Unique Times February 2024

The Case for Improving Manufacturing Productivity

Shri V.P. Nandakumar MD & CEO, Manappuram Finance Ltd

Breast Cancer...

The Positive Strokes

Dr.Thomas Varghese

"Healing with Heart, Serving with LoveYour Trusted Partner in Health Since 1888"

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Editorial

“Not

All Angels Have Wings Some Have Stethoscopes”

Doctors stand at the crossroads of science and humanity, dedicating their lives to easing pain and suffering. Their contribution extends beyond basic medical care, infusing their work with compassion, hope, and understanding for those in need. Through every diagnosis and therapeutic approach, they renew their pledge to individual health, emphasizing the essential human bond that forms the core of medical practice. This edition's cover story, featuring Dr. Thomas Varghese, a Surgical Oncologist and Reconstructive Surgeon who serves as the Medical Director and Head of the Cancer Division at St. Joseph's Cancer Hospital and Research Centre in Kochi, provides an enlightening deep dive into the escalating prevalence of breast cancer globally in his article.

In this edition, V P Nandakumar, Managing Director and CEO of Manappuram Finance Limited, delves into ‘The Case for Improving Manufacturing Productivity.’

Alongside the highlighted feature, our magazine also presents a wide range of articles on beauty, auto review, movie reviews, book reviews, motivation, and business topics.

“Reality doesn’t always give us the life that we desire, but we can always find what we desire between the pages of books.” - Adelise M. Cullens

May your reading journey be filled with enjoyment and discovery!

20

14

CoRover.ai

Unveils

BharatGPT a GenAI as a Service

CoRover.ai has introduced BharatGPT, India's first Large Language Model (LLM), with the goal of transforming AI interactions across 22 Indian languages. As a homegrown Generative AI platform, BharatGPT seamlessly integrates with both voice and text, offering a unique solution to language diversity challenges. The model includes voice integration in more than 12 Indian languages and text support in 22 languages, achieved through collaboration with the National Hub of Language Technology (NHLT) under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology's National Language Translation Mission (NLTM). Amitabh Nag, CEO of BHASHNI, highlighted the scalability and innovative applications demonstrated in partnership with CoRover. He emphasized that breakthroughs in language technology, such as BharatGPT utilizing AI, ML, and NLP, would drive new initiatives forward.

Jammu & Kashmir Amends Industrial Development Policy to Provide Incentives to Private Industrial Cluster

"Opportunities don't happen. You create them."

Chris Grosser

The Jammu and Kashmir administration has modified its industrial development policy to provide various benefits to private enterprises interested in establishing new industrial clusters in the Union Territory. Under the updated policy, private developers and upcoming industrial clusters will enjoy advantages such as a full reimbursement of stamp duty on land purchases, change of land use charges, and registration charges. The amendments to the Jammu and Kashmir Private Industrial Estate Development Policy (PIEDP), 2021-30, were endorsed by the Administrative Council (AC) led by Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha. The meeting, which took place on 18th January, included key officials such as Advisor Rajeev Rai Bhatnagar and Chief Secretary Atal Dulloo. This initiative aims to create a level playing field for private developers and potential unit holders within these estates by providing comparable incentives to those operating in government-owned industrial estates, according to an official spokesperson.

RK Singh Vows to Double India’s Hydropower Capacity

In a groundbreaking development, Union Minister for Power and New and Renewable Energy, RK Singh, has revealed plans to double India's hydropower capacity. During his address at Moneycontrol's Policy Next summit, Singh announced the ambitious goal of increasing the current hydropower capacity from 47,000 MW to a minimum of 90,000 MW. Emphasizing the stagnant state of hydroelectric generation capacity when he assumed office, Singh highlighted the revival efforts that have resulted in the existing 47,000 MW installed capacity. As of now, hydropower constitutes only 11% of India's total installed power generation capacity, a significant decline from the 52.78% it held in 1962-63, according to data from the Central Electricity Authority (CEA). Despite some greenhouse gas emissions, hydropower is considered a relatively clean energy source, especially compared to coal-fired plants.

Honeywell CEO Unveils Bold India Growth Plan: Targets Doubling Business in 5 Years

"Success is not just about making money. It's about making a difference."

Kathy Calvin

Honeywell's global Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Vimal Kapur, unveiled an ambitious growth plan centered around three major mega trends – aviation, automation, and energy transition. Speaking with CNBC-TV18 managing editor Shereen Bhan during the World Economic Forum in Davos, Kapur outlined Honeywell's strategic focus on evolving and thriving in these key sectors to position the company for the next stage of growth. Kapur emphasized the company's commitment to simplifying Honeywell for the next stage of growth, with a strategic alignment to three significant macro trends: the future of aviation, beginning in the aerospace sector; core automation, which is central to Honeywell's expertise; and energy transition. Kapur highlighted the company's readiness to take on these substantial challenges and build Honeywell's future around these three prominent macros.

NLC India Awards Bhel Contract for 2,400 MW Thermal Power Project in Odisha

On January 12, NLC India Ltd (NLCIL) announced that it has awarded Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) the engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) contract for a significant thermal power project in Odisha. This greenfield project, with a capacity of 2,400 MW, marks a significant advancement in power generation, utilizing ultra super-critical technology. The EPC contract encompasses the engineering, manufacturing, supply, erection, and commissioning of essential equipment, including boilers, turbines, generators, and auxiliary systems for the 3 x 800 MW Thermal Power Project in Jharsuguda District, Odisha. The entire power output of 2,400 MW has already been secured through Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) with the states of Tamil Nadu, Odisha, Kerala, and Puducherry. Coal for the project is sourced from NLC India Ltd's 20 MTPA Talabira II & II OCP mines in Jharsuguda and Sambalpur Districts of Odisha, operational since 2020.

JSW

Steel Adding Capacity with an Aim to Hit 50 Million Tonne by 2030, Says CEO

"The golden rule for every businessman is this: Put yourself in your customer's place."

Orison Swett Marden

Jayant

Acharya, the Joint MD and CEO of JSW Steel, emphasized in an interview with CNBC-TV18 that the company is committed to playing a crucial role in meeting the rising demand for steel in India. The company aims to achieve a capacity of 50 million tonnes by 2030, with an immediate focus on launching a 5 million tonne facility in Vijay Nagar in the upcoming months. These efforts align with the broader goal of enhancing India's steel production capabilities to support ongoing economic development. Acharya anticipates strong demand for steel in India, projecting double-digit growth in the medium term. For the current year, JSW Steel expects a notable 14% increase in demand, reflecting a positive market outlook. He attributes this optimism to the government's emphasis on infrastructure development, capital expenditure, and the promotion of manufacturing activities.

Austrian Heiress Marlene Engelhorn Announces Plan for €25M Giveaway

Marlene Engelhorn, a 31-year-old Austro-German heiress residing in Vienna, is taking a unique approach to wealth redistribution. Inheriting a substantial fortune from her grandmother, Traudl Engelhorn-Vechiatto, who was valued at $4.2 billion, Marlene aims to address the inequality exacerbated by the absence of inheritance tax in Austria since 2008. Motivated by a sense of responsibility, she has initiated the Good Council for Redistribution, inviting 10,000 randomly selected Austrians over 16 to participate in deciding how €25 million of her inheritance should be allocated. The Good Council for Redistribution seeks to assemble a diverse group of 50 individuals, spanning various age groups, federal states, social classes, and backgrounds. This citizen-led initiative, supported by the Foresight Institute, aims to foster inclusivity and collaborative decision-making. Participants will engage in a series of meetings held in Salzburg from March to June, where they will work with academics and civil society organizations to explore and develop solutions beneficial to society as a whole.

Frank Farian: Boney M Founder Dies Aged 82

German music producer Frank Farian, best known as the founder of the disco band Boney M, has died at the age of 82. His family confirmed the news through a statement released by Farian's agency on 23rd January, revealing that he passed away at his residence in Miami. Boney M, formed in 1976, rose to fame with a series of hit singles, including popular tracks like Daddy Cool, Rasputin, and Rivers of Babylon. Farian, born Franz Reuther in 1941 in Kirn, Germany, initially pursued a career as a singer before transitioning into the role of a successful producer. In addition to Boney M, Frank Farian founded the duo Milli Vanilli, which gained notoriety in 1990 due to a lip-synching scandal. The revelation that Milli Vanilli did not sing on their records led to the revocation of their Grammy Award for best new artist. Farian's career also included collaborations with artists such as Meat Loaf and Stevie Wonder, contributing to an estimated 800 million records sold worldwide.

‘Send Back Our Husbands’Russian Women in Rare Protest

In a Moscow function room, a group of women, known as The Way Home, publicly criticizes the Russian authorities for keeping their husbands, part of the 300,000 reservists mobilized for the war in Ukraine, away from home. The women, who met through social media, have different views on the war but share the belief that their husbands have fulfilled their military duty and should return. The women express frustration with the government and its lack of consideration for the soldiers' well-being. They meet with local councillor Boris Nadezhdin, a rare government critic who has been allowed on national television. Nadezhdin, critical of the military operation, believes the war has damaged Putin's domestic popularity. Critics of the war blame the mobilized men, while Kremlin supporters label the women as Western puppets. Russian MP Andrei Kartapolov suggests that calls for demobilization are orchestrated by Russia's enemies, linking it to World War Two. The women find such comparisons insulting, emphasizing that the current conflict is different.

Bay of Biscay: France Temporarily Bans Fishing to Protect Dolphins

France has implemented a temporary ban on nearly all commercial fishing activities in the Bay of Biscay, starting from 22nd January and extending until 20 February. The ban covers fishing grounds along the country's Atlantic coast and is aimed at protecting dolphins. French marine experts estimate that around 9,000 dolphins die each year in the bay due to accidental entanglement in fishing gear. Local fishermen have expressed discontent with the ban, labeling it as "absurd." They are concerned about potential financial losses during the suspension period. The fishing ban is expected to significantly impact the industry, with reports suggesting that approximately 450 French vessels, longer than 8m (26.2ft), will be out of action. Fishermen argue that vessels between 9 to 11m (29.5ft to 36.1ft) are not typically engaged in dolphin fishing.

Breast Cancer...

