Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study by Taonga Nyimbili

Issue 1

RopeWalks

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 1. Fusion Fleet Street Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Wing Chung Tam Mark Ferrill Taonga Nyimbili Daniel Critcher Lukaso Duzda Nga Ying Yeung Elinda Garrido

The University of Huddersfield Architecture BA Hons THA 1841 Design Studio 6: Culture Contecxt Place

Editor: Taonga Nyimbili

Contents

Chapters 1 Introduction Pg. 4 Introduction Location Map Liverpool Liverpool on the map

5 Climate & Environment Pg.48 8 Geology Microclimate

History Pg. 10

Building Heights Topography Massing Topography Bold Street Site Section Wood Street Site Section Fleet Street Site Section Seel Street Site Section Parr Street Site Section Duke Street Site Section Slater Street Site Section Seel Street Images Slater Street Images Bold Sreet Elevation Bold Street Analysis

Figure Ground 1851 Figure Ground 2017 Historical Timeline The Beatles and Liverpool Liverpool Footbal Club Chinatown & Formation of Ropewalks

Planning Pg. 18

World Heritage Site Planning Listed Buildings Development Schemes Development Schemes Key Sequential Sketch Key Sequential Sketches Land Use Private and Public Spaces Land Use Circulation Pedestrian Access & Circulation Vehicular Access & Circulation Transport Lynch Analysis

Construction Methods Pg. 38 Bricks Construction Styles Steel and Concrete Structure Construction Sketch Varied Technique

Building Topography Pg.54

Conclusion Pg.102 Swot Analysis Opportunities & Threats Potential Sites Sound Aspect Site B Sound Aspect Site D Site A Site B Site C Site D Genius Loki Taonga Nyimbili Genius Loki Nga Ying Yeung Genius Loki Mark Ferrill Genius Loki Lukaso Duzda Genius Loki Dan Critcher Genius Loki Elinda Garrido Genius Loci Wing Chung Tam Bibliography References

Architectural Expression Pg.84

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Sketches Local Building Types Proportions of Building Types Movement Architectural Elements Materials Old Ropewalks Materials New Ropewalks Summary Door Decorations & Details Stairs Sinage Shading Devices

Figure 2. Albert Dock Liverpool Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

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01. INTRODUCTION

Figure 3. The Beaatles Statue By Albert Dock

Figure 4. Liverpool Lime St. Train station Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 5. Open Eye Gallery Building By Albert Dock

Figure 6. RIBA Nort Offices b Albert Do

. th by ock

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Liv e r pool Ropewal k s Urban Stu d y

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study. The analysis of the Ropewalks district of Liverpool including the inspection of possible sites of design located in the area. With some imagery of context from the wider area.

Figure 7. Local Liverpool Resident

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 8. Liverpool on Map By Taonga Nyimbili

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L i v e r p o o l O n The Map Liverpool originated as a dock on the River Mersey and has had a colourful history, known for its vibrant people and atmosphere. Liverpool lies at the delta of the river leading into Irish Sea, with the closest major town being Manchester. Nowadays Liverpool is going through a recovery period due to the industrial collapse in the previous decades, which in turn creates an intricate and complicated social narrative to the city.

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 9. The Beatles Statue By Albert Dock Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

02.

Figure 10. The Beatles Statue By Albert Dock Issue 1

HISTORY

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

These images show the building footprints of the Ropewalks as a comparison between 1851 and now.

When the Ropewalks were first built, wide streets were required. The buildings were rope manufacturers and such needed wide straight streets. Also what is notable is the straight streets of the Ropewalks Area historically used for rope making.

Figure 11. Figure Ground 1851

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Figure Ground Map 2017 a much more dense usage of the Ropewalks area with multiusage of spaces and buildings today. As the use of the buildings has changed over time, gaps have been filled in, and smaller, narrower streets have been created. Having said this, the footprint is still clear, and is indicative of the areas attempted preservation. Figure 12. Figure Ground 2017

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 14. Historical Timeline By Elinda Garrido

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Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

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Figure 23. Ropewalks Square Bold Street Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

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03. PLANNING

Figure 24. Ropewalks Monument Seel Street

Figure 25, 26. Ropewalks Location By Nga Ying Yeung BOUNDARIES

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

ROPEWALKS The boundary of Ropewalks is originally set on Lydia Ann Street to Renshaw Street horizontally, and from Roscoe Street to Hanover Street vertically. However, we did extend the site boundary to ChinaTown which shared the same character as the original site as it is an important part of Liverpool Ropewalks.

