Degree Project 2024: Resilient Care

Partnered with Victoria Bourghol

Spring 2024

Shira Saar

ABSTRACT: POST-INDUSTRIAL WASTELAND REMEDIATED: SUSTAINABLE CARE

PROJECT PROPOSAL: TWO CONTEMPORARY CRISES

SITE + CONTEXT: THE MEADOWLANDS OF SECAUCUS, NJ

ABSTRACT

collage background: Doc Searls - Aerial Shot of Hackensack Meadowlands - April 2006

Luiz Amorim - New Jersey Meadowland Landfill - 2014

POST-INDUSTRIAL WASTELAND REMEDIATED: SUSTAINABLE CARE

In this period of abortion banning and Roe v Wade being overturned in multiple states, it is a trying time for both youth seeking pregnancy education and prenatal parents alike. Originally founded as a space for education and basic services for new families, Planned Parenthood clinics have since become stigmatized places of trauma and fear. Paired with the quick discharge of postpartum women and their families from the hospital after giving birth, there is also a notable lack of care considered for the potential further needs presented by postpartum side effects. In many cultures, there is a 40-day period where the families and friends of postpartum mothers actively care for and nurture both the newborn child and their new parents, but this culture doesn’t really exist here in the US. Our project takes a critical look at these areas where mothers and their families could benefit from a new type of sensitive care.

The town of Secaucus is uniquely situated within a 20,000-acre wetland biome, known as the Meadowlands. A degrading urban hinterland, the Meadowlands have been mistreated, polluted, and marred by industrial development, making it historically challenging to develop within, and undesirable to live near. Its rivers have been avoided and stigmatized, and what could be seen as beautiful has instead become seen as toxic and ugly. In studying ecological and social factors around the town of Secaucus, NJ, we have found limited access to spaces that promote better health, positive environmental connections, and social interaction.

Additionally, amid a renewed effort to reclaim and develop the area, many large-scale projects have popped up to utilize the Hackensack River bank, making an already undesirable area industrial and intimidating to residential use. However, what remains to be desired is a space that doesn’t suppress the Meadowlands and exploit the surrounding communities as a commodity, but promotes social engagement and addresses the universal need for varying levels of care for the local communities. One that confronts the lack of proactive spaces for people of all ages, abilities, and needs while interfacing the community of Secaucus with the water’s edge would advance efforts to destigmatize the mistreated and beautiful Meadowlands through safe engagement with the Hackensack River.

NEW JERSEY

NEW YORK

PROJECT PORPOSAL

TWO CONTEMPORARY CRISES

Our project aims to address two contemporary crises: an uncared-for community and the wider community that resides in the urban hinterland, and an ecology that has suffered as a result of urban development. We identified the lack of a connection to the Meadowlands as the ideal catalyst for introducing a new space that not only caters to the programmatic needs of the community but equally considers the ecological needs of the site.

Resilient Care, a support clinic to the adjacent Hudson Regional Hospital, proposes a facility for visitors to receive supplemental and preventative care beyond the clinical services of normative healthcare facilities. It provides daytime visitors the opportunity to receive specialized physical and mental care, education surrounding wellbeing issues, and social engagement.

This additional care is offered to prenatal families by offering education spaces for visiting lecturers and educators. Recovering postpartum parents are offered temporary overnight apartments in which they can stay and be cared for by support staff and doulas who are also provided residency quarters and accommodations. Additionally, patients in need of prehab and rehab treatment and therapy can visit their therapists’ offices in the fitness and pool areas. All visitors to the support clinic, including locals and hospital staff, will also have access to the eatery and waterfront activities.

In conjunction with a strong focus on community well-being, our project addresses the ecological degradation of the wetlands by creating opportunities for habitat growth and establishing a resilient edge in response to erosion and flooding concerns. This is done through the creation of an architecturally designed rip rap built into the structural foundation of the building. It is integrated into the project as an occupiable space for both humans and native species as a sidewalk/ boardwalk for visitors to gather and circulate through and a habitat for flora and fauna to cultivate.

The town has turned its back on the water, and in response, we

collage background: Robert Smithson Monuments of Passaic december 1967

bench in the reeds along back lot of Hudson Regional Hospital

propose an intermediary space that functions as both a permeable architectural buffer and a link between the community of Secaucus and the Meadowlands. We propose that this works in tandem with the adjacent Hudson Regional Hospital, both visually and programmatically connecting them and stretching these connections out into the water itself.

