LOCATION CONSULTING DESIGN & ENGINEERING DESIGN-BUILD CONSTRUCTION & CONTRACTING SEPTEMBER 2022 VOLUME 16 ISSUE 09 SAFE T Y FIRST. Austin employees have worked 5,047,777 hours without a Lost Time Accident through 7/2022. Your contribution to adhering to and enforcing our safety culture has ensured that you and your team members go home at the end of the day the same way they came to work. THE SAFETY NET IT’S ALWAYS SAFETY FIRST. CONSULT • DESIGN • ENGINEER • CONSTRUCT
• Make that 4 seconds if the weather is bad.
Driving Safety Tips Every Responsible Driver Should Know 08.18.2022 | Nationwide When you’re behind the wheel of a car – whether alone or with passengers – driving safely should always be your top concern. We’re more distracted than ever, so it’s crucial to know the basics of safe driving and practice them every time you’re on the road in order to drive responsibly. Here are some safe driving tips: TOP 4 DRIVING SAFETY TIPS FOCUS ON DRIVING Ignoring distractions while driving and maintaining focus on the road is key to driving safely. In order to keep focused while driving, you should follow these steps: • Keep 100% of your attention on driving at all times –no multi-tasking. • Don’t use your phone or any other electronic device while driving. • Slow down. Speeding gives you less time to react and increases the severity of an accident.
DEFENSIVE DRIVING
What is defensive driving? Defensive driving is when motorists use accident-preventing techniques with a focus on driving safely. You may even be eligible for a defensive driving discount . To practice defensive driving:
• Be aware of what other drivers around you are doing, and expect the unexpected.
• Assume other motorists will do something crazy, and always be prepared to avoid it.
• Keep a 2-second cushion between you and the car in front of you.
MAKE A SAFE DRIVING PLAN
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PRACTICE SAFETY
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3. Stay in the car If you’re on a busy highway, stay inside the car and wait for the police or an ambulance. It’s dangerous if passengers stand along a freeway or other road with lots of traffic. ...continued
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Build time into your trip schedule to stop for food, rest breaks, phone calls or other business. Adjust your seat, mirrors, and climate controls before putting the car in gear. Pull over to eat or drink. It takes only a few minutes.
1. Stay at the scene Leaving can result in legal consequences, like fines or additional violations.
• Be extra careful while driving during deer season.
2. Call 911 or the local police immediately They’ll dispatch an officer and medical personnel to the scene of the accident. Once the cops arrive, wait for them to complete an accident report.
Secure cargo that may move around while the vehicle is in motion. Don’t attempt to retrieve items that fall to the floor. Have items needed within easy reach – such as toll fees, toll cards and garage passes. Always wear your seat belt and drive sober and drug-free.
• Avoid driving when you’re tired. Be aware that some medications cause drowsiness and make operating a vehicle very dangerous. Learn more about drowsy driving.
If you’re in an accident, first make sure no one in the car is injured. Next, check on the passengers in the other vehicle, pedestrians and anyone else nearby to make sure they’re OK. Then do these five things:
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• Always use caution when changing lanes. Cutting in front of someone, changing lanes too fast or not using your signals may cause an accident or upset other drivers.
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MORE DRIVING SAFETY TIPS FROM NATIONWIDE
WHAT TO DO AFTER A CAR ACCIDENT
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• Don’t allow children to fight or climb around in your car – they should be always buckled in their seats. Too much noise can easily distract you from focus on the road.
COMMON SENSE ABOUT SAFE DRIVING
Find out more about what to do after an accident or a hit-and-run
5. When parking your vehicle, always be mindful of handicapped signs, fire hydrants, bus stop zones, parking restrictions for certain times of day, and parking spots that require permits. Just remember to heed all the signs.
3. Completely stop at stop signs and look for other drivers and pedestrians before you proceed.
It’s also illegal to have an open container of alcohol in your car. If you’re transporting alcoholic beverages, they should be sealed and in the trunk.
5. Contact your insurance provider
DRIVE RESPONSIBLY; ALL ABOUT DUI & DWI
4. Always obey the posted speed limit. Speeding tickets are costly, and penalties for speeding can include fines, court appearances and loss or suspension of your driving privileges. Also, depending on your insurance policy, speeding tickets can raise your rates.
