STREET
Lore
CLIENT PROFILE
Strong warm Northern Winds in the am during Summer. Strong during am and pm in Winter
LPD
T
080
0 170
0
Vegetation in an arc like formation around the northern aspect of the house for shading and protection from unwanted strong winds.
Winter Sun Path: Lower in the sky and rises + sets further towards the North. This warm sun is desirable.
E
LPD W
W
E T
Impact from neighboring properties minimal due to the large site and distance between buildings.
NEEDS
S
E
The Patels are an elderly couple who are planning to move to a vacant block at Hoppers Crossing. They have fourteen grandchildren whom they are always babysitting. Being elderly, the couple often gets sick and therefore needs very good heating and cooling. They like the idea of building an energy efficient house so that their energy bills will be lower in the future. They also like the idea of being able to zone the house off when the grandchildren are not around. The Patels have also been researching Environmental Design in their down time and are interested in using their house to show off many of these principles. They also want to utilise local materials with a low embodied energy. Seeing greenery from windows is also something they desire. One of the grandchildren also has asthma so the heating and cooling systems need to cater for this. The couple also wish to produce their own fruit and vegetables on site to reduce their reliance on transported goods. Finally the couple wish to save and reuse water where ever possible, but not to an extent which may cause them health issues due to their weak immune systems. - Large living area to look after grand children - Outdoor entertaining area
W LPD
However house situated closer to the Eastern boundary due to large double story wall on Western boundary from this property.
E S
00
18
Vegetation to protect against strong winter winds.
DESIGN RESPONSES 07
00
T
W
- Good insulation/ passive design to reduce energy bills - Thermal mass to provide extra heat - Materials low in embodied energy - Orientating living areas to the north to capture the most free energy - Zoning added into floor plan to reduce heating/ cooling zones - Utilise vegetation to aid in natural cooling + visual appeal - Provide water systems for vegetable production
TEMPERATURE DATA
0600
2000
HOPPERS CROSSING TEMPERATURE DATA Annual Mean Max. / Min. Annual Highest/ Lowest Temperature January (Summer) Mean Max./ Min. July (Winter) Mean Max./ Min.
PERMEABLE WIND BARRIER USING TREES
Summer Sun Path: Higher in the sky and rises + sets further towards the South. This hot sun is not desirable.
Deciduous vegetation to protect against harsh Western sun in Summer only.
MIDDAY SUMMER SOLSTICE SUN ANGLE 76.5 DEGREES. EQUINOX 53 DEGREES. MIDDAY WINTER SOLSTICE SUN ANGLE 29.5 DEGREES.
Vegetation used to direct cooling breezes.
Rainwater harvesting.
SOLAR ACCESS
Hoppers Crossing Daily Global Solar Exposure Annual Mean 4.2kW/m^2 Lowest 3.9kW/m^2 Highest 4.6kW/m^2 Summer Solstice Daylight Hours (21 June) Winter Solstice Daylight Hours(21 Dec.) Summer Solstice Sunrise + Sunset Times Winter Solstice Sunrise + Sunset Times Mean Number of Clear Days Annually Mean Number of Cloudy Days Annually
Moderate winds coming from the SW in the am in Summer and a smaller amount in the pm in Winter.
Vegetable production Almost perfectly flat site with no need to consider slopes.
9:32hrs 14:47hrs 07:37-17:09 04:56-19:44 45.6 166.7
ASSIGNMENT ONE SITE PLAN - OUTER WESTERN SUBURB (4) THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20036 - ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEMS
N 1:200 AT A3
NAYAN P. STUDIO 11, 4.15PM FRIDAY VERSION 4, 01 SEPTEMBER 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 01 of 10
MELBOURNE CBD TEMPERATURE DATA (COMPARISON) Annual Mean Max. / Min. 20.3°C/ 11.5°C Annual Highest/ Lowest Temperature 37.8°C/ 0.6°C January (Summer) Mean Max./ Min. 25.9°C/ 15.9°C July (Winter) Mean Max./ Min. 13.3°C/ 6.6°C Overall the site experiences slightly higher and lower temperatures throughout the year compared to the CBD however annual means are just below that of the CBD. The site is situated in Climate Zone 6 Mild Temperate as defined in the BCA, which means there are four distinct seasons so heating and cooling is required. The zone also has a low day-night temperature range so thermal mass is needed in the nighttime.
RAINFALL DATA
MELBOURNE CBD ANNUAL RAINFALL DATA (COMPARISON) Mean 662.3mm Lowest 388.2mm Highest 930.4mm Overall the site receives on average 119.9mm less rainfall annually compared to the CDB.
WIND DATA (HOPPERS CROSSING)
Mean Annual 9am Wind Speed 15.4km/h Mean Annual 3pm Wind Speed 21.1km/h Therefore the strongest winds effecting the site will be in the afternoon. Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology. (2018). Climate Data Online. Retrieved from http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/data/.
Strong cooling pm winds from the South in Summer. Less strong during Winter.
Overall the site receives a decent amount of sun which can be utilised through capturing energy in solar panels as well as from passive design.
9.3°C -1.4°C 13.8°C 5.1°C
HOPPERS CROSSING ANNUAL RAINFALL DATA Mean 542.4mm Lowest 277.6mm Highest 768.2mm
NORTH
SUN ANGLES
19.7°C/ 40.6°C/ 25.7°C/ 13.7°C/
Marsh, Andrew. (2018). Sunpath Simulator. Retrieved from http://andrewmarsh.com/apps/staging/sunpath3d.html.
LEGEND SEWER LINE WATER LINE GAS LINE POWER LINE STORM WATER LINE
GAS METER WATER METER SEWER PIT TELECOM PIT ELECTRIC POLE W/ STREET LIGHT
SIDE ENTRY PIT JUNCTION PIT LEGAL POINT OF DISCHARGE TREE SITE BOUNDARY
COOL WINTER WIND COOL SUMMER WIND WARM SUMMER WIND WARM WINTER WIND SUN PATHS
E LPD W S T
ELECTRICITY CONNECTION STORM WATER PIPES MAINS WATER PIPES SEWAGE PIPES TELECOM CABLES
ON SITE STORM WATER DETENTION POND PV PANEL
SOLAR ACCESS
TIMBER SLATTED PERGOLA WITH DECIDUOUS VINES TO BLOCK OUT SOME OF THE HARSH SUMMER SUN AND PROVIDE GREENERY FROM WINDOWS.
