2024 Showcase of Health Research

2024 SHOWCASE

OF HEALTH RESEARCH

ConferenceProgram

February 9,2024

Italian Cultural Centre

Thunder Bay, ON

Showcase of Health Research

Being the 20th anniversary, the Centre for Applied Health Research at St. Joseph’s Care Group has hosted what has become the premier annual venue for the dissemination of research relevant to the health of Northwestern Ontarians.

The Centre for Applied Health Research is pleased to host the 2024 Showcase of Health Research.

This event is made possible through the generous support of the Leadership Team at St. Joseph’s Care Group.

Schedule of Events & Paper Presentations

8:30 AM Registration & Poster Set-up & Coffee/Tea Station

9:00 AM Welcome & Opening Remarks

Michel Bédard, Scientific Director, St. Joseph’s Care Group

Janine Black, President & Chief Executive Officer (CEO), St. Joseph’s Care Group

9:15 AM Examining Individual, Family, School and Regional Characteristics in ECigarette Use Among Ontario Adolescents

Jamie DiCasmirro, Sacha Dubois, Colleen Davison, Joan Tranmer, Kevin Woo, Catherine Goldie

– Lakehead University, Queens University

9:35 AM The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and SuicideRelated Behaviours in Indigenous Clients Seeking Substance Use Treatment

Lydia Hicks, Elaine Toombs, Christopher Mushquash

– Lakehead University, Dilico Anishinabek Family Care

9:55 AM Understanding Barriers to Implementing and Managing Therapeutic Diets for People Living with Chronic Kidney Disease in Remote Indigenous Communities

Rebecca Schiff, Holly Freill, Crystal Hardy

– University of Northern British Columbia, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre, Lakehead University

10:15 AM Eat, Sleep, Console: A Quality Improvement Project to Evaluate the Effect on Neonates and Nursing Experience in a Northwestern Regional Hospital

Tia Cooney, Jacqueline Larizza, Ursula Cote, Anne-Sophie Gervais, Lindsay Rae, Joel Warkentin, Sacha Dubois

– Confederation College, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

10:35 AM Nutritional break & Poster Presentations

11:05 AM Helping Others Facilitates Well-Being for Indigenous Peoples Living with HIV/AIDS in Canada

Brittany Skov, Grouzet Frederick, Renee Masching, Doris Peltier, Donald Turner, Randy Jackson, Charlene Briatico, et al.

– Lakehead University, University of Victoria, Community Partner, McMaster University, Medicine Wheel Spirit Shadow Dance, University of Waterloo

11:25 AM Understanding the Key Dimensions of Pandemic Response for 4 First Nations in Northwestern Ontario

Crystal N. Hardy, Rebecca Schiff, Christopher Mushquash, Helle Møller

– Lakehead University, University of Northern British Columbia

11:45 AM The Northwestern Ontario Workplace and Worker Health Study

Vicki Kristman

– Lakehead University

12:20 PM Lunch

12:35 PM Lunch (continued) & Poster Presentations

1:30 PM End of the 2024 Showcase

*Presenter in purple

Poster #

Poster Presentations

1 Describing the Relationships Between Mental Health Symptoms, Sleep Habits, and Screen Use in a Pediatric, Mental Health Population

Alexandra Drawson, Chiachen Cheng

– St. Joseph's Care Group

2 Mental Health and Addictions Youth Network (MAYNet): Exploring How Integrated Youth Services Can Provide Youth-Friendly Services for Clients Across the Spectrum of Needs

Hafsa Siddiqui, Sumit Kumar, Tixiana Ferrari, Jenna Simpson, Anthony Miller, Chiachen Cheng

– Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

3 "It's Hard to Try and Become Active When You Don't Know How": Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Physical Activity Participation Post-COVID-19 Restriction Removal Among Female Undergraduate Students

Madeline Fabiano, Erin Pearson

– Lakehead University

4 Change in a Northwestern Ontario Professional Fire Service's Critical Incident Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Risk During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Kate M. Posluszny, Regan Bolduc, Sara T. Sayed, Paolo Sanzo, Nicholas Ravanelli, Aislin Mushquash, Kathryn E. Sinden

– Lakehead University, Thunder Bay Fire Rescue Service

5 Identifying Mental Health Impacts Among Treaty Three Police Service (T3PS) Officers Serving Communities in Northwestern Ontario

Emily Tella, Joy MacDermid, Erin Pearson, Cheryl Gervais, Tricia Rupert, Kathryn Sinden

– Lakehead University, Western University, Treaty Three Police Services

6 'Nothing Made Sense': Long-Term Care Home Staff's Experiences of Moral Distress During The Pandemic

Caroline Sabotig, Nisha Sutherland, Elaine Wiersma, Lynn Martin, David Thompson

– Lakehead University

7 Family Resilience and COVID-19: Emerging Adults' Perceptions in Thunder Bay, Ontario

Mikayla Franczak, Mirella Stroink

– Lakehead University

8 Implementation of a Hysteroscopy Suite at Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre: Feasibility and Patient Satisfaction

Hannah Melchiorre, Rylee Mose, Brienne Bodkin, Deanna Buitenhuis, Laura Power

– Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

9 Peer-to-Peer (P2P): Speaking Up About Vaccine Safety

Abbey Radford, Elaine Toombs, Abigale Sprakes

– Lakehead University, Dilico Anishinabek Family Care

10 Do Students Have Access to Substance Use Services on Campus?

Characterizing Available Services and Supports in Ontario, Canada PostSecondary Institutions

Chelsea Noël, Christopher Armiento, Talia Strickland, Deborah Scharf

– Lakehead University

11

12

Evaluation of Post-Discharge Strategies to Improve Continuity of Care and Transitions at the Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Joanita Nakimuli, Hafsa Siddiqui, Shannon Schiffer

– Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Accessible Care, Distance, and Prostate Cancer Outcomes in Northwestern Ontario

Vahid Mehrnoush, Waleed Shabana, Walid Shahrour

– Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

13 Ambulatory Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty in Elderly Population: A Comparative Study

Vahid Mehrnoush, Waleed Shabana, Walid Shahrour

– Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

14

Repairing the Sacred Circle

Alycia Benson

– St. Joseph's Care Group

15 Reasons for Relapse in First Nation Adults - A Mixed Methods Study

Aashvi Gupta, Elaine Toombs

– Lakehead University

16

Primary Mental Health Needs in Rural Indigenous Communities

Katherine Fredrickson, Elaine Toombs

– Lakehead University

17

18

19

One Size Does Not Sit All: Examining Reasons for Sedentariness and Associated Mental Health Indices in Graduate University Students

Justin Tremblett, Erin Pearson

– Lakehead University

Women With Depressive Symptoms: Facial Emotion Detection Accuracy and Intensity

Bianca Boboc, Kirsten Oinonen, Chyenne Panetta, Nandini Parekh

– Lakehead University

The Effect of Motivational Interviewing Training on Undergraduate Nurses' Self-Efficacy, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Subjective Norms: A Comparison of Two Learning Styles

Maryam Einshouka, Deborah Scharf, Vicki Kristman

– Lakehead University

20

Workplace Job Stress Interventions: A Scoping Review

Maryam Einshouka, Mannila Sandhu, Vicki Kristman

– Lakehead University

21

Early Identification of Palliative Care Needs at Hogarth Riverview Manor

Erin Martel, Hemalatha Vijayakumar, Markiana Huzan, Marianne Kulp

– Hogarth Riverview Manor

22 Palliative Care and People with IDD: A Scoping Review

Kyle Swerhun, Anna De Jong, Lynn Martin

– Lakehead University

23 Use of Palliative Care Services Among LGBTQ+ Individuals: A Scoping Review

Anna De Jong, Kyle Swerhun, Lynn Martin

– Lakehead University

24

25

26

The Effect of Low Amplitude Plyometric Training Program on Balance and Agility of Youth Competitive Female Soccer Players

Eryk Przysucha, Erica Vidotto

– Lakehead University

Outcomes of Peri-Operative Total Knee and Hip Replacement Patients Using a Patient Engagement and Monitoring Platform

Rabail Siddiqui, Simrun Chahal, Lahama Naeem, Shalyn Littlefield, Kurt Droll, Claude Cullinan, Travis Marion, et al.

– Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

The Epidemiology of Hip Fracture Patients from Northwestern Ontario

Rabail Siddiqui, Simrun Chahal, Lahama Naeem, David Seligman, Sacha Dubois, Kurt Droll, Travis Marion, et al.

– Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

27

The Effect of Dry Cupping on Lumbar Spine Range of Motion

Natasha Scavarelli, Paolo Sanzo

– Lakehead University

28

Effectiveness of Current Hockey Helmet Technologies in Reducing Head Injury Risk During Oblique Impacts in Free Fall

Carlos Zerpa, Meilan Liu

– Lakehead University

29

The Effects of Bilateral Ankle Bracing and Sex on Swing Block Jump Height, Agility, and Sport Related Anxiety in Volleyball Players

Robert Colquhoun, Paolo Sanzo, Carlos Zerpa, Kathryn Sinden

– Lakehead University

30 Outcomes Following Total Knee Arthroplasty Utilizing Functional Test Measures

Braedan Prochnicki, Paolo Sanzo, David Puskas, Sarah Niccolli, Bruce Weaver, Simon Lees

– Lakehead University, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

31

32

The Effect of Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride on Thermoregulatory Responses During Exertional Heat Stress

Dougie Newhouse, Nicholas Ravanelli, Karlee Lefebvre, Emily Mihalcin, Mario Nucci

– Lakehead University, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

The Impact of Acute Heat Stress on Lactation Performance in Postpartum Mothers

Yasamin Razi, KarLee Lefebvre, Taryn Klarner, Ian Newhouse, Nicholas Ravanelli

– Lakehead University

33

34

The Physiological And Behavioural Responses of Heat-Vulnerable Populations During an Extreme Heat Event in Montreal, Quebec 2023: A Pilot Study

KarLee Lefebvre, Adèle Mornas, Daniel Gagnon, Nicholas Ravanelli

– Lakehead University, Université de Montréal, Laurentian University

Clinician Risk and Benefit Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Francesco Sacchetti, Michael Dohan, Shikui Wu

– Lakehead University

35

Defining the Minimal Clinically Important Difference in Emotion Regulation Among Youth Using the JoyPopTM App

Angela Ashley, Jaidyn Charlton, Ishaq Malik, Elaine Toombs, Fred Schmidt, Janine Olthuis, Aislin Mushquash, et al.

