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Ethiopian Airlines Grounds Boeing 737 MAX 8 over Crash Cockpit voice recorder found Air Peace yet to take delivery of same aircraft

Chinedu Eze Ethiopian Airlines has grounded its entire Boeing 737 MAX 8 fleet after the Sunday crash of one of its planes on

a flight to Nairobi that killed all 157 persons on board. The airline has also recovered the black box, which would open the lead to what caused the crash.

This is coming as Nigeria’s biggest carrier, Air Peace, has clarified that it has not taken delivery of the same B737 MAX 8, which it ordered last year.

The crashed aircraft, a recently delivered 737 MAX 8, took off from Addis Ababa at 8.38a.m. local time with 149 passengers and eight crew on board, but lost contact with

air traffic control at 8.44a.m. and crashed. A statement from the airline yesterday said: “Following the tragic accident of ET 302/10 March B-737-8 MAX (ET-AVJ),

Ethiopian Airlines has decided to ground all B-737-8 MAX fleet effective yesterday March 10, 2019 until further notice. Continued on page 6

CCT Defers Ruling on Onnoghen's Motion on Jurisdiction... Page 8 Tuesday 12 March, 2019 Vol 24. No 8737. Price: N250

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PDP Kicks as INEC Declares Elections Inconclusive in Five States

Results arrested in Kano, Plateau, Benue, Adamawa, Sokoto APC retains Kaduna, Borno, Zamfara, Nasarawa Main opposition party wins Delta, Cross River, Imo Electoral body awaits fact finding committee report on Rivers

Adedayo Akinwale in Abuja and Ibrahim Shuaibu in Kano The Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) has accused the Independent National

Electoral Commission (INEC) of being ‘’overtly partisan’’ and surrendering its independence to the ruling All Progressives Congress (APC), by declaring governorship elections in states

where the PDP was in clear lead as inconclusive. The electoral body had declared governorship elections inconclusive in Plateau, Kano, Benue,

Adamawa and Sokoto States. Incidentally, except Plateau, the PDP is in the lead in the troubled states. However, INEC has declared results in eight more states

with the APC clinching victory in five, Kaduna, Yobe, Borno, Zamfara and Nasarawa; while the PDP got Delta, Cross River and Imo. This brings to 21, the

number of results declared, 13 having been released on Sunday. Collation of results was Continued on page 8

EU, Other Foreign Observers Condemn Military’s Involvement in Elections

Army berates UK over comment on Rivers Onaiyekan: Good governance not possible with rigged elections

Kingsley Nwezeh, Shola Oyeyipo, Onyebuchi Ezigbo and Udora Orizu in Abuja The European Union (EU) Election Observation Mission Nigeria 2019, the International Republican Institute (IRI), the National Democratic Institute (NDI) and other foreign election monitors, said yesterday in Abuja that the presidential and National Assembly elections and the governorship and state Houses of Assembly elections were hugely marred by the involvement of military personnel, contending that it did not conform with international best practice. The Coalition of United

Political Parties (CUPP) were also up in arms against the military yesterday, singling out the Chief of Army Staff, Lt. Gen. Tukur Buratai, for mention as nursing a secret agenda to return the country to a military rule. The view expressed by the foreign observers were also echoed in Abuja yesterday by the outgoing Archbishop of the Abuja Catholic Archdiocese, His Eminence, Cardinal John Onaiyekan, who said the flawed elections witnessed during 2019 polls may have negative impact on good governance in the country. The position of the

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Buhari Hails APC's Majority Status in N'Assembly... Page 6

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Buhari Hails APCâ€™s Majority Status in Nâ€™Assembly Looks forward to effective working relationship Omololu Ogunmade in Abuja President Muhammadu Buhari yesterday in Daura, Katsina State, said he was looking forward to a mutual and effective working relationship with the ninth National Assembly that could improve the budgetary process and restore the country to January-December

fiscal cycle. In a statement, his media aide, Malam Garba Shehu, said Buhari made this remark while receiving his old school mates, who had visited him to congratulate him on his re-election for a second term. According to the statement, the president, who noted how the delay in the passage of budgets hindered timely execution of projects across

the country, however, said with the victory of the All Progressives Congress (APC) at the presidential election and its winning of majority seats in the ninth Senate, Buhari expressed confidence that more work would be done to improve the efficiency of the budgetary process. The statement further said the president told his classmates in the 1953 set of

Katsina Middle School, Daura, led by Senator Abba Ali, that it is on record that the 2018 budget proposals submitted to the National Assembly on November 7, 2017, was passed after seven months. The statement added: "Notwithstanding the challenges, President Buhari assured his classmates that the executive arm of government, under his

watch, will strive towards effective implementation of national budgets while promoting transparency and accountability. "He thanked his old school colleagues for the â€˜reunion,â€™ commending their interest and useful suggestions on advancing Nigeriaâ€™s prosperity and stability. "In his remarks, Senator Ali, while congratulating the

president on his re-election, said majority of Nigerians believed in his purposeful leadership and resoundingly renewed his mandate. "The senator, who wished the president more success in his second-term, noted that the country will benefit more when the executive and legislative branches of government work in unison on national interests."

deployed 73 observers to the polling points and collation centres across the 22 states commended significant improvement in the accreditation process, it called for improved data management and more information and explanation from INEC on this important phase of the electoral process. Similarly, while observing that the 2019 general election recorded unprecedented improvement in the aspect of logistic, the TIFPI, observed the March 9, elections in 26 states including the FCT local council election, expressed concerns over cases of alleged security interference in the elections in states such as Kogi, Zamfara, Akwa Ibom, Rivers, Lagos, Kaduna, Kano and Imo, where some politicians deployed their personal security attaches to disrupt elections on various fronts. The Executive Director/Lead Observer, TIFPI, Livingstone Wechie, said: â€œTIFPI observed the alleged involvement of men in Army and other security uniforms in the elections in Imo, Rivers, Zamfara, Kaduna, Akwa Ibom, Edo and Ogun. The Army high command had earlier assured that the military will provide security and not interfere in the process. â€œTIFPI observed the wave of men in Army and other security uniforms who sought to disrupt and indeed disrupted the election process in some states and we opine that there must have been also the use of fake soldiers and infiltration of some of the security formations. â€˜â€™Hence the Army authorities

should fish out any of its men that may have interfered in the election in any of these states including possible infiltration in their circles.â€? Expressing optimism that the 6th Division of the Nigerian Army has assured of investigation of CCTV footage of an alleged Army invasion of a home in Rivers, stating that the gesture is commendable, and urged that an audio tape where the APC candidate in Akwa-Ibom State allegedly negotiated with army to take down opposition should be investigated. In another assessment by the Centre for Democracy and Development (CDD), the threats, harassment, intimidation and assault of election officials, observers, journalists and voters during Saturdayâ€™s governorship and state assembly elections were condemned. The CDD, in its report signed by the Chairman, CDD-EAC, Prof. Adele Jinadu, and CDD Director Ms. Idayat Hassan, the group expressed worries over the wave of violence that characterised the elections. It said: "The weaponisation of the election and abductions of INEC staff and the ad-hoc staff are worrisome and constitute a drawback to the progress we have made so far. INEC officials were kidnapped and later released in Benue, Katsina, Kogi, Imo, Akwa Ibom and Rivers during voting and collation of results, with Katsina alone recording 20 cases of abductions. "We reckon that these attempts are aimed at undermining the system

usually to favour the perpetrators. Our monitors on the ground did not only report cases of intimidation but were victims, too.â€?

are closely following and monitoring developments on the issue as an airline that prioritises the safety and well-being of our customers. â€œWhile we keep engaging with our partners in this regard, we repose implicit confidence in Boeing and aviation authorities to capably and satisfactorily address all the issues if at the conclusion of ongoing investigations it is discovered that the challenge is with the B737 Max 8. We urge members of the flying public to continue to choose Air Peace as their preferred airline and trust us to always act in their best interest.â€? The crashed 737 MAX 8 is the same type involved in the crash of a Lion Air flight off the coast of Indonesia last year. All 189 passengers and crew were killed on that flight. Airwise.com reported that investigators would look for possible links between the two crashes, with both happening shortly after takeoff, and reports suggesting vertical airspeed variations similar

to the Lion Air crash. Indonesian authorities have yet to complete the investigation of the Lion Air crash and issue a final report. Reacting to the crashes, the General Manager, Public Affairs of the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA), Mr. Sam Adurogboye, told THISDAY yesterday that Nigeria was yet to have such aircraft in its registry. He said NCAA would continue to monitor events as they unfold over developments of the crash and attendant investigations. Also, the Managing Director of the Nigerian Airspace Management Agency (NAMA), Captain Fola Akinkuotu, said that Boeing, the manufacturer of the aircraft, would have to fix the problem with the aircraft. He, however, added that the high demand for the aircraft may slow down because of peopleâ€™s apprehension about their safety but expressed optimism that Boeing would resolve the problem.

EU, OTHER FOREIGN OBSERVERS CONDEMN MILITARYâ€™S INVOLVEMENT IN ELECTIONS international election observers was unanimously expressed in a preliminary report signed by the EU Election Observation Mission Nigeria 2019, IRI, NDI, the Centre for Democracy and Development (CDD) and the Integrity Friends for Truth and Peace Initiative (TIFPI), and presented yesterday in Abuja. Also in its second preliminary statement, the EU observed that there were â€œinconsistent numbers, lack of clear checks and explanations, and insufficient public information over the conduct of the presidential and National Assembly election, which the group said undermined the integrity of the election and not in line with international standards for access to information and public accountability.â€? The EU noted for the presidential and National Assembly elections: â€œPolling for the federal election was cancelled in a larger number of polling units across the country; covering nearly 2.8 million registered voters. This was fourth times more than in 2015. While this number did not affect the outcome given the margin of win, this was not a good process. â€œINEC did not provide sufficient information on these cancelations, the specific reasons for them, and the precise local government areas affected. This undermines public confidence in the process.â€? In the NDI/IRI preliminary statement on the governorship and state Houses of Assembly elections, the report presented by the Senior Associate and Regional Director for Central

and West Africa (NDI), Dr. Christopher Fomunyoh, and the Regional Director for Africa IRI, Mr. John Tomaszewski, noted that while there were improvements in the administration of the state-level elections, it was yet marred by irregularities. According to the report, â€˜â€™There were instances of intimidation, vote-buying and violent acts during the voting, counting, and collation processes in some places. Incidents of violence and disruption to the balloting process were observed in Lagos, Benue, Rivers and Nasarawa States. â€˜â€™The delegation was informed of the loss of life as a result of election-day violence. The mission deplores these losses and expresses its deepest condolences to the bereaved and to the Nigerian people. â€˜â€™These actions and the impunity with which some electoral actors conducted themselves, including some polling agents and members of the military, undermine citizen confidence in elections and threaten the legitimacy of Nigeriaâ€™s democracy.â€? The report added that despite being Africaâ€™s largest democracy, Nigeria has the lowest representation of women in national legislative office of any country on the continent, saying this representation will likely fall below five per cent following the February 23 National Assembly vote. According to the groups, â€œThis is not a record to be proud of; many Nigerians expressed deep concerns

about the militarisation of the election process.â€? Also, in their analysis of the Saturday election, the EU Chief Observer, Maria Arena, and the Deputy Chief Observer, Hannah Roberts, who addressed the media at Transcorp Hilton Hotel, Abuja yesterday, expressed dissatisfaction with systemic failings and electoral security problems, which they said show the need for serious reform ahead of future elections. Like the position of NDI/IRI, the EU noted that there were operational improvements in the governmental and state House of Assembly elections of March 9, it, however, stated that these gains were overshadowed by systematic failings, including a lack of transparency, incumbency advantage and a troubling electoral security environment. According to the report, "Observers, including EU observers, were denied access to collation centres in Rivers. There was misuse of incumbency, including on state-owned media, which prevented a level playing field. In the two weeks leading up to the state elections, EU observers saw some misuse of state offices as well as institutional websites being used for campaigning by both APC and PDP incumbent governors." Arena noted that the systematic problems evident in the 2019 electoral process show the news for an inclusive national discussion on reform for greater electoral integrity and participation. Though the body, which

ETHIOPIAN AIRLINES GROUNDS BOEING 737 MAX 8 OVER CRASH â€œAlthough we donâ€™t yet know the cause of the accident, we had to decide to ground the particular fleet as extra safety precaution. Ethiopian Airlines will release further information as soon as it is available.â€? China has also grounded the aircraft type, pending further investigation. Ethiopian Airlines has also announced that it has recovered the black box, which would open the lead to what caused the crash. The airline has also started recovering bodies of those who died in the crash,â€? the airline said. Airwise.com also reported that Chinese aviation regulators have also grounded all the country's 737-8 MAX, as has Cayman Airways, but major US and Canadian operators of the type expressed confidence in the aircraft. Boeing said a technical team would travel to the crash site to provide technical assistance under

the direction of the Ethiopian Accident Investigation Bureau and the US National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB). The NTSB is part of the investigation due to the aircraft's country of manufacture. Ethiopian Airlines said there were 149 passengers and eight crew onboard from 35 countries. The nationalities include 32 Kenyans, 18 Canadians, nine Ethiopians, eight Chinese, eight Italians, eight Americans, two Nigerians, seven French, seven British, six Egyptians and five Germans. Boeing also extended its â€œheartfelt sympathiesâ€? to the families and loved ones of the passengers and crew on board and â€œstands ready to support the Ethiopian Airlines team.â€? Ethiopian Airlines also said that it had recovered the Cockpit Voice Recorder of the ill-fated flight.

Air Peace Yet to Take Delivery of Same

Aircraft Meanwhile, Nigeriaâ€™s biggest carrier, Air Peace, has clarified that it has not taken delivery of the same B737 MAX 8, which it ordered last year. Air Peace had last year ordered for 10 aircraft of the same B737 MAX 8, but the airline yesterday clarified that it has not taken delivery. The airline said: â€œThe management of Air Peace Airline has thought it imperative to clarify that Air Peace recently placed a firm order for 10 brand new Boeing 737 MAX 8 aircraft. We are, however, yet to take delivery of the aircraft as we are still at the design and configuration stage of the order. â€œThis clarification has become necessary in view of numerous calls and enquiries on our response to the incidents involving the B737 Max 8 aircraft. â€œAlthough it is premature to comment on the incidents, we wish to assure members of the flying public that we

Army Berates UK over Comment on Rivers Elections Meanwhile, the Nigerian Army has warned the United Kingdom against interfering in Nigeriaâ€™s elections following comments by the UK condemning the role of the military in the Rivers State elections. The British High Commission in Nigeria had in a series of tweets on Sunday expressed concerns over the report of military interference in the election in the state. It said the militaryâ€™s interference in the polls put stress on the staff of INEC and has made it difficult for them to carry out their duties. However, the army said in a statement yesterday by its acting Director of Public Relations, Col. Sagir Musa, that the allegations were baseless. It said: â€œForeign interests are enjoined to be mindful of interfering in our national internal affairs especially when there is no credible evidence. Any allegation against the NA must be confirmed from appropriate quarters before jumping to conclusions. â€œThe NA, as a responsible organisation, wishes to debunk such misrepresentation in order to set the record straight. Similarly, it is on record that the NA has been globally applauded by many individuals, foreign and local elections observers for its Continued on page 8

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NEWS

CCT Defers Ruling on Onnoghenâ€™s Motion on Jurisdiction Orders day to day trial Alex Enumah in Abuja The Code of Conduct Tribunal (CCT) has deferred rulings in the two motions of the Chief Justice of Nigeria (CJN), Justice Walter Onnoghen, challenging the jurisdiction of the tribunal to hear the criminal charges brought against him by the federal government. Also deferred is ruling in another motion in which Onnoghen prayed for the disqualification of the tribunal Chairman, Mr. Danladi Umar, from participating in the trial on account of demonstrated bias. Delivering ruling in the two motions argued yesterday by Chief Adegboyega Awomolo SAN, on behalf of Onnoghen, the CCT chairman announced that rulings had been reserved and shall be delivered along with the substantive suit. Umar, also in the short

ruling, invoked section 296(2) of the Administration of Criminal Justice Act to arrive at his conclusion, adding that in line with the provisions of the law, ruling in all motions shall not be delivered until the final judgement of the main matter. Besides, Umar ordered that proceedings against Onnoghen shall be conducted on a dayto-day so as to ensure speedy trial of the charges. He consequently fixed today for continuation of the trial even without consulting the prosecution and defence Lawyers. Earlier, the Chief Justice of Nigeria (CJN), who has been suspended from office by President Muhammadu Buhari, insisted that the CCT has no jurisdiction to proceed with the six-count charge brought against him by the federal government.

Onnoghen Onnoghen told the tribunal that as a serving judicial officer, it is the National Judicial Council (NJC) that is vested with powers to entertain any misconduct against him. In a motion dated January 14, 2019, Onnoghen through his counsel, Awomolo, prayed the tribunal to strike out or dismiss the entire charges against him for want of

jurisdiction. Awomolo, cited sections 34 and 292 of the 3rd scheduled of the 1999 constitution as grounds that the CCT has no requisite power to deal with erring judicial officer without first resorting to the NJC. He said the powers of the National Judicial Council are superior to that of the Code of Conduct Bureau when it comes to the issue of judicial officers, adding that in line with section 292, the NJC must first indict a judicial officer before any judicial measure can be taken. The senior lawyer, reminded the tribunal that it had earlier recognized this position last year, when it declined to assume jurisdiction in the case of federal government against Justice Sylvester Ngwuta a Supreme Court Justice, based on the Court of Appeal decision that ordered

that serving judicial officers must first be referred to the NJC in matters of misconduct before prosecution in any other court. Awomolo accordingly urged the tribunal to maintain his earlier decision by striking out the charges against Onnoghen. In the second application dated January 31, 2019 and predicated on section 36 of the 1999 Constitution as altered, Onnoghen demanded that the chairman of the tribunal recuses or disqualify himself from further participating in the trial on the grounds of fair hearing and likelihood of bias. The defendant claimed that Umar had demonstrated sufficient bias against him in the conduct of proceedings and that it would be in the best interest of justice for the CCT boss to step aside from the proceedings.

Onnoghen stated that in the instant case, the executive arm of government, where Umar belongs to, is the complainant, investigator, prosecution and the judge contrary to the provisions of the law. Responding, counsel to the federal government, Mr. Aliyu Umar SAN, however, urged the tribunal to dismiss Onnoghen's application on the grounds that the application lacked merit. He said there is a difference between a judicial misconduct and failure of a public officer not complying with the provisions of the Code of Conduct Bureau, adding that in the case of Ngajinwa cited by the defendant, Ngajinwa was accused of bribe taking, while the defendant in this case is charged with violating constitution provisions. Meanwhile, hearing of the matter continues today.

its report. We urge the people of Rivers State to continue to maintain the peace and await the decision of the commission on the way forward. "The Fact-Finding Committee will enable the commission to understand the dynamics of the situation in Rivers State. The commission will take a rational and informed decision that accords with the constitution, the law and its regulations and guidelines. The commission is determined to protect the sovereign right of the people of Rivers State to determine those that will preside over their affairs." On supplementary election in states where the election had been declared inconclusive like Bauchi, Adamawa, Sokoto and Plateau States, he stressed that the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 (as amended), the Electoral Act, 2010 (as amended) and the Regulations and Guidelines made on the 12th day of January 2019 give INEC 21 days to conduct supplementary elections where elections are inconclusive. Okoye stressed that some of the states in the federation are yet to make a declaration

and a return, adding that the commission must wait and have a clear idea of the polling units and Registration Areas as well as the local governments where supplementary elections would take place. He added: "The commission must print ballot papers and result sheets for the supplementary elections. The commission must mobilise Presiding Officers, Collation Officers, Registration Area Technical Support Team and reconfigure the Smart Card Readers. The commission must resolve the financial implications of the supplementary elections. â€˜â€™The commission will fix the date for the supplementary elections when it has received reports from the Resident Electoral Commissioners and resolved the logistics and financial implications of the supplementary elections." The electoral body, however, claimed that the collation process has been transparent and the various media groups and organisations are beaming it live, adding that the conditions for the cancellation of votes and invocation of supplementary

of the plenary assembly of the 2019 Catholic Bishops Conference of Nigeria (CBCN), Onaiyekan said in comparison with what happened during the 2015 election, the 2019 poll is the worse. "It is not a matter of who won or who lost the election, because somebody will lose, but a situation where it appeared that the mood for a free and fair election just didn't happen. You only hear about where people were being kidnapped, ballot boxes were snatched and soldiers were seen invading peoplesâ€™ houses", he said. The cleric who is co-chairing a national peace committee, said that the consequence of the flawed electoral process may be that the people will be denied of reaping the fruits of good governance. Onaiyekan added: "Those who claim that these elections were wonderful because it worked in their favour should be reminded that bad elections cannot lead to

good governance. The massive boycott of the polls on March 9, in many places can well be a loud protest and vote of no confidence in a process that had destroyed their trust in the system. "The government that has been declared re-elected must listen to the sound of murmurs and protest in the winds and take proactive steps to pull the nation together, even while we are waiting for the outcome of the legal challenge already on course in the tribunals.â€™â€™ He said that the problems that were witnessed at the just concluded general elections are deliberate manipulation, adding that it is time for those involved to repent and change their ways for the sake of the survival of the country. Cardinal Onaiyekan has, however, stepped down as the Archbishop of Abuja Diocese. Onaiyekan, who is retiring after attaining the mandatory 75 years of age, has been replaced by the Bishop of Jos, His Grace Ignatius Kaigama.

PDP KICKS AS INEC DECLARES ELECTIONS INCONCLUSIVE IN FIVE STATES still ongoing last night in Taraba and Bauchi. Processes in Rivers had been suspended indefinitely on Sunday following what INEC called widespread disruption of voting and collation of results by unauthorised persons. Speaking in Abuja yesterday, the National Publicity Secretary of the party, Mr. Kola Ologbondiyan, accused the INEC Chairman, Prof. Mahmood Yakubu, of overtly playing the script of the Muhammadu Buhari presidency and the APC. He said the party had full intelligence of how INEC was acting on instructions from the federal government and the APC in orchestrating unwholesome situations and declaring already concluded governorship elections in Sokoto, Adamawa, Bauchi, Plateau, Kano as well as other states as inconclusive, immediately it becomes obvious that the PDP was set to win those states. The main opposition party called on its leaders, teeming members and lovers of democracy in the affected states to immediately commence a march to INEC offices and use

all legitimate means to protect the partyâ€™s mandate as freely given by the people at the polling units across the nation. Ologbondiyan said: â€œUnder Prof. Yakubu, INEC has become overtly partisan, surrendered its independence to the APC and carries on as a compromised umpire with obnoxious impunity, thereby sending signals of being heavily compromised by the APC to alter results for its candidates. â€œThis also informs the foisting of unexplainable stoppage and delays in the announcement of already collated results in other states where the PDP is clearly leading the race, from the results so far declared at the polling units. â€œOur party has also been informed of how INEC is now seeking ways to use the situation to aid the APC to alter the results and announce APC candidates as winners in the elections clearly led by the PDP just as it did in the 2018 Osun State governorship election. â€œIn some of the states like Rivers, the PDP has information of plots by APC to leverage on the declaration by INEC to unleash more violence in the state and push for isolated

election where they can bring in more security forces to concentrate on forcefully taking over the state.â€? Ologbondiyan stressed that today, majority of Nigerians and the global democratic institutions are questioning the state of the countryâ€™s democracy and electoral processes, which have been under siege under the supervision of President Buhari and INEC chairman. The PDP therefore cautioned Yakubu and INEC to perish the thoughts of altering any figures for the APC and to immediately announce the winning results in the states and others where its candidates clearly won, going by the results already declared at the polling units, wards and local government collation, adding that anything short of this would attract the legitimate wrath of the people.

Electoral Body Awaits Fact Finding Committee Report on Rivers Meanwhile, INEC has said that it is awaiting the report of the Fact-Finding Committee it set up to assess the situation

in Rivers State before taking further decision. The commission had on Sunday suspended all electoral processes in the state after the invasion of the state collation centre by soldiers. The electoral body had said that the initial assessment revealed widespread disruption of the electoral process and the harassment and intimidation of various categories of permanent and ad-hoc staff of the commission. It also noted that its initial assessment also revealed the disruption of the collation process, hence its reason for setting up a Fact-Finding Committee to assess the situation in the state and report back within 48 hours. However, the INEC National Commissioner and Chairman Voter Education and Publicity, Mr. Festus Okoye, told THISDAY yesterday that the commission would take a decision after the committee submits its report, adding that the report would enable the commission to understand the dynamics of the situation. He stated: "The commission will take a stand when the Fact-Finding Committee submits

Continued on page 10

EU, OTHER FOREIGN OBSERVERS CONDEMN MILITARYâ€™S INVOLVEMENT IN ELECTIONS sacrifices/roles in creating an enabling environment for a secure, transparent and peaceful conduct of the elections.â€? The army maintained that politicians gave hoodlums military uniforms which confused members of the public. It said it would continue to remain neutral during and after the polls, adding that it was only providing assistance to civilian security agencies. Musa insisted that UKâ€™s accusation was â€œtotally baseless, untrue and therefore capable of misleading unsuspected members of the publicâ€™â€™. He maintained that there was no credible record of the armyâ€™s involvement in election anywhere in the country before, during and after the exercise. Musa noted that available records showed that the army has been globally applauded by foreign and local electionsâ€™ observers for its role in

ensuring peaceful conduct of the elections. â€œForeign interests are, therefore, enjoined to be mindful of interfering in our national internal affairs, especially when there is no credible evidence,â€™â€™ he said. According to the army spokesman, any allegation against the army must be confirmed from appropriate quarters before jumping to conclusions. Musa, however, re-assured Nigerians that the army would deal with any of its personnel found to have contravened the law.

CUPP Accuses Buratai of Planning Military Rule In a related development, the CUPP yesterday accused the Chief of Army Staff, Lt. Gen. Tukur Buratai, of nursing a secret agenda to return the country to a military rule. The opposition parties described the performance of

the Nigerian military in the just concluded governorship election in some parts of the country as a â€˜â€™treasonable felony.â€™â€™ In a statement issued by its national spokesperson, Mr. Ikenga Ugochinyere, the coalition said Buratai's alleged use of armed soldiers to attack officials of the INEC and upturn electoral process were testing grounds for his plot to truncate Nigeria's democracy. CUPP warned that an electoral war in the magnitude of that of 1983 is looming in states like Rivers, accusing the army chief and the APC of desperate moves to announce fake governorship election results in Army Barracks in favour of an unknown and non-existence party called AAC. It said: "We condemn in unequivocal terms President Muhammadu Buhari and his Chief of Army Staffâ€™s attempt to overthrow the electoral process in Rivers

State with APC thugs and security agents. "We hereby say without mincing words that the undemocratic activities of the military and other security agencies in Rivers State are tantamount to treasonable felony and should be viewed and treated that way."

Onaiyekan: Good Governance Not Possible with Rigged Elections Meanwhile, the outgoing Archbishop of the Abuja Catholic Archdiocese has said the flawed elections witnessed during the general elections may have negative impact on good governance. While assessing the conduct of the just concluded elections, Onaiyekan said there was nothing credible about it, adding that "when you listen to people, their mood is not that of great joy." Speaking to journalists shortly after the opening

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Consider Citizensâ€™ Interest in Deciding Election Matters, Acting CJN Tells Judges Alex Enumah in Abuja The acting Chief Justice of Nigeria (CJN), Justice Tanko Muhammad, yesterday appealed to judges in the country to protect the interest and rights of the citizens as they adjudicate on various matters that may arise from the 2019 general election. Muhammad made the appeal at the opening ceremony of the 2019 refresher course for judges and Kadis held at the National Judicial Institute (NJI) in Abuja. While noting that respect for fundamental rights of citizens as epitomised by free and fair

elections is the hallmarks of true democracy, he enjoined judges whom according to him, are constitutionally vested with powers to protect such rights to sustain the nationâ€™s democracy by doing justice to every case brought before them. He said: â€œMy Lords, as we are all aware, democracy insists on the respect for the rule of law. Its principles also advocate the independence of the judiciary, the doctrine of Separation of Powers, guarantee of fundamental rights, freedom of expression epitomised by free press and media as well as free and fair elections. These are

principles, which we as judicial officers are called to protect. â€œBrother judges, distinguished ladies and gentlemen, our nascent democracy has to be nurtured, consolidated and developed even as we will be faced with the arduous task of adjudicating over election petitions as we are in an election year. â€œWe must be constantly reminded that democracy in itself is nothing if fundamental principles enshrined in the constitution of this country cannot be readily determined in constitutional adjudication by a judiciary manned by upright

judicial officers. This is premised on the fact that as the society depends on justice, those who are singularly advantaged to do justice to all manner of persons, must ensure that they themselves are standing erect far away from all manners of injustice.â€™â€™ The acting CJN urged the judges to ensure that the interest of the powerful must always be reconciled with those of the voiceless poor. â€œThis is a constitutional function which the courts in this country must continuously pursue. It is heart-warming that our courts have lived up to expectation in

perilous times which our dear country has faced in the past and we must continue to do so,â€? he added. Justice Muhammad said as judges, they must remain sensitive to the fact that the constitution imposed on them the obligations to interpret the law and adjudicate impartially, urging courts to at all times be prepared to interpret the constitution, relevant statutes

2 0 1 9 G U B E R N AT O R I A L E L E C T I O N R E S U LT S

STATES ABIA ADAMAWA AKWA IBOM BAUCHI BENUE BORNO CROSS RIVER DELTA EBONYI ENUGU GOMBE IMO JIGAWA KADUNA KANO KATSINA KEBBI KWARA

Chief Justice of Nigeria, Justice Walter Onnoghen (right), consulting with his lead counsel, Mr. Chris Uche, SAN, during the continuation of his trial at the Code of Conduct Tribunal in Abuja... yesterday

and to serve as an arbiter to litigants at minimum costs. In her welcome address, the Administrator of the NJI, Justice R PI Bozimo, said the theme of this yearâ€™s Refresher Course: â€˜Repositioning the Judiciary for Better Justice Deliveryâ€™, was apt and topical, considering that judicial integrity and the rule of law are the underlying principles of justice and the bedrock of democracy.

LAGOS NASARAWA NIGER OGUN OYO PLATEAU RIVERS SOKOTO TARABA YOBE ZAMFARA

APC 99,574 INCONCLUSIVE 171,978 INCONCLUSIVE INCONCLUSIVE 1,175,440 131,161 215,938 81,703 10,423 364,179 190,364 (AA) 810,933 1,054,427 INCONCLUSIVE 1,178,864 673,717

PDP 261,127 519,712 66,115 381,484 925,274 393,043 449,935 222,868 273,404 288,356 814,168 488,621 106,633

331,546

114,754

739,445 327,229 526,412 241,670 357,982 INCONCLUSIVE SUSPENDED INCONCLUSIVE INCONCLUSIVE 444,013 534,541

206,141 184,281 298,065 222,153 551,621 95,703 189,452

WINNERS OKEZIE IKPEAZU UDOM EMMANUEL BABAGANA ZULUM BEN AYANDE IFEANYI OKOWA DAVE UMAHI IFEANYI UGWUANYI INUWA YAHAYA EMEKA IHEDIOHA MUHAMMAD BADARU NASIR EL-RUFAI AMINU MASARI ATIKU BAGUDU ABDULRAHAM ABDUL RAAZAQ BABAJIDE SANWO-OLU ABDULLAHI SULE ABUBAKAR BELLO DAPO ABIODUN SEYI MAKINDE MAI MALA BUNI MUKTAR IDRIS

PDP KICKS AS INEC DECLARES ELECTIONS INCONCLUSIVE IN FIVE STATES elections are clear. Okoye stated: "The commission will conduct supplementary elections in places where it could not deploy on account of its own logistics challenges. It will conduct supplementary elections where there have been over voting. It will conduct supplementary elections where card readers malfunction midway in the conduct of elections. "It will conduct supplementary elections where ballot papers are not available or remaining after disruption of the electoral process. It will conduct supplementary elections where there is violent disruption of the electoral process in a substantial number of polling units before announcement of results. "The decisions relating to cancellations are taken in the presence of party and security agents. The commission does not determine the voting preferences of the voters. The commission does not know where political parties are dominant. All the 91 registered political parties are equal before the law." On allegation that smart card readers were not used in some places in Imo State, Okoye pointed out that the commission has made it clear and it has been consistent that the use of the Smart Card Reader is mandatory. He said that the commission has resolved to entrench the regime of the Smart Card Reader in the country's

electoral process, noting that the commission would continue to upgrade the Smart Card Reader as veritable quality control mechanism for verification and authentication of the Permanent Voters Card and the Voters. "The Presiding Officers and the Collation Officers are aware of the Regulations and Guidelines of the Commission relating to the use of the Smart Card Readers. Those that willfully sabotage the use of the Smart Card Reader know that there will be consequences. Communities that obstruct the use of the Smart Card Reader risk casting wasted votes as zero vote will be recorded for them."

El-Rufai Re-elected Kaduna Gov Governor Nasiru El-Rufai has been re-elected as governor of Kaduna State for the second term in office. Announcing the result yesterday in Kaduna, the State Returning Officer, Prof. Muhammed Bello, said El-Rufai, of the APC scored 1,045,427 votes to emerge winner, beating the PDPâ€™s Alhaji Isah Ashiru who scored 814,168 votes.

Buni Wins Yobe The National Secretary of the APC, Alhaji Mai Mala Buni, was declared the winner of the governorship election in Yobe State. He defeated all

other candidates in all the seventeen local government areas of the state. The Returning Officer, Prof. Abubakar Kundiri, who announced the result late Sunday night, said Buni of APC scored 444,013 beating his closest opponent, PDPâ€™s Alhaji Umar Damagum, who polled 95,703 votes.

Okowa Returns in Delta Delta State Governor, Senator Ifeanyi Okowa, was declared the winner of the governorship election in the state. Declaring the result, the state Collation/Returning Officer, Prof. Seth Jaja, who is also the Vice-Chancellor of the Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, said Okowa, the candidate of the PDP, polled 925,274 votes to defeat the first runner-up, Chief Great Ogboru of the APC, who polled 215,938 votes.

Idris Wins in Zamfara Alhaji Muktar Idris of the APC emerged winner of Zamfara State governorship election. Muktar secured 534,541 votes out of the 810,782 votes cast across the 14 government areas of the state. Announcing the result, the Returning Officer, Prof. Kabir Bala, said Bello Matawalle of the PDP scored 189,452 to emerge second.

Zulum Takes Borno The APC candidate, Prof. Babagana Zulum, yesterday declared the winner of the governorship election in Borno State. He swept aside 31 other contestants, polling 1,175,440 votes to beat his closest opponent, Alhaji Mohammed Imam of the PDP, who garnered 66,115 votes, according to the INEC Returning Officer, Prof. Alhassan Gani.

Sule Emerges in Nasarawa In Nasarawa State, APCâ€™s Alhaji Abdullahi Sule picked up the governorship. Prof. Abdullahi Bala, Returning Officer for the election, announced Sule as governor-elect yesterday in Lafia after the collation of results from the 13 local government areas of the state. Bala said the APC candidate polled 327,229 votes to defeat other opponents in the election. According to him, Mr. David Ombugadu of the PDP scored 184,281 votes, while Mr. Labaran Maku of the All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA) polled 132,784 votes.

Ayade Gets Four Years More in Câ€™ River Governor Benedict Ayade was re-elected as governor of Cross

River State for the next four years. Announcing the result in Calabar, the State Returning Officer, Prof. Akim Ibhadode, said Ayade of the PDP won the election with 381,484 votes. The APCâ€™s Senator John Enoh scored 131,161 votes.

Finally, INEC Declares Kano Election Inconclusive After initial suspension of collation of result and resumption yesterday, INEC eventually declared the governorship election in Kano inconclusive last night. The candidate of the PDP, Alhaji Abba Kabir Yusuf, scored more votes than the incumbent state Governor, Dr. Abdullahi Ganduje, with a slim margin. While Yusuf got 1,014,474 votes, Ganduje so far scored 987,810, making a difference of 26,655 votes. With 2,211,520 accredited voters, 172 polling units were cancelled making a total of 100,873 votes cancelled and 49,761 votes rejected. With the slim margin between the two candidates and very high cancellations, the State Returning Officer and Vice Chancellor of the Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Prof B. B. Shehu, said it is not enough to declare PDP winner in the contest and so the cancelled units will be reviewed by the INEC. The collation had to be

suspended on around 1:30a.m. yesterday, due to the delay in submitting the Nasarawa Local Government Area results to the collation centre at the INEC headquarters. It was later announced that hoodlums had attacked the local government collation centre at Nasarawa and disrupted the process thereby doing away with the result of Gama ward. INEC was able to regenerate the disrupted results of 10 out of the 11 local governments but the Gama result was cancelled due to the circumstances surrounding the loss of the result sheet by the LG Returning Officer, Prof. Khaleel Abdulsalam of the Bayero University Kano.

Ihedioha Wins in Imo The PDP's Emeka Ihedioha emerged the Imo State governor-elect last night. He polled 273,404 votes to defeat 69 other candidates, including his closest rival, Uche Nwosu of Action Alliance who scored 190,364 votes. Announcing the results at the office of the Independent National Electoral Commission in Owerri at exactly 10:08pm yesterday, the state returning officer, Prof. Francis Otunta, said the All Progressives Grand Alliance candidate, Senator Ifeanyi Ararume, polled 114,676 followed by the All Progressives Congress candidate, Senator Hope Uzodimma, who scored 96,458 votes.

TUESDAY MARCH 12, 2019 ˾ T H I S D AY

NEWS

Group News Editor Ejiofor Alike Email Ejiofor.Alike@thisdaylive.com, 08066066268

Police Confirm Killing of 16 People in Kajuru Community Attack John Shiklam in Kaduna The Kaduna State Police Command has confirmed the killing of 16 people last Sunday in Angwan Barde, Kajuru Local Government Area (LGA) of the state by unknown gunmen. The police confirmation came as another community, Anguwan Gora also in Kajuru LGA reportedly came under attack yesterday evening. Spokesman of the state police command, Yakubu Sabo, said: “Last Sunday at about 7.30 a.m., some unknown armed men entered Barde village under Maro in Kajuru Local Government Area and

started shooting sporadically which resulted in the death of 16 persons.” He said upon receiving information on the incident, the command mobilised teams of police operatives to the area led by Divisional Police Officer (DPO) of Kajuru, alongside military personnel with a view to apprehending the perpetrators and bringing normalcy to the area. He said the operation was still ongoing, adding however that the situation has been brought under control. Sabo said investigation was in progress, stressing that the state Commissioner of Police, Ahmad

Abdurrahman, has vowed to uncover the masterminds of the dastardly act and bring them to justice.

The statement appealed for calm and extended condolences to the families of those who are affected

by carnage. However, the police spokesman could not confirm the latest attack on

Anguwan Gora, saying he was still trying to find out and get back to THISDAY as at press time.