STUDY AREA

Ropewalks Bold Street (Flicr, 2012)

Figure 27. Bold Street Perspective Sketch By Mark Ferrill

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Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 28. Ropewalks Planning Map Wing Chung Tam Data From WHS Unesco

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Figure 29. Listed Building Map By Taonga Nyimbili Data From WHS Unesco

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

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Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 34. Ropewalks Development Schemes Map By Taonga Nyimbili Data From WHS Unesco

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Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Key of Sequential Journey through Ropewalks. Arrows indicating sketch points.

Figure 35. Sequential Key

Sequential Sketches

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Figure 36. Sequential Sketch Compilation By Daniel Critcher

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 37. Ropewalks Land Use Map By Lukaso Duzda

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Figure 38. Ropewalks Private & Public Spaces Map By Lukaso Duzda

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 39. Ropewalks Land Use Map By Lukaso Duzda

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Figure 40. Pedestrian Access Circulation Map By Taonga Nyimbili

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

This map shows the circulation of the Ropewalks area, including both how people access the area, and also move around it. The one way roads show how congestion is dissipated from large junctions through use of line density, similar to the lynch analysis. Figure 41. Vehicular Access Circulation Map By Taonga Nyimbili

One way Road Direction Shown By Density of Dark Lines. Multidirectional road shown by evenly spaced red lines.

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Many parking sites seen in this map are run down, but still used â&#x20AC;&#x201C; they could make potentially good sites based on our investigations. The bus stops are found at the edge of the area. This is due to a lot of the Ropewalks being navigable by foot, intertwining smaller streets and wide pedestrianised roads. Figure 42. Transport Map By Taonga Nyimbili

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

???

Figure 43. Kevin Lynch Analysis Map By Taonga Nyimbili

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Figure 44. Historical Timeline Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

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04. CONSTRUCTION METHODS Figure 45. Historical Timeline

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

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Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

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Construction Sketch Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

43 Figure 54.1. Construction Sketch Daniel Critcher

Figure 54.2. Open Eye Gallery Liverpool Construction Features Issue 1

Varied Technique Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 55. Liverpool Cathederal

Figure 56. Liverpool Costa Cafe

Here we have exhibited photos of buildings throughout the Ropewalks, however we have expanded our collection slightly beyond the area too. We wanted to showcase the incredibly diverse construction techniques utilised by the city, from old highly decorative techniques of the Philharmonic pub (Fig. 57), to the striking modern ones of the Museum of Liverpool (Fig. 62). We can also compare the two cathedrals of the city, the Catholic Cathedral (Fig. 61) was originally intended to be much larger but money ran short after the world war, resulting in a paired back design that utilises significant underground space. We can compare this to the other Protestant cathedral (Fig. 61), which is also modern by many cathedral standards, being completed in the 1970â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s. The Protestant cathedral has used many modern construction methods to mimic old gothic style cathedrals, and to respond to the context, which is a very upper class Georgian setting.

Figure 57. Philarmonic Dinning Rooms Hope Street

Figure 58. Liverpool Philarmonic Hall Hope Street

Figure 60. The Lime Kiln Bar Liverpool Soho District

Figure 61. Liverpool Metrapolitan Cathederal

Figure 59. Everymans Hall Hope Street

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Figure 62. Museum of Liverpool Albert Docks

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

05.