– Lakehead University, Children's Centre Thunder Bay, University of New Brunswick

36 Understanding How an App-based Group Chat Impacts Physical Activity

Behaviour and Mental Health Indices in an Individualized 6-week Aerobic Physical Activity Program for University Students

Brenden Degiacomo, Ian Newhouse, Erin Pearson, Samantha Morris, Leanne Smith

– Lakehead University

37 Wiiji PeerConnect: Evaluating an Indigenous Workplace Mental Health App Nadia Makar Abdel Messih, Mannila Sandhu, Audrey Gilbeau, Vicki Kristman

– Lakehead University, Nokiiwin Tribal Council

38 Contextualized AI: Redefining Healthcare Data Strategies in Northern Ontario

Andrew Austin, Holly Fleming, Megan Mertz, Brianne Wood

– Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

39 Mobile Crisis Response Teams in the Northern Context: Learning from IMPACT

Jillian Zitars, Deborah Scharf

– Lakehead University

*Presenter in purple

Speaker #1

Examining Individual, Family, School and Regional Characteristics in E-Cigarette Use Among Ontario Adolescents

Jamie DiCasmirro

Nursing, Lakehead University

Sacha Dubois

Nursing, Lakehead University

Colleen Davison

Public Health Science, Queens University

Joan Tranmer

Nursing, Queens University

Kevin Woo

Nursing, Queens University

Catherine Goldie

Nursing, Queens University

Background/Objectives: E-cigarettes, also known as vaping devices, are the most commonly used nicotine product among Ontario adolescents, with past year prevalence doubling from 11% to 23% between 2017 and 2019. Since vaping has the potential to lead to future nicotine dependence this is deeply concerning. Given this escalating prevalence, we sought to examine characteristics associated with adolescent vaping to inform potential public health responses.

Methods: Data from the Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey (2019 cycle) were used to perform a case-control study of Ontario students (grades 7-12). Cases were defined as students reporting past year e-cigarette use, while controls did not report past year use. Adjusted odds ratios of self-reported past year e-cigarette use for key individual, family, school, and regional characteristics were computed accounting for the data's underlying complex survey design.

Results: Key characteristics associated with greater odds of e-cigarettes use included: attending high school (OR=3.17, 95% CI=2.37,4.22); past alcohol use (OR=3.10, 95% CI=2.58,3.70) or smoking (OR=4.38, 95% CI=2.69,7.12); having parents born in Canada (OR=1.30, 95% CI=1.01,1.66); and reported feeling like a part of their school (OR=1.42, 95% CI=1.03,1.95). Of regional significance, students residing in Northern Ontario had increased odds of e-cigarette use compared to those in the GTA (OR=1.83, 95% CI=1.03, 3.23). Significant regional interactions will also be discussed.

Conclusion: As healthcare professionals, our knowledge of possible determinants of ecigarette use are critical in addressing the adolescent vaping crisis. Disseminating our findings will contribute to informing the future development of public health policies, practices, and programs.

Speaker #2

The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Suicide-Related Behaviours in Indigenous Clients Seeking Substance Use Treatment

Lydia Hicks

Psychology, Lakehead University

Elaine Toombs

Dilico Anishinabek Family Care

Christopher Mushquash

Psychology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Indigenous populations in Canada are at higher risk of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; e.g., abuse, neglect, or other household challenges before the age of 18) when compared to non-Indigenous populations. As the number of ACEs increase, so do rates of substance use and suicide risk. In non-Indigenous populations, the presence of prior suicide-related behaviours (SRBs) signals a need for higher intensity services within substance use treatment. This research sought to better understand the relationship between ACEs and SRBs among Indigenous clients undergoing substance use treatment.

Methods: The first study analyzes previously gathered data from a community-based participatory research program at an Indigenous-led substance use treatment facility, while the second study analyzes new data from culturally-validated SRB measures incorporated into the same research program. In both studies, clients with longstanding mental health and addictions difficulties were invited to complete two surveys assessing SRBs and ACEs during the five week culturally informed treatment program.

Results: ACEs and SRBs were high in both studies. In Study 1, specific ACEs (e.g., sexual abuse; household mental illness) were associated with higher odds of SRBs. In Study 2, results demonstrated that while most clients had experienced suicide ideation at some point in their lifetime, most clients were not actively experiencing suicide ideation while in treatment.

Conclusion: These results point towards the use of interventions that integrate ACE models in culturally appropriate ways, as well as the importance of supporting further development and capacity within culturally- and strength-based programs that support mental wellbeing and life promotion.

Speaker #3

Understanding Barriers to Implementing and Managing Therapeutic Diets for People Living with Chronic Kidney Disease in Remote Indigenous Communities

Rebecca Schiff

Human and Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia

Holly Freill

Academics and Interprofessional Education, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Crystal Hardy Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Indigenous peoples in Canada, and globally, experience a disproportionate burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) for which diet is part of therapy. Food quality and availability are poor in remote communities, indicating that persons with ESRD and CKD might have limited ability to adhere to dietary guidelines.

Methods: This research was a sub-project of a larger action research project, which included partners from 4 remote First Nations in Northern Ontario. Semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews were conducted. Questions that focused on patients' perspectives on food access while living on a therapeutic diet in their remote communities were analyzed.

Results: Results revealed important information about the challenges of maintaining a therapeutic diet in remote First Nations communities. These challenges were divided into 2 main themes:

1) challenges of transitioning to a therapeutic diet in remote First Nations communities and 2) food security and challenges managing a therapeutic diet in remote First Nations communities. Due to these interrelated issues, providing diet recommendations can be a challenge for dietitians who work with patients from northern, remote communities.

Conclusion: Results confirm and add new knowledge about food insecurity and living with chronic disease in remote communities. These findings support previous research that suggests that cultural safety in health care must include collaboration and partnerships with Indigenous groups as well as recognition of the broader context of a patient's life.

Speaker #4

Eat, Sleep, Console: A Quality Improvement Project to Evaluate the Effect on Neonates and Nursing Experience in a Northwestern Regional Hospital

Tia Cooney

School of Nursing, Confederation College

Jacqueline Larizza

Pediatric Resident, Northern Ontario School of Medicine

Ursula Cote

NICU, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Anne-Sophie Gervais

Pediatric Resident, Northern Ontario School of Medicine

Lindsay Rae

Women's and Children's Program, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Joel Warkentin

Pediatrics, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Sacha Dubois

Human Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine

Background: The Eat, Sleep, Console (ESC) model of care has been shown to be a superior approach to the assessment and management of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) compared to the Modified Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Scoring System (MFNASSS).

Objectives: To implement the ESC model to manage NAS and evaluate neonatal length of stay (LOS) and morphine use, as well as determine the nursing perspective related to this practice change.

Methods: Utilizing a retrospective chart review design, change in length of stay and morphine administration by intervention status was estimated via unadjusted hazard and risk ratios (along with 95% confidence intervals) respectively. Post implementation, nurses' perspectives were captured via a brief survey. Descriptive statistics are also presented.

Results: There were 75 MFNASSS and 40 ESC participants (after exclusion criteria applied). Reduced rate of LOS (HR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.1; 2.51) was observed for participants receiving the ESC intervention (4.53, SD = 1.94), compared to the MFNASSS control (7.45, SD = 6.35). While the ESC group appeared to have a greater proportion of neonates administered morphine (42.5% ESC vs. 26.7% MFNASSS) this was not statistically significant (RR: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.95; 1.72). Morphine doses per day were lower in the ESC group (0.37, SD = 1.50) compared to the MFNASSS group (5.16, SD =1.02). Overall, nurses reported a positive perspective on the policy change.

Conclusion: ESC was successfully implemented in a northwestern regional hospital. The overall LOS and daily use of morphine decreased. Nurses found the policy change to be safe and attainable.

Speaker #5

Helping Others Facilitates Well-Being for Indigenous Peoples Living with HIV/AIDS in Canada

Brittany Skov

Psychology, Lakehead University

Grouzet Frederick

Psychology, University of Victoria

Renee Masching

Community Partner

Doris Peltier

Feast Centre for Indigenous STBBI Research, McMaster University

Donald Turner

Medicine Wheel Spirit Shadow Dance

Randy Jackson

Health, Aging, and Society, McMaster University

Charlene Briatico

University of Waterloo

Background/Objectives: Research has found that helping others facilitates well-being for Indigenous peoples living with HIV/AIDS (IPHA), but limited research exists that investigates the mechanism(s) underlying this relationship. Indigenous perspectives posit that helping others facilitates well-being through the development of an individual's spiritual, physical, emotional, and mental aspects (four aspects). Similarly, self-determination theory posits that helping others facilitates well-being by satisfying basic psychological needs. In the present study, we examined if helping others facilitates well-being through the fulfillment of the four aspects of IPHA.

Methods: We used a convergent parallel mixed methods design coupled with a communityengaged approach grounded in principles of the United Nations Greater Involvement of People Living with HIV/AIDS, and Indigenous and decolonizing research methodologies. Survey (n=117) and interview data (n=9) collected by an Indigenous-led HIV/AIDS organization in Canada were employed to examine the relationship between helping, the four aspects, and well-being. Participants were First Nations, Métis, and Inuit leaders and mentors who live with HIV/AIDS. Survey and interview questions examined leadership, well-being, connection to culture, mastery, connectedness, social support, racism, stigma, and resilience. A parallel multiple mediation model and reflexive thematic analysis were used to analyze the relationship between helping, the four aspects, and well-being.

Results: Mixed-methods findings support the idea that helping others promotes well-being by fulfilling the emotional and mental aspects. Qualitative findings demonstrated this relationship for the spiritual and physical aspects, which was not found in the quantitative results.

Conclusion: This research may facilitate the development of programs to support IPHA wellbeing.

Speaker #6

Understanding the Key Dimensions of Pandemic Response for 4 First Nations in Northwestern Ontario

Crystal N. Hardy

Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Rebecca Schiff

Human and Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia

Christopher Mushquash

Psychology, Lakehead University

Helle Møller

Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: First Nations experience a disproportionate burden of illness than is observed in the general Canadian population, especially in the context of viral pandemics (Smallwood et al., 2021). First Nations' health is regulated through a tripartite system that divides responsibility among federal, provincial, and local bodies, leading to delays in healthcare acquisition and excessive gaps in funding (Smallwood et al., 2021; Craft et al., 2020). This research sought to understand what the tripartite response to mitigation and intervention was for 4 First Nations in Northwestern Ontario during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Grounded theory and a transformative framework were used to evaluate the provision of federal, provincial, and local services, supports, and resources during COVID-19. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from 14 key informants from 4 First Nations and 2 provincial territorial organizations.

Results: Increased access to funding and resources was associated with proximity to larger urban centres and road accessibility. Barriers to effective response were associated with a lack of integration of cultural values, and a lack of sufficient funding resources. Findings have been organized into a novel framework guiding prospective pandemic response for First Nations. The core dimensions of the framework include Culture, Context, Preparedness, Communications and Coordination, Surveillance, Response Efforts, and Reconstruction and Recovery.

Conclusion: Supports required for effective pandemic mitigation in First Nations vary dramatically from public health measures in non-Indigenous communities. The development of such supports requires the acknowledgement of each First Nation's right to selfdetermination, incorporating provisions across sectors and specialized funding resources.

Speaker #7

The Northwestern Ontario Workplace and Worker Health Study

Vicki Kristman EPID@Work Research Institute, Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Mental health is an important health concern in Canadian workplaces. Significant gaps persist in awareness and adoption of the National Standard for Psychological Health and Safety in the Workplace. The recommended measurement tool for the factors described in the Standard is inadequate to effectively identify aspects of the work environment requiring attention. In light of these gaps, we aim to: 1) determine the prevalence and incidence of mental health outcomes; 2) identify risk factors associated with these outcomes; and 3) provide a community research tool for surveillance, prognostic factor identification, and intervention assessment; in Northwestern Ontario (NWO) workers.