The Positive Strokes

Dr. Thomas Varghese, a distinguished Surgical Oncologist and Reconstructive Surgeon, brings a wealth of expertise to the field of oncology. With qualifications including MS, FICS (Oncology), FACS, and recognized as an MCh teacher by the Medical Council of India, he currently serves as the Medical Director and Head of the Cancer Division at St. Joseph's Cancer Hospital and Research Centre in Kochi. Dr. Thomas is deeply committed to advancing cancer treatment and patient care, contributing significantly to the medical community and providing hope to numerous patients. In his insightful article, Dr. Thomas addresses the challenges posed by breast cancer, emphasizing the psychological impact and societal misconceptions that often accompany a diagnosis.

“Diagnosis of breast cancer can fall like a bombshell into the life of one out of five women in their lifetime" is the tagline that WHO is spreading across continents. Definitely, there is an increase in incidence in the Western world but changes in lifestyles, incorporation of Western lifestyles in own life have changed the scenario in the Third World too. This is shown as an increase in breast cancer incidence even in younger women.

The breast cancer issue is compounded by several factors. Since less than 30 years is no more rarity in cancer incidence, poverty, lack of insurance coverage, and presentation in the locally advanced or metastatic stage are all not uncommon, and many times non-oncologists, treat cancer patients with bizarre end results.

Diagnostic accuracies, and treatment nuances, especially surgical, medical and immune-oncology have progressed in leaps and bounds, however, it's sad to observe that the percentage of individuals presenting in the advanced stage has not

dwindled and remains to the tune of over 50% and death rates also approx 50%.

Apart from the factors mentioned what else could be the driving force for such late presentations?

When we ask breast cancer victims this question, 99% of women in the current generation will have only one answer, “fear of losing breasts". The wrong information that has percolated in the minds of ordinary women, and even educated lot is in every breast cancer there is a need to "chop breasts" for cure. This fear is circulated far and wide hence many women even refrain from undergoing a screening program, unlike their Western counterparts, to detect cancer in the early stage. But once the cancer diagnosis is disclosed, they are the ones who become hysterical. On several occasions, non-oncologists, and quacks utilize this soft corner and offer unscientific treatments to further push the patients to a non-treatable stage.

Well-educated ladies also will follow this suit and finally perish from a curable status. Since long time in dedicated cancer centers or units, surgical management of breast can-

cer in the operable stage has been handled by cancer surgeons and later from mastectomy, the concept of BCT, Breast Conservation Therapy evolved.

Cosmetic issues regarding the same forced clinicians to think of better options in the local management of breast cancer and thus "Oncoplastic" procedures evolved. Onco means Cancer, and plasty means to mould.

Breasts are considered as a separate organ in itself, an organ of beauty sign of sexual attraction, bilateral symmetry, and an organ providing confidence to a lady in addition to the primary function of lactation.

Hence such a procedure should offer bilateral symmetry, confidence, sexual attraction, and overall better adjustments with society, workplace, and career.

Oncoplasty urges the cancer surgeon that primary priority is on cancer and the surgical procedure should be oncologically acceptable which can help in avoiding local disease recurrence. There cannot be any corner cutting which is the pre-requisite. The resections are also planned based on the primary

Personalized treatments, immunotherapy, and targeted treatments in addition to conventional treatments like chemotherapy or radiation after an oncoplastic surgery have paved the way to better cure rates.

Most of these women especially the young may have just entered into the professional career ladder, some may be just married, some unmarried, and others may have postponed pregnancy for a career, and getting a mutilating mastectomy further destroys the morale.

evaluation of breast volume tumor volume ratio by an expert, dedicated, breast ultra sonologist and based on the tumor aggressiveness as per core biopsy. We plan reconstructions only when the Frozen section report by the pathologist tells that all the margins of resections are free of disease.

The beauty of this procedure is reconstruction is planned as per resection which may differ from original pre-operative planning.

Although in dedicated centres this procedure has become the norm, the majority of the patients who are evaluated by non-oncology specialists, like primary physicians,

gynecologists, and surgeons may not disclose such progress with the new subjects whom they evaluate.

This will leave behind the patient with a mastectomised flat chest, even though such a surgery as per modern studies is inferior to oncoplastic surgeries.

Breast cancer affects not only the body or physique but the mental trauma, anxiety, and agony is far beyond imagination. The first Question a lady with a diagnosis of breast cancer will ask to herself will be "Why God oh me? What in me has precipitated the cancer? Fate Karma?"

Then this will lead to denial, de-

pression, anger, fear of recurrence, and finally “acceptance”. Mourning over the lost breast adds to trauma and external pads will never be incorporated into the body image.

Most of these women especially the young may have just entered into the professional career ladder, some may be just married, some unmarried, and others may have postponed pregnancy for a career, and getting a mutilating mastectomy further destroys the morale.

Hence Oncoplasty will be a boon considering the fact that breasts are a sign of beauty, symmetry and feminity. Offering a normal-looking, and

feeling breast, on many occasions even preserving nipple and areola will help the lady to get adjusted to the further treatments with increased confidence.

A dedicated, and compassionate cancer surgeon, well trained in plastic and oncoplastic surgery is the pre-requisite to an excellent cosmetic outcome.

The emergence of a perforator artery-based flap, a local flap, has emerged as one of the versatile options to offer the best oncoplastic surgery for tumors localized in most of the quadrants of the breasts.

Morbidity to the "donor" area of the body like the back in the LD flap, lower belly in the TRAM flap, or gluteal region in the microvascular flap are well known. In perforator arterybased local flap that issue is avoided.

Common perforator arteries and flaps that are employed for such novel reconstruction procedures include, Lateral Intercostal Perforator Artery Flap (LICAP), Anterior Intercostal Perforator Artery Flap (AICAP), Combination of both (LICAP+AICAP), Middle Intercostal Perforator Artery Flap (MICAP), LICAP +AICAP combination could

be used even for Mastectomy with Immediate Reconstructions (MIBR). Whereas, LICAP flap in general is the preferred flap for reconstruction of tumors located in the lateral, inferior, or central quadrants, after wide resections.

These novel concepts have paved a new way to address breast cancer management, in a different perspective to offer better confidence in the minds of women with breast cancer so that they could get solace at the earliest. It offers a better quality of life and confidence. Avoidance of morbidity to the donor area is defi-

Established in 1888, St. Joseph’s Hospital in Kochi has since earned a reputation as a dependable healthcare institution. Boasting a team of skilled professionals, along with cutting-edge technology and facilities, the hospital is fully equipped to handle all types of medical crises. Its guiding principle, "Action with Love is Service," perfectly encapsulates the core values and approach to caregiving that define the institution.

nitely a boon because no scar marks of reconstructions(stigma) will be visible on the body.

Management of breast cancer has changed a lot over a period of time as technological improvement and understanding of genetics have become an integral part. Breast cancer is a lifestyle disease in more than 90% of the cases. Around 10% have a genetic predisposition. BRCA1, BRCA11, HER2, triple negativity, etc all have strong genetic links.

Obesity, lack of exercise, high fatty diet, red meat, lack of breastfeeding, late pregnancies, contraceptive pills, and fertility treatments with estrogens are all said to influence.

If one aims to have a 100% cure, early detection of cancer is a must. Breast self-examination (BSE) should be popularized which could pick up one cm-sized tumors. Ultrasound breasts and mammography could detect cancers in non-palpable stages. Another important fact is such mammographically detected tumors could be managed with wire localizations and scarless surgeries with no adjuvant treatments.

Personalized treatments, immunotherapy, and targeted treatments in addition to conventional treatments like chemotherapy or radiation after an oncoplastic surgery have paved the way to better cure rates.

Breast cancer is a curable disease in the majority of the early detected cases. Beauty could be restored. Why can't we have a concerted effort to conquer the number one killer? Media has a large role to play in spreading the good news

Shri V.P.Nandakumar MD & CEO Manappuram Finance Ltd

Improving productivity in manufacturing is critical for the economy to grow at a higher rate since it lands the economy in a virtuous cycle with optimum resource mix leading to optimum output enhancing the competitiveness of the goods produced.

The Case for Improving Manufacturing Productivity

To sustain growth momentum in the long run, the government and the industry along with financial institutions should roll out a synchronised policy to boost productivity in the key manufacturing sector that will generate quality jobs, higher income and enhanced demand.

There are no two opinions that Indian economy is expanding at a faster clip than projected earlier with National Statistics Office (NSO) revising up its FY ’24 GDP growth forecast in January. According to the First Advanced Estimates of National Income published by the NSO, the Indian real economy will grow at a faster pace of 7.3% this fiscal compared to the 7.2% it clocked during the previous fiscal. This is the most optimistic projection made by any agency so far and tops even the 7% predicted by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in its December policy statement.

Arguably, services sector has become the rock star of India’s economic growth leading the league table with a projected reading of 7.7% in FY ’24, followed by a 6.5% expansion in manufacturing activity (up from 1.3% in the previous fiscal.) Of course, the spike in manufacturing activity is indeed commendable. But one needs to go beyond these numbers to get the real story on the manufacturing sector out. For this, one needs to look into the productivity growth in the core manufacturing sector. Since the statistical office does not give the productivity data, one may turn to the next best alternative; that is the Gross Value

Added (GVA) which could be used as a proxy for productivity numbers. GVA is the value that different producers add to the value of goods at various stages of a product cycle.

Going by the NSO numbers, the productivity growth in manufacturing is forecast to decline with GVA set to shrink to 4.4% (at current prices) in the current fiscal, from 7% in the previous fiscal. And this should be a concern for policy makers, especially when the nation is eyeing to become a developed economy by 2047. The point to note here is that a developed country by definition is a highly industrialised country with the lion’s share of national

income or output coming from the core manufacturing.

This takes us straight to the heart of the task in hand which, in my view, is a shared concern of all stakeholders. It is a truism that to sustain a higher growth momentum at above the 7% on a durable basis, the productivity expansion in manufacturing sector is key. By productivity, I mean the ratio of output to inputs including both capital and labour which is also called as total factor productivity in economic literature. Improving productivity in manufacturing is critical for the economy to grow at a higher rate since it lands the economy in a virtuous cycle with optimum resource mix leading to optimum output enhancing the competitiveness of the goods produced. Higher productivity also helps firms to enhance margins, scale and sometimes even scope of the production. This will lead to higher resource flow into the business vertical concerned.

