ABPL20033 - Construction Analysis, Semester 2 - 2018 Dr Alberto Pugnale – Subject coordinator Dr Sofia Colabella – Senior Tutor Dion Keech – Tutor Thomas Martiniello, 834 955, 16 September 2018 Queenscliff House, Section 3C, Tutorial 11 ASSIGNMENT 3 FLIPBOOK SECTION 3D: LAYERS OF INFORMATION
PART ONE STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS; BELOW GROUND
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS; BELOW GROUND
The site condition affected the construction of the house due to it’s coastal location. As it was constructed on a sand dune the soil quality is very poor and as such the footings had to be dug further down to reach more suitable foundations. The sand also posed a challenge for the excavation of the basement level as the sand had to be battered at a low angle to stop it filling in the hole. This meant that pile retaining walls had to be dug on one side and the neighbours land had to be used on the other. The coastal locality also meant that galvanised steel needed to be used to prevent rusting from occurring. The building also needed a strong steel frame with adequate ties and strapping to combat the strong coastal winds. These winds also dictated where the open private spaces of the buildings could be located.
Lecture 2: Diego Bekinschtein Case studies: meet the architects
1. HORIZONTAL
PAD FOOTINGS
Pad footings installed to support the external stairs and to take the load from the structural steel members down into the ground.
2. VERTICAL
CONCRETE STUMPS
Concrete stumps installed to support the timber floor structure (secondary support structure) consisting of the bearers and joists which support the timber frame of the house.
3. TERRAIN
EARTH WORKS
The terrain and slope of the site impacted the construction of the footings as the soil type was sand which has a low cohesion level, causing it to backfill easily.
L2
- Negotiation with neighbours to use their land during excavation
EARTH WORKS
3
The large slope of the site from front to rear affected the construction of the house as is meant large excavation work had to be undertaken, which was then also affected by the soil classification of the site.
1
CONCRETE STUMPS
2
Concrete stumps defined the composition of the rear end of the below ground support structure as a timber flooring system was required due to new regulations which prohibited the extensive use of concrete due to thermal performance.
PAD FOOTINGS
Due to the site condition, extensive pad footings with lost form work and reinforcing were required for things such as the external stairs and steel connection points.
CONCRETE STUMPS
REINFORCED CONCRETE FOOTINGS
PERSPECTIVE SECTION
ISOMETRIC VIEW
ASSIGNMENT THREE: FLIP BOOK SECTION 3D LAYERS OF INFORMATION
DION KEECH STUDIO 11, 3.15PM WEDNESDAY
THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20033 - CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS
VERSION 2, 14 OCTOBER 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 01 of 06
1:50 AT A3
WORKS IN THIS STAGE IN ACCORDANCE WITH AS 3798-2007 Earthworks Guidelines AS 2870-2011 Residential Slabs and Footings AS 4801 Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems AS 3500-2013 Plumbing and Drainage
AS 3000-2007 Electrical Installations AS 5601-2004 Gas Installations AS 15018-2005 Generic Cabling for Homes AS1289-2017 Soil Strength AS 4654-2009 Waterproofing Membranes for Exterior Use
CASE STUDY: QUEENSCLIFF HOUSE ARCHITECT: JOHN WARDLE ARCHITECTS SECTION: 3C
02
PART TWO STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS; ABOVE GROUND The structure defines the composition of the architectural form and space through the limitations of material spans, capacity and sizes. It also dictates ceiling heights and the overall building height as services and structural elements run throughout the frame of the building. Ceiling heights are limited in the upper level kitchen due to the box gutter and bulk head for the kitchen services. On the other hand the structural systems define the space internally by allowing for expansive open plan rooms without the need for load bearing walls through the use of structural steel. This alongside large expanses of glass give a feeling of a larger space which is connected to the external views and landscape. Lecture 3: A. Pugnale + S. Colabella
Materials and systems: timber and steel
L3
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS; ABOVE GROUND
HORIZONTAL
1. GROUND FLOOR
VERTICAL
2. FIRST FLOOR
PRIMARY STRUCTURE
Galvanised steel beams to transfer the loads of the structure into the foundations as well as timber roof rafters. Prefabricated galvanised steel portal frame members also utilised to provide large spans for glazing in the kitchen/ living area.