Kano Dep Gov, Commissioner Arrested over Alleged Disruption of Election PDP warns against manipulating guber election results Ibrahim Shuaibu in Kano The Kano State Deputy Governor, Alhaji Nasir Yusuf Gawuna, and the state Commissioner for Local Government, Murtala SuleGaro, were arrested at the wee hours of yesterday for allegedly trying to disrupt the collation of the election in Nassarawa Local Government Area of the state. Also, the Chairman of Nasarawa Local Government Area, Alhaji Lamin Sani, was also arrested by the police. This is coming as the state Chairman of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), Mr. Rabiu Suleiman Bichi, yesterday warned on the dangers of manipulating the governorship election result. However, the police are yet to respond to the arrest of the deputy governor as at the time of filling this report, but sources closed to the police in the state confirmed that the police would issue statement over the incident soon. Meanwhile, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) in the state has adjourned collation of the state governorship election results of Nassarawa Local Government Area over the alleged attack on collation centre at about 1:30 a.m. The state Resident Electoral Commissioner (REC), Prof. Riskuwa Arab-Shehu, said this yesterday after the collation of result from the 43 out of the 44 local government areas (LGAs) of the state. The INEC commissioner said the suspension was necessary because of the security challenges report the commission received from the last LGA left to announce the governorship election result. According to the REC, the result was snatched away from the collation centre, adding that the electoral body will refer

to its primary and secondary data base to generate the result from polling units and wards. He also explained that INEC will generate the result, verify and consider those that are acceptable within the electoral law. Professor Arab-Shehu added that party agents would be invited for verification of the results to ensure transparency during the regeneration of the results. THISDAY in Kano recalled that 43 local government areas results have been released out of the 44 in the state, and prior to the attack at the centre in the night, Nasarawa Local Government Area result was the only one awaiting collation. Meanwhile, the state Chairman of PDP, Mr. Rabiu Suleiman Bichi, has warned on the dangers of manipulating the governorship result, saying: “No one could predict its adverse effects.” Bichi told journalists at INEC office in Kano yesterday that he called on the state Returning Officer to declare PDP winner pending the completion of just one unit out of the 11 since 10 are available. He called on INEC to take precedence from a similar case in Ekiti State when the results of the winning party was announced pending the result from just a single unit. However, the state REC at a press briefing on the outcome of the paused collation, declared that the disrupted results of the Nasarawa LGA shall be regenerated from the polling units to complete collation. Earlier, 43 out of the 44 local government areas in the state have been collated except Nasarawa LGA, and the PDP is leading. The collation process was suspended as hoodlums attacked the LGA collation centre and disrupted the process.

FELLOW OLD BOYS...

President Muhammadu Buhari (right), receiving his classmates in the 1953 set of the Katsina Middle School in Daura, Katsina ...yesterday STATE HOUSE

INEC: Senators-elect, Members-elect Get Certificates of Return on Thursday Okorocha’s name missing on INEC’s list of senators-elect Adedayo Akinwale in Abuja The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) yesterday said that senators-elect and members-elect of the House of Representatives would receive their Certificates of Return on Thursday. INEC made this known via its verified Twitter handle. The ceremony, where the certificates will be presented

is scheduled to take place at the International Conference Centre in Abuja. According to INEC, the presentation of certificates to the Senators-elect will start in the morning, while members-elect of the House of Representatives are expected to be seated by 1:30 p.m. Meanwhile, the name of Imo State Governor, Rochas Okorocha, was not on the list of newly

elected senators that was published on the INEC’s website. In the slot for the three Imo senatorial districts, only Senator-elect Onyewuchi Ezenwa Francis (Imo East), who won on the platform of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), was listed. For Imo West senatorial district, whose seat Okorocha contested, it was blank except for an INEC remark, which read, “Declaration made under

duress.” Imo North’s slot was also empty except for a “Supplementary” remark. Okorocha had contested the seat on the platform of the All Progressives Congress (APC). He was declared winner by the Returning Officer for the Senatorial District, Innocent Ibeawuchi. Ibeawuchi, later said that he was made to announce Okorocha as winner under duress.

N’Assembly Resumes Plenary Today, May Adjourn Deji Elumoye in Abuja The National Assembly, which adjourned plenary on Tuesday, February 26, will reconvene today but may suspend sitting immediately due to the death of a member of House of Representatives. The Senate and the House of Representatives, which will reconvene by 10 a.m after the governorship election break, are expected to adjourn immediately till next legislative day as a mark of respect for the late member of the House of Representatives, Hon.Temitope Olatoye. Olatoye, representing Lagelu/Akinyele Federal Constitutency in the House, was killed in Ibadan in the violence that characterised last Saturday’s gubernatorial and House of Assembly elections in Oyo State.

The suspension of plenary which will come in form of motion to be moved by the Senate Leader, Senator Ahmad Lawan and properly seconded while the House Leader, Hon. Femi Gbajabiamila , will move similar motion on the floor of the House. The two chambers will then adjourn to the next legislative day which is tomorrow to consider pressing legislative matters before the federal legislators. At the Senate, two major bills namely the National Minimum Wage Bill and the 2019 Appropriation Bill that were scheduled for discussion will wait till tomorrow for discussion by the senators. The Senate President, Dr. Bukola Saraki, had at the last Senate sitting on February 26 mandated the eight-man senate ad-hoc committee on

national minimum wage headed by Senate Chief Whip, Senator Sola Adeyeye, up till today to get its report ready. The report which THISDAY learnt is recommending N30,000 as new minimum wage will now be debated by senators at plenary tomorrow. It is expected that the Senate will at tomorrow’s plenary pass the national minimum wage bill after it might have passed the Third Reading. The House had on January 29 passed N30,000 as national minimum wage and N5,000 higher than the N25,000 proposed in the bill sent to the national assembly by President Muhammadu Buhari. The Senate will also at tomorrow’s plenary commence debate on the 2019 Appropriation Bill presented before the National Assembly

on December 19, 2018 by President Buhari. Almost three months after the 2019 budget proposal by the presidency the Senate never listed the matter on its Order Paper; whereas the House had commenced deliberations on the appropriation bill. Sources told THISDAY that the Chairman of the Senate committee on Appropriation, Senator Danjuma Goje, is expected tomorrow to formally present the appropriation bill before the Senate for senators to deliberate upon. The bill, which may pass First Reading tomorrow before being referred to committee stage, where ministers and heads of ministerial departments will be expected to defend the 2019 budget estimates of their Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDA).

5 ) * 4 % ": t TUESDAY, MARCH 12, 2019

T H I S D AY Ëž Ëœ ÍŻÍ°Ëœ Í°ÍŽÍŻÍˇ

COMMENT

Editor, Editorial Page PETER ISHAKA Email peter.ishaka@thisdaylive.com

TACKLING NIGERIAâ€™S PLETHORA OFVIOLENT CONFLICTS Jigawa State provides lessons in peaceful co-existence, writes Abu I. Michael

he condition of affairs of Nigeria was once the desire of many countries. She is the most populous country in Africa and richly endowed with first-rate class of humans from diverse sociocultural backgrounds; for her use also are large deposits of agricultural and mineral resources. Because of the benefaction, the country remains a major trading partner of several countries including the world powers. Nigeria is relevant and strategic to the world survival, but remains a puzzle because of her inability to attain rapid socioeconomic development in order to pull out the majority of her citizens from poverty. By her natural endowment, Nigeria is also expected to be at the forefront in the affairs of Africa â€“ a beacon, and hope for the total emancipation of Africans from the shackles of illiteracy, corruption, hunger and bloodletting. But getting the equilibrium to jump back unto her path of glory is faltered by a plethora of violent conflicts. Many of the states making up the six geopolitical zones are confronted by one form of violence or the other: acts of terrorism, insurgency, herderfarmerâ€™s and ethno-religious conflicts, deliberate destruction of pipelines, armed robbery/banditry, kidnapping, cultism, political assassination and the perennial election violence. On a daily basis, the media are crammed with the death of innocent Nigerians and huge destruction of public and private assets and property worth millions of naira arising from these violent conflicts. The situation is worrisome in spite of the efforts of our gallant military, the police and other paramilitary agencies to stem the tide of the violence. The huge human and financial resources going into the various activities to stop or curtail the conflicts will definitely impact negatively on the performances of the government and our desire to transcend from an economy that is consumption-based only to a manufacturing/producing one. It was this crummy, lumpy and raspy atmosphere of insecurity staring Nigerians in the eye that took the Acting Director General of the Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution (IPCR), Dr. Bakut tswah Bakut to Jigawa State recently. IPCRâ€™s mandate covers in-depth research on peace, conflict and security related matters; analysis of related issues, production of policy briefs and response options for the government; and it also engages in direct intervention. The National Peace and Conflict Resolution Seminar recently held in Dutse, capital of Jigawa State was very important towards tackling Nigeriaâ€™s plethora of violent conflicts. The choice of Jigawa according to Dr. Bakut, was innovative.

MANY OF THE STATES MAKING UP THE SIX GEOPOLITICAL ZONES ARE CONFRONTED BY ONE FORM OF VIOLENCE OR THE OTHER: ACTS OF TERRORISM, INSURGENCY, HERDERFARMERâ€™S AND ETHNO-RELIGIOUS CONFLICTS

Jigawa borders Bauchi to the east, Kano and Katsina to the west, and Yobe State to the northeastern part; the state also shares international border with Niger Republic providing inimitable opportunities for cross-border trading. But, what IPCR finds interesting about this state of about five million people is the fact that all the states sharing borders with her including parts of Niger Republic are embroiled in violent conflicts yet Jigawa State remains relatively peaceful. Dr. Bakut said the institute was in Jigawa to tap knowledge, to learn the resilience of her people and the things being done by the government and people of the state to achieve the peaceful atmosphere being enjoyed by them for possible replication and transfer to other states of the federation. In order to set the tone for the rich conversation and interaction which occurred at the seminar, Dr. Muhammad Auwal Haruna of the Federal University, Dutse gave an â€˜Overview of Peace and Conflict Resolution in Jigawa State,â€™ while Professor Emman Shehu Usman, Director of the International Institute for Journalism, Abuja Campus made presentation on â€˜The Role of Nongovernmental Organizations in Peace and Conflict Resolution in Nigeria: The Jigawa State Experience. Mr. Paul Andrew Gwaza, a versatile peace and conflict discussant/facilitator from IPCR presented â€˜The Role of Government in Peace and Conflict Resolution in Nigeria: Appraising the Jigawa State Experience.â€™ Although, there will be publications on the findings, the principles in operation and the elements sustaining the peaceful coexistence of the people in the state, the contributions of some of the participants at the seminar unravel some of the ingredients for durable peace. The Matawalli Rigim, Engr. Kamilu Abubakar and Representative of the Commissioner for Women Affairs, among others attributed the peaceful atmosphere of the state to the inclusiveness of governance, recognition of the roles of the traditional institutions and respect for leaders of religious groups in the state. Community leaders give regular reports to the paramount ruler on the happenings in their domains while religious leaders meet regularly to take critical decisions with such mutual trust. Representatives of the police, DSS and other security agencies appreciated the spirit of patriotism being exhibited by the people in the state, noting that their duties for effecting policing of the state were made easy because the people often volunteer useful information in good time. Michael is the Resident Information OfďŹ cer, Institute for Peace and ConďŹ‚ict Resolution, Abuja

MEMO TO MR. PRESIDENT Boniface Chizea writes that President Buhari should do things right this time around

congratulate you on your victory at the recently concluded elections with a whopping margin of almost four million votes. That is landslide as some people would jocularly add. We are not oblivious that the leading opposition candidate is poised to challenge your victory in court but I should not worry about that as word out there is that with some surprise victories recorded in some units of prime opposition candidate, I should simply continue in the sure expectation that all is well. What is more for believers, it is God that gives power as He wills. Now that this is settled it is time to get down to business, demonstrating that you have learnt some lessons from the not so commendable aspects of your first tenure. We expect you Mr. President to be ready with your cabinet which should be the first order of business to be considered by the 9th Session of the National Assembly. Obviously the expectation is that some of the performing ministers will be retained. But it is time to inject some fresh blood to give your administration a shot in the arm. The expectation is that this time the cabinet would be more inclusive. With a mixture of youth and women and every effort made for fit as portfolios are assigned to aim at having a square peg in a square hole even if we are prepared to admit that the minister is really expected to offer leadership. Mr. President it is time to really prioritize peace in the land. The wanton loss of life has gone on for too long and my recommendation is that it is time to declare a state of emergency at particular zones which have proven over the years to be flash points. The Boko Haram insurrection, even if it is correct to admit it has been downgraded, the fact remains that this menace remains a present danger. A situation whereby the convoy of a state governor could be targeted demonstrated unacceptable effrontery on the part of the insurgents and every

attempt must be made to demobilize the group. And to do this we must be humble to go to any country that has proven capability and ask for their assistance. The farmers/herders problem must be tackled frontally. Questions have been asked why none of the perpetrators of these dastardly acts have been successfully prosecuted. This particular development has left your administration open to accusation of bias in its efforts to find a solution. Every effort must be made to respect the independence of the other tiers of government - the legislature and the judiciary to deepen our democracy. It is important that some bridges are constructed for harmonious relationship which would facilitate smooth governance instead of the gridlock that characterized relationship during the immediate past 8th Assembly. Let us consider certain key aspects of governance as we discuss, say the annual budget. What explained some of the delays which were experienced with the approval and successful implementation of the budget was the sore relationship that prevailed between the executive and legislature. These delays were most certainly counterproductive and impeded the desire of your administration to make good progress in the achievement of some of your set goals. Every effort should be made to establish a budget office at the National Assembly that is able to liaise and collaborate with the Budget Office of the Federation as progress is made with the preparation of the budget to ensure that the legislature is carried along so that at the end, the budget approval process would be seamless. There is no reason why we cannot return to a synchronized budget cycle which is fully aligned with the calendar year. Mr. President every effort must be made to ensure that the budget process is made effective this time around for therein lies the key to the attainment of rapid growth and development of the economy which should facilitate the creation of ample job opportunities to bring succour to the

teaming mass of the unemployed youths in the country and decrease the social tension. Mr. President there was talk on the campaign trail that NNPC would be privatized as the received wisdom out there is that there is the need for greater transparency with regard to the operations of the behemoth. There is the need to get the refineries in the country working again to impact on the volume of importation of petrol which has placed some stress on the dollar inflow into the country as quite a substantial amount is spent on this importation, particularly now that NNPC has a monopoly of these importations. Every effort should be made to get the refineries working again including the injection of private capital. Mr. President, my take is that it is time to bite the bullet to attempt deregulation of the oil market. We lost an opportunity the last time when you increased the pump price from 87 to 145. That was time to have deregulated the market to end the regime of subsidy which is most certainly no longer sustainable as there is felt pressure to increase budgetary allocations to the social sectors of education, health, water and power to positively impact the quality of life of the masses. We do not know what has been the stumbling block in the enactment of the Petroleum Industry Bill which as records have it was last reviewed in 1959. It would be good if an attempt is made to leverage on the act to upgrade aspects of sector specific operating environment in the country to better align it with best practices to continue to underwrite the competitiveness of the sector. It is obvious that the quoted volume of daily consumption of petrol in the country is largely due to product smuggling across the borders to neighbouring countries as advantage is taken of the existing price arbitrage; one more good reason to deregulate the sector. Mr. President the Central Bank enjoys instrument autonomy in its operations. This has the implications that no one must be seen to openly

dictate to the governor. The buck stops at your table Mr. President and therefore you must insist to be carried along as events unfold. But you must be guided not to speak out of turn to give the impression to the public that you decide for the governor. Such a posture sends the wrong signal and undermines the independence which the Central Bank must have and with it the attractiveness of our country as an investment destination. Mr. President recently a spurious message was trending to the effect that the incumbent Governor had been asked to proceed on pre disengagement leave pending the appointment of another governor as the tenure of the incumbent expires on June 3, 2019. That was going to be a strange development especially as no existing problems with the operations of the bank had been advertised. Mr. President Governor Emefiele has done really well to achieve the stability we are currently enjoying. It is advisable that this stability is sustained. A new appointee will inevitably come with his own experimentation which is bound to upset the apple cart. We encountered such experience in this dispensation which accounted for the exchange rate deteriorating from about 158 to the current levels of 302 and 306 with all the uncertainties that followed. We must avoid creating fires which we now have to struggle to put out. Similarly effort must be made to sustain the gains which we have achieved in certain areas of fiscal operations, the quantum increase in revenue accruing from Federal Inland Revenue Services Operation, Customs and Excise, JAMB and of course Agriculture which has now resulted in Nigeria taking over from Egypt as the country with the highest rice production capacity in Africa. Mr. President we must keep hope alive but request our compatriots to collectively determine to make their contribution to facilitating the kind of economy we would all wish to have. Dr. Boniface Chizea Lagos

T H I S D AY TUESDAY, MARCH 12, 2019

EDITORIAL The Rise In Domestic Violence The authorities could do more to contain the violence

he 2018 report of the Domestic and Sexual Violence Response Team of the Lagos State Ministry of Justice, which reveals 134 per cent increase in cases of rape, defilement and domestic violence compared to the previous year should worry critical stakeholders. This is against the background that across the nation, there are concerns about the rise in sexual and domestic violence. Just last Friday, the Lagos State High Court found Mr Lekan Shonde, 51, guilty of the murder of his wife, Ronke, and sentenced him to death by hanging. From physical and verbal abuse, to rape and even murder, it is evident that the authorities are not doing enough to stem the tide of domestic violence which manifests itself in many forms in Nigeria today. While spousal abuse cuts across both sexes, women are predominantly the victims. Yet abused women rarely report the violence inflicted on them for fear of being stigmatised by IGNORING THE SUBTLE the society. Besides, SIGNALS OF VIOLENCE the patriarchal interpretations within our INFLICTED ON OUR WOMEN CAN ONLY LEAD various faiths preach InevitaTO DISRUPTION IN OUR endurance. bly, the victim and FAMILIES AND IN OUR the abuser (where SOCIETY summoned) are usually advised to go home and find a way to settle their differences, rather than make public the injury or the violence within. The fear of being ostracised, the lack of material and financial resources and the general lack of sympathy and support from the public have contributed immensely to the growth of domestic violence in many Nigerian homes. Curbing these tragic incidents is therefore a collective responsibility. It is also the duty of governments, at all levels, to protect the most vulnerable by supporting the establishment of the necessary infrastructure and wherewithal, including safe houses, wherein abused children and women

can be securely accommodated, counselled and enabled to regain some confidence and self-respect. While it is possible to institute criminal action against the abuser in our country, the investigative and prosecutorial capacities of our law enforcement agencies are a huge disincentive for taking such action. Civil suits for damages can be filed where a conviction is obtained, but again, the system takes too long, giving sufficient time for interventions by ‘well-meaning’ relations as well as religious and community leaders to dissuade the abused from seeking solace from the law courts. The police need to seek for specialisation in handling cases reported by these unfortunate women, and alerted to the fact that battery and assault remain felonies in our law books, even where inflicted between spouses.

I T H I S DAY EDITOR BOLAJI ADEBIYI DEPUTY EDITOR DAVIDSON IRIEKPEN MANAGING DIRECTOR ENIOLA BELLO DEPUTY MANAGING DIRECTOR KAYODE KOMOLAFE CHAIRMAN EDITORIAL BOARD OLUSEGUN ADENIYI EDITOR NATION’S CAPITAL IYOBOSA UWUGIAREN MANAGING EDITOR JOSEPH USHIGIALE

T H I S DAY N E W S PA P E R S L I M I T E D EDITOR-IN-CHIEF/CHAIRMAN NDUKA OBAIGBENA GROUP EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ENIOLA BELLO, KAYODE KOMOLAFE, ISRAEL IWEGBU, IJEOMA NWOGWUGWU, EMMANUEL EFENI DIVISIONAL DIRECTORS BOLAJI ADEBIYI, PETER IWEGBU, ANTHONY OGEDENGBE DEPUTY DIVISIONAL DIRECTOR OJOGUN VICTOR DANBOYI SNR. ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR ERIC OJEH ASSOCIATE DIRECTORS PATRICK EIMIUHI, SAHEED ADEYEMO CONTROLLERS ABIMBOLA TAIWO, UCHENNA DIBIAGWU, NDUKA MOSERI DIRECTOR, PRINTING PRODUCTION CHUKS ONWUDINJO

t is noteworthy that four days to the end of his administration, on 25th May 2015, President Goodluck Jonathan signed the Violence Against Persons (Prohibition) Bill into law. But it has been of little or no effect in many of the states. Perhaps it is much more important that vulnerable groups (such as women and children) be placed on the concurrent list in the constitution thereby ensuring that consistent and uniform standards apply across board and can be accessed by and for all such Nigerians. This is necessary because the incidence of violence is oblivious to ethnicity, faith or culture. Locating vulnerable groups on the concurrent list would not preclude states from making laws on matters that are peculiar to their own contexts and jurisdictions; it would merely ensure that any Nigerian woman or child could be accorded basic and uniform protections anywhere in the country. Ultimately, it behooves on all Nigerians to remain diligent and cast away the complacency that has hitherto been the bane of the victims of abuse in our midst. Ignoring the subtle signals of violence inﬂicted on our women and children can only lead to disruption in our families and in our society. If we therefore fail to act or report, we are all complicit.

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OPEN LETTER TO PRESIDENT BUHARI

write this open letter with a deep sense of patriotism. I sincerely hope that you will pay utmost heed to my admonition which is devoid of malicious intent. A house divided against itself cannot stand. Nigeria has lost the moment of national unity since independence. All hands were on desk in the fight against colonialism until religion and ethnicity began to shape the turn of events immediately the country attained political liberty. Ethno-religious bigotry threatens Nigeria’s rapid growth. The foundation where every Nigerian has a sense of belonging and a stake in the country’s affairs irrespective of their religious and ethnic affiliation would foster the sense of national identity. Nigeria has a harder row to hoe in creating a common nationhood. The country is disintegrated in terms of history, culture, language and religion. Building a common sense of purpose should be the country’s next level. This is achievable through flourishing democratic institutions and strict adherence to the rule of law. Nigerian constitution has basic principles built on justice, equity, equality, good governance, and socio - economic prosperity. Impunity, wanton breach of the constitution, administrative irresponsibility and lopsided policy as substitutes for state framework would continue to hamper sustainable development. An- inclusive, efficient and solution-oriented administration can’t stand on executive absolutism mindset. The late Justice Taylor, in Olayori’s case, (1969) 2 All N.L.R at page 308, posited, “…If we are to have our actions guided and restrained in certain ways for the benefit of society in general and individual members in particular, then whatever status, whatever post we hold, we must succumb to the rule of law. The alternative is anarchy and chaos.” Democratic instrumentality gears towards political maturity, economic

prosperity and human growth. Taking a glance from the Nigerian constitution which is the machinery for democratic institution in the country, Section 14 (3) enshrined the federal character principle aimed at preventing an ethnic or a religious predominance in the composition of government and its agencies. The proponent argument that federal character promotes mediocrity is unfounded. There are always prerequisite credentials into federal civil service, political and civil appointment, Armed forces, the Police and other government parastatals. A strict compliance with this principle is instrumental to creating equal opportunities for all and sundry which tend to reflect national loyalty, identity and integration. Good governance holds an unquantifiable sway in building a virile nation. The fundamental objectives of state policy, fundamental human rights and separation of statutory power which are encapsulated under chapters 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 respectively of the 1999 constitution as amended are not decorative substance or prelude. The sections under these chapters tend to nurture adequate infrastructure, proper funding of public sectors, national security, human dignity, observance to the rule of law, public accountability, adequate cost of living allowance and incentives for labour force, the unsung heroes of national wealth. Nigeria is an endowed nation if her resources are properly managed. The government policy must stop killing the country’s future and banishing her labour force. It is pertinent to invest in the Nigerian populace as against the few. Your Excellency, change happens, not perfection. Nation building is a generational task. It is beyond an executable project within your second marriage to power. Your administration will not mend every loophole that needs to be fixed but it can start. I look forward to seeing great and historical feats from your administration. Binzak Azeez, Faculty of Law, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife

HIGH TECH AND OPEN DEFECATION

igeria is truly a country of ridiculous contrasts, and no wonder it is now the poverty capital of the world, technically the poorest country of the world today. Else, how does one explain the incredulity of President Muhammadu Buhari going over to Kaduna, at the invitation of Gov. Nasir el-Rufai as a campaign-boost strategy, in order to commission an unmanned aerial vehicle surveillance facility whereas the outer perimeter walls guarding the complex housing this high tech facility are also the perimeter walls for locals who wish to do open defecation even in broad daylight? Anyone who doubts my position should visit the Kaduna-Zaria Road section in Kawo that runs parallel to the Air Force Base complex opposite the barracks housing the 1 Division Headquarters of the Nigerian Army? How come the space between an Air Force Base bivouac and a Nigerian Army barracks where general-level ranked staff pass every single day is littered with human faeces and no one is doing anything to fix this situation? Is this one of those Nigeria’s APC strange philosophies of “loving the poor” so much that the poor-class is allowed to continue to wallow in abject poverty? After all, the poor-class has been told to prepare for “tough times” in the next four years. Sunday Adole Jonah, Department of Physics, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State

5 ) * 4 % ": t TUESDAY, MARCH 12, 2019

T H I S D AY ˾ TUESDAY MARCH 12, 2019

POLITICS

Group Politics Editor NSEOBONG OKON-EKONG Email nseobong.okonekong@thisdaylive.com (08114495324 SMS ONLY)

TRENDING NEWS

The Movement that Consumed Saraki Dynasty in Kwara Hammed Shittu in Ilorin

t is still a surprise to keen political watchers of Nigerian politics that the outgoing Senate President, Dr. Bukola Saraki who bestrode the nation’s political space like a colossus has been relegated, even in his home state, Kwara where he didn’t even win his senatorial to return to the national assembly. As if that was not enough, all the candidates of his party, the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) were roundly defeated by the opposition All Progressives Congress (APC) a development that signalled the tragic (or temporary end of Saraki’s political dynasty). The dynasty that hitherto dictated who gets what in the state, be it elective or political, became the opposition in the political sphere of the state. Going down the memory lane,the senate president, Dr Abubakar Bukola Saraki ,a political maestro had been winning elections for any political party he decided to pitch his tent with ,100% since 2007. When he contested against his father late Dr Abubakar Olusola Saraki who insisted in 2011 that Senator Gbemisola Saraki should take over from him after his two terms as a governor instead of the outgoing Governor Abdulfatah Ahmed, who Dr Bukola Saraki preferred, Dr Bukola Saraki and his party still won 100% Shortly after his father Dr Abubakar Olusola Saraki popularly called ‘Oloye’ the then strongman of Kwara politics died after reconciliation with Dr Bukola Saraki over the political upset in the family caused by the outcome of that election, Dr. Bukola Saraki then took over the political empire though without the backing of his immediate younger sister Senator Gbemisola Saraki who was never seen anywhere round him but in the camp of the opposition till now. Dr Bukola Saraki since he was elected the governor of the state in 2003, had grown up through the tutelage of his father Dr Abubakar Olusola Saraki the then strong man of Kwara politics. He grew up to understood the political architecture to the extent that he had a perfect means of reaching out to virtually every member of his support base and thus sustained the political dynasty he inherited. The beginning to the end of Sarakis political rulership in the state indeed started with the winning of eight councillorship and one chairmanship seats in the last local government elections by the opposition members in 2018 which never happened in the political history of the state. The icing on the cake for the opposition members in the state was the by election in Ekiti/Irepodun/Isin/Okeero federal constituency the opposition APC won on November 17,2018 after the demise of Princess Olufunke Adedoyin of the PDP. In a veiled attempt by Saraki’s dynasty to address the political error by returning the Kwara south senatorial ticket to the incumbent Senator Rafiu Adebayo Ibrahim from Governor Abdulfatah Ahmed who was initially given, more political confusion set in. The INEC initially retained Governor Abdulfatah Ahmed who had been campaigning for his successor on its list claiming that the substitution letter was submitted late. Shortly after, Governor Abdulfatah campaign posters allegedly dotted his Share hometown and other strategic areas in Kwara South. No sooner after the time court ordered INEC to return Senator Rafiu Ibrahim’s name on its list,the police arrested him two days to the election over clash by his supporters and that of arch rival in APC, Arc Lola Ashiru during which two lives were lost and he was not released until after the presidential and national assembly election. Political pundits believe that,.things started falling apart and center could no longer hold when not a few of his aides through which he used to reach out to the people started diverting the resources and political privileges meant for all ,to their own private, family and friends use. These aides have become so rich in the community ,flaunting those affluence to the hatred of those with whom they should be shared. They successfully did this for a long time knowing full well that there was no way such victims could ever get to the leader Dr Bukola-

Abdulrazaq

Saraki

Saraki as hes fondly called to lodge compliant. To make matters worse, Bukola Saraki too abandoned or so it seems, other means through which he used to know and confirm the true feelings of the people about his.political leadership and when the combinations of these political errors started having debilitating effect on the dynasty, it was already too late for Dr BukolaSaraki to make any meaningful amendment. The masses including mostly the youths,the women folk and men too particularly the artisans have been traumatised with anger over resources meant for all but cornered over the years by the privileged few and nothing was fundamentally done about it. Not a few times, empowerment items meant to alleviate the sufferings of followers were allegedly sold off,while in other cases Dr Sarakis aides present their cronies to collect such empowerment items for private use. Also political appointments have not been evenly distributed but restricted within the privileged few who have been in government with their relations and friends for not less than ten years now. The aggrieved and so many others who have these serial complaints were therefore easily swayed when the opposition All Progressives Congress(APC) came with their message of liberation. It was thus easy to consider the available political alternative which was one of the main reasons “O to ge” movement(enough is enough) was effective for the dynasty to give way. The advent of O to ge: movement in the state propounded by opposition, APC has taken over the lips of many residents of the state especially youths, women, among others. They have made up their minds to thrown their support to any candidate that may put forward by the APC to face any candidate put forward by Saraki to vie for any elective positions in the state during the polls. The movement spread like flame fire has touched nooks and crannies of the 16 local government councils as people viewed that the alleged poor governance that had characterised the outgoing government must come to an end and therefore demanded for a new change that would usher in good governance to be controlled by the APC. To make matters further complicated THiSDAY further learnt that the outgoing governor Alhaji Abdulfatah Ahmed who could have made up for these errors at the home front has not lived up to expectations. He was a banker and technocrat who spends by calculation and doesn’t see needs often time to spend money for political needs. Over the years having enjoyed the plum of political office as commissioner for finance for eight years and a governor of eight years by May 29,Sai Maigida as fondly called by his admirers has largely failed to see to the political needs of the people which Dr Bukola Saraki had also been aware of interesting too ,not a few of his aides flaunt the wealth of the government in the public space even as Governor Ahmed always tells his friends and those who come across him for one needs or the other the story of the stale economic theory of no money in kwara.

The last straw that dealt the camel blow towards the fall of Sarakis political empire last weekend was the exit of the major aides ofDr Bukola Sarakis over irreconcilable politicaldiffences. Among such former political “soldiers” include the former Secretary to the state Government(SSG) and now House of Reos elect for Ilorin East/ Ilorin South federal constituency, Alhaji Saka Cook Olododo, and former special adviser on Special Duties and former member of House of Reps,Alhaji Moshood Mustapha. It is not under statement to say that these aides understood him too well and even the winning streak of the dynaaty. While, the need to reconcile with them for political reason was expedient but called bluff of them and this seriously affected his political fortune in the state. Also, the decision of Dr.Saraki to seek presidential ambition amd his consequent appointment as the Director General of Atiku campaign organisation has brought alot of untold hardship to his political fortune because governor Ahmed that he left home for could not make any impact in assuading the political growth of the dynasty in the state. However, on February 23 presidential and national assembly polls when the results of the election was coming out, Dr.Bukola Saraki and his party, PDP, failed to win any single position in the national assembly positions including his senatorial position, Kwara central senatorial ticket as APC clinched all the positions. Besdies, the dynasty and his party, PDP equally lost presidential election to president Muhammadu Buhari during the poll, a signal of purported rejection of the dynasty and his PDP in the state. By the time election results as announced by INEC on Sunday, to the chagrin of members of the family of Bukola Sarakis political empire was one blow too many.The leader himself Dr Bukola lost his senatorial seat and so was all the national assembly candidates of PDP and also Atiku Abubakar the party’s presidential candidate in kwara state. Moreover, on March 9 governorship and state house of assembly polls in the state, the leaders and members of APC won the governorship and all the 24 seats of the state house of assembly. This superlative outing of APC in the election has finally led to the fallen of Kwara Berlin wall of politics led by Saraki dynasty in the state. On March 10 when the INEC declared the APC governorship candidate,Alhaji Abdulrahman Abdulrazaq was declared tje winner and governor elect of the governorship polls, the ancient town of Ilorin and other parts of the state were thrown into joyful celebration as it was a dream come true to him. Alhaji Abdulrasaq polled the total votes of 331,546 to defeat his arch rival in the polls, the PDP governorship candidate Hon. Razak Atunwa that polled 114,754 votes The billionaire business man was not new in Kwara politics, his doggedness and determination to govern the state of harmony surely brought him this far. He had been an arch enemy of Sarakis political dynasty in the state and represents anything that opposes the dynasty until fate smile on him.

It will be noted further here that,.the major booster for the victory of All Progressives Congress at the polls was the O to ge political slogan adopted by the gubernatorial candidate and indeed all the candidates of the party. Like a child play O to ge became a movement that came on the lips of the majority across the nooks and crannies of the state who suddenly started hate talks about Dr Bukola Saraki s political dynasty though some said it was spiritual. Also the local radio stations had done various programs to showcase talks about the evils of the government over the years a development that fuelled the acceptability of O to ge movement. Though the opposition Peoples Democratic Party(PDP)in the state countered with O tun ya meaning Lets do it again but the impact was politically nil as it was despised by the majority. Also, the former aides of Dr Bukola Saraki who defected to the All Progressives Congress over irreconcilable political differences did more damage by revealing the winning strategies of the dynasty which helped in no small means in the APC landslide victory. The O to ge movement has done the expected for the All Progressives Congress in the state but the members were quick to tell their leaders that they only created a level playing for everyone by developing the state that the incoming administration of Abdulrahman Abdulrazaq should be prepared to perform or be voted out in the next years. Meanwhile, in his congratulatory message to the people of the state,the governor elect, Alhaji Abdulrasaq dedicated his electoral victory of the March 9 governorship and state house of assembly polls to the people of the state, home and abroad, who stood resolutely to see through the democratic revolution that started many years ago. In a statement issued in Ilorin signed by his media officer, Mr.Rafiu Ajakaye said that, “much as this historic event calls for celebrations, we instead implore our people to reflect on the challenges ahead and the need to come together as this victory belongs to all Kwarans”. According to the statement,”March 9, the people of Kwara State finally shook off the yoke of political subjugation and socioeconomic stagnation by voting overwhelmingly for our party (APC) in the governorship and House of Assembly elections”. The statement said that, “We are faced with the challenge of evolving a Kwara that works for all, away from the abysmal state of affairs now.. “We promise to diligently implement our manifesto for the good of our people and we salute all the heroes of this struggle, including all those who paid the supreme sacrifice. May their souls rest in perfect peace. “We commend our party members, leaders at the local, state and national levels for their sterling efforts and contributions to this victory. “We thank our traditional rulers for their fatherly roles. We also commend the security agencies, electoral officers and other stakeholders who performed their duties creditably. “We also thank the media for their professionalism. Finally, we are grateful to everyone who supported the O to ge movement”. Also in his congratulatory, the PDP governorship candidate, Hon.Razak Atunwa congratulated the winner of the election, Alhaji AbdulRahman AbdulRazaq of the All Progressives Congress (APC). Atunwa, in a statement iasued last night in Ilorin also thanked God for His blessings as well PDP’s leadership and supporters who stood by him during the just concluded elections in the state. He added: “I would like to thank the PDP leadership and all our supporters who stood by me in the just concluded elections. “Your commitment and dedication is heartwarming. You all gave your best. We are all winners in the process of democracy. “Whilst the Party considers its next line of action, and without prejudice to any legal process, I offer my congratulations to AbdulRahman AbdulRazaq. NOTE: Interested readers should continue in the online edition on www.thisdaylive.com

T H I S D AY ˾TUESDAY MARCH 12, 2019

STATE OF THE POLITY

No Cheers in Abia as Ikpeazu Rides Opposition to Victory

Abia state Governor and Governor Elect Dr. Okezie Ikpeazu reacting to his victory at goverment house Umuahia with him is his deputy Sir Udeh Okechukwu (left) Photo: Ibeabuchi Abarikwu Emmanuel Ugwu

bia state governor, Dr Okezie Ikpeazu has succeeded in his second term reelection bid. He was announced the winner of the 2015 Abia governorship election by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) with 261,127 votes representing 59 percent of the 444,376 total votes cast. It was expected to that the battle for Abia government house would be a very tough one but it turned out that the incumbent governor dusted his opponents easily. The first runner up, Mr. Uchechukwu Sampson Ogah of the All Progressives Congress (APC) got 99,574 votes or 22.4 percent of total votes. The governorship flag bearer of the All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA), Mr. Alex Otti was placed third with 64,366 votes or 14.5 percent of total votes. As the poll result was announced at the INEC office at Ogurube layout it appeared as if a gloomy pall of gloomy cloud quickly formed and hung over the capital city. For the first time since the inception of the present democratic dispensation there was no street celebration fight. The city was quiet. Not even the supporters of the ruling party saw the need to come out and celebrate the victory of the party’s governorship candidate. It was only inside the government house that governor’s aides and some supporters were seen patting their backs and shaking hands for a job well done. But inside the town all was silent. In declaring Governor Ikpeazu as winner of the 2019 governorship poll, the returning officer, Professor Benjamin Ozurumba, the vice-chancellor of the University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN), said that the governor satisfied the requisite condition by scoring the highest number of votes with enough spread across the state. Ikpeazu won in 11 of the 17 local governments, Ogah emerged tops in four local governments while Otti emerged best in two local governments. Reacting to his victory, Governor Ikpeazu thanked the people of Abia for renewing his mandate, assuring that Abia would witness greater development in all fronts in the next four years. He told journalists at a press conference in government house shortly after receiving the news of his victory that the next stage of his

administration would mainstream women and youths. Ikpeazu assured that the developmental projects already lined up by his administration, including the Enyimba Economic City, which would create over 700,000 jobs and Osisioma fly over would be fully realised. Expectedly the triumphant Abia chief executive commended INEC and security agencies for ensuring that the poll was conducted in peaceful atmosphere devoid of rancour and blood-letting, adding that he has offered a hand of fellowship to all his opponents during the election. He said that his opponents should not feel sore because losing the poll “is not a loss in absolute sense of the word but a call to duty on a higher pedestal for those who love Abia beyond their personal ambition”. He therefore called on his opponents to “rise to the occasion and join hands with this government to deliver the best in terms of democracy dividends”. The main opposition parties are not happy that Governor Ikpeazu has managed to ride them to victory. They are crying foul. State chairman of APGA, Rev Augustine Ehiemere described the governor’s victory as “a successful robbery”. Ehiemere, who is also the state chairman of the state chapter of Inter-party Advisory Council (IPAC), submitted a petition to INEC during the collation exercise. In fact the main opposition parties have put aside whatever differences they have to fight a common adversary. Both Otti and Ogah jointly addressed a press conference while the collating of results was still in progress at INEC office. They vehemently rejected the poll result, saying that it was a product of “fraud and robbery”. “We would like to inform you that all the results were not only fraudulent but did not represent the will of the people of Abia,” Otti said, adding that “the results were highly tampered with to favour the ruling PDP”. He alleged that INEC connived with security agencies to change the results and give victory to the incumbent governor. The results, according to him, were altered between the polling units and the collation centres. “We therefore reject in its totality the results of the 2019 governorship election announced by INEC and demand its cancellation,” he said. They called for the cancellation of the 2019 governorship poll in Abia within 24 hours and organise rescheduled poll

“whenever INEC is ready to organise transparent election”. Ogah lamented that the agents of opposition parties were chased out of the collation centres to enable the PDP write the results the way they desired. For the opposition the victory of Governor Ikpeazu was a stunner. They had hoped for a triumphant outing against the incumbent Abia chief executive given his perceived many failings, especially the vexed issued of unpaid salaries and pensions. Abia was seen as low hanging fruit waiting to be plucked by the opposition. With the anger and sadness in the state there was a groundswell of opinion that it would be hard for the governor to garner enough votes to survive the opposition challenge. He survived. Governor Ikpeazu was helped by the so called ‘Ngwa agenda’. The agenda was said to be an agreement by the governor’s kinsmen to the effect that they would not allow him to be disgraced out of office without serving a second term. Dr Ikpeazu made history as the first person from the Ukwa/Ngwa stock that spans nine local governments in Abia South and part of Abia Central zones. The argument by the governor’s kinsmen was that since his predecessors from Abia North (Orji Uzor Kalu) and Abia Central (Senator) Theodore Orji all did two terms of eight years the fate of ikpeazu could not be different. Hence the Ukwa/Ngwa political bloc rallied round their son to ensure that he must stay in office for eight years. It was a case of ‘be your brother’s keeper’. Even the members of opposition parties from the governor’s Ukwa/Ngwa area were all sucked into the Ngwa agenda and covertly or overtly worked against their own parties to guarantee Ikpeazu’s second term mandate. During the governorship poll there were reports of agents of opposition parties looking the other way or out rightly abandoning their duty posts to allow the ruling have its way in most local governments in the Ukwa/ Ngwa area. It was a challenge for the Ukwa/Ngwa people to deliver Ikpeazu and keep him at government house till 2023 when the power shift button in the Abia charter of equity spring would be activated in favour of Abia North. It was therefore not surprising that the so called opposition party big wigs from Ngwa could not raise a finger against the governor and

allowed him to have his way, even if the poll was rigged as being alleged by the opposition. The deputy governorship candidate of APC, Hon Martin Azubuike, who is a serving state lawmaker, could not deliver his Isiala Ngwa north local government. PDP ran away with 19,209 votes leaving APC with just 2,404 votes. The state chairman of APC, Hon Donatus Nwankpa did not in any way justify his position as his Osisioma local government could only yield 1,981 votes as against 19,835 that PDP garnered. A chieftain of APC, Senator Nkechi Nwaogu, who hailed from Isiala Ngwa South local government but married in Osisioma could not help her party in any of the two local governments despite her touted popularity, especially in Osisioma. So it is generally believed that it was the Ngwa agenda that made it impossible for APC to leverage on the political stature of former deputy governor, Dr Chris Akomas and Friday Nwosu both of who hail from Obingwa local government. Both politicians had contested for the APC governorship ticket but lost to Uche Ogah, who is from Isuikwuato local government in Abia North zone. The Ngwa politicians in APC had clamored for the APC governorship ticket and did not hide their anger and disappointment when it eluded them. The opposition parties on their part did not help their cause Both APC and APGA were embroiled in internal crises before the election. The two main opposition parties have parallel state executives that produced parallel governorship candidates. No doubt the absence of a strong single leadership robbed both APC and APGA the needed collective effort to prosecute the governorship poll. Aside from their different internal crisis APC and APGA were expected to have cooperated to present a joint ticket given the enormity of the challenge of the battle to dethrone a ruling party that had held sway in Abia for 18 of the 20 years of the present democratic dispensation. It was gathered that neither Ogah nor Otti was willing to step down for the other hence they went to the political battle without formidable force. The Abia APC had hoped for the proverbial ‘federal might’ to help them unseat Ikpeazu but got none. The party was left to lick its wounds as all the federal apparatus that should have worked for them were alleged to have been used in the opposite direction.