Figure 63. Ropewalks Square Bold Street

Figure 64. Climate & Environment Issue 1

CLIMATE & ENVIRONMENT

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 65. Geology Map By Taonga Nyimbili Data from BGS

Issue 1

Figure 66. Geology Map By Mark Ferrill

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

S Figure 67. Microclimate Sun Map By Taonga Nyimbili Data from Willy Weather

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Figure 68. icroclimate Wind Map Taonga Nyimbili Data from Willy Weather

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 69. Image of Topography of Liveroppl Ropewalks

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06. BUILDING TOPOGRAPHY

Figure 70. Image of Topography of Liveroppl Ropewalks Area

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Ropewalks Site Landscape Topography

Figure 71. Ropewalks Topography Map Mark Ferrill

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Figure 72. Building Heights Map By Mark Ferrill

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 73. Ropewalks Massing Map By Taonga Nyimbili

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Figure 74. Ropewalks Topography Map By Taonga Nyimbili

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 75. Ropewalks Site Section Bold Street Map Mark Ferrill

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Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 76. Ropewalks Site Section Wood Street Map Mark Ferrill

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Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 77. Ropewalks Site Section Fleet Street Map Mark Ferrill

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Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 78. Ropewalks Site Section Seel Street Map Mark Ferrill

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Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 79. Ropewalks Site Section Parr Street Map Mark Ferrill

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Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 80. Ropewalks Site Section Duke Street Map Mark Ferrill

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Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 81. Ropewalks Site Section Slater Street Map Mark Ferrill

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Seel Street Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 82,83,84. Seel Street Bars

Figure 85,86,87. Seel Street Housing

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Seel Street contains one of the few areas in the Ropewalks that has some degree of greenery (Fig. 83). There are very few green spaces within the Ropewalks and Seel Street provides a space where more trees could be planted. The street has a strong brick orientated materiality, with modern influences finding their way into the street in both subtle (Fig. 86) and more striking ways (Fig. 80). Despite these modern influences we can see Georgian lintels still defining much of the street (Fig. 82, 85, 87).

Figure 88,89. Seel Street Culture

49 74

Slater Street Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 90,91,92. Slater Street

Figure 93,94,95. Slater Street Panoramic From Site

Issue 1

Slater Street borders the north of the Ropewalks, connecting Duke Street (Fig. 96, 97) and Bold Street (Fig. 94). Slater Street has both of the bus stops within the area, which tells us that it is considered the main point of circulation into the Ropewalks, which makes sense given that slater street connects the major roads of the area, and also continues towards the docks. Figure 96,97,. Slater Street

Figure 98. Bold Street Elevation Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

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Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

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Bold Street Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 111,112,113. Bold Street Promenade

Figure 114,115,116. Bold Street Livelihood

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Figure 117,118,. Bold Street Livelihood

Arriving on Bold St. we found the Lyceum building (Fig. 112), the street constantly frames view of St. Lukeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s church (Fig. 117). Bold Street consists of mostly restaurants and cafes, and has been heavily renovated within the last 10 years. The street has an incredibly diverse and interesting mix of shops and eateries, resulting in a mix of public and private spaces. The overhangs create frequent semi-private spaces (Fig. 111, 112, 113, 114), combined with indents into the facades that encourage frequent stopping as one peruses the street. In addition to affecting the general populace and the way they window-shop, it also creates spaces that attract the homeless. There is a strong homeless presence on the street (Fig. 115). This is due to the semi-private spaces that exist, in addition to being a busy pedestrian street. There is also an Oxfam charity shop located on the street, which no doubt has a pull effect.

Figure 119. Bold Street Krazy House Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

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07. ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION

Figure 120. Hanover Street/Paradise Street

Figure 121. Duke Street Student Accomodation Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 122. Fleet Street And Concert Street Intersection Soho District Issue 1

BUILDING TYPES Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 124,125. Building Types

The building typology within the Ropewalks in shown on the map to the left. We can see from the map and statistics that the main usage of buildings is restaurants and bars, followed by residential and commercial buildings. This creates a diverse and interesting atmosphere within the area, as there is a local supply of patrons and customers, in addition to the constant non-local traffic. The retail aspect of the area can be further analysed to see what kinds of services are needed in the area. Most of the retail buildings are used as beauty salons, clothes shops and tattoo parlours. Many vacant sites within the site are used simply as car parking, no doubt due to the lack of bus stops in the area.