In other words, enhanced productivity will not only reduce the cost of manufactured goods in

the domestic market leading to elevated demand, but also increase the scope of exports. This will help swell the foreign exchange coffers of the nation and shrink the import bill to a great extent. Another point to note here is that manufacturing creates more employment ensuring higher wages and salaries for the workers. This, in turn, will translate into higher consumption. This is very critical to sustain faster economic expansion since private final consumption (PFC) is the single largest contributor to economic growth. Going by the NSO data, private consumption contributes above 60% of the GDP growth. It goes without saying that private consumption is the fulcrum of Indian economy and faster growth of this variable can take India much closer to the developed nation status sooner than later. If any proof is needed, one only has to rewind to the Chinese economic growth a few decades ago to find voluminous testimonies to corroborate the manufacturing productivity hypothesis. The icing on the cake is that high

productivity in manufacturing will trigger a fresh cycle of foreign capital inflows in the form of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI).

Therefore, it is my suggestion that the government and the industry along with financial institutions should roll out a synchronised policy to boost productivity in the key manufacturing sector that will generate quality jobs, higher income and enhanced demand putting the economy on a higher growth trajectory. On its part, policy makers should give a serious thought about extending the ambit of Productivity Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes to more verticals while business leaders should burn midnight oil to figure out ways to improve shop level productivity. On their part, financial institutions should reduce the cost of funds to individual firms based on not just their balance sheet strength but considering productivity gains at the firm level. Together, such a concerted effort will see the India’s transition to a developed economy at a much faster rate

Dr Sumitha Nandan Executive Director Manappuram Finance Ltd

The growing use of technology and the pervasive digitalisation of finance brings forth new challenges in the form of cybersecurity risks.

In a Sweet Spot

Commercial lenders including NBFCs are on a path of healthy growth despite tightening risk weight norms by the regulator

Post-pandemic recovery in the banking sector has many surprises on the upside. The most important eye-opener was the steady growth in non-farm credit off-take which has defied many doomsday predictions. To be precise, the post-pandemic behaviour of the retail credit portfolio has improved both in terms of growth and risk parameters. Data indicates a significant improvement in asset quality parameters coupled with broad-based growth across retail loan segments. As J. Swaminathan, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India, said in a January 10 speech, “Undoubtedly, these are good times for the financial services industry, characterised by robust parameters of performance and soundness. This enviable position is owed, in no small measure, to the hard work and unwavering dedication of the compliance, risk management, and internal

audit functions”.

Indeed, commercial lenders including non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) have worked very well to ensure financial stability by sticking to compliance norms as detailed by the regulator. For instance, prudential norms on single and group entity exposures are strictly adhered to by banks and non-banks and have been instrumental in maintaining balance sheet strength. It is heartening to note that banks and NBFCs have achieved credit growth in double digits over the past decade despite exposure caps and limits while simultaneously improving asset quality.

The growing use of technology and the pervasive digitalisation of finance, however, brings forth new challenges in the form of cyber-security risks. The regulator has recently exhorted fintech players to have a self-regulatory organisation (SRO) to

ensure voluntary compliance posed by risks inherent to fintech lending. Very recently, the regulator has also cracked the whip on a digital player asking it to stop all deposits and credits and wallet top-ups henceforth. These measures should be read in consonance with measures announced recently to increase risk weights on unsecured lending. It will usher in financial stability by weeding out highly risky players and in effect serves to strengthen serious and prudent players in the system.

The latest RBI Monthly Bulletin rightly points out that though the recent surge in credit flows has not resulted in stress build-up in the retail credit segment, policymakers may consider using structural prudential tools, viz., debt-service ratio and debt-to-income ratio of retail borrowers as additional monitoring metrics. Lenders should also use emerging technology ecosystem

infrastructure such as account aggregators to strengthen credit underwriting. Such frameworks facilitate monitoring of borrower leverage in a holistic fashion.

I may also mention here that contrary to several predictions, commercial lenders including NBFCs’ unsecured portfolio has seen healthy growth in the third quarter of current fiscal despite increase in risk weights. This is not surprising as most banks are capitalised well above

the regulatory minimum. NBFCs are also in the same league as their average CRAR or risk weighted assets is more than 20% against the regulatory requirement of 15%. Hence, going forward, it is only logical to expect unhindered credit growth from both banks and NBFCs, provided they do not dilute their guard against credit risks and slippages.

An unfinished goal, even as we are on track to reach the $5 trillion mark, is to achieve a greater degree

of formalisation. NBFCs and banks are a vital cog in this battle as they ensure last mile credit delivery. The success achieved in the microfinance space bears testimony to this fact. This segment has been a winwin for both lenders and borrowers - for the lenders due to margin improvement and for borrowers due to hassle free credit access. Hence, I am of the view that the finance balancing act by lenders augur well for financial stability and growth

Rajesh Nair Partner, Ernst & Young LLP

By emphasizing holistic care, integration of traditional values, affordability, and fostering social ties, Kerala is shaping an ecosystem that respects and cherishes its aging population.

Senior Living In Kerala: A Glimmer Of Hope For The Silver Economy

India celebrates its demographic dividend with more than 40% of its population below the age of 25 years. This portends a future that has hope and unlimited possibilities for the country and also estimates of GDP twenty-five years into the future are super optimistic, to say the least, and rightly so. We could achieve anything to everything by harnessing the energy and creativity of this population and all public policies need to gear up to facilitate these. We say the Western and some of the other Asian economies like China cannot keep up because the percentage of the aging population is high, they are currently not actively contributing to the work economy and also require demanding healthcare investments.

Kerala is aligned to these developed countries in the percentage of aging population - which is approximately 20% of Kerala's population are above 60 years old- this is high in comparison to the below 10% nationally. This number will further shoot up significantly with the increased life expectancy. El-

der care is a critical activity and is more than just healthcare support. The increasing incidence of geriatric maladies like dementia, Parkinson's, and incontinence not only affects their well-being but also that of the broad working population since there needs to be attention and diversion of resources to elder care. Additionally, in a close society like Kerala, there is still the stigma of leaving parents in retirement homes and such institutions and it is often understood as neglecting children and society who are not focused on assisted living but assisted dying.

Like all societal problems, this brings forth a problem that needs to be tackled with entrepreneurial zeal and it requires the agile mind of enterprising young men and women who can find strategic solutions spiced with leveraging new technology like AI and IoT which can usher in lifestyle changes to help them spend the last years with comfort and peace of mind; independently managing needs as far as possible. Perhaps this is a business problem that needs an urgent solution or so-

lutions.

Kerala often acknowledged as 'God's Own Country' due to its enchanting backwaters, lush landscapes, and vibrant culture, is increasingly becoming a popular destination for senior living. As life expectancy increases and the fabric of traditional joint families transforms, senior living as a concept is evolving into a need rather than a choice. This essay explores the emergence of senior living in Kerala and how it is being nurtured to create an agegraceful ecosystem.

Silver economy addresses all the economic aspects of the senior citizens (above 65 years in the Indian context). It outlines markets, products and services focusing on this segment.

The Demographic Shift and its Implications

Kerala has the highest life expectancy among states in India, a testament to its excellent healthcare system and health-conscious population. However, this demographic triumph brings with it the challenge of catering to the needs of an aging

population. The state's traditionally strong familial support system is changing due to the youth migrating in pursuit of employment and education. This has led to an increase in the number of seniors looking for alternative living arrangements that provide care, community, and comfort.

Emergence of Senior Living Communities

The concept of senior living communities is relatively new to Kerala but is growing steadily. Developers are taking note of the specific needs of the elderly and are designing communities that offer not just housing but a holistic lifestyle. These gated communities often come with amenities such as health clubs, recreational areas, continuous medical care, and emergency response systems, assuring residents of both physical and psychological well-being.

Culturally Tailored Living Experience

A significant aspect of senior living in Kerala is

the integration of cultural elements into everyday life. Keralites carry a deep sense of connection with their traditions. Hence, senior living spaces provide opportunities for residents to engage with local festivities, cuisine, arts, and music. This cultural immersion helps in creating a sense of belonging and reduces feelings of isolation among the residents.

Integration of Ayurveda and Wellness Programs

Kerala's rich heritage in Ayurveda plays into the senior living setups through specialized wellness programs. These programs focus on preventive care and holistic health, blending ancient wisdom with modern medical practices. Seniors can avail themselves of personalized Ayurvedic treatments, yoga sessions, and meditation workshops, which help in maintaining physical equilibrium and mental peace.

Community Building and Social Engagement

Community living and social interaction are central to the senior living experience. These communities are designed to encourage interaction, from communal dining spaces to group activities and social clubs. Such arrangements help counter the loneliness that many seniors might face, providing a network of peers and fostering friendships.

Innovative Models for Affordable Care

A unique challenge in Kerala is to make senior living accessible to the average retiree without compromising on quality. Innovative models such as life

leases and co-housing have emerged, wherein residents have ownership-like rights without the burden of maintenance. Moreover, some setups are exploring partnerships with local hospitals or rehabilitation centers to ensure medical services are affordable and efficient.

Challenges and the Way Forward

While the concept of senior living has taken root in the state, there remain challenges. One of the primary issues is the social stigma associated with seniors living away from their families. There is a need to educate the population that choosing a senior living facility is not about abandonment but about embracing a lifestyle that promotes independence and dignity in later life.

Another aspect that needs attention is the regulatory framework guiding senior living facilities. It is imperative to have strong policies in place to ensure the quality of services and safeguard the interests of the elderly.

Conclusion

Senior living in Kerala is an answer to a growing need for supportive, communitycentric, and culturally relevant lifestyle options for the elderly. By emphasizing holistic care, integration of traditional values, affordability, and fostering social ties, Kerala is shaping an ecosystem that respects and cherishes its aging population. As the state continues to innovate and refine this concept, senior living in Kerala has the potential to become a model for age-graceful living, not just within India but across the globe

Dr Arun Oommen MBBS, MS (Gen Surg), MCh (Neurosurgery), MRCSEd,MBA Senior Consultant Neurosurgeon VPS Lakeshore Hospital

NH-47, Bypass, Maradu, Nettoor PO, Kochi 682040, India.