T H I S D AY Ëž ÍŻÍ°Ëœ Í°ÍŽÍŻÍˇ

FEATURES

Group Features Editor: Chiemelie Ezeobi Email chiemelie.ezeobi@thisdaylive.com, 08152252325

African Monarchs Take a Stand on Girl-child Education

Frontline monarchs from African kingdoms have taken up the task to keep the continentâ€™s girl children in schools, with the hope that this time, they will stay in school. Chineme Okafor writes

African monarchs after their Abuja meeting

oyals by default, do not often turn up in public except for really good reasons, and when they do turn up, they try to make it memorable. Recently in Abuja, a collection of monarchs from about 20 African countries including Botswana; Burkina Faso; Democratic Republic of Congo; Sudan; South Sudan; Senegal; Mali; Comoros; Nigeria; Niger; Liberia; Cameroun; Uganda; Ethiopia; Ghana; Morocco; Zambia; Kenya; Tanzania and Zimbabwe, assembled to talk about how best to get millions of Africaâ€™s girl children currently out of school, back to the classrooms to complete their primary and secondary education. Standing together on the platform of â€˜Keeping Girls in School Summitâ€™ the monarchs, led by Nigeriaâ€™s Sultan of Sokoto, His Eminence Muhammadu Saâ€™ad Abubakar III; and Ugandaâ€™s Kabaka of Bugunda, His Highness Ronald Edward Frederick Kimera Muwenda Mutebi II, took to deliberate the critical issue of out of school girl children in the continent, and sustainably find ways to end it. In attendance were the Emir of Kano, His Highness Muhammadu Sanusi II; Obi of Onitsha, His Highness, Nnaemeka Alfred Nnanyelugo Achebe; the Emir of Argungu in Kebbi State,

His Highness Alhaji Samaila Mera; the Nnabagereka of Buganda Queen Sylvia Nagginda; the Asantehene of Asante Ghana, Osei Tutu II; the Queen Mother of the Asante, Her Majesty, Nana Ama Konadu; and the Sultan

Based on a 2014 report of the British Council on the status of girls education in Nigeria, as well as what drives it speciďŹ cally, it was discovered that as at then, data showed that in Nigeria alone, over 5.5 million girls were out of school; while 40 per cent of women in the country had also by 2009, never attended school

of Zinder in Niger Republic, His Highness, Alhaji Aboubacar Sanda. The Archbishop of Abuja, Cardinal John Onaiyekan; and Chairman, Assembly of Muslims in Nigeria and the Fatwa committee of Nigeria Supreme Council for Isalmic Affairs, Sheikh Sheriff Ibrahim Saleh, were also in attendance. Social Movement Accordingly, Keeping Girls in School, is an initiative aimed at starting a social movement in Africa that will rapidly set the stage to leap frog improvement in maternal and child health and the status of women and girls in Africa. The initiative will also engage and support traditional and religious leaders who shape social norms, culture and behaviour of a mass majority of people in Africa, regardless of class, religion or gender, to develop strategies and solutions from within and use their positions to ensure African girls finish at least twelve of year of school. According to them, they would be tapping from within the rich, diverse cultural values of Africaâ€™s royalties and thought leaders, to fulfil these intentions. Framework With poverty reportedly being one

of the key reasons why girls in Africa are usually out of school, the monarchs indicated they would also seek to within the framework, promote the incorporation of in-school skills that generate incomes which could fund the girlsâ€™ continued stay in school at least through their secondary education. With reference to reports from the United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), which indicated that millions of Africaâ€™s girl children are out of school, or do not even have the means to ever get educated, the monarchs, had perhaps thought it a challenge to deal with systematically. The UNESCO report, explained that this anomaly had continued despite an undeniable link between the education of mothers to the health and development outcomes of their families. It thus indicated that the future of African families was dependent on the education of their girl children, which the continentâ€™s monarchs now want to deeply take up now. Statistics Based on a 2014 report of the British Council on the status of girls education in Nigeria, as well as what drives it specifically, it was discovered that as at then, data showed that in Nigeria alone, over 5.5 million girls were out of school; while 40 per cent of

T H I S D AY Ëž ÍŻÍ°Ëœ Í°ÍŽÍŻÍˇ

FEATURES

Emir of Kano, delivers a presentation at the meeting

women in the country had also by 2009, never attended school. The report further stated that nearly two-thirds of women in the countryâ€™s North-west and North-east regions do not any form of formal education as against less than 15 per cent in the South South. Causative Factors Detailing some of the reasons girls in Nigeria do not really go to school, especially in the northern regions, the British Council report stated that schoolsâ€™ accessibility; infrastructure; safety and security; teaching and learning; school fees and costs; poverty; child labour; gender norms and stereotypes; early marriages and pregnancy; as well as religious inclinations were some of the chief culprits that need to be tackled. It explained for instance that distance to school and perceptions of school security may often hinder parents from encouraging their daughter to attend school, while many families cannot afford the costs of schooling, for uniforms or books, as much as other families preferring to send their children to Qur â€™anic schools or to even keep them at home to help with domestic work or generate additional income for the home. However, it noted, and for which perhaps the African monarchs stand for, that there are indeed immense benefits to educating women. According to it, when women are educated, they are less likely to die in childbirth and more likely to have healthy and well-nourished children, unlike when they are not educated. It further explained that while the children of educated women are more likely to go to school, girlsâ€™ education spurs exponential positive effects on social and economic development for generations of people, considering that it is adjudged good economics, and the best investment in a countryâ€™s national development.

Royal Push Having perhaps realised that for decades, governments of African countries and their international development partners have tried so hard and with minimal success to improve on the education of girl children in the continent, the monarchs in their resolves indicated they were now willing to get committed to helping clear some of the factors that obstruct girl-child education. Led by the Sultan and Kabaka, at the Abuja meeting which provided an opportunity for them to share ideas and best practices, as well as develop strategies and networks to keep girls

Religious and cultural sensitivities should be taken into consideration by policymakers in the educational sector. Each country should be supported to form coalitions of young people, religious and traditional leaders as well as women champions on keeping girls in school

in school, the monarchs signposted that their commitment could eventually open up and keep the continentâ€™s girl child in the classrooms. The meeting also served as a means to sensitise and equip various community leaders in the continent with the right skills to motivate parents and caregivers to get deeply committed to ensuring all girls in their constituencies complete at least 12 years of education. Proffered Solutions Beyond this, it equally offered traditional and religious leaders who participated the opportunity to reflect and come up with ideas on how they would contribute to the movement of keeping girls in school in their communities by increasing enrolment, retention and completion of school as well as ensuring girls acquire life and livelihood skills. They amongst other things resolved that going forward, African religious and traditional leaders will take the lead in ensuring all girls in their communities complete secondary education, including life and livelihood skills, and community values and cultures. They also stated that communities will now explore using their own resources and initiate self-sustaining mechanisms to ensure their own community developments, adding that this will include ensuring governments take the responsibility of girlsâ€™ education very seriously. Additionally, traditional and religious leaders will now embark on the sensitisation of, and raising of awareness on the importance of education generally, but with focus on girlsâ€™ education in particular, with specific roles assigned to religious leaders for the achievement of these objectives. Further at the meeting, it was agreed that African women, under the leadership of Amina Mohammed, who is the Deputy Secretary General of the United Nations, shall support

and champion keeping girls in school in Africa, as well as serving as mentors to girls and young women in the continent. Beyond these, the monarchs also at the meeting agreed to have various African youth groups and individuals advocate for and support traditional and religious leaders to ensure that every girl in Africa has the opportunity to complete at least twelve years of education. â€œThey shall support girls in their communities by establishing local mentorship and outreach initiatives. They will use the â€˜power of digitalâ€™ to hold governments accountable, and mobilise and advocate support for the improvement in girlsâ€™ enrolment and retention in schools in Africa. â€œReligious and cultural sensitivities should be taken into consideration by policymakers in the educational sector. Each country should be supported to form coalitions of young people, religious and traditional leaders as well as women champions on keeping girls in school,â€? the monarchs agreed in a communique which emanated from their meeting. To measure the progress of their commitment, the meeting also agreed that traditional and religious leaders, communities, youth groups and women champions would continue to share experiences as well as set a time frame to evaluate how well they have carried out their efforts at keeping girls in schools. Speaking at the meeting, the Sultan of Sokoto, His Eminence Muhammadu Sa'ad Abubakar III called on all traditional and religious leaders on the continent to focus on the development of their communities. He explained that: â€œA key factor in the development of our communities is the education of our girls. I believe traditional and religious leaders will lead in shaping the future of Africa by ensuring all girls complete secondary school education and learn life and livelihood skills in the process.â€?

WEEKLY PULL-OUT

12.03.2019

THE SCOURGE OF TEENAGE FEMALE CULTISM IN DELTA

2/DASHBOARD

12.03.2019

Validity of Judgement Delivered by Panel Diﬀerent from that which Heard the Appeal PAGE 4

Group Partners to Reduce Prison Congestion in Nigeria PAGE 5

‘Your Money is Intact in Banks’, Gov. Bello tells Striking Judiciary Workers PAGE 5

QUOTABLES ‘More than any group in Nigeria, the human rights community engaged in a titanic legal battle with military dictators, towards the restoration of democratic dispensation in our country. We therefore, have a duty to ensure that popular democracy or participatory democracy, is institutionalised here. ....We want a situation where every vote counts, and where every registered voter will cast their vote, without any form of intimidation or harassment.’ – Femi Falana, SAN, Human Rights Activist

‘.....The President is obliged to live up to his word, that he is a born again democrat, as he assured all Nigerians since assuming office in 2015.’ - Henry Seriake Dickson, Lawyer, Governor of Bayelsa State on behalf of PDP South South Governors

Young Lawyer Appointed IBA National Representative for Nigeria PAGE 6

‘Law Practice Requires Emotional Intelligence’ PAGE 6

COLUMNIST DR. MIKE OZEKHOME, SAN, OFR, FCIARB, PH.D, LL.D Constitutional Democracy, means a system of government, in which political and governmental power, is deﬁned, limited and shared by a grundnorm called the Constitution, which provides inbuilt checks and balances. This column seeks to ﬁercely discuss constitutional, legal and political issues, with a view to strengthening, deepening and widening the plenitude and amplitude of democracy and good governance, without fear or favour. The writer of this column, Dr. Mike Ozekhome, SAN, is a Constitutional Lawyer, Human Rights Activist, Pro-Democracy Campaigner, Notary Public and Motivational Speaker. He co-founded the Civil Liberties Organisation (CLO), Nigeria's pioneer human rights league, on October 15,1987, the Universal Defenders of Democracy (UDD), in 1992, and with Chief Gani Fawehinmi and others in 1998, the Joint Action Committee of Nigeria (JACON), to push out the military. In his early days, he lectured at the University of Ife. Dr. Ozekhome is an author of many books. He is also a Special Counsel at the International Criminal Court (ICC), at The Hague.

ONIKEPO BRAITHWAITE EDITOR JUDE IGBANOI DEPUTY EDITOR AKINWALE AKINTUNDE REPORTER TUNDE BUSARI GROUP HEAD OCHI OGBUAKU II ART DIRECTOR

Women and Rights of Inheritance

Azinge Foundation’s Colloquium bout two weeks ago, I was honoured to have been invited to chair the Professor Epiphany Azinge Foundation’s maiden 2019 Colloquium titled, “Women Inheritance in Nigeria: Breaking the Barriers of Gender Discrimination”. It was an extremely interesting and thought provoking event. I think the topic of discussion was rather apt, considering the fact that International Women’s Day was on March 8. Happy Women’s Day to all of us women! However, I arrived and left the Colloquium, with the same question on my mind – “will statutory enactments and judicial decisions be able to change age long traditions, customs and religious beliefs, which have played a huge role in gender discrimination?” As the Chairman of the event, I made my opening remarks on the issue. Here are some of my submissions, with some slight modifications:

Gender Discrimination: Deﬁnition and Origins The Cambridge Dictionary defines gender discrimination thus: “A situation in which someone is treated less well because of their sex, usually when a woman is treated less well than a man”. From the beginning of time, women have never been treated as being equal to men. For instance, in the Bible, 1st Corinthians Chapter 14:34-35 says, “Women should remain silent in the churches. They are not allowed to speak, but must be in submission. If they want to inquire about something, they should ask their own husbands at home; for it is disgraceful for a woman to speak in the church”. People have used this verse, to constantly diminish the role of women, not just in the church, but in society, denying women of leadership roles when they are more than deserving of them, and holding that women are inferior to men. Likewise, with the Muslims, when I visited Saudi Arabia with my father (of blessed memory) about 26 years ago, I was shocked to see signs in places saying, “No women or dogs allowed”! So, why should it be different in traditional Africa? Except, of course, among maybe the Ashantis of Ghana, where you have the matrilineal as well as the patrilineal (bilineal) systems of inheritance, that is, women can inherit and devolve property on beneficiaries, and descent and claim to land can be traced through the mother’s lineage (and in some areas in Abia and Ebonyi States, where women also have full legal capacity to own land and also devolve it on others in death). Leave a Will It is best to make bequests ‘inter vivos’ (in the lifetime of the giver) or leave a valid will, because it makes inheritance more or

less straightforward, as the Testator chooses his beneficiaries. Therefore, a Testator can leave his property to his daughter or wife. However, I say more or less straightforward, because sometimes, the right of a Testator, is not always absolute, and may be subject to Customary or Islamic law, as in the case of Chief Saka Lawal Osula & Ors v Lydia Modupe Lawal Osula & Ors (1995) 10 SCNJ 84 where the Supreme Court upheld the Bini custom, of the right of the first son to inherit the ‘Igiobe’, that is, the house or houses where the Bini Chief lived or used as his seat as a Bini Chief. The Supreme Court even likened this Bini law, to that of the inheritance for nobles under English law. In that case, the Testator sought to leave his estate to his other children, and not the 1st Plaintiff, who was his first son.

Intestacy One should rightly be able to assume that, when a deceased is married under the Marriage Act, and dies intestate, the Administration of Estates Act or Laws will set in, whereby the surviving spouse gets one-third of the estate, while the children share the balance two- thirds, that is, all the children of the deceased, whether born of the marriage or not, because Section 42(2) of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended)(the Constitution) prohibits discrimination against anyone, due to the circumstances of their birth. I believe that it is only when a deceased has no children and no wife, that the issue of collaterals (siblings, surviving parents, and relatives) inheriting, comes into play. However, very early in my legal practice, sometime about 1992, I handled a matter where a husband of Igbo extraction, had died intestate leaving six children, five girls and the youngest, a male child of about seven years. He married his wife under the Marriage Act. But, when she sought to obtain Letters of Administration with her first daughter who was just of age, her husband’s brothers lodged a caveat and tried to prevent her from so-doing, insisting that they were the ones entitled to the estate/apply for the Letters of Administration, as women and wives could not inherit in their area. I am happy to say that, I won the case for my client. The court decided in her favour, saying that she could obtain the Letters of Administration with her daughter; that the deceased’s marriage to his wife under the Act, evinced the fact that he intended that his life, and and his affairs, be governed by law, and not by any tradition or custom, prohibiting daughters and wives from inheriting or administering the estate. Inheritance Customs In most societies including ours, women have always played very important roles, even in the rural areas, where the play a primary

Making my Opening Remarks at the Professor Epiphany Azinge Foundation’s Colloquium with Tony Njoku, Executive Secretary, Human Rights Commission, looking on

role within the household and also in the agricultural sector – going to the farm and so on. Yet, in many cultures, we are considered to be subordinate to men. For instance, in Northern Nigeria where most are subject to Sharia law, a female share of inheritance, is half as much as that of a male. A widow has a right to one-eighth of her husband’s estate if he has heirs, and one-quarter, if he has no heirs. If there is more than one wife, they share the wife’s entitlement. A sole surviving daughter, gets only half of her father’s estate, while a sole surviving son, gets it all. For the Yorubas, traditionally, it is the blood lineage that counts, and the deceased’s estate transfers to his children equally, male or female. But, in the past, widows could not inherit, they only had a possessory right to their husband’s property, that is, to remain living in his property and farm on a portion of his farmland, in their lifetime. In Suberu v Sunmonu (1957) 12 F.S.C. Page 33, the Supreme Court held that, under Yoruba native law and custom, a wife cannot inherit her husband’s property. For the Igbos, though the rules of customary law on succession are not uniform, the common thread that runs through them, is that females could not exercise their rights of inheritance, whether over their fathers property or that of their husbands Ugboma v Ibeneme (1967) FNLR 251. The first son of the deceased, had a right of succession to the whole estate and could inherit it all, to the exclusion of all others (primogeniture) or acted as a Trustee for the other male siblings Ejiamike v Ejiamike (1972) ESCL 11, or could allocate property to them. Had the Supreme Court had upheld the Court of Appeal decision in Mojekwu v Mojekwu (1997) 7 NWLR Part 512 Page 283 at the time, it would have been a step in the right direction. In that case, the court per Niki Tobi JCA (as he then was), declared the “Oli-ekpe” native law and custom of Nnewi repugnant to natural justice, equity and good conscience, because it discriminated against women (inheritance). This Court of Appeal decision was however, upturned in Mojekwu v Iwuchukwu (who was substituted for Caroline Mojekwu who died) (2004) 11 NWLR Part 883 Page 196, when the Supreme Court decided that, there was no justification for the Court of Appeal to declare the Oli-ekpe custom repugnant. In this case, the deceased died intestate, leaving behind two daughters. His nephew claimed that, he was entitled to his Uncle’s estate by virtue of Nnewi native law and custom. The landmark case of Ukeje v Ukeje (2014) 11 NWLR Part 1418 Page 384, in which the Supreme Court upheld the right of a female child to inherit properties in Iboland, citing the Ibo customary law which disentitled a female child from sharing in her father’s estate, as a breach of Section 42(1) of the Constitution which prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex (or circumstances of birth, for example, a child born out of wedlock, not being able to inherit like a child of a marriage - Section 42(2) of the Constitution). Issues and Solutions What happens, for instance, in the case of a person from Nnewi, in respect of which there seems to be two conflicting Supreme Court decisions on women inheritance - Mojekwu v Iwuchukwu and Ukeje v Ukeje? Will the Supreme Court now overrule its decision in Mojekwu’s case as possibly erroneous in law, because the decision is discriminatory against women and therefore, unconstitutional? Are people ready to set aside their traditional beliefs, while Muslims set aside their religious laws of inheritance, in favour of court decisions? Hon. Justice Adekunle Lawal of the Customary Court of Appeal, FCT, humorously brought to our attention the fact that, many a time, it is women in the family who stand in opposition, to, for

ONIKEPO BRAITHWAITE

THE ADVOCATE onikepo.braithwaite@thisdaylive.com onikepob@yahoo.com

“IT IS BEST TO MAKE BEQUESTS ‘INTER VIVOS’ (IN THE LIFETIME OF THE GIVER) OR LEAVE A VALID WILL, BECAUSE IT MAKES INHERITANCE MORE OR LESS STRAIGHTFORWARD, AS THE TESTATOR CHOOSES HIS BENEFICIARIES. THEREFORE, A TESTATOR CAN LEAVE HIS PROPERTY, TO HIS DAUGHTER OR WIFE....THE RIGHT OF A TESTATOR, IS NOT ALWAYS ABSOLUTE, AND MAY BE SUBJECT TO CUSTOMARY OR ISLAMIC LAW”

example, their brother’s widow inheriting his property. While the solutions I proffered, was for a Testator to leave a will or make his bequests inter vivos, Tony Njoku, the Executive Secretary of the Human Rights Commission advised that, legislative support must be given to the judicial pronouncements outlawing discrimination against women, villagers should be enlightened against this negative practice, there must be a deliberate policy to empower women, and the bride price should maybe, be prohibited. The fact that in some places, the bride price which husbands are required to pay, is so prohibitive, women are actually seen as chattel to be inherited, as opposed to being able to inherit! The Keynote Speaker, the Dean of the Law Faculty of Nsukka University, Professor Joy Ezeilo, drew our attention to Section 3 of the Wills Act and Articles 19 and 21 of the African Charter on Human and People’s’ Rights (Banjul Charter), that is, the right to equality and the right to freely dispose of wealth and natural resources, respectively. Chief James Onoja, SAN and Professor Nnamdi Aduba, stressed on the importance of education and bringing up the male child properly. But, which should it be? Some still make a case for ancestral homes and family land remaining in the family, by only being bequeathed to male family members, and not females, who marry and essentially become members of another family. Is the Igbo practice of a woman not getting married, but getting pregnant out of wedlock and bringing the male child born of such an affair home as a child of her father, thereby making such a child qualified to inherit and continue the family name, a viable option? Dear Readers, what suggestions do you have, about how to jettison/obliterate this particular kind of discriminatory practice of excluding women from inheritance?

4/LAW REPORT

12.03.2019

Validity of Judgement Delivered by Panel Different from that which Heard the Appeal

Facts n 1996, the Federal Military Government of Nigeria created Ekiti State with Ilejemeje Local Government Area as one of the constituent Local Governments, further to the States Creation Transitional Provisions Decree No. 36 of 1999. The headquarters was at Eda-Oniyo, the town where the Appellant was the paramount Traditional Ruler. The 3rd Respondent and the staff of the Local Government moved to Eda-Oniyo, to set up the required administrative machinery. Three months thereafter, the Ekiti State Government announced that the headquarters had been relocated from Eda-Oniyo to Iye-Ekiti. Following this announcement, the 3rd Respondent moved the staff and machinery from Eda- Oniyo to Iye-Ekiti, and started operating from there. The Appellant protested by contacting the office of the Head of State, and was informed that the Federal Military Government had not ordered the relocation. The subsequent action of the Federal Military Government and all official correspondences with Ilejemeje Local Government, confirmed Eda-Oniyo as the headquarters. However, the complaint of the Appellant and his people to have the local Government returned to Eda-Oniyo, was not hearkened to by the Ekiti Government and its functionaries. Consequently, the Appellant commenced an action against the Respondents, seeking a declaration and an order, that the headquarters was still Eda-Oniyo of the Ilejemeje Local Government. The trial court granted reliefs 1, 2 and 3, of the four reliefs sought by the Appellant. The Respondents, being aggrieved by the decision of the trial court, appealed to the Court of Appeal. The panel who heard the appeal was made up of Muntaka- Coomassie, JCA (as he then was), Ikongbeh and Ogunwunmiju JJCA. The lead judgement was assigned to Ikongbeh, and on 6th March, 2006, a different panel of Muntaka-Coomassie, Ikongbeh and Tijani Abdullahi JJCA delivered the judgement. In the judgement, the lower court held that, the action had become statute barred as at the time it was instituted, and therefore, dismissed the suit. Noting that Tijani Abdullahi JCA contributed to the judgement in error, as he did not take part in the hearing of the appeal, the panel asked parties to address the court on whether the appeal should be heard de novo, or to be rolled back and delivered by the original panel. After the address of counsel, the lower court delivered its ruling on 31st May, 2006, in which it upheld the sanctity of its judgement of 6th March, 2006. The decision was the subject of the appeal to the Supreme Court, by the Appellant. Issues for Determination The issues adopted for determination of the appeal were: 1. Was the decision of the Court of Appeal delivered on 6th March, 2006 by a panel differently constituted from that which had heard the case, a valid judgement within the meaning of the provisions of Section 294(2) of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 (as amended)? 2. Was the Court of Appeal right, in holding that the Public Officers Protection Act was applicable to this case, and that the action of the Plaintiff/Appellant was statute barred? Arguments The Appellant submitted that, the judgement delivered by the Court of Appeal was wrongful, illegal, unconstitutional and as such, a nullity; he urged the court to set it aside. Also argued further that, the Public Officers Protection Act/Law applies to Public Officers only; thus, the Respondents not being Public Officers within the law, were not covered by the provision. For the 1st and 2nd Respondents, it was submitted that, even though the Court of Appeal complied with Section 226 of the 1979 Constitution, Section 252(2) was breached, because not all the Justices that heard the appeal expressed and delivered their opinion in writing as required by the Constitution. It was also argued that, they are Public Officers as defined under the 1979 and 1999 Constitutions. The 3rd Respondents urged the court, to legitimise the decision of the Court of Appeal which he adjudged to be well grounded in law. Counsel submitted further that, the Appellant did not appeal against the decision of the lower court holding that the Respondents are Public Officers. Court’s Judgement and Rationale Deciding the first issue on the validity of the judgement delivered by the Court of Appeal, the Supreme Court referred to the decision of UBWA v TIV AREA TRADITIONAL COUNCIL (2004) 11 NWLR (Pt.884) 427, which was on all fours with the current case, where same was heard by Akpabio, Umoren and Chkwuma-Eneh JJCA in 1999, but the judgement was delivered by Akpabio, Umoren and Mangaji (who did not take part in hearing the appeal, wrote and delivered a concurring judgement). In that case, the learned Justices considered Sections 247(1) and 294(2) and (4) of the 1999 Constitution, and thereafter, declared the judgement a nullity, and ordered the matter to be

Paul Adamu Galinje

In the Supreme Court of Nigeria Holden at Abuja On Friday, the 14th day of December, 2018 Before Their Lordships Olabode Rhodes-Vivour Mary Ukaego Peter-Odili Ejembi Eko Paul Adamu Galinje Sidi Dauda Bage Justices, Supreme Court SC194/2008 Between Oba J.A. Awolola, the Ededa of Eda-Oniyo Ekiti ... (for himself and the entire people of Eda-Oniyo) .... Appellant And 1. The Governor of Ekiti State 2. The Attorney-General, Ekiti State ............Respondents 3. The Chairman, Ilejemeje Local Government, Ekiti State (Lead Judgement delivered by Hon. Paul Adamu Galinje, JSC)

heard de novo. However, in the case of SHUAIBU v N.A.B LTD (1998) 5 NWLR (PT.551) 482, the appeal was argued before Ndoma-Egba, Mukhtar and Okezie JJCA and on 10th April, 1991, the same Justices sat but read the judgement of Ndoma-Egba, Adio and Okezie JJCA. It was observed that, the record revealed that Adio JCA who was not on the panel that heard the appeal, delivered a judgement of the court. Mukhtar JCA who was on the panel that heard the appeal, did not deliver any judgement. The learned Justices of the Supreme Court, in that case, held

“....THE PARTICIPATION OF TIJANI ABDULLAHI JCA AT THE STAGE OF THE JUDGEMENT, WAS A MERE IRREGULARITY WHICH COULD RESULT IN SETTING ASIDE THE JUDGEMENT, ONLY IF THERE WAS EVIDENCE OF MISCARRIAGE OF JUSTICE”

that the judgement of the Court of Appeal was not nullity. The Supreme Court highlighted the provisions of Section 258(1), (2) and (3) of the 1979 Constitution of the Federal republic of Nigeria, now Section 294(1), (2) and (3) which provides that every court is to deliver its judgement within 90 days, and that each Judge of the Supreme Court and the Court of Appeal shall deliver its opinion in writing, and a decision of a court consisting more than one Judge shall be determined by the opinion of its majority. In the instant case, the action was at the Court of Appeal, where there was no requirement for testimonies of witnesses. The court was correctly constituted regarding its members when the appeal was heard, and two out of the three Justices that heard the appeal, delivered their majority opinion as judgement of the court. From the judgement of the lower court, it was observed that Ikongbeh and Muntaka-Coomassie JJCA delivered the judgement in Appeal no. CA/IL/14/2002, while Tijani Abdullahi JCA delivered his contributory judgement in Appeal no. CA/IL/14/2005. This shows that the judgement of Tijani Abdullahi JCA, was not delivered in the same appeal as that which the judgement of Ikongbeh and Muntaka-Coomassie JJCA was delivered. In other words, Ogunwunmiju JCA was yet to deliver his judgement in the matter. Given the facts highlighted above, Their Lordships held that, the participation of Tijani Abdullahi JCA at the stage of the judgement, was a mere irregularity which could result in setting aside the judgement, only if there was evidence of miscarriage of justice. Courts are established for the purpose of deciding the rights of disputing parties, in order to terminate their disputes once and for all. Once a case has been rightly decided, the dispute should not be reopened by resort to legal technicalities. It follows that the judgement of the lower court, was not a nullity. On the second issue, the Supreme Court stated the general principle of law that, where a statute provides for the institution of an action within a prescribed period, proceedings shall not be brought after the time prescribed by such statute. Any action that is instituted after the stipulated period by the statute, is totally barred as the right of the Plaintiff or the injured person to commence the action, would have been extinguished by such law. IBRAHIM v J.S.C. (1998) 14 NWLR (Pt. 584) 32. Therefore, for the provisions of Section 2(a) of the Ekiti State Public Officers (Protection) Law to avail any person, two conditions must be satisfied conjunctively: (i) it must be established that the person against whom the action is commenced is a public officer within the meaning of the law; and (ii) the act done by the person is in pursuance or execution of any law. By the provisions of Part II of the 1979 and 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the Respondents are Public Officers within the provisions of the Constitution. On whether the act of relocating the Local Government from Eda-Oniyo to Iye-Ekiti was done in execution of the States Creation Transitional Provisions Decree No. 36 of 1996, the court noted that the headquarters of Ilejemeje was established by Statute, and its relocation could only be effected by another Statute promulgated by the same authority. There was no evidence that Decree No. 36 1996 had been repealed by a subsequent law that relocated the headquarters. As law breaking or insubordination to the letters and spirit of the law, is not a function delegated to Public Officers by law, it follows that the Public Officers (Protection) Law is meant to protect Public Officers who act in good faith, and does not apply to acts done in abuse of office with no semblance of legal justification. In the absence of the co-existence of the two conditions for making available the protection of Public Officers (Protection) Law of Ekiti State to the Respondents, the court found that the limitation period of three months within which such action can be challenged, is not applicable in the instant case. Conclusively, the court allowed the appeal in view of the second issue, and restored the decision of the trial Court. Appeal Allowed in Part. His Lordship, Peter-Odili, JSC opined differently on the validity of the judgement of the Court of Appeal. Relying on the decision in UBWA v YAWEH (2004) 9 MJSC 61; (2004) 11 NWLR (Pt. 884) 427, the Apex Court held, per KUTIGI, JSC (as he then was) that: “The entire proceedings before the Court of Appeal were a nullity, because all the members who heard the appeal and those who wrote the judgements were not all present throughout the hearing of the appeal, which includes delivery of judgement”. Representation: Mr. Oluwadamilare Awokoya Esq. with Abdul-Hamid Basali for the Appellant. Mr. Taiwo Kupolati Esq. with Taiwo Ajiboye for the 3rd Respondent. 1st and 2nd Respondents were served. Reported by Optimum Publishers Limited (Publishers of the Nigerian Monthly Law Reports (NMLR))

12.03.2019

NEWS/5

MOOT COURT COMPETITION Representtative of Total E & P Nigeria Staﬀ Multipurpose Co-operative Society presenting the N1 million cheque to the Chairman of NBA Ikorodu Branch, Mr. Bayo Akinlade

L-R: Omobola Makinde, Adeyinka Adegbola and Global Chairman, Tokunbo Orimobi, Michael Orimobi at the Tokunbo Orimobi Foundation’s Moot Court Competition to mark the Ruby anniversary of the law ﬁrm in Lagos…recently

Group Partners to Reduce Prison Congestion in Nigeria Oluchi Chibuzor The latest statistics released by the Ministry of Justice, has revealed that 80% of inmates enrolled between October to December 2018, do not have legal representation. In response to this, Total E & P Nigeria Staff Multipurpose Co-operative Society, has funded the Nigerian Bar Association, Ikorodu Branch Court Centered Prison Decongestion Initiative, aimed at stationing volunteer Lawyers in each Magistrate Court in Ikorodu every Thursday, when awaiting trial inmates are being produced in Court from the Prisons. At a recent presentation of One Million Naira grant to NBA Ikorodu Branch by Total E & P Co-operative, held in Lagos, the Chief Judge of Lagos State, Hon. Justice Opeyemi Oke, noted that, it is important to curb the incidence that has led to the congestion of the

prisons, and called on NBA, other organisations and individuals, to join in the efforts to decongest the prisons. The Chief Judge, who was represented by the head Judge, Ikorodu High Court, Justice Lawal-Akapo, expressed gratitude to Total E & P Co-operative, for the grant given to the Ikorodu Branch to carry on the initiative. Meanwhile, the President of Total E & P Nigeria Staff Multipurpose Co-operative Society, Mr. Olawale Olasoji, reaffirmed the commitment of the Society in supporting initiatives aimed at righting the wrongs of social injustice. “In view of the funding by Total E & P Cooperative, It is expected that over 150 inmates would receive free legal representation from the Branch. This initiative will

also be undertaken by the Young Legal Practitioners (YLP), in collaboration with Fight Against Corruption in the Judiciary (FIACIJ), and support from Falana & Falana Chambers”, he said. The idea which was developed by the Chairman of the Branch, Mr. Bayo Akinlade, noted that, on arriving in court, the volunteer Lawyers would announce their appearance on behalf of inmates who do not have legal representation, and from that moment, volunteer for the cases on behalf of the inmates till conclusion. He further explained that, in advancing the initiative, they sought the support and partnership of the Chief Judge of Lagos State, to get the buy-in from the Magistrates, as well as the Ministry of Justice, through the office of the Public Defender. Akinlade said, "latest

statistics from the Ministry of Justice reveals that eighty percent of inmates enrolled between October to December 2018 do not have legal representation, according to the Lagos Criminal Information System”. “In changing the narrative, we approached the Legal Aid Council and Open Society Justice Initiative, to partner in the area of providing volunteers for the Police Duty Solicitors Scheme (PDSS). With the funds received from the IOC, this laudable project will give succor to some inmates. “Both the Legal Aid and the PDSS Volunteers now work in synergy, to reduce the incidence of congestion in our Prisons and Courts. The benefit of volunteer Lawyers taking up these cases, leads to decongestion of criminal cases pending in Magistrate courts,”

‘Your Money is Intact in Banks’, Gov. Bello tells Striking Judiciary Workers Yekini Jimoh in Lokoja The Kogi State Governor, Alhaji Yahaya Bello, recently declared that monies amounting to several months salary due to Kogi State Civil Servants working in the Judiciary, is intact and are sitting in the banks. The Governor who made this declaration in a State wide broadcast said "My preoccupation is, how to get that money to innocent staffers without breaching applicable service rules or our Collective Agreement with Labour. I trust the Almighty God, that reason will prevail sooner than later. Speaking on the lawsuit filed against him by the Judicial Staff Union of Nigeria, (JUSUN), over alleged non-payment of their salaries, the Governor however, said that, he was not surprised by the timing of the case, considering the season the State is in, and the politicisation of institutions all over the place. The Governor noted that, the refusal of the leadership

of the Kogi State Judiciary to forward their staff payroll for the pay parade, with the collusion of JUSUN leaders, was well documented. "I have pleaded unsuccessfully with them for months now, to do the needful and spare their innocent members this trauma. "The Kogi State House of Assembly, has also tried to intervene, only to be stopped by an injunction from the Judiciary, curiously obtained while courts claimed to be on strike. "I have petitioned the Chief Justice of Nigeria to intervene since November last year, but, we are yet to receive any feedback. "We are therefore, happy, that the Chief Judge of the Kogi State, was also joined to the suit by JUSUN. "We look forward to being educated, on how a pay parade across all branches and cadres of our Civil Service, is prejudicial to the independence of the Judicial Arm, but not the Legislative.”