Methods: We designed a prospective cohort study of NWO workplaces and workers and analyzed baseline data from 304 workers participating as of Dec 14, 2023. Information on workplace demographics, mental and physical health, workplace factors, personal factors and personal demographics were collected with standardized instruments, where available.

Results: Preliminary results suggest 11.3% (95% CI: 7.1, 17.5) and 33.1% (95% CI: 25.5, 41.7) reporting low mental wellbeing in workplace and online participants, respectively. Approximately 45% of respondents reported experiencing workplace bullying, 30% discrimination, and 20% physical violence. Almost all workplace factors measured were associated with mental wellbeing in bivariable analyses.

Conclusion: This study is poised to represent the largest cohort study conducted in NWO with a planned sample size of 6,000 workers across 20 industrial sectors. We envision this study as a community research tool for all NWO. Preliminary results suggest mental health concerns are associated with modifiable workplace factors. Next, we will examine these associations longitudinally.

Poster #1

Describing the Relationships Between Mental Health Symptoms, Sleep Habits, and Screen Use in a Pediatric, Mental Health Population

Alexandra Drawson

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Services, St. Joseph's Care Group

Chiachen Cheng

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Services, St. Joseph's Care Group

Background/Objectives: This project seeks to understand the current trends in mental health symptoms, as well as the relationship between symptoms, sleep, and screen-use, in clients of St. Joseph's Care Group CAPS.

Methods: 36 caregivers and 13 clients participated. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Given the sample size, correlation coefficients were largely used to represent relationships.

Results: Most clients have their own cellular phone. Caregivers rated attachment to this phone higher than clients. Over half of respondents indicated involvement with Children's Centre Thunder Bay. According to caregivers, 64% of clients are experiencing clinicallyrelevant sleep difficulties. Strong correlations were found between sleep disturbance and hyperactivity and conduct problems, with a moderate relationship emerging with depression. 61.5% of clients reported clinically significant anxiety and depression symptoms. These symptoms were moderately correlated with addiction to social media and video games. Conduct problems were also strongly correlated with these addiction scores. Using screens in bed was related to higher symptoms of depression and conduct problems, as well as addiction scores. The only mental health factor moderately related to client sleep ratings was hyperactivity.

Conclusion: Many clients are experiencing significant symptoms of anxiety and depression, which are related to their involvement with social media and video games. According to caregivers, clients are experiencing serious difficulties with sleep, and this is related to depression, hyperactivity, conduct problems and anxiety. Clients did not rate their sleep as problematic. Further data will be analyzed to clarify these relationships and improve services.

Poster #2

Mental Health and Addictions Youth Network (MAYNet): Exploring How Integrated Youth Services Can Provide Youth-Friendly Services for Clients Across the Spectrum of Needs

Hafsa Siddiqui

Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Sumit Kumar

Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Tixiana Ferrari

Jenna Simpson

Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Anthony Miller

Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Chiachen Cheng

Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Background/Objectives: Integrated youth services have identified challenges in providing mental health and addictions programs that comprehensively address the psychosocial and clinical needs of individuals across the entire spectrum. This study sought to understand how these programs can provide youth-friendly mental health and addictions services for individuals with low or high levels of needs in the same setting.

Methods: Youth aged 12-25 with experience accessing mental health and/or addictions services were recruited from across Canada. Upon recruitment, youth were assessed and stratified into groups based on their level of clinical needs. Youth with low and high levels of needs were invited to participate in semi-structured focus groups and interviews.

Results: Early findings suggest that integrated youth services should function as central access points that connect youth with mental health, social, and economic supports. Although these spaces should function as "one-stop-shops", they should be tailored to meet the needs of the specific demographics they serve. High-needs youth expressed a desire for mental health and addictions programs restricted to individuals from similar cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds. Although virtual care was identified as being beneficial for those with transportation issues, many youth preferred in-person programs. It is important for these spaces to offer social activities that can help youth build a community with others.

Conclusion: It is important to ensure that these services are flexible to meet diverse needs, offer non-judgemental, confidential, accessible care, act as a point of access for other services, and offer a space for youth in the community to gather.

Poster #3

"It's Hard to Try and Become Active When You Don't Know How": Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Physical Activity Participation Post-COVID-19 Restriction Removal Among Female Undergraduate Students

Madeline Fabiano

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Erin Pearson

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Despite the physical and mental health benefits of regular physical activity (PA), females have lower participation rates compared to males, especially during university. Post-COVID-19 restriction removal, PA engagement among female undergraduate students (FUS) worsened, which is concerning, as university is an important time to foster lifelong habits. There is currently little research examining FUS PA behaviour in conjunction with the pandemic's trajectory. The purpose was to qualitatively explore PA participation experiences post-COVID-19 restriction removal among FUS at a mid-sized university to inform future health-promoting interventions.

Methods: This descriptive study involved recruiting FUS who wanted to become more active. One-on-one semi-structured interviews focused on PA habits, barriers and facilitators to engagement, and COVID-19-related experiences. Data were analyzed inductively, and several strategies were employed to enhance trustworthiness.

Results: Ten FUS (Mean age= 20.6; Year of study= 3.6) were interviewed. Participants noted various barriers (e.g., low priority; low self-efficacy; negative judgement; exercising alone) and facilitators (e.g., social aspect; internal obligation) to PA engagement. Overall, participants' PA participation decreased post-COVID-19 restriction removal. Participants attributed this to their limited knowledge of how to structure workouts and operate equipment, as well as feeling low confidence and intimidated when exercising alone.

Conclusion: The pandemic may have interfered with the development of PA-related knowledge and habit formation. The barriers and facilitators shared suggest that tailored interventions with a social component are warranted to improve FUS PA participation. Results will be valuable for health promoters in higher education responsible for fostering student well-being during the pandemic recovery period.

Poster #4

Change in a Northwestern Ontario Professional Fire Service's Critical Incident Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Risk During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Kate M. Posluszny

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Regan Bolduc

Thunder Bay Fire Rescue Service

Sara T. Sayed

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Paolo Sanzo

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Nicholas Ravanelli

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Aislin Mushquash

Department of Psychology, Lakehead University

Kathryn E. Sinden

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Firefighters are repeatedly exposed to critical incidents (CIs) which are work-related traumatic events that increase their risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted firefighters' risk of developing PTSD. The objective of the present study was to determine whether there were any changes in the Thunder Bay Fire Rescue firefighters' mental health burden, which assessed whether CI exposure and PTSD risk were altered following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A total of 78 male firefighters completed a demographic questionnaire, the Critical Incident Inventory (CII), and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5) before (January 2020) and during (April 2022) the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: While the firefighter's exposure to CIs remained consistent over time (n.s.), 92% experienced a CI within two months. Significant change in the firefighter's PTSD risk was identified, suggesting that the firefighters experienced worsened mental health risk, z = 2.94, n = 78, p < .01, r = .33. Further analysis revealed that PTSD risk during the pandemic (Md = 8) increased from pre-pandemic levels (Md = 6). During the pandemic, 92% (n = 72) of the firefighters experienced a symptom of PTSD within the previous month, resulting in a 7% increase over time.

Conclusion: Overall, worsening of the mental health burden resulted from prevalent exposures to CIs and an increased risk of developing PTSD. Study findings were utilized to inform the service on their current mental health status, which will continue the development of evidence-informed programming surrounding mental health disorder reduction/prevention.

Poster #5

Identifying Mental Health Impacts Among Treaty Three Police Service (T3PS) Officers

Serving Communities in Northwestern Ontario

Emily Tella

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Joy MacDermid

School of Physical Therapy, Western University

Erin Pearson

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Cheryl Gervais

Treaty Three Police Services

Tricia Rupert

Treaty Three Police Services

Kathryn Sinden

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Police officers serving first nations communities particularly indigenous officers may experience heightened adverse mental health resulting from personal, generational, and systemic trauma experienced within these communities. To determine mental health constructs among T3PS indigenous and non-indigenous officers serving Northwestern Ontario communities.

Methods: Descriptive statistics were administered of the Brief Trauma Questionnaire, the Critical Incident History Questionnaire for Police Officers and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and the Self Stigma of Seeking Help Scale (SSOSH). T-Tests identified how mental health constructs differed between indigenous and non-indigenous T3PS officers.

Results: T3PS officers experienced work-related (Md= 120; IQR = 160) and non-work-related (Md=3; IQR=3) critical incident exposures. Non-indigenous T3PS' officers experienced higher overall critical incident (CI) exposures (Md=165; IQR=188) than indigenous T3PS officers (Md=129; IQR=233). Indigenous T3PS officers experienced higher non-work-related trauma exposure (Md= 4; IQR=3) and PTSD risk (Md=29; IQR=54) than non-Indigenous officers' (Md= 3; IQR=3) and (Md=13; IQR=42). 40% of Indigenous T3PS' officers experienced unwanted sexual contact over their lifetime compared to 7% of non-indigenous officers. 28% of indigenous T3PS officers were at high risk of developing PTSD compared to 5% of nonindigenous officers.

Conclusion: T3PS officers experience a confluence of work-related and non-work-related critical exposures. Indigenous T3PS officers experience higher frequency of non-work-related critical exposures and PTSD risk compared to non-indigenous officers. Traditional healing methods are required to support T3PS officers' mental health.

Poster #6

'Nothing Made Sense': Long-Term Care Home Staff's Experiences of Moral Distress During the Pandemic

Caroline Sabotig

School of Nursing, Lakehead University

Nisha Sutherland

School of Nursing, Lakehead University

Elaine Wiersma

Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Lynn Martin

Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University

David Thompson

Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Long-term care (LTC) home staff's experiences of moral distress during the pandemic have exasperated ongoing issues of staff burnout, job dissatisfaction, and termination of employment. The COVID-19 restrictions have often resulted in staff facing ethical dilemmas that conflict with their values and what they know as adequate care. The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain an in-depth understanding of local LTC home staff's experiences of moral distress during the pandemic and subsequent impacts on mental health, resilience, and adaptation. Given the growing demands for LTC services, it is imperative to understand staff experiences of moral distress and ultimately address recruitment and retention issues.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews (n=11) with registered nurses (n=4) and personal support workers (n=7) from the Thunder Bay region. Interviews via zoom web conferencing lasted 40 to 60 minutes. Data were analyzed using a voice-centred relational approach to understand participants' perspectives relating to structures that shape everyday experiences in LTC.

Results: Preliminary findings have identified the following themes: 'Nothing makes sense'; Enforcing and breaking rules; and, Feeling guilty, disconnected, and helpless. Staff enforced restrictions that at times caused residents and families to suffer and were contradictory to staff's values of caring.

Conclusion: Findings suggest that LTC home staff silently struggled while facing ethical dilemmas. As frontline LTC home staff, nurses and personal support workers witnessed everyday consequences of ongoing restrictions. LTC home staff should be included in developing and evaluating regulations that impact their work caring for residents.

Poster #7

Family Resilience and COVID-19: Emerging Adults' Perceptions in Thunder Bay, Ontario

Mikayla Franczak

Psychology, Lakehead University

Mirella Stroink

Psychology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: COVID-19 was a stressful period for many families (Prime et al., 2020). Family resilience is the capacity of a family to adapt and find an improved level of functioning following a challenge (Maurovic et al., 2020; Walsh, 2016). This study sought to understand the role of family resilience in how emerging adults perceived their family of origin and its dynamics during COVID-19 in Thunder Bay. Specifically, this study focused on whether two family resilience processes, family problem-solving and utilization of external resources, moderated the effect of COVID-19 stressors and COVID-19 impacts on family satisfaction.