The house has been orientated with the living room and kitchen (daytime use zones) to the north for northern solar access. The master bedroom obtains eastern solar access in the morning, and guest bedrooms 2 and 3 also receive eastern and northern light. Minimal wall exposure to the western sun to prevent overheating with minimal western glazing. Utility areas such as the bathroom and en suite have been positioned to the south as they do not require as much direct sun.
EAVE LINE
N
PASSIVE HEATING
ROOF SECTION 2600 x 0.45 (45% 0f height from base of window to eave) = 1170mm However as Melbourne is in a cooler climate allowance for an additional reduction of 3% for more winter sun. = 1170 - 35.1 (1170 x 0.03) = 1134.9mm
W-02
W-03
W-03
W-05
FIXED VERTICAL SHADING.
THERMAL MASS
Therfore 1100mm Northern Eaves
W-02 MIDDAY SUMMER SOLSTICE SUN
W-04
EQUINOX
W-01
W-02
MIDDAY WINTER SOLSTICE SUN
W-02 THERMAL MASS IN THE FORM OF RAMMED EARTH WALL. W-05
600 2000 100
The main daytime living areas of the house have been oriented to the North to maximise solar gain. Thermal mass walls have also been utilised in the living areas to store this heat, to then be released as the temperature cools down overnight. Trees and shading will also be utilised to let in the warm winter sun and cut out the summer sun.
N
EAVES SECTION + CALCULATION
Two thermal mass walls will be built in the main living area to provide thermal mass within the building. One wall will be shared with the master bedroom to provide heat in winter into the bedroom. The flooring will also be selected to increase the thermal mass of the house. The thermal mass will be utilised as a part of both the passive heating and cooling strategies.
VENTILATION/ PASSIVE COOLING
Cross ventilation has been utilised to passively cool the house. Louvered windows have been positioned in the living area in front of a water body to allow for cross ventilation and cooling breezes. All living and sleeping rooms have been designed with a minimum of 2 windows for effective ventilation. Stack ventilation will also be achieved through the roof type with clerestory windows.
GLAZING
W-01 W-05 LOUVERED WINDOW FOR CROSS VENTILATION.
Double glazed windows in timber frames (good insulation properties as well are being better for the environment due to its embodied carbon) to be used. Main windows casement windows to allow for 45% opening capacity for ventilation. Some specified windows louvered for cross ventilation.
SHADING
Norther Shading: Deep eaves will be used to cut out the high summer sun angles. Northern eaves to be 1100mm deep (as per diagram) and the rest of the house to be 600mm deep accounting for 1200-1350mm window to eave heights.
W-01
W-01
W-02
W-02
W-02
Eastern Shading: Fixed timber vertical batten screens attached to the house on which deciduous vines can grow to block out harsh summer sun.
WATER BODY TO COOL BREEZES AS IT ENTERS THE HOUSE.
DECIDUOUS TREE SHADING
ADDITIONAL DOORS INSTALLED FOR ZONING TO SEAL OFF HALF OF THE HOUSE WHEN NOT IN USE TO CONSERVE ENERGY.
TREES AGAINST WESTERN WALL TO REDUCE HOT SUMMER SUN.
WATER BODY TO COOL BREEZES AS IT ENTERS THE HOUSE. SEE WINDOW SCHEDULE FOR WINDOW SIZES AND TYPES.
Southern Shading: Deciduous planting where needed as it is situated in a cool climate. Western Shading: Fixed pergola will be used also with deciduous vines. For the first 10 years while the vines mature and establish shade sails can be implemented. Deciduous tress will also be planted. All windows will also be fitted with internal drapes and pelments to reduce heat transfer/ loss through the windows.
NOISE
FUNNELED VEGETATION TO DIRECT SUMMER BREEZES. PERGOLA WITH DECIDUOUS VINE SHADING *DETAIL DIAGRAMS DRAWN AT 1:200
ASSIGNMENT ONE PASSIVE DESIGN - EMU HOUSE THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20036 - ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEMS
N 1:100 AT A3
NAYAN P. STUDIO 11, 4.15PM FRIDAY VERSION 3, 17 AUGUST 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 02 of 10
LEGEND VENTILATION ARROW DECIDUOUS TREE EVER-GREEN TREE WATER THERMAL MASS
ZONING DECIDUOUS VINES INTERNAL DRAPES ROOF LINE
Sound absorbent insulation will be used in internal stud walls to reduce the noise transfer through the inside of the building. Bushes and hedges will also be used on the external facade of the building to help absorb traffic and other noise. Australian Government. (2017). Your Home (5th Edition). Canberra: Canprint Communications.
2
ROOF MATERIAL
The roof chosen will be a divided into two materials based on the split pitch of the roof. A green roof with native succulent varieties will be grown on the Northern half of the roof and colourbond steel sheeting will be used on the Southern portion. The green roof was selected for its low embodied energy, its addition of greenery to the site as well as its environmental and sustainable building benefits. The green roof be an extensive green roof with a 200mm substraight reducing the need for large structural beams, as succulents only have a shallow root system. Succulents are also drought hardy and require little to no watering making them suitable for the sites climate. The roof will also attract native wildlife adding to the buildings ecology and it will also contribute to the buildings thermal performance. Finally the choice of roof will contribute to the storm water management of the site. The use of colourbond sheeting on the second half of the roof will allow for rainwater harvesting for use in the house. The sheeting will be recycled and tin (silver) in colour to reflect the suns rays. The choice to source recycled sheeting is to reduce the embodied energy of the steel as it requires a great amount of energy to be produced.
THERMAL MASS WALL SECTION
FLOOR MATERIAL/ PASSIVE HEATING
*not to scale
a. 300mm rammed earth
1
Example images of power points, service pipes and cables being appropriately sealed using tape after installation through the walls.
EXTERNAL WALL SECTION *not to scale
a.
a. 50mm earthern render b. 90x45mm timber stud frame c. 450mm straw bale
(http://bldgtypblog.blogspot.com/2012/08/)
c.
3 INTERNAL WALL SECTION *not to scale
a. 10mm plaster board b. 90x45mm timber stud frame c. 90mm Knausfinsulation Batts
Growing medium (200mm) Geotextile Drainage layer Root barrier Lightweight roof deck Double sided reflective foil
a.
b.
1
a.
SEALING
b.
a.
c.
2
a.