Appeal Court Sacks Cyprian Igweh as Sole Administrator of late Chief Joseph Igweh’s Estate Akinwale Akintunde The Court of Appeal sitting in Abuja, has set aside the consent judgement that made Mr. Cyprian Okechukwu Igweh, the sole Administrator of the Estate of late Chief Joseph Uchechukwu Igweh. The Appeal Court judgement, came two months after a Federal High Court sitting in Abuja had sacked him (Cyprian) as Chairman, Managing Director, Bolingo Hotels and Towers Ltd. Justice Binta Nyako had in Suit No. FHC/ABJ/ CS/237/2006, delivered a consent judgement on October 11, 2006, in favour of Cyprian Igweh. Also, Justice Babatunde Quadri of the Federal High Court, Abuja, had last year December, granted an order of injunction restraining Cyprian Okechukwu Igweh, from parading himself as the Chairman/

Managing Director or Chief Executive Officer of Bolingo Hotels and Towers Limited, Abuja. Justice Quadri, declared that, by virtue of the notice dated June 15, 2009 by the Board of Directors of the Bolingo Hotels and Towers Limited and the ordinary resolution dated July 6, 2007, to the effect that Cyprian Okechukwu Igweh, should vacate his office as Director and Chairman/ Managing Director of the Bolingo Hotels and Towers, Cyprian Okechukwu Igweh, has been removed as the Chairman, Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of the Bolingo Hotels & Towers Ltd. The court also ordered by a mandatory injunction, that Cyprian Okechukwu Igweh, render an account and disclose the financial standing

of the Bolingo Hotels and Towers, Abuja, which he had unilaterally managed, to the counter-Claimants from October 16, 2006 till date of judgement (December 14, 2018), within 14 days from the date of the judgement. Trouble began when the late Chief Joseph Uchechukwu Igweh, died on October 22, 2005 in the Bellview plane crash at Lisa village, Ogun State. At that time, two of his children, Chijioke Igweh and Chizoba Igweh, were shareholders in the company. There was internal wrangling over who takes control of the company based on the perception that the widow, Dr. Mrs. Becky Igweh, was making moves to have exclusive control of Bolingo Hotels and Towers Limited. Thereafter, Dr. Mrs. Becky Igweh, filed a suit No.: FHC/

ABJ/CS/237/2006 at the Federal High Court, Abuja, wherein she sued three of the children and Corporate Affairs Commission, but, Cyprian Okechukwu Igweh, championed the course of his younger siblings, and advised them to all go back to United Kingdom, while he defended the suit filed by Dr. Becky Igweh. However, both parties (Cyprian and Becky) reached an agreement, and the terms of settlement was only signed by Cyprian Okechukwu Igweh. The terms of settlement was made the consent judgement of the court, on October 11, 2006. Prior to the settlement move, Cyprian Okechukwu Igweh unilaterally changed the Lawyer appointed to represent his interest and that of his siblings who are Defendants in the matter,

and unilaterally appointed Igweh turned around to say Suleiman Usman, SAN, who that the estate belongs to is now the Attorney-General him, and declared himself Managing and Commissioner for Justice, Chairman, Director, Bolingo Hotels Sokoto State. Part of the terms of and Towers Limited. However, Joseph Igweh settlement was that Dr.Becky Igweh would relinquish her and Chuma Igweh, filed an shares in Bolingo Hotels and appeal in July 2017, against Towers, and be paid 10% of the consent judgement of the the hotel's value; set aside Federal High Court, Abuja, the Will of their late father, asking the appellate court to while Cyprian Okechukwu determine whether the lower Igweh will be head of the court was wrong, when it family and solely handle the entered the terms of settleAdministration of the Estate; ment dated September 27, Dr. Becky was to hand over all 2006 and filed on September title documents of the estate 28, 2006 when it was not to him, and she will in turn signed by all the parties to be paid N250,000.00 every the suit, and no fact was month as upkeep; Cyprian placed before the court to Okechukwu Igweh would be show that they consented transparent, in handling the to the terms of settlement. The Appellants also asked affairs of the estate. Upon assuming those the court, to determine that responsibilities and being having regard to the provigranted Letters of Administration, Cyprian Okechukwu CONTINUED ON PAGE 6

12.03.2019

Young Lawyer Appointed IBA National Representative for Nigeria Jude Igbanoi On March 5, 2019, Abdullateef Olasubomi Abdul, a young Nigerian Lawyer, was appointed as the National Representative for Nigeria, by the International Bar Association (IBA). This follows his recent appointment as Chair of the Regional Development Subcommittee of the IBA’s International Sales Committee, for a two year term from 1 January, 2019 to 31 December, 2020. The position of a National Representative,

is established by the IBA Young Lawyers' Committee (YLC), in order to promote the interests of young IBA members within the jurisdiction of each National Representative. As the National Representative for Nigeria, Abdullateef’s role includes fostering links between the IBA, young Nigerian Lawyers, and the Nigerian Bar Association. As the Chair of the Regional Development Subcommittee, his functions include keeping the International Sales Committee apprised of developments in the Subcommittee’s area,

recruiting IBA members to assist in the Subcommittee’s works, and assisting with any relevant sessions of the International Sales Committee. “I hope to employ these roles to deepen my contributions to the legal profession, and to young and aspiring Lawyers in Nigeria and globally”, Abdullateef said. “I also hope to add depth to the Nigerian narrative.” Abdullateef is an Associate in Ikeyi Shittu & Co, a full service Nigerian law firm. He

APPEAL COURT SACKS CYPRIAN IGWEH AS SOLE ADMINISTRATOR

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 5

sion of Section 251(1) of the Constitution as amended, whether the lower court was wrong to have entered the terms of settlement which, inter alia, nullifies the last Will and testament of late Chief Joseph Uchechukwu Igweh, and also appointed the first Respondent as the sole administrator, as judgement of the court. Sued as Respondents in the appeal No. CA/A/685/2017 are: Cyprian Igweh, Corporate Affairs Commission, Bolingo Hotels and Towers Ltd and Mrs. Becky Igweh. Delivering judgement in the appeal, the three-man panel led by Justice Adamu Jauro while setting aside the lower court consent judgement, held that, "There is no evidence

court wrongly assumed jurisdiction to grant reliefs 1 and 6 to 15, on the basis of terms of settlement as agreed upon by the parties. This is because the agreement or consent of the parties to submit those terms to it for adoption as its judgement, could not confer it jurisdiction to adjudicate on matters and grant reliefs outside its subject-matter jurisdiction”. "It is settled by an unending line of judicial decisions, that a court cannot exercise jurisdiction it does not have, and the parties to an action before a court, cannot by their agreement or consent, enable a court to exercise jurisdiction that it does not have", the court held.

in the record of this appeal showing that the 2nd Defendant (Cyprian), communicated the terms of settlement to the 1st, 3rd and 4th Defendants in UK by phone or email, and that they expressly consented to them. "There is no evidence in the record of this appeal, that shows that 2nd Defendant, upon taking over the management of the 3rd Respondent in pursuance of the said terms of settlement, appointed the 1st, 3rd and 4th Defendants directors with executive portfolios, and that therefore, the 1st, 3rd and 4th Defendants had benefitted from the terms of settlement. According to the Appellate Court, "The trial

Abdullateef Olasubomi Abdul

is also an Associate Fellow of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies (SALS), London. A multi award-winning Lawyer and Writer, he was recently named as the 3rd most influential young Nigerian in Law & Governance, and the 21st most influential young Nigerian overall, for the year 2018. He noted that, excellence is his driving force. “Excellence is a very important value to me. It is at the heart of my being. In all that I do, I desire to be excellent. To apply the entire might of my being to the task at hand, and to do it well”.

Legal Personality of the Week Ibrahim Hassan

‘Law Practice Requires Emotional Intelligence’ keep confidential, information that may be disclosed in the course of these commercial discussions. In my review, I had included additional mutual confidentiality obligations and undertakings on the parties. Apparently, these additional provisions did not go down well with the client – for certain reasons, which I later understood to be valid and genuine. Rather than just give an instruction to take out the “offending” provisions, the client requested for a conference call – and that was it, I got the “bashing” of my life. I suspect the client was also having a bad day. We did a bit of damage control and fixed the situation.

Please, give a brief introduction of yourself My name is Ibrahim Hassan. I currently work in the Corporate, Securities, and Finance practice group of Banwo & Ighodalo, a full-service law firm in Nigeria., with Banking and Finance as my core practice area. Prior to joining Banwo & Ighodalo, I had stint in litigation practice at the law firm of Wale Omotosho & Co., Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria, where I undertook my NYSC programme. At Banwo & Ighodalo, I am a member of the team that advises domestic and international financial institutions and borrowers, on various banking and loan syndications, and corporate and project finance transactions. I am quite enthusiastic about law and politics; and passionate about my religion (Islam). Have you had any challenges in your career as a Lawyer, and if so, what were the main challenges? Absolutely, and the major one, was in setting a career path as a finance attorney. Although, I had had internship experiences with commercial law firms, my first shot at legal practice was in litigation. Also, the course curriculum at the faculties of law in Nigerian universities and the Nigerian law school, tilts towards more of litigation – oriented courses. With the knowledge garnered from my university and law school education, coupled with my stint in litigation practice, litigation was gradually becoming my “comfort zone”. However, for some reasons, including the way the way the Nigerian court system works – I hear it is a bit better now - I decided not to continue with litigation practice. So, when I applied to Banwo & Ighodalo, I had requested to join any practice area, other than the litigation practice; and this was how fate brought me to Banking & Finance. This (Banking & Finance), was a very unfamiliar terrain for me. I had to do a lot of reading and “learning-on-the-job”, as well as manage the typical work pressure of a city law firm. Day-in-and-out, I was experiencing brain

Ibrahim Hassan

freezes, and had to deal with understanding different financial and related terminologies. At some point, I felt leaving litigation was a bad idea; and indeed, I once mooted being moved to the litigation practice group, with the Managing Partner of my firm. I gave myself a timeline, at the end of which I was going to formally request to be moved to the litigation practice. However, I never stopped reading, as in the meantime, while I made up my mind, I needed to get work done. Then, the more I read and garnered experience, the better I got; and before I knew it, I was loving finance. I must give credit to my team leader, Seyi Bella, whose tutelage I continue to benefit from, in this area of law. What was your worst day as a Lawyer? During my very early days in commercial practice, I had been assigned a task to review a non-disclosure agreement for a client. I mean, it was a basic agreement, to herald discussions between our client and another party, in relation to a potential transaction – essentially to ensure that parties

What was your most memorable experience as a Lawyer? We were advising a Nigerian company, in relation to a loan restructuring and corporate insolvency transaction; and we had had intense weeks of meetings and negotiations with the syndicate of lenders. Negotiations fell through; and late on a Friday evening, we received notices from the lenders; they had wielded the big stick – they were enforcing their security and taking over the company. Not that this was not envisaged, but we never expected it to be that abrupt. An emergency meeting of the board of the company was called for the next day, and we were required to make a presentation to the board on next steps and approach, to dealing with the situation. All hands were on deck – we were awake all night to deliver legal opinions and presentation to the board meeting. The pressure was intense. It was during Ramadan fast – I broke my fast in the office, and started a new one (for the next day). I had coffee as sahur (the meal Muslims eat in the early hours of the morning during Ramadan fasts). We finished the work, in the morning of the next day. The important point here is that as humans, we have immense capacity and once there is passion, we are able to deliver. That evening, I was really weak from the day’s fast, and was looking forward to a restful evening and weekend – so was everyone, but we still

delivered. They say nature will always take its course – so that board meeting, I overslept and missed it. Of course, actions come with consequences, the consequences of missing the board meeting is a story for another day. Who has been most inﬂuential in your life? There are different facets and phases of life, all which contribute to make the whole of one’s life. My parents have played a key role, in who I am today, having set the social and cultural milieu which formed the basis of my belief system and idiosyncrasies. My wife, Fatimah Kassim-Hassan, has been a source of great inspiration and support. I have benefitted immensely from the tutelage of my team leader/ partner, Seyi Bella; she’s one of the best Lawyers around. Why did you become a Lawyer? As a young student, I never had flare for the sciences. So upon completion of my junior secondary school education, I decided to join the Art class; and when I was to choose a course of study at the university, I chose law. I chose to study law, because of a social stereotype in the society I grew up that the best you can become, being in the Arts, is a Lawyer. What would be your advice to anyone wanting a career in law? Pursuing a career in law, is quite a daunting challenge, assuming you want to be the very best it. So make sure you are passionate about it; be ready for hard work and diligence; and develop emotional intelligence. If you had not become a Lawyer, what other career would you have chosen? Perhaps, Journalism. Where do you see yourself in ten years? I hope to have become a leading finance Lawyer in Nigeria – not just advising on conventional and Islamic finance transactions.

12.03.2019

TALKING CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY DR. MIKE OZEKHOME, SAN

SMS only to 08098898888

Can the President deploy the Military during Elections?

y earlier view on this issue of deployment of soldiers, was that the President can lawfully deploy the military to aid our weak Police, to maintain security in a volatile region, whether before, during, or after elections. This was however, not a clarion call for the military to usurp the policing powers of the Police under Sections 214 and 215 of the 1999 Constitution. Their role, I had argued, about 4 years ago, was merely complimentary, not usurpatory, to help nip in the bud, violent cases of insurrection, insurgency, restore law and order, defend Nigeria’s territorial integrity and secure Nigeria’s borders from violation, whether by land, air or sea. These tasks, I had argued, cannot ordinarily be performed by our ill- equipped Police. This was also not a licence for the military to appear on the streets to hunt down unarmed protesters, I had theorised. My argument then, was that the military be allowed to patrol the streets with Police during elections, and even help to escort election materials, especially in volatile areas, because they cannot, with a snap of the finger, be invited from the barracks, when serious civil unrest of the usually desperate politicians that outweighs Police powers, finally breaks out during an election. Even then, I had argued that this does not empower the military to be present or found near or around polling booths or polling units (as we saw, most unfortunately, during the last presidential elections). That is not their function, I argued. Such close monitoring of elections and voting, are the exclusive preserve of members of the Nigeria Police Force and Civil Defence, not military, I had preached. Any military presence at such voting precincts will rather scare away voters, rather than give them a feeling of security and safety. These were my views, some four years ago. I had viewed the Armed Forces, especially the Army, as a national institution that was incapable of taking sides with any political party, or being used against the people. Changing Times Alas, so much water has since passed under the bridge, with the partisanship clearly displayed by the military in the last election, that I am now forced to reconsider my earlier views and resile from them. I hereby, do so. The actions of the present military, have not been above board. The massacre of the Shiites in their hundreds, repression and suppression of unarmed IPOB members, proclamation of “Operation Python Dance I”, “Operation Python Dance II”, “Operation Crocodile Smile II”, “Operation Tsera Teku”, “Operation Awatse”, “Operation Mesa”, “Operation Sharon Daji/Harbin Kunama II”, “Operation Safe Haven”, “Operation Ruwan Wuta II’, etc, have combined to reshape my thinking and change my mind. Many of these “operations”, have been used to decimate the cherished fundamental rights of innocent and

“I HEREBY, PUBLICLY APOLOGISE, IF MY EARLIER VIEW HAD UNWITTINGLY HELPED TO SHAPE GOVERNMENT’S SKEWED PERCEPTION, BELIEF AND ACTION, IN THE WANTON DEPLOYMENT OF THE ARMY DURING THE LAST ELECTIONS, TO TERRORISE AN ALREADY PROSTRATE AND BELEAGUERED CITIZENRY”

President Muhammadu Buhari

unarmed citizens, rather than checkmate the ills and evils they were primarily designed for. Soldiers have been caught on video in Obior, Eleme, Opobo, Nkoro, Ogba/ Egbema, Asari-Toru, Akuku-Toru, Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni LGAs of Rivers State doing the unthinkable. Others were caught pants down in Oyo, Akwa Ibom, Edo, Delta, Bayelsa, Imo, Abia, Kaduna, Taraba, Zamfara, Sokoto, Benue, and Plateau states, doing highly unprofessional things during the election. They were corking guns, shooting sporadically, harassing, intimidating, beating, roughhandling, and actually aiding thugs of a preferred political party, to snatch and cart away ballot boxes and ballot papers. In many instances, they were seen, on viral videos, preventing voters of some political parties from accessing the voting and collation centres, while simultaneously allowing those of a preferred political party to access the same centres. This is simply, not acceptable. It is barbaric, to say the least. Never before in the history of Nigeria, have we beholden the Army so glaringly partisan, so politically and physically involved in the electoral process, even more than the Police could ever have dreamt of or contemplated. How can any sane person, with these unprecedented and ugly scenarios, still hold on to his earlier view (as my previous view), which had canvassed that an apolitical military (especially the Army), be deployed to the streets before, during and after elections, for purposes of protecting the very citizens they are now oppressing, repressing and subjugating? I cannot, in order to court consistency and objectivity, be a chained slave to such anarchy, impunity, audacity and derailment from basic principles of military duties and professionalism by the military. I therefore, now hereby, abandon my earlier stance on issues of deployment of the military. I hereby, publicly apologise, if my earlier view had unwittingly helped to shape government’s skewed perception, belief and action, in the wanton deployment of the Army during the last elections, to terrorise an already prostrate and beleaguered citizenry. President Buhari’s Shoot-at-Sight Order It is also crystal clear to me that, President Muhammadu Buhari’s order that the military should shoot any ballot snatcher, was clearly wrong, illegal, unlawful and unconstitutional. No doubt, ballot box snatching is an electoral offence. That is why Section 129 (4) of the Electoral Act, 2010 (as amended), provides that “any person who snatches or destroys any election material shall be liable on conviction to 24 months imprisonment”. For any violator of this Section, 24 months awaits him in the cold embrace of the prisons. Section 130 goes

further to criminalise all acts of threats, force, violence, restraint, injury, damage, loss, harm, abduction, duress, inducement on the part of any person, or the prevention of any person from voting, or preventing candidates from free use of the media, designated vehicles, mobilisation of support and campaign at elections. A person who commits any of the above acts, is liable to imprisonment for 3 years, or to a fine of N1 million, upon conviction. This law is too clear, to admit of any ambiguity. It does not impose the death sentence, since such pronouncement as the President made, could easily be misused. It was indeed, misused during the last elections, which many observers (especially the local ones, who were not compromised or intimidated), have adjudged to be the worst and most violent elections ever held in Nigeria, having recorded unprecedented numerous deaths. In warning politicians, Buhari had declared before the presidential elections, “so I am going to warn anybody who thinks he has enough inﬂuence in his locality, to lead a body of thugs to snatch boxes or to disturb the voting system, he will do so at the expense of his own life”. I had condemned this statement then, for being unpresidential, inflammatory and incendiary. The way and manner some trigger-happy soldiers were caught on video killing innocent voters and invading people’s private homes, especially in places like Lagos, Rivers and Bayelsa States, have since validated my earlier fears that, soldiers should not have been given such orders to shoot-at-sight, any alleged ballot snatchers. Surely Ms. Ibisiki Amachree, an adhoc INEC electoral officer, who was killed by an alleged stray bullet, couldn’t have been a ballot box snatcher. The cold-blooded murder had forced INEC Chairman, Prof Mahmood Yakubu, during his briefing after the presidential election, to declare: “This is not the right time, to assess institutions and security agencies. We will review the situations after elections, and see how to improve on our security architecture”. Had Mr President withdrawn his order, Nigerians would have been saved the needless deaths we witnessed. Indeed, INEC had attempted vainly to douse the conflagratory impact of PMB’s speech before the elections, but it came to naught, too little and too late. INEC, through its Chairman, Prof. Yakubu, had stringently disagreed with Buhari. He had said: “The position of the Commission, is that all violations of the Electoral Act should be punished accordingly to the provisions of the Electoral Act, which states that persons who snatch election materials are liable to a prison term of two years or maximum ﬁne of N500,000”. What exactly are the President’s Powers? Deployment of the military in some insurgent-prone areas to fight insurgency or war, is certainly not the equivalent of the President’s powers of deployment of the military in aid of civil authorities. That is specifically covered by Section 217(2)(c), and the concurrence of the Senate is constitutionally required. The section provides as follows: “(c) suppressing insurrection and acting in aid of civil authorities to restore order when called upon to do so by the President, but subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by an Act of the National Assembly”; In the United States of America, the war powers resolution, requires the President to notify Congress within 48 hours of committing the armed forces to military action. Article 1, Section 8, Clause II of the U.S Constitution, grants Congress the power to declare war. The President, on the other hand, derives his power to direct the military after a congressional declaration of war from Article II, Section 2, which names the President as the Commander-In-Chief of the Armed Forces. (To be concluded next week) THOUGHT FOR THE WEEK. "Illegality will never solve the problem of political lawlessness. Problem Political Never". (Emanuel Celler).

10/COVER

12.03.2019

SECRET CULT GANGS: THE DISTURBING RISE OF FEMALE MEMBERS IN DELTA

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 9

for the attacked to seek protection from outside themselves that leads to having, and forming a group, or joining one that protects the attacked and their interests. Often, students who are lured into such secret gang-cults, are innocent and ignorant of the activities of the gang they joined, until it is too late. And when they do, getting out becomes a life threatening move. This fear, often paralyses students from leaving or denouncing their membership, and after a while, it becomes a habit to carry out the orders of the group, sinking them further, almost to the point of no return. Police Response Interview with the PPRO of Delta State Command, Andrew Aniamaka, explained that in response to the rise of secret-gang-cult related activities in the State, the State Anti-Cult Unit (SACU) was created in July 2016, to eradicate secret-cult-gangs and cult related offences. About six months ago, a volunteer arm, the Civilian Anti-Cult Corps (CACC), who are rigorously screened and vetted by the Police State Command across all local government areas within the State, was created to support the activities of SACU. The unit serves as additional manpower, to achieve SACUâ€™s objective to identify members, their hideouts and activities, with the goal of eradicating secret-gang-cults in Delta State. It is no mean feat, as there are, in Asaba alone, over 170 private schools, and over 500 public schools, in Delta. Many of the public schools have a population of no less than 800 students, with some schools having as much as 2,000 or over 3,000 students. Some of the school authorities interviewed for this report, expressed concern about the ratio of police support per school, to tackle the menace of secret-gang-cults in schools. According to SACU, it has only one vehicle dedicated for this purpose for the entire State, which at the time of this report had been grounded and required N300,000 to be put in a state of repair. Perhaps, at this juncture it is pertinent to ask: how committed is government in tackling head-on the menace of secret- gang-cults in Delta State? SACU thus, relies heavily on CACC across all L.G.As, to do the leg work and refer to SACU, once suspects are apprehended for proper prosecution. A number of school authorities, say they are at the mercy of police in getting prompt response, unless they are able to pay from their pockets to fuel police vehicles with a bit of tip thrown in, paying the sum of N2,000 to N5,000, as the case may be. For schools that cannot dip into their pockets on a regular basis to fight gang-related clashes, they live each day praying that each school-day goes without incident. Another option exploited by some schools, is enlisting the communities in which their schools are located, to provide daily security in lieu of preventing the schools from being closed down, as a result of gang clashes and related activities. With these local vigilante groups, they are able to scour through bush areas, hideouts or abandoned buildings, that are often used by secret-gang-cults as their meeting point. The chart shows the number of suspects arrested, prosecuted and the vicinity where gang-cult related crimes were committed. Warri has the highest number of suspects arrested (316) and number of prosecuted (300), since 2016 to date, followed by Kwale with 250 arrested and 222 prosecuted. Asaba with 107 arrested suspects and 77 convictions, tops at number three. In total, 24 towns and cities in Delta State, are fast becoming a breeding ground for secret-cult gangsterism. Since 2016 to date, a total of 1,598 have been arrested and 1,337 prosecuted. Of this number, 62 were girls arrested for related offences, and 49 of these were prosecuted. The officer in charge of the State Anti-Cult Unit, spelt out a list of identifiers in spotting out members of various secret cults:

"O *OTQFDUPS BU 4"$6 T IFBE PGĂ DF JO *TTFMF "[BHCB TUBUFE UIBU there are tens of cult groups in Delta with new names springing up. He gave a list of 21 confirmed secret-gang-cults for male groups in the State: r #VSLJOB 'BTP r 5XP 5XP CMBDL CFSFU

r "ZFT r &JZF r .BSQIJUFT r #VDDBOFFST r 8IJUF GPXMT r +BNNB r +VOJPS 7JLJOHT r 'VUVSF 5SJHHFS #PZT r 5SJHHFS CPZT r 4VQSFNF 7JLJOHT $POGSBUFSOJUZ BLB "SP #BHHFS r 7JQFST r 4QBSSPX r +VSJFT r $BHF #JSET

r %SFBE %SFBE r +FXSJFT r %PNJOJPO r 4QBZF r ,,, BOE NBOZ PUIFST The female-arm of such gangs includes: r #MBDL #SB r %BVHIUFST PG +F[FCFM r 1JOL -BEZ r "NB[POT r 8IJUF "OHFMT A number of barriers, according to the Inspector, stalls the process of prosecuting arrested suspects. He mentioned that, Lawyers through loopholes in the law, frustrate efforts of Police in seeking convictions in court, so sentencing in Delta State, is very low. The rules in Delta State Laws, are not strong enough, he says. For example, a confessed secret-cult suspect, cannot be convicted based on his confession. Simply confessing to the act cannot send the suspect to prison, except where violence is involved and he was caught in the act. The jail time for this, is three years, unlike in Lagos where death penalty is the sentence for such crimes, to serve as a stronger deterrent. In dealing with the Judiciary, SACUâ€™s efforts are often truncated, he says, especially in cases where arrested offenders have political backers. When charged to court, politicians pass through the Judiciary, to truncate justice and free suspects. According to him, one of the Delta State rules, requires that SACU must first seek consent from the Attorney-General of the Stateâ€™s office, before an offender will be tried, and often, the Ministry of Justice doesnâ€™t listen, and the court eventually strikes the case out. At the time of this report, nine young men, ages 17-19 years, were held in DVTUPEZ BU 4"$6 T PGĂ DF JO *TTFMF "[BHCB BMPOHTJEF B NBUVSFE man of 35 years, a father of one, who was caught during a raid in the midst of secret cult drug users â€“ he too, a drug dependent user of four years. The nine teenagers were arrested, based on their secret-cult activities. Some were from broken homes, or wards living with guardians, while the others live in homes where both parents are still together. Another challenge faced by SACU, is lack of remand homes or rehabilitation centres. In Delta State, there is only one remand home, the Sapele Juvenile Remand Home, based in Sapele. This is where all prosecuted cases of underage secret-cult members below 18 years, are taken to. Those above 18, are referred to: Ogwashi-uku Prison, Agbor Prison or Okere Prison, while the girls are taken to the Women Prison in Agbor. According to the Inspector, there are about four to five girls currently held in the women prison, for secret-gang-cult related offences. The Police is on a strong drive to eradicate cult-gangsterism in Delta, and through the State Anti-Cult Unit (SACU), it is carrying renunciation programmes for repentant secret-cult members. Their primary target are members of the group who were initiated by force or intimidation, and are no longer interested in being members and want to renounce. The steps require anyone willing to renounce, to approach any Magistrate Court in the State, to obtain an Affidavit of Cult renunciation, and thereafter, proceed UP 4"$6 T PGĂ DF BU *TTFMF "[BHCB GPS B 3FOVODJBUJPO $FSUJĂ DBUF However, after signing the certificate, if such a person is caught still engaged in secret-gang-cult activities, the certificate will not protect them. It would be considered perjury after signing the oath of renunciation, only to return to the group. Principals of schools, students, guardians, and parents, are encouraged to seek such support from SACU, to help fight and eradicate secret-gang-cults and its attendance menace to the society. Delta State Anti-Cult Unit Statistics: 2016 to 19/10/2018 There are two enabling laws in which suspected members of secret gang- cults can be tried in the State, depending on the degree of their involvement and circumstances of the case: Section 64 of the Criminal Code and the Delta State Proscription and Prohibition of Youth Association Law Cap P16 of 2006, where, upon conviction, a suspect is sentenced to imprisonment for 14 years without an option of fine. Solution : It takes a Village Approach Role of Parents and Guardians Parents and guardians have a crucial role, in preventing and stopping the recruitment of their children and wards by being active, attentive and watchful carers. Often, there are signs to look out for, when a child is about to be recruited, has joined, or would make a recruit that attracts gang coordinators. Wearing certain colours of handkerchiefs, bangles, buttons on school shirt or trousers, belts; smell of drugs on uniforms; tendencies to hide or hide things; use of phone to watch pornography; telling lies,

stealing, stubbornness, disobedience, indiscipline, not studious, addiction to substance abuse, acts of bullying, anger issues, and other anti-social behaviours, are often good pointers to watch out for. Parents must be decisive in nipping such acts, habits or behaviour, in the bud. Parents must work on, and up their parenting skills. Inability to discipline an erring child or control a child, not with threat, intimidation or inflicting injury, but with tough love, will prevent the child from thinking they can do bad, and there will be no consequences for bad behaviour. Children must learn that, there are consequences for bad behaviour and anti-social tendencies. When a child tells his or her parents they donâ€™t need pocket money, but are found using phones, watches, clothes, or any other items they as parents didnâ€™t buy for them, fathers and mothers must worry and ask questions. If it means returning said gifts, confiscating or burning them, parents must do so, to drive home a point: all gifts given must get their approval before they are accepted or used; if a child is not working, thereâ€™s no way he or she can have money, or buy himself or herself things. It raises the question of lies and stealing, and this must be investigated thoroughly. Root Causes and Triggers: Spotting them on time Some of the following are triggers or vulnerability pointers, that are at the root of children falling prey to secret-cult-gangs: r &NPUJPOBM TJDLOFTT r $IJMESFO GSPN CSPLFO IPNFT NBZ Ă OE TPMBDF JO CFJOH NFNCFST of secret cults if not given proper upbringing r 1FSNJTTJWFOFTT JO IPNF BOE UIF TPDJFUZ r $IJME BCVTF QIZTJDBM BTTBVMU FNPUJPOBM BCVTF OFHMFDU PS abandonment by parents r 1FFS HSPVQ JOĂĄVFODF r 2VFTU GPS QPXFS BOE SFWFOHF r 1PQVMBSJUZ BOE XFBMUI r 'BMTF QSPNJTFT UP JHOPSBOU BOE JOOPDFOU TUVEFOUT r 4DIPPM FOWJSPONFOU XIFSF UFBDIFST BSF SFDSVJUFST IFODF MVSF gullible children r -BDL PG QSPQFS DPVOTFMMJOH CPUI BU IPNF BOE JO TDIPPM r #BE SFMJHJPVT UFBDIJOH GPDVTFE PO XFBMUI BOE NBUFSJBM acquisition, no matter the means r -PX DSJUJDBM UIJOLJOH TLJMMT PG TUVEFOU BT B SFTVMU PG TVC PS poor standards of education r $IJMESFO MJWJOH JO B IPNF XIFSF CFJOH QBSU PG TFDSFU DVMUT is the norm r *OBEFRVBUF XFMGBSF QSPHSBNNF GPS DIJMESFO r 6ODPOEVDJWF MFBSOJOH FOWJSPONFOU r %JTDSJNJOBUJPO CVMMZJOH BOE JOUJNJEBUJPO JODSFBTFT GFBS BOE insecurity among students r 4FYVBM IBSBTTNFOU SBQF r $VSJPVTJUZ BCPVU TFY r /PU JODVMDBUJOH IJHI NPSBM WBMVFT BOE EJTDJQMJOF r (PWFSONFOU MVLFXBSN BUUJUVEF GPS FOBDUJOH TUSJDU MBXT UP tackle secret-cult gangsterism Advocacy and Campaigns Against the Effects and Dangers of Anti-Social Behaviour and Activities Continuous and rigorous public campaigns against cultism within and outside schools, such as workshops, talks, dramatisations, and seminars should be carried out by NGOs, government, schools, religious centres, individuals, parents, and students. In addition: r #FUUFS BQQSPBDI UP UFBDIJOH DJWJD FEVDBUJPO BOE SFMJHJPVT studies is crucial r 4DIPPM BVUIPSJUJFT TIPVME CF Ă SN BOE FYQFM PGGFOEFST 5IFSF should be no sacred cows r /BNFT PG FYQFMMFE PS BGGFDUFE TUVEFOUT TIPVME CF QVCMJTIFE in at least two newspapers r .FEJB NVTU DPOTDJPVTMZ QSPKFDU QSPHSBNNFT UIBU TFOTJUJTF youths on the dangers of secret-cult-gangs r $POUSPM PG QFFS HSPVQ JOĂĄVFODF JO TDIPPMT r $POUSPM PG DPOTVNQUJPO PG JMMJDJU ESVHT CZ UIF ZPVUIT 5SBNBEPM Codeine, and other dangerous drugs r 3FHVMBS NPOJUPSJOH PG BMM SFHJTUFSFE DMVCT BOE BTTPDJBUJPOT in schools. Many secret- cult-gangs operate under the guise of registered social clubs in schools or campuses. r (VJEBODF BOE DPVOTFMMJOH VOJUT JO TDIPPMT TIPVME CF TUSFOHUIFOFE and students encouraged to attend counselling sessions r (FU TUVEFOUT UP TFSWF BT WBOHVBSE HSPVQT UP SFTJTU TFDSFU cult-gang activities r 5FBDIFST XIP BSF EJTDPWFSFE UP CF NFNCFST PG BOZ TFDSFU cult group should be reported to the Police by the Principal, and appropriate sanction meted out on erring teachers by the supervising Ministry. r 3FHVMBS 15" 4UVEFOU JOUFSBDUJPOT r 0SHBOJTF BOOVBM TQPSUT DPNQFUJUJPO r &ODPVSBHF GPSNBUJPO PG 1SFTT $MVC RVJ[ DPNQFUJUJPO EFCBUF for positive discussions r 4DIPPMT OFFE UP GPSN TUSPOH DPMMBCPSBUJPO XJUI 1PMJDF BOE various group organisations, to fight secret cult gangs r 1PMJDF NVTU DPOUJOVPVTMZ DBSSZ PVU EJMJHFOU QSPTFDVUJPO of cases based on the new law: Delta State Anti-Terrorism and Anti-Cultism Law of 2016. Children want to trust their parents and guardians implicitly, if they show they can be trusted too. Children are loyal to carers or someone who really listens to and understands them; someone who can empathise with them and guide them, without intimidation or threat. When secret-gang-cults present themselves as better alternatives, and children join such groups, then as teachers, parents and guardians, it may be because we did not do enough. To all parents who are giving their best, donâ€™t relent. This investigation into secret cults and gangsterism in female students in Delta State, was supported by Code for Africa. â€œLady Eâ€?, Ejiro Umukoro

12.03.2019

COVER/11

‘NIGERIAN ELECTORAL PROCESS DOESN’T INSPIRE CONFIDENCE’

Kingsley Jesuorobo Kingsle

12/COVER

12.03.2019

‘Nigerian Electoral Process Doesn’t Inspire Conﬁdence’ Against all odds, Nigeria has somewhat concluded its 2019 general elections, but there is no gainsaying the fact that, the outcomes have neither elicited the expected jubilations, nor inspired conﬁdence in our Federal Government, INEC, or the electoral process, so much so that, the voter turn out for the subsequent March 9 elections was rather low nationwide, possibly due to voter apathy, as many may have been left with the impression that our votes do not really count, following the February 23 elections. On the home front, opinion is divided along political camp lines, on whether the Presidential candidate of the main opposition party, the PDP, Alhaji Atiku Abubakar, should challenge the election at the Tribunal. What do Nigerians in the diaspora think about this, and the just concluded exercise? Onikepo Braithwaite and Jude Igbanoi sought the views of a Canadian based Nigerian Lawyer, Kingsley Jesuorobo, to gauge the feelings of Nigerians who live abroad, on the political developments at home

ow would you assess the recently concluded February 23 elections in Nigeria? It has elicited so many criticisms, and some have said it was therefore, not a surprise that there wasn’t as much jubilation as would logically have followed the outcome of the elections In comparative terms, the Nigerian electoral process does not inspire much confidence. In any election where people lose life and limbs, no reasonable person should be happy. Nigeria can do better. The country needs to continue to disincentivise electoral malpractices, by prosecuting those who commit these dastardly infractions. The National Assembly and President Buhari should have acted early enough, to amend the Electoral Act which had provisions that can minimise the incentives for foul play. As for the issue of jubilation, I am not sure there is any valid thing one can reasonably make out of that. Since the status quo did not change, why would those who were already used to Buhari being the President be jumping up and down in ecstasy? Naturally, it would have been different had the former Vice President, Alhaji Atiku Abubakar won, as that would have more likely than not excited his supporters more, and then spur them into jubilation. Permit me to also weigh in on the idea of people proffering unsolicited suggestions, for Alhaji Atiku Abubakar not to approach the courts for a judicial resolution of his electoral grievances. I believe that, such advice is fraught with many faults. For starters, such counsel not only amounts to meddlesomeness in his purely private pursuits, but also smacks of failure to appreciate the potential healing effect that such litigation exercise will have on our polarised polity. Anyone who feels the political pulse of Nigeria, would sense that many supporters of Atiku had high hopes regarding his chance of success. Buhari’s triumph was therefore, hugely disappointing for them, and it would be adding insult to injury to deny them one last opportunity to push their luck. The combustible feelings of hurt and disappointment of the ‘Atikulated’, would have tapered somewhat by the time it would take for the courts to deal with the petition. They would be better positioned to absolve the outcome, by the time the judicial matter is laid to rest. Furthermore, we must appreciate that Buhari himself, a converted democrat, shouldn’t and wouldn’t be surprised by Atiku’s decision given that, historically, Buhari is arguably the most litigious presidential candidate Nigeria has ever had. Kaduna State Governor, Mallam Nasir El-Rufai had threatened a few weeks before the election, that international observers would return to their home countries in body bags, if they interfered with the elections. This was widely condemned, but the opposition party alleged that the threat cowed the foreign observers into giving what some see as a weak and shallow report. President Buhari also threatened shoot at sight for ballot box snatchers. What is your view? I believe that, Mallam El Rufai went overboard when he made that controversial comment. A leader of his stature, ought to have been more guarded. While I note

Kingsley Jesuorobo that his reference to “body bags” was in relation to his perceived threat of foreign “intervention” and not election monitoring by foreigners in Nigeria, this nuance became meaningless when the Governor lumped the impugned threats, together with other comments that denounced those whom he said were trying to “teach

“....PROFFERING UNSOLICITED SUGGESTIONS, FOR ALHAJI ATIKU ABUBAKAR NOT TO APPROACH THE COURTS FOR A JUDICIAL RESOLUTION OF HIS ELECTORAL GRIEVANCES. I BELIEVE THAT, SUCH ADVICE IS FRAUGHT WITH MANY FAULTS”

us” or “lecture us” on how to run our country. As far as I know, no foreign government had threatened intervention. If President Buhari could decline assent to the Electoral Bill on the basis of non-compliance with ECOWAS the treaty, why would a Nigerian leader balk at the notion of foreign governments providing lectures on the need for compliance with the dictates of the Nigerian Constitution and international and regional conventions and treaties, to which Nigeria is signatory? Nigeria receives huge sums in aid from these same foreigners, when it suits us. As for the second leg of your question, I disagree with the argument that the foreign observers were intimidated by El Rufai’s comments at all, let alone to the point where they issued a “weak and shallow” report. One huge issue with many Nigerian politicians is that, they tend to demonise anything that does not serve their parochial interest. I anticipate that, even my comments in this interview, will elicit hostility from people who cannot handle truth. The foreign observers deserve credit for daring Nigeria’s treacherous terrain, CONTINUED ON PAGE 13

