2015 10 Porto Alegre A Cidade ao Nivel dos Olhos / City at Eye Level presentation

A Cidade ao NĂ­vel dos Olhos

90 Co-authors w Elijah Agevi w Mishkat Ahmed-Raja w Cecilia Andersson w Hans Appelboom w Emiel Arends w Frank van Beek w Frank Belderbos w Rogier van den Berg w Emily Berwyn w Willemijn de Boer w Nick Broad w Alessandra Cianchetta w Jose Chong w Mikael Colville-Andersen w Ciaran Cuffe w Richard Dobson w Vivian Doumpa w René Dutrieux w Paul Elleswijk w Gábor Everraert w Jos Gadet w Adriaan Geuze w Jan Gehl w Meredith Glaser w Arjan Gooijer w Peter Groenendaal w Sander van der Ham w Samar Héchaimé w Jeniffer Heemann w Mattijs van ’t Hoff w Paulo Horn Regal w Nel de Jager w Jeroen Jansen w Max Jeleniewski w Lotte Johansen Kaefer w Birgit Jürgenhake w Tanja Karg w Hans Karssenberg w Fred Kent w Berry Kessels w Joep Klabbers w Martin Knuijt w Lars Korn w Willem van Laar w Tine van Langelaar w Jeroen Laven w Willie Macrae w Kathy Madden w Camilla Meier w Thomas Melin w Norman Mintz w Eri Mitsostergiou w Thaddeus Muller w Peter Nieland w Renee Nycolaas w Kris Opbroek w Henk Ovink w Francisco Pailliè Pérez w Gerard Peet w Laura Petrella w Elizabeth Peyroux w Levente Polyák w Stefanie Raab w Solvejg Reigstad w Marlies Rohmer w Anna Robinson w Ben Ruse w Petra Rutten w Wies Sanders w Ton Schaap w Lai Shouhua w Filip Smits w Alexander Stahle w Stefan van der Spek w Jan van Teeffelen w Wouter Tooren w Marat Troina w Eric van Ulden w Gert Jan te Velde w Mark van de Velde w Tasmi Quazi w Klaas Waarheid w Robin von Weiler w Kees Went w Jouke van der Werf w Tony Wijntuin w John Worthington w Xu Yunfei w Arin van Zee w Kim Zweerink

JANE JACOBS: “WALK THE STREETS!”

1.

What does the “Human Perspective” mean for public space?

1. THE HUMAN EYE - MOVEMENT

SEOUL 1. THE HONGDAE HUMAN EYE2009 - MOVEMENT

1. THE HUMAN EYE - MOVEMENT

SPUI AMSTERDAM

2. THE IDEAL SQUARE: 50M

3. SIDEWALK WIDTH – CIRCLES OF INTIMACY

APPLETON: PROSPECT REFUGE THEORY

3. SIDEWALK WIDTH – CIRCLES OF INTIMACY

3. SIDEWALK WIDTH

3. SIDEWALK WIDTH

private

public Illustration: Asako Takahashi

3. SIDEWALK WIDTH

private

transition zone

public Illustration: Asako Takahashi

3. SIDEWALK WIDTH

private

transition zone

public Illustration: Asako Takahashi

3. SIDEWALK WIDTH

private

public

Illustration: Asako Takahashi

3. SIDEWALK WIDTH BETWEEN 1 AND 2 M

3. SIDEWALK WIDTH DIRECT ACCESS

4. THE CITY AT EAR LEVEL

4. THE CITY AT EAR LEVEL

5. PEDESTRIAN BEHAVIOUR

THE POWER OF 10

1. Read the paper

2. Window shopping for books

3. Learn about upcoming events

5. Walk

4. Go inside!

10. Have a conversation 6. Sit and relax 7. Read someone else’s book

8. Take a break from a bike ride

9. Pet a dog

2.

When are cities truly “sustainable�?

“Sustainability”?

True sustainability: • Soul, Identity, Ownership • Adaptable, Flexible and Mixed • Public Space as Backbone

Csikszentmihályi – Creativity / Flow

3.

How can we share knowledge internationally? - An Open Source Project

International learning community Strategies for the City at Eye Level ü ü ü ü

90 co-authors, open source 35 cases internationally Criteria & 101 lessons for good plinths Methods for planning, users, property, management, revitalizing

Free download: www.thecityateyelevel.com

4.

Who is responsible for the quality of public space?

Programme

Experience

Markets as Places

Pedestrian Flows

Placemaking, Activities

Wayfinding

SOFTWARE

Long term Strategy Streets as Places

HARDWARE ORGWARE

Plinths, Active Ground Floors

Costs & Benefits

Flexibility

The Hybrid Space Residential Plinths

Quick Wins Experiment

The Sound Scape

Place Management Street Coalitions

Reuse Vacant Spaces

private

public space

private

public realm

private

private

city at eye level street plinth

private

private

city at eye level street plinth

private

private

ANTWERP

Hybride zones BRUSSELS

Hybride zones

AMSTERDAM

Hybride zones

AMSTERDAM HYBRID ZONE

AMSTERDAM HYBRID ZONE

AMSTERDAM LEDGES

ROCINHA RIO DE JANEIRO SELF GOVERNED STREETS

MUMBAI EQUAL STREETS INITIATIVE

TOKYO MACHIYA MA = SPACE CHI = ROAD YA = SHOP

PORTO ALEGRE 4o DISTRITO

MEXICO CITY #GALERÍABALLINDAMM

BUDAPEST NYITVA FESZTIVAL

“The street plinth may be only 10% of a building, it determines 90% of the experience.�

WHY GOOD PLINTHS ARE NOT SELF-EVIDENT?