Specific features that may affect IQ include the size and shape of the frontal lobes, the amount of blood and chemical activity in the frontal lobes, the total amount of gray matter in the brain, the overall thickness of the cortex and the glucose metabolic rate.

Factors Influencing Our Intelligence Quotient

The IQ of an individual is multifactorial and is determined by a multitude of factors. Nature and nurture work together in determining human intelligence. Human IQ is characterised by a high level of heritability. However, various modifiable environmental factors like education, premature birth, nutrition, pollution, drug and alcohol abuse, mental illnesses, and diseases can have an influence on an individual's IQ by reinforcing or weakening genetic susceptibility.

Although IQ attempts to measure some notion of intelligence, it may fail to act as an accurate measure of "intelligence". IQ tests only examine particular areas of "intelligence", failing to account for certain areas which are also associated with "intelligence" such as creativity or

emotional intelligence.

Genetics accounts for around 50% as per many studies and increases with age. Shared and nonshared environments account for 25% and 20%, respectively, the latter 5% being represented by errors in the evaluation of cognitive abilities. However, the role played by genetics and environment does not remain the same during the entire lifetime. People with high IQ genotypes pick stimulating environments and end up with high IQ. When we’re kids the brain is still growing and developing so there's the chance for the environment (mental stimulation, nutrition) to affect its development, but by the time we're adults the brain has peaked, so the environment can no longer affect it very much. Ronald Wilson presented the first clear and compelling evidence

that the heritability of IQ increases with age(Wilson effect). During brain aging, several environmental insults can produce neuronal damage by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Neurons protection and repair play a crucial role in order to prevent neuronal damage. These defense and repair processes are genetically determined. However, there are still so many limitations to our current knowledge about the particular genes involved in determining IQ.

Factors that Affect IQ

1. Genetic

Different studies have placed the genetic component at different levels ranging from 30-80%, but it is noted that the level of genetic influence increases with age, at least from childhood through to early adulthood. Twin studies show that

identical twins' IQs are more similar than those of fraternal twins.

Our brain structure and functionality -contribute to our level of intelligence. Specific features that may affect IQ include the size and shape of the frontal lobes, the amount of blood and chemical activity in the frontal lobes, the total amount of gray matter in the brain, the overall thickness of the cortex and the glucose metabolic rate. Well-functioning pathways correlate to better brain functioning, brain efficiency and information processing, which all point to better IQ scores. It should be noted that the correlation with brain size is not simple. Autism is also correlated with brain size in ways that are likely controlled by genes, although there are of course disturbed neuronal pathways in autism.

2. Environmental factors

We may be genetically predis-

posed to a certain brain volume, structure and pathways -- a certain level of intelligence set by our biology -- but how much we achieve isn't based on biology alone. The type of life we lead also affects intelligence.

Researchers theorize that if intelligence is purely biological, identical twins separated at birth should still have equal IQs. But that's not always the case, they find. Genetic effects cause bright children to seek out more stimulating environments that further increase IQ. Programs aiming to increase IQ would be most likely to produce long-term IQ gains if they caused children to persist in seeking out cognitively demanding experiences. Recent studies have shown that training in using one's working memory may increase IQ. But it is not clear how long improvements persist after training stops.

Improvements in nutritional policy, have been implicated in the

worldwide increase in IQ. Prenatal and early nutrition are linked to brain structure, behavior, and intelligence. There is evidence that providing a high-nutrient diet to very premature babies, particularly males, can help to reduce the loss of brain size and IQ often experienced by these babies. Zinc, Iron, folate, iodine, B12, and protein deficiency can also result in low IQ.

Breastfeeding may have some small effect on IQ but the effect may be explained by confounding factors including maternal intelligence. The association is conflicted by studies reporting positive and null effects. More research would be needed to confirm this.

Supplementation with creatine significantly increased intelligence in the elderly rather than young adults. However, it should be noted that there is a question mark over the safety of long-term creatinine

supplementation.

In adults, there is a positive correlation between musical training and IQ, but it is not evident that musical training has a positive effect on emotional intelligence and has been shown to positively influence linguistic abilities. Musically-trained kids showed greater improvement in finger motor skills and auditory discrimination skills, spatial-navigational reasoning, visual form analysis, numerical discrimination, and receptive vocabulary. They showed structural brain differences in regions linked with motor and auditory processing, and various frontal areas, the left posterior peri-cingulate and a left middle occipital region, but this may relate to the brain's need to integrate information from various modalities (visual, motor, auditory). It can be concluded that the effects of music on IQ may be small or negligible, transient, and probably confined to spatial intelligence.

Several factors can lead to significant cognitive impairment, particularly if they occur during pregnancy and childhood when the brain is growing and the blood–brain barrier is less effective. It includes pollut-

ants (e.g. lead, mercury, and organochlorides), alcohol, smoking, and drugs (marijuana, cannabis, and cocaine). Head injuries and mental illnesses can also cause cognitive impairment.

Mozart effect

Frances Rauscher and Gorden Shaw reported that college students

who listened to 10 minutes of Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos, showed an increase in IQ of 8 to 9 points on the spatial subtest on the StanfordBinet Intelligence Scale. The phenomenon was coined the Mozart Effect. However, the phenomenon is temporary and is due to short-term improvement in the performance of certain kinds of mental tasks known as "spatial-temporal reasoning".

Flynn effect

The Flynn effect is defined as the sustained increase in the raw intelligence of humans over time. IQ test scores have been rising at an average rate of around three IQ points per decade. Attempted explanations have included improved nutrition, a trend toward smaller families, better education, greater environmental complexity, and heterosis (the occurrence of genetically superior offspring from mixing the genes of its parents). Another proposition is the gradual spread of test-taking skills. The Flynn effect has been too rapid for genetic selection to be the cause

Adv Sherry Samuel Oommen: This article is authored by Adv Sherry Samuel Oommen. Adv Oommen, who specializes in constitution, tax and corporate laws has also cleared the final exams of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the Institute of Cost Accountants of India and the Institute of Company Secretaries of India. He has also completed his Masters Degree in Commerce, apart from obtaining a Post Graduate Diploma in Business and Corporate Laws from Symbiosis Pune. The views expressly are personal and should not be construed as a legal opinion.sherryoommen@nashcp.com.

Some Recent Tax Controversies - An International Tax Perspective

The domain of international tax has been evolving with each passing day and the action getting even more exciting. The Government of India with a view to addressing the challenges posed by the digital economy and ensuring that multinational enterprises pay their fair share of taxes in India introduced a levy called “Equalization Levy” vide Finance Act, 2016. The services falling within the purview of “Equalization Levy” has got radically amended over a period.

With a view to avoid a possible double taxation, the Government introduced a provision namely Section

10(50) to the Income-tax Act, 1961 (“the Act”) which provides for an exemption in respect of incomes which are subjected to Equalization Levy. To add to the confusion, an explanation was inserted to Section 10(50) vide Finance Act, 2021 which essentially stated as follows:

“For the removal of doubts it is hereby clarified that the income referred to in this clause shall not include and shall be deemed never to have been included any income which is chargeable to tax as royalty or fees for technical services in India under this Act read with the agreement notified by the Central Government under section 90 or section

90A.”

Thus, having regard to the explanation one would argue that if the income partakes the nature of royalty or fees for technical services under the Act, then such income would not fall within the ambit of Equalization Levy. The issue as regards whether a payment would fall within the ambit of the term “royalty” or “fees for technical services” or would fall within the purview of Equalization Levy is now an area fraught with litigation. One would perhaps say that the explanation added was arguably to gaslight the taxpayer, whilst giving ammunition to the Department. Is this notion

The Government of India with a view to addressing the challenges posed by the digital economy and ensuring that multinational enterprises pay their fair share of taxes in India introduced a levy called “Equalization Levy” vide Finance Act, 2016. The services falling within the purview of “Equalization Levy” has got radically amended over a period.

justifiable? I wish to narrate a case which came up for consideration before the Hon’ble Delhi High Court and I would leave the judgment to the readers.

Issue before the Hon’ble Delhi High Court

In a matter which came up for consideration before the Hon’ble Delhi High Court in the case of Amazon Web Services India (P) Limited (2023) 154 Taxmann. com 230, the Petitioner contended that since Equalization Levy was paid, the same would not be subjected to withholding tax. However, in the said case, the Department contended that withholding tax would apply and not Equalization Levy, despite Equalization Levy having already been paid by the e-commerce operator. In summary, the Hon’ble

Delhi High Court held as under:

“Considering that the nature of these proceedings is confined to withholding of tax, and that the financial year 2022-23 is already over, this Court had suggested to the parties that without prejudice to their rights and contentions regarding the chargeability of AWS USA's income under the Act, a total of 10% be withheld (less 2% Equalisation Levy that has already been paid) as withholding tax.”

TAX RESIDENCY CERTIFICATE – YET ANOTHER AREA EMBROILED IN A CONUNDRUM

The decision of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of Union of India Vs Azadi Bachao Andolan (2004) 10 SCC 1 has paved the way for courts to consistently ap-

ply a Tax Residency Certificate has a conclusive basis for determining the residence of a tax-payer. This was further reiterated by way of its introduction in Section 90(4) of the Act, which reads as follows:

“An assessee, not being a resident, to whom an agreement referred to in sub-section (1) applies, shall not be entitled to claim any relief under such agreement unless a certificate of his being a resident in any country outside India or specified territory outside India, as the case may be, is obtained by him from the Government of that country or specified territory. [Emphasis added].

Despite the said provision and the pronouncements of various Courts (including the Hon’ble Supreme Court), the Government has sought to change the status quo at

In the explanatory memorandum to the Finance Act, 2012, it was stated that the tax residency certificate containing prescribed particulars is a necessary but not sufficient condition for availing benefits of the Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA). The same words are proposed to be introduced in the Income Tax Act as sub-section (5) of Section 90.

various given times. To illustrate, the Government of India in a press release dated 01.03.2013 clarified as follows:

“In the explanatory memorandum to the Finance Act, 2012, it was stated that the tax residency certificate containing prescribed particulars is a necessary but not sufficient condition for availing benefits of the Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA). The same words are proposed to be introduced in the Income Tax Act as sub-section (5) of Section 90. Hence, it will be clear that nothing new has been done this year which was not there already last year.

