IEM 53rd Annual General Meeting and Annual Dinner and Awards Night 2012
IEM 53rd Annual General Meeting and Annual Dinner and Awards Night 2012
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HOFFSET
JURUTERA
JURUTE
Number 5, May 2012
YANG DIPERTUA / PRESIDENT: Vincent
TIMBALAN YANG DIPERTUA / DEPUTY PRESIDENT:
NAIB YANG DIPERTUA / VICE PRESIDENTS:
SETIAUSAHA KEHORMAT / HONORARY SECRETARY:
BENDAHARI KEHORMAT / HONORARY TREASURER:
WAKIL AWAM / CIVIL REPRESENTATIVE:
WAKIL MEKANIKAL / MECHANICAL REPRESENTATIVE:
WAKIL ELEKTRIK / ELECTRICAL REPRESENTATIVE:
WAKIL STRUKTUR / STRUCTURAL REPRESENTATIVE:
WAKIL KIMIA / CHEMICAL REPRESENTATIVE:
WAKIL MULTIMEDIA / MULTIMEDIA REPRESENTATIVE:
AHLI MAJLIS / COUNCIL MEMBERS: Vacant Vacant
Vacant (3 posts)
BEKAS YANG DIPERTUA TERAKHIR / IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT:
BEKAS YANG DIPERTUA / PAST PRESIDENTS:
PENGERUSI CAWANGAN / BRANCH CHAIRMAN: 1. Pulau Pinang –2. Selatan –
5. Negeri Sembilan –
7. Terengganu –Ir. Vellan Vengo @ Perumal
11. Miri –12. Pahang –
AHLI JAWATANKUASA INFORMASI DAN PENERBITAN / STANDING COMMITTEE ON INFORMATION AND PUBLICATIONS 2012/2013: Vacant Vacant Vacant Vacant Vacant
Happy 53rd Birthday to IEM
by Ir. Yau Chau Fong Organising Committee, IEM Annual Dinner
The IEM 53rd Annual General Meeting and Annual Dinner and Awards Night 2012
by Ms. Suvarna Ooi
THE Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM) successfully held its 53rd Annual General Meeting (AGM) and Annual Dinner on 21 April 2012. The day began with the Annual General Meeting, held at Wisma IEM, which was chaired by Ir. Vincent Chen Kim Kieong, the Institution’s President for the 2012/2013 session. The Presidential Address was themed “VISION 100k”, which highlighted the President’s target for IEM to increase its membership from the current 20,000 to
of the 52nd AGM held on 16 April 2011. Thereafter, the Honorary Secretary presented his report for the session
well as some information on the membership. A total of
IEM’s Building Fund.
The Honorary Treasurer thereafter presented good news by announcing that the Institution had made a surplus of approximately RM500,000 in the year 2011. The major income earner was still membership subscriptions although rental had started to show an impact on the total income.
RM1 million for upgrading of IT Infrastructure, a project which was completed in 2011.
Various amendments to be made to the Constitution and Bylaws were also presented at the AGM, the key changes being the introduction of a few new grades of membership
the way to realise the President’s target for the increase in membership. New grades such as Senior Member and members.
highest turnouts of all time with more than 1,000 members, spouses and guests attending. The guest of honour was Y.B. Dato’Sri Douglas Uggah Embas, the Minister of Natural
Datin Sri Doreen Mayang.
Also present at the dinner were IEM’s Immediate Past President,Y.Bhg.Academician Dato’Ir. Prof. Dr Chuah Hean
Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Lim Chow Hock, the Chairman of the
sold more than 1,000 tickets.” Ir. Ti Lian Keong, Chairman of the IEM 53rdAnnual Dinner Organising Committee 2012, who concurred with him, added that, “Indeed, this dinner
members of the organising committee and support from all the engineers.”
The Annual Dinner and Awards Night began with an opening address by IEM President Ir. Vincent Chen followed by a speech by the minister who urged engineers
and address the issue of climate change as they were in the best position to act on these issues.
Dato’ Sri Douglas Uggah Embas, the Minister of Natural Resources and Environment
Award to a total of nine distinguished engineers, namely, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Paduka Ir. Prof. (Dr) Haji Keizrul bin Abdullah, Y.Bhg. Dato’ Ir. Prof. Abang Abdullah bin Abang Ali, Ir. Dr Gue See Sew, Y.Bhg.Academician Datuk Ir. (Dr) HajiAhmad Zaidee bin Laidin, Ir. Tuan Haji Mohd. Mazlan bin Md. Ismail Merican, Ir. P.E. Chong, Ir. Tuan Haji Abdul Rahman bin
IEM 53rd Annual General Meeting (AGM) was chaired by Ir. Vincent Chen Kim Kieong
Y.B.
of Malaysia delivering his speech
Yaacob (represented by his son Ir. Mohd. Amran bin Abdul Rahman), Allahyarham Tan Sri Dato’ Ir. Haji Halaluddin bin Mohd. Ishak (represented by his wife, Y.Bhg. Puan Seri Datin Khasmah binti Mohd. Khalil) and Ir. Dr Ooi Teik Aun. This was followed by numerous award presentations of higher learning for the year 2011. The recipients are indicated below:
paper was on “Tubular Strength Comparison of Offshore Jacket Structures under ARI RP 2A and ISO 19902”.
The Ir. Raja Tan Sri Zainal Prize, on the other hand, was awarded to Engr. Dr Lau Teck Leong for the best technical paper contributed by a Graduate discipline, on “Shear Design of Wide Beam Ribbed Slabs”.
Meanwhile, Sdr. Poon Wai Keat was awarded the Ir. Thean Lip Thong Prize for the best technical paper contributed by a Student Member for his paper entitled “The Flexural Toughness Performance of Ultra-High Performance Ductile Concrete (UHpdC)”.
was presented to Ir. Ahmad bin Thamby Kadir for the category, Puan Noor Hakimah binti Che Mohd. of Technip
Award for graduate membership in the organisation
The Ir. Tan Sri Hj. Yusoff Prize was awarded to Ir. Prof. DrArazi bin Idrus for the best technical paper contributed by
presentation by Gamuda Berhad, which was represented by
Recipients of IEM Honorary Fellowship 2012
Cik Fathin Ayuni binti Azizan
Recipients of IEM Best Technical Papers Award 2012
Recipients of The Most Supportive Award for graduate membership individual category, corporate membership category and organisation category
Ir. Chan Kong Wah. Gamuda Berhad had donated a total of RM50,000 towards the IEM Building Fund.
The IEM President then inducted Allahyarham Raja Tan Sri Ir. Zainal bin Raja Sulaiman, Y.Bhg. Tan Sri Dato’ (Dr) Ir. Haji Abu Zarim bin Haji Omar, Ir. T.T. Chiam and Y.Bhg. Academician Dato’ Ir. Lee Yee Cheong into the Engineering Hall of Fame 2012. The IEM Young Engineers Award 2012 went to Engr. Dr Lee Tin Sin.