Bulk insulation
GREEN ROOF SCHEMATIC SECTION *not to scale
Example image of sealing around windows and doors using appropriate, weatherproof, durable and flexible caulking.
3
Colourbond roof sheeting
A concrete slab-on-ground will be used as the flooring choice with the use of a geopolymer binder system instead of cement and recycled aggregates. The slab will be used to provide thermal mass the for internal space. The slab will be fully insulated around the vertical perimeter to the full depth of the slab as well as underneath using rigid polystyrene insulation. The insulation is to have a minimum R-value of 1 and be water resistant. (http://www.globalgreentag.com/products/recycled-32-mpa-con crete/) (https://www.wagner.com.au/main/what-we-do/earth-friendly-concrete/efc-home) Under floor heating will also be installed in the form of a horizontal loop water to water ground source heat pump (GSHP) sourced from GEOExchange Australia (https://www.geoexchange.com.au/products/#pro-title2). The concrete slab will be the final flooring finish to allow maximum thermal mass capabilities.
Double sided reflective foil
(https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/the-impo rtance-of-air-sealing-113290)
Roof structure
For the house to be as efficient as possible and to minimise heat loss air tight construction detailing will be implemented throughout the house. This includes: - Using tape around window frames and around the sarking to reduce possible air gaps - Cornice cement should also be used round the ceiling joints to stop air leakage from the ceiling - Window and door frame junctions and gaps are to be sealed with weather strips and/or durable and flexible caulking - Bulk insulation to be used in any wall cavities with expanding foam used where bulk insulation cannot be - Installing auto door closers to stop doors (external to internal) being left open - All power points to be boxed and sealed with tape as well as switches and any other outlet penetrating into the wall cavity - All exhaust fans and down lights to be seal with insulation and tape - Vapor barriers and breathable membranes to be installed for moisture regulation
INSULATION
WINDOWS - Internal drapes used SLAB - Knausfinsulation Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) Climafoam Board, R-value 2.7, thickness 75mm (https://www.knaufinsulation.com.au/product/climafoam-extruded-polystyrene-xps-board)
Bulk insulation
INTERNAL WALLS - Knausfinsulation Glasswool - Earthwool Internal Batt, R-value 2.7, thickness 90mm (chosen to fit into a standard timber stud wall) (https://www.knaufinsulation.com.au/product/earthwool-internal-wall-batt)
TIN ROOF SCHEMATIC SECTION *not to scale
WALL MATERIAL
Local wheat straw bales will be used for the external wall construction (450mm wide) with 50mm earthern render skin to provide thermal mass. The bales will sit inside a timber frame made from recycled timber which has been FSC certified. The bales were selected for their high insulative properties with an R-value exceeding 10, as well as their low embodied energy and negative carbon footprint. Two rammed earth walls will also be built in the main living area to provide thermal mass within the building. One wall will be shared with the master bedroom to provide heat in winter into the bedroom. The other internal walls will be timber stud walls filled with insulation to maximise the efficiency of the zoning.
WINDOWS + WINDOW SCHEDULE
All windows to be double glazed (apart from W-05) with window frames to be made of hardwood grown in temperate regions from FSC certified mills. All window frames to be left without any subsequent finishes required. This was chosen based on thermal performance and passive heating capabilities.
W-02
W-03
W-05
W-04
W-04: Aspect Windows Pty Ltd, Hardwood Sliding Door, Double Glazed, U-value 2.0 SHGC 0.31
Window Energy Rating Scheme. (2018). Victorian Produce Search. Retrieved from http://werscpd.net.barberry.arvixe.com/browse.aspx?state=VIC#.
W-05: Breezway Australia Pty Ltd, Breezway Altair Louvre Components in a hardwood timber frame, Single Glazed, U-vlaue 3.4 SHGC 0.49
N 1:100 AT A3
NAYAN P. STUDIO 11, 4.15PM FRIDAY VERSION 2, 17 AUGUST 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 03 of 10
600
300
RAMMED EARTH WALL STRAW BALE WALL
2000
WINDOW ORIENTATION % CALCULATION
LEGEND STUD FRAMED WALL
800
ROOF LINE
Total Glazed Area: 17m^2 Northern Facing: 5.8m^2 (34.12%) Eastern + Western Facing: 8.1m^2 (47.65%) Southern Facing: 3.1m^2 (18.24%)
EXTERNAL WALLS - Bradford Thermoseal Wall Wrap (https://www.bradfordinsulation.com.au/home-insulation/wall-wraps/thermoseal-wall-wrap) The main insulation was selected from Knausfinsulation as this company uses recycled materials, lowering the embodied energy of the produce. Both companies are also certified by the Global Green Tag Certification. All insulation is also low in VOC’s with good results for health and ecotoxicity and biodiversity. The Bradford insulation also has acoustic properties on top of the thermal.
2000
2100
2000
1200
W-03: Aspect Windows Pty Ltd, Hardwood Casement Window, Double Glazed, U-value 2.0 SHGC 0.27.
2000
W-02: Aspect Windows Pty Ltd, Hardwood Casement Window, Double Glazed, U-value 2.0 SHGC 0.27.
Terence Conran. (2012). Eco House Book. Unknown: Octopus Publishing Group.
THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20036 - ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEMS
W-01
W-01: Aspect Windows Pty Ltd, Hardwood Casement Window, Double Glazed, U-value 2.0 SHGC 0.27.
Forest Stewardship Council. (2018). Certified Timber. Retrieved from https://au.fsc.org/en-au/buy-fsc-certified/timber.
ASSIGNMENT ONE MATERIALS + CONSTRUCTION
ROOF - Knausfinsulation Glasswool - Earthwool Ceiling Batt, thickness 275mm. Reflective foil (double sided) also used on ceiling as well as reflective insulation in the roof space to create a reflective roof space. (https://www.knaufinsulation.com.au/product/earth-wool-ceiling-batt)
300
A good rule of thumb for Victoria is; 30-60% Northern 10-30% Eastern + Western 5-15% Southern
Overall, these insulation products were chosen to maximise the retention of heat within the building envelope, whilst still being conscious of the clients desire for materials with low embodied energy - hence the move towards recycled products.
The values for this house are slightly different to the rule of thumb however this was due to the location of key services such as the Kitchen which determined and restricted where large sliding doors to the outdoor area could be located. Overall other Passive Solar Design Strategies were implemented to supplement the near perfect window orientation.