Part of driving responsibly is to not get behind the wheel after consuming alcohol. Doing so not only puts yourself in danger, but it also risks the safety of others. Driving after drinking too much alcohol is known as Driving Under the Influence (DUI) or Driving While Intoxicated (DWI). Alcohol
slows your reflexes, temporarily lowers your mental acuity, and can thus compromise your ability to control a vehicle and drive it safely. And yes, even “buzzed driving” is still drunk driving and can be just as dangerous.
If you’re stopped at a checkpoint, you’ll be asked several questions and might be asked to perform a sobriety test (like saying the ABC’s backwards, performing some physical movements or breathing into an alcohol sensor).
4. Stay calm
Don’t get into an argument or a fight with the other driver. Simply exchange contact and insurance information. If possible, also get the name and phone numbers of witnesses.
Call your insurance provider to report the claim. Your agent will ask you for any paperwork you receive about the accident and will give you important information on getting your car fixed.
1. Never pass a stopped bus displaying a stop sign to its left. That means children are crossing the street.
A DUI arrest can lead to expensive consequences, including spending time in jail, a suspended driver’s license, and fines. If you hit and/or kill someone while you are driving impaired, the consequences are even worse.
Even if you must circle the block a couple times, it sure beats getting fined or having your car towed.
In some cities, law enforcement officials set up sobriety checkpoints along the road to identify and deter impaired drivers. These are typically set up during holiday weekends or on dates when there might be more drinking and driving.
If these tests show that you have high alcohol levels, the police may arrest you.
Some roadways are designated as low-speed zones. These include areas with high pedestrian traffic, such as school zones and streets lots of intersections close together. Driving over the speed limit can put you and others at risk of harm.
SPEEDING, TRAFFIC, & ROAD SAFETY LAWS
Here are some important laws to follow in order to properly practice road safety:
2. If you hear a siren coming behind you, pull to the side if you can, stop and wait until the police car or fire truck goes by.
All 50 states have now set .08% Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) as the legal limit for Driving Under the Influence, according to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) . For commercial drivers, it’s .04%. And if you’re under 21, it’s zero tolerance – any amount of alcohol is grounds for a DUI arrest.
• De-normalize marginalizing non-majority populations.
• Acknowledge the need for culturally competent mental health providers. Ensure benefit plans include culturally competent providers in network, connect employees to networks, and keep it updated.
• Avoid stigmatizing language. Conduct stigma awareness training with leadership as well as all employees.
• BIPOC are offered medication or therapy at lower rates than the general population.
As many companies are increasing efforts to be inclusive in their hiring practices, often overlooked is the gap that exists between employee populations. In research done by the Integrated Benefits Institute, (IBI) Insights, many minority populations including black, indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) and the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQIA+) community, have a lower likelihood of receiving diagnosis and treatment for mental health conditions.
The author of the blog, Carol Bonner offers a few actions that employers can take to address this issue.
08.10.2022 | EHS Today
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• Depression in minorities tends to have a disproportionately high burden of disability resulting from mental disorders.
Some of the reasons for this is due to poor access to mental health services as well as difficulty finding high-quality mental health care. Furthermore, many minorities feel that these inequities exist because health care providers cannot relate to them or are culturally insensitive, according to IBI.
IBI offers some statistics about minority mental health”
Minority populations have a lower likelihood of receiving diagnosis and treatment for mental health conditions.
• Native Americans experience serious psychological distress 1.5 times more than the general population.
• People who identify as being two or more races (25%), followed by Indigenous people (23%) reported having mental illness within the past year compared to White(19%) and Black (17%) groups.
A Closer Look at Minority Mental Health Status
• The rate of depression is lower in Black people and Hispanic people compared to White people; however, depression is likely to be more persistent in Black and Hispanic people.
• Higher rates of mental illness, substance use, and even suicide has been linked with discrimination and harassment of LGBTQIA+ employees.
• 41% said at least one driver or passenger was injured as a result of a crash, including 14% reporting five or more drivers or passengers being injured in a single crash.
Other findings: • 61% of the contractors said an increase in crashes has occurred during night work, with the major contributing factors being impaired driving, distracted driving and speeding.