SECONDARY STRUCTURE Timber floor joists supporting the flooring underlay and stud walls as well as roofing battens.
- The process of galvanisation adds a layer of zinc to the steel to prevent rusting
BRACING Strap bracing and plywood bracing panels are affixed to the timber stud frame for lateral stability.
FIRST FLOOR
2
Secondary timber floor joists are placed in between the primary steel beams.
1
GROUND FLOOR
The secondary joists sit on top of the primary bearers which then transfer the loads down to the concrete stumps into the foundations.
PRIMARY STEEL STRUCTURE
SECONDARY TIMBER STRUCTURE
PERSPECTIVE SECTION
ISOMETRIC VIEW
ASSIGNMENT THREE: FLIP BOOK SECTION 3D LAYERS OF INFORMATION
DION KEECH STUDIO 11, 3.15PM WEDNESDAY
THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20033 - CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS
VERSION 2, 14 OCTOBER 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 02 of 06
1:50 AT A3
WORKS IN THIS STAGE IN ACCORDANCE WITH AS4100-1998 Steel Structures AS4680 -2008 Hot Dipped Galvanised Coatings AS1554.1-2011 Structural Steel Welding AS1684.2-2010 Timber Framing
AS1720.1-2010 Timber Structures
CASE STUDY: QUEENSCLIFF HOUSE ARCHITECT: JOHN WARDLE ARCHITECTS SECTION: 3C
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PART THREE INTERNAL (NON-LOAD BEARING) PARTITIONS
INTERNAL PARTITIONS
The internal partitions organise the life inside the building by providing private and public zones through separation. Internal partitions are used to zone spaces based on function and to provide spaces for different household functions. On the other hand, they are removed in areas to create larger open spaces such as the kitchen/ living area. Internal partitions are also used to carry services such as plumbing and electricity as well as conceal appliances such as fridges and telecommunication devices.
1. FIXED Lecture 3: A. Pugnale + S. Colabella
Materials and systems: timber and steel
L3 2. NON-LOAD BEARING
- Common Australian softwood used in construction is Radiata Pine - Structural members usually made from Douglas Fir (Oregon)
2
External non-load bearing walls which make up apart of the buildings environmental protection and physical enclosure system.
FIXED
1
External partition walls are clad and cannot be moved as they would compromise the waterproofing of the structure.
Non-load bearing partitions are able to be changed and moved throughout the life of the building as they do not help to support the structure or transfer loads.
Movable pivot flush panel doors are utilised to define spaces in the laundry and powder room, as well as for privacy and sound isolation. In other rooms such as the kitchen open sections in the walls act as thresholds.
NON-LOAD BEARING
Internal partitions conceal areas which are private or are preferably concealed.
STRAP BRACING
NON-LOAD BEARING PARTITIONS
PLYWOOD BRACING
PERSPECTIVE SECTION
ISOMETRIC VIEW
ASSIGNMENT THREE: FLIP BOOK SECTION 3D LAYERS OF INFORMATION
DION KEECH STUDIO 11, 3.15PM WEDNESDAY
THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20033 - CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS
VERSION 2, 14 OCTOBER 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 03 of 06
1:50 AT A3
WORKS IN THIS STAGE IN ACCORDANCE WITH AS1684.2-2010 Timber Framing AS1720.1-2010 Timber Structures
CASE STUDY: QUEENSCLIFF HOUSE ARCHITECT: JOHN WARDLE ARCHITECTS SECTION: 3C
04
PART FOUR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONS
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONS
The environmental protections of the building were designed to be inbuilt and disguised by the architect. This was done through the use of box gutters being concealed by parapet walls and things such as the external awnings being concealed within the roof. The glazing also makes up a large area where the architect chose to hide the environmental protections of the building, by concealing the waterproofing and whether stripping behind the frame and cladding. Lecture 6: Giorgio Marfella
Waterproof technology - principles and innovation
INSULATION
L6
Insulation utilised in the roof and wall cavities to prevent heat gain/ loss within the building envelope.