12.03.2019

COVER/13

‘NIGERIAN ELECTORAL PROCESS DOESN’T INSPIRE CONFIDENCE’ in furtherance of the noble objective of helping us advance our democratic values and practices. The President’s “shoot at sight” order can be faulted on many levels. Let me simply say that, the best order the President can give as Commander-in-Chief, is to enjoin the military to act with utmost professionalism at all times, and to deal with suspected culprits in accordance with the law. Aside from running counter to the clear legal limitations on when a person - including the military and police - can use lethal force against another person, the shoot at sight order, has the capacity to complicate matters for Nigerian law enforcement agents, who often face accusations of engaging in extra-judicial killings. You have lived in Canada for many years, and having seen elections in other countries, would you say Nigeria’s democracy has attained maturity, given the challenges experienced in this last election, with malfunctioning card readers, military personnel on the streets, violence and allegations of vote buying? As painful as it is to admit, there is no basis for comparison between the Nigerian electoral process and the Canadian one. Nigeria’s democracy, is still far from maturity. Canada’s is, much more advanced. I have never heard of any incident of ballot box snatching or electoral violence, in Canada. Nor do Canadians experience cases of late arrival of election personnel or materials, at polling stations. Election results are usually announced on the same day that voting takes place, in Canada. Instances of litigation over election results, are almost non-existent in Canada. Neither do Canadians wake up to the news of the postponement of an election, few hours before the scheduled time. One of the most difficult jobs to do in Nigeria, is to work as an electoral official. Desperate politicians routinely raise false alarms, and engage in character assassination of the electoral officers. There are routine cases of the abduction, or even killing of electoral officials, by Nigerian political thugs. In cyberspace and on social media, you find that Nigerians tear one another apart, and engage in unbridled hostility towards one another. Even the so-called elites in Nigeria, tribalise everything to the point where zero room is left for objectivity in political discussions. Frankly, the dissimilarities are too many to list. I am so sorry to admit that, our problem in Nigeria has more to do with our incivility to one another, than with the infrastructural deficiencies. As Nigerians, we can solve most of our election related issues by changing our mindset, by punishing those who commit electoral malpractices, and by having faith and trust in one another, especially the electoral officials who sacrifice a lot to do their work. Let’s reduce the hostility towards one another. On the question of the “militarisation” of the electoral process in Nigeria, I am again sorry to take the position that, it is a necessary evil. The average Nigerian voter needs protection from hoodlums, who are usually used by politicians to attack them or rob them of their right to meaningfully participate in the electoral process. Is it not ironic that, most of those who condemn the so-called militarisation, go about their daily activities with police or military escorts? From homes to banks to places of leisure frequented by the Nigerian elites, is it not the Nigerian practice to “militarise” everywhere? While many Nigerian Lawyers struggle to get into Canadian Bars, you have your own practice and have distinguished yourself as an Immigration Lawyer. How did you attain this feat? What would be your advice to Nigerian Lawyers, who like to seek greener pastures in Canada? Thank you, for your very generous assessment of my achievements. This is a very good question. However, I think it would require more time and space, for me to fully answer it. Suffice to say that, God has been extra kind to me. The single most important factor that has propelled me this far, outside of God’s infinite grant of favour, is my subscription to the ideal that, all humans are created equal, with infinite capacity for excellence anywhere and everywhere. So, I never allowed space for the notion that, my brilliance had geographical or racial limitations. Fear of failure, was never a factor. I simply plugged the wisdom nuggets of my Nigerian-made legal knowledge and knowhow into the Canadian legal space, without bothering about how I looked or sounded. As a poet, one of my postal poems is simply that, “reason has no season”. What is reasonable in Benin City, is also reasonable in Toronto. Many people fail, because they bother more with trying to blend with form, instead of substance. I quickly blended with the substance of the Canadian society, through formal training and mental subscription to the fundamentals of the Canadian legal system. Once the formalities were over, my adventures in advocacy, were more informed by my fidelity to common sense and my roots, than by anything else. I knew my strengths, and I explored and exploited them. For example, I knew from day one, that I would

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 12

“I AM A POET. IN 2017, THE POETIC SIDE OF ME GAINED REMARKABLE IMPETUS, FROM THE SUCCESSFUL PUBLICATION OF MY BOOK TITLED, “PROVINCE OF POETRY: A COLLECTION OF POEMS AND PHILOSOPHICAL PHRASES”

be exemplarily effective in providing representation to Africans in Canadian courts, because my upbringing and exposure generally give me greater appreciation of the African clients’ social-cultural contexts and a concomitant extraordinary ability to convey their story to a Judge or jury, than the average Canadian Lawyer. As a result, I made the African client my primary target. It worked, and still works. My success rates, are the living testimonials. As my years of experience grew, I began to attract international recognition for my ground-breaking victories. I got an invitation to Oxford University under the auspices of the Fahanmu Refugee program and the UNHCR, to give a lecture on Refugee law. I have presented lectures on Canadian Law, at Canadian higher institutions. I have organised training for dozens of Nigerian Federal High Court Judges, on bankruptcy and insolvency aspects of the Canadian legal system. Just three months ago, I was the Keynote Speaker at the Annual Law Dinner of the Nigerian Bar Association, Benin Branch. I have been honoured by my legal peers in Canada, through my election as the President of the Canadian Association of Nigerian Lawyers. I am also a senior leader of the African Bar Association, where I hold office as the Vice-President for North America. I have won Planet Africa Awards, for Professional Excellence. The list goes on. All this gives me immense visibility, and attracts high quality clientele. What other endeavours, have you pursued in recent times? As I stated earlier, I am a poet. In 2017, the poetic side of me gained remarkable impetus, from the successful publication of my book titled, “Province of Poetry: A Collection of Poems and Philosophical Phrases”. The book has been a bestseller, on Amazon. ca. In the book, I enchant readers by twisting and turning thoughts, weaving and waxing words, until I wind up with wisdom. How can Nigerians in the Diaspora be made to participate in Nigeria’s elections? What needs to be done to actualise this, if it is desirable? The fact that the Nigerian authorities have done nothing to integrate Nigerians in the Diaspora into the electoral process, is sad and unjustifiable. We need to have the means, to exercise our right to vote. This can be easily achieved, through adoption of the systems that are in place in advanced democracies. We don’t need to reinvent the wheel. Needless to stress that, Nigerians in Diaspora contribute to the development of Nigeria, through remittances than run into billions

of Naira. This group needs to have a say, in how Nigeria is governed. It is said that most Nigerians ﬁnd it difﬁcult to get into the Canadian Bars. What are those major challenges that make it so onerous? What is your advice to Nigerian Lawyers who desire to get called into these Bars? You are right. Many Nigerians who migrate to Canada, face serious inhibitions in the course of trying to get admitted into Canadian Bars. The problem is systemic. It is not just Nigerians, but the entirety of members of the racialised or visible minority communities, that face this problem. Whilst it is true that Canada remains one of the most hospitable societies on planet earth, we still confront systemic barriers, that hinder the full integration of immigrants or even Canadians of racialised backgrounds. We have many instances, where candidates who have successfully passed the Bar examinations, are stalled because they are unable to find Articling positions in law firms. Articling is usually a compulsory requirement, before a candidate is called to the Canadian Bar. We find that, most of those who disproportionately face this problem come from the racial minority groups. Personally, I have tried to bridge this gap, by opening the doors of my law firm to black candidates, including many Nigerians. Over 35 lawyers have Articled with my law firm so far; and the number is still rising. As the President of the Canadian Association of Nigerian Lawyers, I also use that platform to encourage my peers to open their doors to those of us in need. What are your comments on the on going saga with the Chief Justice of Nigeria? Do you think Government adopted the right approach in dealing with his issue? If not, what would have been the proper way to deal with it? On the issue regarding the suspended CJN, permit me to say that, the saga is a national embarrassment for Nigeria, regardless of which side of the divide one finds himself or herself. When news broke that the CJN was going to be charged, I penned an article on the subject and posted it on my Facebook page. It is still there. My views have not changed since then. It is available here: https:// www.facebook.com/jesuorobo/posts/10156791109578418. However, with respect to the suspension of the CJN, permit me to reiterate some of what I have also previously said elsewhere: This is without precedent, in a constitutional democracy. There are strong indications that what is at play, is more political than legal, although one cannot wish away the weighty charges that have been levelled against the suspended CJN. This is so given that: (a) The prosecutorial authorities under executive control had dared the judicial system, by initiating charges against the CJN in the first place (without allowing the NJC to first have a stab at the matter); (b) There subsists a litany of orders, that signalled judicial intolerance of the prosecutorial modus chosen by the Executive. (c) There were allegations that the NJC’s capacity to address the weighty matter, was snowballing into an impasse, as the suspended CJN had adjourned a planned meeting on the issue indefinitely. (d) The almost similarly situated case of Justice Ngwuta, was reportedly inexplicably stalled at the NJC. (e) Apparently, the Presidency saw the judicial and/or NJC’s hand writing on the wall and quickly looked for constitutional loopholes, in order to ensure self- preservation and/or to push the NJC into action. Would you encourage any Nigerian professional in the diaspora, who may be planning to come back home, to return now? Why not? Many of us who left Nigeria due to one reason or the other, know that we cannot sever our relationship with our fatherland. I find it distasteful, when people use negative adjectives and invectives to describe Nigeria. Despite the huge challenges that plague Nigeria, there remain apple opportunities for Nigerians in the Diaspora to take advantage of. Speaking for myself, I cannot imagine severing my ties to or with Nigeria. Despite the fact that I have lived in Canada for almost 30 years and have fully integrated myself into the Canadian society, I remain inalienably Nigerian in my spirit and in my deeds. I routinely follow and contribute, to Nigeria’s social-political discussions. I belong to social media chat groups, like that of the 1989 graduates of the Faculty of Law of the University of Benin, Market Place of Ideas, and several other groups where I regularly engage with others in intense social- political discussions about Nigeria. I also specifically monitor developments in my Nigerian hometown of Urhonigbe, Edo State, through regular interaction with my relatives there. I occasionally raise and discuss issues around the developmental challenges that my people face, through different fora. I have several ongoing ventures and endeavours in Nigeria, as part of my modest contribution towards the upliftment of my fatherland. I visit Nigeria from time to time.

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12.03.2019

Cryptocurrency and Government Regulation in Nigeria In this article, Bisi Akodu discusses Cryptocurrency, explaining the basics, by drawing comparisons with more known terms like Bitcoin and Ledger, concluding that cryptocurrency being part of the advancement in technology has come to stay, and must therefore, be regulated in Nigeria by the Central Bank and Securities and Exchange Commission

echnology has, since the last century, seen a high permeation of, in all sectors of the global economy. To be seen as a cutting edge solution provider, individuals in the corporate world must be technology savvy or “techi”. Competition is now more than ever, based on the application of technology, such that to move your business to the next level, you need to be tech-involved. Deﬁnition of Cryptocurrency Advancement in technology, has seen the birth of cryptocurrency as a major consideration in both the tech and financial worlds. Cryptocurrency has been defined as, a digital currency in which encryption techniques are used to regulate the generation of units of currency and verify the transfer of funds, operating independently of a central bank. Decentralised cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, now provide an outlet for personal wealth that is beyond restriction and confiscation. There has been a lot of positive and negative discourse, on the value of crypto currency to fiscal systems. With all the hype about the Bitcoin, the bubble eventually burst in June last year, and has left a lot of Bitcoin investors, including myself, sceptical as to whether there is a future for cryptocurrency, independent of government regulation. I was recently briefed by a client seeking legal advice regarding the use of cryptocurrency by way of an “Agri Coin” to unify farmers, farm products and product trading in the rural areas of Nigeria. The coin would be utilised to project, coordinate and monitor agricultural services. I was really interested in proffering legal advice, in such a ‘techi’ area. I immediately, but with some help from my ‘techi’ sons, embarked on research into this subject. I didn’t mention the fact that, it was one of my ‘techi’ sons who urged me to invest a small amount of money in the Bitcoin, which unfortunately I lost, and fortunately, had the sense not to invest my entire life savings. As a Lawyer, my interest in new products and services, remains constant. To enter a discussion on the value of cryptocurrency, it is important to learn about related things like blockchain, smart contracts and ICOs. It has been established that cryptocurrency springs from cryptography, which is the process of converting plain text into unintelligible text and the reverse; it is entirely digital, and relies on encryption that enhances secure transactions. In researching this topic I can say with some authority that, cryptocurrency was devised as an alternative form of payment to cash and its equivalents, such as credit/debit cards, cheques etc. Its use, is independent of our traditional banks. In other words, the use of cryptocurrency dispenses with the need for intermediaries in the form of banks and other financial institutions. Blockchain Cryptocurrency is backed by a technology called, Blockchain. To answer the question, “what is a Blockchain?”, we first need to understand the meaning of “a ledger”, and then apply same within the context of our discourse. In accounting, a ledger is a computer file or a book, where you find a complete record of a company’s financial

transactions throughout its life. Using this record, accounting officers can prepare the company’s financial statements. The ledger records financial information on liabilities, assets, expenses, revenues and owners’ equity. With the above in mind and the understanding put in context, it is clear that Blockchain is simply a” decentralised ledger”. It contains records which can be verified autonomously, without the need to have a central entity. It is not just a public ledger, but a real-time ledger that records practically anything that can be put on record, including but not limited to contracts, financial transactions, information on supply chain, physical assets, etc. One major feature characterising Block-

chain technology, is the decentralised feature it possesses. There is no one organisation or person, who is in charge of keeping this ledger. Instead, the ledger is open for everyone in the chain who can see every detail of every record, hence, it is “public”. Each of the records in this chain of records, is referred to as “a block”. In addition, a fundamental feature of Blockchain technology we need to consider, is its immutable character. The records absolved by Blockchain technology, are such that are fixed and cannot be edited by any person once it gets to the platform. This accounts for transparency in transactions. So, in summary, think of Blockchain as a long chain of records (financial transactions or otherwise) made up of blocks, with each block being each of the records that make up the long chain. Each block is encrypted, and has a time stamp which is immutable.

ADVANCEMENT IN TECHNOLOGY, HAS SEEN THE BIRTH OF CRYPTOCURRENCY AS A MAJOR CONSIDERATION IN BOTH THE TECH AND FINANCIAL WORLDS. CRYPTOCURRENCY HAS BEEN DEFINED AS, A DIGITAL CURRENCY IN WHICH ENCRYPTION TECHNIQUES ARE USED TO REGULATE THE GENERATION OF UNITS OF CURRENCY AND VERIFY THE TRANSFER OF FUNDS, OPERATING INDEPENDENTLY OF A CENTRAL BANK.

Smart Contract An affiliated subject-matter which I had to get my head around to understand, in my quest for knowledge, is the “Smart Contract”. Smart contracts are computer protocols intended to digitally facilitate, verify, or enforce the negotiation or performance of a contract. These transactions are trackable and irreversible. Smart contracts, have been touted as the true building blocks of Blockchain applications. At the core of smart contracts is self-execution, code write-ups and Blockchain enforcement (all technical terms which I am still trying to understand!). A smart contract is designed using lines of code, and executes itself without the intervention of a third party and after fulfilment of certain laid out conditions. In other words and put simply, a smart contract is an agreement between two people in the form of computer code. It runs on the blockchain, so it can be stored on a public database and cannot be changed. The transactions that happen in a smart contract processed by the blockchain, which means they can be sent automatically

without a third party. It has been argued that, using smart contracts helps you eliminate both enforcement costs and ambiguity, making all business transactions instantaneous. Further, it lets you replace traditional contracts; which then saves time and money for your business. While this may be true, it is clear from practice that the orthodox manner of contractual evidencing still is the order of the day. It is impossible to comment on the subjectmatter of cryptocurrency, without making mention of token offerings and initial coin offering. An initial coin offering, also commonly referred to as an ICO, is a fundraising mechanism in which new projects sell their underlying crypto tokens in exchange for a cryptocurrency be it Bitcoin, Ethereum etc. An ICO is similar to an Initial Public Offering (IPO) in which investors purchase shares of a company, in the case of an ICO, they are purchasing units of cryptocurrency. SureRemit a Nigerian startup company raised $7 million through a Blockchain ICO aided by ‘Hashed’, one of the largest cryptocurrency funds domiciled in South Korea. The exigencies of commerce, rely to a large extent, on the dissemination of information. Information is driven by technology, which is the mainstay of daily commercial activity, be it withdrawing or transferring money at an ATM point, opening letters of credit, operating credit cards, paying for goods and services, effecting a takeover bid, the list is inexhaustible; what is clear is that, technology and information remain the main drivers of commerce, lack of which can lead to dire consequences. Technology promotes information, and allows corporate business consider imperatives to enhance efficiency and prevent losses. Need for Government Regulation Where am I going with all this? I am looking at the value of cryptocurrency in

CONTINUED ON PAGE 15

12.03.2019

THE LIGHTER SIDE/15

LEGAL HUMOUR

We Hold Your Brief JUDE IGBANOI jude.igbanoi@thisdaylive.com Dear Counsel, Your advice is urgently required. My son has been in detention for the past few weeks. He was arrested by the Police on the allegation that, he and his roommates were suspected of being members of a cult, and that they could be in possession of arms. My son informed me that, the police forcefully pushed them into their patrol van, on their way from a friend’s birthday party in the evening. They took them to their room and ransacked their apartment, purportedly in search of arms and dangerous weapons. Finding nothing, they took them to the police station, and they have since been in detention. When I went to the Station, the Police told me that because of the yuletide holidays, they could not be arraigned in court. Although, I have spoken to a Lawyer who promised to take up the matter, my question is, can the Police search without a search warrant, and then proceed to make arrests, especially in such an embarrassing manner? My son is neither a criminal, nor does he belong to any cult group in or outside the campus. Elder J.E.,

Makurdi, Benue State. Dear Elder J.E., It was a very wise decision, to have briefed a Lawyer promptly about your son’s arrest. But, you must prevail on him to take urgent steps to effect his release, so that he does not suffer in detention longer than necessary. The constitutional guarantee is that, a citizen should not be detained beyond 48 hours or 72 hours, as the case may be. However, the Police are empowered to arrest with force and without a warrant of arrest, under certain circumstances. The Robbery and Firearms (Special Provision) Act (No 5, 1984 and No 28, 1986) Section 8 (1) provides that ‘A police officer or a member of the armed forces may arrest any person reasonably suspected of having committed or about to commit an offence, the police officer or member of the armed forces may use such force, including the use of firearms, as may be reasonably necessary to effect the arrest of that person or to prevent his escape.’

CRYPTOCURRENCY AND GOVERNMENT REGULATION IN NIGERIA global financial systems, and the need for government regulation. Some exponents believe that cryptocurrencies are ripe to compete with traditional financial systems, and that, “money is an asset with value meaning that money competes with money”; therefore, cryptocurrencies should be fully integrated into global financial systems. There is, however, a downside to this. Without government regulation, massive fraud and theft may be perpetrated through cryptocurrency as it can be used to promote money laundering activities, support radical movements and bad governments, finance illegal drug trafficking and human trafficking. Truth be told, there will always be crime and criminals, therefore, the axiom “prevention is better than cure” comes in. This, in my view, begs the need for government regulation. Money has always played a fundamental role in the development of global financial systems, and historically, paved the way for global trade and economic growth. Gradually, we are seeing a transition from physical currency to almost virtual currency. The fact that, most economies have or are in the process of doing away with cash, means that financial systems are still evolving. This notwithstanding, some sceptics are of the view that, cryptocurrency can never be worth more than “zero”, and therefore, should be disregarded as a technological whim. I therefore, believe that governments should start looking seriously at the advantages of promoting legislation and regulations in this regard, as the value of digital assets is increasing with the world’s top five companies having data as a primary asset.

No Offence, Bikers ... What’s the difference between a vacuum cleaner and a Lawyer riding a motorcycle? The vacuum cleaner has the dirt bag on the inside. ˾˾˾ Soul for Sale, Dirt Cheap ... An Attorney was working late one night in his office, when, suddenly, Satan appeared before him. The Devil made him an offer. “I will make it so you win every case that you try for the rest of your life. Your clients will worship you, your colleagues will be in awe, and you will make enormous amounts of money. But, in return, you must give me your soul, your wife’s soul, the souls of your children, your parents, grandparents, and those of all the your friends.” The Lawyer thought about it for a moment, then asked, “But what’s the catch?” ˾˾˾ Invertebrates Have Feelings Too ... What’s the difference between a Lawyer and a jellyfish? One is a spineless, poisonous blob. The other is a form of sea life. ˾˾˾ Hang ‘Em High ... How are an apple and a Lawyer alike? They both look good hanging from a tree. ˾˾˾ The Blue Pill ... What does a Lawyer get when you give him Viagra? Taller. ˾˾˾ Pull! ... What do you call 25 skydiving Lawyers? Skeet. ˾˾˾ In Flames and Inflamed ... A man was sent to hell for his sins. As he was being led into the pits for an eternity of torment, he saw a Lawyer passionately kissing a beautiful woman. “What a joke!” he said. “I have to roast in flames for all eternity, and that Lawyer gets to spend it with that beautiful woman.” Satan jabbed the man with his pitchfork and snarled, “Who are you to question that woman’s punishment?”

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 14

Trading in cryptocurrency in Nigeria, is becoming very popular, and can be a profitable idea for investment. These accounts for why we have full time crypto traders, who employ various strategies and methods of trading. As a result of its decentralised feature, trading in cryptocurrency requires no involvement from a central bank, thus, unlike regular cash and financial instruments, the pricing process is not affected, and this aids trading transparency. While this may be so, one will question whether it will not affect the key issues of “predictability”. There are at present 10 cryptocurrency exchange platforms in Nigeria, otherwise termed e-currency exchanges as well as on-line training courses on how to buy trade and invest in cryptocurrency. The interest of individuals in this area, is slowly, but surely, increasing. The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC), both regulators of the money market and capital market respectively, have intermittently given warnings (somewhat of a buyer beware notice)to the public, regarding investing in cryptocurrencies. This notwithstanding, cryptocurrency trading has not been prohibited. While it is trite that, there is currently no legislation in this regard, the main issue seems to be the status of cryptocurrency. Different jurisdictions have stated cryptocurrency to have the status of either security, currency, property, cash equivalent, asset or commodity, and this has made it easier to be legislated on, regulated and monitored. This is however, not the position in Nigeria. It is interesting to note that Nigerian Banks and other

financial Institutions, as well as capital market operators, are prohibited from investing in cryptocurrencies or carrying on business as a virtual currency exchange. Most authors on this topic including Chimezie Chuta, the coordinator of Blockchain Nigeria User Group, who has written extensively on this subject-matter, are of the opinion that “government must seek out avenues and intelligent approaches, to deal with Blockchain and cryptocurrency”. With evolving global trends in the world’s financial sector, Nigeria is really lagging behind. The need for the Nigerian government to review the financial services sector, and completely revolutionise institutions and soft structures cannot be overemphasised. If Nigeria wants to be part of the technology jet set, the time to do this is now. We have already seen a trend, whereby Nigerian tech companies are operating through off-shore locations such as Mauritius. As a former member of “Financial Systems Strategy 20:20, a CBN initiative established in 2007 by CBN Governor, Professor Soludo aimed to provide a robust financial system that will power the Nigerian economy, I often wonder where we are, with 2020 being just a year away! In conclusion, I believe that cryptocurrency has come to stay, and its advantages clearly outweigh the disadvantages. Consequently, I call on both the CBN and SEC, to make an informed decision on how to provide regulations for this product, so that it can gradually be integrated into our financial ecosystem. Mrs Bisi Akodu, Managing Partner, Olisa Agbakoba Legal, Lagos

8/COVER

12.03.2019

Secret Cult Gangs: The Disturbing Rise of Female Members in Delta For the past three decades, Nigeriaâ€™s higher institutions have been under the scourge of ruthless and bloody secret cults, with the attendant violent inter-cult clashes. The recent development of secret cult groups in secondary schools, which is on the rise, has resulted in a more complicated narrative, and raised many cogent issues, including that of parenting skills. Delta State, has not been left out of this ugly trend, where secondary schools have become a fertile ground for recruiting members into these gangs, including teenage female students. â€˜Lady Eâ€™, Ejiro Umukoro, gives a vivid account of School X, and, Akudo, Dumebi and Millicent, three female students, and their dreadful experiences in some of the fast emerging female gangs in Delta State, theVipers, Red Devil Girls and F-Tibi

School X: Akudo, Dumebi and Millicent kudo wants to come out, but they wonâ€™t let her. The last time she told them she was leaving, they threatened to deal with her. What she did not expect them to do, was to wait at the gate of her school after school hours, to attack her in broad day light. She was assaulted by Vipers, a group she belonged to, where she had been a member of the Vice Queen, the female arm of the gang. The group is dominant in Asaba, Delta State. Zena is 15 years. A crumpled note was dumped on Dumebiâ€™s lap. By the time she looked up, she could not tell who had dropped it on her lap. She asked her classmates sitting close by, but they too did not have a good glimpse of who did it. The class was rowdy. It was break time. Dumebi uncrumples the note. The first lines made her blood run cold, she broke into a sweat, her heart rate spiked. It was a letter, addressed to her. It was a threat. She jolted from her seat and headed

Teenage Female Cultists in Delta State

straight to the school Counsellorâ€™s office. Sheâ€™s only 13 years old, and doesnâ€™t know how to handle this sort of matter. It was a message from a gang, who saw themselves as â€˜cultistsâ€™. Their name, Red Devil Girls, evokes fear. She had been marked. Later that day, when she got home, her mother impressed upon her not to go back to school the following day, a Friday. She was scared. Dumebi stayed back. Sometime in the afternoon on Friday, Dumebi went to the market at Ogbogonogo, on an errand. A â€˜spotterâ€™ for the gang, known as Shedrach, surrounded by seven girls, pointed at Dumebi. That Friday after school hours, the threat was carried out opposite Ogbilo Junction, where Dumebi was waylaid by the seven students dressed in mufti, who had gone after a â€˜flightâ€™, their code name for new recruit. They beat her up, and left her bruised in the midst of confused onlookers. When the news of the attack got to Dumebiâ€™s brother-in-law, he was livid. On Monday, the following week, Dumebi and her brother-in-law went to the Police A-Division not too far from the market, to report the case to the Anti-Cult office. Now they sit at the Counsellorâ€™s office,

Female Cultism in Nigeria - Nigerian Nollywood Movie Clip

waiting for the proper protocol before the next action is taken against the perpetrators. Read a copy of the letter here... Millicent wore a smirk on her face. It was a cunning expression, borne from a certain confidence she feels she possesses â€“ the thought that she can outsmart her teachers, folks, and school students alike. At 15, She stands erect, and tells the Counsellor that she has denounced her membership from Tibi. She had been the â€˜Queenâ€™ of F-Tibi (Future Tibi), at the top of the authority hierarchy. Akudo, Dumebi and Millicent, attend the same school. They are amongst the disturbing growing number of girls, faced with a social dilemma fast becoming pervasive in secondary schools in Delta State: the pressure to belong or be forced to join a group, often termed a gang or secret cult. In this school, a mixed secondary school for junior and senior secondary school students, at least 10 such groups exist, with 2 having dominant control inside the goings-on in the school, while the other eight co-existing within the school have strong external influence from outside, that manages their activities within. Members of the group who controls activities within the school, are known as â€˜coordinatorsâ€™ and those managing the structure of the gang are called â€˜leadersâ€™. While Dumebi cannot understand why she was chosen, Akudo was already tired of being a member of the group, whereas Millicent pretended to denounce, when in reality, her goal was to jump from one group to another, to recruit fresh girls to join another group known as Devils Girls. She was the mastermind, behind the recruitment of Dumebi. She had thought Dumebi was a weak easy target, because she had that docile pliable look that wreaked of fear. But, she was surprised to discover that, behind that face was a quick, intelligent mind. She is not pleased, as she sits at the Counsellorâ€™s office, hating the feeling of being outsmarted. The name â€˜Hannahâ€™ written on the letter, is a fictitious name. It was written by another student, a boy, code name Shedrach, who is also part of the secret-cult. Millicent is a serial- group hopper. She knows the game, and plays the rule to suit her needs. In every group, she joins, her trump card is to ensure she has as many friends within who can stand for her, vouch for her. That way, she has control over the rules, and the people who make the rules. Being a queen, she can control, intimidate, â€˜obtainâ€™ (code name for stealing), harass or determine the fate of any girl through â€˜flightâ€™ or â€˜nootingâ€™ in exchange for other favours. Recruitment fees (otherwise known as â€˜submitâ€™) of up to N3,500 are paid to her, aside weekly and monthly dues. Included in being in this position, is the pecks of having boys who can fight for her should the need arise. Most Dominant Gangs According to Millicent, there over nine female gangs in Asaba alone, many others unknown.

These nine are the most dominant groups, many of them were created as the female arm of existing male-dominated gangs and secret-cults: TG Girls (Trigger Girls), Vice Queen (Vipers), F-Tibi (Future Tibi), White Angels (JVC â€“ Junior Vikings), Pink Lady (Apache), Red Devils, Bad Dragon, Blue Birds, and Red Sea. The notorious three on this list are: JVC, Vipers and TG. They all use the same spot for â€˜initiationâ€™, a thick bush area neglected inside SPC (St. Patrickâ€™s Church), and other selected bushy areas and uncompleted buildings scattered all over town or in abandoned school blocks. Within Millicentâ€™s school alone, many of these groups co-exist, each running their gangs independent of the others. Thereâ€™s an aggressive drive for â€˜flightâ€™ or â€˜bammingâ€™, code name for recruitment of boys and girls. Millicent informs that, new recruits have recently joined different gangs, many of them mostly operating in public schools (she mentions three other popular public schools). Dues for new recruits have gone up from N2,000 to N4,000 or N5,000, depending on the gang, while weekly dues, post recruitment, is been reviewed from N200 and N400, to more. Teachers interviewed mentioned a number of other public schools in Asaba, where secret-cult gangsterism is prominent. On the average, each gang has as few as four members or more, with some as many as 100. Private schools, are also facing similar invasion. Voice Track: Millicent joined Tibi when she was in JSS 2, age 13. A male friend of hers in the same school, had slyly introduced her to the group a year earlier in JSS 1. She had been drawn to their unique patois of speaking (a distorted lingo of Pidgin English), the songs they sing during orientation, slangs and code words they use, how they rap, the kind of fun they have and how one day she too would be called â€˜Omo Girlâ€™, just like heâ€™s called â€˜Omo Boyâ€™ within the gang. On the day of carrying out the â€˜missionâ€™, code name for initiation or oath swearing, Millicent paid N2,000 for registration dues, including other items specified for the rites. It was the same amount she paid, in 2018 to be â€˜disfeatheredâ€™, code name for denounce, from the group. But, all of this is a faĂ§ade; sheâ€™s like a

â€œTHESE NINE, ARE THE MOST DOMINANT GROUPS, MANY OF THEM WERE CREATED AS THE FEMALE ARM OF EXISTING MALEDOMINATED GANGS AND SECRET-CULTS: TG GIRLS (TRIGGER GIRLS), VICE QUEEN (VIPERS), F-TIBI (FUTURE TIBI), WHITE ANGELS (JVC â€“ JUNIOR VIKINGS), PINK LADY (APACHE), RED DEVILS, BAD DRAGON, BLUE BIRDS, AND RED SEA. THE NOTORIOUS THREE ON THIS LIST ARE: JVC, VIPERS AND TGâ€?

double agent who switches side. She claims to have rejected an offer to be â€˜queenâ€™ from JVC to join â€˜Whiteyâ€™, known to the general public as White Angel, the female arm of Junior Vikings Confraternity. Only time will reveal. Voice Track: .... When Akudo decided to join her gang two and half years ago, three choices were placed before her: be flogged, be â€˜nootedâ€™ or pay a fee of N3,500. She chose to be nooted. That day, 10 boys had sex with her. In school, Akudo is known as the girl who has had sex with the most number of boys. Sheâ€™s also known to sleep around. Twelve boys in her gang recently denounced, and she had hoped to do the same. But, the backlash she experienced when she attempted to, has made her frightened and powerless. Due to uncontrolled interruption from gang activities, Akudo failed in her last exam. She would have to reseat. But, like the rest of their members who often change school when they fail exams, Akudo has chosen to stay away from school. To understand the peculiar situation girls of this school face, on 11th October, The International Day of the Girl, 100 randomly selected female students were asked to fill a questionnaire provided by GIME (Getting Inside Me Project). These students attend the same school as Dumebi, Akudo and Millicent. The questions covered issues ranging from social and academic challenges the students face, pressures from peers and the home front, including realities they encounter in school. Ten of the students, did not submit their responses. For those who submitted their responses, some questions where left unticked or unanswered. The result below, is the data from 90 respondents. The need for acceptance by their peers, is strong. A few do so, to gain protection from sexual harassment, some succumb to the pressure to conform, others simply for the popularity that comes with having several friends and being

COVER/9 known in several cliques, while a number of them preferred acceptance that stems from academic recognition, or be known as the student with good morals. A select few, prefer the power and control that comes from being popular as part of a gang, or through familiarity with these gangs, but not necessarily as members of these gangs. Four distinct respondents did indicate in the questionnaire, a strong desire to be accepted by the opposite sex, with a high chance of giving in to sexual advances if the pressure doesnâ€™t relent. The temptation is very high, for girls who experience strong sexual impulse, even though they may not have had sex, or for girls who are very curious about sex. If an offer presents itself, they tend to fall for it. Two case examples thought to be rape, turned out to be consensual following investigation. One happened inside an abandoned school block, where a student boy had it with a student girl in the presence of a second boy who stood watching. The other happened in SPC, by a girlâ€™s boyfriend in the presence of other boys. All of them, were school mates. Human influence is a powerful social variable, that can make or mar a girlâ€™s sense of worth, academic performance, career choices and vulnerabilities. Many students stated that their parents are too busy for them and do not care about their welfare or academics, as long as they are seen attending school. A student clearly stated in the questionnaire, that she plans to run away from home because of undue parental pressure on all fronts. A student noted that, her parents are forcing her to go against her desires. One complained about intimidation from her folks, another complained that her parents have anger issues, and often transfer their aggression on her. Some complain of lack of money from parents to buy books, many carrying worn school bags or wearing torn shoes and threadbare uniforms. A few expressed strong desires for not being able to buy other simple things, like a favourite dress. A few other parental issues like emotional abuse (insults thrown at student constantly), lack of trust, parentsâ€™ assumed conclusion that student must be a bad child at school, overburdened with excessive house chores, lack of attention, love and care from parents/guardian, and insistence from parents that student must hawk, are a number of pressures these girls listed. On the positive side, some students noted that there were also good pressures from their parents, like: study hard, do the right thing, get good grades, choose only good friends, donâ€™t join gangs in school. In this digital age, the proliferation of phones, has created an acute need for students to keep up with trends and the fast moving global village. Although, a large number of the students expressed strong desire to own a phone, some did so for the purpose of study, others for social media connectivity, while some wanted one to be in communication with family members, relations and friends. Two of the students stated they were too young to own a phone (11 years because their parents said so. Three others simply donâ€™t want to because they feel theyâ€™re too young to own a phone. A sizeable number (23%) did not want to own a phone because it would distract them from their studies. In the area of social challenges they face, it was interesting to observe that 35% of the students were very aware of the challenges they face, especially at school, even though many more did not articulate their exact challenge on the questionnaire. A quick feedback, post submission, highlighted why this was so. Many students didnâ€™t tick the boxes for â€˜what social challenges do you haveâ€™, in part, as a result of inability to express self, not sure what the term meant, not enough time to think through the question, or

unwillingness to share. For the 35% who ticked yes, then went on to specify what these social challenges, the list cut across: r *OBCJMJUZ UP NJY XJUI GSJFOET r +PJO JO OPJTF NBLJOH r *OBCJMJUZ UP BOTXFS RVFTUJPOT JO DMBTT r "UUFOEJOH TPDJBM BDUJWJUJFT r 1SFTTVSF GSPN CPZT UP EBUF r 5ISFBU BOE BTTBVMU GSPN CPZT XIFO CPZGSJFOE offers are turned down r 5PP SFTUMFTT UP TJU JO DMBTT r 5FOEFODZ UP BDU VQ r /PU DPNGPSUBCMF XJUI UISFF TFTTJPOT PQFSBUFE in school (preference for morning sessions) rather than afternoon / evening r #BE BEWJDF GSPN GSJFOET r %JGĂ DVMUZ DPNQSFIFOEJOH r 4QFBLJOH JO QVCMJD r /PJTZ FOWJSPONFOU r /PJTZ TUVEFOUT r 2VBSSFMMJOH XJUI DMBTTNBUFT r 6OGBJS UFBDIFST NBLF MFBSOJOH EJGĂ DVMU #VMMJFT r $PSSVQU TUVEFOUT r /FFE UP BWPJEJOH DFSUBJO QFSTPOT r 'PSDFE PO GSJFOETIJQT r 0WFS QPQVMBUJPO PG TUVEFOUT JO DMBTT SBOHFT between 45-110) r $SBNQFE DMBTTSPPNT r )BSBTTNFOU BOE *OUJNJEBUJPO r #PSJOH UFBDIFST CPSJOH MFTTPOT r 0GGFST PG NPOJFT BOE HJGUT r #BE SPBET UP TDIPPM r 5POHVF UJFE r -BUFOFTT EJTUBODF GSPN IPNF UP TDIPPM too far) r 0WFS CVSEFOFE XJUI IPVTF DIPSFT r -BDL BDDFTT UP UFYUCPPLT BOE OPWFMT r (PTTJQJOH

â€œWARRI HAS THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF SUSPECTS ARRESTED (316) AND NUMBER OF PROSECUTED (300), SINCE 2016 TO DATE, FOLLOWED BY KWALE WITH 250 ARRESTED AND 222 PROSECUTED. ASABA WITH 107 ARRESTED SUSPECTS AND 77 CONVICTIONS, TOPS AT NUMBER THREE. IN TOTAL, 24 TOWNS AND CITIES IN DELTA STATE, ARE FAST BECOMING A BREEDING GROUND FOR SECRET-CULT GANGSTERISMâ€? r 4UFBMJOH r 5FMMJOH MJFT r %JGĂ DVMUZ SFBEJOH These vulnerability pointers show that, when harassment, bullying, assault and intimidation goes unchecked within the home and in schools, it gives birth to the desire to seek protection from the attacker, bullies, perpetrators or environment that promotes it. This in turn, creates the need

CONTINUED ON PAGE 10

5 ) * 4 % ": t TUESDAY, MARCH 12, 2019

T H I S D AY Ëž ÍŻÍ°Ëœ 2019

BUSINESSWORLD R A T E S MONEY MARKET OVERNIGHT OBB

A S

A T

REPO 10.08 % 9.17%

CALL 1-MONTH 3-MONTH

10.50% 12.38 % 12.63%

M A R C H S & P INDEX INDEX LEVEL 1-DAY MONTH-TO-DATE

Group Business Editor Obinna Chima Email obinna.chima@thisdaylive.com 08152447875

8 , 383.22% 0.08% 0.32%

2 0 1 9 S & P INDEX 1/4 TO DATE YEAR TO DATE

7.35% 7.35%

EXCHANGE RATE N306.90/1US DOLLAR* *AS AT LAST FRIDAY

Quick Takes Tecno Partners WakaFire

WORLD BOOK DAY

L-R: Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer, Fidelity Bank Plc, Nnamdi Okonkwo, exchanging pleasantries with the Vice Chairman, Channels Media Group, Olusola Momoh, during a book reading organised by Famfa Oil to commemorate the 2019 World Book Day, in Lagosâ€Śrecently

NEITI: Unearned Income from PSCs May Fund Mambilla Plant, Others Stories by Chineme Okafor in Abuja The Nigeria Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (NEITI) has said revenue Nigeria did not earn from its failure to review terms in the Production Sharing Contracts (PSCs) it signed with the oil companies in the country may have funded its construction of the 3,050 megawatts (MW) Mambilla hydro power plant estimated to cost $5.72 billion. Also, the projects which the fund would have funded include the Calabar-Lagos Rail line ($11 billion); Fourth Mainland Bridge ($1.4 billion); Badagry Deep Water Port Complex ($1.6 billion) and Lekki Deep Seaport, amongst other key infrastructure projects. NEITI, in a report it conducted on what the country potentially lost for not reviewing the PSCs, stated that $16.03 billion or $28.61 billion could

ENERGY have been made by Nigeria if it had reviewed the PSCs when oil price got beyond $20 or 15 years after the PSCs became active. It equally disclosed that Nigeria operated a peculiar PSC regime in its oil and gas industry which was different from what obtained in other oil producing jurisdictions. Putting the revenue lost into national development context, NEITI said: â€œThe lower threshold of the estimated losses ($16.03 billion) could have funded the entire federal government budget in 2015. This figure can also fund 55 per cent of the federal governmentâ€™s proposed budget for 2019. â€œThe higher threshold estimate ($28.61 billion) can fund 99 per cent of the proposed budget for 2019.â€? It added further: â€œThe lower

threshold of the estimated losses ($16.03 billion) makes up 94 per cent of the total revenue that accrued to the Federation from oil and gas in 2016; the estimated cost of the Port Harcourt - Maiduguri Rail Line is between $14 billion and $15 billion, which the lower threshold of estimated losses would conveniently fund. â€œThe estimated cost of the Mambila power plant of 3,050MW is $5.72 billion, while the estimated cost of the IbadanIlorin-Minna-Kano standard gauge line is $6.1 billion. The combined cost of these projects is $11.82 billion, which is less than the lower threshold of estimated losses.â€? â€œThe lower threshold of estimated losses is also sufficient to fund the combined costs of the Calabar-Lagos Rail line ($11 billion), Fourth Mainland Bridge ($1.4 billion), Badagry Deep Water Port Complex ($1.6 billion), and Lekki Deep Seaport

($1.2 billion),â€? it explained. Emphasising the need for a review of the PSCs terms, the NEITI stated: â€œThis report advocates for an urgent review of the terms of the 1993 PSCs. Such a review is particularly crucial in light of the Supreme Court judgement of 17 October 2018, where the Attorney General of the Federation was mandated to recover all lost revenue from failure to review the terms of these Production Sharing Contracts (PSCs). â€œIt is also very critical because production from PSCs has outstripped production from Joint Ventures (JVs), and thus production from PSCs constitutes now the largest component of oil production in Nigeria. By virtue of the provisions in Section 16 of the law governing the PSCs, the PSC contracts ought to have been reviewed first, in 2004 Continued on page 24

Report: Nigeria Spent N4tr on Importation of Mineral Products in 2018 The Nigerian Economic Summit Group (NESG) has disclosed that Nigeriaâ€™s annual expenditure on importation of mineral products, which included petroleum products, rose by 100 per cent between 2017 and 2018. It also made up 30 per cent of Nigeriaâ€™s total import for the year. NESG explained in the March 2019 edition of its Foreign Trade Alert recently obtained by THISDAY, that while the country spent N2 trillion on importation of mineral products in 2017, the figure however doubled to N4 trillion in 2018, indicating a 100 per cent rise.