Award 2012, to M.E.I. Project Engineers Sdn. Bhd., represented by Ir. Lim Kok Khong, on the successful completion of engineering, procurement and construction management (EPCM) for the AUO Sunpower Plant located on a 51.2 hectare site within the Melaka Solar Valley, Rembia Industrial Park, Alor Gajah, Melaka.
IEM President Ir. Vincent Chen Kim Kieong began his presidential address by expressing his gratitude to the IEM of the IEM for the 2012/2013 Session. He also
Council and IEM Members for their unceasing support, assistance and
of the issues and directions raised in his Presidential Address last year, which included the opening up of the equity of Professional Consultancy Practices to non-professionals. He reiterated IEM’s stand that the equity of Consultancy Practices should only be held by Professional Engineers and for Multi Discipline Practices the should be maintained.
Ir. Chen also pointed out that there had been widespread concerns about the standard of engineering graduates and the quality of the teaching which had allowed the standard of engineering graduates to deteriorate.As such, he had called for the drafting of an IEM Code of Ethics for engineers in the teaching profession.
had drafted a “Code of Ethics for Engineers in the Teaching Profession” which was presented and discussed at a forum on 10 April 2012. The IEM President expressed his wish for the “Code of Ethics” to become a beacon of inspiration for the engineering to restore the quality of engineering graduates.
In the past year, Ir. Vincent Chen noted that IEM had formed a Public Sector Engineers’ Special Interest Group to spearhead
daily and engaging the press as well as the authorities regularly. The IEM President encouraged the continuation of the efforts taken Professional Institution.
proposed that a Senior Engineers’ Special Interest Group be formed
be tapped by the Institution.
VISION 100k
this year’s theme would be “VISION 100k”. The latter is a target for
to reach out to their fellow engineers who were not yet members of IEM and ask them to join the Institution as membership can help them
IEM would not only become the largest professional Institution in to lobby for the best interest of the engineers and the profession. This would also ensure that IEM will be consulted on proposed legislations affecting the engineering profession, and that the
the Institution’s input.
by opening up a career path for talented professionals including engineers to reach the top.
In addition, he also reported that IEM has been more outward looking by keeping tabs on the many engineering issues that arise
The current membership in IEM is around 20,000 engineers, while the number of engineers in the country is estimated at about 140,000. As such, Ir. Vincent Chen pointed out there was a large pool of experienced and senior engineers that is outside the fold of IEM. In order to accommodate this group of senior engineers, he proposed the creation of a new grade of membership, Companion IEM, to enable these senior engineers to be part of IEM.
Recipients of IEM Engineering Hall of Fame Award 2012
Engr. Dr Lee Tin Sin receiving the IEM Young Engineers Award 2012 Ir. Lim Kok Khong from M.E.I. Project Engineers Sdn. Bhd. receiving the IEM Outstanding Engineering Achievement Award 2012
up
Vincen exp or Cou unc yea
IEM President Ir. Vin IEM
The Future of Ferrocement in the Boat Building Industry
by Ir. Prof. Dr Ab. Saman bin Abd. Kader
1. BACKGROUND
The increasing cost and shortage of timber for boat construction have become serious issues that affect
surface cover of the mortar over the reinforcement and the
2. HISTORY OF FERROCEMENT
(Continued on page 12)
Irene,hadaferrocement
3. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
(Continued on page 14)
Irene
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4. APPLICATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF FERROCEMENT
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Figure 1:
Figure 2: Steel frame for ferrocement hull construction
5. SAFETY OF FERROCEMENT IN THE MARINE INDUSTRY
Figure 3: Reinforcing wires and mesh
6. CONCLUSION
Ferrocement has a bright future in the marine
REFERENCES
[1] A Report of an Ad Hoc Panel of the Advisory Committee on Technology Innovation Board on Science and Technology for International Development
IEM Awards Committee
CONGRATULATIONS
Y. Bhg. Dato’Ir. Loh Kim Mon
(WiSET 2012) ( ‘WE MAKE THE DIFFERENCE’ DIFFERENCE HOTEL ISTANA, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA 14 –16 JUNE 2012
Keynote Speakers:
Minister of Women, Family & Community Development Malaysia
Speakers:
Dr Marlene CPEng
Dr Marlene Kanga (FIEAustCPEng)
National President Elect, Engineers Australia (EA)
Speakers:
Y.Bhg. DatukIr. Rosaline Ganendra The Institution of Engineers ,Malaysia (IEM), WiSETAdvisor
Datuk Ir. Rosaline Ganendra WiSET Advisor
For further details and registration please visit:
Ms. BashayerAl Awwad Chairman of WFEO Women in Engineering (Kuwait)
Prof . Sr. Dr Wan MaimunWan Abdullah Royal Institution of Surveyors Malaysia (RSIM)
Madam Khairiah Talha Council Member and Past President of Malaysian Institute of Planners (MIP), Managing Director KWA Planners
The HonourableMadam Jenny C.L.Wei(P.E.) Chinese Institute of Engineers (CIE) Taiwan Chairman of CTCI Machinery Corporation, Taiwan ROC
www. mywiset.org www.IEMWomenEngineers.org
Y.Bhg. Dato’ HafsahHashim Chief Executive Officer, SME Corp Malaysia
PARTNERSHIP WITH:
Prof. Dr HalimatonHamdan, FASc Academy of Sciences Malaysia (ASM), Under Director, National Nanotechnology Directorate, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI)
Fax: +603-7957 7678 (FIEAust CPEng) ional (E
Prof. Dr Halimaton Hamdan, FASc (on
SUPPORTED BY:
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Titanium and Titanium Alloys for the Future Metal Working Industry
1. INTRODUCTION
Commerciallypuretitaniuminitsunalloyedstatehasapurity ranging from 99% to 99.5% titanium. The main elements in unalloyed titanium are iron and the interstitial elements like carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Titanium alloys are metallic materials, which contain a mixture of titanium and other chemical elements. Such alloys have very high tensile strength and toughness. They are light in weight, possess extraordinary corrosion resistance, and ability to withstand extreme temperatures.
In this article, the history, categories, facts, properties, and applications of titanium and titanium alloys are discussed precisely. Even though titanium is in abundance in nature, it was not until the 18th century that it was discovered. This can be explained because titanium does not exist by itself but it is found in conjunction with other elements. It is found in the minerals ilmenite and rutile at produce in large quantities, while it is also extracted from minerals such as leucoxene, perovskite, brookite, sphene, and anatase. Automotive industries use titanium alloys in engine components due to its durable properties in these high-stress engine environments.
Commercially pure titanium has acceptable mechanical propertiesandbeenusedfororthopedicanddentalimplants. Titanium is alloyed with small amounts of aluminium and vanadium, typically 6% and 4% respectively, by weight and this mixture has a solid solubility which varies dramatically with temperature, allowing it to undergo precipitation strengthening. This heat treatment process is carried out before it put to use.
