Extraordinary Trinary Black Hole System Is the First of Its Kind Ever Found
Strong Link Between Red Meat Consumption and Cancer Discovered
Amateur Discovers The Largest Known Prime Number, And it’s Gigantic
Airbus and Toshiba Collaborate on Superconducting
Extraordinary Trinary Black
Hole System Is the First of Its Kind Ever Found
A Unique Discovery in Cygnus Constellation
In the constellation Cygnus, about 7,800 light-years from Earth, lies a true cosmic oddity: the V404 Cygni system, home to a black hole known for its intriguing and unpredictable behavior. Recently, this system revealed yet another surprise to scientists—a hidden binary companion, a star in a wide orbit that takes approximately 70,000 years to complete.
Since V404 Cygni already has a nearby companion star that completes its orbit every 6.5 days, the discovery of this third object turns the system into a “trinary” configuration. This is the first time we’ve seen such a setup, and it could help clarify how black holes form, as current theories suggest that a supernova explosion—the process by which stellar-mass black
holes are thought to originate—would normally destroy the fragile gravitational connection of such a distant orbit.
“We think most black holes form from violent explosions of stars, but this discovery makes us question that theory,” says Kevin Burdge, a physicist at MIT.
“This system is an incredible discovery for black hole evolution, and it also raises the possibility that there are other similar triple systems out there.”
Evidence for a Triple System
In fact, we’ve known about the second star in the V404 Cygni system for decades; until now, astronomers thought it was simply a nearby star with no direct link to the black hole. However, data from the Gaia mission, by the European Space Agency, which maps the position, direction, and speed of objects in the Milky Way, indicated something more complex.
V404 Cygni and the supposedly unrelated star are moving in the same direction and at the same speed, suggesting a gravitational connection between them.
“This is not a coincidence,” says Burdge. We observe two stars moving together because a weak gravitational force links them, forming a triple system.
Such evidence supports the theory that black holes form from supernova explosions, the giant eruptions of dying stars that release the outer material while the core collapses to form a black hole. However, some black holes may also form through a process called direct collapse, where the massive star implodes completely, without a violent explosion.
In this direct collapse model, there’s little evidence to observe because there are no residues characteristic of supernovae. This is precisely where V404 Cygni becomes particularly interesting—if a supernova explosion occurs asymmetrically, the unequal energy creates a “push” for the newly formed black hole.
The Challenge of Wide Orbit and Gravitational Connection
However, the large distance between the black hole and the newly discovered star—approximately 3,500 astronomical units—makes it difficult to reconcile this idea with their weak gravitational connection. A supernova would likely have easily broken this link.
The wide orbital separation also makes it challenging to explain this configuration through gravitational capture between two passing objects. After conducting thousands of simulations, Burdge and his team concluded that the most plausible expla-
nation is that the three objects were already gravitationally bound when the black hole formed and that the formation mechanism involved direct collapse.
Our simulations show that the most viable way for this triple system to exist is through direct collapse,” says Burdge.
This discovery provides the best evidence so far for the direct collapse model in black hole formation, strengthening this theory as a valid explanation for cases where a supernova does not explain a black hole’s origin.
There could be other triple systems, with black holes in wide orbits, that we have not yet detected due to the stealthy nature of these objects. Finding more systems like this could help us understand how black holes form and why, in some cases, they collapse directly instead of exploding in a supernova.
Either we got very lucky, or ternary systems are common,” says Caltech astronomer Kareem El-Badry.
“If they are common, this could answer long-standing questions about how black hole binaries form. Triples create evolutionary pathways that are not possible for pure binaries.”
It’s been suggested before that black
Image Credits: Pixabay
hole pairs may form mostly through the evolution of triples, but direct evidence was lacking until now.”
Strong Link Between Red Meat Consumption and Cancer Discovered
Mechanism Linking Red Meat to Colorectal Cancer Identified
Researchers have identified the mechanism that connects the excessive intake of red meat to colorectal cancer, along with a potential intervention strategy for this type of cancer.