LIGHT FITTINGS
E
All light globes and fittings to be LED (Light Emitting Dioxide) globes to save on electricity. Specific lights and fittings used are as listed below;
CONNECTION TO ELECTRICITY POLE
E
A A. CEILING FAN + LIGHT - 12 Watt Mercator 130cm White Europe Ceiling Fan With LED Light (https://www.bunnings.com.au/mercator-130cm-white-europe-ce iling-fan-with-led-light_p0043519)
52.5-57 DEGREES CONNECTION TO TELECOM PIT
T
PW INV PM
2
C C. KITCHEN PENDANT LIGHTS - 7 Watt, 560 Lumens HPM CYLLA LED Pendant Light - Black (https://www.bunnings.com.au/hpm-cylla-led-pendant-light-black _p0013936)
E
2
T
2
2
2
2
DESIRED ANGLES FOR SOLAR HOT WATER
MB
2
N
B B. INDOOR WALL MOUNTED LIGHTS - 5 Watt Home Design Archi Wall Light Rectangle - Black (https://www.bunnings.com.au/home-design-archi-wall-light-rect angle-black_p0018272)
E
2
D D. DINING PENDANT LIGHT - 25 Watt, 550 Lumens Brilliant Lighting 240v Rey LED Ring Pendant Light (https://www.bunnings.com.au/brilliant-lighting-240v-rey-led-ring -pendant-light_p0014335)
2
2
A
E E. BEDROOM BEDSIDE LAMPS - 5 Watt Brilliant 5W Black Lindsey LED Desk Lamp (https://www.bunnings.com.au/brilliant-5w-black-lindsey-led-des k-lamp_p4371119)
T
C
PCD
30 DEGREES
F F. CEILING LIGHT - 24 Watt, 1300 Lumens Brilliant 24W LED White Oyster Cassidi Ceiling Light (https://www.bunnings.com.au/brilliant-24w-led-white-oyster-cas sidi-ceiling-light_p4380337)
PSU 2
NTD
SB
2
2
2
G G. OUTDOOR WALL MOUNTED LIGHTS - 10 Watt, 700 Lumens Brilliant Lighting Avenell 10W Led Round Security Flood Light (https://www.bunnings.com.au/brilliant-lighting-avenell-10w-led-r ound-security-flood-light_p4320809)
D 2
N
B
2
2 2
2
2
2
F
2
E
G
SMOKE DETECTORS
2
DESIRED ANGLES FOR PV PANELS
2
All smoke detectors to be Quell 9V (battery powered) Ionisation Smoke Alarms. (https://www.bunnings.com.au/quell-9v-ionisation-smoke-alarm_ p4211438)
APPLIANCES
2
2
2
Gas will not be connected to the house as the client wants to be progressive with environmental design which they see is without gas. All appliances will be electric with the aim of producing enough power on site to offset the environmental impact. As such the cook top in the kitchen will be an induction cook top.
2
RENEWABLE ENERGY
20 solar panels installed for a 5kW system based on maximum 25kW usage (peak winter) and 9kW usage (peak summer), with daily solar production for the site being 41.71 kW. The panels will be automatically tilted to adjust to the optimal sun angle for the time of year, maximising solar collection. (https://solarcalculator.com.au/solar-system-size/) (https://apps.ergon.com.au/HouseholdEnergyCalculators/pages/ GeneralAndHotWater)
2
WATT USAGE /M^2 CALCULATION LIGHT A (12W) x4 + LIGHT B (5W) x4 + LIGHT C (7W) x5 + LIGHT D (25W) x1 + LIGHT E (5W) x2 + LIGHT F (24W) x8 + LIGHT G (10W) x7
SUN
BATTERY (DC)
ROOF PLAN - PV PANEL LAYOUT 1:200 AT A3
PV’s INVERTER (DC TO AC)
FROM UTILITY SUPPLY UTILITY METER
Reposit. (2018). How it Works. Retrieved from https://repositpower.com/.
THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20036 - ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEMS
Energy Storage: Tesla Powerwall 2 - 13.5kWh of storage and usable energy (https://www.originenergy.com.au/for-home/solar/systems-batte ries/tesla-powerwall.html)
= (12x4) + (5x4) + (7x5) + (25x1) + (5x2) + (24x8) + (10x7) = 400 Watts
The Alternative Technology Australia. (2013). All Electric Solar Homes Save Thousands Over Gas: Report. Retrieved from http://www.ata.org.au/news/all-electric-solar-homes-save-thousands-over-gas-report/.
ASSIGNMENT ONE ELECTRICAL + TELECOM
Solar Collection + Distribution: CSUN solar panels with a Fronius inverter (https://www.originenergy.com.au/for-home/solar/systems-batte ries.html)
PV METER (AC)
Floor Area = 95.3m^2 Average usage = 400 Watts/ 95.3m^2 = 4.20W/m^2 Therefore the light usage in the house is less than 5W/m^2 so it is acceptable.
APPLIANCES
SWITCH BOARD
PV ARRAY SET UP WITH CENTRAL INVERTER
N 1:100 AT A3
NAYAN P. STUDIO 11, 4.15PM FRIDAY VERSION 1, 23 AUGUST 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 04 of 10
Any additional grid power required will be from an energy provider such as Powershop who provide green energy. No solar hot water was used as it was more efficient for the client to have more solar panels to use as a clean source of energy for water heating. Any excess solar production will also be sold back to the grid via the solar reposit system to maximise profit.
LEGEND PCD
PREMISES CONNECTION DEVICE
PSU
POWER SUPPLY UNIT
NTD
NETWORK TERMINATION DEVICE
MB
SB
METER BOX SWITCH BOARD SMOKE DETECTOR EXHAUST FAN
WALL MOUNTED LIGHT CEILING LIGHT CEILING FAN + LIGHT SINGLE LIGHT SWITCH DOUBLE LIGHT SWITCH
2 2
INV PW PM
EXTERNAL DOUBLE POWER POINT INTERNAL DOUBLE POWER POINT SOLAR PANEL INVERTER (DC TO AC) TESLA POWERWALL 2 PV METER
E T
ELECTRICITY CONNECTION TELECOM CABLES ROOF LINE SOLAR POWER CABLE PV (SOLAR) PANEL
HOT WATER SYSTEM
WATER SUPPLY FROM RAIN ON ROOF
An instant hot water system run off electricity generated from solar power will be used in the house. (https://www.stiebel.com.au/water-heaters) The reason for this is there is only 2 people using hot water on a daily basis, so a large tank is not needed. An instant system also allows for an infinite supply of hot water when family comes to visit using more hot water. This system was also chosen as no excess energy is wasted maintaining a temperature of over 60 degrees Celsius all day and night which is required for a large hot water storage tank. This hot water system will be an open system compared to the hydronic heating system, with waste water being flushed to the grey water system and sewer. No solar hot water was used as it was more efficient for the client to have more solar (PV) panels on the roof to use as a clean source of energy for heating the water, rather than installing a system on the roof which would also require a tank.