2. HISTORY
impure form in the year 1971. It was later given the name titanium after the titans, in Greek Mythology, the sons of the sky and earth gods by a German chemist, Martin Kloproth, when he found a dioxide of the titanium metal in rutile, ilmenite, and in many other widely dispersed ores. In 1910, pure titanium was manufactured by M.A. Hunter, an American Chemist. Hunter was able to extract the metal from the ores and developed the process of mixing rutile ore, titanium oxide with chlorine and coke, then applying
by Dr Thoguluva Raghavan Vijayaram
extreme heat, producing titanium tetrachloride, which was further reduced with sodium to form titanium. The Hunter process successfully produced high quality titanium. Dr Wilhelm Kroll, in 1946, developed the process currently used for producing titanium commercially [1].
The Kroll process reduces titanium tetrachloride with magnesium. This multi-batch, high temperature process point where its applications are restricted to the high-priced, niche markets. The Armstrong process, developed by International Titanium Powder LLC, is a method of making
This process operates at low temperature, in low pressure, and in small volume equipment. Therefore, capital cost and labor cost is greatly reduced. The product does not require from the Hunter or Kroll process [2]. The powder is suitable for various applications such as powder metallurgy, spray forming, and for other near net shape processes. Small diameter and high purity powder is produced directly now.
3. CATEGORIES OF TITANIUM ALLOYS
Titanium alloys are metallic materials, which contain a mixture of titanium and other chemical elements. Such alloys have very high tensile strength and toughness. They are light in weight, possess extraordinary corrosion resistance, and ability to withstand extreme temperatures. Generally, alpha-phase titanium is stronger and less ductile, but beta-phase titanium is more ductile. Alpha-beta-phase titaniumhasamechanicalpropertywhichisinbetweenboth. Titanium dioxide dissolves in the metal at high temperatures, and its formation is very energetic. Automotive industries use titanium alloys in engine components due to its durable properties in these high-stress engine environments.
Commercially pure titanium has acceptable mechanical properties and been used for orthopedic and dental implants [3]. Titanium is alloyed with small amounts of aluminium and vanadium, typically 6% and 4% respectively by weight, and this mixture has a solid solubility which varies dramatically with temperature, allowing it to undergo precipitation strengthening. This heat treatment process is carried out before it is put to use, allowing much easier fabrication of a high-strength product.
4. FACT SHEETS OF TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALLOYS
The facts of titanium and titanium alloys in general, physical, mechanical, thermal properties and applications are presented below in Tables 1, 2, and 3 [4].
GENERAL FACTS OF TITANIUM AND
1. Lustrous, silver metal
2. Superior strength, yet light weight
3. Corrosion resistant
4. It can withstand extreme temperatures
5. Capable of being fabricated into a variety of parts
TITANIUM ALLOYS
6. Biocompatible: medical implants used in the human body
PHYSICAL, MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM Tensile
Velocity of sound4140 m/sec
Modulus of Elasticity115 Gpa
Modulus of Rigidity44 Gpa
Bulk Modulus 108 Gpa
Poisson’s ratio 0.33
Percentage Elongation54%
Mineral hardness6.0
Brinell hardness716
Vickers hardness970
Electrical resistivity0.0000004 micrometre
Thermal conductivity22 W/m/K
Thermal expansion 0.00086 / K
Enthalpy of fusion18.70 KJ / mol
Enthalpy of vaporization425 KJ / mol
Enthalpy of atomization 471 KJ / mol
Melting Point 1668 degree C
Boiling Point 3287 degree C
Super conduction temperature-272 degree C
Table 3: Applications
APPLICATIONS OF TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALLOYS
1.Airplanes
2. Nuclear disposal
3. International space station
4.All type of spacecrafts
5. Computers
6.Automobiles
7. Buildings
8. Desalination plants
9. Oil rigs/offshore platforms
10. Vessels
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Table 1: General fact sheet
Table 2: Properties of titanium
5. PROPERTIES
Generally, alpha-phase titanium is stronger and less ductile, but beta-phase titanium is more ductile. Alpha-beta-phase titanium has a mechanical property which is in between both. Titanium dioxide dissolves in the metal at high temperatures, and its formation is very energetic. These two factors
amount of dissolved oxygen, and so may be considered a Ti-O alloy. Oxide precipitates offer some strength but are not very responsive to heat treatment and can substantially decrease the alloy’s toughness.
Nitinol, a shape memory alloy, is a mixture of titanium and nickel, while niobium-titanium alloys are used as wires for superconducting magnets. Many alloys also contain titanium as a minor additive but, since alloys are usually categorised according to which element forms the majority of the material, these are not usually considered “titanium alloys” as such [5]. Titanium is a strong, light metal. It is as strong as steel but 45% lighter. It is also twice as strong as aluminium but only 60% heavier. Titanium is a lightweight metal having a density of 4.54 gm/cc, which is intermediate between that of aluminium and iron. It has a melting point of 1,668 degrees C, which is higher than that of iron, and a modulus of elasticity of 16,800,000 lb/square-inch, which is intermediate between the values for aluminium and iron. The crystal structure of titanium is HCP at room temperature.
Pure titanium can be cold rolled at room temperature to above 90% reduction in thickness without serious cracking. Such extensive deformability is unusual for HCP metals like titanium and it is mostly related to the low c/a ratio of titanium. The relatively high ductility of HCP titanium is attributed to the many operative slip systems and available twinning planes in the titanium crystal lattice. Plastic deformation in titanium HCP is dominated by twinning planes. The type of slip in titanium is also very dependent on the concentration of interstitial impurity atoms such as oxygen and nitrogen. Most of the titanium alloys are ternary and quaternary and are not binary alloys.
microstructure. Alloys that consist mainly of the alpha phase are called alpha-titanium alloys. If it has an alpha phase along with a beta phase, then it is called as alpha-beta titanium alloy. Finally, if an alpha-beta titanium alloy is stabilised at room temperature after cooling from a solution heat treatment, it will become a beta-titanium alloy. Alpha titanium alloys are non-heat treatable and weldable. They have medium strength, good notch toughness, and good creep resistance at elevated temperatures.Alpha-beta titanium alloys are heat treatable to attain a moderate increase in creep strength. They also have good forming properties, but do not have good creep resistance at elevated temperatures as the alpha titanium alloys. Beta alloys are heat treatable to achieve very high strengths and posses excellent formability. These alloys have relatively high density and in the high strength condition have low ductility [6].
6. APPLICATIONS OF TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALLOYS
Pure titanium is considered as an alpha phase alloy in which the oxygen content determines the grade and strength. It is lower in strength but more corrosion-resistant and less expensive than titanium alloys. It is used primarily when strength is not the main requirement. It has an excellent the petroleum processing industry, especially for heat exchangers. It is palladium to commercially pure titanium improves its corrosion resistance in reducing media. Unalloyed titanium is used to design and process air frames, desalination equipment, marine chemical parts, plate type heat exchangers, cold spun or pressed parts, platinized anodes, aircraft engines, condenser and evaporator tubes, surgical implants, high speed fans, and gas compressors [7].