ENERGY It also noted that crude oil sales dominated Nigeriaâ€™s exports in 2018, accounting for 82 per cent of the countryâ€™s total export for that year, as well as providing most of the foreign exchange revenue the country got for the period. Indicating the countryâ€™s manufacturing sector was weak and unable to support sustainable economic growth, the NESG warned that Nigeriaâ€™s reliance on oil was dangerous and have severe implications to the economy. â€œFor imports by goods

category, manufactured goods had the highest share of 55.2 per cent with a value of N7.5 trillion. This was followed by other oil products (30 per cent), raw material (8.3 per cent) and agricultural goods (6.3 per cent). â€œSolid minerals and energy goods were insignificant, accounting for 0.5 per cent and zero per cent of total imports respectively. For Imports by section, importation of mineral products, which include petroleum products, increased significantly by 100 per cent to N4 trillion in 2018, representing 30 per cent of total imports,â€? the NESG report stated. It explained that: â€œA further

disaggregation of non-oil export data show that manufactured and agricultural goods accounted for 54.2 per cent and 25.4 per cent of non-oil export; 3 per cent and 2 per cent of total exports in 2018, respectively. â€œLike in previous years, crude oil continues to dominate exports, accounting for 82 per cent of total exports in 2018. This implies that the Nigerian economy is still reliant on crude oil for foreign exchange earnings and by extension, government revenue,â€? it added. In addition to crude oil, the report noted that other oil Continued on page 24

TecnoMobilehaspartneredWakaFiretoorganisethesecondedition of the WakaFire mobile photography masterclass. The event took place at the recently held Social MediaWeek (SMW). The masterclass session which was themed: â€˜Leveraging Mobile Photography to Tell Compelling Stories,â€™ was broadcast live to an international audience through a mobile phone. According to a statement made available toTHISDAYby theTecno PublicRelationsandStrategicPartnershipManager,JesseOguntimehin, thepanellistsdissectedengagingtopicsincludingbranding,visualidentity andstorytellingandgaveimplausibletipsonmobilephotography,looping the experienceTecno mobile oďŹ€ers in every photographic journey to the simple yet intricate mix of ďŹ‚awless photography with your mobile phone. The statement also noted that the Creative Director of MOA Creative Design Studio, Modupe Oduyemi, advised participants on the need to tell a story, using the tools of visual identity, logo/symbols, colours, typography and images as related to storytelling in branding. â€œFor you to tell a story, it means youâ€™re a person people can listen to and ended by describing the tools of visual identity- logo/symbols, colours, typography and images as related to storytelling in branding,â€? shesaid.ThestatementdisclosedthattheManagingDirector,Jonathan Cole and Osaretin Avbuleimen, discussed on branding and how it is diďŹ€erent from business. Avbuleimen, explained that having a business does not necessarily qualify a person as a brand owner.

EEDC Wins NEMSA Award

The Enugu Electricity Distribution Plc (EEDC) has disclosed that it emerged the overall ďŹ rst position in the 2018 cumulative Nigerian Electricity Management Services Agency (NEMSA) Safety ranking. In a statement by its Communications Manager, Emeka Ezeh, the award was a testament of sustainable safety practices which EEDC had consciously and consistently instilled in its staďŹ€ and customers through various training and enlightenment programs. NEMSA is an agency of government responsible for ensuring safety of lives and property in the Nigerian Electricity Supply Industry (NESI). EEDC moved from the ďŹ fth position which it occupied in the 2016 ranking to ďŹ rst position in the 2017 ranking and has retained the ďŹ rst position in the 2018 ranking. The result of the ranking was released in a presentation by the Managing Director/CEO, NEMSA and Chief Electrical Inspector of the Federation, Peter O. Esewor. It was gathered from the report that in the course of the year under review, EEDC maintained ďŹ rst position in eight out of 12 months. This, according to the statement, underscored conscious eďŹ€orts by management of the EEDC in ensuring that safety rules were strictly adhered to. The criteria used for the ranking ranged from fatalities (that is the number of deaths within the network), major injuries as well as network resolved.

StarTimes Launches Product

StarTimes has unveiled its latest product, the newest generation of television set, StarTimes Smart TV. Available in two sizes, 50 and 55 inches, StarTimes SmartTVoďŹ€ers the highest quality of pictures and sound, 4K Ultra HD and Dolby Surround to give viewers an immersive experience. 4K Ultra HD resolution is having four times as many pixels as HD which completely changes the level of visual detail and clarity weâ€™ve come to expect from TV screens. Whereas traditional HD is limited to 1920 vertical columns and 1080 horizontal rows of pixels, the 4K Ultra HD has a total resolution of 3840 pixels by 2160 â€“ a slightly smaller resolution than the 4,096 x 2,160 resolution seen on cinema screens. StarTimes Smart TV also connects to online streaming, videos, games, music and much more. EquippedwithBluetoothport,Ethernetportandbuilt-inWi-Fi,StarTimes SmartTVis able to connect Internet from anywhere in the house.This connection is used to stream television shows and movies as well to browse internet. The Smart TV comes with more than 100 popular applications, including YouTube, Deezer orTED. It oďŹ€ers also a series of free video games for adult or children. With built-in DTTand SatelliteTV(DTH) access, as well as Internet TVand over-the-top content (OTT), no need to buy a decoder anymore to access hundreds of channels and unlimited Internet content.

â€œThe second part of the year would witness high tempo of economic activities including increased demand for credit facilities by the businesses and consumers. Banks will certainly respond positively to the demand in order to post profit, given my projection that it would become more attractive than fixed income tradingâ€?

President, Risk Management Association of Nigeria,

Mr. Magnus Nnoka

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BUSINESSWORLD NEITI: FUNDS FROM OUTDATED OIL PSCS MAY FUND MAMBILLA PLANT, OTHERS

(when real oil prices exceeded $20 per barrel); and secondly on 1st January 2008 (15 years from 1st January 1993).â€? On the peculiarity of the PSCs in Nigeria, it explained: â€œThe Nigerian oil sector has a peculiar feature of PSCs which is not found anywhere else in the world. There are some cases, where the PSCs are referred to as Production Sharing Agreements (PSAs). For these PSAs, there is no provision for profit sharing with the government; the oil company takes all profit after payment of taxes.â€? It noted that this leads to a sub-optimal situation for the country, as potential revenues were lost as a result of the companies not sharing profit oil with government. â€œSuch a situation exists for OPL 245 (Malabu), where the latest fiscal terms for the block emanating from the 2011 resolution agreement signed in 2012 provided for a production sharing arrangement for profit sharing between Shell and Eni, but the Nigerian government is completely left out of profit sharing. REPORT: NIGERIA SPENT N4TR ON IMPORTATION OF MINERAL PRODUCTS IN 2018

products accounted for 11.8 per cent of Nigeriaâ€™s total exports earnings in 2018. It stated that: â€œAlthough the value of non-oil exports increased significantly by 89.2 per cent to N1.2 trillion, its share in total exports rose slightly to 6.2 per cent from 4.6 per cent in 2017, due to the larger weight of crude export.â€? â€œOn overall export Nigeria recorded significant improvement in external trade as the value of total trade (imports + exports) increased by 39 per cent from N23.2 trillion in 2017 to N32.3 trillion in 2018, according to data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS),â€? it added. According to the NESG, growth in total trade was driven by exports, which increased by 40.5 per cent in 2018 to N19.1 trillion, accounting for 59 per cent to total trade in the period.

NEWS

Protect Vulnerable Sectors of the Economy, LCCI Urges FG Jonathan Eze The President, Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry, (LCCI), Mr. Babatunde Ruwase, has advised the federal government to ensure appropriate measures are put in place to protect vulnerable sectors of the economy and to ensure that there is effective enforcement of the rules of origin. According to the chamber, the economy has been characterised by uncertainty which had affected investor confidence in the country and have caused a deceleration in the tempo of economic activities. He noted that the apprehension of investors about the possible outcomes of the electioneering process as well as the electoral campaigns in the country had become worrisome to economic managers and business operators in the country. Ruwase, made the disclosure in Lagos at a press briefing organised by the chamber in Lagos, recently. Commenting on the countryâ€™s visa policy, Ruwase said the policy should be more liberal. â€œWe should grant nationals of selected advanced economies visa free entry into Nigeria for a maximum of 30 days,â€? he said. This, he said was the practice in many of the emerging economies, saying such economies have

benefitted tremendously from the policy, which according to him, impacts on the FDI, hospitality and tourism industry. Ruwase, noted that the series of Executive Orders focused on promoting the ease of doing business were impacting positively on growth in the business environment. He requested that the PEBEC secretariat should be further strengthened and the scope of its activi-

ties broadened to cover all sectors of the economy and all agencies of government that interface with the private sector, â€œWe believe that the economy will be positively impacted if this is done.â€? On state of power in the country, Ruwase said efforts made by government to improve liquidity in the power supply chain caused the drastic reduction in the debt owed to gas suppliers and the generating companies, improvement in power

generation, and the enhancement of carrying capacity of the transmission grid. He further stated that the power situations continue to pose challenges to business operators and that there have been complaints across all sectors about high energy cost especially high expenditure on diesel. Ruwase, further maintained that the situation had worsened with the increase in global crude oil price. â€œMany businesses spend

as much as 20 to 30 per cent of their total operating cost on generating power to run their businesses. We propose that policies and incentives be put in place to encourage decentralisation and more off grid solutions. â€œThe government should encourage and facilitate more off grid power generation for improved access to power. The Aba and Sura market power initiatives should be widely replicated across the economy,â€? he added.

ECONOMIC REVIEW

L-R: President, RIMAN / CRO Coronation Merchant Bank, Mr. Magnus Nnoka; Associate Executive Director Corporate Development FMDQ, Ms. Kaodi Ugoji; Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer, Dreadnought Capital Mr. Allan Ralph Thompson and Vice President, Market Architecture, FMDQ, Ms. Jumoke Olaniyan, at Risk Management Association of Nigeriaâ€™s (RIMAN) first quarter 2019 risk round table held in Lagosâ€Śrecently

Nigerian Appointed to Drive American Firmâ€™s Expansion Chineme Okafor in Abuja American Multinational Corporation, the second largest chemical manufacturer in the world by revenue, has indicated its intention to expand its operations into the West African region through Nigeria. The company, to this end, has announced its appointment of a Nigerian, Mr. Edosa Obayagbona, to head its operations and the expansion drive, as its Managing Director for West African region. According to a statement,

the firm stated that it would build on its success in Nigeria over the last six years to expand into the region and expects Obayagbona to lead the organisation through the next level of growth in the region. It explained that West Africa was key to its African growth ambition which was anchored by the strong economic potential; increasing regional economic integration; government-led drive for diversification; high access to mobile technology and a young, entrepreneurial demographic.

It added that these have potential to spark an accelerated industrial revolution and support the growth trajectory of the region with scientific and technological expertise, as well as talent development in line with the regionâ€™s vision for infrastructure development and economic success. It explained with regards to the aspirations for the region, that it could deliver value to its economic diversification; manufacturing growth; technology; and food and energy security. Obayagbona was previously the Chief Financial Officer

(CFO) for Dow Chemicalâ€™s India Subcontinent Region, and would replace Tony Groosman who retired earlier this year. In this expanded role, it added that Obayagbona, would also serve as the CFO and oversee all financial matters in Sub Sahara Africa for Dow Chemical, adding that he has more than 20 years of global experience in the job, starting out from being a summer intern in 1999 at Dow. â€œObayagbona subsequently held various roles in risk management in Dowâ€™s Corporate Treasury function before

leaving for Koch Industries in October 2005. While at Koch Industries, Mr. Obayagbona held various global leadership roles in risk management, corporate finance, business continuity planning, and corporate real estate. â€œObayagbona rejoined Dow in November 2013, and held roles in venture capital, private equity and corporate real estate within Dowâ€™s portfolio investments group before he was named as finance director for the Dow India Subcontinent region in January 2016,â€? it said.

Expert Seeks Conducive Environment for Waste Business Jonathan Eze Group Business Editor

Obinna Chima

Capital Market Editor

Goddy Egene

AgriBusiness/Industry Editor

Jonathan Eze

Comms/e-Business Editor

Emma Okonji

Senior Correspondent

Raheem Akingbolu (Advertising) Correspondents

Chinedu Eze (Aviation) Linda Eroke (Labour) Eromosele Abiodun (Cap Mkt) Ejiofor Alike (Energy) James Emejo (Nationâ€™s Capital) Chineme Okafor (Energy) Ebere Nworji (Insurance) Reporters

Nume Ekeghe (Money Market) Nosa Alekhuogie (e-Business

The Executive Director of Lexsz Plastics Limited, Olufemi Akowe, has appealed to the state and federal government to create a conducive business environment that will enable business activities flourish. He also called on stakeholders to double up their efforts in ensuring that waste to wealth recycling of plastics and environmental waste are economically utilised. Addressing a press conference in Lagos, Akowe said his waste management company was committed to unlocking

the economic potential in recycling plastic waste in the country by developing a robust partnership with private sector operators involved in packing and clearing domestic wastes from dumpsites, cities and villages. He maintained that economic wastes recycled could also be sourced as local content by the manufacturing sector with the economic boost of backward integration. Akowe, revealed that Lexsz, in its eight years of production had taken the lead in waste to wealth management by empowering public and

private sector operators in clearing waste in the environment which are later bought and paid for by the company as raw materials. Specifically, he noted that the company was building an expansionist market economy that would encourage businesses to thrive and to be competitive. He added that Ogun State, where the company is based, offers a broad range of features that serve the numerous recycling sites in the surrounding area, stressing that, the company has over 400 local workers. He added: â€˜â€™We rely on

individuals who go round the cities and towns picking waste and later sold to us. We also help the governments in some south-west states to clear the state dump sites and even pay their agencies.â€? â€œWe generate our own electricity through gas turbines from the NNPC and we have not only produced successful start-ups businesses in waste collections, but we have been critical stakeholders to Lagos State LAWMA, Ogun State Environmental Agency as well as Osun State. â€œWe pay taxes both to the federal and state government without any default on our

part and very soon we shall be expanding the scope of our business to focus on other areas. â€œThe growth and development of Nigerian plastic is our concern and we are ready to invest in the market with a view to becoming the market leader. We believe very strongly in the growth of the Nigerian market and we are poised to take due advantage of the potential in this market. â€œWith four production lines refining and processing, Lexsz is a leader in the entire West Africa largest recycling enterprise,â€? he explained.

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BUSINESSWORLD

ENERGY

Raising Power Transmission Capacity Documents obtained from the Transmission Company of Nigeria showed that the government-owned power company has within the last two years raised its transmission capacity by about 2,352.5 megawatts. Chineme Okafor, writes the implications of this feat to Nigeriaâ€™s power sector Until recently, the Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) was frequently ridiculed as the feeblest link in Nigeriaâ€™s privatised electricity market by key stakeholders in the market. From the power generation companies (Gencos) who complained bitterly about reported inability of the TCN to take all the power they produced, to the electricity distribution companies (Discos) who pointed at the TCN for most things that go wrong with their delivery of electricity services to Nigerians, the TCN became a common whipping dog for the sector and needed to adjust its operations and services quickly. However, with the expiration of the management contract, the government had with Canadian power firm â€“ Manitoba Hydro International, and subsequent appointment of a new head for TCN, Mr. Usman Mohammed, who was reportedly recruited from the African Development Bank (AfDB), the company somewhat turned the corners on its operation. Although stakeholders doubted the claims of the TCN that it had begun to upgrade the national grid through a scheme â€“ the Transmission Rehabilitation and Expansion Programme (TREP) - initiated to help it expand its wheeling capacity to 20,000MW by 2021, using funds from the federal budget; donor and multilateral funding agencies, THISDAY however obtained from it documents which suggested it had upgraded and installed transmission equipment that have raised its capacity by 2,352.5MW between 2017 and early 2019. Grid expansion efforts From the documents, it was gathered that in 2017, the TCN added 80 mega volt amp (MVA) to its existing 180MVA high-end transmission substation located in Benin South, and from which 64MW of electricity was added to what it can deliver to the Benin; another 100MVA was added to its sub-station in Alimosho part of Lagos to upgrade it to 230MVA and add 80MW to what it can supply to Eko Disco; 60MVA was equally added an existing 160MVA substation in Ajah to upgrade its capacity to 220MVA and supply to Eko Disco by 48MW. Also, in Ejigbo, it said it would complete the addition of 100MVA to an 130MVA to raise the capacity of the substation to 230MVA and supply to Ikeja Disco by 32MW. Going further, the documents disclosed that a 60MVA transformer capacity was added to an existing 37.5MVA capacity substation in Funtua to raise its overall capacity to 97.5MVA and supply to Kano Disco by 48MW; 40MVA added to a 100MVA substation in Zaria to raise capacity to 140MVA and supply to Kaduna Disco by 32MW; 60MVA to a 45MVA substation in Oji River to upgrade its capacity to 105MVA and supply to Enugu Disco by 48MW; 40MVA to a 28MVA substation in Mayo Belwa to raise its capacity to 68MVA and supply to Yola Disco by 32MW; as well as a new 120MVA installed at Kukwaba area of Abuja to add 96MW to the amount of electricity it can supply to Abuja Disco. Also, in the Afam area of Rivers, it reportedly installed a 150MVA transformer to add 120MW of electricity to its volume to Port Harcourt Disco; 60MVA to upgrade Hadejia sub-station to 82.5MVA and supply to Kaduna Disco; 40MVA mobile transformer in Damboa part of Bornu; 60MVA to upgrade Keffi substation to 90MVA and improve supply to Abuja Disco by 48MW; 120MVA installed in Katampe part of Abuja to raise supply to the Disco by 80MW; 60MVA added to raise the capacity of Uyo substation to 180MVA as well as supplies to Port Harcourt Disco; 40MVA in Umuahia to raise existing capacity to 120MVA and supply by 96MW; 60MVA added to Aba to raise supply by 48MW; as well as 100MVA added to Apo in Abuja to raise supply to the Disco by 80MW. Continuing in Gombe, the TCN also said it added 30MVA, as well as 60MVA in Bauchi. In Bida area of Niger, it said it added 60MVA to raise supply to Abuja Disco by 48MW; while in Suleja and Abeokuta, it added 120MVA and 60MVA to raise supply by 96MW respectively.

Again, it revealed that it upgraded the capacity of the Molai to 210MVA and supply to Yola Disco by 120MW; Illashe to 130MVA and 24MW; Awka to 60MVA and 16.5MW; while Mando to 690MVA and 552MW; just as a greenfield transmission substation was built at New Kano with a capacity of 420MVA and additional 336MW for Kano Disco to take to consumers under its network. Impacts on electricity market Speaking to THISDAY on how the upgrade in its transmission systems have impacted the countryâ€™s electricity market, the General Manager, Public Affairs of TCN, Mrs. Ndidi Mbah, told THISDAY that the wheeling capacity of the company has been upgraded by 2600MW between 2016 and 2018, indicating a 47 per cent increase. â€œThe current management of TCN has in the last two years commissioned several transmission substations and over 40 power transformers. TCNâ€™s wheeling capacity has therefore risen from 5500MW in 2016 to 8100MW as at October 2018 and rising. Power supply has comparatively improved tremendously nationwide,â€? said Mbah. She explained that collaboration between TCN and Gencos also resulted in the activation of a â€˜free governor mechanismâ€™ in power generating units to stabilise system frequency within 49.5 and 50.5 hertz (Hz), adding that it was expected that the system frequency would be further stabilised at 49.8 and 50.2Hz to enable the synchronisation of Nigeriaâ€™s electricity sytems with that of other West African countries operating within the West African Power Pool (WAPP) framework. This,

The current management of TCN has in the last two years commissioned several transmission substations and over 40 power transformers. TCNâ€™s wheeling capacity has therefore risen from 5500MW in 2016 to 8100MW as at October 2018 and rising. Power supply has comparatively improved tremendously nationwide

she added would then allow for a free-flow of energy trading between Nigeria and the WAPP countries. According to her, the TREP was initiated with standard practice in mind to rehabilitate and expand Nigeriaâ€™s transmission infrastructure through massive investments. She noted: â€œThe current management has completed the audit of TCNâ€™s accounts for 2015, 2016 and 2017 which has put TCN in a creditable position to attract and obtain investments from multilateral agencies. â€œIt has delivered a 20-year transmission masterplan to guide future developments in all three major sectors of the power sector value chain â€“ generation; transmission and distribution. The masterplan seeks to grow power supply in Nigeria to 28,000MW by 2035.â€? To best understand why the electricity sector has had limited capacity upgrade in the past, especially with regards to deployment of needed infrastructure, Mbah, explained that TCN conducted a study to discover it has several power equipment stranded in containers at various ports in Nigeria, adding that through the governmentâ€™s approval of some waivers and actual payments, it has however been able to retrieve and evacuate 708 units of 810 of such stranded containers to their project sites for project completion. She further stated that the company even upgraded its in-house engineering and technical ability and that its engineers are now deployed to complete several non-performing contracts that were cancelled. â€œThe projects were completed by in-house TCN engineers at below 15 per cent of the initial contract sums,â€? she said, while disclosing that periodic training of staff have also been restored to the company. Further, she said the procurement of adequate spinning reserve which ideally should be 10 per cent of existing power generation level, has also been initiated by the TCN. â€œCurrent spinning reserve is zero or 40MW. A properly administered power system should have 10 per cent spinning reserve as buffer for emergency deployment, to support the grid in case of shut-ins from existing generators,â€? Mbah, stated. To realise its target of a reliable grid, she said the TCN also initiated the process for the acquisition of functional Supervisory Control and Data Administration (SCADA) system for the grid which will enable the System Operator (SO) in the national control centers exchange operational information regarding the grid on real time bases with other operators in all substations in the country. â€œThis would also boost energy accountability, energy audit and transparency,â€? she explained, while adding that transmission projects of its non-performing contractors had been taken over and completed by its in-house engineers.

Reports of Discosâ€™ sabotage Notwithstanding its reported achievements, the TCN however alleged that the Discos have largely sabotaged its works, especially with regards to poor investments in distribution infrastructure amongst the Discos. In fact, if left to linger longer, Mohammed, told THISDAY during a recent tour of TCNâ€™s facilities in Abuja that the poor funding of electricity networks of the 11 Discos may eventually derail the targets of TREP. Mohammed, explained the TCN has continued to record frequent breakdown of its expensive transformers on account of the poor networks operated by the Discos. According to him, the Discosâ€™ have remained reluctant to fund their networks and this was affecting TCNâ€™s transmission equipment. He said five of TCNâ€™s high-end transformers worth $10 million had been lost to this in the last couple of months, adding that more of such transformers could be lost including new ones installed under the TREP. Mohammed, lamented that while the TCN has embarked on an investment drive using the TREP to upgrade the capacity and reliability of Nigeriaâ€™s national grid, the Discos have not invested in the upgrade of their networks. The Discos, Mohammed alleged have refused to invest in distribution equipment, and rather take power directly from the TCN to consumers in their networks. He further noted that while the Discos connect consumers under their networks directly from TCNâ€™s facilities thus exposing the facilities to dangers of potential breakdown, only 421 out of 731 connection interface the TCN currently has with the Discos are fully protected, thus leaving TCNâ€™s transmission equipment in the remaining 310 unprotected interfaces vulnerable to breakdowns. â€œLet me tell you why we are having failed transformers: the distribution companies are not investing in their networks and most of the transformer you see here are supplying the customers of the distribution companies directly and there is no protection between our equipment and that of distribution companies and if there is a fault, it hit our transformer directly. â€œThat is why we are having these kinds of transformer failures and are calling on the government to provide policy that will lead to the capitalisation of the Discos, as well as on NERC to do a regulatory order that will lead to this capitalisation,â€? said Mohammed. He stated: â€œOut of the 731 interface between us and the Discos, only 421 are fully protected, the rest arenâ€™t and those that are not fully protected are where we lose our transformers. â€œBetween us and the Discos, there is supposed to be injection substation where they will also have their own protection, and on our side we will have protection that will isolate these substations from the main grid.â€? â€œEvery transformer is very expensive, to import a transformer and install it is close to about $2 million and when you lose $2 million, you know what it means. We donâ€™t want this to continue that is why we are calling for a policy that will stop it. We have lost two in Benin, we have lost two in Abuja, we have lost one in Onitsha, and that is five. If this continues, then we are going to lose many. â€œLet me also tell you that we are expanding the grid, and if investment does not come into the Discos, it means that even the expansion we are doing, we are going to also have the same problem. If you look at Abuja now, we have already signed contract to build two new 330kV substation in Abuja, currently we have only two and we are building additional two. â€œWe are also building three 132kV substation, adding to the five we have in Abuja. So, all those ones that are coming, if the existing ones are not protected, the new ones that are coming definitely will not be protected, and that is why we need massive investments on the sides of the Discos,â€? he explained of the danger to the TREP.

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Ahmed: FG Must Implement Policies to Improve Income of The President of the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria, Engr. Mansur Ahmed, who was elected last October, in this interview with Jonathan Eze, identifies challenges affecting the countryâ€™s manufacturing sector and measures government can adopt to increase the contribution of manufacturers to the Gross Domestic Product What should member-companies be looking out for during your tenure as President of the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN)? Today, as you are aware, the manufacturing sector is contributing less than nine per cent of the Nationâ€™s Gross Domestic Products (GDP). That is not good enough. In countries that are even less developed than Nigeria, we have seen higher rates of contribution by the manufacturing sector and at any rate, for any country to be regarded as industrialised, the manufacturing sector being the productive sector that produces the goods that generate value and wealth, must be contributing significantly to the growth of the economy. For instance, in many of our peer countries; Malaysia, Indonesia, Brazil, South Africa, you see manufacturing sector contributing something in the range of 30 per cent of their GDP. But here we are contributing less than nine per cent. So, clearly, we have a long way to go to raise the level of contribution of the sector to the GDP. Part of the contribution comes from, not only the scope or depth of the sector, but also from the operational efficiency of the productivity, that is the capacity utilisation. Consequently, we need to make sure that we eliminate those things that on a day to day basis tend to impede the operations of members and therefore reduce their capacity utilisation. Therefore, under my administration, members should expect expansion of the sectors, that is bringing more manufacturers into the fold and ensuring that sectoral groups are made vibrant. We have about ten sectoral groups, but if you look at the relative contributions you will observe that not more than four or five sectoral groups are responsible for most of the contribution of the manufacturing sector to the economy and for most of the employment as well. The textile sector used to be very vibrant, but it has declined significantly. So, we must broaden the sector to ensure that sectors that are not adequately functioning are restored to good health. In leather and footwear there is tremendous capacity but today it is not being fully exploited, we are stopping at the production of wet leather. Value addition is the key to success in manufacturing, for instance, if you take the process from hide to finished leather and compare the value that is added from that finished leather to a pair of womenâ€™s handbags, the difference is huge. Hence, there is need to deepen the sectors. The same scenario is applicable to food processing; you produce cocoa, turn it into cocoa butter and you export it, what you get from that cocoa butter and they convert it into chocolates, for the same quantity of cocoa butter the manufacturers of chocolate will make literally a thousand times more than you do. One of my goals is to work with the National Council and Government to ensure that we continue to grow the manufacturing sector both in depths and scope through increase in value addition and thereby better the contribution of the manufacturing sector to the GDP. There is also, the need to constantly improve on the technology of our manufacturers particularly today with growth in technology. It is not enough to have a factory you must also watch what technology is doing to that factory, if you donâ€™t update your technology very soon your processes will become obsolete and therefore your products will not be competitive. To state specifically, these are some of the issues my administration hopes to bring to bear, this means of course we have two responsibilities which include: to make sure that the economic policies the Government put in place are policies that will enable us achieve our goal; and also, we ourselves must be willing to take advantage of policies, creating the right interface between sectors and the policy makers

at lower cost or lower interest rate and on a longer-term basis because investments in manufacturing is on a long-term basis. So long term funding is important. It is indeed lack of long-term funding that also tends to keep our industries small and at tertiary levels.

Ahmed in government and ensuring that there is some level of understanding. What policies do you consider paramount to catalyse industrial growth? First, we must consider what policies will make this vision feasible. When you are manufacturing, the first step is making an investment, so you want to look at the conditions that will make that investments worthwhile. The investment climate is key, and I think we all know this over the years. This government has been working on improving the business environment as there have been several initiatives to improve the investments climate and thereby making investments and businesses easier for investors. The second are policies governing the development of infrastructure because as manufacturers depend on basic infrastructures such as electricity, water, transportation etc. the poorer the infrastructure, the higher the cost at which they can produce and deliver products to the market. So, building infrastructure is one of the most critical responsibilities of the government for industries as a whole to be more competitive. The third is improving the spending power of the ordinary people because the higher the spending power, the more demand for products. So, putting more money in the pocket of ordinary Nigerian clearly creates more market for the manufacturers. Policies that help improve the income of the ordinary person is very important. The fourth is policy against trade malpractices, such practices undermine the market and part of our major task is to ensure that government continues to make laws and regulations that discourage these practices particularly smuggling, counterfeiting and dumping. There is also the issue of finance. One major constraints of the manufacturing sector in Nigeria is that the cost of financing which is very high. For instance, if you borrow funds to invest at 20 per cent interest rate, you must make more than 20 per cent for that investment to yield benefit. In other countries, it is less than 10 per cent interest rate for investments, this means that you will have problem competing with manufacturers from those countries. Cost of financing is very important and we must continue to work with Government to encourage the financial systems to continue to bring down cost of finance. Again, given our current status in the manufacturing sector where a huge amount of manufacturing resources is spent importing inputs such as raw materials, spare parts, components, machinery etc, another area

that is important to the manufacturing sector is the foreign exchange not only in terms of rate but whether it is steady or fluctuating. As much as possible we want a competitive foreign exchange rate and also to remain reasonably stable, if it fluctuates it makes it difficult for you to plan your operations. Manufacturers have constantly clamored for a strong campaign against smuggling and counterfeiting. What strategies would you recommend to government to curb the menace? We are already engaging government on this; there are initiatives that have been started under President Muhammadu Buhariâ€™s administration which tries to focus on taking necessary measures to discourage all these malpractices. I think that one thing is having the regulations and policies; the other is making sure that people who are engaging in these things are identified and dealt with according to the law. Therefore, the implementation of the regulation is key. We have been pushing and working with the key regulators that are involved in ending these malpractices such as the Customs Services, NAFDAC, SON, and will continue to work with all these regulatory agencies to ensure that the regulations put in place are effectively implemented. I also believe that we have our own responsibility as manufacturers; our members ought to know that you canâ€™t eat your cake and have it so we must ensure that we donâ€™t get involve in these malpractices. Secondly, we must also be watchful because we are out there in the market and so we know what comes into the market and what goes on and we must therefore help government by ensuring that when we see these malpractices taking place we donâ€™t just fold our hands and say this is not our responsibility, we must take steps to make sure that the culprits are identified and arrested, therefore we must work hand in hand with the government to curb this menace. The cost of funds and lack of long-term loan affect manufacturers, particularly the small and medium scale industries (SMIs) How do you hope to address this concern? The SMIs are very critical to the growth of the manufacturing sector because the more successful they are, the more the larger industries can rely on them to do a lot of the things that they themselves are having to do. This way the value chain will be stronger and will help both the larger and the smaller industries. We will continue to advocate for initiatives that will put more funds in the hands of the SMIs

On the lingering subject of African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AFCFTA), what is your view? Our position is that ultimately trade is good and that there are opportunities for manufacturers to grow if trading is expanded and made easier. However, in the context of the â€˜Continental Free Trade Agreement,â€™ what we have said is that before you go into an agreement you must access your capability to benefit from that expanded trade and your readiness to go into that kind of agreement. I think this is just the fairest thing to ask in any situation like this. Once you know what the opportunities are and what are the risks, then you will know what you need to do to mitigate the risks and to exploit the opportunities and this was what we said at the beginning of the conversation on the African Continental Free Trade Agreement. I think, to some extent, we were misunderstood by people who thought we are saying â€˜No donâ€™t signâ€™, but what we are saying is first understand what the agreement is going to mean in reality to your industry, to your economy, and so on and be prepared to mitigate the risks and to take advantage of the opportunities that arise. This is what we asked for and I think this is what is now clearly being recognised by government when it set up a committee to assess the readiness and to also investigate the pros and cons i.e., the costs and benefits of the agreement. This is important because by the time we clearly understood what we are going into, then we will be in a stronger position to know how to negotiate. Donâ€™t forget, an agreement is something that is negotiable so if you donâ€™t know what your goals are in the negotiation itâ€™s impossible to negotiate effectively and that is what is happening. We are very satisfied with the position government has taken which has provided time for this subject to be properly evaluated and also, necessary information for successful negotiation. How will you rate the current administration with respect to the manufacturing sector? The manufacturing sector has been fragile for quite some time, so you really canâ€™t blame this administration which has just been in the power for three years. The overall economy has been affected by factors which are way beyond this government. The crash of oil price in the international market has tremendously impacted negatively on the economy that its effect spread across every sector particularly the manufacturing sector. I believe that government has tried to some extent to alleviate some of the pains we suffer, such as by creating special windows for manufacturers for forex, setting up of the Presidential Enabling Business Environment Council (PEBEC) and the Industrial Council to monitor what is happening to manufacturing as well as other sectors and recommend what needs to be done to ensure there is improvement. You are aware that as a result of the collapse of the oil price we went into a recession, and although we are out of that recession things are still fragile, the manufacturing sector is still up and down. But we are beginning to see at least in terms of current government decisions possibilities that can help the manufacturing sector to grow but the execution of these policies is very important. As stakeholders, we will continue to monitor this and raise alarm if need be, when things are not being executed when they should. I believe that the position in a nutshell is that yes, the sector is too fragile, and a lot more needs to be done to strengthen it and sustain its growth trajectory.

