insight and challenge, guiding the CDT’s strategic development. The Advisory Board meets formally once a year, but Board members are kept informed of CDT activity and planning on an ongoing basis and also engage in CDT events.

Dr Ana Mijic, Reader in Water Systems Integration at Imperial College London, is the WISE CDT’s current external examiner. External examiners play a significant role in securing our academic standards and awards. External examiner reports and comments provide important feedback, supporting the maintenance and improvement of the programme. The WISE external examiner role initially focused on the postgraduate school taught programme, with a formal Board of Examiners meeting taking place each summer. With no student intakes beyond 2018-19, the external examiner role now embraces the wider CDT programme and Dr Mijic has joined the CDT Advisory Board. Dr Mijic hosted an open meeting with students during the September 2021 Summer School to inform her latest report, subsequently feeding back her observations and insights to management group and Advisory Board colleagues.

EPSRC Mid-Term Review

The WISE CDT is monitored and evaluated by EPSRC throughout its lifetime. In its mid-term review WISE was awarded the highest possible assessment (‘good’), with EPSRC commenting that ‘this CDT has been successfully managed across multiple institutions with effective management and governance and a strong emphasis on cohort development’. Highlights noted by EPSRC were ‘the industrial engagement and the additional leveraged funding secured; the cohort development across multiple institutions; and the interaction with the Stream IDC’. EPSRC CDT training grant holders are required to submit an Annual Monitoring return to the research council. The Annual Monitoring return incorporates recruitment data, case studies, achievements and impact. This data supplements information available to EPSRC via other mechanisms (such as Je-S for student details and Researchfish for research outcomes).

Together, this evidence helps EPSRC evaluate the impact of its overall investment and gather evidence to inform future strategies. The most recent Annual Monitoring submissions in 2020 and 2021 covered the Coronavirus pandemic and its impacts on students and on delivery of the training grant.

As a CIWEM-accredited programme (see details below), WISE is required to submit an Annual Review Report, summarising any changes to the programme or developments implemented since accreditation.

This CDT has been successfully managed across multiple institutions with effective management and governance and a strong emphasis on cohort development.

PROGRAMME ACCREDITATION

The WISE CDT pursued CIWEM accreditation to meet the needs of students without a formal engineering academic background. CIWEM accreditation was awarded in June 2018 and covers all our student intakes. This was CIWEM’s first accreditation of a PhD programme. Areas of good practice highlighted by the accreditation panel included the relationships with and between student cohorts, our industry links and the ability of students to draw on academic expertise and facilities across the four universities.

CIWEM accreditation is important to the WISE CDT because it provides external validation of the quality of our programme. It supports the aim of raising professional standards in the water and environment sector by ensuring that the skill sets of students meet the demands of the profession. CIWEM accreditation has also provided assurance to UK and overseas applicants to the programme. We believe that membership of CIWEM is an important core strand of students’ professional development, offering many advantages such as networking through branch meetings and events. Following a CIWEM-accredited programme also enhances students’ career prospects by facilitating their path to Chartership.

The four CDT partner universities have additionally pursued JBM accreditation of the PhD for all student intakes. WISE JBM accreditation has had to be actioned by each university individually and, to date, Exeter, Cardiff and Bath universities have obtained accreditation. This means that the WISE PhD programme is accredited by ICE, IStructE, IHE, CIHT and PWI as meeting the requirements for Further Learning for a Chartered Engineer for candidates who have already acquired a CEng accredited undergraduate first degree. The University of Bristol is currently preparing a WISE CDT submission as part of its next JBM accreditation visit.

WISE DURING THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC

As conveyed to both EPSRC and CIWEM through our annual reporting mechanisms, the WISE CDT had to adapt the programme during the Coronavirus pandemic and recognises the significant challenges that our students faced in both their professional and personal lives.

During the pandemic our focus was on supporting our students and on maintaining the CDT in order to provide the best training and learning experience possible in the circumstances. The global public health situation impacted students in a variety of ways. Direct impacts on PhD research projects included cancellation of fieldwork, data collection and research visits and closure or restricted access to laboratories and facilities. Personal impacts encompassed additional caring responsibilities, unsuitable homeworking environments, social isolation and impacts on wellbeing and mental health - including for some the resurgence of historical conditions or onset of long-term illness.

While throughout the pandemic the WISE training programme continued without detriment to academic standards, delivery primarily had to be online. CDT meetings similarly moved online. The CDT Programme Management Group met regularly to consider strategy and operational matters. Events planning, scheduling and delivery methods were reviewed frequently with student reps. Academic supervision and research group meetings also took place online and students’ access to university offices and facilities had to be managed in accordance with COVID-19 safety measures.

As a student member of CIWEM it is great to see the WISE CDT programme acknowledged as a CIWEM accredited course. It demonstrates to future employers that CIWEM recognises the course content is relevant to the professional disciplines in the water and environmental management sector, where many of us aspire to end up working.

Dr Laura Ramsamy, University of Exeter Cohort 3 graduate, now working as a Senior Flood Scientist for Climate X

The recent experience of students has therefore been contrary to the philosophy behind CDTs in offering ‘an innovative, supportive and engaging student experience gained through training as a cohort’. The loss of these collaborative elements, together with the inability to travel overseas for research visits or international conferences, was keenly felt and means that our students’ CDT experience was inevitably different because of Coronavirus. The CDT was also aware from student feedback during the pandemic that, because their working lives were totally ‘virtual’, there was little appetite for participating in additional non-mandatory online events, even if these were designed to promote engagement and socialising.

Throughout the Coronavirus pandemic WISE has engaged with UKRI and university colleagues on support for students whose projects and progress have been impacted by COVID-19. This support has included the provision of funded extensions for those students needing additional time to complete their research projects to a doctoral level. In accordance with UKRI policy, WISE is currently managing new requests for funded extensions as part of our ‘business as usual’. The CDT is using this and other available mechanisms to support our remaining students to complete their PhD projects.

Happily, the 2021-22 academic year has meant a return to normality for universities following the disruption, delays and uncertainties posed by the pandemic. For WISE students this has meant a welcome return to campus working and a resumption of in-person supervisory meetings, lab work, engagement with research groups and participation in events. WISE students have also been able to travel to present at international conferences and to embark on overseas research visits. Student feedback has highlighted how greatly these experiences have been appreciated since the pandemic.

TRAINING GRANT EXTENSION

The CDT’s EPSRC training grant was due to end in September 2022 and WISE originally expected all cohorts to have finished their PhD projects by this date. However, due to COVID-19 funded extensions, as well as interruptions of study for personal reasons, WISE now has the equivalent of an entire cohort whose funded studentships will continue beyond September 2022. The CDT therefore asked EPSRC for a twelve-month ‘no-cost’ training grant extension, which was approved in July 2022. This grant extension come with no additional funding, but allows us to use our existing resources to support our remaining students to maximise their CDT training experience and achieve doctoral training outcomes.

STUDENT AND CDT OUTCOMES

WISE enrolled 84 students in total across five cohorts – 39% female, 61% male – with age on entry ranging from 21 to 50. 60% of successful applicants were UK nationals, with 40% coming from other European countries (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Slovenia, and Spain). Entrants’ backgrounds and academic qualifications have been varied, covering engineering (civil, chemical, environmental) and related disciplines such as biochemistry, environmental science, geography, hydrology, mathematics, physics, and robotics. Some students joined the programme with previous industry experience (e.g. Chemical Engineer, Repsol; Flood Risk and Drainage Engineer, WYG Group; Senior Engineer, Hydroplan), while others came directly from academia. 12 students (7 males, 5 females; 7 UK, 5 EU) have withdrawn from WISE, most frequently during the early part of their programme, although the Coronavirus pandemic saw two withdrawals of students who were in the latter stages of their projects. All withdrawals have been voluntary rather than due to unsatisfactory progress. The majority of those withdrawing did so to take up an offer of employment, with factors related to Brexit being a likely impact on EU students’ decisionmarking. The remaining students withdrew to start a PhD in a different subject area. The WISE CDT withdrawal rate of 14.3% of all students recruited does not look unusual, as recent available figures on UK PhD completion rates are in the range of 70-80%.

WISE CDT students withdrawing following successful completion of the first year postgraduate school programme are eligible for a Postgraduate Diploma (PGDip) exit award.

WISE students are encouraged and supported to present conference papers during their studentship and to have journal papers accepted for publication prior to being awarded their degree. Publications produced by CDT students are detailed on pages 50-65. To date, WISE publications have been cited more than 1,200 times and have an H-index of 18.

Details of PhD and MPhil awards, together with hyperlinks to published theses where available, are shown on pages 46-49.

With regard to graduate destinations, to date the majority are working in the water or environment sectors, most frequently in consultancies, but also in universities (as postdoctoral researchers or lecturers), water companies, energy companies and the Met Office. A smaller group comprise data scientists, analysts and researchers who are applying the skills developed during their PhDs in other sectors. Find out more by reading our alumni profiles on pages 6-7 and 16-19.

RECRUITED STUDENTS: GENDER AND AGE ON ENTRY

25

Female Male

20

15

10

5

30 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40+

Nunber of Student s Age on Entry

0

The current position with regard to student progress and outcomes is as follows:

COHORT AND YEAR OF ENTRY STUDENTS RECRUITED WITHDRAWALS COMPLETED: PHD AWARD COMPLETED: MPHIL AWARD WORKING TOWARDS PHD

Cohort 1: 2014-15 15 2 12 0 1 1 Cohort 2: 2015-16 18 4 11 1 2 1 Cohort 3: 2016-17 15 1 9 0 5 2 Cohort 4: 2017-18 18 5 4 0 9 3 Cohort 5: 2018-19 18 0 1 0 17 3 Totals 84 12 37 1 34

1 Cohort 1 and 2 students still working towards a PhD include those whose studentship end dates were extended due to interruptions of study (e.g. sickness absence, maternity leave).

2 Cohort 3 students were in their final year in 2019-20 when Coronavirus pandemic restrictions were imposed. Those whose projects and progress had been impacted by the pandemic were eligible to request a UKRI funded extension.

3 All Cohort 4 and 5 students who were impacted by the Coronavirus pandemic were eligible to apply for a UKRI funded extension to their studentship. Data as at 15 September 2022

STUDENT EVALUATION

The WISE CDT regularly seeks feedback from students through surveys, individually or via the cohort representatives. Results from end-ofprogramme surveys show high satisfaction ratings. Based on graduate returns to date, each cohort has rated its WISE CDT experience at least 4.25 out of 5 (‘good’-‘excellent’). The most frequently cited best elements are the cohort (‘community’) experience, the funded research visit and the opportunity throughout the programme to present work and engage with other researchers both in the UK and internationally. These results are pleasing, as they represent areas not generally available on a standard PhD programme.

The CDT’s feedback requests additionally seek students’ views on areas for improvement and WISE can evidence how it has taken action in response to this feedback. Examples include making changes to the first year taught programme, pursuing CIWEM accreditation and providing enhanced administrative support for students.

In response to a request from the CDT’s Advisory Board, a ‘happiness index’ question was incorporated into students’ 2018–2019 Annual Progress Review forms and has been used ever since. This asks students to rate their general happiness in their PhD on a scale from 1–5 (from ‘very unhappy’ to ‘very happy’). In 2021-22 the happiness index form was distributed as a standalone document to ensure that students’ responses were only viewed by the CDT administrator.

71% of students rated themselves as ‘happy’ or ‘very happy’ in 202122, slightly improved from 69% in 2020-21 and akin to the 201819 pre-Coronavirus pandemic figure. The impact of the pandemic on students’ wellbeing was evident in 2019-20 Annual Progress Reviews, with only 61% assessing themselves as ‘happy’ or ‘very happy’. Pleasingly, in 2021-22 71% of students considered they felt ‘happier’ than the previous year. A return to on-campus working and in-person PhD supervision, together with the ability to travel for conferences and research visits, were the most commonly cited contributing factors.

The supervision and administrative support have been excellent and our travel budgets are very generous. Thank you for all of that.

Cohort 1 graduate

I would like to thank you all for all your effort to make WISE an excellent program.

Cohort 3 graduate

Cohort 2 graduate

I really like the concept of CDTs, allowing networking, training and meeting like-minded peers and researchers.

Cohort 4 graduate

Overall I am really grateful to been in the right place at the right time to join the WISE programme, I’m sure I’ll continue to feel the benefit of it in the coming years!

Student Experience

POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL

The WISE CDT’s year one postgraduate school concluded its programme in summer 2019 on progression of the final intake (Cohort 5). All WISE entrants were co-located at the University of Exeter for their first year, which has been fundamental to establishing a WISE cohort experience. Commencing with a week-long induction programme, co-location in dedicated offices allowed students to get to know each other, the CDT’s academics and the CDT administrator, building relationships and developing a strong, supportive cohort to sustain them for the remainder of the programme.

The Postgraduate School in Water Informatics ensured that students gained a solid understanding of water informatics and wider research methodology before they began their PhD research project. This was particularly important given WISE students’ varied academic backgrounds and experience. In designing the CDT programme, a key aim was to develop students’ skills and understanding in addition to furthering their knowledge, including an appreciation of both present and future needs of the water industry.

The Postgraduate School in Water informatics programme accounted for 120 credits of taught Master’s level modules (National Qualification Framework level 7). The 8 modules were:

■ ECMM124: Hydroinformatics Tools

■ ECMM132: Urban Drainage and Waste Water Management

■ ECMM133: Water Supply and Distribution Management

■ ECMM144: Environmental and Computational Hydraulics

■ ECMM145: Computational Hydrology

■ ECMM146: Mathematical Modelling of Wastewater Treatment Processes

■ ECMM171: Programming for Engineering

■ ECMM410: Research Methodology

Three modules were created specifically for the WISE CDT and were only available to WISE students (ECMM144, ECMM145 and ECMM146, delivered by academics from Cardiff, Bristol and Bath, respectively). All other modules were shared with students following

© Rafael Rosolem 2021

the University of Exeter’s MSc in Water Engineering and other MSc/ MEng programmes within the College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences.