(Continued on page 23)
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One important and commercial alpha titanium alloy, which we use today has the nominal composition of Ti5%, Al-2.5% and 2.5 Sn. It is an all-alpha alloy because aluminium and tin both stabilise the alpha phase in titanium. This alloy is weldable and has good stability and oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures, and its strength is moderate. All alpha titanium alloys have the HCP crystal structure of titanium. Alpha titanium alloy is a weldable alloy for forgings and sheet metal parts such as aircraft engine compressor blades and ducting, and used to produce steam turbine blades. Besides, it is applied as a special grade material for high-pressure cryogenic vessels operating down to -423 degree F. Hence, for applications requiring good ductility at low temperatures, a low oxygen type Ti-5%, Al-2.5% Sn alloy is produced. It has desirable properties such as good weldability, good creep resistance, and toughness, high strength, low ductility, and high modulus. This alloy is normally used in the annealed condition, after performing mill annealing and duplex annealing.
Near alpha titanium alloys are applied to produce airframe and jet engine parts requiring high strength of up to 455 degrees C, parts and cases for jet engine compressors, airframe skin components, and jet engine parts [8]. Ti-6% Al-4% V is the most important and widely used titanium alloy, accounting for 60% of the titanium market in 1989. It can be readily welded, forged, and machined, and it is available in a wide variety of mill product forms such as sheets, extrusions, wire, and rod. It is also used extensively for ordnance forgings. For special applications requiring strengths at elevated temperatures, such as components for advanced jet engines, the Ti-6% Al-2% Sn-4% Zr-6% Mo and Ti-6%Al-2% Sn-2% Zr-2% Mo-2% Cr-0.25% silicon alloys have been developed. They are more hardenable and can be used in heavier sections and as well as at higher temperatures.
Alpha-beta titanium alloys are used to manufacture rocket motor cases, blades, and disks for aircraft turbines and compressors, structural forgings and fasteners, pressure vessels, gas, and chemical pumps, cryogenic parts, ordnance equipments, marine components, steam turbine blades, structural aircraft parts, and landing gears, airframes and jet engines, missile forgings, aircraft sheet components, aircraft hydraulic tubing, foils, and
of beta stabilising alloying elements are added to titanium, a structure consisting of all metastable beta phase can be obtained at room temperature by quenching or even in some cases by air cooling. These alloys are usually used in the solution treated and aged condition in order to obtain their high strengths and they have the highest strengths of all titanium alloys, reaching up to 210 ksi. More than 100 titanium alloys have been offered commercially since the
Titanium and titanium alloys are used in airplanes, missiles and rockets where strength, low weight and resistance to high temperatures are important. Since titanium does not react within the human body, it is used
biological implants. Unfortunately, the high cost of titanium has limited its widespread use. Titanium and its alloys are
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attractive engineering materials for structural applications in the aerospace industry. They have a high strength to weight ratio, high-elevated temperature properties up to 550 degrees centigrade, and excellent corrosion resistance, particularly in most natural environments. These alloys are more expensive than the common metals. These alloys do compete effectively in many areas, where their special properties can be used to advantage. For example, high strength to weight ratio and high elevated temperature properties of titanium alloys are of prime importance in the aerospace industry.
The new Beta-21S titanium alloy has the nominal composition as Ti-15Mo-2.7Nb-3Al-0.2S and has excellent oxidation resistance and elevated tensile properties for a metastable beta alloy. In addition, Beta-21S has excellent corrosion and hydrogen resistance. Proposed use of this alloy is for applications involving extended exposure at elevated temperatures. The high molybdenum content of this alloy provides excellent high temperature stability and the niobium content is responsible for its excellent oxidation resistance. Beta-21S has superior oxidation resistance compared to commercially pure titanium and has roughly 20 times better oxidation resistance than the Ti-15-3 alloy (Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al) after exposure at 650 degrees C for 24 hours. Titanium has been one of the key materials used in all space launchers, spacecrafts, and the space station.
7. CONCLUSIONS
It is concluded that titanium and titanium alloys have very high tensile strength and toughness.They are light in weight; possess extraordinary corrosion resistance, and have the ability to withstand extreme temperatures. It is stronger and less ductile, but beta-phase titanium is more ductile. Alphabeta-phase titanium has a mechanical property which is
in between both. Titanium and titanium alloys are used in airplanes, missiles and rockets where strength, low weight and resistance to high temperatures are important. Titanium does not react within the human body and is used to create implants.
8. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author wishes to express his thanks and gratitude to the Faculty of Engineering and Technology (FET), Multimedia University (Melaka Campus), Bukit Beruang, 75450, Melaka, Malaysia.
Note: The author is a Principal Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University (Melaka Campus), and may be contacted at thoguluva@mmu.edu.my
REFERENCES
[1] Callister, W.D., Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction, John Wiley (New York), 1985.
[2] Carter, G.F. and Paul, D.E. (ed.), Materials Science and Engineering, ASM International (materials Park, OH), 1991.
[4] Van Vlack, L.H. Elements of Materials Science and Engineering, Addison-Wesley (Reading, MA), 1985.
[5] Peters M, Kumfert J, Ward C.H, and Leyens.C, Advanced Engineering materials, Vol 5 (6), pp: 419-427.
[6] E.W. Collings, The Physical Metallurgy of Titanium Alloys”, ASM International Metals Park, OH, 1984.
[7] Titanium, G. Lutjering and J.C. Williams, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2003.
[8] J.C. Williams and E.A. Starke, Jr., “Progress in Structural Materials for Aerospace Systems”, Acta Materialia, Vol. 51, pp. 5775-5799, 2003.
REVISED GUIDELINES ON IEM LOG BOOK TRAINING SCHEME
Graduate Engineers applying to undergo practical training using the IEM Engineer’s Log are required to take note of the revised IEM Log Book Training Scheme guidelines which will take effect from 1 June 2012. The guidelines may be downloaded from www.myiem.org.my
CONTRIBUTIONS TO WISMA IEM BUILDING FUND
RM 1,926,601.20 from IEM Members and Committees
RM 621,502.00 from Private Organisations
TOTAL RM 2,548,103.20 (ANOTHER RM 9,601,896.80 IS NEEDED)
LETTER TO THE EDITOR – THE STAR
ARE EIA REPORTS ADDRESSING ALL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS?
THE Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM) shares the concerns of the Malaysian Nature Society (“No more roadkill, please” in The Star, 24 February, 2012) about the many infrastructure projects that are cutting through natural forest reserves without consideration for the wildlife that the projects are encroaching on. The much touted “Sustainable Green Transportation Policy” and the mandatory Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) reports that are designed to protect the long term survival of the environment have often failed to address these very concerns, including those related to the protection of wildlife in general and of endangered species in particular.
In the Klang Valley where three new highways have beenproposed,twoofthemareknowntobecuttingthrough forest reserves that will encroach into and affect the natural environment in these reserves. These highway projects should seriously consider the welfare of the wildlife, as well as how their movement, safety and survival are affected. The IEM calls on the authorities to avoid having highways that cut through forest reserves in order to ensure the long term sustainability of these natural environments. Granted
impact should be minimised with the implementation of a proper environmental and engineering design that would, for example, provide for underpasses for the movement of wild animals crossing the highways.