Figure 123. Building Types Map By Nga Ying Yeung

Industrial buildings

Railway Station

Residences

Retails

Restaurants, Bars

Educational buildings

Mix-uses

Commerical buildings

Medical buildings

Communal buildings

Religious buildings

Parking

Vacant lands

PROPORTION OF THE BUILDING TYPES Issue 1

Figure 126. Proportion of Building Types Map Montage By Nga Ying Yeung

Movement Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

The edges of the Ropewalks are determined by the traffic routes. The major paths and edges are defined by the A5038 and the A5039. China Town, FACT and St. Lukeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Church are the landmarks of the study area, and frequently act as meeting points for locals and visitors alike. These

buildings

styles, over

and

their

church, approach,

all

have

differ

clear

surroundings.

this in

is the

architectural

hierarchal In

the

due

the

case

FACT,

advantages

case

build-up itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s

due

the and to

design and dynamic massing, and the pagoda is due to size and approach.

Boundaries Primary Nodes Secondary Nodes Landmarks

Figure 127. Ropewalks, Nodes & Edges Map. Nga Ying Yeung

Issue 1

LANDMARKS

Figure 130. FACT Gallery

ChinaTown ChinaTown which is one of landmark in Ropewalks, has many Chinese businesses, such as Chinese restaurants and supermarkets, and facilities for the Chinese community.Â

Figure 128. Chinatown Arch

FACT (Foundation Creative Technology)

St.Luke Church

for

Art

and

FACT which is a media art centre, provides an art gallery, programme of exhibitions, film and participantled art projects.

St Luke's Church is a former Anglican parish church, which is now a ruin. It located on the cornera of Berry Street and Leece Street, looking down the length of Bold Street.

Figure 129. St Lukeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Church

Figure 131. Slater Street Graffiti Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS

WINDOW

Issue 1

NEW BUILT

REGENERATION

PAST

Victorian

style &Tudor style window and circle windows was the common shape in the past. However, there are some curved surface window were found in Ropewalks. However. some windows were regenerated became other styles, such as The Karzy House â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;s colorful window frame or some coffee shopâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s wood window frame. Now, in order to let daylight enter to building, the new built apartments has different style of window such as angled window or lots of glazing. From past to now, it can be seen that the shape of window is changing which is depends on the functions.

Figure 132. Elevation of Building Styles Nga Ying Yeung

MATERIAL (OLD ROPEWALKS) Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Brick on wall

Brick on ground

Figure 133. Elevation of Building Styles

Nga Ying Yeung

MATERIAL (NEW ROPEWALKS)

Issue 1

Tile

Concrete

Container

Redesign brick

Glass/Glass brick

Figure 134. New Ropewalks

Refective tile

Liverpool SUMMARYRopewalks Urban Study

The materials and coulors that there are in Ropewalks have a considerable variety of different styles. The material coulor tone of old Ropewalks is dark and most of the materials are bricks. However, the material coulor tone of new Ropewalks is quite bright , such as Bold Streetâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pink wall. Beside materials, graffiti and paintings such as on the coffee shop wall, are the other features of Ropewalks. Some of the regenerated buildings still use old Ropewalks coulor tone to keep the local culture and colour palette.

Figure 135. Ropewalks Graffiti Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

DOOR

Figure 136. Ropewalks Door Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

DECORATIONS & DETAILS Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 137. Ropewalks Details & Details Photo Montage Nga Ying

STAIRS Issue 1

Figure 138. Ropewalks Stairs Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

SIGNAGE Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 139. Ropewalks Sinage Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

SHADING DEVICES Issue 1

Figure 140. Ropewalks Sinage Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

100

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

101 Figure 141. Clockworks Wolstenholme Square

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08. CONCLUSION

Figure 142. Liverpool Albert Docks

102

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 143. Liverpool City Centre Skyline

SWOT ANALYSIS

103

Ropewalks (The Academy of Urbanism, 2016)

Issue 1

104

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

105

Potential Sites Issue 1

SITE A

SITE B

SITE C

SITE D

Figure 153. Ropewalks Potential Sites Photo Montage Nga Ying 106

SOUND ASPECT OF SITE B Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study Due to the site surrounded by pubs and bars, so it is quite in the morning. However, there is noise problem like loud music, noisy pubs at night.