CONNECTION TO MAINS WATER
FILTRATION DEVICES W
i
LEAF GUTTER GUARD
ii
LEAF SHEDDING RAINHEAD
iii FIRST FLUSH DIVERTER iv INLET STRAINER BASKET OVERFLOW TO NATURAL POOL
RAINWATER TANK
SUPPLY FROM LAUNDRY, TOILETS AND SHOWERS
W
LAUNDRY + SHOWERS
FILTER + PUMP
GREY WATER TANK + PUMP
WATER SAVING DEVICES
TOILETS
To reduce the amount of water used and needed in the house the following water saving devices will be installed:
W
GARDEN
E
-A Water saving taps and shower heads - WELS 3 Star shower heat + 6 star mixer
OVERFLOW TO NATURAL POOL
WATER RECYCLING DIAGRAM
(https://www.bunnings.com.au/dorf-wels-3-star-jovian-shower-system_p5001504) (https://www.bunnings.com.au/caroma-5-wels-star-6l-min-liano-basin-mixer_p5002256)
A B
(see page 06 for more detail on systems)
-B Tap aerators and flow restrictors - WELS 6 star
(https://www.bunnings.com.au/enduraseal-wels-6-star-4-5l-min-chrome-male-multi-function-aerator_p4980127)
-C Water saving dual flush toilets - WELS 4 star
H
(https://www.bunnings.com.au/caroma-wels-4-star-cameo-toilet-suite_p4822492)
A B E
-D Timers in the showers to track how long you have been using water for -E All other appliances water efficient appliances with high WELS rating
H
This is done to align with the clients brief reducing water usage where possible.
RAINWATER
STORAGE, COLLECTION AND DISTRIBUTION
C
Rainwater will be collected from the southern side of the roof into a 10,000L rainwater tank (selection justification on page 06). The rainwater system will have a first flush mechanism to remove any contaminants from the first few millimeters of rainwater coming off the roof. The roof will also have gutter guards installed to prevent leafs and other debris from clogging the gutters.
A D
A B
C
A D
The rainwater system will have a filter to clean the water before bringing it into the house. The rainwater will be used as a backup to the grey water system which will flush the toilets in the house as well as be connected to the washing machine and showers. The remaining rainwater will then be directed to the garden for use in drip irrigation and watering of the vegetables and fruit trees.
A B
F
RAINWATER TANK SET UP USED
P
Source: http://www.yourhome.gov.au/water/rainwater
A small pressure pump will be installed and connected to the rainwater tank to move the water around the site. This will be a freestanding pump to save on cost. The rainwater tank will also have a mains water backup. This decision was made as the couple being elderly and with low immune systems were hesitant to drink the rainwater and did not want to install excessive treatment systems. Therefore it was decided that it would be best suited to water their garden which they hope to produce their own food from to be self sufficient.
Ability for neighbors to link in
GAS
It was decided that gas would not be installed and connected to the site as the couple would like to be as environmentally friendly and sustainable as possible. As gas is a finite resource which is not yet renewable, the couple decided to opt for electric appliances and forms of heating, for which the could produce their own clean, green power for via their PV array. They would also like to showcase environmental design principles which they believe also includes the move away from gas.
RAINWATER TANK PUMP + CONTROL SYSTEM USED Source: http://www.yourhome.gov.au/water/rainwater
ASSIGNMENT ONE WATER + GAS THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20036 - ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEMS
N 1:100 AT A3
NAYAN P. STUDIO 11, 4.15PM FRIDAY VERSION 1, 30 AUGUST 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 05 of 10
LEGEND HOT WATER PIPE COLD WATER PIPE GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP PIPE DOWN PIPE RAINWATER TANK
P H
H
W
RAINWATER TANK PUMP INSTANT HOT WATER SYSTEM HYDRONIC HEATING HOT WATER TANK ROOF LINE MAINS WATER CONNECTION
F
RAINWATER TANK FILTER RAINWATER WATER PIPE
Australian Government. (2018). Your Energy Savings. Retrieved from http://yourenergysavings.gov.au/water/water-home-garden/water-efficiency-home/use-water-efficiently Australian Government. (2018). Water Rating. Retrieved from http://www.waterrating.gov.au/
LPD
CONNECTION TO LPD (OVERFLOW)
Stone filled interceptor drain directing storm water into natural pool rather than onto the street
WATER USAGE
The average water usage for the household was determined based on the following: - 2 people living in the household - 10 minutes each in the shower 30% - Water saving shower head - 0 baths 53% - Dual flush toilets - Tap aerators 11% - No dripping taps 6% - No water running while brushing teeth - Dishwasher 4 times - 4 times washing machine - No cars or boats to wash
CONNECTION TO SEWER (PIPE MIN. 300mm COVER AND GRADIENT OF 1.65%)
LPD
AGGY PIPE USED TO DIRECT STORM WATER
Source: www.yourhome.gov.au/water/wastewater-reuse
S
= 476L/ day (https://www.hunterwater.com.au/Save-Water/Water-Usage-Calc ulator.aspx#results)
RAINWATER
S
A 10,000L rainwater tank will be installed along the Southern wall of the house to collect rainwater from the tin sheeted side of the roof. As only one half of the roof will be collecting water it will be a dry system. The size was determined based on an average water usage of 476L/ day with a roof collection area of 71m^2. The tank will be white to reduce any excess radiant heat gain in summer. (http://tankulator.ata.org.au/interactive.php) (https://www.bunnings.com.au/clark-tanks-10000l-round-poly-wa ter-tank-white_p4818820)
S
Natural pool capturing storm water and excess rain/ grey water, filtering it with aquatic plants.