EIA reports must address ALL environmental concerns and such reports should be taken seriously and implemented by all parties involved in a project. Perhaps some endangered species may then be spared the onslaught of possible extinction in our country! n
LETTER TO THE EDITOR – THE SUN
EARTHQUAKES NOT A SERIOUS THREAT AT THE MOMENT
“But We Need to be Prepared as the Situation May Change”
Editor’s Note: In response to the article “Are We Ready for an Earthquake?” which appeared in The Sun newspaper on 8 March 2012, IEM issued the following statement which was published on 14 March 2012.
IN view of the perception that the occurrences of earthquakes have become more frequent, there has been, understandably, a corresponding increase in people voicing their concerns on how prepared we are if a “big one” were to strike us. The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM) would like to assure the public that, based on current evidence and studies, the danger of earthquakes to buildings and other engineering structures in Malaysia is relatively small.
All major earthquakes have originated outside our country, and within Peninsular Malaysia, only a few minor quakes were recorded. The effects from all of these earthquakes have caused relatively minor damage to our buildings and other structures. This is because buildings which are properly designed to meet the Malaysian Standards (previously the British Standards) using the “in-situ, reinforced concrete framed” construction method popularinthiscountrywouldhavesomedegreeofresilience against earthquakes inherent in the structure. They will not be easily damaged or collapse from minor shocks.
However, the IEM understands that earth conditions may change and previously inactive geological fault lines may become active, as has happened before in other parts of
the engineering design practice would then need to adapt to the changing environmental conditions, and so will the corresponding need to adopt more stringent standards and codes of practices. To be prepared for such potential concerns,theIEMincollaborationwithStandardsMalaysia and the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), is leading a study to determine if there is a need for a national standard for the earthquake design of
professional organisation, the IEM needs the support and funding from the government and other organisations to sustain its efforts. n
PLANNING AND MAINTENANCE A MUST TO PREVENT LANDSLIDES
THE article that appeared in the 10 March 2012 (Saturday) issue of The Star by the Director-General of the Public Works Department, Datuk Mohd. Noor Yaacob, is very timely in reminding the public, as well as the engineers and various authorities involved in hill-site development, on the importance of the recommendations made in the National Slope Master Plan (NSMP). The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM) lauds the initiative by the Public Works Department and other authorities, as well as the support given by the Works Minister towards the NSMP. The IEM fully supports the NSMP and has also been actively reaching out to educate the public and various local authorities on the dangers of hill-site development as well as ways to mitigate the dangers of landslides.
In addition to the recommendations made in the guidelines that emphasise on the investigation and planning that needs to be done prior to any development on hillslopes. The Institution is of the opinion that it is the proper engineering input during planning and design that is of paramount importance in reducing the dangers of landslides, and hopes that the relevant authorities will adopt its recommendations and guidelines as part of their standard hillslope development requirements.
Furthermore, all requirements should be effectively enforcedandthebestwaytodoitwouldbethroughacentral federal agency that is empowered to work with the many authorities that are responsible for hillslope development. Amongst its many functions, this central body will have the following roles:
1. To advise the Local Authorities on the approval and control of the safety of all future developments on or adjoining slope sites.
2. To monitor and track the implementation of registered recommended mandatory maintenance procedures/ programmes and to advise the Local Authorities to implement such maintenance procedures/programmes in the event that the relevant responsible parties fail to do so.
3. All developments, falling under the jurisdiction of the Agency, shall be required to obtain the consent of the Agency prior to the development being issued with Authorities.
4. All proposed land use conversions to residential and commercial purposes in the country shall take into account hill-site safety issues and shall follow advice from the Agency.
5. If necessary, the technical department of the Local Authority may need to be upgraded in order to have
implementation.
The IEM believes that legislating engineering guidelines and ensuring that they are implemented is pivotal in the effort to mitigate the dangers of landslides and to avoid the unnecessary death and destruction that often follow. The Institution is ready to assist the government in its efforts to set up such a body as well as in the many other efforts to ensure safe hill-site development. n
Ir. Prof. Dr Lee Teang Shui Honorary Secretary
The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia Session 2011/2012
ENGINEERING DIGEST
RM192 Million Contract Awarded to Muhibbah JV in Australia
Monadelphous Muhibbah Marine JV, Muhibbah Engineering (M) Bhd’s 50:50 joint venture with Monadelphous Group
(Sourced from BERNAMA)
Taiwan-based Phison to Set Up Malaysian Branch
(Sourced from The Star)
Fifth Batch of Engineering Students Heading for Japan
Japanese language.
(Sourced from The Star)
Growing Business for MAS MRO Venture in India
and overhaul (MRO) business in Hyderabad, India, is set for
Malaysian unit would be based in the northern region as Bhd, as the main partner for its Malaysian unit. Pua said that He also pointed out that the Malaysian unit would have the Malaysia.
(Sourced from The Star)
Technological University Planned for Sibu to
Meet Demand for Skilled Workers
To meet the high demand for skilled workers arising from by 2030, at least 100,000 more engineers and another half a and management training.
to triple in the next 10 years.
(Sourced from The Star)
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Key Messaging
THIS month, we look at Key Messaging. Key Messaging involves getting your key points to remain in the minds of your audience.
In management meetings, I have seen two opposing types of managers. On one end of the spectrum is the presenter with over 100 slides, and on the other end is the savvy type with no more than 10 slides. We all know we should be somewhere in between. The number of slides also depends on the situation.
Lengthy messages will throw off anyone. Lengthy safety messages tend to sound preachy. With that in mind, let us have a look at the diagram below.
At the base of the pyramid is a whole training course course. This is probably the most lengthy of any course!
Moving up the pyramid is communication to the safety team (e.g. safety engineers, safety committee and people who need to deliver safety messages). The message comes in the form of a toolkit. There might be presentation decks, videos, posters, statistics, safety alerts, activities, etc., inside the toolkit. The message is shorter and other “tools” come into play. Guide them on how to use the toolkit.
A few sentences?
by Ir. Shum Keng Yan
Now, we start to move to messages for the employees We need to segment employees into those who need to do the work and those who just need the awareness. Those who just require awareness will need a very short message. Those who need to perform the task will need
can include some background information; yet it should not be too lengthy.
Just below the apex is the middle management team. They can range from Supervisors to Line/Departmental Managers. This group is interested in actions on how they can “Walk the Talk”. The messaging here will be shorter than for the employees group.
At the apex is the senior management key messaging. Usually, this group does not have the luxury of time. A quick brief on key points comes across more strongly for them. On some occasions, there will be longer trainings for them.
I think you might have noticed that as you move up the pyramid, the luxury of time decreases and the depth of knowledge required is less. This is the rule of thumb. Keep the above in mind when you structure your next communication. Think key messaging – how much does the audience really need to know and remember. The point is to get to the point.