Methods: A sample of 149 emerging adults living in Thunder Bay from March 2020 to April 2023 completed an online survey. Questionnaires regarding their family of origin assessed the number of COVID-19 stressors, COVID-19 impacts on the family, family communication and problem-solving skills, utilization of external resources used by the family, and current satisfaction with their family.

Results: A three-step hierarchical regression provided partial support for the moderating roles of both problem-solving skills and external resources on the association between COVID-19 impacts and family satisfaction, but not between COVID-19 stressors and family satisfaction.

Conclusion: Individuals who felt their family had better problem-solving skills and used their external resources were associated with higher levels of family satisfaction following the impact of pandemic on their family. Implications for strengthening these family dynamics and offering supports may improve their quality of life and prepare them for future adversity.

Poster #8

Implementation of a Hysteroscopy Suite at Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences

Centre: Feasibility and Patient Satisfaction

Hannah Melchiorre

Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Rylee Mose

Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Brienne Bodkin

Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Deanna Buitenhuis

Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Laura Power

Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Background/Objectives: Research shows that hysteroscopic procedures under sedation are safe and well tolerated by patients. Despite known advantages, most centres face financial and resource barriers to moving these cases out of the operating room. We conducted a pilot project to implement a "hysteroscopy suite" at a regional hospital. Procedures were performed in an unutilized operating room with sedation administered by an RN. This allowed for a quick transition without start up costs. We wanted to assess patient satisfaction in this type of environment.

Methods: We performed a patient satisfaction study to assess if hysteroscopic procedures under sedation can be applied to our unique patient population in Northwestern Ontario. 119 patients who underwent hysteroscopic procedures with sedation were invited to participate in this study between May 2021 and May 2022 at the Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre. 90 consenting participants completed a questionnaire about overall satisfaction on pain, education, and whether they would recommend the approach to a friend.

Results: Findings show that 93% of all participants would recommend the procedure and rated the overall care as very good to excellent. 82% of participants reported experiencing minimal to no pain during or after the procedure. While 30% of patients reported experiencing a significant amount of pain, 81% of those experiencing severe pain would still recommend the procedure.

Conclusion: Our study shows successful implementation of performing hysteroscopic procedures under sedation in our Northwestern Ontario centre. We incurred no additional start up costs and future work will focus on knowledge translation to similar settings.

Poster #9

Peer-to-Peer (P2P): Speaking Up About Vaccine Safety

Abbey Radford

Psychology, Lakehead University

Elaine Toombs

Dilico Anishinabek Family Care

Abigale Sprakes

Social Work, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: The Peer-to-Peer (P2P): Speaking Up About Vaccine Safety project in Thunder Bay, Ontario, was initiated to address the impact of COVID-19 on marginalized populations. Funded by the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), the initiative aimed to enhance vaccine confidence and uptake while overcoming access barriers for marginalized communities. Led by NorWest Community Health Centres in collaboration with Dilico Anishinabek Family Care and six other organizations, this study evaluated the local vaccination confidence and uptake model, considering health disparities and social determinants of health faced by marginalized individuals in the region.

Methods: Using a low-barrier evaluation approach, the project's progress and impact were assessed through document reviews, interviews with collaborators and peer outreach workers, and quantitative data analysis of relevant vaccine activities.

Results: The P2P project primarily relied on peer outreach to engage vaccine-hesitant individuals in marginalized communities, successfully increasing access to evidence-based information, disseminating positive messaging, and expanding vaccination services. It alleviated barriers to care, improved vaccination knowledge, enhanced cultural awareness and safety among peer outreach workers, and fostered collaboration among partner organizations during crisis response.

Conclusion: The collaborative efforts of the P2P Project have built community capacity and knowledge to address vaccine hesitancy among populations disproportionately affected by COVID-19. This initiative has been crucial in supporting marginalized communities in Thunder Bay, Fort William First Nation, and the broader Thunder Bay district.

Poster #10

Do Students Have Access to Substance Use Services on Campus? Characterizing Available Services and Supports in Ontario, Canada Post-Secondary Institutions

Chelsea Noël

Psychology, Lakehead University

Christopher Armiento

Lakehead University

Talia Strickland

Psychology, Lakehead University

Deborah Scharf

Psychology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Rates of substance use (SU) among post-secondary students are high and have increased following the onset of COVID-19. Existing research suggests that problematic SU issues are not typically addressed by mental health (MH) supports offered by post-secondary institutions. Little is known about how post-secondary institutions have ensured continuity of care and addressed emergent, increasing student MH and problematic SU needs following lifted COVID-19 restrictions and widespread return to in-person course delivery. Thus, the current environmental scan provides a synthesized perspective on SU supports available to post-secondary students in Ontario post-COVID-19.

Methods: A Web-based environmental scan of 20 universities and 24 colleges across Ontario, Canada was conducted between October 2022 and July 2023. Descriptive analyses were conducted to describe available MH supports and determine whether SU issues are addressed through these supports based on information provided via institution websites and through social media.

Results: While most institutions offered in-person (96%) or online (81%) counselling services, psychoeducational resources (83%) and crisis intervention services (91%), nearly half (38%) of these supports were outsourced to external resources, phone hotlines, smartphone applications and other professionals. Moreover, few available supports addressed SU issues (counselling services; 38%, psychoeducational resources; 34%, crisis intervention services; 38%).

Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that Canadian post-secondary institutions have not adjusted existing services to support students' emergent needs related to SU concerns. As MH and SU issues are highly comorbid, integrated services and increased specialized training among MH professionals is needed to mitigate the rise in SU and associated issues among post-secondary student populations post-COVID-19.

Poster #11

Evaluation of Post-Discharge Strategies to Improve Continuity of Care and Transitions at the Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Joanita Nakimuli

Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Hafsa Siddiqui

Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Shannon Schiffer

Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Background/Objectives: Patient oriented discharge summaries (PODS) are standardized patient-oriented communication tools which provide patients with information on diagnosisspecific signs and symptoms, medication changes, upcoming appointments, routine/lifestyle changes, and contact information for follow-up care. The delivery of PODS is complemented by a teach back to facilitate patient retention of care instructions prior to transitioning from the acute hospital setting. This information is reinforced by follow-up phone calls by nurses within 72 hours of discharge. The goal of this project was to evaluate whether the combination of PODS and post-discharge phone-calls contribute to greater patient retention of discharge instructions when compared with PODS alone.

Methods: Data from patient experience surveys and post-discharge nurse phone calls is being analyzed to assess patient-reported understanding of medications, discharge instructions, danger signs and symptom management.

Results: Early findings suggest that patients who receive PODS demonstrate greater understanding of medications, danger signs, and who to contact if they have more questions. However, patients in certain care areas exhibit lower levels of retention of discharge instructions. Post-discharge phone calls are effective in reinforcing patient understanding. Standardized delivery of the patient teach-back method may improve patient understanding of post-discharge instructions.

Conclusion: Although patient oriented discharge summaries are effective tools for communicating post-discharge care instructions, post-discharge phone calls are essential for improving patient understanding and adherence to care instructions. Together, these programs improve continuity of care and transitions, leading to fewer adverse events in a post-discharge setting.

Poster #12

Accessible Care, Distance, and Prostate Cancer Outcomes in Northwestern Ontario

Vahid Mehrnoush

Urology, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute | Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Waleed Shabana

Urology, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Walid Shahrour

Urology, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Background/Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) management challenges emerge for patients distant from major centers. This study assesses the impact of travel distance on presentation outcomes and treatment decisions for PCa patients at Thunder Bay Regional Health Science Center (TBRHSC) from 2010 to 2020.

Methods: A retrospective chart review included 1412 PCa patients (median age 69) at TBRHSC. Travel distance (< 300 km or ≥ 300 km) was measured from the patient's postal code centroid. Risk stratification followed American Urologic Association guidelines.

Results: Presentation Outcomes: Of the cohort, 85.8% had localized PCa, and 14.2% were advanced. Patients ≥ 300 km presented with higher PSA, Gleason scores, and increased rates of advanced and metastatic cancer (19% vs. 78%, p-value < 0.05). A significant correlation between PSA at diagnosis and distance was observed (P= 0.008, coefficient=0.076).

Treatment Options: Patients < 300 km were more likely to undergo radical prostatectomy (36.3% vs. 26.3%). Increased distance correlated with reduced optimal therapy for localized tumours, leading to reliance on hormone and radiotherapy. Intermediate- and high-risk localized PCa patients < 300 km were more likely to opt for radio- and hormone therapy compared to those ≥ 300 km.

Conclusion: Distance significantly influenced presentation outcomes and treatment decisions. Plans for satellite uro-oncology centers and a PCa screening campaign address distance-related unavailability, emphasizing the need for equitable access in regions distant from major healthcare centers.

Poster #13

Ambulatory Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty in Elderly Population: A Comparative Study

Vahid Mehrnoush

Urology, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute | Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Waleed Shabana

Urology, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Walid Shahrour

Urology, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Background/Objectives: Owing to the overwhelming burden of COVID-19, Buccal Mucosal Graft (BMG) urethroplasty in the elderly has been shifted from inpatient to ambulatory at Thunder Bay Regional Health Science Center (TBRHSC) in Canada in early 2020. This study aimed to describe our experience with ambulatory BMG urethroplasty in the elderly at TBRHSC and compare its feasibility and safety to inpatient urethroplasty before and after the practice change.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients with BMG urethroplasty at 65 or older was conducted between March 2018 and May 2022, i.e., pre-and post-practice change. Demographics, clinical characteristics, postoperative course, and complications were compared in patients who had ambulatory (discharged within 6 hours) vs. inpatient BMG urethroplasty.

Results: Of 37 BMG urethroplasties (aged 65 years or above), 15 (40.5%) were inpatient, while 22 (59.5%) were ambulatory. No significant differences were found between the two groups regarding basic and peri-op characteristics. There were significant differences in complications in inpatient vs. ambulatory cases (20% vs. 4.5%). The recurrence was observed in 3/22 (13.6%) ambulatory and 2/15 (13.3%) inpatient cases (p-value=0.79). The success rates were comparable between the groups, i.e. 86.4% (outpatient) vs 86.6.% (inpatient). The inpatient group's follow-up period was significantly longer than that of the ambulatory group.

Conclusion: Ambulatory BMG urethroplasty in the elderly is safe and causes no additional morbidity, considering our study's follow-up period in ambulatory BMG urethroplasty was shorter than that of the inpatient. However, a longer follow-up time may be required to draw firm conclusions.

Poster #14

Repairing the Sacred Circle

Alycia Benson

N'doo'owe Binesi, St. Joseph’s Care Group

Background/Objectives: Repairing the Sacred Circle (RSC) Cultural Safety Training introduces participants, in a safe space, to have discussions around truth and reconciliation. It is a reflective training processes and allows for cross-cultural discussions as an entry point to create the necessary systems and personal changes for awareness and inclusiveness within SJCG. These sessions may produce feelings of uncomfortableness and distrust. Learning outcomes include having an increased knowledge around race, stereotypes, and discrimination influence on healthcare pathways for indigenous peoples; increased awareness of how these foundational concepts apply within one's leadership role; and selfawareness and reflection processes experienced through the sharing circle.