- Silicone based lubricants are used for waterproofing as they can flex with the movement of the building
2
HORIZONTAL
1. WATERPROOFING
VERTICAL
2. INSULATION
Rhino Wrap sarking as well as sealants used to prevent moisture entering the building envelope. Breathable Rhino Wrap specified for the kitchen external wall due to the different cladding construction technique. The box gutter, downpipes and roof sheeting are also a part of the waterproofing system as they divert the flow of rainwater, however they are also apart of the buildings physical enclosure system where they are discussed later.
Insulation was utilised in all walls (R3.2 2xR1.6 Bradford Soundscreen batts), between floors (R2.5 Bradford Soundscreen batts) and in the roof (Bradford R4.0 gold batts between rafters) to maintain heat within the building envelope in winter and to also stop heat from penetrating in during summer.
WATERPROOFING
1
Vapour barriers separating the external cladding of the building from the internal wall cavity and insulation.
BULK INSULATION
PERMEABLE RHINO WRAP
ANT CAPS
PERSPECTIVE SECTION
ISOMETRIC VIEW
ASSIGNMENT THREE: FLIP BOOK SECTION 3D LAYERS OF INFORMATION
DION KEECH STUDIO 11, 3.15PM WEDNESDAY
THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20033 - CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS
VERSION 2, 14 OCTOBER 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 04 of 06
1:50 AT A3
WORKS IN THIS STAGE IN ACCORDANCE WITH AS3999-2015 Bulk Thermal Insulation AS 4654-2009 Waterproofing Membranes for Exterior Use AS4859.1-2002 Materials for Thermal Insulation AS2588-1998 Gypsum Plasterboard
AS3740 Waterproofing Wet Areas
CASE STUDY: QUEENSCLIFF HOUSE ARCHITECT: JOHN WARDLE ARCHITECTS SECTION: 3C
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PART FIVE MECHANICAL + ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
MECHANICAL + ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
The architect organised the internal spaces to place mechanical and electrical services efficiently by locating key areas above and close to each other. In this case the laundry and plant room sit directly below the kitchen and powder room, all areas of which have a large amount of services running through them. There is also a central telecommunication area located in the kitchen were various communication equipment is located. These key service areas are also positioned near the lift core and stair well where the riser for the service pipes would be located.
3
HVAC
ELECTRICITY
Exhaust fan used in Kitchen to remove dirty air produced from cooking.
Wiring installed between joists and studs in the timber frame walls and ceilings.
Gas supplied to the kitchen for the gas stove via the gas meter and mains gas connection. Gas also used for the hot water system.
1. GAS SUPPLY
4
COLD WATER SUPPLY
2. WATER SUPPLY
Cold water brought onto site via the mains water connection through the water meter.
HOT WATER SUPPLY
3. ELECTRICITY
Hot water created on site using a hot water system to then supply taps and services such as the hydronic heater panels.
Electrical wires installed between stud frame and floor/ ceiling members prior to plasterboard. Additional cabling such as data and sound system cables also installed for later connection. All electrical wiring is connected to the switch board which receives and distributes electricity from the street via the electricity meter. Electrical wires connect to light switches, GPOs and smoke alarms.
4. HVAC The Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning System (HVAC) is comprised of the hydronic heaters as seen in the laundry and the exhaust fans as seen in the kitchen and powder room.
GAS SUPPLY
1
HYDRONIC PANEL HEATING SYSTEM
Gas brought into the kitchen via pipes in the wall cavities and connected to the stove.
WATER SUPPLY
Hot and cold water pipes running through wall and ceiling cavities connected to the hot water system and mains water supply. Waste water from the kitchen, powder room and laundry are then discarded down to the sewer.