Key Messaging in Engagement
Senior Management – key messages to deliver tone at the top – not lengthy trainings
1 page
1 – 5 pages
1 toolkit
1 course
Middle Management – key responsibilities, walking the talk – length more than for Senior Management but less than for employees
Employees – how to do my part, reduce the theory portion – length should be just enough
EHS Team – wide overview of the topic, know the information when required – length depends on subject
Subject Matter Expert – provide in-depth skills training and
Advancing Heavy Lifting Services In Malaysia
The 21st Tan Sri Ir. Prof. Chin Fung Kee Lecture: “Engineering and Entrepreneurship – Is it an Oxymoron?”
Tel : 605 - 357 4100 (Office)
H/p : 012 - 505 7127 -(Lam)
Email : cgeolam@gmail.com
Website : www.centralgeomachinery.com
THESE questions were posed at the 21st Tan Sri Ir. Prof. Chin Fung Kee Lecture where esteemed businessman and engineer Tan Sri Engr. Dr Francis Yeoh Sock Ping tackled his topic of the day, which was, “Engineering and Entrepreneurship: Is it an Oxymoron?” The prestigious annual event, which was held on 5 November 2011, was organised by The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia, and The Engineering Alumni Association of the University of Malaya. JW Marriott Hotel Kuala Lumpur played host to about 450 participants who came from various parts of Perak, Selangor and the Klang Valley.
Having succeeded in both engineering and entrepreneurship, Tan Sri Yeoh handled the topic at hand with ease. In the one-hour lecture, he outlined the challenges he faced in the construction business and how management skills. He attributed the success of the YTL Group to the extraordinary feats performed by Malaysian engineers, which involved applying the principles of the three key Languages of Success, namely:
a) Language of God, which is the need to have a high moral standard and integrity;
b) Language of Man, which is the ability to articulate a vision and also excel in widely used languages such as English, Bahasa Malaysia and Mandarin; and
c) Language of Machines, which is to embrace Information Technology (IT) such as the Internet.
He capitalised on these Languages to build a successful business conglomerate comprising the property, power, railway, water and sewerage, and telecommunication
by Ir. Yee Yew Weng and Ir. Chua Chai Guan
sectors – a convincing argument that entrepreneurship and engineering is indeed not an oxymoron, but rather, a goal to which all engineers can aspire to. He encouraged the younger generation not to be afraid of competition but to learn to adapt to the fast changing world. He encouraged them to rise up to the many global challenges but also emphasized the fact that opportunities are plentiful in Malaysia.
engaged with members of the audience at a personal level. Before he bode farewell, the speaker was presented with a memento by Ir. Dr Chan Sin Fatt, on behalf of the Lecture Organising Committee, as a token of gratitude.
Note: The transcript and video clip of the Lecture are available in the IEM’s Web portal.
1SUDOKU Centerpiece "1"
Develop both sides of the brain with 1Sudoku by Mr. Lim Teck Guan
Fill in the remaining 80 squares with single digits 1-9 such that there is no repeat of the digit in every Row, Column and Block of nine squares. The number at the top left hand corner of the dotted cage indicates the total for the digits that the cage encompasses.
The audience enthralled by Tan Sri Francis Yeoh’s lecture
Trip to Selinsing Gold Mine
by
A day visit to Selingsing Gold Mine Manager Sdn Bhd (SGMMSB) located at Kuala Lipis, Pahang, was conducted on 30 April 2011. There were 20 participants who took part in the visit led by Ir. Al-Khairi bin Daud, the Chairman of Oil, Gas and Mining Technical Division (OGMTD).
SGMMSB is located at Bukit Selinsing near Sungai Koyan, approximately 65km north of Raub and 30km west of Kuala Lipis. The site is surrounded by oil palm plantation land owned by Felda settlers. Interestingly, the mine is sited
the early 19th Century. Backed by Canadian expertise with the support of the state government, SGMMSB has revived the mining activities there with better technology to extract the gold deposits in the area.
The tour started with a brief safety induction by the issued PPE when entering the site and have to be escorted by SGMMSB employees at all times. The IEM participants were greeted by a welcome speech by the managing company’s activities and the gold production process from trucking the ore to moulding the gold bars. The following
Later, the participants were separated into a few groups and brought to the open mining pits using 4x4 vehicles
the open pit mining method is employed as the deposits of gold is found near the surface. The excavated ore is then transported to the crusher area by lorries. When asked, SGMMSB informed that the area around Raub is located within a gold belt vein and there is a possibility of expanding
OIL, GAS AND MINING TECHNICAL DIVISION
Engr. Rudisham bin Marjohan and Ir. Mohd. Azwira bin Mohd. Azmi
Gold production process
Trucking ore to the plant
Crusher
Treatment plant
Processing facilities
Gold pour
Gold bar
Open pitSample of rock found at pit area
At the crusher area, the ore is crushed into small-sized grains. It is then
mixed with a cyanide solution to dissolve the gold from the crushed ore.
To extract the gold from the cyanide solution, carbon particles are added into the processing tank. The heavier carbon with gold particles is separated from the solution using a hydrocyclone. After that, the concentrated solution is ready to be melted to form a gold bar. The remaining solution is treated properly in huge retention ponds before the water is released back to the river.
At the processing facilities, there is a room where the gold is processed intorawgoldbars.Inthisroom,afurnaceisusedtomeltgoldatatemperature of around 1200oC. Gold is melted in bulk in holding crucibles. Here, the gold
unable to witness this activity as no melting process was done on that day.
At the end of the tour, the group headed back to the main building. The IEM members were treated to a good lunch at the SGMMSB canteen
operation and its challenges. The visit ended after lunch with a memorable photography session. Overall, it was another successful activity for the OGMTD, thanks to Engr. Rudisham Marjohan’s effort in organising the visit.
IEM LIBRARY OPENING HOURS
Please be advised that the IEM Library opening hours are as indicated below: Monday – Friday: 9.00 a.m. to 6.00.p.m. | Saturday: 9.00 a.m. to 1.00 p.m.
Effective 1 October 2011, the Library is no longer open on Saturday afternoons after 1.00 p.m.
Library Sub-Committee, IEM
Participants at the visit
Cyanide solution processing tankA view of the processing facilities
Technical Talk on Greater KL/KV –The River of Life Project
PROJECT MANAGEMENT TECHNICAL DIVISION
THIS technical talk was presented by Dr Hj. Md. Nasir bin Md. Noh, who is currently the Deputy Director of River Basin Management and Coastal Zone Division, Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia (DID). The speaker obtainedhisBachelorofScienceDegreeinCivilEngineering from Louisiana State University in 1985. He pursued his Masters in Engineering at Tottori University in 1999 and was subsequently awarded a PhD in River Engineering from the same university in 2002. The talk was conducted at Wisma IEM on 14 January 2012 and was attended by 92 participants comprising mostly IEM members.
Dr Hj. Md. Nasir started the talk with a brief background of the project. According to him, the Greater Kuala Lumpur/ Klang Valley (KL/KV) project is part of the Economic Transformation Programme and represents a focused and sustainable initiative that will transform Malaysia into a high-income nation by 2020. The vision for the River of Life (RoL) for Greater KL/KV is to revitalise the Klang River into an economic corridor, the heritage and cultural heart of 1Malaysia, and serve as a catalyst to enhance liveability in the heart of Greater KL/KV.