Methods: Participants are provided a post-session link to complete a experience survey. The REDCap data is analyzed and reviewed for further development and insight into program planning.

Results: RSC1 has continued to hold weekly sessions. To date sessions have been delivered across SJCG, with a completion status of 231 SJCG staff, and 237 Partnering personnel. As of October 2023, 95% (strongly agree & agree) respondents stated RSC1 sessions met their expectations. 73.6% of respondents acknowledged that a commitment to cultural safety is life long journey. 89.8% of RSC1 respondents are more aware of their biases, stereotypes and assumptions.

Conclusion: Feedback from RSC1 post engagement surveys, and the feedback sharing circle for the development of RSC2 has been successful. This training session aims to provide staff and partners with the toolkit to address situations as they emerge and stand as an advocate and ally.

Poster #15

Reasons for Relapse in First Nation Adults - A Mixed Methods Study

Aashvi Gupta

Psychology, Lakehead University

Elaine Toombs

Psychology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Relapse is the resumption of substance use following a treatment attempt, at the level before treatment. First Nation communities continue to see a high rate of relapse following substance use treatments. This study aims to understand whether relapse is different for First Nation communities and the factors that increase the risk for relapse.

Methods: Adults (N= 361) seeking residential treatment for substance use consented to complete the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) questionnaire and answered questions about relapse (following previous self-reported residential treatment attempts) as part of a broader First Nation-led community-based study. Reasons for relapse are identified through a thematic analysis and classified into broader categories and sub-categories.

Results: Given the exploratory nature of the study, various reasons for relapse have been identified among participants at individual, family, and community levels. A reflexive thematic analysis generated four broad themes: adverse internal circumstances (N= 101), adverse external circumstances (N= 71), social pressures or recreation (N= 45), and following pre-treatment patterns and routines (N=37). The reasons for relapse identified include mental illness, health problems, tragic life events, peer and family influences, and lack of commitment to recovery and aftercare plans.

Conclusion: Substance use relapse is potentially harmful not only to the individual but also to the broader community. Understanding specific reasons for relapse among First Nation individuals can inform treatments and help the clients meet their substance use goals.

Poster #16

Primary Mental Health Needs in Rural Indigenous Communities

Katherine Fredrickson

Psychology, Lakehead University

Elaine Toombs

Psychology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Deficit in research exists in the field of mental health for First Nations' youth in the area of self-reported experiences. With the high needs of youth onreserve, there is a need to increase service delivery to suit the needs of Indigenous people. This study will collect first-hand experiences of Indigenous youth, caregivers, community members and service providers to determine primary needs of youth, and how resources can best be utilized.

Methods: Open-ended, qualitative interviews will be conducted. Indigenous youth, caregivers, and community members living on-reserve are eligible to participate. Participants will be invited to share experiences in mental health and perspectives on community needs. Recordings of the interviews will be analyzed, and trends in responses will be recorded through qualitative analysis.

Results: Due to the minimally structured nature of the interviews, results are anticipated to vary. Early trends reflect a lack of professional care providers, structure, information and education on services available. Current service delivery is centred around crisis management, and a desire for more regular care is expected. Community-grounded programming is expected to be beneficial as supplementary support utilizing existing community strengths.

Conclusion: Study of first-hand experiences guided by Indigenous community members will provide beneficial input to existing research to tailor future service delivery to actual needs. This allows for a meaningful contribution from Indigenous people on care that they receive. Results may guide further research and permit better service provision, and may be used by First Nations' councils to guide funding use and future planning.

Poster #17

One Size Does Not Sit All: Examining Reasons for Sedentariness and Associated Mental Health Indices in Graduate University Students

Justin Tremblett

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Erin Pearson

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Studies suggest that increased motivation to reduce sedentary behaviour can decrease anxiety, stress, and depression symptoms. Currently, there is little research supporting whether these relationships exist in graduate students, a highly sedentary population known to experience adverse mental health. The purpose was to assess the relationships between motivation to reduce sedentariness, stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms, and qualitatively explore perceived stressors and contributors to sedentariness in graduate students.

Methods: Graduate-level students were recruited for this cross-sectional mixed-methods study. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS), and the Behavioural Regulation for Exercise Questionnaire-2 (BREQ-2), adapted to assess sedentariness. Pearson correlations were used to assess relationship strength; qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: Eleven female and two male graduate students enrolled (Mage = 29.2). Weekday sedentary behaviour had a significant correlation with stress (r=.595, p=.032). Individuals who were intrinsically motivated to reduce their sedentary behaviour exhibited decreased symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression, albeit insignificant. Qualitatively, coursework was identified as a contributor to sedentariness while excess sitting to complete one's thesis contributed to declining mental health.

Conclusion: This is one of the first studies to integrate a motivational lens to assess sedentariness and mental health indices in graduate students. While the lack of significant results may be attributed to the small sample size and summer recruitment window, the qualitative findings highlight sedentariness and mental health as an important issue. Motivation may be integral to consider when designing related health-promoting interventions in this population.

Poster #18

Women With Depressive Symptoms: Facial Emotion Detection Accuracy and Intensity

Bianca Boboc

Psychology, Lakehead University

Kirsten Oinonen

Psychology, Lakehead University

Chyenne Panetta

Psychology, Lakehead University

Nandini Parekh

Psychology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Past research has suggested that depression is associated with altered facial emotion detection (FED), which may contribute to and maintain negative mood associated with the disorder. The purpose of this study was to investigate FED in women with depressive symptoms using a novel task that examines both accuracy and intensity of detection.

Methods: A sample of 128 women completed the study. Participants responded to the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS16). Those with scores in the bottom 40th percentile were characterized as having low depression symptoms (n = 49), while those in the top 40th percentile were characterized as having high depression symptoms (n = 52). The novel Facial Emotion Detection Task used neutral to emotional facial expression morphs (15 images per morph), and participants indicated what emotion they detected for each image within the progressive intensity morph. For all six basic emotions (happy, sad, angry, fearful, surprise, disgust) two types of scores were calculated: accuracy of responses and the intensity within the morph at which the correct emotion was detected (image number).

Results: Depressive symptoms were not associated with differences in accuracy across any of the emotions assessed. However, women with high depression symptoms detected emotions earlier (i.e., at lower intensities), and this effect was also significant for surprise emotions.

Conclusion: The finding that women with high depressive symptoms detect emotions at lower intensities is novel and is discussed in relation to existing literature. Mechanisms and implications of these results are explored.

Poster #19

The Effect of Motivational Interviewing Training on Undergraduate Nurses' SelfEfficacy, Knowledge, Attitudes, And Subjective Norms: A Comparison of Two Learning Styles

Maryam Einshouka

Health Sciences, EPID@Work, Lakehead University

Deborah Scharf

Department of Psychology, Lakehead University

Vicki Kristman

Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Substance use disorders (SUD) place an increasing burden on the Canadian healthcare system. In some healthcare settings, SUDs represent 20% of the presenting reason for care. Preparing nurses to use evidence-based counselling techniques, like Motivational Interviewing (MI), could reduce the burden on the health system. However, most Canadian nursing schools do not teach MI to undergraduate nurses. This study aimed to compare two MI skills learning methods (simulation vs. e-learning) to undergraduate nursing students.

Methods: The study used a randomized controlled trial design. Participants (n=52) who were undergraduate nurses, were randomized to simulation or e-learning. They completed surveys before and after the training. Learning methods were assessed with four outcomes: MI selfefficacy, attitudes, knowledge, and subjective norms.

Results: At baseline, prior MI training and self-efficacy mean scores significantly differed across the study arms. Paired t-test results showed significant increases in self-efficacy (Mean Difference = 23, +/- 15 ), attitude (MD = 1.5, +/-2.1), and subjective norm (MD = 1.8, +/2) for the simulation group, while self-efficacy (MD = 18, +/- 12.5), knowledge (MD = 0.5, +/1.1), and subjective norm (MD = 1.8, +/- 2) significantly increased for the e-learning group. No differences were found between the type of training and the measured outcomes in multivariable models.

Conclusion: In both methods, MI training was well-received by students and improved their self-efficacy, attitude, knowledge, and subjective norm. The findings suggest that nursing schools can introduce MI skills using the most convenient and cost-effective learning mode available with equal training effects.

Poster #20

Workplace Job Stress Interventions: A Scoping Review

Maryam Einshouka

Health Sciences, EPID@Work, Lakehead University

Mannila Sandhu

Health Sciences, EPID@Work, Lakehead University

Vicki Kristman

Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Job stress is a significant economic challenge in Canada, impacting health and workplace dynamics. Job stress occurs as a result of the interplay of individual and situational factors in the job demands and resources imbalance. This scoping review aims to identify peer-reviewed interventions addressing workplace job stress and map them according to intervention type and context.

Methods: A comprehensive search across Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, and Business Source Premier databases from 1980 to 2022 identified 301 articles focusing on interventions to alleviate job stress's impact on labour force participation, work engagement, productivity, and absenteeism. Data extraction focused on the nature of interventions and targeted sector populations.

Results: The review categorized interventions into five types: cognitive-behavioural (n=64), relaxation (n=57), multimodal (n=67), organizational (n=78), and alternative (n=35). Notably, over one-third of interventions targeted job stress in the healthcare sector, reflecting a potential epidemic in this population. Additionally, more than two-thirds of interventions were focused on individual workers, rather than organizational policies, cultures, and practices.

Conclusion: This study illuminates the extensive exploration of job stress interventions, revealing a heavily researched topic wherein numerous workplaces are actively initiating measures to tackle this issue. The review underscored a pronounced prevalence of individualdirected interventions in comparison to organization-directed ones, indicating a potential oversight by workplaces regarding the contextual origins of job stress. Further research is needed to delve into the underlying reasons and consequences of this trend, as well as to encourage more comprehensive root-level solutions for job stress.

Poster #21

Early Identification of Palliative Care Needs at Hogarth Riverview Manor

Erin Martel

Quality Improvement, Hogarth Riverview Manor

Hemalatha Vijayakumar

Quality Improvement, Hogarth Riverview Manor

Markiana Huzan

Quality Improvement, Hogarth Riverview Manor

Marianne Kulp

Associate Administrator, Hogarth Riverview Manor

Background/Objectives: Hogarth Riverview Manor recognizes the importance of end of life care for their residents. The early identification of palliative care needs aims to improve engagement in Advance Care Planning and end-of-life discussions. The proactive strategy seeks to enhance overall resident quality of life during the last stages by addressing residents' pain and symptom management, and focuses on families assisting them through the death and grieving process. Since October 2020, HRM has implemented the use of the Palliative Performance Scale (PPS) and the RAI documented CHESS (Changes in Health, End Stage Disease, Signs and Symptoms) score.

Methods: The Pain and Palliative Quality Improvement team leverages data from mandatory programs, PointClickCare and data trackers. CHESS scores greater than 3 trigger the "Early Identification Map for Palliative Residents" pathway guiding increased frequency of PPS assessments. HRM prioritizes offering PPS training to all staff, with registered staff receiving additional orientation on crucial conversations related to palliative care. Also offered is ongoing virtual sessions available for families and caregivers.