RAINWATER FROM GREEN ROOF DISCHARGED INTO NATURAL POOL FOR ON SITE STORM WATER DETENTION
The rainwater tank will be used as a back up to the grey water system, to wash clothes, supply water to the showers as well as to water the garden. S
The choice to go for a big tank despite not using it in the house is because they want to be self sufficient in their garden to produce their own fruits and veg to be sustainable. As a result the rainwater is also connected to a irrigation system to water their vegetable gardens at the rear of the site as well as other parts of the garden.
S
S
GARDENS/ LANDSCAPING
GREY WATER
To maintain an environmentally and water saving garden the following items have been included:
Grey water will be collected from the bathrooms and laundry and will be used to flush the toilets. The grey water system will be backed up by the rainwater tank.
S
- Drip irrigation garden beds using rain water - Compost bins to recycle food waste on site - Chickens (for food waste etc, natural manure, food) - Bees for honey production and pollination of the fruit trees/ vegetables - Crushed brick/ concrete paths as they permeable and use recycled materials - Native deciduous red ceder trees - Low shrubs + lawn/ ground cover instead of pavement to reduce glare - grey water tolerable plants such as Yuccas and gardenias - Native plants and trees which are suitable for the area and require minimal watering - Mulching of garden beds to reduce water loss through evaporation
Grey water friendly products such as washing detergents and soaps will be used to minimise chemicals coming back into the house and then out into the waste water. (www.greysmart.com.au) As well as for the environmental benefit, this will enable them to change where the grey water is used in the future, for example on the gardens, with minimal impact on soil salt and pH levels. The grey water system will be fitted with a pump and timer to remove any grey water which has not been used within 24 hours. This will be moved into the natural pool to be filtered through the plants and then out into the legal point of discharge.
F
P
Aggy pipe directing storm water into natural pool
P GWS
STROM WATER
RAINWATER OVERFLOW TO NATURAL POOL
The site will have a natural pool as a form of on site storm water detention to hold runoff a little longer to lessen the impact of the downstream flooding. Rainfall from the green roof will be directed into the natural pond as well as other storm water that falls on the site. The pond will feature aquatic plants such as reeds and lilies to discourage algae bloom and to filter the water.
GREY WATER 24 HOUR TIMER OUTPUT TO NATURAL POOL
Excess from the rainwater tank and grey water systems will also be diverted into the natural pond. The pond will then have an overflow connection to the storm water drain to prevent the site from flooding.
CONNECTION TO REAR GARDEN AND DRIPPIER SYSTEMS STONE FILLED INTERCEPTOR DRAIN FOR STORM WATER MANAGEMENT
Source: http://www.yourhome.gov.au/water/storm water
ASSIGNMENT ONE WATER RECYCLING + DRAINAGE THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20036 - ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEMS
NATURAL POOL USING REEDS AND LILIES TO FILTER STORM AND RAIN WATER
GREY WATER DRIPPERS USED IN GARDEN BEDS
Source: http://www.goodshomedesign.com/biotop-natural-pools/
N 1:100 AT A3
NAYAN P. STUDIO 11, 4.15PM FRIDAY VERSION 1, 30 AUGUST 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 06 of 10
Aggy pipe will also be used around the house and natural pool to direct storm water into the pool rather than onto the street. As well as a stone filled interceptor drain at the front of the property.
Source: www.yourhome.gov.au/water/wastewater-reuse
Water Corporation. (2018). Rainfall, dam levels & water use. Retrieved from https://www.watercorporation.com.au/
LEGEND S
SEWAGE PIPE GREY WATER INPUT GREY WATER OUTPUT RAINWATER INPUT RAINWATER OUTPUT
LPD
GWS
STORM WATER PIPE DOWN PIPE (CONNECTED TO RAINWATER) DOWN PIPE (CONNECTED TO STORM WATER DETENTION) SEWAGE PIPE VENT GREY WATER SYSTEM
P P
GREY WATER PUMP RAINWATER PUMP AGGY PIPE STONE FILLED INTERCEPTION DRAIN ROOF LINE
F
RAINWATER TANK FILTER S
INTERGENERATION INTO PASSIVE DESIGN
HEATING SYSTEM
Passive design also plays a large role in the heating of the building with insulation and wall material choices helping to retain heat within the building envelope. The following principles have been implemented to aid in the heating of the building envelope;
The house will be heated via hydronic in-slab heating in the main living areas and by additional hydronic panel heaters with individual thermostats in the bedrooms and bathrooms. The hydronic heaters will be connected to a ground source heat pump and hot water storage tank. This system will be closed and solely for the function of heating. (https://www.geoexchange.com.au/products/#pro-title2) This is in addition to good thermal design and insulation, reducing the overall amount and frequency of heating needed throughout the year.
- Straw bale external walls with very high insulative properties - Concrete flooring which has a high thermal mass to maintain a constant internal temperature during day and nighttime - Deciduous plantings to enable winter light into the building envelope
The ground source heat pump will be used to heat up the water for the heaters and there will also be the option for the neighbors to link into the system if they so chose, to make it more environmentally friendly and cost effective. This was chosen as the site is large, flat and empty so the clients were able to excavate and install the system. It also utilises free energy from the earth, being a more environmentally friendly approach.
- Eaves and shade structures designed at the appropriate angles and lengths to allow in the low warm winter sun - Heavy curtains with tight fitting pelmets to reduce heat loss through windows - Double glazing to reduce heat loss through windows - Location of hot water tanks inside the building envelope to allow any escaping heat to warm the house
The fans used throughout the house for cooling will also have a reverse cycle function so that they can be used to push the warm air down from the ceiling closer to body height.
SELECTION CRITERIA
CLIMATE As Melbourne is predominately a heating climate it was important to install an adequate heating system. Summers generally produce hot dry heats, however recently due to global warming humidity levels have been rising which has been causing issues with evaporative cooling devices. To ensure constant comfort and warmth throughout winter in-slab heating was preferable as it was directly in contact with the occupants and a comfortable form of heat producing radiant, convective and conductive heat (not dry or dusty).
T
H
T
H H
M
PASSIVE THERMAL PROPERTIES The heating being in the slab also aids in creating a constant temperature overnight as well as during the day, with the concrete slab’s thermal mass retaining some heat during the day and releasing it during the night.
H
H
BUILDING FUNCTION The heating selected allows for freedom in furniture layout and changes as the heat comes from the floor in the main living areas. For the bedrooms and bathrooms, the panel heaters suit the buildings function as they can be turned on and off and zoned as needed.