Red meat serves as a vital source of protein and fat, along with essential vitamins and minerals such as iron, zinc, and vitamins A and B. However, like many things, excessive consumption can be harmful. Despite substantial evidence linking red meat to certain cancers, the specific mechanisms
involved have remained unclear.
A team from the National Cancer Center Singapore (NCCS), in collaboration with scientists from Singapore’s Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), has uncovered the mechanism that associates high red meat consumption with colorectal cancer.
Colorectal Cancer: Prevalence and Risk Factors
Colorectal cancer, which affects the large intestine or rectum, ranks as the third most prevalent cancer worldwide, representing about 10% of all cancer cases. It is also the second leading cause of cancer-related fatalities. In addition to factors like age and family history, lifestyle elements such as diet, physical inactivity, obesity, smoking, and excessive alcohol use can heighten the risk for this cancer type.
Using fresh samples from colorectal cancer patients, researchers found that the iron present in red meat activates the enzyme telomerase through an iron-sensing protein called Pirin, which fuels cancer progression. To fully understand this, it’s essential to consider the role of telomerase and telomeres in cancer growth.
Telomeres, which are protective caps on the ends of chromosomes made of DNA sequences and proteins, are
crucial for cell division. With each division, telomeres shorten until they become too short to allow further cell division, leading to tissue aging. However, telomerase can restore telomeres, enabling continued cell division.
The Consequences of Uncontrolled Cell Division
While this sounds beneficial, if a cell divides uncontrollably, surpassing the natural limitations of telomeres, it can lead to cancerous tumors. Cancer cells frequently have critically short telomeres, which cannot adequately protect chromosomes.
To avoid cell death, these cells produce telomerase, allowing them to continue dividing and effectively becoming immortal. Thus, the researchers concluded that iron in red meat reactivates telomerase in colorectal cancer cells, promoting cancer progression.
We demonstrate how iron (Fe3+) interacts with genetic factors to reactivate telomerase, providing a molecular mechanism for the link between iron overload and a higher incidence of colorectal cancers,” the researchers stated.
Promising Treatment Approaches Emerge
Beyond elucidating this mechanism, the researchers also discovered a promising new treatment method. A small molecule known as SP2509 was found to inhibit the reactivation of telomerase in cancer cells by targeting Pirin and blocking iron from binding to it.
In laboratory tests on cancer cell lines, SP2509 effectively prevented telomerase reactivation and reduced tumor growth, representing a potential new strategy for treating colorectal cancer.
Understanding the role of iron in telomerase activation opens up new pathways for addressing colorectal cancer,” said Professor Vinay Tergaonkar from A*STAR’s Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB) and the study’s senior author. “Our future research will focus on refining therapeutic strategies that target this mechanism, aiming to develop more effective treatments for patients, especially those with elevated iron levels. We are excited about the potential of small molecules like SP2509 to transform cancer care and enhance outcomes for patients worldwide.”
Amateur Discovers The Largest Known Prime Number, And it’s Gigantic
Breaking a Six-Year Drought in Prime Discoveries
A recent participant in the Great
The ‘how’ behind the link between red meat consumption and cancer has been identified. Depositphotos
Internet Mersenne Prime Search (GIMPS) has broken a six-year stretch without new discoveries in the quest for large prime numbers, among the usual composites.
This new prime number has an impressive 41,024,320 decimal digits—it would take months to write out in full. To simplify, it’s 1 less than 2 raised to the power of 136,279,841. Officially named M136279841, it’s the latest milestone in mathematics.
Luke Durant, a former NVIDIA employee, only began contributing to the search last October, but had more than beginner’s luck on his side. He used thousands of graphics processing unit servers spread across 24 datacenter regions in 17 countries to run the software that helped in the discovery.