New entrants to the WISE CDT developed their PhD project proposal during their first year. Students then presented their proposals to the CDT management group and Advisory Board members at Summer School following the completion of postgraduate school.

SPECIALIST MASTER’S-LEVEL MODULES

Beyond their first year, WISE CDT students have had the opportunity to pursue further specialist skills training by attending taught Master’s-level modules, either at their registered university or at another WISE partner university.

SPECIALIST MASTER’S-LEVEL MODULES

Exeter’s Year 1 module was conducted jointly with students from the Stream Industrial Doctorate Centre to broaden the mix of participants’ backgrounds and experiences. The final Exeter Year 1 module was delivered in 2018-19 for Cohort 5 students.

Year 2 Module, University of Bristol:

I think WISE has given me one of the best possible PhD experiences that I could have gotten.

Cohort 1 graduate

Beyond their first year, WISE CDT students have had the opportunity to pursue further specialist skills training by attending taught Master’s-level modules, either at their registered university or at another WISE partner university.

TRANSFERABLE SKILLS AND ENGINEERING LEADERSHIP PROGRAMME

Transferable skills training has been an essential component of the CDT programme. Key generic skills such as communication, commercial awareness, negotiation, problem solving and teamwork are invaluable for students’ development and future careers, whether in industry or academia.

In each year of the programme students completed a Transferable Skills and Engineering Leadership module delivered by one of the partner universities. Modules were designed to be distinct, build on earlier learning and align to students’ PhD progression. In addition to supporting the development of essential transferable skills, this training programme aimed to prepare students for PhD submission, proposal writing and their future career.

Year 1

Module, University of Exeter:

Focus of module: acquisition of a deeper understanding of the research process and methodology. The module covers communication, including supervisory relationships, science communication and public engagement, and overseas collaboration. It also focuses on patenting and intellectual property, negotiating and influencing skills, and developing a business model.

Focus of module: maintaining motivation and independence; visualising data; preparation and delivery of conference papers and posters; writing and refereeing of journal articles and grant applications.

The final Bristol module was delivered to Cohort 5 students over an extended period due to Coronavirus restrictions. While a successful online part-module went ahead in 2019-20, it was decided to wait until VOX Coaching could deliver the presentation skills session in person, given the very positive feedback from previous cohorts. This final session was able to go ahead in September 2021 during Summer School week and was well received.

Year 3 Module, Cardiff University:

Focus of module: developing resilience; reducing stress; excelling as a researcher; leadership, management and team skills; professional etiquette; planning and writing a thesis; thinking of one’s career; entrepreneurship and leadership skills.

The final Cardiff module was delivered online in June 2021 to both Cohort 4 (module postponed in 2019-20 because of Coronavirus restrictions) and Cohort 5. The 2021 module included a new session on Equality, Diversity and Inclusivity delivered by the Centre for Inclusive Leadership.

Thank you all for allowing me this experience and supporting me along the way, it’s been brilliant!!

Cohort 2 graduate

Year 4 Module, University of Bath:

Focus of module: strategies for PhD viva preparation, thesis completion, smart and effective proposal writing, Early Career Researcher funding opportunities, career opportunities, and life after a PhD.

With the imposition of Coronavirus restrictions in early 2020 Bath designed an online module, successfully delivering this for the second time in 2021, with positive student feedback. The final module was able to go ahead on the University of Bath campus in March 2022, with participants greatly appreciating the opportunity to get together to work and socialise. Group accommodation ensured that the module reinforced cohort engagement.

SUMMER SCHOOL

The WISE CDT annual Summer Schools have been organised by the partner universities in turn. Summer Schools have included student research presentations and poster displays, a waterthemed ‘challenge’, site visits, and talks from leading academic and industrial partners. Summer School week also hosted the annual CDT Advisory Board meeting and the Board of Examiners’ meeting, which reviewed postgraduate school marks and annual progression for all students.

I know there has been outstanding research performed during the program and I truly hope it continues in the future.

Cohort 3 graduate

RESEARCH SEMINARS

WISE CDT students have been part of an active research community and have had the opportunity to participate in regular research seminars and events at their home and partner universities:

■ Bath’s Water Innovation & Research Centre (‘WIRC’)

■ Bristol’s Cabot Institute for the Environment’s Water Theme

■ Cardiff’s Hydro-environmental Research Centre (‘HRC’)

■ Exeter’s Centre for Water Systems (‘CWS’)

Throughout the four years, the CDT programme has incorporated a mix of cohort and multi-cohort events to encourage students from all universities to mix, supporting discussion and exchange of ideas across disciplinary boundaries.

Coronavirus restrictions meant the postponement of the 2020 Summer School. The final event therefore took place in September 2021 and was organised by the University of Bristol. This was the first in-person WISE event since the onset of the pandemic and was designed with this in mind. Participants expressed their appreciation for the relaxed atmosphere and looser scheduling, which enabled everyone to get used to being in a large group again and to reconnect. Students also greatly valued the WISE alumni panel session. Huge thanks go to Dr Barnaby Dobson, Dr Olivia Bailey, Dr Olivia Milton-Thompson and Dr James Webber for sharing their experiences and answering the many questions from current students.

It was a great pleasure to be part of such a well organised PhD program.

Cohort 4 graduate

CDT PUBLICATION

In 2021 WISE published a paper about the CDT in the international open-access journal ‘Hydrology and Earth System Sciences’. Authored by then Co-Director Professor Thorsten Wagener with CDT management group members, ‘Hydroinformatics Education - the Water Informatics in Science and Engineering (WISE) Centre for Doctoral Training’ discusses the need for this type of postgraduate training, the CDT’s structure and approach, and the results and lessons learned so far. Read more here: https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2721-2021.

Industry Engagement

Integral, ongoing engagement with industry is essential to the WISE CDT. The overall aim of WISE is to fill the skills gap by offering a postgraduate programme that fosters new levels of innovation and collaboration.

In establishing a vibrant research and learning community, the CDT provides training at the boundary of water informatics, science and engineering. Central to both the training programme and to students’ research projects is the involvement of leading industry, business, government and other stakeholders. WISE CDT graduates may choose careers in academic, industry, regulatory, practitioner or research institutions. Exposure to real industry challenges and projects - and the networking and career development opportunities that arise from engagement with industry - are therefore highly valuable and necessary components of the programme.

Industry engagement for all students includes:

■ a series of seminars and invited lectures from industry and water stakeholders during the first year postgraduate school;

■ regular Industry Days, where students present their research to water industry and practitioner stakeholders via poster and networking sessions;

■ engagement with Advisory Board members at Summer Schools, including presentations of PhD research project proposals and poster sessions displaying current research and preliminary results;

■ engagement with key professional organisations such as CIWEM, the Institute of Water (‘IoW’), British Hydrological Society (‘BHS’), UK Water Industry Research (‘UKWIR’), International Association for HydroEnvironment Engineering and Research (‘IAHR’), and the International Water Association (‘IWA’).

Several WISE CDT PhD projects have been co-developed in association with industry or practitioner partners. This ensures a route to impact and some real-world relevance to the project when it is delivered. As a result of occasions such as our Industry Days we have seen a growth in collaborative project development and - increasingly - internships and co-funding of projects. WISE has secured a number of industry co-funded studentships, including with Bristol Water, Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water, South West Water, United Utilities, UKWIR and Wessex Water. Collaborative projects may involve an industrial partner joining the supervisory team. Inkind contributions include collaborator staff time and advice, invited seminars, site visits, access to stakeholder data, opportunities for incompany or on-site trials, and access to facilities and infrastructure. Examples of collaborative projects are outlined below.

DŴR CYMRU WELSH WATER

Cohort 3 graduate Dr Sabrina Draude successfully defended her PhD thesis on ‘Optimised Maintenance Scheduling for Wastewater Systems’ in February 2022. Sabrina’s PhD project was developed with Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water and her supervisory team included the company’s Rebecca Hiscock. Sabrina benefited from working closely with Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water, where she was able to test and verify her model, even during the challenging circumstances of the Coronavirus pandemic. The PhD collaboration also resulted in co-authored publications. On completing her doctorate Sabrina obtained a post at Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water, where she works as a Water Data Scientist.

DELTARES

Oliver Foss (Bath, Cohort 5) is researching ‘Dynamic Revetments and Composite Beaches - Coastal Protection Inspired by Nature’. While Ollie’s PhD project is not a formal collaboration with the Deltares research institute, deepening links have been fostered with the development of his project - and with its modification due to the Coronavirus pandemic. As we go to press, Ollie is finishing a brief research visit to Deltares in the Netherlands, where he has been working with Dr Robert McCall on a thesis chapter focused on the application of the XBeach model to dynamic revetments. Dr McCall is an expert on coastal hazards and nearshore hydromorphodynamics. He has previously consulted on Ollie’s research and the aim of the research visit is to expedite work on this thesis chapter.

JBA CONSULTING

Bristol Cohort 5 student Georgios Sarailidis’ PhD research is on ‘Understanding and Estimating Uncertainty in Global Flood Risk Models’ and is a collaboration with JBA Consulting. Professor Rob Lamb, WISE CDT Advisory Board member and Managing Director of the JBA Trust, is George’s industry supervisor. George’s project uses the JBA Risk Management flood catastrophe model, which is capable of simulating risk at large scale. George has benefited from regular in-person and virtual meetings with JBA colleagues, which have included presentations and discussion on preliminary results, and have helped him determine a new experimental set-up for his uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. George presented his latest research to the 2022 EGU General Assembly.

UKWIR

Exeter Cohort 5 student Daisy Harley-Nyang’s PhD project is a collaboration with UKWIR. Daisy is researching ‘Microplastics in Wastewater Treatment Works’ and her supervisory team includes UKWIR project manager Nina Jones. Daisy’s project was heavily impacted during the pandemic, when access to both fieldwork sites and university facilities was restricted. However, the past year has seen Daisy resume her fieldwork and analysis, publish her first paper and present at her first international conference. Facilitated by UKWIR, a research visit to a commercial laboratory is planned to support Daisy in optimising her final-stage analytical work.

Research Visits

The universities of Bath, Bristol, Cardiff and Exeter have strong links with the international academic community, as well as with consulting engineering and IT companies, water companies, government departments, and agencies involved in managing and improving the water environment.

All WISE CDT students are strongly encouraged to undertake a research visit of up to three months as they develop their PhD project. Research visits are funded by the CDT, some with supplementary support from the host organisation or the British Council, and are made to either a UK-based industrial/government agency partner or an overseas academic institution. During their visit students work on their research under the guidance of their primary PhD supervisor, the supervisor at the host institution and experts in their research area. On their return, students write a report evidencing the impact and outcomes of their visit.

Research visits have enabled students to profit from research facilities or resources not available locally, to obtain new insights through working with a different research group and to create new networks. Personal benefits include experiencing life and work in a different culture, confidence-building and making new friends. WISE students’ programme evaluation forms consistently rate the research visit as one of the top three best parts of the CDT (along with the cohort experience and the opportunity to present work and engage with UK and international researchers).

The requirement for returning students to produce a formal research visit report was introduced in late 2018. All completed reports affirm that students consider their visit beneficial to both their research and to them personally, with the majority of visits also generating new links or furthering collaboration between the student’s home university and the host institution.

Three WISE CDT students were overseas on visits in early 2020 as the Coronavirus pandemic took hold. With travel restrictions being imposed, the students had to return home early. During the pandemic international travel was limited and some students were unable to undertake their planned research visit before their studentship ended. Throughout the pandemic WISE encouraged students to explore possibilities for local or virtual collaborations where international travel could not be pursued (although it was acknowledged that such alternatives could not replicate the ‘real’ experience for them).

Happily, since late 2021 our students have been able to benefit from research visits once more, albeit through shortened trips in some cases. WISE is grateful to our partners for hosting these research visits, as the benefits to students - both professionally and personally - are immense. To date, WISE CDT students have been hosted by the following institutions and supervisors:

The encouragement to take a research visit has been really valuable, to work with new people and extend the impact of my research has been such a gift. Again something that is not common in a PhD but makes the WISE CDT into a really wellrounded, multi-faceted experience.