Developer: short term profit focus Cities“pavement focus Building owner:“single tenant focus” Users:“shut out street, blinds, fear” Architects:“building focus

Hybride zones

HOW WE CAN GET IT RIGHT

Developer: longer term value focus Cities“city at eye level focus Building owner:“multi tenant focus” Users:“connect with the street, hybrid zone” Architects:“street focus

SOFTWARE = USE Pedestrian Flows Quality of shops, cafes, culture Experience

HARDWARE = DESIGN Building Street Hybrid Zone

ORGWARE = COALITIONS Tools Portfolio Management Street / Place Coalitions

5.

How can we create and maintain great places?

PLACE GAME PRAÇA FRANCISCO ALVES

William H. (Holly) Whyte The Organization Man,1956 The Exploding Metropolis, 1958 The Last Landscape, 1968 Plan for the City of New York, 1969 The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces, 1980 § City: Rediscovering the Center, 1988 § § § § §

“If you design a community around cars… you get more cars.”

“If you design your community around people… you get more people.”

“One of the best things about water is the look and feel of it…It’s not right to put water before people and then keep them away from it.”

“Benches are artifacts, the purpose of which is to punctuate architectural photographs. They are not so good for sitting.”

PROJECT FOR PUBLIC SPACES

Bryant Park

PROJECT FOR PUBLIC SPACES

De Power of 10

886

4b

7

8

3

2 1

5b

10 9 4a 6a 13 11b 6b 5a 11a

14

15

12

Triangulation

Triangulation

Triangulation

PLACE GAME PRAÇA FRANCISCO ALVES

6.

How can we start building a strategy for the whole city and for larger areas like inner cities and entire neighbourhoods?

Los Angeles “Great Streets Toolbox” Chicago “Complete Streets” Toronto “Pedestrian Strategy” Dublin “Your City Your Space, Public Realm Strategy” Paris “La Rue en Partage” Stockholm “Walkable City” Rotterdam “Plinth Strategy” UN Habitat “Streets as Places”

STOCKHOLM

STREET WORKSHOPS

“PLINTH STRATEGY IS MUCH MORE THAN JUST FILLING AN EMPTY SPACE. IT’S ABOUT DEVELOPING A STRATEGY THAT IS BASED ON CO-CREATION, FLEXIBILITY, CREATIVITY, PLACEMAKING, UNDERSTANDING THE ECONOMY AND BASIC URBAN DESIGN PRINCIPLES.”

TOOLBOX - ANALYSING YOUR STREETS

SEOUL HONGDAE 2009

SEOUL HONGDAE 2011

INNER CITY STRATEGY

POSSIBLE STEPS FOR A CITY WIDE STRATEGY 1. NEW ANALYSES pedestrian flows, value development, street functions, network of places 2. BUILD THE NETWORKS users, residents, city experts, property owners, retail organisations, change makers 3. PRIORITIZE INTERVENTIONS short term – mid term – long term

ROTTERDAM PLINTH STRATEGY

ROTTERDAM PLINTH STRATEGY

ROTTERDAM PLINTH STRATEGY

6.

What can we do when we creat new areas?

CRITERIA FOR GREAT ‘PLINTHS’: THREE LEVELS

Good buildings Good streets Good context

CRITERIA FOR GREAT ‘PLINTHS’: THREE LEVELS Level 1 - Good buildings: 1. Many units, 4-10 m unit width: variety functions and reasons to visit, vertical orientation, visual richness 2. Good hybrid zone, veranda feeling, rich material, not too much glass 3. Flexibility, plinth height > 4m, flexible land use plan

LONDON KING’S CROSS

CRITERIA FOR GREAT ‘PLINTHS’: THREE LEVELS Level 2 - Good streets: 1. Pleasure to walk in, balance car-pedestrians, comfort (wind, sun, sound, sitting), green, possibilities to sit, triangulation, great places 2. Wayfinding, clear building entrances, signage, clear beginning and end 3. Definition: height > half width, congruent street sides, tree canopy 4. Coalitions: street and place management

CRITERIA FOR GREAT ‘PLINTHS’: THREE LEVELS Level 3 - Good context: 1. Pedestrian flows, day and night, 5-20 passers-by per width meter per minute, density, fine grain 2. A good position in the urban fabric: history, pedestrian and cycling networks, connections to parks and plazas, meaningful functions 3. Cultural and/or economic capital in the surrounding neighbourhoods 4. Long term strategy and active partners who take responsibility

SYDNEY FINER GRAIN

7.

How can we improve existing areas?

ZOHO ROTTERDAM: BEFORE

ZOHO ROTTERDAM: AFTER

LEVELS OF SCALE TO WORK ON THE CITY AT EYE LEVEL BUILDING STREET SQUARE, PLACE, PARK AREA CITY INTERNATIONALLY

– Yellow Building – Panepistimiou – Schouwburgplein – ZOHO – Stockholm – City at Eye Level, Future of Places

8.

How can I stay involved? Open source learning community, learning internationally

Stay connected!

- share your own best practices & new chapters (Facebook) - new partner cities, build strategies - organize interventions, workshops & ‘games’ - new partners, expand international network, translations - train the local experts, masterclasses (IHS)

THANK YOU! contact: hans.karssenberg@stipo.nl community, share own ideas, book and presentation: www.facebook.com/thecityateyelevel