Confirmed as a Prime Giant
On October 11 of this year, a server in Dublin identified M136279841 as a possible prime. The next day, another server in Texas confirmed its authenticity, sealing its legendary status.
Prime numbers are integers greater than 1 that are not products of two smaller numbers. Although they seem simple at first, like 2, 3, and 5, indivisible numbers become rarer as we count higher, raising the question of whether they eventually run out. To the relief of mathematicians, the an-
swer is no: primes are infinite, though hard to find.
Although technology has evolved, the search for massive prime numbers hasn’t changed much since the 17th-century French friar Marin Mersenne popularized a method for finding primes of a specific type that bears his name.
What Are Mersenne Primes?
“Mersenne primes” follow the formula 2ⁿ – 1. However, not all numbers in this form are prime—an example is 2 raised to the 4th power minus 1, which results in 15, a composite number (divisible by 3 and 5). Likewise, not all primes are of Mersenne type.
But this approach is particularly effective, and GIMPS, founded in 1996, adopted it to identify 18 of these giants so far, bringing the known total to 52.
The previous record, discovered in 2018 by Patrick Laroche from Ocala, Florida, had almost 25 million digits. He used his own equipment for the search, while Durant relied on a GPU network, marking a new era in the hunt for Mersenne primes.
The Appeal of Massive Primes
Why search for such large numbers? Beyond prestige, cash prizes, and the admiration of fellow enthusiasts,
there aren’t many practical reasons. George Woltman, co-founder of GIMPS, explained that it’s essentially entertainment for math fans.
Prime numbers are useful for certain types of encryption, though quantum computing may soon limit this application. Even so, primes are the “atoms” of all positive integers and possess a unique beauty.
Soon, a new Mersenne prime may appear within the expanding global network of technology. And it will be number 53 on the list. A prime number.
Airbus and Toshiba Collaborate on Superconducting Aircraft Motor
utilizes liquid hydrogen to power the propulsion system and cool adjacent systems.
Among the alternatives for reducing aircraft emissions, hydrogen stands out for its high energy density and ability to limit emissions to almost just water. However, hydrogen occupies more space compared to aviation fuel, making it viable only when stored as a cryogenic liquid at temperatures below -253 °C.
In hydrogen-powered aircraft, the idea is for hydrogen to feed into a fuel cell, generating electricity that either charges battery banks or directly drives an electric motor. However, there’s still a weight issue since electric motors powerful enough for conventional-sized aircraft tend to be very heavy, resulting in a poor powerto-weight ratio.
Innovative Cooling Solutions
Collaboration for Ultra-Efficient Motor Development Airbus and Toshiba have joined forces to develop an ultra-efficient superconducting motor for aircraft that
To address this challenge, both Airbus, through its Airbus UpNext subsidiary, and Toshiba, via its Toshiba Energy Systems & Solutions Corporation division, are exploring how to use the liquid hydrogen from the fuel cells to cool a cryogenic superconducting electric motor before feeding it to the fuel cell.
When certain materials are cooled to extremely low temperatures, like that of liquid hydrogen, they become
Concept of the Airbus/Toshiba superconducting aircraft motor
superconducting, meaning their electrical resistance drops nearly to zero, allowing them to maintain an electrical current indefinitely. This leads to much more powerful and efficient magnets used in devices like CT scanners, particle accelerators, power transmission networks, and, of course, electric motors.
Airbus claims that a superconducting motor can be over three times lighter than conventional systems and boasts a 97% efficiency rating in the powertrain. This results in significantly more power coming from a much smaller and lighter package—an essential factor for aircraft applications.
Key Agreement at Japan Aerospace 2024
The agreement between the companies, signed at Japan Aerospace 2024, will combine technology from Airbus’s Cryoprop demonstrator project and Toshiba’s half-century of development in 2-megawatt-class superconducting motors.