Cohort 2 student

RESEARCH VISIT HOST INSTITUTION

HOST INSTITUTION SUPERVISOR

Dr Danielle Wain Centre of Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, UK Dr Cecilia Svensson Columbia University, New York, USA Prof Pierre Gentine Cornell University, Ithaca, USA Prof Patrick Reed Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands Prof Jan Peter van der Hoek Deltares / Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands Dr Robert McCall (two visits)

7 Lakes Alliance and Colby College, Maine, USA

European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, UK Dr Jean Bidlot Government of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia / The Pacific Community, Suva, Fiji Steve Barnett / Dr Carlos Ordens Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia Prof Rodger Tomlinson Großer Wellenkanal - Ludwig-Franzius-Institut, Leibnitz Universität Hanover / Technical Dr Stefan Schimmels Harvard University, Massachusetts, USA Prof Petros Koumoutsakos Hohai University, Nanjing, China Prof Yongping Chen Hohai University, Nanjing, China Prof Pei Xin International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria Dr Yoshihide Wada KWR Water Research Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands Dr Mirjam Blokker

Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Prof Yasuto Tachikawa Laval University, Quebec, Canada Prof Sebastien Houde Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany Dr Stefan Schimmels Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg Dr Stan Schymanski Nanjing Normal University/Hohai University, Nanjing, China Dr Qiang Dai / Dr Jing Huang National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India Dr Shanta Dutta National University of Science and Technology, Zimbabwe Dr Eugine Makaya National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore Prof Vladan Babovic San Diego State University, USA Prof Hilary McMillan Singapore Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Singapore Dr Jamie Hinks Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa Dr Wesaal Khan Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark Dr Ole Mark Texas A&M University, College Station, USA Prof Scott Socolofsky The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Dr Heide Friedrich Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Prof Binliang Lin (two visits) University College London, UK Dr Eugeny Buldakov University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain Prof José Anta Álvarez University of Arizona, Tucson, USA Prof Tom Meixner University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy Prof Alberto Montanari University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Dr Aaron Cahill University of California, Irvine, USA Prof Brett Sanders (two visits) University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand Prof Roger Nokes University of Iowa, Iowa, USA Prof Gabriele Villarini University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Prof Tim Fletcher University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Dr Murray Peel University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Prof Ian Turner University of Saskatchewan, Canmore, Canada Prof Martyn Clark University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Prof Bryan Tolson University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Prof Jan Seibert Washington State Department of Ecology, Washington, USA Dr George Kaminsky WaterHarvest, India Om Prakash Sharma Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Prof Junqiang Xia

Research visits completed over the past year are outlined below.

EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS, READING, UK

Cardiff Cohort 4 student Nefeli Makrygianni based herself at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (‘ECMWF’) in Reading, UK for her research visit. Nefeli’s industrial supervisor is Dr Jean Bidlot, Senior Scientist in ECMWF’s Earth System Modelling Section. Nefeli therefore took the opportunity to work closely with Dr Bidlot at ECMWF between October-December 2021, following a period of what she considered was slow progress with her PhD during the Coronavirus pandemic.

During her time at ECMWF Nefeli benefited from access to additional satellite data to validate her model results and refine her project analysis, which she incorporated into her thesis. Nefeli also started working on a journal paper.

Nefeli feels that being at ECMWF gave her valuable insight into the operation of a major research centre and enabled her to network and make new connections. The interactions during her research visit were also important personally, as they followed a period of social isolation due to the pandemic. In addition to the planned joint paper, it is envisaged that future collaborations between Cardiff University and ECMWF may follow due to the new contacts made.

HARVARD UNIVERSITY, MASSACHUSETTS, USA

Stephanie Müller (Cardiff, Cohort 4) travelled to the USA in OctoberDecember 2021 and was hosted by Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where she joined Professor Petros Koumoutsakos’ research group in the Institute for Applied Computational Science. Stephanie’s aim was to undertake computational research in order to

ascertain whether artificial intelligence techniques can be used to predict the hydrodynamic conditions determining a fish swimming position in the vicinity of a hydrokinetic turbine.

Stephanie benefited greatly from her time at Harvard and access to its facilities, learning new numerical approaches and developing a better understanding of turbulent wake structures downstream of a vertical axis turbine under confined flow conditions. She became an active member of Professor Koumoutsakos’ group, joining the laboratory’s journal club, taking part in weekly meetings, presenting her work and networking with other researchers.

On a personal level Stephanie relished the chance to experience student life at a world-leading American university. She also took the opportunity to immerse herself in local culture by visiting Boston and New York and through exploring the local area in her free time.

Stephanie considers that both Harvard and Cardiff universities gained benefits from her research visit, as experimental data was shared for validation purposes and to enhance computational approaches. The visit enhanced existing collaboration between the two institutions and will be continued: future joint journal or conference papers are envisaged.

GOVERNMENT OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA AND PACIFIC COMMUNITY

Exeter Cohort 4 student Jessica Penny travelled to both Australia and Fiji for her research visit in the summer of 2022. The Coronavirus pandemic had significantly disrupted Jess’ PhD project, including her case study sites, so key motivations for this visit were to obtain the required data from her eventual case study locations and to meet with local stakeholders. Additionally, Jess was keen to work with her industrial supervisors in person, rather than solely through online meetings.

In Adelaide Jess was hosted by Steve Barnett, Principal Hydrogeologist in the Government of South Australia’s Department for Environment and Water (‘DEW’). Jess presented her research findings to governmental and university personnel and conducted fieldwork, including interviewing local farmers and water allocators. This information exchange enhanced Jess’ understanding of changes in groundwater use over time, the impact of climate change on sites and the extent and impact of land use change - all of which has helped to refine her PhD thesis.

In Suva, Fiji Jess worked with Dr Carlos Ordens, Hydrogeologist with the Pacific Community’s Geoscience, Energy and Maritime Division. In addition to working closely with Dr Ordens, Jess met with local people to learn first-hand about land use change, current challenges and a nature-based solution to combat coastal flooding. Jess observed that this was ‘a very humbling experience’. Jess feels she benefited greatly from the in-person contact with her industrial supervisors, their groups and local stakeholders. She has already produced one paper and has a second in progress. Jess’ hosts also appreciated her visit, commenting that it demonstrated ‘the type of research that can be done to help improve land use change and water management’.

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHOLERA AND ENTERIC DISEASES, KOLKATA, INDIA

Kolkata in India was the destination for Exeter Cohort 4 student Deborah Shackleton in June-July 2022. Debbie’s research visit was hosted by the National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (‘NICED’) under the supervision of Dr Shanta Dutta. Debbie’s PhD research focuses on ‘Mathematical Modelling for the Effects of Climate Change on Cholera in the Bengal Delta’ and a key aim of her visit was to work on a modelling chapter for her thesis.

Debbie was given access to NICED datasets, including vital cholera datasets that are difficult to get hold of through other means. She worked from an NICED office, so benefited from frequent meetings with colleagues, who also advised on local practices. In return for her hosts’ amazing hospitality, Debbie delivered a lecture on ‘Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases’. Away from the office Debbie toured sewage and drinking water sites and met with a local medical charity in order to better understand water and sanitation practices in slum areas and their potential impacts on cholera transmission.

Debbie considers that her experience of life in a major developing country has been invaluable, both personally and professionally. In addition to producing a co-authored paper, Debbie has been invited to present at a NICED-organised conference. She believes that both the University of Exeter and NICED have profited from her research visit and that there is the real potential for ongoing collaboration, which will benefit both organisations.

7 LAKES ALLIANCE AND COLBY COLLEGE, MAINE, USA

Bath Cohort 5 student James Rand made the most of his brief research visit to the USA in June 2022. James was hosted by the 7 Lakes Alliance and Colby College in Maine. Working with a group of summer research students, James spent a month conducting experiments, learning the practical craft of lake science and meeting up with different research groups.

In addition to his core experimental work, James carried out water quality monitoring and follow-up laboratory work, which enhanced his theoretical understanding and put his knowledge into practice. He benefited greatly from discussions with a wide range of lake scientists, oceanographers and citizen scientist volunteers and he established contacts with the Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences. James also collected sufficient data to write his second journal paper.

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, NEW YORK, USA

Bristol Cohort 5 student Daniel Power had an invaluable research visit to Columbia University in New York, USA over the summer of 2022. Dan was hosted by Professor Pierre Gentine in the Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering.

Dan’s PhD is focused on ‘Increasing our Understanding of Land-Atmosphere Interactions using Cosmic-Ray Neutron Soil Moisture Sensors and Machine Learning’. Dan relished his time with the Gentine Lab Group, taking the opportunity to participate in weekly meetings, present his research, utilise unpublished data and collaborate with other researchers. Working with the cross-disciplinary group demonstrated that there are many ways to approach machine learning research in the earth sciences and that the choice of method - and the pitfalls - are often universal. Dan is already working on new academic papers as a result of his visit, and he plans to present at AGU in late 2022.

Dan assessed his research visit as a ‘great experience’, which energised him after the challenges of working on a PhD during a pandemic. From a personal perspective Dan made new friends and connections and took every opportunity to explore New York City and neighbouring areas during his free time.

Dan considers that his research visit has benefited both the University of Bristol and Columbia University and he envisages that collaborations between the two institutions will continue.

In his free time James explored several Maine coastal villages, visited historical sites, fished on the lakes and walked part of the Appalachian Trail.

Reflecting on his experience, James considers that being able to discuss his research with diverse groups of people - including being challenged on certain aspects - was invaluable. James also took the opportunity to make new contacts for possible future research collaborations.

Outreach

One of EPSRC’s key objectives is to "generate public awareness; communicate research outcomes; encourage public engagement and dialogue; and disseminate knowledge".

EPSRC therefore expects and encourages its researchers to engage with the public. The WISE CDT has done this in a variety of ways, with the aim of both stimulating interest and educating. Public outreach activities require students to develop their communication skills in order to disseminate their research in a way that everyone can understand. Students also find these experiences enjoyable and wholly worthwhile. Some recent outreach activities are described below.

RATLAB: AN INTERACTIVE SHOW ABOUT BIOMECHANICS

In July 2021, James Rand (Bath, Cohort 5) joined a new initiative called ‘RATLab’, a pop-up interactive show about biomechanics, aimed at 7-11 year olds. Several in-person training sessions for the engineers took place over the summer, in preparation for the new school year and in conjunction with the easing of Coronavirus restrictions. These were designed to encourage the engineers to explore alternative methods of public engagement, primarily through acting and puppetry. Equipped with their inflatable pop-up theatre, the ‘lab’ started touring local primary schools in September, to showcase their unique and fun puppet show.

RATLab is a partnership between Green Ginger and the University of Bath, with funding from the Royal Academy of Engineering, and is designed to challenge negative associations with engineering and re-frame it as an exciting study and career path.

ENGAGING CHILDREN THROUGH SOUNDART RADIO

On 12 April 2022, Exeter Cohort 5 student Daisy Harley-Nyang and peers from the University’s Biosciences Department spent time away from their desks to chat with local school children about their research, in partnership with Soundart Radio. Topics ranged from beach cleans and microplastics, to basking sharks and even plasticfree croissants, with some sound advice from one young person in particular – “think about what you are buying”.

…AND A LITTER PICK

Daisy has also used her weekends to engage in outreach. As part of her local library’s Fun Palaces event on 1 October 2022, Daisy took a group on a litter pick around South Molton, collecting an impressive amount of items in a short time. Daisy made sure her

group took a scientific approach to the task, by taking photographs and recording and classifying everything.

Daisy’s PhD research is on ‘Microplastics in Wastewater Treatment Works’. She is supervised by Professors Fayyaz Memon and Tamara Galloway OBE in collaboration with Nina Jones from UKWIR.

FUTURES 2022: A FESTIVAL OF DISCOVERY

Bath Cohort 5 student James Rand’s latest outreach activities were at FUTURES 2022. FUTURES, a free ‘festival of discovery’, is a public engagement collaboration between the universities of Bath, Bristol, Exeter, Bath Spa and Plymouth and takes place at venues throughout the region in late September. The festival aims to bring science, culture and research together to create a memorable experience for visitors. James was based in Bristol on the historic ship SS Great Britain, where he engaged with both school groups and families to make his research on ‘Micro Underwater Vehicles for Autonomous Lake Inspection’ accessible to all ages. James’ essential props were an ecoSUB prototype underwater glider and fake poo!

Conferences

WISE CDT students have the chance to attend and present at a range of UK and overseas conferences. This offers fantastic networking opportunities and valuable preparation for future careers.

Sizeable groups of students and academics have presented at significant international conferences over the past year. The easing of Coronavirus restrictions has allowed students to travel and participate in person once again - with some going to only their first conference. Information on recent key conferences is detailed below.

THE GENETIC AND EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION CONFERENCE

The Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (‘GECCO 21’) took place online from 10-14 July 2021 and was attended by Sabrina Draude (Exeter, Cohort 3). Sabrina’s virtual poster was entitled ‘Wastewater Systems Planned Maintenance Scheduling using Multi-Objective Optimisation’.

9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ENVIRONMENTAL HYDRAULICS

In July 2021, the 9th International Symposium on Environmental Hydraulics (‘ISEH’) was held at Seoul National University in South Korea (and online) under the theme of ‘Advances in HydroEnvironments for an Era of Big Change’. This conference brought together researchers from all aspects of applied hydraulic flowsatmosphere, oceans, engineering and science - including Stephanie Müller (Cardiff, Cohort 4). Stephanie gave a virtual presentation on her PhD research on ‘Fish Swimming Behaviour and Kinematics in the Wake of a Vertical Axis Turbine’. Stephanie was also awarded the conference’s Best Paper Award – see page 44 for further details.

AQUA≈360: WATER FOR ALL - EMERGING ISSUES AND INNOVATIONS

The University of Exeter’s Centre for Water Systems was proud to host the AQUA≈360: Water for All - Emerging Issues and Innovations international conference from 31 August to 2 September 2021. This virtual event was co-organised by WISE PhD supervisors Professor Fayyaz Memon and Professor Albert Chen with CDT Director Professor David Butler. Key themes spanned water quality, water quantity, water treatment, wastewater treatment, and water and wastewater infrastructure.

Several Exeter WISE students took part in AQUA≈360, with presentations from Jessica Penny (Cohort 4), and Arran CooperDavis and William Addison-Atkinson (both Cohort 5). Student organising committee members included Paul Wills (Cohort 3) and Deborah Shackleton (Cohort 4). WISE Programme Management Group members Professor Raziyeh Farmani, Dr Tom Arnot, Professor Slobodan Djordjević and Professor Reza Ahmadian, plus PhD supervisor Professor Guangtao Fu, all chaired parallel sessions.

2ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WATER SYSTEM OPERATIONS

The 2nd International Symposium on Water System Operations took place online from 1-3 September 2021, having been postponed by a year due to the Coronavirus pandemic. The conference brought together researchers and practitioners in the field of monitoring, modelling and optimisation of water systems operations for a mix of invited talks, panel discussions and interactive sessions. WISE CDT student Elisa Coraggio (Bristol, Cohort 4) attended and presented her PhD research on ‘Investigating Water Quality Sampling Frequency in Urban Surface Freshwater’

NORTH AMERICAN LAKE MANAGEMENT SOCIETY 2021 VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM

In November 2021, Bath Cohort 5 student James Rand participated in the North American Lake Management Society (‘NALMS’) 2021 Virtual Symposium. Under the theme of ‘Valuing Water: Economics, Ecology, & Culture’, participants networked with some of the most knowledgeable leaders in lake and watershed information and technology via a blend of synchronous and asynchronous content. James presented his PhD research as a pre-recorded oral presentation, followed by a live Q&A session. His presentation was entitled ‘Manually Collected Data from Lake Water Quality Sampling Programmes May Contain Significant Weather Biases’.

BI-NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE INTERSECTION OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND WATER, AGRICULTURE AND ECONOMICS

In November 2021, Exeter Cohort 4 student Jessica Penny presented her research at the Bi-national Conference on the Intersection of Climate Change and Water, Agriculture and Economics. This is a UK-Mexico conversation aimed at promoting bilateral co-operation in the fight against climate change.

WISE Programme Management Group member Professor Raziyeh Farmani and PhD supervisors Professor Albert Chen and Professor Akbar Javadi also participated in this event.

SOCIETY OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY EUROPE 32ND ANNUAL MEETING

Exeter Cohort 5 student Daisy Harley-Nyang enjoyed her very first conference at the 32nd Annual Meeting of The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (‘SETAC’) in Copenhagen, Denmark in May 2022. Daisy was able to engage with other scientists working in the microplastics field and share her PhD research. Her poster presentation was entitled ‘Investigation and Analysis of Microplastics in Sewage Sludge and Biosolids: A Case Study from One Wastewater Treatment Works in the UK’.

EGU GENERAL ASSEMBLY 2022

The 2022 EGU General Assembly made its much anticipated inperson return, taking place in Vienna, Austria from 23-27 May. As usual, the WISE CDT was well represented, with participants including Bristol students Elisa Coraggio and Georgios Sarailidis, plus graduates Dr Barnaby Dobson, Dr Sebastian Gnann, Dr Simbi Hatchard, Dr Laurence Hawker, Dr Wouter Knoben, Dr Lina Stein (all Bristol), Dr Laura Ramsamy (Exeter) and Dr Ioanna Stamataki (Bath). Bristol WISE CDT Co-Director Dr Ross Woods and CoInvestigator Dr Rafael Rosolem also took part.

Georgios’ EGU 2022 conference presentation illustrates the strong links between the WISE CDT and industry partners. His presentation explored the importance of input uncertainty and sensitivity analysis in flood modelling for flood risk estimation and was produced as part of collaboration with JBA Risk Management, JBA Trust and the University of Potsdam.

39TH INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR HYDRO-ENVIRONMENT ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH WORLD CONGRESS

In June 2022, Cardiff Cohort 5 students Nicolas Hanousek, Samuel Rowley and Santiago Martelo Lopez experienced their first in-person conference in Granada, Spain at the 39th International Association for Hydro-environment Engineering and Research (‘IAHR’) World Congress. IAHR is the largest conference on hydraulics, with this year’s theme ‘From Snow to Sea’ focusing on the importance of the water cycle in addressing present and future global water challenges.

I had an amazing time at the IAHR 2022 World Congress in Granada… Additionally, the weather and food in Granada was fantastic. All in all the conference was a big success.

Sam Rowley, Cardiff University (Cohort 5)

Nick gave an oral presentation on ‘Assessing the Sensitivity of Tidal Range Energy Models to Water Level Accuracy’, whilst Sam presented on ‘InChannel Natural Flood Management Approach to Flood Risk Management: Modelling Applications on a Small Catchment in the UK’. Santi presented two papers: ‘Computational Modelling of Coastal Flooding in Torquay due to Wave-Overtopping’ and ‘Large Eddy Simulation of Two Phase Over Different Cylinder Configurations’.

Nick was also awarded 3rd place in the John F. Kennedy Student Paper Competition - see page 45 for further details.

The conference experience was excellent, with the city of Granada offering vast amounts of scenery, good food, tapas, and culture. I am very glad to have gotten the opportunity to meet so many interesting and impressive people at the Congress having made friends and connections I hope to hold on to going forward, perhaps we will all see each other next year in Vienna!

Nick Hanousek, Cardiff University (Cohort 5)

14TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYDROINFORMATICS

Exeter Cohort 5 student William Addison-Atkinson presented his PhD research at the 14th International Conference on Hydroinformatics (‘HIC’), in Romania, Bucharest from 4-8 July 2022. Will’s presentation was entitled ‘A Stochastic Sewer Model to Quantify Health Risks to Residents from Sewer Flooding with Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment’.

WISE Programme Management Group member Professor Raziyeh Farmani and PhD supervisor Professor Albert Chen also presented and co-chaired several parallel sessions.

2ND WDSA-CCWI JOINT CONFERENCE

In July 2022, the 2nd International Joint Conference in Water Distribution Systems Analysis & Computing and Control in the Water Industry (‘WDSA-CCWI’) took place in Valencia, Spain and brought together industry professionals and researchers from around the world under the theme of ‘Smart Water and Circular Economy’. Exeter students Vasileios Koukoravas (Cohort 4) and William Addison-Atkinson (Cohort 5) both presented their research, with Vasilis also competing in the conference’s 9th ‘battle’, where competitors were challenged to find the best solution to an intermittent water supply system.

WISE Programme Management Group members Professor Raziyeh Farmani and Professor Dragan Savić also took part, chairing several parallel sessions. In addition, Professor Farmani gave a keynote lecture on ‘Intermittent Water Supply Systems: Challenges, Opportunities and Solutions’.

DŴR CYMRU WELSH WATER INNOVATION EVENT 2022

Bath students David Birt (Cohort 4) and James Rand (Cohort 5) submitted research posters as part of Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water’s 2022 Innovation Event. These events focus on building collaborations and partnerships in order to deliver both immediate innovation needs and longer term goals. The 2022 virtual conference involved presentations, Q&A sessions, workshops and posters.

Placements, Fieldwork, Seminars and Workshops

The WISE CDT’s philosophy of ‘guided freedom’ allows students to take part in a wide range of courses, events and activities, which help them gain valuable skills, explore new ideas and methodologies and meet new contacts from both industry and other academic institutions.

Some projects involve a considerable amount of fieldwork and practical experimentation, which also develop new skills and connections. WISE has additionally supported initiatives such as UKRI’s Policy Internship Scheme, with two students having completed rewarding and enjoyable placements with influential policy organisations. Below are some examples of recent placements, seminars, workshops and fieldwork.

EMHP WASTEWATER MONITORING PROGRAMME PLACEMENT

Upon completion of her PhD in early 2021, Bristol WISE CDT graduate Dr Anna Lo Jacomo spent 6 months working on the Environmental Monitoring for Health Protection (‘EMHP’) wastewater monitoring programme, led by the Joint Biosecurity Centre. This programme aimed to help identify the prevalence of Coronavirus in England, via wastewater sampling.

Anna used her experience in data analysis to extract information from over 200 wastewater treatment plants across England, with her findings helping to inform national strategy, localised action and future public health action. Anna also contributed to the analysis and writing of two research articles, one focusing on the uncertainty and variability of COVID-19 wastewater monitoring and the second on the use of machine learning in the analysis of wastewater data.

Anna considered this placement to be a great experience and particularly enjoyed working with a diverse research teamencompassing epidemiology, water engineering, mathematics, computer science, neuroscience and even astrophysics. The group found that a good dose of humour was critical to working as a remote team. For example, whilst brainstorming ways in which to achieve a clearer viral signal from wastewater, one team member advocated for more synchronised toilet use, with a one-letter variation to the ‘Clap for the NHS’ slogan!

27TH WAVES IN SHALLOW WATER ENVIRONMENT MEETING

In September 2021, Nefeli Makrygianni (Cardiff, Cohort 4) travelled to Bergen in Norway to participate in the 27th Waves In Shallow Water Environment Meeting (another ‘WISE’!). This annual meeting aims to enhance the knowledge and understanding of the physical processes involved in wave development and evolution from basin scale to the nearshore coastal environment. It is also a forum for participants to present and discuss novel techniques aimed at improving the numerics and reliability of wave models. The meeting does not require written proceedings, with the aim of enabling participants to freely present and discuss their latest results.

MICROPLASTICS SAMPLING: IN SOIL, SEWAGE SLUDGE AND

BIOSOLIDS

Throughout the 2021-22 academic year, Daisy Harley-Nyang (Exeter, Cohort 5) has been out-in-the-field, collecting data for her PhD project on ‘Microplastics in Wastewater Treatments Works’ This has involved taking samples of soil (with the help of her 5-year old son, who proved to be a great field assistant!), as well as sewage sludge and biosolids from a local wastewater treatment works, to determine the presence of microplastics in the terrestrial environment. The data Daisy has gathered has led to several ‘firsts’, including a journal article published in ‘Science of the Total Environment’ and her inaugural in-person conference in Copenhagen, Denmark – further details on page 40.

BLAGDON RESERVOIR FIELD EXPERIMENTS

In May 2022, Bath students Jack Waterhouse (Cohort 3), David Birt (Cohort 4) and James Rand (Cohort 5) were able to leave their desks to conduct a range of field experiments at Blagdon Reservoir in Somerset, all under the watchful eye of their joint supervisor Dr Lee Bryant.

In particular, two thermistor chains and a weather station - which had been deployed the previous year and had somehow survived despite being used as a mooring by fishermen (!) - were successfully retrieved, cleaned and re-deployed. Jack and David are now using this data to inform their lake models.

‘ENRICH 2’ TECHNICAL DISSEMINATION WORKSHOP

In April 2022, Jessica Penny (Exeter, Cohort 4) presented her research at the ‘ENRICH 2’ final technical dissemination workshop in front of a virtual audience of ninety-five participants, spanning government departments, universities, and research and international organisations.

The NERC-funded ENRICH 2 project has been a collaboration between the University of Exeter, led by WISE CDT CoInvestigator Professor Slobodan Djordjević, and the Asian Institute of Technology (‘AIT’). The project aimed to extend the scope of the earlier ‘ENRICH 1’ project (which focused on drought) to include flooding, as this is an equally critical hydro-meteorological extreme facing South East Asia and beyond. Jess’ WISE CDT PhD has been aligned with both ENRICH projects: she is researching the impact of land-use changes on hydrological regimes, specifically in relation to the Mun River Basin in Thailand.

In addition, several sediment traps were deployed on behalf of Sally Pearl (Cohort 5) and will be used to monitor the rate at which manganese is being deposited. The team plan to return to the reservoir every few months to empty and analyse the data from the traps. Meanwhile, James used the opportunity of being at Blagdon Reservoir to take some EXO Sonde (water quality monitoring platform) profiles in order to obtain additional data for his model.

Prizes, Awards and Achievements

The WISE CDT has deliberately incorporated an element of competition within the programme, setting both group and individual challenges. These have included ‘best poster’ and ‘best presentation’ competitions, as well as varied Summer School group challenges, often in association with industry partners. In going on to submit papers or posters to journals and conferences, students are also exposed to competition at a national or international level. WISE is proud to celebrate the many and varied achievements of our students and graduates, as detailed below.

ISEH 2021 BEST PAPER AWARD: STEPHANIE MÜLLER

Stephanie Müller (Cardiff, Cohort 4) won Best Paper Award at the 9th International Symposium on Environmental Hydraulics in July 2021, for her “outstanding” extended abstract on ‘Fish Swimming Behaviour and Kinematics in the Wake of a Vertical Axis Turbine’.

This abstract resulted from a multidisciplinary research project involving Dr Valentine Muhawenimana, Dr Catherine Wilson, Professor Jo Cable and Guglielmo Sonnino Sorisio (all Cardiff University), and Dr Pablo Ouro (University of Manchester) and investigated the impact of a single vertical-axis turbine on wake hydrodynamics and fish movement using scaled, laboratory experiments.

UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL 2021 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION PRIZE: SEBASTIAN GNANN

In November 2021, Bristol graduate Dr Sebastian Gnann (Cohort 3) was awarded a Doctoral Dissertation Prize for his PhD thesis: ‘Baseflow Generation at the Catchment Scale – An Investigation using Comparative Hydrology’. The University of Bristol’s Research Degrees Examination Board awards an annual prize for outstanding excellence within each faculty. The six winners for 2021 were picked from a pool of 510 submissions, with Seb winning the Faculty of Engineering prize.

WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH 2020 EDITORS’ CHOICE AWARD: WOUTER KNOBEN

Announced in December 2021, Bristol graduate Dr Wouter Knoben (Cohort 1) was the recipient of the Water Resources Research 2020 Editors’ Choice Award for his final PhD paper on ‘A Brief Analysis of Conceptual Model Structure Uncertainty using 36 Models & 559 Catchments’. Wouter now works as a Research Associate at the University of Saskatchewan in Canada.

NALMS KENNETH H. RECKHOW STUDENT SCHOLARSHIP: JAMES RAND

In December 2021, James Rand (Bath, Cohort 5) was awarded a Kenneth H. Reckhow Student Scholarship by the North American Lake Management Society (‘NALMS’); a non-profit organisation focusing on the management and protection of lakes and reservoirs. James was one of the first-ever recipients of this scholarship, awarded to graduate students to support their research.