Figure 154. Site B Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

Ropewalks night(Anightinliverpool, 2017)

Figure 155,156,157,158. Sound Pollution Ropewalks 107

SOUND ASPECT OF SITE D Issue 1

The site is quiet in the morning and at night. Any building suggested for this site.

Figure 159. Site D Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

Duke Street (Geograph, 2017)

Figure 160,161,162,163. Sound Pollution Ropewalks 108

SITE A Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Site Attributes

Sits on the Bold Street where is the way for people passed to Wood Street. The site is near Liverpool Central, one of Liverpool's main station. There is good public transport.

109 Figure 164. Site A Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

SITE A (Wood Craft Workshop) Issue 1

Bold Street is an interesting place in Ropewalks. FACT (Foundation for Art and Creative Technology) is the only one media art centre in Ropewalks Due to lack of art workshop in here. If Wood Craft Workshop was built here, It can provide creative, craft and artisan skills for everyone.

Figure 165. Site A Potential Proposal Photo Montage Nga Ying

110

SITE B Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Site Attributes Sits on Seel Street which is known for its lively nightlife. The site is accomodation

111

beside

student

Figure 166. Site B Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

SITE B (Hostel) Issue 1

It would be a good idea to design hostel, as the site surrounded by pubs and bars. the guests can enjoy local nightlife.

Figure 167. Site B Potential Proposal Photo Montage Nga Ying

112

SITE C Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Site Attributes Sits on Duke Street which is is a few minutes' walk from Liverpool Central Rail Station The site is Heritage Site

under

the

World

Accessible for main road (Duke Street), easy spot.

113

Figure 168. Site C Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

SITE C (Art Centre) Issue 1

Due to the site near World Heritage Site.Design Art Centre inclides workshop and educational facilities for vistors . Hold Craft Fair as the arts centre is filled with a variety of stalls selling products created by local artists and crafts people as RopeWalks is art, music and culture area

Figure 169. Site C Potential Proposal Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

114

SITE D Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Site Attributes The site is surrounded by residential and commercial buildings as well as restaurants. Close to the main road A5038 which is conveniently located.

115 Figure 170. Site D Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

SITE D (Community Centre) Issue 1

The area is surrounded by residential buildings, is suitable for a community centre. Community centre tend to provide group activities, social support, public information for local people.

Figure 171. Site D Potential Proposal Photo Montage Nga Ying Yeung

116

Figure 172. Seel & Slater Street Car Park Site Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Site Location Genius Loci

Taonga Nyimbili

117

Ropewalks (The Academy of Urbanism, 2016)

Spirit of Place

Site Character

The site on Ropewalks has a very cultural industrial spririt. With many clubs and bars located on seel street and slater street, the site is at the heartt of a lively district.

The site has a very urban character of the inner city location, with graffiti located in certain areas of the site. Also the different hues of brickwork with an industrial nature surround the site with what appears to be a Georgian typology of adjacent buildings.

In adition to the cultural identithy of many of the leisure facilities in the proximity of Ropewalks such as the F.A.C.T Cinema and the many shops and boutiques around the site locality, the Ropewalks area has a hipster spirit.

Issue 1

There is a mixture of styles of buildings in the immediate surrounding area which would allow for a range of materiality choices that would compliment the site architecturally. The average storey height is arround 4 storeys which is fairly low rise and wouldn't be appropriate with a building obscuring views and dominating the immediate skyline or local buildings.

Figure 173. Taonga Nyimbili

Figure ,174,175,176. Seel & Slater Street Car Park Charachter 118

Figure 177. Duke Street & Slater Street Car Park. Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

119

Issue 1

120

Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Figure 182. Ropewalks Square Site Graffiti on Bold Street.

121

Issue 1

122

Figure 187. Seel & Slater Street Car Park Site Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Site Location Genius Loci

Lukaso Duzda

123

Ropewalks (The Academy of Urbanism, 2016)

Spirit of Place

Site Character

The site of the Seel and Slater street car park has a very urban hipster spirit which transpires in the unique cultural district of Ropewalks.