Partnering with Toshiba presents a unique opportunity to push beyond the limitations of today’s partial superconducting and conventional electrical motors,” said Grzegorz Ombach, Airbus Senior Vice President and Head of Disruptive R&T. “Through this collaboration, we aim to deliver breakthrough technology that could unlock new design possi-
bilities, particularly for Airbus’s future hydrogen-powered aircraft. This partnership represents a natural and essential step in advancing superconducting motor technology to meet the needs of the aerospace industry.
Study Finds That Your Sense of Smell Influences How You Breathe
In a 2011 survey, over half of 16- to 22-year-olds, when asked to choose only two items from a list, said they would rather give up their sense of smell than go without technology like their phone or laptop.
Compared to other senses, human smell often seems like an afterthought. However, researchers have discovered a surprising influence this overlooked sense has on our breathing.
A team from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel measured nasal
airflow in 31 people with normal smell and 21 people with anosmia (loss of smell). They found that those with a functioning sense of smell took significantly more sniffs, adding 240 additional inhalation peaks per hour.
Promising
New Insights into Anosmia Diagnosis and Its Link to Increased Mortality in Older Adults
This newly discovered behavior is more than 80% accurate in diagnosing anosmia and could shed light on why older adults with impaired smell are over three times more likely to die compared to those with a healthy olfactory system.
As seen in many who lost their sense of smell after COVID, this is no trivial symptom. Familiar scents disappear, and food loses its flavor, diminishing the pleasure of eating. More importantly, the inability to smell can prevent someone from detecting spoiled food, putting them at risk of food poisoning.
The Importance of Olfactory Detection
Since the sense of smell also alerts us to dangers like fire or gas, it’s easy to understand how regular sniffing could reduce the risk of premature death. Researchers also suggest that other, subtler physiological changes may play a role in the increased mortality risk for those who lose their
sense of smell.
It’s well known that the amount of air we inhale through our noses increases when an odor’s intensity or pleasantness decreases. When faced with a strong smell, we tend to take smaller breaths through our nostrils, even while asleep.
Since odors influence our breathing, researchers questioned whether a loss of smell might be reflected in general breathing patterns. To investigate, volunteers wore devices that precisely tracked nasal airflow as they went about daily activities like eating, talking, and sleeping, with every breath being recorded.
Although both groups took a similar number of breaths and inhaled similar volumes of air, those with a sense of smell showed an interesting double or even triple “spike” in airflow with each lung expansion.
The Importance of Olfactory Detection
It’s unclear what, if anything, this stuttered inhalation accomplishes or what harm its absence might cause in people with anosmia, who may account for over 15% of the population.
However, our brain’s functions are closely linked to respiration, influencing not only how we think and feel but also how we form memories and
Image Credits: Depositphotos
regulate moods.
The researchers note that “such altered respiratory patterns, especially nasal airflow patterns, may affect both physical and mental health.”
Future research with more precise airflow measurements, tests of odor detection abilities, and a broader range of participants could shed light on this difference in breathing patterns and its potential health implications.
For now, it’s worth considering that your sense of smell may play a bigger role in your well-being than you realize.
The Crop-Spraying Robot Reduces Emissions and Herbicide Use
was a key motivation behind the development of the electric, autonomous Prospr robot.
Created by the New Zealand agritech firm Robotics Plus, this all-wheeldrive robotic vehicle was introduced last September at the FIRA agricultural robotics show in California and is now being used commercially in New Zealand, Australia, and the U.S.
The robot includes several features, such as a refillable spray tank, multiple spray fans, a diesel generator, a battery pack, and four knobby tires, each powered by its own electric motor.
Efficient Power Management for Spraying Tasks
For shorter spraying tasks, Prospr can run solely on battery power. For longer jobs, the generator activates to produce electricity, enabling the robot to operate all day without needing to recharge or refuel. Consequently, Prospr is said to use up to 72% less fuel than a conventional diesel tractor performing the same work.