IAHR JOHN F. KENNEDY STUDENT PAPER COMPETITION 3RD PLACE: NICOLAS HANOUSEK

Cardiff Cohort 5 student Nicolas Hanousek was awarded 3rd place in the John F. Kennedy Student Paper Competition at the 39th IAHR World Congress, held in June 2022. This biennial award was established in memory of Professor John F. Kennedy, former IAHR President, who is particularly remembered for his efforts to foster younger-member membership and participation.

Nick was one of twelve finalists, shortlisted from a total of ninety-one applicants, who presented their work at a special Congress session and were all acknowledged by the jury for their achievements. Nick’s winning paper was entitled ‘Assessing the Sensitivity of Tidal Range Energy Models to Water Level Accuracy’.

UNIVERSITY OF EXETER 2022 STUDENT EMPLOYEE OF THE YEAR NOMINEE: CRISTINA COKER

The University of Exeter’s Student Employee of the Year award aims to recognise and celebrate students who successfully combine study with part-time or temporary work. Cohort 5 student Cristina Coker was nominated under the 2022 ‘Community’ award category for improving community engagement.

Research Outputs: Theses

PHD AWARDS

Dr Simbi Hatchard

Modelling the Viability of Small Hydroelectric Power on the Zambezi Basin

University of Bristol

Dr Laura Ramsamy

Flood Forecasting in a Large Catchment with Limited Data

University of Exeter

Dr Mikkel Bue Lykkegaard

Multilevel Delayed Acceptance MCMC with Applications to Hydrogeological Inverse Problems

University of Exeter, August 2022

Download thesis

Dr Stephanie Müller

Impact of Leaky Barriers and Hydrokinetic Turbines on Channel

Hydrodynamics and Fish Movement

Cardiff University, July 2022

Download thesis

Dr Nefeli Makrygianni

Evaluation of the Performance of the Wave Boundary Layer Model with the OpenIFS

Cardiff University, July 2022

Download thesis

Dr Sabrina Draude

Optimised Maintenance Scheduling for Wastewater Systems

University of Exeter, May 2022

Download thesis

Dr Giulia Giani

On the Objective Characterization of the Rainfall-Runoff Transformation University of Bristol, March 2022 Download thesis

Dr Andrew Barnes

Machine Learning Methods for the Analysis of Precipitation Patterns University of Bath, March 2022 Download thesis

Dr Giovanni Musolino

Flood Modelling and Hazard Assessment for Extreme Events in Riverine Basins

Cardiff University, January 2022 Download thesis

Dr Arthur Hajaali

Flow Separation Characteristics within Rectangular and Conical Diffusers

Cardiff University, January 2022 Download thesis

Dr Charles West Investigating Groundwater Recharge and Dynamics at Continental Scales using Comparative Hydrology University of Bristol, December 2021 Download thesis

Dr Eirini Nikoloudi

Event Management and Event Response Planning for Smart Water Networks

University of Exeter, October 2021 Download thesis

Dr Alex Stubbs

The Physical and Numerical Representation of Turbulent Flow over a Porous Riverbed

Cardiff University, September 2021 Download thesis

Dr Dolores Gonzalez Olias

Self-Powered Biosensors for Water Quality Monitoring: Sensor Development and Signal Treatment University of Bath, July 2021 Download thesis

Dr Lina Stein

Using Hydrological Process Knowledge to Assess Flood Generation and Changes on a Global Scale University of Bristol, June 2021 Download thesis

Dr Sebastian Gnann

Baseflow Generation at the Catchment Scale – An Investigation using Comparative Hydrology University of Bristol, June 2021 Download thesis

Dr Elli Mitrou

Large-Eddy Simulations of Multi-Phase Plumes in Crossflow and Stratified Flow Cardiff University, May 2021 Download thesis

Dr Cain Moylan

Sensitivity, Uncertainty and Refinement of a Global Flood Model University of Bristol, May 2021 Download thesis

Dr Stephen Clee

3D Hydrodynamic and Morphodynamic Modelling of Offshore Sandbanks Cardiff University, May 2021 Download thesis

Dr Anna Lo Jacomo

Multi-Hazard Exposure of Cities and Implications for Urban Infrastructure University of Bristol, January 2021 Download thesis

Dr Rosanna Lane

National-Scale Hydrological Modelling of High Flows Across Great Britain: Multi-Model Structures, Regionalisation Approaches and Climate Change Analysis with Uncertainty University of Bristol, January 2021

Download thesis

Dr Stamatis Batelis

The Impact of Groundwater Representation in Land Surface Models under Current and Future Scenarios in Great Britain

University of Bristol, January 2021 Download thesis

Dr Paul Bayle

Coastal Protection and Nearshore Evolution under Sea Level Rise University of Bath, October 2020 Download thesis

Dr Olivia Bailey

Sewer Systems of the Future: Developing a Stochastic Sewer Model to Support Design of Sustainable Wastewater Systems University of Bath, September 2020 Download thesis

Dr Olivia Cooke

Assessment and Mitigation of Stormwater Runoff in an Informal Settlement University of Bath, July 2020

Download thesis

Dr Ioanna Stamataki

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Flash Floods and their Interaction with Urban Settlements University of Bath, June 2020 Download thesis

Dr Olivia Milton-Thompson

Developing a Risk Assessment Model using Fuzzy Logic to Assess Groundwater Contamination from Hydraulic Fracturing University of Exeter, March 2020 Download thesis

Dr Ludovica Beltrame

Simulating the Risk of Liver Fluke Infection in the UK through Mechanistic Hydro-Epidemiological Modelling University of Bristol, January 2020

Download thesis

Dr Maria Xenochristou

Water Demand Forecasting using Machine Learning on Weather and Smart Metering Data University of Exeter, November 2019 Download thesis

Dr Nejc Coz

Numerical and Experimental Modelling of Tidal Range Structures with Focus on Conservation of Momentum through Hydraulic Structures

Cardiff University, October 2019 Download thesis

Dr Jonathan King

Investigation and Prediction of Pollution in Coastal and Estuarine Waters, using Experimental and Numerical Methods Cardiff University, October 2019 Download thesis

Dr Laurence Hawker

Regional Flood Models and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Uncertainty

University of Bristol, June 2019 Download thesis

Dr Wouter Knoben

Investigating Conceptual Model Structure Uncertainty: Progress in Large-Sample Comparative Hydrology University of Bristol, June 2019 Download thesis

Dr Mariano Marinari

Quantification and Valorisation of Agricultural Bioresource Residues in England

University of Bath, May 2019

Download thesis

Dr James Webber

Reliable and Resilient Surface Water Management through Rapid Scenario Screening

University of Exeter, April 2019

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Dr Barnaby Dobson

Uncertainty in Modelling and Optimising Operations of Reservoir Systems

University of Bristol, March 2019

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Dr Joshua Myrans

Automated Analysis of Sewer CCTV Surveys University of Exeter, March 2019

Download thesis

MPHIL AWARDS

Aidan Barry

Identification and Characterisation of Luxury Uptake Proteins in Chlamydomonas for Enhanced Wastewater Phosphorus Removal University of Bath

Research Outputs: Publications

2022

Title: Ground Truthing Global-Scale Model Estimates of Groundwater Recharge Across Africa

Authors: Charles West, Robert Reinecke, Rafael Rosolem, Alan M. MacDonald, Mark O. Cuthbert, Thorsten Wagener

Source: Science of The Total Environment DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159765

Published: 26 OCTOBER 2022

Title: Integrating Scientific Knowledge into Machine Learning using Interactive Decision Trees

Authors: Georgios Sarailidis, Thorsten Wagener and Francesca Pianosi

Source: Computers & Geosciences

DOI: 10.1016/j.cageo.2022.105248

Published: 15 OCTOBER 2022

Title: Wave Runup on Composite Beaches and Dynamic Cobble Berm Revetments

Authors: C.E. Blenkinsopp, P.M. Bayle, K. Martins, O.W. Foss, L.-P. Almeida, G.M. Kaminsky, S. Schimmels, H. Matsumoto

Source: Coastal Engineering DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2022.104148

Published: SEPTEMBER 2022

Title: Understanding Process Controls on Groundwater Recharge Variability across Africa through Recharge Landscapes

Authors: Charles West, Rafael Rosolem, Alan M. MacDonald, Mark O. Cuthbert, Thorsten Wagener

Source: Journal of Hydrology DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2022.104148

Published: SEPTEMBER 2022

Title: Modelling Urban Sewer Flooding and Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment: A Critical Review

Authors: William Addison-Atkinson, Albert S. Chen, Fayyaz A. Memon, Tsang-Jung Chang

Source: Journal of Flood Risk Management DOI: 10.1111/jfr3.12844

Published: 09 AUGUST 2022

Title: Heuristic-Based Approach for Near-Optimal Response to Water Distribution Network Failures in Near Real Time

Authors: Eirini Nikoloudi, Michele Romano, Fayyaz Ali Memon and Zoran Kapelan

Source: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001582

Published: AUGUST 2022

Title: An Inertial Mechanism behind Dynamic Station Holding by Fish Swinging in a Vortex Street

Authors: Tucker Harvey, S., Muhawenimana, V., Müller, S., Wilson, C. A. M. E., and Denissenko, P.

Source: Scientific Reports DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16181-8

Published: 25 JULY 2022

Title: Microbubble-Microplastic Interactions in Batch Air Flotation

Authors: Bert Swart, Arto Pihlajamäki, Y.M. John Chew, Jannis Wenk

Source: Chemical Engineering Journal DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2022.137866

Published: 2022

Title: Are Moments of Rainfall Spatial Variability Useful for Runoff Modelling in Operational Hydrology?

Authors: Giulia Giani, Miguel Rico-Ramirez & Ross A. Woods

Source: Hydrological Sciences Journal DOI: 10.1080/02626667.2022.2092405

Published: 2022

Title: Evaluation of Reanalysis Soil Moisture Products using Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensor Observations across the Globe

Authors: Yanchen Zheng, Gemma Coxon, Ross Woods, Daniel Power, and Rafael Rosolem

Source: EGU General Assembly 2022 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-3206

Published: 2022

Title: Towards the Establishment of a Global Cosmic-Ray Soil Moisture Observing System

Authors: Rafael Rosolem, Daniel Power, Miguel Rico-Ramirez, John Patrick Stowell, David McJannet, Martin Schrön, and Heye Bogena

Source: EGU General Assembly 2022 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-7102

Published: 2022

Title: Large Scale Evaluation of Relationships between Hydrologic Signatures and Processes

Authors: Hilary K. McMillan, Sebastian J. Gnann, Ryoko Araki Source: Water Resources Research

DOI: 10.1029/2021WR031751

Published: 23 May 2022

Title: Linking the Relative Importance of Input Uncertainties of a Flood Risk Model with Basin Characteristics

Authors: Sarailidis, G., Pianosi, F., Wagener, T., Lamb, R., Styles, K., and Hutchings, S.

Source: EGU General Assembly 2022 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-3122

Published: 2022

Title: Hydropower Portfolio Site and Design using a Simulation – Optimisation Model Incorporating High Resolution Hydraulic Modelling in Data Scarce Regions

Authors: Hatchard, S., Schmitt, R. J. P., Pianosi, F., Savage, J., and Bates, P.

Source: EGU General Assembly 2022 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-8044

Published: 2022

Title: Determination of the Optimum Sampling Frequency for Water Quality Monitoring Schemes

Authors: Coraggio, E., Han, D., Gronow, C., and Tryfonas, T.

Source: EGU General Assembly 2022 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-11307

Published: 2022

Title: Where to Drill Next? A Dual-Weighted Approach to Adaptive Optimal Design of Groundwater Surveys

Authors: Mikkel B. Lykkegaard, Tim J. Dodwell

Source: Advances in Water Resources DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2022.104219

Published: 18 MAY 2022

Title: Multi-Objective Optimisation of Sewer Maintenance Scheduling

Authors: Sabrina Draude, Ed Keedwell, Zoran Kapelan, Rebecca Hiscock

Source:  Journal of Hydroinformatics DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2022.149

Published: 06 MAY 2022

Title: Video Based Convolutional Neural Networks Forecasting for Rainfall Forecasting

Authors: Andrew P Barnes, Thomas R Kjeldsen, Nick McCullen

Source: IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters DOI: 10.1109/LGRS.2022.3167456

Published: 14 APRIL 2022

Title: Flow Separation Dynamics in Three-Dimensional Asymmetric Diffusers

Authors: Arthur Hajaali & Thorsten Stoesser

Source: Flow, Turbulence and Combustion DOI: 10.1007/s10494-021-00307-5

Published: 2022

Title: The Human Factor: Weather Bias in Manual Lake Water Quality Monitoring

Authors: James M. Rand, Mirjam O. Nanko, Mikkel B. Lykkegaard, Danielle Wain, Whitney King, Lee D. Bryant, Alan Hunter

Source: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods DOI: 10.1002/lom3.10488

Published: 31 MARCH 2022

Title: Investigation and Analysis of Microplastics in Sewage Sludge and Biosolids: A Case Study from One Wastewater Treatment Works in the UK

Authors: Daisy Harley-Nyang, Fayyaz Ali Memon, Nina Jones, Tamara Galloway

Source: Science of The Total Environment DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153735

Published: 2022

Title: Enhancing Pedestrian Evacuation Routes during Flood Events

Authors: Musolino, G, Ahmadian, R & Xia, J

Source: Natural Hazards DOI: 10.1007/s11069-022-05251-9

Published: 19 FEBRUARY 2022

Title: COSMOS-Europe: A European Network of Cosmic-Ray Neutron Soil Moisture Sensors

Authors: Heye Reemt Bogena et al; contributors include Daniel

Power

Source: Earth System Science Data DOI: 10.5194/essd-14-1125-2022

Published: 2022

Title: Water Quality Sampling Frequency Analysis of Surface Freshwater: A Case Study on Bristol Floating Harbour