Results: In the early quarterly periods of 2021, PPS assessments were averaging completion of 24-56%, with EOL orders averaging 6. With tracker and pathway implementation for staff to follow for PPS assessments, HRM was able to increase the averages of PPS completion to 89- 98.7% and EOL orders averaging 13.

Conclusion: The observed positive correlation strongly suggests that the implementation of the palliative pathway, utilizing CHESS scores to prompt PPS assessments, has facilitated the early identification of palliative care needs at HRM and the timely initiation of EOL orders.

Poster #22

Palliative Care and People with IDD: A Scoping Review

Kyle Swerhun

Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Anna De Jong

Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Lynn Martin

Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Limited research exists on people with an intellectual or developmental disability (IDD) using palliative care (PC) services. The aim of this scoping review was to look into the current state of knowledge about PC use by people with an IDD and identify common trends and themes.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using articles published since 2010 from the PubMed and CINAHL databases. Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework for scoping reviews was applied.

Results: A total of 62 studies were identified. A large portion of the research originated in Europe, with few from North America. All studies used either PC or end-of-life in their work, though these were not often defined. A number of themes were identified, including lack of training, lack of access to PC services, and inconsistent inclusion of people with IDD in endof-life decision-making.

Conclusion: Those with an IDD in need of PC face common inequities in trying to use PC services. Future initiatives need to be aimed at properly educating and training care providers, increasing referrals and allowing people with an IDD to receive PC where they feel comfortable when possible, and ensuring individuals are included in their own EOL decisions.

Poster #23

Use of Palliative Care Services Among LGBTQ+ Individuals: A Scoping Review

Anna De Jong

Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Kyle Swerhun

Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Lynn Martin

Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Although the general barriers to health care (HC) for LGBTQ+ people are well known, limited research has focused on LGBTQ+ people and use of palliative care (PC) services. This scoping review aimed to understand the current knowledge on PC use among LGBTQ+ individuals and identify common themes in the literature.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using articles published between 2010 and 2023 from the PubMed and CINAHL databases. Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework for scoping reviews was applied.

Results: A total of 31 studies were identified. A significant portion of the research originated in North America, with little research from outside the USA. PC and end-of-life (EOL) care were most used to describe care, though these terms were often not defined. While all studies focused on sexual and gender minorities (SGM) in some way, definitions varied greatly with a noticeable lack of literature concerning transgender and gender-nonconforming people. Several themes were identified, including discrimination in PC settings, disenfranchised grief of care partners, and lack of training in HC concerning the unique needs of LGBTQ+ people using PC.

Conclusion: People identifying as LGBTQ+ experience unique inequities is accessing and using PC services. Future initiatives should focus on developing identity affirming PC settings, improved respect/support for care partners and found family, and ensuring HC providers are properly educated to provide care to this community.

Poster #24

The Effect of Low Amplitude Plyometric Training Program on Balance and Agility of Youth Competitive Female Soccer Players

Eryk Przysucha

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Erica Vidotto

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Physical demands of soccer involve constant body contact, "stop and go" changes of direction, ballistic/explosive movements in different planes of motion. The aim of this research was to examine the effects of low amplitude plyometric training on static balance, power and agility among youth competitive female soccer players.

Methods: Eight pre-adolescent (M = 12.38, SD = 1.1) female players were recruited. Participants completed a pre- and post-tests involving balance tasks, agility T-test and a power test. Training took place twice a week for 6 weeks, in 45 minute sessions. The training involved pogo jumps, agility ladders, lateral bounding, hurdle jumps, and sprints. Center of Pressure (COP) measures were derived from force platform and included Sway Area, COP Velocity, Length, & AP sway. Power was infrared from A Vertec® machine, and changes in agility were derived from Movement Time (sec) exhibited during the T-Test.

Results: In terms of power and agility significant improvements were evident between the pre- and post test (p <.05). In terms of balance, repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant differences between dominant and non-dominant one-leg stance, but not in bilateral condition. This pattern was consistent across all 4 variables examined.

Conclusion: The effects presented here are consistent with previous work involving older players (Wang & Zhang, 2016). These changes may be attributed to modulation of the stretch-shortening cycle, where a rapid eccentric contraction is followed by a rapid concentric muscle contraction (Haizlip et al., 2015). From the neurophysiological standpoint, this affects the activation of fast-twitch muscle fibers, responsible for ballistic actions.

Poster #25

Outcomes of Peri-Operative Total Knee and Hip Replacement Patients Using a Patient Engagement and Monitoring Platform

Rabail Siddiqui

Clinical Research Services, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute

Simrun Chahal

Clinical Research Services, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute

Lahama Naeem

Clinical Research Services, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute

Shalyn Littlefield

Clinical Research Services, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute

Kurt Droll

Orthopaedics, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Claude Cullinan

Orthopaedics, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Travis Marion

Orthopaedics, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre et al.

Background/Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for remote patient engagement and monitoring programs, such as SeamlessMD. The program was introduced at Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre (TBRHSC) in November 2020. We examine the platform's impact on post-operative length of stay (LOS), hospital readmissions and emergency department (ED) visits 60 days post-surgery in patients undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) or Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) in Northwestern Ontario.

Methods: Data were assessed from 212 patients undergoing primary THA or TKA at TBRHSC from March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2022. Patients were divided into two groups - enrolled or not enrolled in the remote program. Statistical differences in LOS, hospital readmissions, and ED visits were determined using Mann-Whitney tests. An odds ratio was calculated for ED visits.

Results: Compared to patients not enrolled in the program, enrolled patients had statistically lower LOS (U = 7779.0, p < 0.001) and less ED visits (U = 6287.5, p = 0.019). Patients enrolled had a 0.432 times lesser odds of visiting the ED post-surgery (OR = 0.432, 95%CI = 0.213 - 0.877, p = 0.022). There were no statistical differences found in 60-day readmission rates.

Conclusion: The implementation of a remote patient engagement and monitoring platform such as SeamlessMD at TBRHSC showed its potential value to reduce LOS and post-operative ED visits. With these surgical procedures performed at high volumes across Ontario and Canadian hospitals, the potential impact of the platform on reducing economic implications and improving patient outcomes could be significant.

Poster #26

The Epidemiology of Hip Fracture Patients from Northwestern Ontario

Rabail Siddiqui

Clinical Research Services Department, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute

Simrun Chahal

Clinical Research Services, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute

Lahama Naeem

Clinical Research Services, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute

David Seligman

Orthopaedic Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Sacha Dubois

Human Health Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Kurt Droll

Orthopaedics, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre

Travis Marion

Orthopaedics, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre et al.

Background/Objectives: Northwestern Ontario (NWO) faces unique challenges as it relates to hip fractures, such as transporting patients over a large geographic area and a patient population with greater medical complexity and multimorbidity. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological and demographic factors associated with morbidity, mortality, and post-operative outcomes of hip fracture patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 235 patients over the age of 50 that were treated for hip fractures between February 1st, 2021 and February 1st, 2022 in NWO (pathological fractures and multiple traumas were excluded). Data collection from the electronic medical records included demographics, comorbidities, and pre-operative AEs. Post-operative outcomes were collected for one year. Descriptive data analysis was determined to establish demographics of the patient population and comorbidities, and describe post-operative outcomes.

Results: Patients were predominantly female (64.3%) with a mean age of 78.9 (SD 10.6) years. Approximately 14% of patients self-identified as Indigenous and half (49.0%) resided outside of the city district. Patients presented with an average of 2.48 (SD 1.1) comorbidities (71.5% were cardiovascular) and approximately half (46.8%) experienced pre-operative AEs. Median length of stay was 7.0 (range 2 to 82) days. Within three months of surgery, 10% required one or more re-admissions however only 1% experienced an infection requiring surgical intervention. One year mortality rate was 24.7%. Epidemiological and demographic factors associated with morbidity, mortality, and post-operative outcomes will also be presented.

Conclusion: This study provides insights on baseline demographics, pre-existing comorbidities, and postoperative outcomes of hip fracture patients in NWO.

Poster #27

The Effect of Dry Cupping on Lumbar Spine Range of Motion

Natasha Scavarelli

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Paolo Sanzo

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Dry cupping is a therapeutic intervention used to produce a negative pressure, which stretches both the skin and underlying tissue. This mechanism is said to promote the flow of oxygenated blood to the area being treated and causes a physiological stretch in the muscle, allowing it to elongate. The perceived effectiveness of this intervention on the lumbar paraspinal muscles, however, has not been thoroughly examined. The purpose of this study was to explore the immediate effects of dry cupping the lumbar paraspinals on range of motion of the lumbar spine.

Methods: 30 healthy individuals between the ages of 18-30 years were recruited. A dry cupping intervention was performed on the lumbar paraspinal muscles for 10-minutes. Two plastic cups were placed on the bilateral paraspinals muscles at L1 and L5. Lumbar spine flexion range of motion at L1 and L5 were measured pre- and post-intervention. Descriptive statistics and paired sample T-tests were used to analyze the data with a p<.05.

Results: There was a statistically significant increase in lumbar spine flexion range of motion measured with the Sit and Reach Test, t(29)=12.62 p=0.001; d=2.34, and inclinometry, t(29)=11.10, p=0.001; d=3.86, with a large effect size.

Conclusion: Dry cupping may be an effective intervention strategy to increase lumbar spine range of motion and decrease stiffness, promote recovery, and reduce functional limitations. Future research may examine the difference in effectiveness of static compared to dynamic cupping.

Poster #28

Effectiveness of Current Hockey Helmet Technologies in Reducing Head Injury Risk During Oblique Impacts in Free Fall

Carlos Zerpa

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Meilan Liu

Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Some commercial helmet designs do not adequately mitigate the risk of head injury caused by angular accelerations at the side location of the head during oblique impacts. This is a concern as these helmets may fail to protect the temporal squamous bone and surrounding neurovascular structures of the brain from experiencing high levels of concentrated tissue distress. The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two commercially available helmets in mitigating the risk of head injuries caused by oblique free fall impacts at the helmets' front, side, and back locations.

Methods: A mechanical neck form, NOCSAE head form with sensors, and hockey helmet type were attached to a drop carriage. The carriage was dropped from 18 different heights onto a force plate instrumented with 30 and 45-degree angle brackets to produce 216 oblique impacts. A MATLAB script was used to calculate the risk of head injury from the rotational impact accelerations.

Results: When examining the risk of head injury, the result of the two-way analysis of variance revealed a significant interaction effect between helmet type and location for measures of angular severity index (AGSI), F(2,102)=29.02, p< .05, η2=0.36 with significant differences found between the two helmets at the side location.

Conclusion: The outcome of this study suggests the need to improve helmet technologies to mitigate the risk of head injury at the side location for oblique impacts. This information is beneficial for researchers and helmet manufacturers to encourage the design of new helmet technologies.

Poster #29

The Effects of Bilateral Ankle Bracing and Sex on Swing Block Jump Height, Agility, and Sport Related Anxiety in Volleyball Players

Robert Colquhoun

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Paolo Sanzo

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Carlos Zerpa

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Kathryn Sinden

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Ankle braces are commonly worn by athletes both as a method of rehabilitation after injury and prophylactically to prevent injuries. Research on the effect of bracing on athletic and psychological performance variables has mixed results with no further differentiation across the sexes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of bilateral soft-shell ankle bracing and sex on vertical jump height, ground reaction force (GRF), agility time, and measures of sport related anxiety.