T
H
T
H
T T
Correctly calculated eaves to allow winter sun
Winter sun
Deciduous vegetation to allow winter sun
GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP HEATING + COOLING BENEFITS Source: www.yourhome.gov.au/energy/heating-and-cooling
ASSIGNMENT ONE HEATING THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20036 - ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEMS
Comfortable form of heat transfer to occupants rising from floor HYDRONIC HEATING MANIFOLD Source: www.rehau.com
N 1:100 AT A3
NAYAN P. STUDIO 11, 4.15PM FRIDAY VERSION 1, 29 AUGUST 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 07 of 10
PASSIVE AND MECHANICAL HEATING DIAGRAM
LEGEND H H
M
H
T
INSTANT HOT WATER SYSTEM GEOTHERMAL HOT WATER SYSTEM TANK MANIFOLD HYDRONIC HEATER WITH THERMOSTAT
T
HOT WATER PIPE COLD WATER RETURN PIPE THERMOSTAT ROOF LINE IN-SLAB HEATING BOARDER
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE This heating method provides radiant, convective and conductive heat so it is the most comfortable. It can also be controlled with a thermostat and each panel heater also has its own individual thermostat for zoning. The system is also very quiet making it comfortable to run overnight. The lag in response time for the in-slab heating is not an issue for the owners as they will be turning it on early, around Autumn, and leaving it on constantly throughout winter. The panel heaters however are faster in their response time and will be turned on and off as needed. CLIENTS BRIEF The type of heating fits in with the clients desires as it does not produce dust which can aggravate health conditions such as asthma. It can also be zoned when the whole house is not in use. It is also a comfortable form of heating which will warm them up as their feet are in direct contact with the warm slab. Finally the system has the potential for other neighbors to connect into the heat pump, showcasing great environmental design principles.
COOLING SYSTEM
The cooling of the house will primarily be achieved through the passive solar design, limiting the need of any additional cooling. However, to ensure comfort throughout the year ceiling fans will be used to provide cool breezes and to circulate air. The ceiling fans will also have dual summer/ winter function to be able to push warm air down in winter as well as push it upwards in summer. They also have variable speed control for greatest efficiency and inbuilt LED lights.
Summer sun
The chosen fans for the house are Mercator 130cm White Europe Ceiling Fan With LED Light available from Bunnings. (https://www.bunnings.com.au/mercator-130cm-white-europe-ce iling-fan-with-led-light_p0043519)
Correctly calculated eaves to allow winter sun
SELECTION CRITERIA
CLIMATE As the climate is mainly a heating climate, with good passive design strategies minimal cooling is required. As a result ceiling fans are an adequate form of cooling.
Internal fans to circulate air
PASSIVE THERMAL PROPERTIES Ceiling fans aid in the buildings passive cooling function by moving and circulating air through the building envelope.
Deciduous vegetation to block summer sun
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE This system is the most cost effective at only 1c/ hour to run, as well as being powered by electricity which can be generated on site via the PV array which would eliminate all energy costs. It is also effective as it moves air over the skin increasing body heat loss by convection and evaporation.
Cross ventilation/ afternoon breezes
PASSIVE AND MECHANICAL COOLING DIAGRAM
Water bodies to cool air coming into house Heat absorbed into thermal mass for night purging
CLIENTS BRIEF Utilising ceiling fans aligns with the clients brief of making the house energy efficient and reducing energy bills. The clients have strictly specified good heating in winter as they often get sick however they do not mind the heat so ceiling fans and passive thermal strategies are sufficient forms of cooling for them. This is also showcasing environmental design strategies which they wanted to showcase as they are not relying on refrigerated cooling like most homes do.
INTEGRATION INTO PASSIVE DESIGN
The passive design of the building plays a large role in the buildings cooling. The following passive design principles have been integrated into the building to aid in cooling the house: - Night purging of warm air in the house as well as that store and released through the thermal mass via stack ventilation with louvers used in the roof split as well as louvers at floor level
CASEMENT WINDOWS TO DIRECT BREEZES INTO THE HOUSE
Source: www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design/passive-cooling
- Water ponds outside louvered windows to bring moisture and cool the air down as it comes into the building (mother natures evaporative cooling) - Planting of deciduous and evergreen tress and vegetation to limit the amount of heat that can enter the building - Funnel planting of trees to direct cooling breezes over the water bodies and into the house - Green roof to act as a thermal barrier and insulation to reduce internal heat gain - Light coloured roofing material to limit radiant heat gain - Fixed timber vertical batten screens and deciduous vines - Large eves to cut out harsh summer sun - Casement windows to allow for ventilation and airflow through the house - Heavy insulation in the walls and ceiling to stop heat transferring into the building envelope - Utilising the ground source heat pump to cool the slab via the hydronic heating system by cooling the water to ground temperature removing heat via convection from the slab
TREES TO FUNNEL BREEZES
Source: www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design/passive-cooling
ASSIGNMENT ONE COOLING THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20036 - ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEMS
N 1:100 AT A3
NAYAN P. STUDIO 11, 4.15PM FRIDAY VERSION 1, 30 AUGUST 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 08 of 10
LEGEND CEILING FAN WATER POND VEGETATION LOUVERED WINDOWS
ROOF LINE DOUBLE SWITCH
PASSIVE COOLING USING VEGETATION
Source: www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design/passive-cooling
OTHER SCENARIOS DROUGHT WEAKNESSES
HEAT WAVE SOLUTIONS
HEAT WAVE WEAKNESSES
Possible solutions that could be implemented to combat a heat wave include:
As the house is located in a climate which is general prone to hotter temperatures and dry summers designing for the possibility of a heatwave is vital. It is also of high concern due to the age of the occupants.