Authors: Elisa Coraggio, Dawei Han, Claire Gronow and Theo Tryfonas

Source: Frontiers in Sustainable Cities DOI: 10.3389/frsc.2021.791595

Published: 31 JANUARY 2022

Title: An Objective Time-Series-Analysis Method for Rainfall-Runoff Event Identification

Authors: G. Giani, L. Tarasova, R. A. Woods, M. A. RicoRamirez

Source: Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2021WR031283

Published: 27 JANUARY 2022

Title: Using Public Participation within Land Use Change Scenarios for Analysing Environmental and Socioeconomic Drivers

Authors: Jessica Penny, Slobodan Djordjević and Albert S Chen

Source: Environmental Research Letters DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac4764

Published: 21 JANUARY 2022

Title: Remote Sensing of Wave Overtopping on Dynamic Coastal Structures

Authors: Blenkinsopp, C.E., Baldock, T.E., Bayle, P.M., Foss, O., Almeida, L.P., Schimmels, S

Source: Remote Sensing DOI: 10.3390/rs14030513

Published: 02 JANUARY 2022

2021

Title: Addressing Water Security: An Overview

Authors: Juliana Marcal, Blanca Antizar-Ladislao and Jan Hofman

Source: Sustainability DOI: 10.3390/su132413702

Published: 11 DECEMBER 2021

Title: Evidence of Shorter More Extreme Rainfalls and Increased Flood Variability under Climate Change

Authors: Conrad Wasko, Rory Nathan, Lina Stein, Declan O’Shean

Source: Journal of Hydrology DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126994

Published: DECEMBER 2021

Title: From Pollutant Removal to Resource Recovery: A Bibliometric Analysis of Municipal Wastewater Research in Europe

Authors: Juliana Marcal, Toby Bishop, Jan Hofman, Junjie Shen

Source: Chemosphere DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131267

Published: DECEMBER 2021

Title: Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensor Python Tool (Crspy 1.2.1): An Open-Source Tool for the Processing of Cosmic-Ray Neutron and Soil Moisture Data

Authors: Daniel Power, Miguel Angel Rico-Ramirez, Sharon Desilets, Darin Desilets, and Rafael Rosolem

Source: Geoscientific Model Development DOI: 10.5194/gmd-14-7287-2021

Published: 30 NOVEMBER 2021

Title: Experimental Investigation of the Wake Characteristics behind Twin Vertical Axis Turbines

Authors: Stephanie Müller, Valentine Muhawenimana, Catherine A.M.E. Wilson, Pablo Ouroa Source: Energy Conversion and Management DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114768

Published: NOVEMBER 2021

Title: North Atlantic Air Pressure and Temperature Conditions

Associated with Heavy Rainfall in Great Britain

Authors: Andrew Paul Barnes, Cecilia Svensson, Thomas Rodding Kjeldsen

Source: International Journal of Climatology

DOI: 10.1002/joc.7414

Published: 18 OCTOBER 2021

Title: Exploring Broader Benefits of Tidal Range Schemes

Authors: Reza Ahmadian and Nicolas Hanousek

Source: International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research

Published: 2021

Title: Stratification in a Reservoir Mixed by Bubble Plumes under Future Climate Scenarios

Authors: David Birt, Danielle Wain, Emily Slavin, Jun Zang, Robert Luckwell and Lee D. Bryant

Source: Water DOI: 10.3390/w13182467

Published: 08 SEPTEMBER 2021

Title: Towards More Realistic Runoff Projections by Removing Limits on Simulated Soil Moisture Deficit

Authors: Keirnan J.A. Fowler, Gemma Coxon, Jim E. Freer, Wouter J.M. Knoben, Murray C. Peel, Thorsten Wagener, Andrew W. Western, Ross A. Woods, Lu Zhang

Source: Journal of Hydrology DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126505

Published: SEPTEMBER 2021

Title: Accelerating Uncertainty Quantification of Groundwater Flow Modelling using a Deep Neural Network Proxy

Authors: Mikkel B. Lykkegaard, Tim J. Dodwell, David Moxey Source: Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering DOI: 10.1016/j.cma.2021.113895

Published: SEPTEMBER 2021

Title: Incorporating Uncertainty into Multiscale Parameter Regionalization to Evaluate the Performance of Nationally Consistent Parameter Fields for a Hydrological Model

Authors: Rosanna A. Lane, Jim E. Freer, Gemma Coxon, Thorsten Wagener

Source: Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2020WR028393

Published: 31 AUGUST 2021

Title: Identifying and Interpreting Extreme Rainfall Events using Image Classification

Authors: Andrew Paul Barnes, Nick McCullen and Thomas Rodding Kjeldsen

Source: Journal of Hydroinformatics DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2021.030

Published: 27 AUGUST 2021

Title: Behaviour and Performance of a Dynamic Cobble Berm Revetment during a Spring Tidal Cycle in North Cove, Washington State, USA

Authors: Paul M. Bayle, George M. Kaminsky, Chris E. Blenkinsopp, Heather M. Weiner, David Cottrell

Source: Coastal Engineering DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2021.103898

Published: AUGUST 2021

Title: Experimental Investigation of Physical Leaky Barrier Design Implications on Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Movement

Authors: Stephanie Müller, Catherine A. M. E. Wilson, Pablo Ouro, Joanne Cable

Source: Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2021WR030111

Published: JULY 2021

Title: On Doing Hydrology with Dragons: Realizing the Value of Perceptual Models and Knowledge Accumulation

Authors: Thorsten Wagener, Tom Gleeson, Gemma Coxon, Andreas Hartmann, Nicholas Howden, Francesca Pianosi, Mostaquimur Rahman, Rafael Rosolem, Lina Stein, Ross Woods

Source: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews - Water DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1550

Published: 18 JULY 2021

Title: Detecting Ground Level Enhancements using Soil Moisture Sensor Networks

Authors: A. D. P. Hands, F. Baird, K. A. Ryden, C. S. Dyer, F. Lei, J. G. Evans, J. R. Wallbank, M. Szczykulska, D. Rylett, R. Rosolem, S. Fowler, D. Power, E. M. Henley

Source: Space Weather

DOI: 10.1029/2021SW002800

Published: 2021

Title: Wastewater Systems Planned Maintenance Scheduling using Multi-Objective Optimisation

Authors: Sabrina Draude, Ed Keedwell, Zoran Kapelan, Rebecca Hiscock

Source: GECCO ‘21: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference DOI: 10.1145/3449726.3459535

Published: JULY 2021

Title: Uncertainty in the Extreme Flood Magnitude Estimates of Large-Scale Flood Hazard Models

Authors: Laura Devitt, Jeffrey Neal, Thorsten Wagener and Gemma Coxon

Source: Environmental Research Letters DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/abfac4

Published: 20 MAY 2021

Title: Hydro-Epidemiological Modelling of Bacterial Transport and Decay in Nearshore Coastal Waters

Authors: Jonathan King, Reza Ahmadian & Roger A. Falconer Source: Water Research DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117049

Published: 15 MAY 2021

Title: Developing a Fuzzy Logic-Based Risk Assessment for Groundwater Contamination from Well Integrity Failure during Hydraulic Fracturing

Authors: Olivia Milton-Thompson, Akbar A. Javadi, Zoran Kapelan, Aaron G. Cahill, Laurie Welch

Source: Science of the Total Environment DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145051

Published: 15 MAY 2021

Title: Microbial Fuel Cells for In-Field Water Quality Monitoring

Authors: Lola Gonzalez Olias and Mirella Di Lorenzo

Source: RSC Advances DOI: 10.1039/D1RA01138C

Published: 2021

Title: Challenges for Application of the Derived Distribution Approach to Flood Frequency

Authors: Ross Woods, Yanchen Zheng, Roberto Quaglia, Giulia Giani, Dawei Han, and Miguel Rico-Ramirez Source: EGU General Assembly 2021 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15044

Published: 2021

Title: An Innovative, Timeseries-Analysis-Based Method to Extract Rainfall-Streamflow Events from Continuous Timeseries

Authors: Giulia Giani, Miguel Angel Rico-Ramirez, and Ross Woods

Source: EGU General Assembly 2021 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-4619

Published: 2021

Title: Uncertainty Quantification and Attribution in Flood Risk Assessment using Global Flood Models: An Application to the River Rhine Basin

Authors: Georgios Sarailidis, Francesca Pianosi, Thorsten Wagener, Kirsty Styles, Stephen Hutchings, and Rob Lamb

Source: EGU General Assembly 2021 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-3488

Published: 2021

Title: Improving Regional Rainfall Forecasts using ConvolutionalNeural Networks

Authors: Andrew Barnes, Nick McCullen, and Thomas Rodding Kjeldsen

Source: EGU General Assembly 2021 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-11105

Published: 2021

Title: Joint Distribution of Rainfall Characteristics: Intensity, Total Depth, Spatial and Temporal Moments

Authors: Roberto Quaglia, Ross Woods, and Dawei Han

Source: EGU General Assembly 2021 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-8961

Published: 2021

Title: A New Approach of Implementation of Wave Boundary Layer in OpenIFS

Authors: Nefeli Makrygianni, Shunqi Pan, Jean Bidlot, and Michaela Bray

Source: EGU General Assembly 2021 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-9617

Published: 2021

Title: Investigating the Effectiveness of Bubble-Plume Destratification Systems in a Temperate, Shallow, Drinking Water Reservoir

Authors: Jack Waterhouse, Thomas Kjeldsen, and Lee Bryant Source: EGU General Assembly 2021 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-12509

Published: 2021

Title: Understanding Soil Moisture Dynamics through Cosmic Rays: A Global Analysis

Authors: Daniel Power, Rafael Rosolem, Miguel Rico-Ramirez, Darin Desilets, and Sharon Desilets

Source: EGU General Assembly 2021 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13250

Published: 2021

Title: Evaluation of High-Resolution Meteorological Global Data Products using Flux Tower Observations across Brazil

Authors: Jamie Brown, Rafael Rosolem, Ross Woods, Humberto Rocha, and Debora Roberti

Source: EGU General Assembly 2021 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15387

Published: 2021

Title: TOSSH: A Toolbox for Streamflow Signatures in Hydrology

Authors: Sebastian J. Gnann, Gemma Coxon, Ross A. Woods, Nicholas J.K. Howden, Hilary K. McMillan

Source: Environmental Modelling & Software DOI: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.104983

Published: APRIL 2021

Title: Short-Term Forecasting of Household Water Demand in the UK using an Interpretable Machine-Learning Approach

Authors: Maria Xenochristou, Chris Hutton, Jan Hofman, Zoran Kapelan

Source: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001325

Published: APRIL 2021

Title: Discovering Environmental Management Opportunities for Infectious Disease Control

Authors: Beltrame, L., Rose Vineer, H., Walker, J. G., Morgan, E. R., Vickerman, P. T., & Wagener, T Source: Scientific Reports DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85250-1

Published: 19 MARCH 2021

Title: Leaky Barriers: Leaky Enough for Fish to Pass?

Authors: Stephanie Müller, Catherine A. M. E. Wilson, Pablo Ouro and Joanne Cable Source: Royal Society Open Science DOI: 10.1098/rsos.201843

Published: 03 MARCH 2021

Title: Mapping Groundwater Recharge in Africa from Ground Observations and Implications for Water Security

Authors: Alan M MacDonald, R Murray Lark, Richard G Taylor, Tamiru Abiye, Helen C Fallas, Guillaume Favreau, Ibrahim B Goni, Seifu Kebede, Bridget Scanlon, James P R Sorensen, Moshood Tijani, Kirsty A Upton and Charles West

Source: Environmental Research Letters DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/abd661

Published: 16 FEBRUARY 2021

Title: How do Climate and Catchment Attributes Influence Flood Generating Processes? A Large-Sample Study for 671 Catchments across the Contiguous USA

Authors: L. Stein, M. P. Clark, W. J. M. Knoben, F. Pianosi, R. A. Woods

Source:  Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2020WR028300

Published: 04 FEBRUARY 2021

Title: A Prac tical, Objective and Robust Technique to Directly Estimate Catchment Response Time

Authors: G. Giani, M. A. Rico‐Ramirez, R. A. Woods

Source: Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2020WR028201

Published: FEBRUARY 2021

Title: High-Resolution, Large-Scale Laboratory Measurements of a Sandy Beach and Dynamic Cobble Berm Revetment

Authors: Chris E. Blenkinsopp, Paul M. Bayle, Daniel C. Conley, Gerd Masselink, Emily Gulson, Isabel Kelly, Rafael Almar, Ian L. Turner, Tom E. Baldock, Tomas Beuzen, Robert T. McCall, Huub Rijper, Ad Reniers, Peter Troch, David Gallach-Sanchez, Alan J. Hunter, Oscar Bryan,  Gwyn Hennessey, Peter Ganderton, Marion Tissier, Matthias Kudella & Stefan Schimmels

Source: Scientific Data DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00805-1

Published: 20 JANUARY 2021

Title: Flood Spatial Coherence, Triggers, and Performance in Hydrological Simulations: Large-Sample Evaluation of Four Streamflow-Calibrated Models

Authors: Brunner, M. I., Melsen, L. A., Wood, A. W., Rakovec, O., Mizukami, N., Knoben, W. J. M., and Clark, M. P.