However, it has been pointed out that the language of the proposed sub-section (5) of Section 90 could mean that the tax residency certificate produced by a resident of a contracting State could be questioned by

the income tax authorities in India. The Government wishes to make it clear that that is not the intention of the proposed sub-section (5) of Section 90. The tax residency certificate produced by a resident of a contracting State will be accepted as evidence that he is a resident of that contracting State and the income tax authorities in India will not go behind the TRC and question his resident status...”

One would have thought that the above press release should have nipped the issue as regards the conclusiveness of a certificate of tax residency, which was not to be so. One such issue came up before the Hon’ble Delhi High Court in the case of Blackstone Capital Partners (Singapore) Vi Fdi Three Pte Limited (2023) 452 ITR 111, where the core issue under consideration was as follows:

“The core issue that arises for consideration in the present writ petition is whether the respondentrevenue can go behind the tax residency certificate issued by the other tax jurisdiction and issue re-assessment notice under section 147 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (for short 'the Act') to determine issues of residence status, treaty eligibility and legal ownership.”

In the said judgment, the Hon’ble Delhi High Court has returned a clear finding that a tax residency certificate (“TRC”) is a conclusive proof for determining a taxpayers residential status. It would indeed be profitable to extract some of the key findings of the Hon’ble Delhi High Court:

“This Court is in agreement with the argument of learned senior counsel for the petitioner that the entire attempt of the respondent in seeking to question the TRC is wholly contrary to the Government of India's repeated assurances to foreign investors by way of CBDT Circulars as well as press releases and legislative amendments and decisions of the Courts in Azadi Bachao Andolan (supra), Vodafone International Holdings B.V. (supra), CIT(International Taxation v. JSH (Mauritius) Ltd. [2017] 84 taxmann.com 37/297 CTR 275 (Bom.) and Sanofi Pasteur Holding SA (supra)….

The TRC is statutorily the only evidence required to be eligible for the benefit under the DTAA and the

respondent's attempt to question and go behind the TRC is wholly contrary to the Government of India's consistent policy and repeated assurances to Foreign Investors. In fact, the IRAS has granted the petitioner the TRC after a detailed analysis of the documents, and the Indian Revenue authorities cannot disregard the same as doing the same would be contrary to international law.

Accordingly, this Court is of the view that the respondent-revenue cannot go behind the TRC issued by the other tax jurisdiction as the same is sufficient evidence to claim treaty eligibility, residence status, legal ownership and accordingly there is no capital gain earned by the petitioner liable to tax in India. Even the clarificatory press re-

lease dated 1st March, 2013 issued by the Finance Ministry pursuant to the 2013 amendment makes it clear that a TRC is to be accepted and tax authorities cannot go behind it. Further, since on the basis of repeated assurances by the Government of India which have been upheld by the Apex Court, the petitioner had invested in India, the respondent is estopped from arguing to the contrary.” [Emphasis Added]

Being aggrieved by the order of the Hon’ble Delhi High Court, the Department has now preferred an appeal before the Hon’ble Supreme Court. The Hon’ble Supreme Court has in its judgment dated 03.01.2024 stayed the operation of the judgment of the Hon’ble Delhi High Court, which

is reported in [2024] 158 Taxmann.com 261.

With the action now shifting to the Hon’ble Supreme Court, one would hope that principles laid down by the Hon’ble Delhi High Court would be upheld by the Hon’ble Supreme Court. Whether the dust would settle or would get further dustier, will only be answered by time. I would only hope that the tax authorities would observe the discipline expected of them and work in manner that fosters fairness and non-arbitrariness. Such conduct on the part of the those that act as guardians has been endorsed by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the landmark judgment in the case of Chaitanya Kalbagh (1989) 2 SCC 314

Rajiv Ambat Lifestyle Disorders Coach & Founder - NuvoVivo

About NuvoVivo (www.nuvovivo.com) Rajiv Ambat is the CEO of NuvoVivo, an online health & fitness company that is into medical fitness. He is a well-known speaker and author of the best-selling book - ‘The Midriff Crisis’ and lifestyle expert. Under the guidance of Mr Rajiv, his team at NuvoVivo help their clients manage/reverse lifestyle diseases like diabetes, cholesterol, fatty liver, uric acid, hypertension, PCOS, thyroid disorders, etc.

The Sunshine Vitamin: Shedding Light on Vit-D Deficiency!

Vitamin D, often referred to as the "sunshine vitamin," is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for various important functions in the human body. Unlike other vitamins primarily obtained through diet, Vitamin D can be synthesized in the skin when exposed to sunlight. In spite of living in a country where there is no dearth of sunlight, Vit-D deficiency is very prevalent! According to a study in 2023 involving 2.2 lakh people across 27 cities in India, 3 out of every 4 Indians are deficient in Vita-

min D. Or in other words, if you are an Indian, there is a 75% chance that you are deficient in Vit-D!

Vitamin D goes beyond just bone health and calcium absorption; it plays a multifaceted role in maintaining overall health. It regulates the expression of genes involved in immune function, modulates inflammation, and contributes to cell growth and differentiation. Adequate Vitamin D levels are also linked to reduced risks of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, certain cancers, and autoimmune

disorders. Moreover, this vitamin is crucial for the maintenance of mental well-being. Low levels of Vitamin D are often associated with an increased risk of mood disorders and cognitive decline.

The Role of Vit-D in the Body

Bone Health: Vitamin D's most recognized role is in maintaining optimal bone health. It facilitates the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the small intestine - essential for the formation and mineralization of bone. Deficiency in Vitamin D can

Vitamin D goes beyond just bone health and calcium absorption; it plays a multifaceted role in maintaining overall health.

hence lead to decreased calcium absorption, resulting in weakened bones, increased risk of fractures, osteoarthritis, and conditions such as rickets in children and osteoporosis in adults.

Immune System Support:

Beyond its role in skeletal health, Vitamin D is a crucial modulator of the immune system. It plays a role in both the innate and adaptive immune responses, influencing the function of various immune cells. Vitamin D is involved in the production of antimicrobial peptides and has anti-inflammatory properties, contributing to the body's ability to defend against infections. Adequate Vitamin D levels are associated with a reduced risk of respiratory infections, autoimmune disorders, and other immune-related conditions.

Managing Autoimmune Diseases: Vitamin D's influence on the immune system extends to

its role in modulating immune responses and preventing the development of autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues in the body. Vitamin D helps regulate the immune response by suppressing excessive inflammation and promoting immune tolerance. Vitamin D promotes the function of regulatory T cells, which are responsible for preventing the immune system from attacking the body's own cells.

Research suggests that adequate Vitamin D levels may reduce the risk of developing autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and lupus. Moreover, for those already diagnosed with autoimmune conditions, maintaining sufficient Vitamin D levels is extremely crucial to manage symptoms and potentially slow the progression of the

disease.

Regulation of Mood and Mental Health: Emerging research suggests a significant link between Vitamin D levels and mental health. Vitamin D receptors are present in areas of the brain associated with mood regulation. Low Vitamin D levels have been linked to an increased risk of mood disorders such as depression and seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Furthermore, Vitamin D may play a role in cognitive function and is being studied for its potential impact on reducing the risk of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Sources of Vit-D

There are 2 types of Vitamin D - Vit-D2 (ergocalciferol) and Vit-D3 (cholecalciferol). Vit-D2 is derived from plant sources, fungi, yeast, and mushrooms, whereas Vit-D3 is derived from animal sources. Vitamin D3 is the more

effective form (biologically active), closely resembling the Vitamin D produced under the skin.

Studies suggest that Vitamin D3 is more effective at raising and maintaining blood levels of Vitamin D compared to Vitamin D2. It has a longer duration of action in the body and is generally considered to be the preferred form for supplementation.

The major natural source of Vit-D is Ultraviolet B radiations of sunlight, which converts cholesterol below the skin epidermis to Vit-D. When UV-B radiation of 290-315 nm falls on the skin, the cholesterol (7-dehydrocholesterol) is converted into Vit-D. However,

Vit-D from the diet or from under the skin synthesised by UV rays is biologically inactive. It is changed to its active form through certain reactions that happen first in our liver and then in the kidneys.

In terms of food, fatty fish like salmon and mackerel are excellent sources of Vitamin D3. Other options include cod liver oil, egg yolks, red meat, liver and organ meat. In cases where individuals are unable to obtain sufficient Vitamin D from sunlight and diet, supplements are available. Vit D3-based supplements are most commonly used, as compared to Vit-D2.

How Vitamin D Deficiency

is Diagnosed?

Diagnosing Vitamin D deficiency typically involves a blood test to measure the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, the main circulating form of Vitamin D in the bloodstream. Blood tests can accurately assess the concentration of Vitamin D and classify individuals into different categories, such as deficient, insufficient, or sufficient. The recommended blood level for Vitamin D is often expressed as nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL) or nanomoles per liter (nmol/L). Why do people fall deficient in Vit-D?

Vit-D deficiency is common among people living in polluted

cities as a majority of the Ultraviolet - B radiations do not reach the earth’s surface and are reflected back from the atmosphere due to smoke, fog and pollutants.

Geographical variations in sunlight intensity also contribute to regional differences in Vitamin D levels. Northern regions, especially during the winter months, may experience reduced sunlight exposure, impacting the synthesis of Vitamin D in the skin. Areas with limited sunlight, such as those experiencing long winters or located at higher latitudes, pose challenges for sufficient sun exposure.

Despite being a sundrenched country, a substantial portion of the Indian population experiences limited sunlight exposure due to factors such as indoor occupations, cultural practices, and clothing styles. The majority of the Indian population also has higher levels of melanin in their skin, which provides protection against the harmful effects of excessive sunlight but also reduces the skin's ability to produce Vitamin D in response to sunlight. Individuals with darker skin may require more extended sun exposure to generate sufficient Vitamin D. The application of sunscreen also reduces the Vit-D levels in the body, for the same reason. Note that Ultraviolet B radiation does not penetrate through glass - hence sunlight exposure indoors through glass doors and windows is not helpful for Vit-D synthesis.