GAS FLUE/ EXHAUST
2
WASTE (COLD) WATER OUTPUT
COLD WATER (MAINS) INTAKE
HOT WATER INTAKE
GAS INTAKE
HYDRONIC HEATER PANEL
PERSPECTIVE SECTION
ISOMETRIC VIEW
ASSIGNMENT THREE: FLIP BOOK SECTION 3D LAYERS OF INFORMATION
DION KEECH STUDIO 11, 3.15PM WEDNESDAY
THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20033 - CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS
VERSION 2, 14 OCTOBER 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 05 of 06
1:50 AT A3
WORKS IN THIS STAGE IN ACCORDANCE WITH AS 3500-2013 Plumbing and Drainage AS3740 Waterproofing Wet Areas AS 5601-2004 Gas Installations AS 3000-2007 Electrical Installations AS 15018-2005 Generic Cabling for Homes
CASE STUDY: QUEENSCLIFF HOUSE ARCHITECT: JOHN WARDLE ARCHITECTS SECTION: 3C
06
PART SIX PHYSICAL ENCLOSURE SYSTEMS The physical enclosures of the building express the internal spaces and materiality through the extensive use of timber and glazing. The timber cladding expresses the materiality of the internal linings, with timber panelling and floor boards being used inside. It is also a natural material, which has been left to weather on the external facade tying the building into its surroundings. The large panes of glass express the large open spaces felt within the building, connecting it back to the surrounding landscape. The structure however has been hidden, with the main structural steel beams being carefully concealed and detailed with cladding.
Lecture 6: Giorgio Marfella
Waterproof technology - principles and innovation
L6
- Roof sheeting is a waterproofing strategy used to divert the water off the roof down gutters and downpipes
ROOF
PHYSICAL ENCLOSURE SYSTEMS
BOX GUTTER + DOWNPIPES
HORIZONTAL
1. ROOF
ROOF SHEETING
VERTICAL
2. WALLS
FLASHING
1
The roof a major physical enclosure system as it diverts water (in the form of rain) off the building.
A box gutter is used to discretely remove rainwater collected on the roof and divert it to the storm water drain via the concealed downpipes.
The colourbond roof sheeting acts as an enclosure to the building, diverting the water into the box gutter.
Flashing was utilised above doors, windows and openings to prevent the creep of moisture into the wall cavities.
3. WINDOWS
EXTERNAL CLADDING
DOUBLE GLAZING
Timber battens and cement sheeting are installed to clad and protect the exterior walls of the building. Sarking is installed behind the external cladding as a moisture barrier.
The double glazing utilised in the windows protect the building envelope from the external elements whilst still allowing for light and views. It also acts as an insulative barrier due to the air gap between the two panes of glass.
WALLS
2
External walls which are clad provide a barrier between the external elements and inside.
3
LYSAGHT METAL ROOF SHEETING
WINDOWS
Windows allow for light, ventilation and views, however they are also key in enclosing the building.
SARKING + FLASHING BOX GUTTER
MATRIX CEMENT SHEET CLADDING TASSIE OAK TIMBER WINDOW FRAMES
SPOTTED GUM TIMBER CLADDING
PERSPECTIVE SECTION
ISOMETRIC VIEW
ASSIGNMENT THREE: FLIP BOOK SECTION 3D LAYERS OF INFORMATION
DION KEECH STUDIO 11, 3.15PM WEDNESDAY
THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20033 - CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS
VERSION 2, 14 OCTOBER 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 06 of 06
1:50 AT A3
WORKS IN THIS STAGE IN ACCORDANCE WITH AS3999-2015 Bulk Thermal Insulation AS1562.1-1992 Design + Installation of Sheet Roof AS3500.1-2003 Plumbing + Drainage AS2047-2014 Windows and External Glazed Doors
AS1288-2016 Glass in Buildings HB 125-2007 The Glass and Glazing Handbook AS/NZS 4666-2000 Insulating Glass Units AS 4654-2009 Waterproofing Membranes for Exterior Use AS4386.1-1996 Domestic Kitchen Assemblies
CASE STUDY: QUEENSCLIFF HOUSE ARCHITECT: JOHN WARDLE ARCHITECTS SECTION: 3C
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