Source: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI: 10.5194/hess-25-105-2021

Published: 06 JANUARY 2021

2020

Title: Flexible Vector-Based Spatial Configurations in Land Models

Authors: Shervan Gharari, Martyn P. Clark, Naoki Mizukami, Wouter J. M. Knoben, Jefferson S. Wong, Alain Pietroniro

Source: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI: 10.5194/hess-24-5953-2020

Published: 16 DECEMBER 2020

Title: Comparing Earth Observation and Inundation Models to Map Flood Hazards

Authors: Laurence Hawker, Jeffrey Neal, Beth Tellman, Jiayong

Liang, Guy Schumann, Colin Doyle, Jonathan A Sullivan, James Savage and Raphael Tshimanga

Source: Environmental Research Letters DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/abc216

Published: 04 DECEMBER 2020

Title: Interactive Decision Support Methodology for Near Real-Time Response to Failure Events in a Water Distribution Network

Authors: E. Nikoloudi, M. Romano, F. A. Memon, Z. Kapelan

Source: Journal of Hydroinformatics DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2020.101

Published: 02 DECEMBER 2020

Title: Digital Elevation Models for Topographic Characterisation and Flood Flow Modelling Along Low-Gradient, Terminal Dryland Rivers: A Comparison of Spaceborne Datasets for The Río Colorado, Bolivia

Authors: Jiaguang Lia, Yang Zhao, Paul Bates, Jeffrey Neal, Stephen Tooth, Laurence Hawker, Carmine Maffei

Source: Journal of Hydrology DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125617

Published: DECEMBER 2020

Title: Comparison of Flood Hazard Assessment Criteria for Pedestrians with a Refined Mechanics-Based Method

Authors: G. Musolino, R. Ahmadian, R.A. Falconer

Source: Journal of Hydrology X DOI: 10.1016/j.hydroa.2020.100067

Published: 17 NOVEMBER 2020

Title: Including Regional Knowledge Improves Baseflow Signature Predictions in Large Sample Hydrology

Authors: Sebastian J. Gnann, Hilary McMillan, Ross A. Woods, Nicholas J. K. Howden

Source: Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2020WR028354

Published: 05 NOVEMBER 2020

Title: In Situ Characterisation of Size Distribution and Rise Velocity of Microbubbles by High-Speed Photography

Authors: Bert Swart, Yubin Zhao, Mohammed Khaku, Eric Che, Richard Maltby, Y.M. John Chew, Jannis Wenk

Source: Chemical Engineering Science DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115836

Published: 02 NOVEMBER 2020

Title: Emergency Flood Bulletins for Cyclones Idai and Kenneth: A Critical Evaluation of the Use Of Global Flood Forecasts for International Humanitarian Preparedness and Response

Authors: Rebecca Emerton, Hannah Cloke, Andrea Ficchi,  Laurence Hawker, Sara de Wit, Linda Speight, Christel Prudhomme, Philip Rundell, Rosalind West, Jeffrey Nealf, Joaquim Cuna, Shaun Harrigan, Helen Titley, Linus Magnusson, Florian Pappenberger, Nicholas Klingaman, Elisabeth Stephens

Source: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101811

Published: NOVEMBER 2020

Title: A New Approach for Scaling Beach Profile Evolution and Sediment Transport Rates in Distorted Laboratory Models

Authors: Paul Maxime Bayle, Tomas Beuzen, Christopher Edwin Blenkinsopp, Tom E Baldock, Ian Lloyd Turner

Source: Coastal Engineering DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2020.103794

Published: 29 OCTOBER 2020

Title: CAMELS-GB: Hydrometeorological Time Series and Landscape Attributes for 671 Catchments in Great Britain

Authors: Gemma Coxon, Nans Addor, John P. Bloomfield, Jim Freer, Matt Fry, Jamie Hannaford, Nicholas J. K. Howden, Rosanna Lane, Melinda Lewis, Emma L. Robinson, Thorsten Wagener and Ross Woods

Source: Earth System Science Data DOI: 10.5194/essd-12-2459-2020

Published: 12 OCTOBER 2020

Title: A Brief Analysis of Conceptual Model Structure Uncertainty using 36 Models and 559 Catchments

Authors: W. J. M. Knoben, J. E. Freer, M. C. Peel, K. J. A. Fowler, R. A. Woods

Source: Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2019WR025975

Published: 06 JULY 2020

Title: Water Demand Forecasting Accuracy and Influencing Factors at Different Spatial Scales using a Gradient Boosting Machine

Authors: Xenochristou, M., Hutton, C., Hofman, J., & Kapelan, Z.

Source: Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2019WR026304

Published: 29 JUNE 2020

Title: Use of Reservoir Operation Optimization Methods in Practice: Insights from a Survey of Water Resource Managers

Authors: Francesca Pianosi, Barnaby Dobson and Thorsten Wagener

Source: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001301

Published: 22 JUNE 2020

Title: Mapping the Danger to Life in Flash Flood Events Adopting a Mechanics Based Methodology and Planning Evacuation Routes

Authors: Musolino, G., Ahmadian, R., Xia, J.Q., Falconer, R.A.

Source: Journal of Flood Risk Management DOI: 10.1111/jfr3.12627

Published: 26 MAY 2020

Title: Beach Profile Changes under Sea Level Rise in Laboratory Flume Experiments at Different Scale

Authors: Paul M. Bayle, Tomas Beuzen, Chris E. Blenkinsopp, Tom E. Baldock, and Ian L. Turner

Source: Journal of Coastal Research DOI: 10.2112/SI95-038.1

Published: 26 MAY 2020

Title: Surf Zone Wave Measurements from Lidar Scanners: Analysis of Non-Hydrostatic Processes

Authors: Martins, K., Bonneton, P., Bayle, P.M., Blenkinsopp, C.E., Mouragues, A., Michallet, H.

Source: Journal of Coastal Research DOI: 10.2112/SI95-231.1

Published: 26 MAY 2020

Title: Performance of a Dynamic Cobble Berm Revetment for Coastal Protection, under Increasing Water Level

Authors: Bayle, P., Blenkinsopp, C., Conley, D., Masselink, G.,

Beuzen, T. & Almar, R

Source: Coastal Engineering DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2020.103712

Published: 14 MAY 2020

Title: An Ensemble Stacked Model with Bias Correction for Improved Water Demand Forecasting

Authors: Xenochristou, M., Kapelan, Z. Source: Urban Water Journal DOI: 10.1080/1573062X.2020.1758164

Published: 13 MAY 2020

Title: Understanding Catchment Influences on Flood Generating Processes – Accounting for Correlated Attributes

Authors: Stein, L., Clark, M., Pianosi, F., Knoben, W., and Woods, R. Source: EGU General Assembly 2020 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-9918

Published: 2020

Title: Linking Hydrological Signatures to Hydrological Processes and Catchment Attributes: A Flexible Approach Applied to Baseflow Signatures

Authors: Gnann, S., Howden, N., Woods, R., and McMillan, H Source: EGU General Assembly 2020 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-3569

Published: 2020

Title: A Prac tical, Objective, Robust Technique to Directly Estimate Time of Concentration

Authors: Giani, G., Rico-Ramirez, M. A., and Woods, R. Source: EGU General Assembly 2020 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-4924

Published: 2020

Title: Implementation of the Wave Boundary Layer Model in the OpenIFS Model

Authors: Makrygianni, N., Bidlot, J. R., Bray, M., and Pan, S. Source: EGU General Assembly 2020 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-3605

Published: 2020

Title: Investigating Manganese Dynamics in a Coupled CatchmentReservoir System: Lake Blagdon – SW England

Authors: Waterhouse, J., Kjeldsen, T., and Bryant, L.

Source: EGU General Assembly 2020 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-19160

Published: 2020

Title: Visual Approach to Clustering Large-Scale Meteorological Datasets

Authors: Andrew Barnes., Thomas Kjeldsen, and Nick McCullen

Source: EGU General Assembly 2020 DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-19080

Published: 2020

Title: Many Commonly used Rainfall-Runoff Models Lack Long, Slow Dynamics: Implications for Runoff Projections

Authors: Fowler, K., Knoben, W.J.M., Peel, M.C., Peterson, T.J., Ryu, D., Saft, M., Seo, K.W., Western, A.

Source: Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2019WR025286

Published: MAY 2020

Title: Freshwater Resources Analysis from Water Harvesting Structures in the Sambhar Salt Lake Region, Rajasthan

Authors: Arce Vicente, P.

Source: Report of Researcher Exchange, The India UK Water Centre; UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford and Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune

Published: MAY 2020

Title: Freshwater Resources Analysis from Water Harvesting Structures in the Sambhar Salt Lake Region, Rajasthan

Authors: A. Vicente, P.

Source: Water Brief 15, The India-UK Water Centre; UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford and Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune.

Published: MAY 2020

Title: A Stochastic Model to Predict Flow, Nutrient and Temperature Changes in a Sewer Under Water Conservation Scenarios

Authors: Bailey, O., Zlatanovic, L., van der Hoek, J. P., Kapelan, Z., Blokker, M., Arnot, T. & Hofman, J., Source: Water DOI: 10.3390/w12041187

Published: 21 APRIL 2020

Title: Interlinking Bristol Based Models to Build Resilience to Climate Change

Authors: Stevens J, Henderson R, Webber J, Evans B, Chen A, Djordjević S, Sánchez-Muñoz D, Domínguez-García J.

Source: Sustainability DOI: 10.3390/su12083233

Published: 16 APRIL 2020

Title: Towards the Representation of Groundwater in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator

Authors: Batelis, S.C., Rahman, M., Kollet, S., Woods, R., Rosolem, R. Source: Hydrological Processes DOI: 10.1002/hyp.13767

Published: 07 APRIL 2020

Title: Event Based Classification for Global Study of River Flood Generating Processes

Authors: Stein, L., Pianosi, F., Woods, R. Source: Hydrological Processes DOI: 10.1002/hyp.13678

Published: 30 MARCH 2020

Title: Investigating the Effects of Pluvial Flooding and Climate Change on Traffic Flows in Barcelona and Bristol

Authors: Evans B., Chen A.S., Djordjević S., Webber J., Gómez A.G., Stevens J. Source: Sustainability DOI: 10.3390/su12062330

Published: 17 MARCH 2020

Title: Identifying the Origins of Extreme Rainfall using Storm Track Classification

Authors: Barnes, A.P., Santos, M.S., Garijo, C., Mediero, L., Prosdocimi, I., McCullen, N., Kjeldsen, T.R.

Source: Journal of Hydroinformatics DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2019.164

Published: MARCH 2020

Title: Hydrological Signatures Describing the Translation of Climate Seasonality into Streamflow Seasonality

Authors: Gnann, S.J., Howden, N.J.K., Woods, R.A.

Source: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI: 10.5194/hess-24-561-2020

Published: 06 FEBRUARY 2020

Title: Using Smart Demand-Metering Data and Customer Characteristics to Investigate Influence of Weather on Water Consumption in the UK

Authors: Xenochristou, M., Kapelan, Z., Hutton, C.

Source: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001148

Published: 01 FEBRUARY 2020

Title: Optimising Wastewater Treatment Solutions for the Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs): A Case Study for Application in India

Authors: Visanji, Z., Sadr, S.M.K., Johns, M.B., SaviĆ , D., Memon, F.A.

Source: Journal of Hydroinformatics DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2019.031

Published: 01 JANUARY 2020

2019

Title: A Statistical Analysis on the Effect of Preceding Dry Weather on Sewer Blockages in South Wales

Authors: Draude, S., Keedwell, E., Hiscock, R., Kapelan, Z.

Source: Water Science and Technology DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.063

Published: 15 DECEMBER 2019

Title: Is Green Infrastructure a Viable Strategy for Managing Urban Surface Water Flooding?

Authors: Webber, J.L., Fletcher, T.D., Cunningham, L., Fu, G., Butler, D., Burns, M.J.

Source: Urban Water Journal DOI: 10.1080/1573062X.2019.1700286

Published: 10 DECEMBER 2019

Title: Predic ting Impacts of Water Conservation with a Stochastic Sewer Model

Authors: Bailey, O., Arnot, T.C., Blokker, E.J.M., Kapelan, Z., Hofman, J.A.M.H.

Source: Water Science and Technology DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.031

Published: 01 DECEMBER 2019

Title: Comparing Cost-Effectiveness of Surface Water Flood Management Interventions in a UK Catchment

Authors: Webber, J.L., Fu, G.T., Butler, D.

Source: Journal of Flood Risk Management DOI: 10.1111/jfr3.12523

Published: NOVEMBER 2019

Title: Technical Note: Inherent Benchmark or Not? Comparing NashSutcliffe and Kling-Gupta Efficiency Scores

Authors: Knoben, W.J.M., Freer, J.E., Woods, R.A. Source: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI: 10.5194/hess-23-4323-2019

Published: 25 OCTOBER 2019

Title: Effect of Electrode Properties on the Performance of a Photosynthetic Microbial Fuel Cell for Atrazine Detection

Authors: Olias, L.G., Cameron, P.J., Di Lorenzo, M.

Source: Frontiers in Energy Research DOI: 10.3389/fenrg.2019.00105

Published: 09 OCTOBER 2019

Title: Accuracy Assessment of the TanDEM-X 90 Digital Elevation Model for Selected Floodplain Sites

Authors: Hawker, L., Neal, J., Bates, P. Source: Remote Sensing of Environment DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2019.111319

Published: OCTOBER 2019

Title: Benchmarking the Predictive Capability of Hydrological Models for River Flow and Flood Peak Predictions across over 1000 Catchments in Great Britain

Authors: Lane, R.A., Coxon, G., Freer, J.E., Wagener, T., Johnes, P.J., Bloomfield, J.P., Greene, S., Macleod, C.J.A., Reaney, S.M.

Source: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI: 10.5194/hess-23-4011-2019

Published: 30 SEPTEMBER 2019

Title: Implementation of a Full Momentum Conservative Approach in Modelling Flow through Tidal Structures

Authors: Coz, N., Ahmadian, R., Falconer, R.A.