Further, traditional Indian diets (which itself varies across the geography) do not always include sufficient amounts of Vit-D-rich food. Fatty fish, which is a good source of Vitamin D,

Vit-D deficiency is common among people living in polluted cities as a majority of the Ultraviolet - B radiations do not reach the earth’s surface and are reflected back from the atmosphere due to smoke, fog and pollutants.

Such lifestyle aspects are the most common reason for low Vit-D levels among Indians. However, in some individuals, certain health conditions also can lead to low Vit-D levels.

may not be a staple in all regions and diets. A vegetarian diet, common among Indians, also poses a challenge in obtaining adequate Vitamin D. Certain cultural practices, such as avoiding direct sunlight due to concerns about skin darkening, also contribute to reduced sunlight exposure and, consequently, lower Vitamin D levels.

Such lifestyle aspects are the most common reason for low Vit-

D levels among Indians. However, in some individuals, certain health conditions also can lead to low VitD levels. Health conditions affecting the absorption of dietary fat, such as celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and certain gastrointestinal disorders, can lead to impaired absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, including Vitamin D.

Kidney and liver diseases also can cause low Vitamin D levels as

they impair the conversion of Vit-D into its active form. Certain autoimmune conditions, such as lupus and multiple sclerosis are often associated with lower Vitamin D levels. Overactivity of the parathyroid glands (hyperparathyroidism) is yet another medical condition, that can lead to increased breakdown of bone tissue, releasing calcium into the bloodstream and potentially decreasing Vitamin D levels. For those

grappling with low vitamin D levels due to such medical conditions, it is crucial to supplement them only based on your doctor's advice!

Sunlight exposure & safety guidelines

Ensuring optimal Vitamin D synthesis while maintaining skin health requires a delicate balance. Guidelines recommend spending a moderate amount of time outdoors during peak sunlight hours without sunscreen. The duration varies based on many factors like skin type (melanin content), any existing skin conditions, geographic location, and time of day.

As far as India is concerned, exposure of arms, legs, or the face for 10 to 30 minutes, between 10 am to 3 pm, two to three times a week, may contribute to adequate Vitamin D synthesis for most of us.

However, it's crucial to practice sun safety by avoiding excessive sun exposure to prevent skin damage

and reduce the risk of skin cancer. After the recommended exposure time, applying sunscreen or protective clothing is important. Risk of over-supplementation

While Vitamin D supplementation is often recommended to address deficiencies, excessive intake can lead to health risks - some of them very dangerous to life. Oversupplementation of Vitamin D can lead to increased calcium absorption, resulting in elevated levels of calcium in the blood. This can disrupt the normal electrical signaling in the heart, leading to irregular heartbeats or arrhythmias and manifest as palpitations, rapid heart rate, or other abnormal heart rhythms.

Calcium is essential for the contraction and relaxation of heart muscles. Excessive calcium can interfere with these processes, affecting the heart's ability to pump

blood effectively. It may also lead to calcification of blood vessels - a process associated with atherosclerosis (plaque/block in arteries).

It can also cause calcification of soft tissues including heart valves, lungs, kidneys, and brain - a condition known as ectopic calcification. High doses of Vitamin D may cause digestive issues and abdominal discomfort such as nausea, vomiting, and constipation. Increased levels of calcium also increase the chance of kidney stones and kidney damage.

Excess Vit-D levels in the body often happen with unscrupulous supplementation, and not through normal dietary/food sources. Those who are at risk of falling deficient in Vit-D levels are advised to follow the advice of a qualified health practitioner before consuming supplements. The appropriate dosage and frequency need to be adjusted to your lifestyle, health, and current Vit-D levels

Dolly Maria is founder of THE IGNIST, a training company born out of a noble cause and spirit. She holds a decade long experience being a passionate mentor and entrepreneur.

Your dedication, passion and determination towards what you want to achieve will decide the distance between you and your desired goal.

Dolly Maria

WHEN DREAMS BECOME YOUR REALITY!

If you ever looked back, retrospect with all of the happenings in your life, something that you undoubtedly agree with me would be that 90% of all that you are experiencing in your current reality was something that you dreamt of at some point of time in your life. Sometimes you even might have forgotten that you ever wanted it. But the Universe always works in mysterious ways. The universe always provides. Universe never forgets anything that you ever think of. And there you are today – experiencing all that you ever thought you would – whether it be good or bad.

That brings us to the ever-significant truth that we get to experience even what we fear of. We attract into reality what we give our energy to. If you are scared of something and are thinking about it almost all the time, chances are high that you have already invited the same fearful thing into your recent reality. Hence you need to be very carefully analysing your thoughts. Thoughts are energy. It emits strong frequencies into the higher collective consciousness. You don’t want to confuse it with what you really want. Hence make sure you only brood on what you actually want to experience, not what you do not want to go through.

We all have dreams and some are extremely intensive, those that you crave to achieve. Many a dreams we strategically

Your attitude through the waiting period speaks volumes about how much you want this, and how much you believe in it.

plan. We do our milestone-setting and 5-year planning etc. If you can imagine and visualise your goal very clearly in your mind, and take actionable plans inorder to achieve them, you can very well move yourself closer into making that dream into reality. The first step, as discussed, is definitely to have every small detail clearly panned out in the canvas of your mind. Your mind is your biggest ally. Your heart and mind coherence is what makes the impossible possible. So first you yourself need to be very sure of what you really want. You need to know why you want it. What are the reasons that make you crave so much to attain this goal? What are the pros and cons of achieving this desire? Is it going to be beneficial for you and the people around? What are the challenges that you need to hurdle through in achieving this dear dream of yours? And are you ready to expect the unexpected, to confront the unseen, to sustain n survive the intolerables? How much can you hold on to it? Hence, the very first step is to make sure you really want it. The next is to know that it is attainable.

What is achievable differs from person to person. If you turn back into history, most of the major breakthroughs were all once perceived to be impossible, something that cannot be done, something literally like black magic. When we envisioned submarines or aeroplanes, or mobile phones or projecting in virtual realities, there was always a time back in time when all these were considered to be totally unimaginable. Hence, it is your belief that makes your dreams a reality, first in your mind. Your actions will accelerate the making of it into this 3D world. All of your dreams will always take their own course for it to materialise. Sometimes it appears as per your strategized plans and timelines. But most of the time, your dearest dreams will be delivered as per the Universe’s destined time. All you need to do is to keep visualising, never to lose faith, keep acting on it and most evidently, "wait". Your waiting period is your testing period. Your attitude through the waiting period speaks volumes about how much you want this, and how much you believe in it. Some people give up sooner when

they see a longer waiting period. Negative thoughts creep and weed their mind saying 'this ain’t gonna happen', and then they fall prey into that demotivation and abandon their dreams. When you abandon a dream that's closest to your heart, you are abandoning yourself. You are letting yourself down. Please don't do that. When you feel disappointed, when you feel disheartened with things not happening, look into the history of how the impossible was done. It happened for people who kept waiting, kept believing, who kept trying incessantly untiringly for their dreams. They never surrendered to the negative voices in their head. But of course, you have to surrender, to the right source, the right belief. Letting go is inevitable- But you should let go of the bad habits, the destructive people, the damaging situations, and unproductive ideas. Do not ever let go of that beautiful picture of your future in your mind. Your fuel should be your belief in the visualisation that you have in your head. People and circumstances might be challenging at times. Because others can only advice according to their

faith. They probably haven't seen or dreamt what you have in your mind. You need to accept that some people do not dream, and some people cannot. When adversities come, they even demoralize others out of their faith. Your dedication, passion and determination towards what you want to achieve will decide the distance between you and your desired goal. Initially, it might look like nothing is happening, absolutely nothing is happening. Not even a slightest of the movement. But keep at it. I promise you, slowly you'll see the distance is reducing. Slowly you'll be able to experience some sudden unexpected changes that you never thought of. It might even be out of

your planning and mapping. Those are the miracles that we have seen across the globe across these centuries, now what we call technology n machines n gadgets n progress. We wouldn't have been able to experience this comfortable environment if someone back then hadn't dreamt of the impossible. What you dream of is what you become. What you think you are is what you become. The great visionary Abdul Kalam once dreamily stated that woke many, he said "Dream is not that which you see while sleeping, it is something that does not let you sleep.” Wake up to your reality, your reality is solely yours. Go get yours NOW!

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Winter's Whisper: Secrets to Transform Cracked Heels into Velvet Paws

Dr. Elizabath Chacko, MD-Kalpana International

Mob:

As winter blankets the world in a frosty embrace, it brings with it a unique set of challenges for our skin, and our feet often bear the brunt of the seasonal woes. There's no denying the discomfort of cracked heels, a common winter woe that can leave even the most resilient souls longing for a remedy. But fear not, for in the cozy realm of home remedies lies a trove of inventive solutions waiting to rescue your heels from the clutches of winter dryness. Join us on a journey where we explore creative and nourishing ways to pamper your feet, transforming cracked heels into a distant memory. Winter may be relentless, but armed with these natural remedies, your heels will emerge softer, smoother, and ready to dance through the season with renewed vigor.

Honey and Banana Bliss:

Start your healing journey with a natural elixir. Mash a ripe banana and mix it with a tablespoon of honey. Apply this creamy concoction to your heels and let it work its magic for 15-20 minutes before rinsing off. Bananas nourish the skin, and honey provides a moisturizing boost, leaving your heels feeling rejuvenated.

Olive Oil Overnight Soak:

Say goodbye to cracked heels with an indulgent olive oil soak. Before bedtime, massage warm olive oil onto your heels, ensuring it penetrates the dry, cracked areas. Slip on a pair of cozy socks and let the oil work its wonders overnight. Wake up to softer, more supple heels - a true winter miracle!

Epsom Salt Foot Spa:

Treat your feet to a spa day at home with an Epsom salt foot soak.

Fill a basin with warm water, add a handful of Epsom salt, and let your feet luxuriate for 15-20 minutes. Epsom salt helps exfoliate dead skin and promotes healing. It's a delightful remedy that combines relaxation and rejuvenation.