Aerial view of the Meadowlands, Midtown Manhattan, and the Empire State Building in the background 1965

Existing inaccessible bench along Meadowlands Parkway and sidewalk

Existing

THE

MEADOWLANDS

OF SECAUCUS, NJ

SITE + CONTEXT

The town of Secaucus, New Jersey is one of thirteen townships which the wetland biome of the Meadowlands spans. The Meadowlands’ marshy conditions and soft soils posed an elusive frontier to developers in the early 19th century, so it began to be seen as useless land, wasted, and only conducive as a dumping ground for developments in neighboring areas. Eventually also serving as a dumping ground for the rapidly growing New York City’s landfill. The uncharted and isolated areas of the Meadowlands came to be classified as a hinterland.

In the late 1970s, after nearly two centuries of neglect and misuse, conservation efforts sought to begin major revitalization projects in the Meadowlands. This has become the center of discussion for environmental activism and legislature for decades, yet the scope of these projects has been limited to small conservations and parks isolated from the community. The Hackensack River has also been a major concern in the wake of climate change and rising sea levels. Surrounded by water along the entire western coast, Secaucus experiences major flooding annually that has only been increasing in urgency due to natural disasters.

The town’s response to these concerns has been largely “curative”, taking the form of damage control following a disaster, as opposed to “preventative” through sustainable treatments for inevitable future catastrophe. This treatment is not uncommon within the region or similar conditions elsewhere, therefore, our project proposes a solution through architectural intervention and the creation of a remedial framework for a resilient riparian edge.

Jasper Francis Cropsey - Hackensack Meadows - 1890

Michael R. Stimola - New Jersey Meadowlands 4 - Jersey City, NJ, 2009

METHODOLOGY

ARCHITECTURE OF HUMAN + ECOLOGICAL WELLBEING

Drawing from the recognizable clinical form of the sterile glove as an artifact in our formal studies, the qualities of elasticity and resiliency of the material are what stood out to us. Through the abstraction of their forms, we generated new geometries that maintained the malleability of the glove while searching for a way to extract a repeatable and adaptable system. With the geometry and application of the tetrapod riprap unit in mind, we created a framework that can adapt to a variety of different uses throughout our building. In addition to functioning as the primary structure, our system also becomes facade, boardwalk, habitat, and occupiable interior space through the malleability of thickness and placement.

By first establishing a regular grid, we were able to apply a repeating and flexible system that could adapt to the programmatic adjacencies within the building. Beneath the building and along the river’s edge, the scale of the system could be dense, creating a framework for flora and fauna to take over and thrive while also building up a barrier to guard against both flooding and erosion. However, within the building, the elements of the system can be spaced apart to create rooms and transitions. The architectural experiences created in these spaces can be controlled by thickening and thinning, pulling and offsetting elements, and softening the enclosure at the human scale of the project.

With the Hudson Regional Hospital to the south and a parking deck to the north of our site, our building serves as a stark contrast to these existing orthogonal concrete structures. Parallel to our disagreement with the ubiquitously applied methods of curative care, the organic formal quality of our building juxtaposes the inhospitable typology of clinical architecture. With a strong focus on the inclusion of open public spaces, large spans of glazing for maximum sunlight, tall ceilings, and soft structural edges, our project begins to embrace biological qualities. The organic forms begin to mimic a mother’s womb, a place of comfort and nurturing. This experience is fitting for a clinic meant to make its visitors feel cared for and at ease in a place that might otherwise cause anxiety.

Early riprap models and ideation

Early exploratory models, rockite and river stones as site artifacts

Early exploratory models using gloves to abstract the hand geometry

How can we create a system from these forms?

Analyzing the Hand, transforming its geometry through subtraction

Site plan with roof plan

2D to 3D

Analytical Pattern Matrices 2/6

by Dimitrus Ladopoulos

GridStudy(Dubin’sPath),project by Yuin Chien

“EmbryologicalHouse” , Greg Lynn

AppliedResearchThroughFabrication-CastThicket , by Ken Tracy and Christine Yogiaman

Experimental Geometry Aggregations

Tangent,project

WORLDLY

ANTHROPOCENTRIC DEVELOPMENT

A common trait shared by many cultures has been the shift from maximizing found resources essential for survival, to selfishly seeking to monopolize, maximize, and control those resources while keeping them away from competitors. The Industrial Revolution and the growth of global production and trade have decreased the value of well-made, long-lasting, and timeless artifacts and turned commodity items into common and frivolous spending, making overconsumption not just easy but normal.

As humans continue to isolate and prioritize their desires over the needs of those we share the planet with, we damage the ecosystem and pose terminal threats that affect all involved parties. If we continue to build and invade in the same way we have been, with hostility, hoarding resources, and disregarding the land, chances of future cohabitation and coexistence with our environment become slim. In turn, this has the potential to lead to not only our fellow species’ but also our own extinction through failed ecosystems and toxic environments. We are living within these crushed ecosystems, our backs turned and our awareness facing resolutely inward, and as a result of the development of our cities, hinterlands have been claimed and ecosystems desecrated.