The respondents also were asked about what changes could be made to help reduce work zone crashes, injuries and/or fatalities. Those believed to be most effective: increased police presence at work zone construction sites (81%), stricter enforcement of existing work zone laws (67%), closing roads and detouring traffic (61%), and stricter laws targeting cellphone use and distracted driving in work zones (61%).
AGC urges drivers to slow down and remain alert while passing through work zones during the summer driving season.
“The men and women of the construction industry are frequently working just a few feet, and sometimes inches, away from speeding vehicles,” Ken Simonson, chief economist at AGC and author of the survey, said in a press release. “Drivers who are too often distracted, speeding and/or under the influence crash into those work zones, putting workers and themselves at risk of serious harm and death.”
For their annual Work Zone Awareness Survey , Associated General Contractors of America and software company HCSS received more than 500 responses from highway construction firms around the country. Of the 65% of contractors who reported crashes in the past year, about half experienced five or more. Additionally, 18% said that at least one worker was injured as a result of a crash. Overall, 97% of the contractors indicated that the risk of a highway work zone crash is greater or about the same as it was a year ago, with 81% blaming cellphone use by drivers and 71% citing speeding.
Work Zone Awareness Survey: Majority Of Contractors Impacted By Crashes In Past Year 06.23.2022 | Healthy & Safety
Arlington, VA — Roadway workers remain at risk: Around 2 out of 3 highway contractors in a recent survey said motor vehicles had crashed into a work zone their firm operates in the past year.
• 5% experienced a worker fatality resulting from a crash, while 15% said a driver or passenger fatality occurred.
08.03.2022 | EHS Today
The good news? About 56% of respondents agreed that they had ideas on how to make the industry a safer place to work. It’s a reminder about a tenet of safety leadership: listen as well as ask. Everyone has a role to play when it comes to safety. Tellingly, 95% of workers believe more can be done to make their workplaces safer.
• 65% of electricians agree they use accurately rated test tools.
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• 68.1%, the majority of respondents agree (strongly agree/agree) that they participate in safety training/classes.
Nearly all respondents (97.5%) strongly agree or agree that workplace safety is connected to a strong safety culture, but only 37% agree that most companies have one. Over the past three years, agreement about having a strong workplace culture has declined.
“Signs and verbiage are not a safety culture,” noted one 55-64-year-old respondent from Ohio.
• 72.3% of workers say they rely on tool technology to keep them safe.
Findings from a recent survey may just surprise you. Safety is not to be brushed aside, though workers often overlook proper protocols--and that comes with great risk of potential harm.
When asked about who is most responsible for workplace safety, 31% of respondents strongly agree or agree that safety lies with workers/yourself. Supervisors and managers and safety managers also ranked high while company leadership and HR department ranked low. The survey authors surmise that “[o]ne way to read this information is that there is mixed sentiment on who is most responsible, yet there is evidence that everyone plays some part in ensuring workplace safety.”
• 56% of workers have ideas on how to make the industry safer.
• 47% are unsure whether innovative technologies are keeping them safer.
The survey was conducted in February 2022. More than 900 people from 49 states plus the District of Columbia responded. Respondents ranged from ages 17 to 74 with a majority between 45 and 64 years of age. The top industries represented were manufacturing, HVAC and construction. A majority of respondents (72.5%) were employees of a company, though 11.3% were self-employed and 9.4% were contractors.
• 78% believe electricians skip PPE sometimes because it’s inconvenient.
For the past three years, the annual Fluke Safety Survey has sought to identify trends in sentiment on a variety of workplace safety-related topics.
Who Owns Safety?
Additional survey highlights include:
• 68% participate in regular safety trainings or classes.
Perhaps, instead of reporting injuries, we should measure the preventive activities that help reduce our risk of injuries in the first place. In practice, this means that the next time someone in your facility is injured in an incident, rather than broadcasting the uncontrollable cost of medical treatment, share instead how many times you see cords draped across work areas or how many work areas have room for improvement with housekeeping. This way, the information reported shows your team the importance of prevention as opposed to the costs of occurrence.