Avocado Avowal:

Harness the power of avocados for a hydrating heel treatment. Mash a ripe avocado and apply it generously to your cracked heels. The natural oils in avocados will moisturize and nourish your skin, leaving your heels feeling smooth and pampered.

Milk and Honey Heel Wrap: Create a healing wrap for your cracked heels using the age-old combination of milk and honey. Mix equal parts of milk and honey to form a thick paste. Apply it to your heels, wrap them in a warm towel,

and leave it on for 20-30 minutes. Rinse off to reveal softer, moisturized skin.

Shea Butter Sensation:

Unleash the richness of shea butter to combat winter dryness. Before bedtime, apply a generous layer of shea butter to your heels and cover them with socks. Let the shea butter work its magic overnight, providing intense hydration and healing for your cracked heels.

Lemon Juice Exfoliation:

The citric acid in lemon juice works wonders as a natural exfoliant. Mix lemon juice with warm water and soak your feet for 15 minutes. Gently scrub your heels with a pumice stone to remove dead skin. Rinse, pat dry, and marvel at the newfound softness of your heels.

As we conclude this journey into

creative remedies for winter-worn heels, imagine your feet as protagonists in a seasonal saga—resilient, pampered, and ready to face the frost. These home remedies offer more than just healing; they weave a narrative of self-care, turning your winter foot care routine into a ritual of self-love. Whether you opt for honey and banana bliss or an olive oil overnight soak, let these remedies be your allies in a winter tale where cracked heels find solace and softness. Winter may persist, but armed with these tricks, your heels are not just healed; they're poised to dance through the season with grace and comfort, leaving a trail of warmth in the snow.

Cheers to happy heels and a winter adorned with self-indulgent care!

Translating to "one lakh islands" in Malayalam and Sanskrit, the name Lakshadweep encapsulates its grandeur, although the islands were originally 36 until the submersion of Parali 1 due to sea erosion.

Lakshadweep Where Adventure Meets Serenity in India's Tropical Gem

Lakshadweep, a union territory of India, unfolds its tropical allure across 35 islands situated between the Arabian Sea to the west and the Laccadive Sea to the east, approximately 200 to 440 km off the Malabar Coast.

Translating to "one lakh islands" in Malayalam and Sanskrit, the

name Lakshadweep encapsulates its grandeur, although the islands were originally 36 until the submersion of Parali 1 due to sea erosion. As the smallest union territory, Lakshadweep forms a single Indian district with 10 subdivisions, and Kavaratti stands as its capital, falling under the jurisdiction of the

Kerala High Court. Jeseri serves as the primary native language in this cultural mosaic, where coral atolls, pristine beaches, and a vibrant marine life showcase the ecological richness of the region.

Best Time to Visit

Choosing the right time to visit Lakshadweep is crucial for

Agatti Island, cradled within the serenity of Lakshadweep, promises an incredible rendezvous with nature through its calm waters and surreal experiences.

experiencing its true splendor. The archipelago enjoys a tropical climate, making it an ideal year-round destination. However, the best time to visit is during the dry months of October to April when the weather is pleasant and the sea is calm, offering perfect conditions for water activities.

During these months, you can expect clear skies, gentle breezes, and comfortable temperatures ranging from 25 to 35 degrees Celsius. It's the perfect time to explore the coral reefs, indulge in water sports, and bask in the sun on the pristine beaches that Lakshadweep is renowned for.

Thrilling Adventures and Tranquil Escapes

• Snorkeling at Agatti Island Agatti Island, cradled within the serenity of Lakshadweep, promises an incredible rendezvous with nature through its calm waters and surreal experiences. One of the most captivating things to do in this tropical paradise is snorkeling, an activity that unfolds a world of wonder beneath the surface. The shallow shores, adorned with colorful reefs and exotic underwater creatures, create a mesmerizing underwater canvas. Accessible through Kochi via ship or local flight, the journey to Agatti unfolds endless possibili-

ties for exploration. Don't miss the chance to stay at the popular Agatti Island Beach Resort, a haven that perfectly complements the charm of Lakshadweep.

• Scuba Diving at Kalpeni Island

For adventurers seeking an adrenaline rush, Kalpeni Island beckons with its rich and vibrant underwater life. Scuba diving at Kalpeni Island is an unparalleled adventure, unveiling a world of exotic corals and a myriad of fish species. Dive into the crystal-clear waters and witness the stunning marine life, including wondrous turtles. With experienced instructors en-

suring a safe and enjoyable experience, scuba diving at Kalpeni Island stands out as one of the top-tier activities in Lakshadweep.

• Fishing at Kadmat Island

Kadmat Island, surrounded by a captivating lagoon, invites fishing enthusiasts to cast their dreams into its azure waters. Renowned for its fishing adventures, Kadmat Island promises a delightful experience for those who love the thrill of the catch. Accessible through a short helicopter ride from Agatti Island, this dazzling exotic destination captivates with its beauty, making fishing at Kadmat Island a must-notmiss activity.

• Kavaratti Island's Enchanting Charms

Exploring Kavaratti unveils cultural treasures, and a visit to the Urja Mosque stands out as a significant activity. This sacred sanctuary serves as a crucial pilgrim destination for Muslims and a premier tourist attraction. Beyond its religious significance, the mosque adds an extra layer to the island's allure, offering travelers a unique blend of natural beauty and cultural richness. Located just 123 kilometers away from the city center, Kavaratti Island beckons with its tranquil ambiance and diverse experiences for every type of traveler.

• Virgin Beaches at Bangaram Island

This extraordinary destination, open to both domestic and foreign tourists, promises an experience marked by virgin beaches, crystalclear lagoons, and breathtaking coral enclosures. The activities on Bangaram Island extend beyond the conventional, offering visitors a chance to savor fine dining, indulge in exotic liquors, and become mesmerized by the sheer beauty of nature. Situated 176 kilometers away from the city center, Bangaram Island beckons with its remote allure, inviting travelers to embrace the untouched beauty of Lakshadweep.

• Shopping at Amindivi Island

Renowned for its exquisite coir products, this island becomes a haven for cultural explorers and shopping enthusiasts alike. While it boasts a tropical climate, providing a lush landscape that spans 3 kilometers in length and 1.6 kilometers in width, foreign travelers are restricted due to government regulations. Indian visitors, too, must obtain permission to delve into the charm of Amindivi. For adventure seekers, water sports beckon, adding a thrill to the cultural richness. Coir products, crafted with finesse from tortoise shells and coconut shells, become an indispensable part of the Lakshadweep experience.

• Scenic view from Light House at Minicoy

Make sure to add the Minicoy Lighthouse to your Lakshadweep exploration. This iconic lighthouse, built by the British

in 1885 and standing at an impressive height of 50 meters, offers breathtaking views that are simply unparalleled. Although foreign travelers aren't allowed, those who do get the chance to ascend this historical beacon are in for a treat. The Minicoy Lighthouse provides a unique perspective that will stay with you for a lifetime.

•

Sunbathing At Androth Island

Ranked among the most beautiful islands in Lakshadweep, Androth Island stands out for its raw and untouched natural splendor. What sets this island apart is its minimal commercial activities, allowing it to retain its pristine allure. A haven for nature lovers, Androth Island offers a unique opportunity to bask in the simplicity of the environment. The sun-soaked, calm, and serene beaches on this island

provide an enchanting way to connect with nature. Sunbathing on these idyllic beaches offers a truly angelic experience, letting visitors unwind and appreciate the unspoiled wonders of Lakshadweep.

Lakshadweep's Allure Awaits You

Lakshadweep, with its pristine beaches, vibrant marine life, and rich cultural heritage, is a tropical paradise waiting to be explored. Whether you're an adventure seeker, a nature lover, or a food enthusiast, the archipelago has something to offer for everyone. Plan your visit during the dry months, engage in thrilling water activities, explore the diverse islands, and savor the unique flavors of Lakshadweep's cuisine. This tropical haven promises an unforgettable experience that will leave you longing to return to its mesmerizing shores

Vivek Venugopal is one of India’s top automotive writers with over a decade’s experience in road-testing and reviewing cars. He is currently the Editor of Quarter Mile magazine and a columnist in several leading magazines and newspapers. He is also a highly sought after consulting engineer and market analyst for many automobile manufacturers.

Hyundai Creta

There are cars that sell well and there are cars that define segments. Although it was the Duster that started this segment, soon the Hyundai Creta took over and people started referring to it as the Creta segment. With two successful generations and over 9 lakh cars sold, almost everyone knew Hyundai was onto a winner right from the start. We drove the latest 2024 facelift and here is what you need to know.

The second-generation Creta wasn't really to our lik-

ing when it came out in 2020. The unconventional styling left a lot to be desired. Thankfully this new facelift has made it more palatable. The front end now has a squaredoff design with full-width DRLs running over a blocklike grille. The headlamps are now positioned lower on the front bumper. The rear also gets revised styling with new full-width tail lamps, a redesigned tailgate and rear bumper. The sides remain the same and look a bit mismatched to the boxier edgier redesign of the front and rear. You get new

Hyundai claims to have improved the crash structure slightly and the Creta now comes with six airbags as standard.

alloy wheel designs though. Unlike the Kia Seltos which gets 18-inch wheels, Hyundai has stuck to 17 inches in the Creta.

Facelifts are usually only skin deep, but Creta gets a new dashboard and a new white and grey colour theme to lift the cabin ambience. The new dash has a revised centre console and two 10.25-inch screens with a copper-orange accent running underneath. The orange highlights continue to the piping on the seats which are a tasteful combination of white and grey. The front seats offer adequate space and good posture while forward visibility has always been good. The rear seat has generous width and legroom, is reclinable in two stages and now gets soft pillows for the headrests, although

you don't get even a head rest for the middle passenger. while the plastics around the cabin are nothing to write home about, the light colours of the cabin and the panoramic roof lift overall cabin ambience. Boot space remains at 433 liters.