Steven Siegel - NY and the Meadowlands - 1980

A closer look at the vernacular urban context clearly expresses this imbalance. Structures are designed with weather-resistant materials that do not support the growth of flora or fauna. All surfaces are designed to cater to the easy maneuverability of people and their vehicles, and in the process, choke life that normally lives on the ground and in textured forest floors. While these design choices have removed “wildlife” from “human” areas” due to their materiality and form, we do not really know yet the extent of the ripple effects caused by such changes in our ecosystem. More specifically, the edge at which our built environments meet the surrounding biome’s natural growth and ecological conditions. The materials in which our communities are built plague the planet, as what is made cannot be unmade unless it is wholly composed of natural materials. With heightened focus and care on the origin and lifespan of used materials, as well as the way form interfaces with the ecology of the site, architecture can begin to move away from its historically human-centralized narrative.

Looking east to Lower Manhattan and the World Trade Center near the New Jersey Turnpike exit 14B from James Hamil Drive - March 1974.

ENVIRONMENTAL

ALTERED ECOLOGY: EVOLVING WETLANDS

The storied and unfortunate history of the Meadowlands’ wetland biome led it to become largely viewed and dismissed in disgust as a wasteland, unfit for development and human use for almost 200 years. The boggy and unpredictable conditions have led to its stigmatization and mistreatment, seemingly losing all potential value to humankind. Seen as uncharted lands, uninhabitable and unmanageable, we tried using the Meadowlands as a landfill hoping to infill it and create real estate opportunities, but this only made the area worse as residents began to complain of the smell and poor treatment of their homes.

Historically, human developments in wetland areas have been minimal, but, communities usually settle in the higher grounds of these areas, as can be seen in the FEMA Flood map on page 14 where the older parts of the town are still home to residential neighborhoods. This area can be unpredictable and unmanageable in storm conditions, especially at its edges where marshes form and flooding becomes inevitable, and these issues have made many parts of the Meadowlands undesirable to live in if building there is even possible. Despite this, the growth of communities has resulted in no choice other than to push this edge between community and wetland as thin as possible to allow room for the expansion of settlements. This has come at a devastating cost as how we address this edge between ecology and built environments have become finer over time.

The wetland biome is changeable and reactive, and the proximity of communities to its edge creates a unique problem. How can these communities be better protected from devastating floods, especially in the face of disasters not only happening more frequently but more intensely as well? And how can the steps we take to protect the people in these communities also strengthen and protect the native species and wildlife of the wetlands?

We have chosen to build communities near bodies of water prone to flooding and so we must find ways in which to sustainably rotect these communities from the inevitable changes in the biome while also ensuring the health of the biome itself.

Original - Eastern corner of site as wetland meets street and sidewalk condition

tide

flooding

Jame Rowan - Mill Creek Marsh - May 2023

We can do this through natural means by examining the ecotone along the Hackensack River’s bank where the water’s edge meets the vegetation on higher grounds. An ecotone is a naturally occurring transition area between biological communities, and by reinforcing this riparian zone, the area can be made more resilient against flooding and erosion while both stabilizing and conserving the soil.

SOCIAL

CURATIVE REMEDIES: MEDICATING CONSEQUENCES

Our society’s culture of curative treatment relies heavily on prescribed remedies and medications. This perspective addresses issues as they arise and is heavily influenced by the profitability of this system for Big Pharma. In turn, this gave rise to a philosophy of putting off unpleasant things like check-ups and healthy lifestyles until issues develop as a result of neglect.

Eventually, issues, by the mechanisms of entropy, require either to be relinquished to the chaos of natural order or return to the strict controlling hand. However, sometimes it is too late to fully return a system to order. Failure to prioritize proactive maintenance of one’s own wellness can result in long-term consequences. The healthcare industry operates no different, treating an illness is very often reactive and prescriptive instead of proactive and preventative. Conversely, sustainable methods of treatment that focus on education and prevention can find solutions before problems arise.

Resilient Care proposes a way for a ubiquitously found methods of caring for postpartum mothers in many cultures around the world to reach the culturally-isolated American mother. For many cultures, there is an honored 40-day period postpartum in which friends and relatives keep a close eye on both mother and baby while taking care of basic needs like housework and providing them with proper nutrition for their respective recoveries. The cultures that honor this tradition trust it to keep both mother and baby safe and healthy in this delicate period and prevent later illness or weakness as a result of their temporary vulnerability. This tradition has not only physical benefits but emotional ones as well and the family develops a much closer sense of community and understanding. The residency apartments for new mothers and their partners are a place where they can get this same level of care from professional support staff while also interacting with other new families. Postpartum symptoms are many and can cause great suffering for those they affect. Providing a space where visitors can see and interact with others going through the same things, listen to their stories, and have access to educational guidance in a comfortable and safe setting is a preventative measure in itself.