T H I S D AY Ëž ÍŻÍ°Ëœ Í°ÍŽÍŻÍˇ

BUSINESSWORLD

PERSPECTIVE

So, Nigeria is Now the Highest Rice Producer in Africa? Promise Ating Iâ€™m not sure anyone saw it coming. Yes, we all know thereâ€™s a rice revolution going on in the country in the last three years. We heard plenty of that on the campaign trail before the February 23 presidential election. But many have thought, like me, that it was all campaign stunts. But it became real when Dr Harold Roy-Macauley, the Director-General, Africa Rice Center, Benin Republic, was quoted as saying Nigeria is now the largest rice producer in Africa, overtaking Egypt which had held the title, in the last one year. We now know that Nigeria is the largest rice producer in Africa because it produces four million tonnes out of the Africa average of 14.6 million tonnes of rice annually. Egypt, which Nigeria has edged out of the lead, used to produce 4.3 tonnes annually but suffered a decline of almost 40 per cent in the last one year. The reduction in production was attributed to the Egyptian government decision to limit cultivation to preserve water resources. But while Egyptâ€™s production is on decline, Nigeriaâ€™s has been on the rise in the last three years to reach the current level. The good news in the rice sector may not be surprising to stakeholders already familiar with developments in the nationâ€™s agricultural sector. But for others, it will encourage interest in whatâ€™s going on and how to be part of it. The success in rice production would lead to renewed interest in the partnership between the Ministry of Agriculture and the Central Bank of Nigeria, CBN since 2015. It is a fact that attempts have been made by past governments to recreate agriculture through various schemes such as â€˜â€™Operation Feed the Nationâ€? and the â€˜â€™Green Revolutionâ€? initiative of the Shehu Shagari administration during the second republic, among others. But none of the previous efforts created the desired impact largely due to inadequate financing. This is a gap which has now been closed by the CBN under Godwin Emefiele. In keeping with his promise to run a central bank that would serve the growth and development needs of the country, Emefiele has ensured the CBN becomes a strategic driver of economic growth of the country. The CBN under him has introduced various initiatives for concessionary funding of agriculture, which is widely recognised as the sector that has the potential to drive economic growth. These initiatives and intervention schemes can broadly be classified under sectors of agriculture, manufacturing, micro, small

EmeďŹ ele and medium scale enterprises, power and energy and banking. But nowhere have these interventions yielded more so quickly as in the agriculture sector where rice production has received the most focus. CBN development finance initiatives like the Agricultural Credit Guaranty Scheme, Commercial Agricultural Credit Scheme and Anchor Burrowers programme (ABP), among others have tremendously helped to reposition the agriculture sector in the country. The ABP, one of the initiatives of the CBN which has made very positive impact, was launched by President Muhammadu Buhari on November 17, 2015 to create a linkage between anchor companies involved in the processing and small holder farmers of the required key agricultural commodities. The programme has focused primarily on rice production. The thrust of the ABP is the provision of farm inputs in kind and cash (for farm

Ecobank Nigeria Unveils Initiative for Female Entrepreneurs Nume Ekeghe Ecobank Nigeria has unveiled an initiative for female entrepreneurs. The initiative was designed to recognise women as special and unique customers who require tailor-made service offerings. The concept is designed to provide women with the necessary support to help them excel in their endeavours, promote and grow their businesses and generally position them for increased participation, validation and contribution within the society. Unveiling the initiative at the bankâ€™s head office in Lagos, Managing Director, Patrick Akinwuntan, was quoted in a statement to have said: â€œincreasingly, we are seeing the change in the attitudes of women, and their economic viability as individuals and leaders in their fields. Their banking and financial services as a whole, therefore present

vast opportunities, if properly understood and managed.â€? According to him, the launch is a charge to the society in line with the theme of the International Womenâ€™s Day 2019, to challenge the status quo and strive for a balance by empowering females in their immediate environments and subsequently, on a macro level. â€œOur female customers will become our flagship ambassadors and we have created this platform for them in line with the sustainability requirements of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). These women will be provided with free health checks, training and empowerment sessions and other support tools from Ecobank. The Ecobank Female Entrepreneurs Initiative aims at empowering women by helping them build capacity to grow their businesses.â€? Some of the benefits include access to credit facilities with little or no collateral, network

opportunities across Africa, financial advisory services, wealth management resources and loyalty schemes. Also speaking, Executive Director, Commercial Banking, Mrs. Carol Oyedeji, stated that Ecobank as a Group, was proud to join the rest of the world to commemorate the International Womenâ€™s Day 2019. For her, this yearâ€™s theme leaves no one in doubt as to the dire need to raise more awareness that gender balance is not a womenâ€™s issue but a human issue that must be tackled for us to have a better society and that it should not be mistaken for a battle between the sexes. She called on all in the corporate world to join hands to ensure that â€œour women attain their full potential in all areas of society, including the workplace, which is vital for our communities and economies to thrive. A balanced world is a better world.â€?

labour) to small holder farmers to boost production of these commodities, stabilise inputs supply to agro processors and address the countryâ€™s negative balance of payments on food. The objective is to boost agricultural production and non-oil exports in the face of unpredictable crude oil prices and its resultant effect on the revenue profile of Nigeria. The programme empowered rice farmers and processors in the country and resulted in a significant boost in rice production in the country. Statistics from the CBN indicate that the ABP has added two million metric tons to rice supply in the country and created 500,000 jobs. This is clearly a revolution in rice production in the country which succinctly confirms that agriculture financing is key to a faster growth of the economy. There is no other sector of the economy that had employed similar number of people within the same period. But that is not to say we are where we should be; it is

just an acknowledgement of the mileage covered. But the road to self-sufficiency in food production still stretches further. Reports show that Nigeria is still an importer of rice, despite the laudable progress made. The volume of rice importation into Nigeria has declined drastically, but weâ€™re still insufficient in rice production. export figures obtained from India and Thailand, which are dominant rice exporters to Nigeria, indicate that as at September, the latter had so far exported about 5,161 metric tonnes of rice to Nigeria, while the former sold only a paltry 426 tonnes as at July 2018.It is a long walk away from the over 400,000 metric tons of rice previously imported into the country. As Roy- Macauley said, the African rice value chain needs to be better integrated and be capable of competing with imported rice in terms of quality. He stressed that the goal to achieving rice self- sufficiency is not just about on farm assistance but also involves introducing rice varieties that fit the diverse African agro-ecologies, improve irrigation facilities and disseminate rice growing techniques to farmers. The CBN and the Ministry of Agriculture must continue this partnership and sustain the various initiatives to reposition the entire agric sector. The efforts that created the rice revolution must be extended to other agriculture commodities if Nigeria is to achieve self-sufficiency in food production. These targeted schemes and programmes for the real sector development also have potentials for employment generation, wealth creation and poverty reduction. It has been noted that a nation can hardly sustain its economic growth without a strong agricultural base and the reasons are obvious. Agriculture provides food, raw materials and employment and it is bandied that agriculture is the largest provider of employment, and it is estimated that more than 65 per cent of industries and business activities are supported by agriculture at primary and secondary levels. Agriculture is also important in international trade; it helps to reduce balance of trade, reduce import, increase export, generate foreign exchange, impacts transportation, help to improve standard of living of the people. Many advanced economies developed on the back of agriculture. Emefiele must remain focused on his mission at the CBN. Although his tenure, which is renewable, expires June this year, what he started must not be allowed to fizzle out. It is critical that we sustain the momentum. Ating wrote in from Abuja

Accion MFB Provides Medical Insurance for Widows As part of activities to mark the International Women Day (IWD), Accion Microfinance Bank Limited in its social impact programme provided insurance medical cover of N1million each for 10 of customers who are widows. The initiative was aimed at supporting the widows by taking off the burden for meeting medical bills in order to focus on further growing their businesses and improving quality of life for their families. Speaking at the event, the Managing Director, Accion Microfinance Bank Limited, Taiwo Joda, noted that the bank considered what could be done to positively impact on the course of women. He also noted that in line with the theme of the IWD: â€˜Balance for Better,â€™ the bank decided to empower widows who had shown determination and resilience to survive amidst some contending and contrast-

ing cultures across Nigeria. â€œWe have also significantly considered what we can do to impact positively on the course of women. The theme for this year is balance for better. What we have done is to look inwards and see how we can further empower our customers. â€œThe management decided that for this yearâ€™s international women day, we want to focus on widows. We are focusing on widows because we understand the determination and resilience that needs to go into it to survive amidst some contending and contrasting cultures across Nigeria,â€? he noted. He reiterated that the desire to empower the widows was due to the long standing relationship the bank has with some of them which spanned between 10 to 11 years, adding that family responsibilities puts pressure on their health. â€œWe want to recognise

them and say that Accion Microfinance Bank will also be there to support them,â€? Joda said. He added: â€œSecondly, we will give them an insurance cover for their health and the insurance limit for each other of them is N1 million. So we are giving them an insurance cover, they will have free access to medical care, and this covers significant arrays of medical treatment that they will need. â€œThey will also be given cards where they can take to any hospital and they will be treated for free. For the 10 beneficiaries being given the insurance cover, we looked at the performance history of their loans, what is noteworthy here is that despite the challenges these women would have faced. They have been very consistent in the repairmen of their loans. They have never defaulted in the repairmen of their loans over the years.

T H I S D AY ˾ TUESDAY MARCH 12, 2019

PROPERTY & ENVIRONMENT AfDB Initiates Private Sector Capacity Building for Climate Change, Green Growth Projects Bennett Oghifo

enya is becoming a green e c o n o m y, according to stakeholders that attended a capacity building workshop for climate change and green growth projects in that East African country, recently. The two-day workshop, which held at Nairobi’s Crowne Plaza Hotel, brought together representatives from government and private sector. Their mandate was to explore the investment

and growth opportunities developing from the country’s climate change and green growth initiatives, said the African Development Bank, which organised the workshop. The African Development Bank challenged private sector representatives in Kenya to take the initiative in driving the country’s economic growth and development. The Bank seeks to increase investment in climate change adaptation and mitigation, and raise awareness of how the private sector can take advantage of this invest-

ment for climate action in Kenya. It also promotes a better understanding of climate finance opportunities and of how private sector can tap into them. These underlie the key objectives of the workshop to build capacity on bankable project preparation through practical technical support. “Private sector participation will be critical if Kenya is to bridge the huge financing gap to realise the climate change and green growth targets. This is because the private sector accounts for

a greater proportion of transactions with implications for climate change in Kenya,” reiterated Nnenna Nwabufo, the Bank’s Deputy DirectorGeneral for East Africa. Representatives are also calling for more sustainable production to ease pressure on the country’s natural resources. The Central Bank Governor, Dr. Patrick Njoroge, who gave the keynote address, called on the country to leverage its strength in attracting funding for green projects. According to Njoroge, “Kenya is the largest economy in East

Africa, and we are ahead of our peers. We have an advanced domestic debt market, which I believe is important in strengthening the green bonds market”. Mr. Stephen King’uyu, a senior official from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, highlighted government efforts in making this initiative a success. “Broadly, the government is creating an enabling environment, which could cut across different sectors, such as energy among others”, says King’uyu. For their part, private

sector representatives called for incentives to enable them to participate more in green growth projects. The Kenya Association of Manufacturers (KAM), which has so far carried out over 1000 energy audits, says incentives will spur further growth while attracting firms. “One of the areas in which we still think there is room for growth is energy policy, to put in place feed-in-tariffs to encourage investment in this area, “ said Ms. Phyllis Wakiaga, CEO of KAM.

UN Leads New United Push on Green Tech Solutions The UN, tech giants, and the policy, finance and science communities today teamed up to launch major new pushes on using cutting-edge technology to create cleaner, greener and more efficient solutions to sustainable development. Key figures from these sectors are joining civil society representatives in Nairobi at the second UN Science-Policy-Business Forum on the Environment, meeting for three days in advance of the fourth UN Environment Assembly. The goal of the Forum is to unite influential

organizations and individuals from different sectors in the common goal of using the environment sustainably for the benefit of all. This year, the Forum sees the launch of two major initiatives: the first international Working Group on Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Convergence and the Green Technology Startup Hub. “There is no doubt that rapid technological advancement played a major part in the troubles we face,” said Joyce Msuya, Acting Executive Director of UN Environment.

“But it is that technology – through humanity’s ability to invent and innovate – that can help to save us. The Fourth Industrial Revolution offers a real opportunity to create cleaner, greener and more efficient solutions to sustainable development.” The working group aims to build an open-source platform for big data on the environment, and to explore new spaces in Artificial Intelligence and machine learning. It unites tech giants, Earth Observation institutions, the science and policy communities, green tech

start-ups, citizen scientists and the worlds of finance and industry. “We can’t ensure implementation of the 2030 Agenda without concrete data, which allows us to identify opportunities, ensure evidence-based decision making, direct investment and track progress,” said Siim Kiisler, President of the Assembly and Minister of Environment for Estonia. “I am confident that we will make immense progress.” The Green Technology Startup Hub, meanwhile, will act as an accelerator

and incubator of start-up innovation for the environment, as it examines the enabling policies and actions required to use such innovation to transform the world into greener and more sustainable living. Startups are not only transforming markets and economic growth, some are helping to save the planet. Venture capital investment in startups has surged to its highest level ever – $148 billion last year alone. More than 40 Venture Capital-backed companies have achieved billion-dollar valuations

Other new work areas under the Forum will cover sustainable cities and food systems, and private sector leadership on climate change. Potential solutions under consideration include electric mobility and new green building designs, which can maximize efficient use of natural resources and encourage environmentally sound choices. These technologies are critical to our planet’s future, bearing in mind that an estimated 70 per cent of the human population will live in cities by 2050.

Business Begins at Remodeled Maitama Ultra-modern Market, Abuja Business activities has started in full swing at the remodeled Maitama ultra-modern market located in Kubwa, Abuja, after it was commissioned last week with fanfare. The market was upgraded to 1,467 shops, warehouses and cold rooms of various sizes from an initial number of 300 makeshift stalls inherited, said Engr Rabiu Sa’id, the Director of H & I Const. Ltd., the firm that handled the remodeling construction of the market, in his remarks during the inauguration. Facilities in the new market, he said, include generous parking space, police station, bank, and 50 toilets located at strategic

Remodeled Maitama ultra-modern market, Kubwa Abuja

locations in the market. He said H & I is a subsidiary of M n Ataj Construction Ltd. that is currently undertaking several projects across Nigeria, and said very soon the company will, in conjunction with Bwari Area Council, commence the c of Mpape Village Market. “We will also commission the 1st phase of the modernization of Utako Market in FCT in about two weeks from now, while on the same day will perform the ground breaking ceremony of the modernisation of the Utako/Jabi Motor Park, Abuja, adding that the 2nd phase of Garki Market modernisation will also be

done in conjunction with Abuja Market Management Ltd. before the second quarter of this year,” he said. He said the company built and commissioned a new palace for the district head of the Kubwa community while work has commenced on the construction of a new town hall for the community. The FCT Chairman, Bwari area council, Mr. Musa Dikko said the idea of building the market was conceived by the Isa Bwari administration ten years ago and commended his effort and also the effort of H &I construction ltd. for delivering the project in two years instead of the 10 years earlier planned.

FCTA new Procedures of Legal Search for Land to Curb Fraud Olawale Ajimotokan The Federal Capital Territory Administration has unveiled new procedures for conducting legal search for landed property in Abuja to curb fraud and abuses. The FCT Director of Land Administration, Adamu

Jibrin Hussaini dropped this hint at the weekend while addressing some senior staff of the Department. He said that henceforth applicants must write and make three copies of application to conduct legal search that would be addressed to the Director of Lands.

He added that corporate organisation/company applications must carry the RC Number (Corporate Affairs Registration Number); while lawyers handling such transaction must affix their Nigerian Bar Association seals. “All applications must have photocopies of title

document (s) attached while the original (s) must be brought for sighting with the person presenting the title document producing valid identification like International Passport or Driver’s License or Voter’s Card,” Hussaini added. He revealed that relevant original title documents

namely: Certificate of Occupancy together with Right of Occupancy; Recertification of Acknowledgement Letter only as well as Right of Occupancy with Recertification Acknowledgement Letter. He advised that any person wishing to do any transaction on any

property either developed or undeveloped within the 8,000 square kilometers of the Federal Capital Territory should come forward to conduct legal search or visit the ultra-modern customer service at AGIS in Central Business District, Abuja to avoid being scammed by fraudsters.

5 ) * 4 % ": t TUESDAY, MARCH 12, 2019

T H I S D AY Ëž ÍŻÍ°Ëœ 2019

BUSINESS/MONEYGUIDE

Access Bank Secures $162.5m Syndicated Loan Obinna Chima Access Bank Plc yesterday announced that it has signed a subordinated syndicated loan agreement totaling $162.5 million. The facility was arranged by FMO, a Dutch Development Bank, and was provided together with the BIO (Belgian Investment Company for Developing Countries SA/NV), Blue Orchard Microfinance Fund, CDC Group Plc, DEG (Deutsche Investitions- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH), Finnfund (Finnish Fund for Industrial Cooperation Ltd), Oikocredit (Ecumenical Development Cooperative Society U.A.) and the European Financing Partners S.A, funded by the European Investment Bank, which acted on behalf of the European Community and Norfund (Norwegian Investment Fund for Developing Countries). A statement from Access

Bank yesterday, revealed that FMO acted as the mandated lead arranger and would be the facility agent. The facility qualifies as tier-II capital, which would enable Access Bank to roll out its five-year strategy of becoming Africaâ€™s gateway to the world, the statement added. â€œPart of that strategy is also to deepen the footprint in the retail segment as well as increasingly support local Micro, small and medium-size enterprises, thereby supporting job creation in the Nigerian economy,â€? it stated. Speaking on the transaction, the Group Managing Director/ Chief Executive Officer at Access Bank, Herbert Wigwe said: â€œWe are pleased to have worked with a world-class group of lenders on this transaction. â€œThe deal further reinforces the fact that our institution remains globally respected and reputable. â€œThe syndicated facility is geared towards supporting

the bankâ€™s efforts to promote the growth and job creation potential of the private sector through improved access to financing. â€œAdditionally, specific attention will also be paid to strengthening micro, small and medium-size enterprises as many have been held back due to a lack of access to finance. â€œWe believe this relationship will be the beginning of many more international partnerships with such entities.â€? Also, the Chief Investment Officer at FMO, Linda Broekhuizen said: â€œFMO is proud to be the Mandated Lead Arranger for this landmark transaction. â€œThrough this transaction, FMO strengthens its long-standing relationship and commitment to our well-reputed client Access Bank. â€œAll lenders are pleased to be significant contributors to fostering the Nigerian economy and supporting job creation.â€?

L-R: Company Secretary/Legal Adviser, Nosak Group, Mrs. Judith Aikhoje; Executive Director, CCD Superstores, Mrs. Iyobo Innih and Compliance Manager, Nosak Farm Produce, Mrs. Ngozi Kaura, during the 2019 International Womenâ€™s Day celebration organised by the Nosak Group to celebrate the female employees in Lagosâ€Śrecently

MARKET INDICATORS

GTBank Forecasts Slower Profit Growth in 2019 Guaranty Trust Bank Plc (GTBank) expects profit growth to slow in 2019 from last year. The bank in its full year 2018 financial performance review posted on its website, disclosed that its balance sheet is well structured, with strong earnings capacity as interest earning assets and non-interest earning assets accounted for 70 per cent and 30 per cent respectively. It pointed out that has a well-diversified and improved funding source with low cost deposits accounting for 84 per cent of its deposit base.

â€œContribution of fixed income securities (FIS) to total assets improved to 21.3 per cent, from 20.7 per cent in full year 2017. Its loan book contracted by 12.9 per cent due to scheduled pay-downs by some FX loan customers on account of improved FX liquidity in the market as well as impact of IFRS 9 implementation. The bank disclosed that its dollar loan repayments resulted in a 24.5 per cent growth in money market placements. â€œThe dip in loan book also enabled the group to redeem

its Eurobond. Retail strategy premised on focused innovative digital solutions provided the needed stimulus for consistent low cost deposits mobilisation resulting in 10.3 per cent growth in customersâ€™ deposits with low cost mix improving by 170 basis points from 82.3 per cent in full year 2017, to 84 per cent in full year 2018. â€œStrong liquidity position backed by robust capital buffers with full Impact IFRS 9 Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) of 23.4 per cent well above regulatory requirement of 16 per cent,â€? the report added.

NOVA Posts N1.15bn Profit NOVA Merchant Bank Limited has declared a profit after tax of N1.15 billion for the year ended 31st of December 2018. This represented a significant increase by 125 per cent, compared with the N510.6 million it achieved in 2017. The bank disclosed that it has started reaping the benefits of the investments in its operations, technology and people. A statement from the merchant bank noted that the impressive result demonstrated its growth trajectory which was expected to accelerate as it scales its business and grows its client base. In addition, the bank recorded a 54.10 per cent growth in gross earnings from N1.22 billion in 2017, to N1.88 billion in the year under review. The bank further grew its total assets by 38.89 per cent, from N18 billion to N25 billion between 2017 and 2018. â€œThis impressive performance

marks a very successful year for the newly licensed merchant bank which recently deployed a state of the art and fully digital core banking application. â€œThe bank also recorded remarkable growth in customer acquisition and in line with its objective to be the employer of choice, promoted about a third of its workforce,â€? the statement added. The Chairman of Nova Merchant Bank, Mr. Phillips Oduoza said: â€œWe have been able to build a strong foundation for the success of the bank and approach the future with confidence and optimism in our business model, value proposition, clients and employees. â€œWe remain committed to the implementation of our over-arching philosophy of â€˜New Thinking, New Opportunitiesâ€™ to create value for all our stakeholders. â€œThe bank will continue to strive to deliver profitable, re-

sponsible and sustainable growth. It remains dedicated to its core values of Uniqueness, Passion, Leadership, Integrity, Fairness and Teamwork (UPLIFT) as it believes these ethos will enable it to surpass the expectations of its clients and stakeholders.â€? Also commenting on the feat, the MD/CEO, Anya Duroha said: â€œOur stellar results are a culmination of the hard work, commitment, resilience, discipline and resourcefulness of all our employees. â€œWe have been able to drive strong customer acquisition and deploy leading edge technology whilst optimising our costs. â€œWe will continue to focus on growing our business, providing solutions tailored to our clientsâ€™ needs, building a high performance culture, motivating our employees and creating sustainable value for our shareholdersâ€?.

CIBN, Ecobank Partner on Financial Inclusion, Capacity Building The President and Chairman of Council, Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria (CIBN), Dr. Uche Olowu has commended Ecobankâ€™s strategies at attracting the unbanked and under-banked in the country through its various digital offerings. He affirmed that Ecobankâ€™s recent activities across various markets clusters are a major boost to the regulators financial inclusion policy.

Olowu who was speaking during a CIBN stakeholderâ€™s engagement with Ecobankâ€™s management in Lagos recently, alluded to the various digital payment solutions that the bank currently parades such as RapidTransfer, Ecobank QR payment option, the EcobankPay, Xpress Account amongst others. He noted that apart from stress-free transactions process enjoyed with the digital products,

they are fast boosting business and economic activities across the markets. The CIBN President said: â€œWe commend the bank on its promotion of digital banking and payments through its various platforms which have won it many awards. â€œThis is certainly the way to go. And, we also appreciate your support to the Instituteâ€™s activities and programmes.â€?

MONEY AND CREDIT STATISTICS

(MILLION NAIRA)

NOVEMBER 2018 Money Supply (M3)

31,794,803.44

-- CBN Bills Held by Money Holding Sectors

6,333,064.28

Money Supply (M2)

25,461,739.17

-- Quasi Money

14,773,076.98

-- Narrow Money (M1)

10,688,662.18

---- Currency Outside Banks

1,711,763.59

---- Demand Deposits

8,976,898.59

Net Foreign Assets (NFA)

18,990,400.78

Net Domestic Assets(NDA)

12,804,402.66

-- Net Domestic Credit (NDC)

26,062,986.22

---- Credit to Government (Net)

2,980,229.66

---- Memo: Credit to Govt. (Net) less FMA

7,093,619.43

---- Memo: Fed. and Mirror Accounts (FMA)

-4,144,571.43

---- Credit to Private Sector (CPS)

23,082,756.56

--Other Assets Net

13,258,583.57

Reserve Money (Base Money

6,811,192.37

--Currency in Circulation

2,100,129.91

--Banks Reserves

4,366,259.05

Ëž Ă™Ă&#x;ĂœĂ?Ă? Ě‹

Money Market Indicators (in Percentage) Month

March 2018

Inter-Bank Call Rate

15.16

Minimum Rediscount Rate (MRR) Monetary Policy Rate (MPR)

14.00

Treasury Bill Rate

11.84

Savings Deposit Rate

4.07

1 Month Deposit Rate

8.82

3 Months Deposit Rate

9.72

6 Months Deposit Rate

10.93

12 Months Deposit Rate

10.21

Prime Lending rate

17.35

Maximum Lending Rate

31.55

Ëž Ă™Ă˜Ă?ĂžĂ‹ĂœĂŁ Ă™Ă–Ă“Ă?ĂŁ Ă‹ĂžĂ? Ě‹ ÍŻÍąĎą

OPEC DAILY BASKET PRICE Ëœ Íś Í°ÍŽÍŻÍˇ

The price of OPEC basket of fourteen crudes stood at $64.78 a barrel on Friday, compared with $65.57 the previous day, according to OPEC Secretariat calculations. The OPEC Reference Basket of Crudes (ORB) is made up of the following: Saharan Blend (Algeria), Girassol (Angola), Djeno (Congo), Oriente (Ecuador), ZaďŹ ro (Equatorial Guinea), Rabi Light (Gabon), Iran Heavy (Islamic Republic of Iran), Basra Light (Iraq), Kuwait Export (Kuwait), Es Sider (Libya), Bonny Light (Nigeria), Arab Light (Saudi Arabia), Murban (UAE) and Merey (Venezuela) SOURCE: OPEC headquarters, Vienna

T H I S D AY Ëž ÍŻÍ°Ëœ Í°ÍŽÍŻÍˇ

MARKET NEWS

Lafarge Africa Succeeds with N89.2bn Rights Issue Goddy Egene Lafarge Africa Plc has successfully raised fresh capital of N89.212 billion from existing shareholders through a rights issue of N7.434 billion ordinary shares of 50 kobo each at N12.00 per share. In a notification to the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE), Lafarge Africa Plc said the rights issue was 100 per cent subscribed. It explained that a total of 1,826

applications for 7,434,367,256 ordinary shares were accepted and were found valid under the terms of the issue and were processed accordingly. The N89.2 billion rights issue was the companyâ€™s second issue within two years having raised N132 billion the previous year. The company had raised that capital by issuing 3.1 billion ordinary shares of 50 kobo each at N42.50 per share. Shareholders of the company

P R I C E S MAIN BOARD

F O R DEALS

had last September approved the raising of fresh capital in line with the firmâ€™s refinancing plan. The Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of Lafarge Africa Plc, Mr. Bruno Bayet, had said the a refinancing plan was aimed at preparing it for future development in Nigeria, improving the companyâ€™s leverage as well as strengthen its profitability. The Chairman of Lafarge Africa, Mr. Mobolaji Balogun had the additional capital to be raised

S E C U R I T I E S MARKET PRICE

QUANTITY TRADED

VALUE TRADED ( N )

will further help to deleverage the companyâ€™s balance sheet and provide head room for the expansion of our business.â€? According to him, the board of directors is mindful of the support of all our shareholders through the difficult but necessary journey to transform the company into a more agile and correctly financed business ready to benefit from the potential opportunities in Nigerian building materials (market).

T R A D E D MAIN BOARD

A S

He also assured shareholders that restructuring of the capital structure of the company largely completed through the past year would help to significantly reduce the cost of financing and currency translation risk. Balogun added that the company is implementing a new route-to-market initiative aimed at supporting the anticipated growth in demand as the country gradually recovers from recession and as foreign

O F

exchange rates stabilise. Shareholders are currently awaiting the financial performance of Lafarge Africa Plc for the full year ended December 31, 2018. The company had announced revenue of N234.30 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, up from N223.67 billion in 2017. Loss after tax stood at N10.37 billion as against a net profit after tax of N937.91 million in comparable period of 2017.

0 8 / 0 3 / 2 0 1 9 DEALS

MARKET PRICE

QUANTITY TRADED

VALUE TRADED ( N)

5 ) * 4 % ": t TUESDAY, MARCH 12, 2019

TUESDAY, MARCH 12, 2019 ˾ T H I S D AY

MARKET NEWS

NSE, Meristem Collaborate to Boost Investment Strategies Goddy Egene The Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) and Meristem Securities Limited, an investment banking firm have launched two new style indices, the NSE-Meristem Growth Index and NSE-Meristem Value Index. The indices, which will be available real-time on the NSE’s website from March 12, 2019, according to NSE and Meristem,

were designed in response to demand for customised indices to support product development and investment management. According to them, the style indices will provide a benchmark for the market to gauge the performance of value stocks and growth stocks listed on the exchange. Commenting on the development, the Divisional Head,

A Mutual fund (Unit Trust) is an investment vehicle managed by a SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission) registered Fund Manager. Investors with similar objectives buy units of the Fund so that the Fund Manager can buy securities that willl generate their desired return. An ETF (Exchange Traded Fund) is a type of fund which owns the assets (shares of stock, bonds, oil futures, gold bars, foreign currency, etc.) and divides ownership of those assets into shares. Investors can buy these ‘shares’ on the

Trading Business Division of the NSE, Mr. Jude Chiemeka, said: “We are pleased to collaborate with Meristem Securities in the development of the first stylefocused indices to be publicly launched in Nigeria. The introduction of the NSE-Meristem Growth and NSE-Meristem Value Indices is a laudable and innovative effort which is long overdue. These indices provide products strategists

floor of the Nigerian Stock Exchange. A REIT (Real Estate Investment Trust) is an investment vehicle that allows both small and large investors to part-own real estate ventures (eg. Offices, Houses, Hospitals) in proportion to their investments. The assets are divided into shares that are traded on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. GUIDE TO DATA: Date: All fund prices are quoted in Naira as at 08Mar-2019, unless otherwise stated.

and asset managers the leverage to create investment vehicles that democratisse professional asset management for the benefit of investors, while still following the tenets of classic investment philosophies: growth and value. The indices are available for licensing and the investing public is encouraged to take advantage of the benefits they provide.” Shedding more light on the

purpose of these indices, Group Head Investment Research, Meristem Securities Limited, Mrs. Kemi Akinde, explained that the indices are benchmarks to track the performance of growth and value stocks that are traded on the floor of the NSE, thereby contributing to the deepening of the equity capital market by providing a leverage for fund managers to build investment

products. “Furthermore, the indices serve as more appropriate benchmarks for fund managers with same investment philosophies help in effective performance attribution, and facilitate better manager selection and appraisal, while also providing market data for academics to enrich studies on the performance of growth and value stocks in the Nigerian market.

Offer price: The price at which units of a trust or ETF are bought by investors. Bid Price: The price at which Investors redeem (sell) units of a trust or ETF. Yield/Total Return: Denotes the total return an investor would have earned on his investment. Money Market Funds report Yield while others report Year- to-date Total Return. NAV: Is value per share of the real estate assets held by a REIT on a specific date.

DAILY PRICE LIST FOR MUTUAL FUNDS, REITS and ETFS MUTUAL FUNDS / UNIT TRUSTS AFRINVEST ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD aaml@afrinvest.com Web: www.afrinvest.com; Tel: +234 1 270 1680 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn Afrinvest Equity Fund 161.39 161.92 2.06% Afrinvest Plutus Fund 100.00 100.00 11.00% Nigeria International Debt Fund 280.80 281.50 2.90% ALTERNATIVE CAPITAL PARTNERS LTD info@acapng.com Web: www.acapng.com, Tel: +234 1 291 2406, +234 1 291 2868 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn ACAP Canary Growth Fund 0.86 0.86 1.81% ACAP Income Funds 0.62 0.62 12.04% AIICO CAPITAL LTD ammf@aiicocapital.com Web: www.aiicocapital.com, Tel: +234-1-2792974 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn AIICO Money Market Fund 100.00 100.00 13.28% AIICO Balanced Fund 2.28 2.31 2.63% ARM INVESTMENT MANAGERS LTD enquiries@arminvestmentcenter.com Web: www.arm.com.ng; Tel: 0700 CALLARM (0700 225 5276) Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn ARM Aggressive Growth Fund N/A N/A N/A ARM Discovery Fund N/A N/A N/A ARM Ethical Fund N/A N/A N/A ARM Money Market Fund N/A N/A N/A AXA MANSARD INVESTMENTS LIMITED investmentcare@axamansard.com Web: www.axamansard.com; Tel: +2341-4488482 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn AXA Mansard Equity Income Fund 103.93 104.66 2.71% AXA Mansard Money Market Fund 1.00 1.00 12.57% CHAPELHILL DENHAM MANAGEMENT LTD investmentmanagement@chapelhilldenham.com Web: www.chapelhilldenham.com, Tel: +234 461 0691 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn Chapelhill Denham Money Market Fund 100.00 100.00 13.70% Paramount Equity Fund 12.15 12.25 2.87% Women's Investment Fund 106.13 106.70 2.44% CORDROS ASSET MANAGEMENT LIMITED assetmgtteam@cordros.com Web: www.cordros.com, Tel: 019036947 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn Cordros Money Market Fund N/A N/A N/A Cordros Milestone Fund 2023 N/A N/A Cordros Milestone Fund 2028 N/A N/A CORONATION ASSEST MANAGEMENT investment@coronationam.com Web:www.coronationam.com , Tel: 012366215 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn Coronation Money Market Fund 1.00 1.00 13.08% Coronation Balanced Fund 0.84 0.85 Coronation Fixed Income Fund 1.16 1.16 3.38% EDC FUNDS MANAGEMENT LIMITED mutualfundng@ecobank.com Web: www.ecobank.com Tel: 012265281 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn EDC Nigeria Money Market Fund Class A 100.00 100.00 12.45% EDC Nigeria Money Market Fund Class B 1,000,000.00 1,000,000.00 11.76% FBNQUEST ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD invest@fbnquest.com Web: www.fbnquest.com/asset-management; Tel: +234-81 0082 0082 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn FBN Fixed Income Fund 1,227.50 1,228.28 3.54% FBN Heritage Fund 145.99 147.26 1.80% FBN Money Market Fund 100.00 100.00 14.18% FBN Nigeria Eurobond (USD) Fund - Institutional 115.94 116.49 1.80% FBN Nigeria Eurobond (USD) Fund - Retail 115.87 116.42 1.99% FBN Nigeria Smart Beta Equity Fund 151.16 153.41 0.77% FIRST CITY ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD fcamhelpdesk@fcmb.com Web: www.fcamltd.com; Tel: +234 1 462 2596 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn Legacy Equity Fund 1.23 1.25 0.82% Legacy Debt Fund 3.32 3.32 2.19% Legacy USD Bond Fund 1.04 1.04 0.87% FSDH ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD coralfunds@fsdhgroup.com Web: www.fsdhaml.com; Tel: 01-270 4884-5; 01-280 9740-1 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn Coral Growth Fund 3,025.80 3,058.07 1.42% Coral Income Fund 2,822.56 2,822.56 3.05% GREENWICH ASSET MANAGEMENT LIMITED assetmanagement@gtlgroup.com Web: www.gtlgroup.com ; Tel: +234 1 4619261-2 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn Greenwich Plus Money Market Fund N/A N/A N/A Nigeria Entertainment Fund N/A N/A N/A INVESTMENT ONE FUNDS MANAGEMENT LTD enquiries@investment-one.com Web: www.investment-one.com; Tel: +234 812 992 1045,+234 1 448 8888 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn Abacus Money Market Fund 100.00 100.00 13.42% Vantage Balanced Fund 2.19 2.21 1.82% Vantage Guaranteed Income Fund 1.00 1.00 15.00% Kedari Investment Fund (KIF) 123.96 124.21 -0.75%

LOTUS CAPITAL LTD ﬁncon@lotuscapitallimited.com Web: www.lotuscapitallimited.com; Tel: +234 1-291 4626 / +234 1-291 4624 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn Lotus Halal Investment Fund 1.16 1.19 1.80% Lotus Halal Fixed Income Fund 1,096.59 1,095.88 2.47% MERISTEM WEALTH MANAGEMENT LTD info@meristemwealth.com Web: http://www.meristemwealth.com/funds/ ; Tel: +234 1-4488260 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn Meristem Equity Market Fund 11.67 11.77 1.47% Meristem Money Market Fund 10.00 10.00 11.05% PAC ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD info@pacassetmanagement.com Web: www.pacassetmanagement.com/mutualfunds; Tel: +234 1 271 8632 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn PACAM Balanced Fund 1.38 1.40 7.81% PACAM Fixed Income Fund 12.27 12.34 0.61% PACAM Money Market Fund 10.00 10.00 12.01% SCM CAPITAL LIMITED info@scmcapitalng.com Web: www.scmcapitalng.com; Tel: +234 1-280 2226,+234 1- 280 2227 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn SCM Capital Frontier Fund 126.77 127.48 5.05% SFS CAPITAL NIGERIA LTD investments@sfsnigeria.com Web: www.sfsnigeria.com, Tel: +234 (01) 2801400 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn SFS Fixed Income Fund 1.03 1.03 2.73% STANBIC IBTC ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD assetmanagement@stanbicibtc.com Web: www.stanbicibtcassetmanagement.com; Tel: +234 1 280 1266; 0700 MUTUALFUNDS Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn Stanbic IBTC Balanced Fund 2,382.56 2,397.09 2.97% Stanbic IBTC Bond Fund 195.14 195.14 2.63% Stanbic IBTC Ethical Fund 0.98 1.00 4.21% Stanbic IBTC Guaranteed Investment Fund 252.25 252.28 2.06% Stanbic IBTC Iman Fund 167.02 168.93 2.39% Stanbic IBTC Money Market Fund 100.00 100.00 13.30% Stanbic IBTC Nigerian Equity Fund 8,665.16 8,771.93 2.09% Stanbic IBTC Dollar Fund (USD) 1.12 1.12 1.16% UNITED CAPITAL ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD unitedcapitalplcgroup.com Web: www.unitedcapitalplcgroup.com; Tel: +234 803 306 2887 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn United Capital Balanced Fund 1.19 1.21 0.23% United Capital Bond Fund 1.64 1.64 3.06% United Capital Equity Fund 0.69 0.71 -2.09% United Capital Money Market Fund 1.00 1.00 14.62% United Capital Eurobond Fund 109.16 109.16 1.77% United Capital Wealth for Women Fund 1.09 1.10 0.41% QUANTUM ZENITH ASSET MANAGEMENT & INVESTMENTS LTD service@quantumzenithasset.com.ng Web: www.quantumzenith.com.ng; Tel: +234 1-2784219 Fund Name Bid Price Offer Price Yield / T-Rtn Zenith Equity Fund 11.30 11.46 6.92% Zenith Ethical Fund 12.40 12.53 4.03% Zenith Income Fund 21.10 21.10 9.43% Zenith Money Market Fund 1.00 1.00 11.40%

REITS NAV Per Share

Yield / T-Rtn

5.95 119.30 51.94

-39.35% 0.06% 0.00%

Bid Price

Offer Price

Yield / T-Rtn

10.69 115.07 90.85

10.79 117.54 92.56

1.32% -1.89% 2.48%

Fund Name FSDH UPDC Real Estate Investment Fund SFS Skye Shelter Fund Union Homes REIT

EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS Fund Name Lotus Halal Equity Exchange Traded Fund SIAML Pension ETF 40 Stanbic IBTC ETF 30 Fund

VETIVA FUND MANAGERS LTD Web: www.vetiva.com; Tel: +234 1 453 0697 Fund Name Vetiva Banking Exchange Traded Fund Vetiva Consumer Goods Exchange Traded Fund Vetiva Grifﬁn 30 Exchange Traded Fund Vetiva Industrial Goods Exchange Traded Fund Vetiva S&P Nigeria Sovereign Bond Exchange Traded Fund

funds@vetiva.com Bid Price

Offer Price

Yield / T-Rtn

4.25 7.19 14.98 12.45 153.02

4.29 7.27 15.08 12.65 155.02

6.13% -5.55% 0.21% 0.69% 6.56%

NAV Per Share

Yield / T-Rtn

107.24

17.42%

INFRASTRUCTURE FUND Fund Name Chapel Hill Denham Nigeria Infrastructure Debt Fund

The value of investments and the income from them may fall as well as rise. Past performance is a guide and not an indication of future returns. Fund prices published in this edition are also available on each fund manager’s website and FMAN’s website at www.fman.com.ng. Fund prices are supplied by the operator of the relevant fund and are published for information purposes only.

TUESDAY MARCH 12, 2019 ˾ T H I S D AY

NEWSXTRA

Malami Playing Games on $2bn Tax Arrears, MTN CEO Alleges Emma Okonji with Agency Report The Chief Executive Officer of MTN Group, Rob Shuter, has said the Attorney General of the Federation (AGF) and Minister of Justice, Abubakar Malami, is “playing games” over the federal government’s demand of $2 billion tax arrears from MTN Nigeria. According to TheCable News, Shuter spoke at a conference call where MTN 2018 annual results were presented to executives and stakeholders of the company. In September 2018, Malami had written to MTN Nigeria, demanding $2 billion in tax arrears. The amount was said to cover a 10-year period for import duties, value added tax (VAT) and withholding taxes on foreign imports/payments.