The site character is typified by a georgian typology of buildings immediately surrounding the site, with a predominantly brick typeface. Graffiti articulates the walls of the car park which shows it's undenible urban character. The materiality of the surrounding context is something which I will have to sensitively consider for my building's design.

The site location also has a very lively upbeat spirit due to the nearby surrounding night life, bars and restaurants.

Issue 1

Figure 188. Lukaso Duzda

Figure 189,190,191. Seel & Slater Street Car Park Charachter 124

Figure 192. 118-124 Duke Street Site Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Site Location Genius Loci

Daniel Critcher

125

Ropewalks (The Academy of Urbanism, 2016)

Spirit of Place

Site Character

The site lies almost along the southern of the borders of the Rope Walks, skirting Duke Street, Kent Street and Henry Street. It consists of a small run down car park, and 2 for sale buildings, one of which is completely derelict and half destroyed, the other appears well kept on the Duke Street façade, but appears equally run down on the Henry Street side. The site is surrounded by residential developments. The residential development directly adjacent to the site shows signs of failed gentrification – a project aimed towards younger couples, that ultimately couldn’t afford rent resulting in unpaid bills.

onto the lower boundaries of the site. In terms of artificial light pollution, the residential building opposite will likely have lights on during the later hours of the day, and the restaurant opposite will be active until late.

Sunlight obviously extends across the southern border of the site. The buildings along the southern border are quite high, extending possibly 6 or 7 stories high. This restricts light, especially during the winter months, with shadow being cast

The site is relatively secluded and sits tightly against some older Georgian structures. The approach from the east comes from the Chinese pagoda intersection, so a striking perspective of Duke street can be seen from that crossroads. Adversley, the view from the Slater/Duke street intersection is less impressive, with the car park on the corner providing a wide angle of the street, but views are shadowed by large plaster walls and adverts. I intend to create views with a dynamic use of space on the southern border of my site, with use of landscaping and a dynamic façade on Duke Street.

Issue 1

Figure 193. Daniel Critcher

Figure 194,195,196. 118-124 Duke Street Site Charachter 126

Figure 197. Parr & Slater Street Car Park Site Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Site Location Genius Loci

Elinda Garrido

127

Ropewalks (The Academy of Urbanism, 2016)

Spirit of Place

Site Character

This site of the Parr and Slater Street Car Park has a very industrial feel and spirit. The mixture of building styles, patterns, materials and hues create this urban industrial palette.

This site was chosen because the aim was to choose the most efficient, economically and environmentally sustainable site even though each site represents a set of issues and concerns.

The atmosphere and sound created by the adjacent garage and bars give the site a bustle that is reminicent of the urban city centre environment.

The surrounded area has incorporated the old with the new architecture and the way that the materials were put together to build these new buildings gave this place a unique character.

Issue 1

Also, in terms of accessibility/ circulation it can be easily accessed, and the site is near city centre. However, because the purpose is to design for children and young people the safest and largest site needed to be chosen.

Figure 198. Elinda Garrido

Figure 199,200,201. Seel & Slater Street Car Park Charachter 128

Figure 202. 118-124 Duke Street Site Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

Site Location Genius Loci

Wing Chung Tam

129

Ropewalks (The Academy of Urbanism, 2016)

Spirit of Place

Site Character

The site includes 4 abandoned Grade II listed town houses sitting on 118 to 124 Duke Street and a car park on 126 Duke Street which used to be a listed building but was demolished in the early 1980s. The site is located in the junction of Duke Street and Kent Street, which is also the connection in between Duke Street part of the Conservation Area. This location has the benefit to attract people from Ropewalks town centre in the North and the residents living in the South. Also the Duke Street residents and users connecting through the shopping and business area called Liverpool One in the West as well as Liverpool Cathedral in the East.

When I first approached the site, a huge structural wall captured my eyes. This wall belongs to the abandoned building standing behind the flat land (car park). The uneven texture of the wall becomes a signature and makes a contrast to the site. This can be a potential characteristic for the further design of the site.

Issue 1

Figure 203. Wing Chung Tam

Figure 204,205. 118-124 Duke Street Site 130

Figure 206. Seel & Slater Street Car Park Liverpool Ropewalks Urban Study

131

Issue 1

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