The new Creta comes loaded with ESP, dual-zone climate control, ventilated seats, air purifier, powered driver seat, 360-degree camera, blind spot monitoring, Voice commands, a Jio Saavn subscription, connected car features, etc, but you miss out on wireless Apple CarPlay and Android Auto. You get level 2 ADAS functions with lane keep assist, adaptive cruise control, auto emergency braking, etc. Hyundai claims to have improved the crash structure slightly and the Creta now

comes with six airbags as standard.

The Creta gets three engine options - all four cylinders with an identical 1.5-litre capacity. The base engine is a naturally aspirated petrol with 113bhp and 144Nm and is perfectly suited for city use. It's refined, very tractable and comes with the option of a CVT. There is also the diesel with 114bhp and 250Nm torque and that gets a 6-speed torque convertor automatic option. It is also quite refined for a diesel and very fuel efficient. But our pick of the lot is the turbo petrol engine with 158bhp and 253Nm which comes with a 7-speed DCT. It revs smoothly and has a lot of grunt in most parts of the powerband. Performance is effortless and you soon realize the Creta is a lot quicker than it feels.

The Creta has always had a distinct soft edge to its suspension and while you can feel an underlying firmness, it’s very comfortable over bad roads at slow speeds.

There are various driving modes and the DCT gets paddleshifts allowing for some override, but like most dual-clutch transmissions, it does feel dimwitted at crawl and parking speeds.

The Creta has always had a distinct soft edge to its suspension and while you can feel an underlying firmness, it’s very comfortable over bad roads at slow speeds. Hyundai said it has tweaked the

damping slightly to reduce the bobbing at highway speeds, but we couldn’t feel any difference. The steering is light and lacks feedback and there is some body roll in corners, but overall handling is still very predictable. The brakes are strong with discs at the rear, although a bit more pedal feel would have improved things. It is not a car you buy for its dynamics, but it is very easy and relaxing to drive

around.

The Creta has never seen any slump in sales, but Hyundai has always been keen to keep it updated. This new one with its revised styling, more tech, updated engines and lots of comfort features is really taking the game forward. If you are still not sure, there is an N-line version joining the range in a few months and an EV coming later, so watch this space

Daydreams

Long whistle rhythm of gasps; to hasten my steps to get through the hustle, to get a window seat with the view of parallel scene.. your usual hint .. chukh..chukh..chukh...

Slowly and steadily from gallop to gallop humming the rising notes you move on like a dancer's rhythmic anklet-adorned feet.. chukh, chukh, chukh...

Afar, the laughing sky, birds shooting up from trees, sun scattering shiny seeds all over the fields; picture-like green hill ranges, cattle grazing lazily along, dogs and people appear and disappear, as do houses, towns, and places.. like pages of history..

Day paints many many images, as I sit watching, a light touch of tiny fingers of a li'l one, like that of a gentle breeze, copper-coloured curls, eyes brimming with tears, a ragged doll tied close

to his shrunken stomach, "Amma, please give me something", his lips plead, with a few coins tinkling in his scarred hand.. in them flashed the border of some region, into his hands fell some bullets; tinkling them he scampered beyond the range of my vision..

Leaving behind my daydreams, in what rhythm are you galloping, train.. War..war..war..?

I'm searching now for the chain, the emergency chain, a train rushes to an unknown land right through, splitting my heart, unable to stop it I whisper.. Peace..peace..peace..

Aparna Anish (Translated by Sara Mammen Caleeckal)

Aparna Anish Sara Mammen Caleeckal

The Distance

From me to you, From self to others, From violence to non-violence...

I'm slipping into the hollowness of silence, I am haunted with Your acid burned face And Half burned naked body Slowly, slowly the breath had stopped and your Blue braided hair coated with dark poison. destitute helpless, are you?

My kiss to you has imprisoned me, Oh, my love!

forgive me

And my clan

For all the distance that is manipulated, My beloved... will you?

K G Kannan

(Translated by Dr. Ajay Narayanan)

K G Kannan Dr. Ajay Narayanan

Guntur Kaaram

Guntur Kaaram is a riveting Telugu action drama that skillfully weaves a tale of family, politics, and redemption. Trivikram Srinivas's masterful storytelling unfolds a gripping narrative set against the backdrop of Guntur. Mahesh Babu's stellar performance as Ramana, a visually impaired man seeking justice and identity, is truly commendable. The film's intricate plot explores themes of betrayal, sacrifice, and the indomitable spirit of familial bonds. Sreeleela delivers a heartfelt portrayal as Amulya, adding emotional depth to the storyline. With a compelling mix of suspense and emotion, supported by an excellent ensemble cast including Meenakshi Chaudhary, Ramya Krishnan, and Jagapathi Babu, ‘Guntur Kaaram’ is a captivating cinematic experience that seamlessly combines action-packed sequences with a heartwarming family reunion. A must-watch for its engaging plot and stellar performances!

The Beekeeper

The Beekeeper is an exhilarating rollercoaster of action and suspense, masterfully directed by David Ayer and brilliantly written by Kurt Wimmer. Jason Statham delivers a powerhouse performance as the vengeful protagonist, adding depth and intensity to the character. The film's intricate plot, filled with unexpected twists and turns, keeps audiences on the edge of their seats. Emmy Raver-Lampman, Josh Hutcherson, and the stellar supporting cast contribute to the movie's gripping narrative. The highstakes national intrigue adds a layer of complexity that elevates ‘The Beekeeper’ beyond your typical action thriller. With breathtaking cinematography and pulse-pounding sequences, this film is a must-watch for fans of the genre. ‘The Beekeeper’ is a cinematic triumph, seamlessly blending heart-pounding action with a compelling story and a cast that delivers on all fronts.

Captain Miller

Captain Miller is a cinematic triumph that seamlessly blends epic storytelling, breathtaking visuals, and stellar performances. Dhanush, in the titular role, delivers a powerhouse performance, bringing depth and charisma to the character. Arun Matheswaran's direction is masterful, capturing the essence of the 1930s with meticulous attention to detail. The ensemble cast, including Shiva Rajkumar, Priyanka Arul Mohan, and Aditi Balan, complement each other flawlessly. The film's riveting narrative, set against the backdrop of the British Raj, weaves a compelling tale of courage, resilience, and the fight for justice. The action sequences are a visual treat, and the film's emotional core resonates long after the credits roll. ‘Captain Miller’ is an enthralling journey that marks the beginning of an eagerly anticipated trilogy.

Main Atal Hoon

Main Atal Hoon is a cinematic masterpiece that beautifully captures the essence of Atal Bihari Vajpayee's remarkable journey. Pankaj Tripathi's stellar performance brings the charismatic leader to life, showcasing the nuanced layers of Vajpayee's persona. The film, directed by Ravi Jadhav and penned by Rishi Virmani, seamlessly weaves together the political prowess, poetic brilliance, and statesmanship that defined Vajpayee. The narrative unfolds with a perfect blend of emotion and intellect, offering a profound insight into the man behind the political icon. Jadhav's direction is poignant, and the screenplay is both engaging and enlightening. ‘Main Atal Hoon’ is a heartfelt tribute to a leader who left an indelible mark on India's history, leaving audiences inspired and appreciative of Vajpayee's enduring legacy.

InAuthor : Kate Alice Marshall

Price : `2,611 (Hardcover)

‘No One Can Know’ by Kate Alice Marshall is a gripping tale of secrets, resilience, and the power of family bonds. Marshall weaves a compelling narrative that keeps readers on the edge of their seats, blending mystery with a heartfelt exploration of Emma's journey. The characters are vividly drawn, and their complexities add depth to the story. The revelation of Emma's hidden past and the shocking events surrounding her parents' murder create a suspenseful atmosphere that captivates from start to finish. Amidst the darkness, the theme of familial love shines through, making this novel a poignant celebration of strength and forgiveness. With its well-crafted plot and emotionally resonant themes, ‘No One Can Know’ is a must-read for those who crave a satisfying blend of mystery and heartfelt storytelling.

Author

No One Can Know The Fury

: Alex Michaelides

Price : `684 (Paperback)

‘The Fury’ by Alex Michaelides, the allure of a private Greek Island sets the stage for a spellbinding tale of betrayal, mystery, and murder. Michaelides' storytelling prowess shines as he masterfully navigates the complex web of relationships among Lana Farrar and her friends. The enigmatic narrator, Elliot Chase, adds an intriguing layer to the narrative, keeping readers on the edge of their seats with every twist and turn. The atmospheric setting enhances the tension, making the novel a captivating journey into the depths of human emotions. With meticulous pacing and a satisfying blend of psychological intrigue, Michaelides crafts a gripping thriller that will leave readers guessing until the very end. For those seeking an enthralling and immersive literary adventure, 'The Fury' is a must-read.

Argylle

Author : Elly Conway

Price : `1,777 (Hardcover)

Elly Conway's debut thriller, ‘Argylle,’ is an exhilarating journey into the heart of espionage and international intrigue. With a riveting plot centered around a Russian magnate's attempt to reshape global dynamics, Conway effortlessly weaves a tale that keeps readers on the edge of their seats. The characters, especially the enigmatic Frances Coffrey and the troubled yet skilled Argylle, are expertly crafted, adding layers of depth to the narrative. The novel's unique meta twist, mirroring the author's discovery of truth imitating fiction, adds an extra layer of excitement. With a high-stakes plot and cinematic pacing, ‘Argylle’ delivers a thrilling reading experience. As a bonus, the upcoming film adaptation promises to bring Conway's gripping narrative to an even broader audience, cementing her status as a rising star in the spy thriller genre.

The Heiress

Author : Rachel Hawkins

Price : `1,858 (Hardcover)

‘The Heiress’ by Rachel Hawkins is a spellbinding Southern gothic novel that seamlessly blends mystery and family drama. Hawkins expertly crafts a rich narrative around Ruby McTavish, a character as enigmatic as she is wealthy. The intricate plot, filled with suspicious deaths and a dark family history, keeps readers guessing until the very end. The character development, particularly with Camden and his wife, is masterfully executed, drawing readers into the complex world of the McTavish estate. Hawkins' vivid descriptions of North Carolina's landscape and the atmospheric setting contribute to the overall immersive experience. With its compelling storyline and well-rounded characters, ‘The Heiress’ is a captivating page-turner that showcases Hawkins' talent for weaving tales of intrigue and familial secrets.