Hudson Regional Hospital, 55 Meadowlands Parkway, Secaucus, New Jersey

Site from atop adjacent parking deck, looking southwest at the Hudson Regional Hospital

Parallel to the human need for preventative care is the ecological need, which has already been discussed in the form of a strengthened riparian zone. Most if not all action that is taken is curative in response to the issues we are facing. While these types of remedies may be necessary for the symptoms of our careless actions in the past, many things can be done now with the potential to prevent the onset of further complications. This methodology, when viewed through the analogy of medical treatment, should respond to changes in the environment proactively and sustainably as opposed to putting a “band-aid” on the problem and hoping that it heals itself over time.

Testing how the grid can shoft, change, stretch

Chunk model of the dock functioning for people and as habitat for wildlife

ARCHITECTURAL

DESIGNING FOR CHANGE

We understand architecture and the built environment to be static, permanent, and built to last. The idea of architectural agency in solving local issues though has emerged with new ideas and technologies. Functionally intelligent architecture that proposes solutions can allow for what was once perceived as static to become a driver of change.

Architecture unavoidably goes through changes as a result of natural and anthropological influences. However, with the introduction of new building strategies, forms, and materials, these changes can be strategically accounted for. These ideas can be adaptive materials or the assembly of a facade. To truly design for change may not look like green roofs, highly reflective paint, or reusing recycled materials, cosmetic things that work but do not effect the same scale of change as something that performs more dynamically. Designing for change requires architecture to adopt a dimension of responsiveness to its immediate envrionment, meaning it has the potential to be reactive to change. To redefine architecture as a tool for change, both at a human scale and the biome scale, we must consider how it has the potential to respond and adapt tectonically.

PROJECT

TREATING TRANSITIONAL ZONES

The communities and developments encompassed within the wetlands region, such as Secaucus, are both perpetrators and victims of mistreated edge conditions along the Hackensack River. Ecotones are zones of transition between natural conditions, and in the case of our site, we propose an architectural intervention within the ecotone itself to strengthen the natural barriers that protect both the wetlands and human environments from flooding and erosion of the river’s edge.

The wetland biome is unpredictable by nature, with fluctuating water levels that have devastating potential in tropic storm conditions. There are responsible architectural moves that can be made to serve as a buffer, behaving the same way the ecotone does, and treating these transitions as an opportunity for form expression. Beneath and around Resilient Care, built into and out of the regular structural grid that also becomes the flexible and organic formal language inside the building, is a riprap condition meant to welcome native species. By encouraging the growth and development of flora and fauna around this transitional edge from dry land to wetland, this proposed architectural solution to flooding and erosion-prone land attempts to both heal past injury and prevent future failure by making it more resilient.

PRACTICE

Manipulating the regular grid, adding, subtracting, stretching

BIOLOGICAL EMBRACE

The built environment we are accustomed to is made of inorganic shapes, conditioned spaces, and engineered materials. As we find comfort in these familiar architectural qualities, far from organic and natural as they are, perhaps these invoked feelings can be increased within more organic geometries in our architecture.

One of the essential functions of Resilient Care as a support clinic for people in need of more sensitive care is knowing they are being taken care of in a safe space where vulnerabilities are not something to be cured but worked on together. Rigid architecture that makes one feel disconnected from their surroundings, like a hospital’s white sterility, the fast pace of a functioning machine, and the clinical separation of zones and wards, is not welcoming or comfortable.

In contrast, architecture that mimics soft organic forms, flows between open and private spaces, and invokes feelings of embrace and gentleness, creates a much warmer sense of welcome and comfort for those visiting. The stretchiness of the structural system as it adapts to the different programmatic spaces within the clinic and becomes a method of ornament, furnishings, and even circulation, smoothly integrates into the flow of the building. The architecture of healthcare facilities is known for its unwelcoming and anxiety-inducing quality as a result of the sterile environment. The architecture of healthcare facilities is known for being unwelcoming and anxiety-inducing, and surely we all share a similar experience of cramped corridors and small hospital rooms with limited natural light. Doctors' offices, clinics, and hospitals can be uncomfortable as a result of this shared design language, not to mention the heavy subject matter addressed within these facilities. This experience has the potential to shift away from flat and orthogonal design in a rejection of the clinical in exchange for embracing the biological.

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Degree Project Booklet

Pratt Institute Spring 2024

Partner:

Shira Saar

‘Victoria Bourghol

Faculty:

Lapshan Fong

Karen Bausman

Peter Pak