Stop reacting and start focusing on preventative steps you can take to avoid accidents altogether. We all know how to respond when an accident occurs in our facility. First, we make sure the person involved is cared for and their injuries are treated appropriately. Then, we investigate. Sometimes, the causes and contributing factors are evident, and we can put plans and actions into place to prevent future accidents. Other times, the answers aren’t so Butclear.what if, rather than spending all that time, effort and energy on reacting to an accident, we direct those investments toward preventing accidents? We can never fully know when accidents and injuries are going to happen. But, by implementing prevention-based programs and value-added activities, we can keep our people and facilities safe. Here are four ways we can move the safety needle, all while improving safety performance and saving money.
4 Ways to Move the Safety Needle 08.04.2022 | EHS Today - Brenda Lovitz
As safety professionals, we’re asked to report on safety metrics related to how often injuries occur during a specified period of time and how much those injury claims cost our companies. For example, a $22,000 claim from a back injury while lifting or a $3,000 claim for a strained wrist from a slip, trip or fall.
1. MEASURE SAFETY PERFORMANCE THROUGH THE LENS OF PREVENTION.
• Hiring and training replacement workers (temporary or full-time) and
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• Proper personal protection equipment usage;
3. PLAN TO PREVENT.
Value-added safety training provides instruction for and reengages employees of all experience levels and responsibilities in the workplace.
• Ladder safety.
If you already have a safety committee, mobilize them to focus on prevention activities, which might be tools already in your accident prevention toolbox. Examples include checklists for:
4. TRAIN AND TALK TO YOUR TARGET AUDIENCE. Safety training is a critical part of all health and safety programs. OSHA clearly and succinctly explains those, by industry, in its Training Requirements in OSHA Standards publication.
Training is necessary and goes beyond compliance with laws and regulations. Preventative training can help to reduce the risk of incidents in the workplace, save lives and, in some cases, avoid accidents altogether.
For more information on what you can do to encourage workers to raise safety and health concerns, visit OSHA’s Safe and Sound Week resources. You can also contact your worker’s compensation insurance provider for further assistance with your specific exposures.
2. RECRUIT PEOPLE TO BE ON YOUR PREVENTION TEAM.
For too many workers and supervisors, the value of safety training is only realized after accidents or injuries occur.
Developing safety training that is engaging, interesting and in-depth is more than a requirement. It’s a way to further the message and improve safety within your organization.
• Overtime costs if replacement workers can’t be found. Supervisors lose even more of their time when they have to complete the necessary supervisor reports that accompany incident reporting. Such discussions are almost always eyeopeners when backed by data.
Developing critical lift, hot work and confined space plans are required because they keep people safe and increase safety awareness. If you know when and where accidents are happening in your facility, then you know where to focus your efforts, such as adding prevention steps into your Supervisorsprocedures.should always review upcoming work and projects. If they identify areas where accidents or near misses previously occurred, then they should make plans to prevent future hazards. This reinforces the idea that safety and accident prevention is possible.
• Slips, trips and fall prevention;
• Safe behaviors; and
Something else to consider is the connotation of safety committees versus prevention teams. Sometimes, safety committees are perceived as safety police. If the majority of what your safety committee does on the manufacturing floor is compliance-based, they’re probably not the most welcoming sights to workers. If your safety committee instead becomes a prevention team, there’s a better chance that workers will view and react to them in a different light. In fact, they may even help with problem solving efforts.
• Employee time off to be evaluated and treated,
• Production interruptions from fewer workers on the line,
If supervisors say they “don’t have time” to get creative in their prevention plans, remind them how much time injuries cost. For example, highlight some of the following costs:
In addition to safety training, accident prevention also provides an opportunity to talk about safety initiatives and get your team aligned on how best to do the job without getting Rememberhurt.that staying proactive is key to moving the safety needle. Start by following these four suggestions and then watch safety awareness and compliance improve.
“While data has been available on the types and rates of fatal and non-fatal falls, we need more information on the causes of those falls,” said Thomas Kramer, P.E., CSP, chair of the Z359 committee., in a statement “These new insights expand our knowledge so we can strengthen standards and ultimately prevent injuries and save lives.”
ASSP announced on August 10 that the ANSI/ASSP Z359 Fall Protection and Fall Restraint Committee will use the key findings from the Fall Experience Survey – which explored the root causes of falls from height – to enhance voluntary national consensus standards that guide safety at construction sites and many other workplaces.
Six key findings surfaced from the 671 responses to the Fall Experience Survey:
ASSP To Enhance Standards to Guide Safety at Construction Sites Staff A survey found that lack of adequate planning is a key underlying cause of falls.