Methods: 36 volleyball players (24 male, 12 female) completed a swing block vertical jump test and the Modified X Running Test with and without ankle braces. Vertical jump height (cm), normalized GRF (N), and time (s) to complete the agility test in seconds (s) was recorded and the SAS-2 Questionnaire completed.

Results: There was a significant main effect with a large effect size of brace condition on vertical jump height when wearing ankle braces, (F(1,33)=11.00, p=.002, η2 =.25); significant main effect of sex on jump height, (F(1,33)=31.21, p=.001, η2 =.49); significant interaction effect with a large effect size between sex and brace condition on values of GRF in the Zplane, (F(1,33)=7.71, p=.009, ηp2 =.19); and simple main effects of sex on ankle brace conditions with males producing less force in the Z-plane respective to bodyweight, t(22)=2.139, p=.044, d=.45 while not wearing ankle braces. There were no other statistically significant effects for any of the other variables.

Conclusion: Bilateral soft-shell ankle bracing significantly decreased vertical jump height and reduced normalized GRF but did not affect sport related anxiety.

Poster #30

Outcomes Following Total Knee Arthroplasty Utilizing Functional Test Measures

Braedan Prochnicki

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Paolo Sanzo

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

David Puskas

Clinical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Sarah Niccolli

Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Bruce Weaver

Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Simon Lees

Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Background/Objectives: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is conducted to alleviate symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Patients who smoke, have diabetes, and/or are overweight/obese often have poor surgical outcomes. The purpose of this analysis of preliminary data is to describe lifestyle risk factors and comorbidities on pre-operative TKA patients and their ability to perform functional tests.

Methods: Prospective participants aged 18-85 years, not having fractures, receiving revision surgeries, and scheduled to receive a TKA were recruited. Participants performed the Stair Climb Test (SCT), Stair Climb Power Test (SCPT), and Six-Minute Walk Test (SMWT) and completed self-report outcome measures. Follow-up testing will be completed 6-months post-operatively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were completed for the variables of interest (p<.05).

Results: 38 participants completed the SCT (M=35.35, SD=14.32), SCPT (M=14.14, SD=5.60), and the SMWT (M=344.32, SD=95.78) pre-operatively. Non-smokers (n=19) achieved better scores on the SCT (M=34.93, SD=15), SCPT (M=13.68, SD=5.43) and SMWT (M=359.95, SD=90.46) compared to smokers/former smokers (n=19; M=35.76, SD=13.99), (M=14.60, SD=5.88), (M=328.68, SD=100.79). Non-drinkers (n=28) achieved better scores on the SCT (M=35.06, SD=14.90), SCPT (M=14.09, SD=5.59), but not the SMWT (M=344.04, SD=152.45) as compared to drinkers (n=10; M=36.16, SD=13.25), (M=14.28, SD=5.95), (M=345.10, SD=87.74). Participants with ≤ 1 comorbidity (n=19) achieved better scores on the SCT (M=31.17, SD=14.66), SCPT (M=12.47, SD=5.90), and SMWT (M=385.32, SD=85.30) as compared to participants with ≥ two comorbidities (n=19; M=39.52, SD=13.02), (M=15.82, SD=4.88), (M=303.31, SD=89.63).

Conclusion: Higher overall scores on functional testing are indicative of more successful post-surgery recovery. Ongoing data collection and analysis is being completed to compare to pre- and post-operative results.

Poster #31

The Effect of Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride on Thermoregulatory Responses During Exertional Heat Stress

Dougie Newhouse

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Nicholas Ravanelli

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Karlee Lefebvre

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Emily Mihalcin

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Mario Nucci

Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Background/Objectives: Despite limited evidence, public health agencies suggest antihistamines blunt sweating and increases hyperthermia during heat stress. The present study evaluated whether diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) would alter sweating during exertional heat stress versus a placebo (PLA).

Methods: In a double-blind randomized crossover design, 20 participants completed 2 trials where they consuming either i) 50 mg DPH or ii) PLA ~2 hrs before a 60-min fixed intensity treadmill march in a climate-controlled room (~29.5°C & 35%RH). Rectal temperature (Trec) and local sweat rate (LSR) were continuously monitored. Whole-body sweat loss (WBSL) was calculated as the net difference between pre-and post-exercise body mass accounting for respiratory water losses.

Results: No differences were observed between conditions for baseline Trec (PLA: 37.09°C [36.93, 37.25], DPH: 37.13°C [37.00, 37.27], P=0.68), nor the 60-min ΔTrec (PLA: 0.84°C [0.69, 0.98], DPH: 0.82°C [0.66, 0.97], P=0.99). No differences in the onset of sweating were observed (PLA: 13.5 min [12.4,14.6]; DPH: 13.3 min [12.0, 14.6], P=0.79), nor steady-state LSR (PLA: 0.83 mg/cm2/min [0.71, 0.95]; DPH: 0.82 mg/cm2/min [0.69, 0.95], P=0.99). Lastly, WBSL did not differ (P=0.26) between PLA (406 g [370, 443]), and DPH (396 g [361, 431]).

Conclusion: The consumption of 50 mg DPH does not modulate sweating during 60 minutes of exercise.

Poster #32

The Impact of Acute Heat Stress on Lactation Performance in Postpartum Mothers

Yasamin Razi

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

KarLee Lefebvre

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Taryn Klarner

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Ian Newhouse

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Nicholas Ravanelli

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Extreme heat exposure is of particular concern for the health and wellbeing of vulnerable populations such as infants, pregnant, and breastfeeding women. While acute heat stress has been shown to negatively impact lactation performance in various mammalian species, limited evidence has explored whether similar effects are observed in postpartum mothers which could impact infant growth and development.

Methods: To date, 9 postpartum mothers (32±4 y; 1.6±0.1 m; 67±13 kg; 8±3 months postpartum) have completed a 60-minute passive heat stress by using a water perfused suit circulating 49°C water. 24-h before and after the passive heat stress, participants recorded lactation volume from either expression or breastfeeding using a scale accurate to ±2 grams, and recorded their fluid consumption during each period.

Results: During passive heating, core body temperature increased by 0.4±0.3˚C above baseline, and whole-body sweat loss was 338±201 g/h. There was no difference between the 24-h human milk volume after relative to before passive heating (PRE: 328±123 mL; POST: 312±148 mL, P>0.05). The frequency of lactation was not different in the 24-h before heating relative to the 24-h after heating (P>0.05). Participants consumed more fluid in the 24-h following passive heating (PRE: 1380±244 mL; POST: 1561±73 mL, P=0.04).

Conclusion: Preliminary results indicate that acute whole-body heat stress does not affect lactation performance in breastfeeding mothers during the 24-h period following acute heat exposure

Poster #33

The Physiological and Behavioural Responses of Heat-Vulnerable Populations During an Extreme Heat Event in Montreal, Quebec 2023: A Pilot Study

KarLee Lefebvre

School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Adèle Mornas

Université de Montréal

Daniel Gagnon

Université de Montréal

Nicholas Ravanelli

The Centre for Research in Occupational Safety and Health, Laurentian University

Background/Objectives: Heat-related injuries persist during extreme heat events (EHE), with an overwhelming majority occurring indoors among heat-vulnerable populations. However, how heat-vulnerable individuals respond during a natural EHE remains unknown. The purpose of the present pilot study was to assess the physiological and behavioural responses of heat-vulnerable people during an EHE and 3 days preceding (PRE) to investigate differences in physiological and behavioural responses.

Methods: Five heat-vulnerable individuals (67±5 y, 84.3±18.0 kg) participated in this pilot study. Using HeatSuite™, participants wore a fitness tracker, completed daily sleep and perceptual questionnaires, and recorded oral temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure at rest 3 times a day. An EHE occurred Sept. 5th - 7th (max temperature: 30.6±0.6°C; max humidex: 40.7±0.6), and thus data collected are compared to the 3 preceding days (Sept. 2nd - 4th, PRE; max temperature 27.2±2.3°C; max humidex: 34.0±4.6).

Results: Total step count increased during EHE relative to PRE (+47±83%). Mean oral temperature was higher during EHE (37.3±1.0°C) compared to PRE (36.7±0.7°C, P<0.05). Mean resting heart rate was similar between EHE (82±8 BPM) and PRE (81±7 BPM, P=0.32). Mean resting blood pressure was not different during PRE compared to EHE (P>0.38). Sleep quality was lower during EHE (P<0.05). Participants reported no difference in thermal discomfort (P=0.12) or sensation (P=0.38), however, reported increased thirst (P=0.03) during EHE.

Conclusion: This pilot study was successful at monitoring the responses of heat-vulnerable individuals in-situ during an EHE. Our results suggest an EHE reduces sleep quality, and increase thirst, oral temperature, and activity patterns in heat-vulnerable individuals.

Poster #34

Clinician Risk and Benefit Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Francesco Sacchetti

Center for Innovation and Entrepreneur Research, Lakehead University

Michael Dohan

Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Research, Lakehead University

Shikui Wu

Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Research, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to transform healthcare in the coming years. Despite this, many clinicians are apprehensive to use AI tools due to perceptions of risk related to their use. This study aims to evaluate factors influencing risk and benefit perceptions contributing to AI acceptance in healthcare from the clinician's perspective, by answering the question: How do perceived risks and benefits influence clinicians' intention to use AI technology in healthcare delivery?

Methods: We conducted an anonymous online survey based on the Value-Based Adoption Model (VAM). We administered the survey to clinicians in the United States (US). 175 participants were recruited from SurveyMonkey's online panel of healthcare doctors, nurses, and medical school students from May 2022 to July 2022.

Results: Concerns like performance anxiety, potential liabilities, and built-in social biases influence the perceived risk of AI tools. While the trust clinicians place in AI impacts how they view its advantages, it doesn't change their view of its risks. Both perceived trust and risks influence a clinician's willingness to adopt AI.

Conclusion: The findings of this research broadened our understanding of the factors influencing AI adoption by clinicians. This research was limited by its over representation of nurses in the sample. Practical guidelines for developing AI tools should focus on improving the explainability of AI tools, which should communicate benefits and address risk perceptions of the clinician. This study also underlines the need to clarify how AI would require updated malpractice laws and regulatory overhauls.

Poster #35

Defining the Minimal Clinically Important Difference in Emotion Regulation Among Youth Using the JoyPopTM App

Angela Ashley

Psychology, Lakehead University

Jaidyn Charlton

Psychology, Lakehead University

Ishaq Malik

Psychology, Lakehead University

Elaine Toombs

Psychology, Lakehead University

Fred Schmidt

Children's Centre Thunder Bay

Janine Olthuis

Psychology, University of New Brunswick

Aislin Mushquash

Psychology, Lakehead University et al.

Background/Objectives: In Northwestern Ontario, barriers to accessing mental health services pose a significant concern among youth. Smartphone apps are one solution to increase support. The JoyPopTM app provides evidence-based activities to enhance youth emotion regulation and coping skills development. Beyond establishing effectiveness in improving wellness outcomes, determining if these changes are clinically meaningful to youth is important. This study assessed the clinical importance of the JoyPopTM app in improving emotion regulation by determining the Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID).