MTN Nigeria had denied any wrongdoing, saying it had fully settled all outstanding taxes. Reiterating the company’s stance, Shuter described the legal process as “odd,” adding that the justice minister had no right to collect tax on behalf of government. He said MTN is a responsible company whose tax assessments are in line with the requirements of the relevant authorities. “I think if you look at our history for complicated tax disputes they can take years, because you end up going through this tribunal, that tribunal,” Shuter said. “Now, of course, what is odd about the Nigeria situation is that it is not the Commissioner for Inland Revenue that we have the dispute with. It is the Attorney General, who is really not

mandated to collect tax. “So, the legal process is basically saying you are playing a game that you are not meant to be playing. And when we talk to the tax authorities, they have no particular quarrel with where we are with our various assessments. “So, either we get the thing chucked out early on and the issue is finished, or it is just one of these lingering things that rolls around in the system for a while. And personally, I don’t know which way it is going to play out. “I am just absolutely adamant that we are a responsible company; we have paid the taxes we had to pay, and the tax authorities are not saying that we owe them anything. So, I think we’ve just got to stare this one down,” Shuter said

FG Amends Charges, Re-arraigns Melaye over Alleged Resistance to Arrest Yekini Jimoh in Lokoja The Senator representing Kogi West and Senator-elect, Dino Melaye, was yesterday re-arraigned before a Federal Capital Territory (FCT) High Court in Maitama for allegedly resisting police arrest. This made it the 12th time the lawmaker would be arraigned by both the federal government and the Nigeria Police before various courts in Abuja and Lokoja, Kogi State. The operatives of the Nigeria Police had in December 2018 stormed Melaye’s private

residence in Maitama, Abuja, and laid a siege to the property for a week, a development the lawmaker described as illegal and a violation of his rights. Upon submitting himself for arrest, the Police in January, 2019 arraigned the lawmaker alongside his security guard for allegedly resisting arrest and was subsequently granted bail on health ground. The bail conditions included the Clerk to the National Assembly writing a letter assuring the court that the National Assembly will

provide Melaye anytime he is needed and two sureties with evidence of property in Abuja. The federal government yesterday took over the case and amended the charges initially preferred against the lawmaker to include speaking to journalists and making tweets on his social media handles while in hiding. However, the presiding judge, Justice Yusuf Halilu, subsequently granted Melaye a fresh bail on the existing condition.

INEC Orders Arrest of Imo Collation Officer over Manipulation of Election Results The Returning Officer for Imo State elections, Prof. Francis Otutna, has ordered the arrest of the Collation Officer of Ohaji Egbema Local Government Area (LGA), Prof. Kelechi Ehirim, for allegedly altering the results of the LGA. Otuana, who apparently had the results from the field, announced that the figures Ehirim presented were doctored. Immediately he gave the

order, security operatives moved in and led away Ehirim and the Electoral Officer of the LGA, Mr. Christian Ogbuagbu. The duo were later handcuffed and taken out of the collation centre. Otunta is the Vice Chancellor, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State. The suspect is also a professor. Earlier, the Resident Electoral

Commissioner (REC), Francis Ezeonu, had said he was not under pressure to declare any politician winner of the election. “I want to assure you I am not under any pressure to declare anybody winner. We just want to speed up the process,” he had said. During the presidential and national assembly elections, some returning officers said they were forced to declare some candidates winners.

Okowa’sVictory: Ibori Congratulates Delta People for Choosing Peace, Unity Sylvester Idowu in Warri A former Governor of Delta State, Chief James Onanefe Ibori has congratulated the entire people of Delta state, for choosing peace and unity by re-electing Governor Arthur Ifeanyichukwu Okowa for a second term. In a statement issued yesterday by his Media Assistant, Tony Eluemunor, Ibori said that the people of Delta state spoke with one voice last Saturday and overwhelmingly supported Okowa to continue his good work in the service of the state. Ibori said: “This victory

belongs to the good people of Delta State, not to the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) alone, because the entire state voted massively to re-elect Governor Ifeanyi Okowa who defeated his opponent convincingly. I cherish this unity of purpose”. He said that “the people of Delta chose fairness, equity, peace and unity instead of discord, disharmony and rancour. This wise choice has saved Delta from the conflict and internal contention that has wracked many states in Nigeria”. Ibori said he was absolutely sure that Okowa will continue his good work, and remain

committed to the entire state as one constituency because his victory was made possible by all Deltans from the lush and fertile upland areas to the creeks and mangrove swamps of the oil-bearing low lands. “Now that the elections are over, Delta State needs to move on with its normal developmental strides on all fronts; industries, education, road construction or sports, and continue with its normal role; showing the rest of the country the way to follow. Therefore, I appeal to all Deltans to join hands with Governor Okowa to advance Delta State, Nigeria’s Big Heart”.

5 ) * 4 % ": t TUESDAY, MARCH 12, 2019

TUESDAY MARCH 12, 2019 ˾ T H I S D AY

NEWSEXTRA

PDP Asks Bauchi Gov to Surrender Mandate, Rejects INEC’s Verdict Segun Awofadeji in Bauchi Following the inconclusive governorship election declared by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) in Bauchi State, the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) has called on the incumbent state Governor, Mohammed Abubakar, to surrender the mandate of the people as he has already lost the election. THISDAY reported that the Returning Officer for the elections in the state, Prof Mohammed Kyari, last Sunday declared that the election in Tafawa Balewa Local Government Area of the state was inconclusive. According to him, the PDP governorship candidate, Senator Bala Mohammed, got 469, 512 votes to defeat his closest rival and incumbent Governor, Abubakar of the All Progressives Congress (APC), who scored 465, 453 votes. Kyari had said the margin

between the two candidates were 4, 059 votes, having cancelled the votes of Tafawa Balewa LGA which were 139, 240. The INEC returning officer added that the number of cancelled votes in the elections even without that of Tafawa Balewa LGA were 45, 312 and had declared that: “I, therefore, based on Section 26 (53 ) of the Electoral Act, declare the elections in Bauchi State inconclusive.” He also directed INEC to conduct a re-run election in the affected LGA within the next 21 days. However, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, Hon. Yakubu Dogara, who was flanked by the PDP governorship candidate, Mohammed, and state party chairman and other party stalwarts at the National Union of Journalists (NUJ) secretariat yesterday in Bauchi, alleged that the cancellation of election in Tafawa Balewa Local Government Area by

the state Returning Officer, Professor Kyari, was illegal and orchestrated to oppress the people of the state. Dogara alleged further that the governor had on several occasions referred to him as a light-weight politician, whose constituency could only deliver nothing more than seventy thousand votes, adding that Governor Abubakar boasted that he won his election in 2015 with three hundred thousand votes, and doesn’t need any vote from Tafawa Balewa Local Government Area to become the governor. “I want the media to ask the governor if it will not therefore amount to an act of unprecedented shamelessness for him to go now to Tafawa Balewa, my constituency, with only seventy thousand votes that he does not require and campaign for their votes or to illegally source from there to make up and become the governor.

Rivers Monarchs Ask INEC to DeclareVerified Governorship Election Results Ernest Chinwo in Port Harcourt Rivers State Council of Traditional Rulers has urged the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) to declare all verifiable results of last Saturday’s governorship election in the state on units and ward basis. They stated that only compromised results should be discountenanced. The traditional rulers made their position known at a press conference addressed by their Chairman, the Amayanabo of Opobo, King Douglas Dandeson Jaja. He said, “We urge INEC to declare all verifiable results and immediately look into only compromised results on units and wards basis, where boxes were snatched by thugs or military personnel. “We cannot go through round of elections at a later date. INEC must ensure that collated results are declared and not tampered with by third parties.” They expressed disappointment with the alleged involvement of

the military and SARS personnel in the direct process of the 2019 elections in Rivers State. They said: “What we have today is a few government appointees using federal apparatus including men in uniform to cause chaos and breakdown of law and order. “Our people who have attempted to resist such illegality have either been arrested or dealt with extra judicially”. They regretted that Rivers communities have been militarised, with innocent people harassed, arrested and detained. “We are sad to note that in many kingdoms and communities, the uniformed or military men were actively involved in giving cover to politicians and their thugs who are carting ballot boxes and result sheets. “There are also allegations that some of these uniformed personnel are ‘fake soldiers ‘ but the real soldiers have not arrested any of the so-called fake soldiers involved in these dastardly acts. “The Army has also come out on AIT today, March 11, 2019 to state that the people in army

uniforms are fake. So, why are they not being arrested if they are thugs in military uniforms,” they said. They described as deafening the silence of the National Peace Committee headed by General Abdulsalami Abubakar, and wondered why the committee has failed to call all parties and the military to order for breaching the peace. They said that parties cannot be asked to accept results of elections that are brazenly rigged, manipulated and falsified in an atmosphere of intimidation and violence. “Last time we checked, the President and Commander in Chief has not given any such order, neither has the Chief of Army Staff or Chief of Air Staff ordered the full participation of the military in the electoral process in our various kingdoms. “So, who has deployed the military, army and air force in this number, even assaulting officials of INEC and taking over of premises when they were not invited by INEC,” the Rivers State Council of Traditional Rulers noted.

Ugwuanyi Thanks Enugu Residents for His Re-election Following his landslide victory at the March 9 governorship election, Governor Ifeanyi Ugwuanyi of Enugu State and Governor-elect, has expressed gratitude to God and thanked the people of the state for their overwhelming support in renewing his mandate. This is coming as a coalition of governorship candidates in the state led by Gerald Abonyi of Labour Party (LP), paid him a congratulatory visit at the Government House, Enugu and declared that they were satisfied with the outcome of the election. In his acceptance speech, Ugwuanyi told the people of Enugu State that he was “deeply humbled that you have, once

again, invested your trust and faith in our team”, adding that it is now for him and his deputy and running mate, Mrs. Cecilia Ezeilo “to continue to work for you”. Accepting the mandate, the governor pledged that his administration will devote energy and time to work harder for the wellbeing and prosperity of the people, stressing that “we are open to new ideas and new visions, as we continue to lay the solid foundation for a more prosperous Enugu State”. According to him, “I hereby reaffirm that we will continue to serve you with the fear of God, with humility and an unwavering commitment to improving the

lives of our people and lifting the State to unprecedented heights of development and progress”. Ugwuanyi also expressed gratitude to President Muhammadu Buhari for “his exemplary leadership and for providing the enabling environment that ensured the peaceful conduct of elections in our State”. He equally saluted the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) “for a job well done and for keeping alive the dream of a brighter democracy”, stating that “we are equally grateful to the Nigerian security agencies and the independent observers who ensured that we had peaceful processes at the polls”.

“If there is any honour on his part, having declared that he doesn’t need one single vote from there, I think honour demands that he should surrender at this point that he has lost this election.” The Speaker alleged that apart from the illegal cancellation, INEC in the state was still sourcing for other units that they

will cancel even after they have collated and declared the results as they are not sure of what will happen in Tafawa Balewa during the supplementary election. Dogara said the election was peaceful, free and fair at the unit level as attested to by the local government returning officer, alleging that the only challenge they encountered was that

political thugs of the governor invaded the local government collation centre and carted away with some result sheets. He called on INEC Chairman, Mahmood Yakubu, to intervene in the election crisis rocking the state, saying the declaration of inconclusive election in the state by INEC was a brazen rape of the mandate of Bauchi State.

Passenger Dies on-board Delta Flight to Lagos Chinedu Eze An unidentified passenger onboard Delta Air Lines flight to Lagos from Atlanta, United States, died three hours to landing at the Murtala Muhammed International Airport. A source close to the airline who craved anonymity told THISDAY that the deceased had a terminal disease and wanted to come back to Nigeria, his country to spend the rest of his life, but could not make it as he died about eight hours into the flight. The informed source said, “The deceased had a certificate from a hospital in the United States of a serious terminal disease, indicating that he may soon pass on. So, the deceased decided to come back to his homeland to spend the rest of his life, knowing the complexities and costs it will take

bringing back his corpse, in case he doesn’t survive the illness.” The source further explained that the airline did the man a favour by bringing him back, adding that it was just to help him. THISDAY learnt that when the flight arrived there was undue delay that lasted for over two hours as effort was being made to evacuate the body before other passengers would disembark. This was confirmed by journalist and blogger, Rose Moses, an acquaintance to one of the passengers onboard the flight who complained on social media that she had waited for two hours at the car park of the Lagos airport wondering why passengers aboard Delta Airlines flight from Atlanta was yet to disembark its passengers after landing. Moses said after placing calls

to the person she was waiting for, she was told one of the passengers died three hours to landing aboard the flight; so, all the passengers were asked to remain seated until the body was evacuated. It is a policy of some airlines to return the body of any person that died on board of their flight to the airport of departure, but Delta ignored this policy possibly because the flight was already few hours to its destination. Five years ago, a British Deputy High Commissioner to Nigeria who flew in from the US on United Airlines flight to Lagos slumped and died on arrival at the airport. Reacting to the death of the passenger on Delta flight yesterday, the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN) said it had not received any report of any death in a flight.

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TUESDAY MARCH 12, 2019 ˾ T H I S D AY

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Rivers Elections: Wike, Biokpomabo Appear Before INEC Fact-finding Committee AAC candidate wants commission to declare him winner, redeploy REC IPAC, CUPP: Disregard calls for transfer of Rivers REC Ernest Chinwo in Port Harcourt Rivers State Governor and governorship candidate of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), Nyesom Wike and the governorship candidate of the African Action Alliance (AAC), Awara Biokpomabo, yesterday appeared before the fact-finding committee set up by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) behind closed doors. This is coming as Biokpomabo called on INEC to declare him winner of last Saturday’s governorship elections and also redeploy the state Resident Electoral Commissioner, Obo Effanga. But the Inter-Party Advisory Council (IPAC) and Coalition of Political Parties (CUPP) in the state have called on INEC to disregard the calls for the transfer of the REC but should restart the collation exercise and declare Wike winner. INEC, had on Sunday while announcing the suspension of the electoral process in Rivers State, said it would set up a fact-finding committee to “assess the situation and report back within 48 hours.” THISDAY gathered that Wike and Biokpomabo appeared separately before the INEC fact-finding committee yesterday behind closed doors. Neither candidate has spoken on the nature or outcome of the meeting.

However, addressing journalists in the state shortly after appearing before the INEC committee, Biokpomabo, who is being backed by the All Progressives Congress (APC) faction led by Minister of Transportation, Chibuike Amaechi, claimed he was leading Wike in 15 out of the 23 local government areas before INEC suspended the process in the state. He said, “The INEC pleaded insecurity, violence, seizure of electoral materials by hoodlums as the reasons for suspending the remaining stages of the election. I reject the reason given by INEC. This is because in the local government areas that were affected, voting had concluded, results declared at the polling units and collation had begun before the abrupt suspension of the process. The commission does not have the power under our Electoral Act to suspend elections that has already been concluded. But addressing a joint press conference yesterday evening, IPAC and CUPP called on the National Chairman of INEC, Professor Mahmood Yakubu, to disregard calls by a “few renegade APC-sponsored governorship candidates for the transfer of the Rivers State Resident Electoral Commissioner and the State Administrative Secretary of INEC”. The groups, that represent 86 political parties and 54 governorship candidates, said

there was no justification for the calls for the transfer of the electoral umpires. Chairman of IPAC in Rivers State, Precious Baridoo, presented their position in Port Harcourt. They said: “These calls sponsored by the Minister of Transportation and the APC are aimed at creating the ugly atmosphere for the concoction of results and the rigging of the state governorship election, which has been won by Wike. “We also strongly condemn the criminal use of the Nigerian Army by the APC to abduct electoral officers and snatch already collated results for

the purpose of rigging the governorship election in favour of the APC supported Candidate. “It is most unfortunate that the APC led soldiers of the Nigerian Army to invade the State Collation Centre at INEC Headquarters in Port Harcourt as captured on videos aired on Channels Television and AIT. The whole world saw how they planned to bring in cooked results to alter the will of Rivers people.” They berated the military for disrupting the governorship election collation process in the state. He said: “We also condemn

the military for disrupting the collation process for the governorship election in Rivers State. We call on President Buhari to take immediate steps to punish all the military personnel involved in this coup against democracy..” Meanwhile, Rivers State PDP Campaign Council has told Biokpomabo that the position of governorship of Rivers State is for mature people, tested and experienced persons and not for school boys with no record of public service. The Director of Information and Communications of the State PDP Campaign Council Barr

Emma Okah made this known in reaction to a press confefence held today in Port Harcourt by the AAC governorship candidate. “I have seen and read a copy of the said press conference and our conclusion is that the entire content is as worthless as the piece of paper bearing the speech and it would be worthless to offer him a response” However, allegations of wrongdoing against Gov Nyesom Ezenwo Wike and the PDP in the press conference are false, baseless and lacking in merit.

APC Rejects Governorship Election Results in South-south States THANK-YOU VISIT... “We wish to categorically L-R: Former Lagos State Commissioner for Information, Mr. Dele Alake; Ogun State Governor-elect, Dapo Abiodun; National Leader, Onyebuchi Ezigbo in Abuja The All Progressives Congress (APC) has rejected the governorship and state assembly election results in the South-south geopolitical zone as released by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). The governorship election results so far released by INEC showed that the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) has won in three states of South-south: Cross River, Akwa Ibom and Delta States, while that of Rivers and Bayelsa are yet to be concluded. In a statement issued yesterday, the APC’s National Vice Chairman, South-south zone, Ntufam Hilliard Eta, said the election results did not reflect the wishes and wills of the people as they expressed at various polling units. He said: “We have observed with great disappointment the ugly developments in the just concluded governorship and state House of Assembly elections held on March 9, 2019, and the subsequent release of results by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) for states of the South -south geopolitical zone: Akwa Ibom, Cross River and Delta States.

state that the results released by INEC are not a reflection of the wishes and wills of the people as they expressed at various polling units.” He said the leadership of APC had received several complaints to the effect that in areas where the party held sway and won the elections at the unit levels the various returning officers of the states, in connivance with agents of the PDP, cancelled results of such areas of the party’s strength. He alleged that there were also reports that where elections could not hold due to violence, results were announced in favour of the PDP. He added, “furthermore, in some units where the card readers failed, results were also allocated to such areas, and subsequently announced in favour of the PDP. Sadly, there are reported cases of box snatching in areas of APC strongholds, results are announced in favour of the PDP. “It is incomprehensible that INEC could allow itself to be so used to usurp the collective mandate of the people and this is equated to a broad day light robbery, and this is unacceptable.”

All Progressives Congress (APC), Bola Tinubu; Chairman, APC, Lagos State, Alhaji Tunde Balogun; and Secretary to the Lagos State Government, Mr. Tunji Bello, during a courtesy call on Tinubu by Abiodun in Lagos…yesterday

Otti, Ogah Reject Abia Guber Election Result Emmanuel Ugwu in Umuahia Mass protest seems to be looming in Abia State over the outcome of the governorship election in which the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) returned the state Governor, Okezie Ikpeazu, as winner with the main opposition parties

vehemently kicking against the poll result. Governorship candidate of the All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA), Mr. Alex Otti, dropped the hint at a joint press conference held with the All Progressives Congress (APC) candidate, Mr. Uchechukwu Sampson Ogah, in Umuahia during which they rejected the

poll result. Otti, who read a joint statement by the main opposition candidates, warned that the peaceful disposition of opposition supporters should not be taken for granted this time around just because APGA did not take to the streets in 2015 when its “mandate was stolen.”

According to him, “We are peace-loving people but we don’t believe that anybody will come here and tamper with the wishes of the people.” The aggrieved governorship candidates insisted that they would not accept Ikpeazu’s victory as announced by INEC, saying it was a product of “fraud and robbery.

Tambuwal Urges INEC to Declare Winner of Governorship Election in Sokoto Onuminya Innocent in Sokoto The Governor of Sokoto State, Aminu Tambuwal, has urged the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) to urgently declare the winner of state governorship election held last Saturday. Tambuwal stated this yesterday at a press briefing in Government House in Sokoto. He frowned at the decision of INEC to declare the election inconclusive where the winner of the election is clear.

The governor said: “If you look at the decision of INEC, no cogent reason was given; they only relied on technical ground. “This is the mandate the people of Sokoto freely given us based on the confidence and trust they have in our government.” He promised to test the decision in law court which he said would not hold water since there was no advance reason or legal backing in taking the decision. The governor added that

according to section 179 subsections 2 of the Nigeria Constitution as amended, he has met all the conditions to be returned elected. He said the Chairman of INEC, Prof Yakubu Mahmoud, has a name and reputation to protect, and should not allow himself to be used by external forces to truncate the country’s nascent democracy. “Look at the trend in Nigeria, it is ‘inconclusive’ from Adamawa to Bauchi, to Plateau to Sokoto States,” Tambuwal added.

He used the opportunity to thank the Sokoto people for giving him their mandates which he attributed to trust and confidence reposed in his government. Tambuwal said when he assumed office in 2015, he promised to tackle the issue of ‘street boys’ which has made Sokoto violence-free, adding that that was why the election was violence free. He further said if rerun is conducted at any day, he was optimistic of winning the election.

5 ) * 4 % ": t TUESDAY, MARCH 12, 2019

T H I S D AY ˾ TUESDAY MARCH 12, 2019

TUESDAYSPORTS

Group Sports Editor Duro Ikhazuagbe Email duro.ikhazuagbe@thisdaylive.com 0811 181 3083 SMS ONLY

Zidane Reappointed Real Madrid Coach, Solari Sacked Zinedine Zidane has returned as Real Madrid manager just 10 months after leaving the Spanish giants. The Frenchman replaces Santiago Solari, who was in charge for less than five months. Former Real midfielder Zidane, 46, who left in May after leading the club to a third straight Champions League trophy, has agreed to take over until 2022, the club announced. Real are currently third in La Liga, 12 points behind leaders Barcelona. Solari was sacked after a 4-1 win over Real Valladolid on Sunday - which followed a shock Champions League exit to Ajax. That 4-1 home defeat and 5-3 aggregate loss to the Dutch side was the final straw for Real president Florentino Perez. The defeat by Ajax followed two consecutive losses to Barcelona in El Clasico - a 1-0 reverse in La Liga and a 4-1 aggregate defeat in the Copa del Rey. Zidane stepped down following the Champions League final victory over Liverpool, and Julen Lopetegui was hired as his successor just

before the World Cup where he had been due to lead Spain, who promptly sacked him. Four and a half months later it was Real’s turn to fire him. Reserve-team boss Solari came in as caretaker before being given a contractto 2021 on 13 November. “Real Madrid thanks Santiago Solari for his work done and the commitment and loyalty he has shown to what is his home,” the club said. It added the former player had been offered another role with the club. Despite returning less than a year after he left the club, Zidane faces a rebuilding job at Real Madrid after their Champions League dynasty came to a remarkable, humiliating end last week. They have not adequately replaced Cristiano Ronaldo, who left for Juventus in the summer, with Karim Benzema the only Real player to reach double figures in La Liga (13). He has scored 22 goals in all competitions, with Gareth Bale on 13 and Sergio Ramos on 11. None of those players have certain futures at Real, with captain Ramos, who has been at Real for 14 years, reportedly falling out with president

FC Porto Rejects Permanent Deal for Kelechi Nwakali Femi Solaja with agency reports

Arsenal and Nigerian midfielder, Kelechi Nwakali’s quest for a permanent switch to FC Porto where he is on loan may have failed following his inability to impress the Portuguese side in the ongoing season. The Golden Eaglets was celebrated some years back when he moved to London as a rising star in the rank of Arsenal during the last days of Arsene Wenger at the Emirates Stadium. With too many players in the pool for the former English Premiership side, Nwakali was sent on loan to Porto to improve himself with the hope that he will raise the bar for a return to the club or remain in Portugal and start a new life. According to Owngoalnigeria.com, Nwakali

joined the B team of the Portuguese side on a season long loan deal but he has failed to nail down a permanent spot in the starting line up of the team after 25 rounds of games in the Portuguese second division. He was expected to progress to the first team in order to trigger a permanent deal with the Portuguese giants but with just 15 matches to his name and a combined total of 852 minutes the club has decided against a permanent deal. The former Under-17 World Cup MVP will have return to Arsenal in the summer where a decision is expected on the next line of his career with two years left on his deal at Arsenal. Nwakali among the players expected to play a part for the Nigeria at the Under-23 Cup of Nations qualifying game against Libya later this month.

Perez. Wales forward Bale is expected to leave because of a

fractious relationship with the club’s fans - who have booed

glory like Marcelo and Toni Kroos have struggled too.

Zidane back to Santiago Bernabeu ten months after leaving the LaLiga giants

Owolabi Extols Ogunjobi’s Virtue rRecalls how he led Shooting Stars to Africa Cup of Champions final Duro Ikhazuagbe

As funeral rites begin tomorrow for former General Secretary of the Nigeria Football Association (NFA), Taiwo Ogunjobi who died on February 11, his former teammate at IICC Shooting Stars, Felix Owolabi has described the late football administrator as a true leader that will be hard to replace. Speaking on FUBS yesterday, a Wattsapp platform of eminent sports administrators, former sports men and women and sports journalists in the country, Owolabi said as Captain of IICC, “Ogunjobi possessed all the qualities of a true leader. He had charisma and aroma of a gentleman.” He recalled playing in the final of the 1984 Africa Cup of Champions Club against Zamalek of Egypt with the late Ogunjobi. “Of course, we played together in IICC Shooting Stars till the end of 1984 after we had lost in the finals of African Champions Club.” Even though Ogunjobi did not play in the return leg of the final at the National Stadium

in Lagos, which the Oluyole Warriors lost 1-0 through an Ogbein Fawole’s own goal, the memories of that game stayed with the players and their legions of supporters. IICC had lost the first leg 2-0 in Cairo before the debacle of an own goal at the Sports-city in Lagos. Owolabi gave an insight into how Ogunjobi who did not play for any big team in the country before travelling to the United States of America for further studies returned to become star of the Ibadan lords. “He returned from the US towards the end of 1982. He came for the compulsory one-year youth service. In fact, I facilitated his absorption into the Shooting Stars Team “In1983, Shooting Stars had just assembled young players from school after the exit of Muda Lawal, Best Ogedegbe, Segun Odegbami and other

top players when we lost a Challenge Cup quarter final match to Niger Tornadoes of Minna at Ahmadu Bello Stadium in Kaduna. “I was the only known player left in the club. A group of young, school boys from Oyo State who had just won the then Schools Sports Tournament were selected into the team. Those boys were the only option for the state to absorb into Shooting Stars in 1983 with me to compete in the 1983 National League. “I was the only big boy left then and was holding the position of the captainship which fell on me as the most senior player. So, when Ogunjobi came to join us on youth service, I was relieved and asked our coach at that time, Coach Niyi Akande to make Ogunjobi the captain of the team. “Shooting Stars won the National League and were

so hot that we qualified to play in the 1984 CAF Club Champions which we lost in that final to Zamalek. Our qualification brought back all the players who had earlier left the club except Best Ogedegbe,” Owolabi recalled with nostalgia. Ogunjobi later as General Manager led the Shooting Stars to win the inaugural edition of the now rested CAF Cup which trophy was donated by Bashorun MKO Abiola in 1992. He used his success as administrator as launch pad to higher terrain as he was appointed the General Secretary of the Nigeria Football Association in 2002. Ogunjobi held on to the position till 2005 before becoming board member from 2006 to 2010. The former Shooting Stars legend was the chairman of Osun State FA till he passed on last month after a brief illness.

UEFA CHAMPIONS LEAGUE

Ronaldo Carries Juve Hope against Atletico Juventus’s Champions League hopes are hanging on Cristiano Ronaldo pulling off another sensational comeback as the Italians trail 2-0 to defensive specialists Atletico Madrid going into the last 16, second-leg tie in Turin on Tuesday. “We didn’t expect to lose the first leg 2-0, but anything can happen, and we want to give a great response in our home, in front of our fans,” Ronaldo told Juventus TV ahead of the game in the Allianz Stadium. “These are the great nights, the fantastic ones: the Champions League nights,” he continued.

TODAY Juventus v Atletico Man City v Schalke 04

WEDNESDAY Kelechi Nwakali (left) has failed to get a permanent deal at Porto

him recently - and players. Other stalwarts of recent

Barcelona v Lyonn B’Munich v Liverpool

“The team is confident of playing a great game and I am too. To the fans I say: think positive, let’s believe. “Get ready to come back!” The seven-time reigning Italian champions bought Ronaldo last summer from Real Madrid for 100 million euros to end their Champions League heartbreak going back 23 years. The 34-year-old’s stunning overhead kick for Real in the quarterfinals in Turin last April had dumped Juventus out of the tournament once again. Expectations are high that he can reproduce his improbable hat-trick which lifted Real Madrid past Wolfsburg in April 2016 with the Spaniards 2-0 down to the Germans after the first leg. Juventus have come from behind in the elite European competition eight times – including in the 1996

quarterfinals against Real Madrid on their way to winning the title. They also lifted the European trophy in 1985, but have finished runners-up five times since their last success, including twice in the past four years. “CR7 is here for that,” wrote Italian sports daily Corriere dello Sport, of “a game Cristiano cannot get wrong.” “He wasn’t signed to win the Scudetto or to boost merchandising, Juve are waiting to end years of disappointments.” Ronaldo won five Champions League titles with Manchester United and Real Madrid and has scored a record 121 goals of which 57 have proved decisive. The top scorer in the Champions League for the last six seasons, he has however scored just once in this year’s competition, delivering a performance far below expectations in Madrid.

Tuesday March 12, 2019

UT H

& RE A S O

Price: N250

MISSILE Nwabueze to INEC

“The INEC chairman, Professor Mahmood Yakubu, owes it as a duty to Nigerians to certify by a formal declaration that the requirement of Section 134 (2)(b) of the constitution has been satisﬁed and that Buhari scored at least 25 per cent of the votes cast in each of at least ﬁve states outside the 19 states in the North” – Foremost constitutional lawyer, Prof. Ben Nwabueze, faulting INEC’s declaration of President Buhari winner of the February 23 election on account of the votes cast in only the northern region.

TUESDAY WITH REUBENABATI Nigeria 2019: Notes from the Field abati1990@gmail.com

hoever came up with the wise saying that Nigerian politics is dirty deserves an award for perspicacity. I have just returned from that dirtied, muddled up, confused, uncertain, unpredictable zone of Nigerian life and society with truck loads of stories in my head and enough impressions in my mind to last me another life-time. As you may be aware, I was Deputy Governorship candidate of the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) in the just concluded 2019 general elections in Ogun State. It was quite an experience. Before now, I had followed President Goodluck Jonathan to every nook and cranny of Nigeria during the 2015 Presidential campaign. I also served previously as a member of the Governing Council of Olabisi Onabanjo University (2003- 2007), member of the Board of Lagos State Security Trust Fund (2007 – 2011), and Official Presidential Spokesperson (2011 -2015). But I can tell you that the major lesson I have learnt in the last few months is that there is a serious difference between theory and practice in Nigerian politics. The reality of Nigerian politics puts a lie to what they teach us in Grad school, in all those seminars we attend across the world and what we experience as political appointees. Nigerian politics does not follow the rule book, the theories or what the book-makers say. This thing we call democracy, which Nigeria returned to in 1999, after mass protest and frustration with military rule, is not exactly the same democracy that they have in either the United Kingdom or the United States. Professional scholars of the subject may need to embark on a closer interrogation of a special sub-set called Nigerian democracy. Its features, post-1999, are unique. I have before now written about the violence that we encountered. In one piece, I reported how we narrowly escaped death and killing in Sagamu and how our campaign vehicles were vandalized. We later took the matter to the police and the Magistrate Court. We are still in court. On another occasion, in Abeokuta, after visiting the Hausa community in Abeokuta North, some of our vehicles were again vandalized. I didn’t even bother to report the incident. By then, violence had become the new normal not just in Ogun State but across the country. With reports of persons being killed in Rivers sate, gunshots in Lagos and mayhem in some other parts of the country, it would have been foolhardy to whine about broken vehicle windscreens. But we eventually had our real taste of violence when we visited Itori in Ewekoro Local Government just two days before the election. We went to see the Olu of Itori and his chiefs and the people of Itori to solicit for support. It was like going to the Lion’s Den. We had a good meeting; everyone was civil. Indeed, everything went well until area boys took over the streets and started attacking the Oba’s palace with stones and other weapons. We were told to ignore them and the meeting went on, but as time passed and dusk descended, the same people who had told us not to bother, started advising us to hurry up and leave the community. We learnt that Itori and the entire Ewekoro Local Government is Governor Ibikunle Amosun’s stronghold. The previous day, we were told, members of the All Progressives Congress (APC) were not even allowed to campaign in the community. They were chased away with a volley of bullets.

INEC Chairman, Prof. Mahmood Yakubu This time, we were better prepared. Our security men went after the Itori hoodlums. They chased them into streets and disarmed them. They also launched a rainfall of gunshots. The Itori boys ran when they faced superior fire power unleashed by a combination of policemen, Civil Defence forces, vigilante groups and the OPC. The Vigilante men were valiant. They dared the hoodlums. They overpowered them and seized their weapons. Axes and guns. One look at the kind of axes that had been arrayed against us, a decent person is likely to faint! We left that community surrounded by a combined team of courageous men who led us to safety. I thought I was somewhere in Syria. When I got home, I could not sleep. My feet were hurting as if someone had set them on fire. I had body ache. My heart was palpitating. It was as if someone was playing a rhythm of gunshots in my head. I had to ask Wale and Egunje to go and help me buy Lexotan tablets. When they got to the pharmacy, they were told that Lexotan is a prescription drug and that a doctor’s prescription would be required. I don’t know how they managed the situation, but they brought a tablet which helped to calm my nerves and I slept. At that point, I lost interest in the campaign. I kept seeing images of a shining axe. It was the kind of axe that would break any bone. Decent and serious-minded persons would continue to avoid Nigerian politics if we do not curb the menace of violence. Should decent persons summon the courage to go into politics, they too may help to deepen the culture of violence in an attempt to protect themselves. The first thing a Nigerian politician considers is how to come out of the process alive. In this last elections, persons were killed in Rivers. Oyo State became a hotbed of reprisal killing. Properties were destroyed in Kano… Yakubu Mahmood, the Chairman of INEC is not in a position to say that he did a good job. On March 9, the people were so scared and disappointed, they didn’t even bother to turn out in large numbers. The international community is relieved that in spite of everything, Nigeria, West Africa’s most strategic country, did not implode. I get the impression that Nigerians themselves are calm because the worst that they expected did not happen. They are glad to still have a country. I have also learnt that Nigerian politics is all about money. You can talk about poverty

index on television and in writing and quote those figures from the usual sources, but when you go onto the field of politics, you are bound to confront the reality of the poverty that has turned the Nigerian electorate into an endless community of beggars and cynics. The tragedy of Nigeria is the impoverishment of the people and the total collapse of values and dignity. Everywhere I went, people begged for money. They were not interested in policy documents, or campaign leaflets or gift items. They just wanted cash, raw cash. I ran into hordes of young men who earn a living by belonging to neighbourhood gangs and cults. They are not interested in any talk about development and progress, many of them are college graduates by the way, they just want money to buy “drink and smoke.” The Nigerian political elite, the professional wing that is, has over the years destroyed this country. The political field is peopled by hypocrites who exploit the people’s poverty. The people themselves have become dangerously cynical. When we campaigned on the streets and gave exercise books to mothers and their children, we were told: “Ko si owo, ko si ibo” - “no money, no vote.” Nobody was interested in exercise books! If people said as much as hello, they wanted you to pay for it. There were endless requests for mobilization fees, transformers, vehicles and all kinds of things. Two days to the election, the situation became almost unmanageable. I was asked to pick up bills at drinking joints. People stopped by and asked for money to “enjoy the rest of the evening”. Others came with requests for money to pay hospital fees, to take care of a newly born baby, to bury a relative, or to make a girlfriend happy. One political associate told me that every request was valid because as far as the Nigerian people are concerned, only a thief goes into politics and it is better to “take their own share” before the election. The real problem with Nigerian democracy must be the people themselves. I don’t yet have the the full picture in other parts of the country, other than Oyo State where the people seem to have voted according to their conscience. They taught Governor Abiola Ajimobi a lesson. They made it clear to him that careless talk is not a virtue in politics and that arrogance has serious consequences. But in some other parts of the country, like Ogun and Lagos states, money played a major role. The people collected money. They voted according to the size of their greed. If you don’t have money to throw away and close your eyes while doing so, may be you should never venture into Nigerian politics as it is today. I get the impression that the people do not trust their political leaders and the politicians. There may be slight differences here and there in terms of this affective and cognitive immersion in the Nigerian political process, but for the most part, the people believe that all politicians are the same. I was shocked by the level and size of cynicism that I saw. Going forward, Nigeria must address the crisis of campaign funding and finance. One Governor went on radio to boast that he will spend N7 billion to impose his candidate of choice on a state. The monthly Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) of the state in question is N7 billion. Nobody has taken up the issue. Similar acts of brazen silliness have been reported across the country. Going forward, we also need to worry more about the leadership recruitment process.

It must be possible for Nigerian democracy to accommodate and promote the best, those who are willing to serve, and who believe in Nigeria and higher causes. I also learnt many lessons about the psychology of Nigerian politics. I re-discovered our people and environment. I got a first-hand exposure to Nigerian politics, not as an observer-analyst but as a direct participant. I am better prepared for the future, and I have more than enough stories to tell. I want to thank Senator Buruji Kashamu for giving me the opportunity of this field experience and for his down-to-earth-ness, his sincerity, wisdom and the leadership that he provided. We fought hard in the courts to keep the ticket and we prevailed in the end. The PDP betrayed us up till the last minute but we are comforted that we stood for the truth and for justice. Senator Buruji Kashamu has since congratulated Prince Dapo Abiodun, the Ogun State Governor-elect. He has also visited him at home in Iperu-Remo. Dapo Abiodun has a duty and a responsibility to run an inclusive government that will address the interest of all the people of Ogun State. He should resist the temptation to be an Ijebu or APC Governor. I want to thank all the friends, family members and associates who supported me and stood by me. I am grateful to every member of our political family who devoted their time, energy and resources to the campaign. I also want to thank all the people who did their best to discourage me, and the professional trolls, haters and grumblers who have sent messages to mock me. I don’t feel discouraged. I believe Nigerian politics can be upgraded and rescued if we all summon the courage to get involved in it. We did not lose. We won in losing. That is the paradox of this experience and of the future that is to come. If I felt any sense of loss at all, the morning after, it was in fact, the shocking report of the death of Pius Adesanmi, Professor of English and African Studies at Carleton University, Canada, in the ill-fated Boeing 737 Max 8 aircraft that crashed a few minutes after taking off from Bole International Airport in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Pius was a member of our community, and he was one of the best and the brightest. He wielded a sparkling, lyrical and polemical pen which he deployed with the ease and confidence of a well-cultured intellectual. I was his fan. I enjoyed reading him because it was not difficult to see that his talent was original and that his intellect was solid and that the respect and admiration that he enjoyed was well deserved. He criticized me on many occasions but he was that kind of critic that left enough room for your dignity. I read many of his comments on my choices and interventions without feeling diminished. Why do bad things happen to good people? Why do flowers wither? Why Claude Ake? Why Pius Adesanmi? Ethiopian Airline has the best and the largest fleet in Africa. And now this… But who are we to question the Master Builder, the Great Architect Of The Universe who in one breath creates and in another breath, astounds us with the unexpected? Pius Adesanmi made his mark. If he were here, he would have had a lot more to say about the just concluded Nigerian elections. He was a significant public affairs commentator and a credible voice on all platforms. He was right: Nigeria remains, as he put it, “a nation in progress.” His death is a sad loss to the intellectual community.

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