08.16.2022 | EHS Today
Falls are the leading cause of death among construction workers, notes ASSP and despite the efforts of safety and health professionals to increase the use of fall protection, 368 construction workers and 805 workers across all industries died from falls in 2020, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Fall protection in construction has remained the most frequently cited OSHA violation each year since 2011.
• Respondents believe that lack of adequate planning is a key underlying cause of falls. Insufficient or ineffective planning was the most selected primary cause for falls (27.4%).
• Nearly half (48.8%) of respondents said that no fall protection was being used at the time of the fall.
• Workers employed by subcontractors face an elevated risk of dying from falls. Individuals who worked for a subcontractor at the time of the fall incident were 2.7 times more likely to die from the fall compared to those who worked for a general contractor.
• Rescue training may help reduce fall-related deaths. The odds of a fall being fatal were 76% lower for those who had self-rescue training compared to those who did not have this training.
• Lack of planning is associated with a lower likelihood of using fall protection. The odds of using fall protection were 71% lower for individuals whose employer or competent person did not do any planning compared to those whose employer or competent person did do planning or they were not sure.
The 20-page preliminary report published this month by CPWR provides an overview of the main survey findings, and additional reports with further analyses are planned.
• Employee beliefs about their company’s fall protection policy are strongly associated with the use of fall protection. Respondents who believed fall protection was required by their employer were 8 times more likely to use fall protection compared to those who did not believe fall protection was required.
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“It’s important to remember that all falls are preventable, and that drives us to collect better information that can foster operational solutions,” said Jessica Bunting, MPH, director of CPWR’s Research to Practice (r2p). “Our new data is directly from people who are knowledgeable about workplace environments where falls are common.”
07.12.2022 | Safety & Health
Since 2017, OSHA has investigated 10 deaths and numerous serious construction-related fall injuries in these counties.
Fall-Related Deaths And Injuries In Construction Spur OSHA Weekend Inspection Initiative
Denver — Deaths and serious injuries resulting from falls in the construction industry in recent years have prompted OSHA to launch an initiative to inspect worksites across Colorado’s Front Range , Montana and South Dakota on weekends, “when many employers typically do not monitor their jobsites well.”
Under the Weekend Work initiative, OSHA area offices in Denver and Englewood, CO, along with Billings, MT, and Sioux Falls, SD, will open workplace safety and health inspections on weekends in Adams, Arapahoe, Boulder, Broomfield, Denver, Douglas, El Paso, Jefferson, Larimer and Weld counties in Colorado; Carbon, Stillwater and Yellowstone counties in Montana; and Brookings, Lincoln, Minnehaha, Pennington and Union counties in South Dakota.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, a fall from height was responsible for 351 of the 1,008 deaths among construction workers last year.
The initiative is slated to run through the fall.
New OSHA Enforcement and Oversight Measures Aim to Reverse the Rise of Trench-Related Fatalities
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In the first six months of this year, 22 workers fell victim to the deadly hazards present in trenching and excavation work –surpassing 15 in all of 2021. Every one of these tragedies could have been prevented had employers complied with Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards. There simply is no excuse for ignoring safety requirements to prevent trench collapses and cave-ins, and leaving families, friends and co-workers to grieve when the solutions are so well-understood.
In a matter of seconds, workers can be crushed and buried under thousands of pounds of soil and rocks in an unsafe trench. The alarming increase in the number of workers needlessly dying and suffering serious injuries in trenching incidents must be stopped.
These actions will place additional emphasis on how agency officials evaluate penalties for trenching and excavation related incidents, including criminal referrals for federal or state prosecution to hold employers and others accountable when their actions or inactions kill workers or put their lives at risk.
In keeping with our National Emphasis Program for excavations, OSHA compliance officers will perform more than 1,000 trench inspections nationwide where they may stop by, and inspect, any excavation site during their daily duties.
Our agency is calling on all employers engaged in trenching and excavation activities to act immediately to ensure required protections are fully in place every single time their employees step down into or work near a trench.