Source: Water DOI: 10.3390/w11091917

Published: 14 SEPTEMBER 2019

Title: Atmospheric Origins of Extreme Rainfall in the UK

Authors: Barnes, A.P., McCullen, N., & Kjeldsen, T.R.

Source: 4th IMA International Conference on Flood Risk

Published: SEPTEMBER 2019

Title: A New Approach in the Design of Evacuation/Access Routes using a Fully Conservative 2D Model

Authors: Giovanni Musolino

Source: Proceedings of the 38th IAHR World Congress (Panama, 2019)

DOI: 10.3850/38WC092019-1736

Published: 2019

Title: Hydroinformatics of Smart Cities: Real-Time Water Quality Monitoring and Prediction

Authors: Elisa Coraggio, Dawei Han, Theo Tryfonas, Weiru Liu

Source: Proceedings of the 38th IAHR World Congress (Panama, 2019)

DOI: 10.3850/38WC092019-1868

Published: 2019

Title: A Global Survey on the Perceptions and Impacts of Gender Inequality in the Earth and Space Sciences

Authors: Popp, A.L.,  Lutz, S.R., Khatamis, S., van Emmerik, T.H.M., Knoben, W.J.M.

Source: Earth and Space Science DOI: 10.1029/2019EA000706

Published: 08 AUGUST 2019

Title: Validating a Rapid Assessment Framework for Screening Surface Water Flood Risk

Authors: Webber, J.L., Booth, G., Gunasekara, R., Fu, G., Butler, D.

Source: Water and Environment Journal DOI: 10.1111/wej.12415

Published: AUGUST 2019

Title: Twenty-Three Unsolved Problems in Hydrology (UPH) – A Community Perspective

Authors: Bloschl, G. et al; contributors include Knoben, W., Stein, L.

Source: Hydrological Sciences Journal DOI: 10.1080/02626667.2019.1620507

Published: 27 JULY 2019

Title: Modular Assessment of Rainfall-Runoff Models Toolbox (MARRMoT) v1.2: An Open-Source, Extendable Framework Providing Implementations of 46 Conceptual Hydrologic Models as Continuous State-Space Formulations

Authors: Knoben, W.J.M., Freer, J.E., Fowler, K.J.A., Peel, M.C., Woods, R.A.

Source: Geoscientific Model Development DOI: 10.5194/gmd-12-2463-2019

Published: 25 JUNE 2019

Title: DECIPHeR v1: Dynamic fluxEs and ConnectIvity for Predictions of HydRology

Authors: Coxon, G., Freer, J., Lane, R., Dunne, T., Knoben, W.J.M., Howden, N.J.K., Quinn, N., Wagener, T., Woods, R.

Source: Geoscientific Model Development DOI: 10.5194/gmd-12-2285-2019

Published: 14 JUNE 2019

Title: Assessing the Impact of Peat Erosion on Growing Season CO2 Fluxes by Comparing Erosional Peat Pans and Surrounding Vegetated Haggs

Authors: Gatis, N., Benaud, P., Ashe, J., Luscombe, D.J., Grand-

Clement, E., Hartley, I.P., Anderson, K., Brazier, R.E.

Source: Wetlands Ecology and Management DOI: 10.1007/s11273-019-09652-9

Published: 14 JUNE 2019

Title: An Argument-Driven Classification and Comparison of Reservoir Operation Optimization Methods

Authors: Dobson, B., Wagener, T., Pianosi, F.

Source: Advances in Water Resources DOI: 10.9753/icce.v36.risk.64

Published: JUNE 2019

Title: Developing a Stochastic Sewer Model to Support Sewer Design under Water Conservation Measures

Authors: Bailey, O., Arnot, T.C., Blokker, E.J.M., Kapelan, Z., Vreeburg, J., Hofman, J.A.M.H.

Source: Journal of Hydrology DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.04.013

Published: JUNE 2019

Title: Joint Probability Analysis of Extreme Wave Heights and Surges along China’s Coasts

Authors: Chen, Y.P., Li, J.X., Pan, S.Q, Gan, M., Pan, Y., Xie, D.M., Clee, S.

Source: Ocean Engineering DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2018.12.010

Published: 01 APRIL 2019

Title: Is There a Baseflow Budyko Curve?

Authors: Gnann, S.J., Woods, R.A., Howden, N.J.K.

Source: Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2018WR024464

Published: APRIL 2019

Title: Breaking Wave Imaging using Lidar and Sonar

Authors: Bryan, O., Bayle, P., Blenkinsopp, C. & Hunter, A. J.

Source: IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering DOI: 10.1109/JOE.2019.2900967

Published: 12 MARCH 2019

Title: How Important are Model Structural and Contextual Uncertainties when Estimating the Optimized Performance of Water Resource Systems?

Authors: Dobson, B., Wagener, T., Pianosi, F. Source: Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2018WR024249

Published: MARCH 2019

Title: Numerical Analysis of the Compromise between Power Output and Fish-Friendliness in a Vortex Power Plant

Authors: Stephanie Müller, Olivier Cleynen, Stefan Hoerner, Nils Lichtenberg & Dominique Thévenin

Source: Journal of Ecohydraulics DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2018.1521709

Published: 12 JANUARY 2019

Title: Global Bimodal Precipitation Seasonality: A Systematic Overview

Authors: Knoben, W.J.M., Woods, R.A., Freer, J.E. Source: International Journal of Climatology DOI: 10.1002/joc.5786

Published: JANUARY 2019

Title: Developing a Stochastic Sewer Input Model to Support Sewer Design under Water Conservation Measures

Authors: Bailey, O., Hofman, J.A.M.H., Arnot, T.C., Kapelan, Z., Blokker, M., Vreeburg, J. Edited by: Mannina G.

Source: New Trends in Urban Drainage Modelling DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99867-1_13

Published: 2019

Title: Evaluating City Scale Surface Water Management using a Rapid Assessment Framework in Melbourne, Australia

Authors: Webber, J.L., Burns, M.J., Fu, G.T., Butler, D., Fletcher, T.D.

Source: New Trends in Urban Drainage Modelling DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99867-1_13

Published: 2019

Title: Automated Detection of Fault Types in CCTV Sewer Surveys

Authors: Myrans, J., Everson, R., Kapelan, Z.

Source: Journal of Hydroinformatics

DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2018.073

Published: 01 JANUARY 2019

Title: Dynamic Coastal Protection: Resilience of Dynamic Revetments (DYNAREV)

Authors: C.E. Blenkinsopp,  P.M. Bayle, D. Conley, G. Masselink, E. Gulson, I. Kelly, R. Almar, I.L. Turner, T.E. Baldock, T. Beuzen, R. McCall, Rijper, H., A.Reniers, P. Troch, D. Gallach-Sanchez, A. Hunter, O, Bryan, G. Hennessey, P. Ganderton, S. Schimmels, M. Kudella

Source: Proceedings of the HYDRALAB+ Joint User Meeting, Bucharest, Romania, May 2019

Published: 2019 2018

Title: Coastal Adaptation under Sea Level Rise: Prototype Scale Measurement and Modelling of a Dynamic Revetment

Authors: Bayle, P., Blenkinsopp, C., Masselink, G., Conley, D.

Source: Proceedings of 36th Conference on Coastal Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

DOI: 10.9753/icce.v36.risk.64

Published: 30 DECEMBER 2018

Title: Perspectives on Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Simulation for Flood Modeling in the Absence of a High-Accuracy Open Access Global DEM

Authors: Hawker, L., Bates, P., Neal, J., Rougier, J.

Source: Frontiers in Earth Science DOI: 10.3389/feart.2018.00233

Published: 18 DECEMBER 2018

Title: Developing an Approximation of a Natural, Rough Gravel Riverbed both Physically and Numerically

Authors: Stubbs, A., Stoesser, T., Bockelmann-Evans, B., Source: Geosciences DOI: 10.3390/geosciences8120449

Published: 30 NOVEMBER 2018

Title: Effects of Flood Hazard Visualization Format on House Purchasing Decisions

Authors: Dobson, B.A., Miles-Wilson, J.J., Gilchrist, I.D., Leslie, D.S., Wagener, T.

Source: Urban Water Journal DOI: 10.1080/1573062X.2018.1537370

Published: 05 NOVEMBER 2018

Title: Automated Detection of Faults in Sewers using CCTV Image Sequences

Authors: Myrans, J., Everson, R., Kapelan, Z.

Source: Automation in Construction DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2018.08.005

Published: NOVEMBER 2018

Title: Implications of Simulating Global Digital Elevation Models for Flood Inundation Studies

Authors: Hawker, L., Rougier, J., Neal, J., Bates, P., Archer, L., Yamazaki, D.

Source: Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2018WR023279

Published: OCTOBER 2018

Title: Smart Water Demand Forecasting: Learning from Data

Authors: Maria Xenochristou, Zoran Kapelan, Chris Hutton, Jan Hofman

Source: EPiC Series in Engineering. HIC 2018: 13th International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Published: 20 SEPTEMBER 2018

Title: Study of Dam Break Flow Interaction with Urban Settlements over a Sloping Channel

Authors: Stamataki, Ioanna & Zang, Jun & Buldakov, Eugeny & Kjeldsen, Thomas & Stagonas, Dimitris

Source: River Flow 2018 - Ninth International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics

DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/20184006006

Published: 05 SEPTEMBER 2018

Title: A Mechanistic Hydro-Epidemiological Model of Liver Fluke Risk

Authors: Beltrame, L., Dunne, T., Vineer, H.R., Walker, J.G., Morgan, E.R., Vickerman, P., McCann, C.M., Williams, D.J.L., Wagener, T.

Source: Journal of the Royal Society Interface DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0072

Published: 29 AUGUST 2018

Title: Investigating the Influence of Weather on Water Consumption: A Dutch Case Study

Authors: Maria Xenochristou, Mirjam Blokker

Source: WDSA/CCWI Joint Conference Proceedings 2018

Published: 14 JULY 2018

Title: Combining Surveys and Flow Logger Data to Improve the Accuracy of End-Use Segregation of Residential Water Consumption

Authors: Wills, P., Memon, F.A. and Savić, D.A.

Source: WDSA/CCWI Joint Conference Proceedings Published: JULY 2018

Title: A Quantitative Hydrological Climate Classification Evaluated with Independent Streamflow Data

Authors: Knoben, W.J.M., Woods, R.A., Freer, J.E.

Source: Water Resources Research DOI: 10.1029/2018WR022913

Published: JULY 2018

Title: Combining Classifiers to Detect Faults in Wastewater Networks

Authors: Myrans, J., Kapelan, Z., Everson, R.

Source: Water Science and Technology DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.131

Published: 14 MAY 2018

Title: An Implementation of a Decision Support Tool to Assess Treatment of Emerging Contaminants in India

Authors: Zara Visanji, Seyed M. K. Sadr, Fayyaz A. Memon

Source: Journal of Water Resource and Protection DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2018.104023

Published: 30 APRIL 2018

Title: Rapid Surface Water Intervention Performance Comparison for Urban Planning

Authors: Webber, J.L., Fu, G.T., Butler, D. Source: Water Science and Technology DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.122

Published: 30 APRIL 2018

Title: Uncertainty of Rainfall Products: Impact on Modelling Household Nutrition from Rain-Fed Agriculture in Southern Africa

Authors: Luetkemeier, R., Stein, L., Drees, L., Muller, H., Liehr, S. Source: Water DOI: 10.3390/w10040499

Published: 18 APRIL 2018

Title: Rapid Assessment of Surface-Water Flood-Management Options in Urban Catchments

Authors: Webber, J.L., Gibson, M.J., Chen, A.S., Savić, D., Fu, G., Butler, D.

Source: Urban Water Journal DOI: 10.1080/1573062X.2018.1424212

Published: 26 JANUARY 2018

2017

Title: Identifying Relationships between Weather Variables and Domestic Water Consumption using Smart Metering

Authors: Maria Xenochristou, Zoran Kapelan, Chris Hutton, Jan Hofman

Source: CCWI 2017 – Computing and Control for the Water Industry DOI: 10.15131/shef.data.5364565.v1

Published: SEPTEMBER 2017

Title: Blended Drought Index: Integrated Drought Hazard Assessment in the Cuvelai-Basin

Authors: Luetkemeier, R., Stein, L., Drees, L., Liehr, S. Source: Climate DOI: 10.3390/cli5030051

Published: 13 JULY 2017

Title: High-Resolution Domestic Water Consumption Data–Scope for Leakage Management and Demand Prediction

Authors: Wills, P., Memon, F.A. and Savić, D.

Source: Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering & Technology

Published: 2017 2016

Title: Estimating the Microbiological Risks Associated with Inland Flood Events: Bridging Theory and Models of Pathogen Transport

Authors: Collender, P.A., Cooke, O.C., Bryant, L.D., Kjeldsen, T.R., Remais, J.V.

Source: Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2016.1269578

Published: 09 DECEMBER 2016

Title: How Does Drainage Alter the Hydrology of Shallow Degraded Peatlands Across Multiple Spatial Scales?

Authors: Luscombe, D.J., Anderson, K., Grand-Clement, E., Gatis, N., Ashe, J., Benaud, P., Smith, D., Brazier, R.E.

Source: Journal of Hydrology DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.08.037

Published: OCTOBER 2016

Title: Automated Detection of Faults in Wastewater Pipes from CCTV Footage by using Random Forests

Authors: Myrans, J., Kapelan, Z., Everson, R. Edited by: Kim J.H., Kim H.S., Yoo D.G., Jung D., Song C.G.

Source: 12th International Conference on Hydroinformatics (HIC 2016) - Smart Water for the Future DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.07.416

Published: 2016