The Klang River is currently being utilised as a waste
to heavy pollution. It is estimated that 170,000 tonnes of rubbish per year enter the Klang River of which only 25,000 tonnes are retrieved. Untreated sewage is also being discharged into the Klang River. The current water quality of the Klang River is Class III, which means that it is unsuitable for recreational use. Generally, some of the proposed solutions to revitalise the Klang River include
10 strategic areas, reduction of pollution at source and stopping pollutants from entering the river upstream.
These integrated approaches are focused towards improving the water quality of the Klang River to Class IIb which will then be suitable for recreational use involving body contact. Under this project, rivers that run through Kuala Lumpur, including its tributaries, will be rehabilitated and restored. Among the rivers involved are the Keroh River, Jinjang River, Batu River, Gombak River, Bunus River, Klang River, Ampang River and Kerayong River.
According to Dr Hj. Md. Nasir, the pollution of the Klang River comes from several sources, including sediments from construction sites, waste from food courts, hawkers, restaurants, wet markets, industrial areas, illegal factories, livestock and abattoirs, sand mining, workshops and vehicle services, and sewerage.
by Ir. Dr Ahmad Anuar bin Othman
He explained that the RoL project is managed by one main committee known as the Joint Development Committee (JDC) under which there are three task forces, namely, the River Cleaning Task Force headed by the DID;
Marketing and Implementation Task Force headed by DBKL. Key activities under the River Cleaning Task Force are as follows:
i. Upgrading existing sewerage facilities to reduce pollution in the Klang River;
ii. Expansion of existing regional treatment plants to cater for future growth;
iii. Installation of wastewater treatment plants at wet markets to reduce rubbish and pollutants;
iv. Installation of additional gross pollutant traps to improve river aesthetics and water quality;
v. Utilisation of retention ponds to remove pollutants from sewage and sullage water;
vi. Relocation of squatters to reduce sewage, sullage and rubbish from entering the river;
vii. Implementation of a Drainage and Stormwater Management masterplan to upgrade the drainage system;
viii.
ix. Promotion, enforcement and management of river cleanliness and health by reducing erosion arising from urban development;
x. Promotion, enforcement and management of river cleanliness and health by reducing sewage from restaurants, workshops and commercial outlets;
xi. Promotion, enforcement and management of river cleanliness and health by reducing sewage from industries that generate wastewater
xii. Promotion, enforcement and management of river cleanliness and health by improving general garbage disposal.
A number of existing as well as new technologies will be used to purify water in the RoL project. Among them are the use of gross pollutant traps, trash plants, aerated string contacted oxidation (ASCO), rubber dams, aquatic on experiences in Japan, Korea and Singapore.
To date, 14 tender packages have been awarded and are scheduled to be completed by 2013 while two more tenders will be called soon. All works are closely monitored using key performance indicators (KPIs) and the results will be reported to the Prime Minister.
CONGRATULATIONS
The Editorial Board wishes to congratulate bin Abdul Hamid, Committee Member and former Bulletin Editor of the Standing Committee on Information and Publications for being promoted to CEO of Northport (M) Sdn Bhd on 10 April 2012.
Editorial Board, IEM
IEM Family Day 2011 Report
STANDING
by Ir. Siew Yaw Jen
THE IEM Family Day is an annual event to strengthen the bonds among family members as well as to appreciate the contributions of fellow IEM members. There is nothing more valuable than families spending time together. IEM understands this very well and had organised a gathering on 25 September 2011.
The day started early with a light drizzle and a partly cloudy sky which made it a cool pleasant morning out in the open at Taman Bandaran Kelana Jaya. By 9.00 a.m., exhibition booths by IJN and UTAR were already set up and so were the game booths manned by the university students. Two clowns were seen mingling among the crowd with their crafty balloon sculptures as well as handing out sweets to the children.
A series of activities for members were organised for families. The activities included a fun run around the lake and an interesting game of basketball with a pylon and wall obstacle. The children were not left out as there were two different contests for them to take part in, namely, a colouring contest and a drawing contest. There were also non-competitive events such as face painting, arm tattooing and sand art.
COMMITTEE ON WELFARE AND SERVICE MATTERS
Children getting their arms tattooed
Registration for the various events
Afterascrumptiousmeal,aprizegivingceremonywasheldforstudentswith outstanding results in the 2010 SPM/STPM, and for winners of the best booth awards, colouring and drawing contests, and lucky draw. At the same time, the IEM President also presented a cheque for the victims of the earthquake and tsunami disaster in Japan to a representative from the Japan Embassy Mr. Koichi Ito.
In conclusion, everyone had a wonderful time and the organising committee would like to thank all participants for their support of this event.
The IEM President delivering his speech
The large crowd seated under the canopy for the prize giving ceremony
The Japan Embassy representative expressing his words of appreciation
One of the game booths A father and son team competing in an event
Young artists at work
Talk on Preliminary Design and Optimisation of Palm Oil-based
by Engr. Dr Lee Tin Sin
THE Chemical Engineering Technical Division (CETD) conducted an evening talk entitled “Preliminary Design and Optimisation of Palm Oil-
addressing the importance of converting a palm oil mill that produces value-added products from oil palm sludge cakes) are generated during the processing of fresh fruit bunches
graphical approach based on the carbon-hydrogen-oxygen (C-H-O) ternary
enables the determination of process performance targets prior to the
Talk on “Field Development Plan: How Reservoir Engineers Add Value”
by
ON 11 June 2011, a talk entitled “Field Development Plan: How Reservoir Engineers Add Value” was presented by Cik Allida bt. Mohd. Said of Energy Quest. Cik Allida started the talk by explaining about the work that petroleum engineers do. ‘Petroleum engineer’ is a general title given to a group of engineers each with their own special expertise. This group includes reservoir engineers, drilling engineers and production engineers.
The responsibilities of the reservoir engineer in determining how the hydrocarbon would be extracted (depletion plan scheme), optimising well placement and selection of well types (gas well, oil well and water injection well among others). The speaker pointed out that the responsibilities of the reservoir engineer differ at the engineering and production/operation stages of the reservoir lifecycle.
where reserves are maximised and production is optimised
incorporating innovative and safe well and facilities designs’.
showing the stages which are included in an FDP. Samples of the various tools used to build an FDP were presented. Among the type of tools mentioned were tank simulation
development plan also requires considering the layout
selection purposes.
CikAllida presented the makeup of a team that prepares the FDP. The point stressed was that the team is made up of a diverse group of expertise, which is integrated to provide a coherent structure that can contribute effectively into the development of an FDP. Among the people needed for an FDP team apart from the reservoir engineers are the facilities engineers and the economists.
Cik Allida ended her talk by describing the career opportunities and expectations of a reservoir engineer. The key areas that a reservoir engineer may want to include in his or her career would be reservoir studies, economics and planning, reservoir surveillance and coordination.