07.15.2022 | Safety & Health - OSHA by Doug Parker
A recent incident in central Texas highlights the dangers of trenching and an impetus for OSHA’s action. On June 28, 2022, two workers, aged 20 and 39, suffered fatal injuries in Jarrell, Texas, when the unprotected trench of more than 20 feet deep collapsed on them as they worked. Trench shields, which could have saved their lives, sat unused beside the excavation.
OSHA stands ready to assist any employer who needs help to comply with our trenching and excavation requirements . We will conduct outreach programs, including safety summits, in all our 10 regions to help ensure any employer who wants assistance gets it. The stakes are too important. We also urge workers to contact their local OSHA or state plan office, or call 800-321-OSHA, if their employer requires working in or beside trenches that are not sloped, shored, or shielded and are five or more feet in depth.
States that operate their own Occupational Safety and Health plan have similar emphasis programs in place, and we encourage those states to consider additional measures, including criminal referrals for federal or state prosecution for trenching-related incidents.
NEW NATIONAL EMPHASIS PROGRAM
YOUR ENTIRE SAFETY PROGRAM COULD BE UNDER SCRUTINY
THE COST OF NOT COMPLYING
With summer in full effect, OSHA is ramping up investigations into heat-related illnesses in the workplace. This effort is in line with the new National Emphasis Program (NEP) on Outdoor and Indoor Heat-Related Hazards that took effect on April 8th. The program is designed to keep employees safe from heat-related illnesses and injuries and failure to comply could cost your business tens of thousands of dollars in unexpected fines.
Under the NEP , OSHA will increase compliance outreach efforts on “heat priority days,” -- days when the heat index is 80 degrees Fahrenheit or higher. Basically, any day in the summer. On such days, OSHA has the authority to conduct unannounced, on-site inspections of your business’s Heat Illness Prevention program. This investigation could include questions around training, a written Heat Illness Prevention Plan (HIPP) policy, heat illness prevention safety measures in place, worker acclimatization, and more.
However, the concern to the business owner does not stop with a Heat Illness Prevention Program. While OSHA has this open invitation to walk on to your site to investigate heat-related safety efforts, they can also investigate anything in plain sight. That means if they identify a hazard with a scaffold, equipment usage, or Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), they could issue a citation. If OSHA recognizes an unsafe practice, they can request to see training plans and documentation, specific policies, and JSAs. So, for the next several months, businesses all around the US should expect increased scrutiny over all aspects of their safety programs and failing to have a plan in place could prove costly.
BEAT THE HEAT & CITATIONS –HAVE A PLAN When it comes to safety, knowing “what you need” can be a challenge. Every company’s hazards and risk profile is unique to the work they do and where they do it. When it comes to heat, we recommend having a specific Heat Illness Prevention Program in place.
What’s Concerning about OSHA’s New Heat Emphasis Program 08.02.2022 | Safety Plus IS OSHA GOING TO SHOW UP UNANNOUNCED?
Since this new effort is not yet a Federal Standard, any citations of this NEP will be issued under The OSHA General Duty Clause, Section 5(a)(1) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act which requires employers to provide employees a workplace that is free from recognized hazards that are causing or likely to cause death or serious physical harm. OSHA citations under this clause can carry fines up to $14,502 per violation of Section 5(a)(1).
School buses are the safest vehicles on the road, and one of the safest modes of transportation overall. In fact, children are much safer traveling in school buses than in any other vehicle, whether they’re going to or from school, a field trip, or a sporting event. They’re even safer riding in a school bus than in a car with their parents.
School buses use a unique technology called compartmentalization—a passive occupant protection system. School bus seats, made with an energy-absorbing steel inner structure and high, padded seat backs, are secured to the school bus floor. Students are protected within the seating compartment much like eggs in a carton. Although school buses are extremely safe, we have investigated school bus crashes in which children were injured and even killed. These were typically side-impact crashes or high-speed rollovers. In these accidents, compartmentalization was not enough to prevent all injuries; for some of the children involved, a seat belt could have lessened their injuries or even saved their lives. As a result of our school bus crash investigations, we believe—and have recommended—that, when investing in new school buses, the purchased vehicles should provide children with the best protection available, which includes 3-point seat belts.
Every day across the country, nearly 500,000 buses carry more than 25 million students to and from school and activities.
Find the school bus safety resources and our investigation reports of school bus crashes involving both seat belted and nonbelted passengers, here
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School Bus Safety 08.2022 | NTSB.com