Methods: Treatment-seeking youth (N=41; aged 12-18, 70.7% Indigenous) from two local mental health agencies in Northwestern Ontario used the app for up to 4 weeks and completed outcome questionnaires and user reports to assess changes in emotion regulation. The Global Rating of Change Scale (GROC) asked participants to indicate the smallest change in emotion regulation that was important to them as a result of their app use. The MCID was calculated and based on a score of +2 "somewhat better" on the GROC.

Results: Youth who rated the JoyPopTM app as somewhat better in improving emotion regulation showed a 2.80 (SD = 9.22) improvement after using the app for two weeks. The proportion of youth who met the MCID at two weeks was 45.2%.

Conclusion: Results support the utility of the JoyPopTM app as a clinically meaningful tool to promote youth mental health, describing changes in emotion regulation that are important to youth using mental health apps. The MCID may also inform future sample size and power calculations.

Poster #36

Understanding How an App-based Group Chat Impacts Physical Activity Behaviour and Mental Health Indices in an Individualized 6-week Aerobic Physical Activity Program for University Students

Brenden Degiacomo

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Ian Newhouse

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Erin Pearson

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Samantha Morris

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Leanne Smith

Kinesiology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: With the escalating mental health crisis among post-secondary students, accessible support becomes crucial. In this context, physical activity (PA) programming can present a viable aid by alleviating negative mental health symptoms. This study aims to assess a PA program effectiveness in enhancing PA behavior, aerobic fitness, and mental health, including stress, anxiety, and depression relief, while also fostering social support with an app-based group chat.

Methods: This study employed an experimental mixed methods design to compare a 6-week individualized aerobic-based PA program, with and without a group chat, among university students not meeting national PA guidelines. Participants completed questionnaires on PA, mental health, and an aerobic fitness test both before and after the program, as well as a 4week follow-up, including open-ended questions for qualitative feedback.

Results: Of the 19 students who completed the study, quantitative results showed the exercise-only group decreased sedentary minutes significantly more than the group chat group (p < .001). There were no other between-group differences, but within-group improvements included increased VO₂ max (p < .001), and decreased depression and stress scores (p = .02). Qualitatively, participants valued the individualized PA program, noting benefits in motivation and health awareness. Group chat users recognized its role in facilitating PA.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that an individualized PA program enhances PA engagement, aerobic fitness, and mental health, with or without group chat support. App use did not show quantitative benefits but was perceived positively. Further research with a larger sample and varied intervention structures is recommended.

Poster 37

Wiiji PeerConnect: Evaluating an Indigenous Workplace Mental Health App

Nadia Makar Abdel Messih

Enhancing the Prevention of Injury & Disability at Work (EPID@Work) Research Institute, Lakehead University

Mannila Sandhu

EPID@Work (Enhancing the Prevention of Injury & Disability @ Work) Research Institute, Lakehead University

Audrey Gilbeau

Administration, Nokiiwin Tribal Council

Vicki Kristman

Health and Behavioural Sciences; EPID@Work (Enhancing the Prevention of Injury & Disability @ Work) Research Institute, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Multiple e-mental health interventions exist, but there is a dearth of culturally-relevant resources for Indigenous workers. In partnership with the Nokiiwin Tribal Council, we conducted a process evaluation of "Wiiji PeerConnect", an app designed to support workplace mental health and encourage a peer-support network. The study sought to gain insight into the app's reach, compliance, appreciation, usage barriers, and users' perceived effectiveness.

Methods: Following several months of app access, participants were invited to join in sharing circles conducted to gather data on the contextual experiences of individuals using the app. Eligible participants were members of Nokiiwin communities and currently employed, selfemployed, or employed within the past year. Utilizing a thematic content analysis framework and a decolonizing lens, sessions were recorded, transcribed, deidentified, coded, and reviewed to develop conclusions.

Results: Data were gathered from six sharing circles, involving participants from five Nokiiwin communities. Ten participants were successfully recruited, representing diverse workplace sectors. We identified five themes addressing our objectives: 1) platform design and interface; 2) user-engagement, relevancy, and features; 3) mental health; 4) communication; and 5) suggestions for improvement. Thematic results revealed poor reach and compliance; however, the app was appreciated and perceived as having potential to provide support for Indigenous workplace mental health.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the peer support feature did not successfully reach the intended users. Future efforts should focus on building trust and addressing privacy concerns. Other platforms, beyond the app format, may be more acceptable to the Indigenous communities.

Poster #38

Contextualized AI: Redefining Healthcare Data Strategies in Northern Ontario

Andrew Austin

Dr. Gilles Arcand Centre for Health Equity, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Holly Fleming

Dr. Gilles Arcand Centre for Health Equity, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Megan Mertz

Dr. Gilles Arcand Centre for Health Equity, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Brianne Wood

Dr. Gilles Arcand Centre for Health Equity, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

Background/Objectives: In Northern Ontario, the complexities of data collection, management, and use pose significant challenges for future artificial intelligence (AI) integration in healthcare. The unique demographic, geographic, and cultural characteristics of this region require a nuanced approach to data handling that is critical to the effective implementation of AI solutions.

Methods: A workshop was held in October 2023 to explore these challenges and gather insights from various health leaders across Northern Ontario. Participants discussed data management practices, challenges in data collection and sharing, and the potential of data to inform AI applications, particularly in the healthcare sector.

Results: The workshop highlighted key data challenges, such as collecting extensive, highquality data in remote areas, integrating diverse data sources, and maintaining data privacy and security. Discussions highlighted the need for robust data infrastructures that can address the unique health and governance needs of Indigenous and rural communities, across a vast geography. Participants emphasized the importance of clear data governance protocols and data sharing and collaboration partnerships.

Conclusions: Northern Ontario's data context creates challenges and opportunities crucial for AI in healthcare. To advance AI in the healthcare space, we must tailor our data infrastructure to emphasize the development of reliable, secure, and culturally sensitive data systems. Additionally, workshop participants advocated for strategic planning and collaboration across sectors, as well as investment in data management to ensure the workforce can effectively use AI to improve healthcare, tailored to the needs and contexts of Northern Ontario's diverse, dispersed communities.

Poster #39

Mobile Crisis Response Teams in the Northern Context: Learning from IMPACT

Jillian Zitars

Psychology, Lakehead University

Deborah Scharf

Psychology, Lakehead University

Background/Objectives: Crisis response services can be tailored to meet communities' diverse needs. What works best in Northern Ontario, however, is largely unexplored. The present study builds on previous work that examined Thunder Bay's mobile crisis response team (MCRT) to examine specific contextual factors that affect the implementation and functioning of this team.

Methods: Using an extended Donabedian model as a guiding framework, we conducted interviews (N=13) with frontline and leadership staff from the police agency, mental health agency, and hospital, ride-along site visits (N=3), and reviewed program and agency documents to illustrate how the MCRT model operates in the context of the mid-size, geographically isolated, city of Thunder Bay, Ontario.

Results: Three main themes emerged that impacted MCRT fit with the Thunder Bay context: Meeting community needs (e.g., a high number of social service calls to police), the Northern context (e.g., social service workforce shortages, police mandate having a greater focus on social service), and complimentary community resources (e.g., other crisis response options available).

Conclusion: Considerations for the MCRT, the community of Thunder Bay, and other communities are discussed. This research has implications for how MCRTs are conceptualized in the literature and how communities select crisis models to best fit their resources and context. By optimizing MCRT services, communities have the potential to improve crisis response and alleviate strain on critical and highly burdened emergency departments and service systems.

Centre for Applied Health Research

Learner Award

The Centre for Applied Health Research (CAHR) Learner Award is a monetary prize awarded to the highest ranked student poster at the Showcase.

Presentations must be on a topic relevant to St. Joseph’s Care Group (addictions & mental health, seniors’ health, or rehabilitative care). As well, the candidate must be the presenter and first author, a student at Lakehead University or Northern Ontario Medical School University, and under the supervision of a CAHR member.

St. Joseph’s Care Group Awards in Applied Health Research

The St. Joseph’s Care Group (SJCG) Award in Applied Health Research is available to a full-time graduate student at Lakehead University pursuing research related to the service areas of SJCG. The service areas are: Addictions & Mental Health, Rehabilitative Care & Chronic Disease Management, and Seniors’ Health. The awards are administered through the Centre for Applied Health Research (CAHR) at SJCG.

Recipients of the awards must be Canadian citizens or permanent residents of Canada, and be residing in Thunder Bay during the tenure of the award. They also must be working with a supervisor who is a member of the CAHR at SJCG.

There are four awards available, each valued at $4000. The awards will be distributed in installments from September 1, 2024 to August 31, 2025.

Applications must be submitted on or before March 29, 2024 at 11:59 PM.

To be redirected to the application form, select the image below, or click here.

Centre for Applied Health Research

The Centre for Applied Health Research (CAHR) conducts high quality research, engages in knowledge translation, and supports St. Joseph's Care Group (SJCG) in the creation of new knowledge relevant to: Rehabilitative Care, Seniors' Health, and Addictions & Mental Health.

Objectives:

 Create new knowledge relevant to the organization

 Adopt strategies to enhance knowledge translation activities

 Support the development of research capacity within the organization

 Contribute expertise to facilitate evaluation activities

We work with clinicians and staff within SJCG as well as external healthcare and academic partners whose work is linked to the strategic directions of SJCG. We recognize that research or knowledge generation needs to be partnered with mobilization to ensure that relevant findings are put into practice. CAHR is strongly committed to sharing our work with as broad an audience as possible.

Members of the CAHR are eligible to apply for internal seed funding when available, and have access to other forms of supports (e.g., project consultation, statistical service) when possible.

For more information on the CAHR and CAHR membership, please visit cahr.sjcg.net, or select the image below.

Acknowledgements

Thank you to the following individuals for their work on the 2024 Showcase of Health Research!

Stephanie Schurr Clinical Manager

Physical Rehabilitative Care

St. Joseph’s Care Group

Sacha Dubois Lecturer

Nursing Lakehead University

Kaitlyn Hynnes Volunteer Services Coordinator VolunteerServices

St.Joseph’sCareGroup

Duncan Koza

Website & Graphics Developer

Communications & Government Relations

St. Joseph’s Care Group

Erin Paul

Communications & Engagement Coordinator

Communications & Government Relations

St. Joseph’s Care Group

Aryn Ertl Research Intern

Centre for Applied Health Research

St. Joseph’s Care Group

Michel Bédard Scientific Director

Centre for Applied Health Research

St. Joseph’s Care Group

Hillary Maxwell Research Statistician

Centre for Applied Health Research

St. Joseph’s Care Group

Gertrude Voetagbe Research Intern

Centre for Applied Health Research

St. Joseph’s Care Group

Sena Honke

Communications Specialist

Communications & Government Relations

St. Joseph’s Care Group

Carrie Gibbons Manager, Volunteers, Library & Research Services Volunteers, Library & Research Services

St. Joseph’s Care Group

Shayna Cummings Research Coordinator

Centre for Applied Health Research

St. Joseph’s Care Group

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