Ir. Razmahwata bin Mohd. Razali
OIL, GAS AND MINING TECHNICAL DIVISION
A Pictorial Presentation of Activities and Events
KIARA, K. LUMPUR
Costa Rica’s Diverse Wildlife
COSTA Rica is a nature lover’s paradise. This small Central American country, measuring 51,100 sq.km., has 35 national parks and numerous other protected areas. Its biodiversity is amazing. It has over 615 species of wildlife per 10,000 sq.km.
My wife and I spent 10 days in Costa Rica during our 4-month travels in CentralAmerica and the West Caribbean. Being nature lovers ourselves, we naturally spent most of our time out in the wild.Although we could only visit a few of the national parks and wildlife reserves, the variety of wildlife that we observed during our exploration of those parks and reserves was really amazing. We found that it was really worth having an experienced guide for such an exploration, because the guide, being familiar with the particular park or reserve, knew exactly where to look for the types of wildlife species that could be found there.
I have always wanted to witness a leatherback turtle nesting all my life. Years ago, my wife and I spent a night at the Rantau Abang beach in Terengganu in an attempt to see one. However, there were so many merrymakers on the beach making so much noise, and the beach was so brightly lit, that no leatherback turtle came ashore to nest.
Subsequently, leatherback turtles stopped coming to Malaysian beaches altogether. After so many years, my
de Vida Silvestre Gandaco-Manzanillo. We signed up with us there at night. It cost us US$75 each. As the beach was
take any pictures of the nesting turtle.
Talamanca, we met a warden who acted as our guide for
onto a tree trunk in a straight line, several 3-toed sloths and 2-toed sloths, three green iguanas, three eyelash palm pit vipers (male in bright yellow and female in brown), a whip snake, a silver poison frog, a nesting hummingbird, a whitecross spider, several capuchin (white-faced) monkeys, and several mantled howler monkeys.
relaxing cruise on the canals and saw two rufescent tiger herons, numerous Montezuma oropendola birds and their pendulum-like nests dangling from tall trees, several iguanas basking on tree branches, three caimans, and a group of very noisy great green macaw. There were also several howler monkeys high up on a large tree, howling noisily whenever an aeroplane or a motorboat passed by.
by
The real treat was of course the resplendent quetzals we saw at the Santa Elena Cloud Forest Reserve. We would not have spotted them had we not engaged the services of a lady guide who happened to be a very keen birder. She was equipped with a telescope on a tripod. The resplendent white feathers. It is the national bird of Guatemala.
While in Costa Rica, I also took the opportunity to participate in an activity known as a canopy tour. I paid US$45 for it. Together with seven others in the group, we zipped from one platform to another, i.e. sliding from one end of a wire-rope to the other while hanging from a steel roller. There were 12 zip lines in the series varying in length from 40m to 1km, and we had to walk a short trail or climb some steps to go from one zip line to the next.After all the zipping, there was a rappel and a tarzan swing. Unfortunately, the weather turned bad and we were eventually caught in the rain.
Costa Rica is not only well known for its wildlife, it is also interesting in other ways. It has no armed forces. The money saved from buying expensive war equipment is mainly used for education. There are more teachers than
education is free and compulsory, while secondary and tertiary education is also free. Children from poor families are provided with school uniforms, shoes, bags, textbooks, transport, as well as breakfast and lunch at school. Families them adopted by other families, and the adopting families wonder Costa Rica’s literacy rate is 98%!
Ir. Chin Mee Poon
Date: 9 April 2012
To All Members,
CANDIDATES APPROVED TO SIT FOR YEAR 2012 PROFESSIONAL INTERVIEW
The following candidates have been approved to sit for the Professional Interview for 2012.
to passing the year 2012 Professional Interview. a month
51738SATCHIAANANDHAN A/L SUBRAMANIAM B.E.HONS. (UTEM)(MECHAUTOMOTIVE,11) 51331SH MOHD FIRDAUS BIN SH ABDUL NASIR B.E.HONS.(USM) (MECHANICAL,07) 51271SHAFRIZA NISHA BIN BASAH B.E.HONS.(UNITEN) (MECHANICAL,01)
51660SYED AHMAD RASYIDI BIN SYED ABDUL KARIM B.E.HONS. (QUEENSLAND) (MECH'11)
51698TAN BOON TIONGB.E.HONS.(MALAYA) (MECH,09)
51319TAN JIE SHENGB.E.HONS.(UTAR) (MECHANICAL,10)
51279TAN KIM SINB.E.HONS. (STAFFORDSHIRE) (MECHANICAL,06)
51708WONG YUNG SENG, ADAM B.E.HONS.(UTEM) (MECH- STRUCTURE & MATERIAL,09)
51294YONG MAIN KONGB.E.HONS.(NANYANG) (MECHANICAL,93)
MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
51281AZLI BIN YAHYAB.E.HONS. (GLAMORGAN) (ELECTROMECHANICAL,97)
PETROLEUM ENGINEERING
51254AHMAD SHAMSUL IZWAN BIN ISMAIL B.E.HONS. (UTM) (PETROLEUM,10)
POLYMER ENGINEERING
51329ABUL KASIM BIN S.M.J DULKAMAN B.E.HONS. (USM) (POLIMER,11)
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
51278ALBERT VIVIAN A/L THOMAS PATRICK B.E.HONS (COVENTRY) (CIVIL,98) MSC (UTM) (CIVIL-STRUCTURE,11)
IEM wish to express its sincere appreciation to some of our very senior members who had generously contributed to the IEM Building Fund in Their continued support of the Institution despite being happily retired is a great encouragement for us to press on to reach higher.
M00285DATO’ IR. NASIR YEO GUAN HOCKRM500.00
F00440IR. ALFRED TEO CHIN HUATRM50.00
F00008IR. DALIP SINGH S/O BAHADUR SINGH RM600.00
F00670IR. HJ MOHAMED KHALID BIN DINRM200.00
F01273IR. HO BOK SINGRM500.00 M01027IR. KOH HAN KHAIRM200.00
F01994IR. LOH ENG WAHRM100.00
M03525IR.SOONSWEEHUAT@SINGSUGKHUABRM200.00
F00457IR. WONG LEONG YEW @ WONG LIONG YOU RM50.00
IEM hopes that many more members would come forward to join the league of members leaving their mark in IEM’s history. We would like to take this opportunity to thank all contributors for donating towards the Wisma IEM Building Fund. We would like to inform members that:
For the months of , we have received total contribution from members amounting to . We would like to record our sincere appreciation to the following members for their contribution:
08021AB. AZIZ BIN AHMAD
08188ABD. RAHMAN BIN ISMAIL
19947ABDOL SALAM BIN NS MOHAMED SARIFF
27548ABDULAZIZ BIN ABDUL RAMAN
24699ABDULLAH BIN CHIK
10212ABDULLAH BIN HAJI ABBAS
09033AHMAD FADZIL BIN HAJI MOHD. HANI
17175AHMAD FARHAN BIN MOHD SADULLAH
39090ALI AHMAD BIN HAMID
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