As a result or flow on effect of a long term heat wave drought could be an issue that arises. Current weaknesses of the house design in a drought scenario include:
Current weaknesses of the house design/ areas of concern include:
- Minimal surface area for rainwater harvesting - Heavy reliance on mains water for consumption - Use of water for toilets
1
1
12 6
- Using too much water for showers/ bathroom taps
12 6
12 6
2
- Using a lot of water in the garden
5
- Using appliances such as the washing machine and dishwasher too frequently
A C
A C 6 12
2
DROUGHT SOLUTIONS
Possible solutions that could be implemented to combat a drought include:
1 Few established trees/ greenery on the site to provide shading
1 Plant more trees close to the house to provide shading, including vines covering whole walls to reduce heat transfer
2 Large opening (windows) to the west and a substantial amount to the east
2 Move opening to deck to the Northern facade
3 Large building envelope to try and cool which is not fully occupied often
3 Reduce floor space by removing additional rooms and bathroom
4 No ventilation under the house
4 Raise the house onto stilts for ventilation
5 No air conditioning/ mechanical cooling systems
5 Add in split system reverse cycle cooling
6 No windows to catch summer breezes into master bedroom
6 Add louvered windows to let cool breezes in through the en suite
7 A large amount of thermal mass storing heat
7 Change flooring type from concrete to timber and change rammed earth walls to water filled columns which can be drained
8 Oversized rooms such as living and dining for the daily number of occupants
8 Remodel rooms to concentrate living/ eating and use additional space as laundry
9 No full block out shading on windows
9 Add roller shutters on all windows to block out solar heat gain
10 No ‘cool room’ to retreat to
10 Introduce a ‘cool room’ buried under the house which can be used in extreme heat days to stay cool
11 Cool air leakage through gaps and joins in materials
11 Completely seal the house and make it air tight
12 Heat gain through walls, windows and roof
12 Change windows to triple glazed with high E values and add higher R value insulation in walls and roof cavity
13 Air coming into house from breezes too hot and dry
13 Add more water bodies outside windows for natural evaporative cooling
14 Daytime temperatures inside the house are too hot and unbearable
14 Change mindset of having curtains open during day as well as being awake during the hottest parts of the day > go nocturnal
6 12
- Add an additional roofed area to collect rainwater form (carport etc.)
13
- Install a high quality filtration system to use rain and grey water for consumption 3
- Install dry composting toilets
6 12
- Have all showers and bathroom taps on timers so they can not be left running excessively (as seen in some public restroom facilities)
5
A C
A C
- Reduce amount of production in the garden to save on water as well as thorough mulching to reduce water evaporation
6 12
- Only run the washing machine and dishwasher when completely full
6 12 13
- Drill into the water table and use bore water
1
15 Add misting fans and devices to cool air temperature inside and add moisture
13
16 Build the house in a cooler region/ climate 17 Make the whole roof a green roof to reduce heat gain 18 Make the internal floors in living/ kitchen areas shallow pools to keep feet cool
THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20036 - ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEMS
N 1:100 AT A3
VERSION 1, 31 AUGUST 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 09 of 10
A C
A C
TREE REVERSE CYCLE AIR CONDITIONING WATER BODY
EXTREMITY SCALE
Move to a retirement facility and give up on ESD
Build the house in a different location
Go nocturnal
Install ‘pool flooring’
Install a cool room
Raise the house on stilts
Reduce the footprint of the house
Change the windows
Add more insulation
Install air conditioning
LEGEND
Change flooring type
NAYAN P. STUDIO 11, 4.15PM FRIDAY
Add roller shutters
ASSIGNMENT ONE DESIGN FOR RESILIENCE
Source: www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design/shading
Add more water bodies outside
STRONGER SHADING DEVICES
Source: www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design/shading
19 Have an evacuation plan if it all become too unbearable > move to a retirement home
Move western opening
NATURAL EVAPORATIVE COOLING
Spend hot days inside with curtains closed
13
Plant more vegetation to shade house
9
Environmental Building Systems - ABPL20036 Semester 2 - 2018
First Rate Energy Assessment Project Information Mode Climate Site Exposure Client Name Rated Address Accredited Rater Date
Walls Type
NEW HOME
Insulation
21 MELBOURNE RO
STRAW BALE 450MM FINISHED
0.0
126.4
SUBURBAN
INTERNAL PLASTERBOARD STUD WALL
2.5
69.6
THE PATELS
RAMMED EARTH FINISHED
0.0
8.8
HOPPERS CROSSING
Floors
THOMAS MARTINIELLO
Type
24 AUGUST 2018
Insulation
CSOG: SLAB ON GROUND
Energy Usage Mode
Energy (MJ/m2)
Total Heating Cooling
Area (m2)
Ventilation
2.7
Area (m2)
ENCL
95.3
Roof/Ceiling
43.4
Type
38.7
Insulation
CONT: ATTIC-CONTINUOUS
4.7
Area (m2)
6.0
41.2
Areas Area Net Conditioned Floor Area (NCFA) Unconditioned Room Area Garage Area
Windows
Size (m2)
Type
90.5
U-value
SHGC
Area (m2)
4.8
TIM-006-04 W Timber B DG Argon Fill Low Solar Gain low-E -Clear
2.00
0.23
15.12
0
TIM-001-04 W Timber A SG Low Solar Gain Low-E
3.70
0.35
1.80
*These windows were the closest match with what I have speciямБed but refer to window plan for proper values and window types
Zones
Window Directions Zone
Kitchen/Dining Living Bedroom 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 WC Laundry Ensuite Bathroom Hallway
Student Name:
Area (m ) 2
46.9
Heating (MJ/m2) 34.6
Total Heating (MJ) 1620.1
Cooling (MJ/m2)
Total Cooling (MJ)
11.00
515.0
Direction N
Area (m2) 5.8
Direction E
Area (m2)
Direction S
4.0
Area (m2) 3.1
Direction W
Area (m2) 4.1
Living is included with Kitchen Zone on FirstRate5 9.6
55.5
532.1
0.4
3.5
10.1
28.9
291.4
0.2
2.3
9.3
13.9
128.8
1.7
15.5
104.4
406.5
0.0
0.0
N/A 3.9
Included in Bathroom 5.7
186.4
1054.5
0.2
1.3
5.1
77.3
397.7
0.0
0.0
THOMAS MARTINIELLO
ASSIGNMENT ONE FIRST RATE ENERGY ASSESSMENT
NAYAN P. STUDIO 11, 4.15PM FRIDAY
THOMAS MARTINIELLO - 834955 ABPL20036 - ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEMS
VERSION 2, 24 AUGUST 2018 DRAWING NUMBER 10 of 10
Student Number:
Roof/Ceiling Penetration Type
Location
Quantity
Sealed
EXHAUST FAN
KITCHEN
1
YES
EXHAUST FAN
BATHROOM
1
YES
EXHAUST FAN
EN SUITE
1
YES
EXHAUST FAN
LAUNDRY
1
YES
834 955
Final Star Rating:
8.4
Area (m2)