GPS Navigation and Obstacle Detection System
obstacles, slowing down or stopping when necessary.
Additionally, Prospr features a pressure-sensitive front bumper that halts the robot if it meets significant resistance. In case of emergencies, there’s also an emergency stop button on the vehicle.
At the end of each row, a patented steering mechanism enables the robot to pivot on its rear axle, minimizing its turning radius for a smoother transition to the next row.
Customizable Spray Application and Remote Monitoring
Users can interchange various numbers and types of spray fans as needed and program the robot to apply different amounts of herbicide or pesticide in specific areas of the orchard or vineyard, reducing chemical usage. They can also track the progress of multiple Prospr robots through a control panel on their laptop or tablet and even take manual control if required.
velopment, while the Slovenian-designed Slopehelper and the larger Herbicide GUSS are already commercially available.
World’s Largest Wind Turbine Record Reaches 26-MW
Dongfang’s previous largest rig, the 18 MW, 919 ft tall (280 meter) wind turbine installed. No completed images of the new 26 MW wind turbine exist yet, but we’ll be sure to update when they are released
China Leads with Record-Breaking Wind Turbine
Spraying orchards and vineyards is not environmentally friendly, as tractors emit exhaust while applying herbicides and pesticides. This issue
Using GPS, the robot navigates up and down rows of vines or trees, spraying crops on either side as it moves. It employs a combination of LiDAR sensors and cameras to detect
If you’d like to see the robot in action, it will be showcased again this week at the FIRA show in Sacramento, with its capabilities demonstrated in the accompanying video.
Prospr is not the only robot designed for tending vineyards or orchards. Several others are currently in de-
China, the undisputed leader in wind energy, has set a new milestone with the tallest and most powerful offshore wind turbine, surpassing landmarks like the Eiffel Tower, the Chrysler Building, and even the largest US aircraft carrier.
Dongfang Electric Corporation (DEC) is building these massive 26 MW, 340-meter-tall wind turbines at its factory in Fuzhou, Fujian Province.
Impressive Dimensions and Blade
The Prospr robot is additionally intended to address the shortage of farm workers Robotics Plus
Reach
The nacelle hub height reaches 185 meters, while the blade diameter is an impressive 310 meters. The swept area of the blades is 75,477 square meters, equivalent to lining up 12 Boeing 747s or covering 14 NFL football fields.
Despite its colossal size, DEC claims that its offshore turbines are resistant to typhoons and corrosion. They were designed with a “dual anti-typhoon system” to withstand extreme weather conditions, although specific technical details have not been disclosed.
Withstanding Super Typhoons
According to Dongfang, the turbine can endure a Category 17 super typhoon, with winds reaching up to 220 km/h, comparable to a Category 4 hurricane. Super typhoons of this magnitude are described by UNICEF as extremely destructive, capable of sinking large ships and causing severe damage and flooding. It’s quite impressive that these turbines can withstand such harsh conditions.
This technological giant can generate about 100 GWh of electricity annually, assuming wind speeds of 36 km/h, enough to power approximately 55,000 Chinese homes or around 9,200 American households.
Dongfang’s 26 MW turbine signifi-
cantly surpasses the previous record, held by Mingyang’s 20 MW offshore turbine.
China’s Leadership in Global Wind Energy Capacity
Currently, China has around 470 GW of installed wind power capacity, more than three times the 148 GW of the United States, which ranks second worldwide. Germany holds third place with 69 GW of wind energy.
Interesting fact: Fully utilizing China’s total wind power capacity could theoretically power about 388 million US households, despite the 2023 Census showing only 140 million housing units in the US.
Although this 26 MW turbine is impressive, even larger projects will likely surpass it soon.As discussed in 2021, when the 16 MW Mingyang turbine seemed extraordinary, the longer a turbine’s blades are, the greater the incentive to make them even longer, since the swept area increases exponentially with blade length.
Exponential Growth in Power Generation
To sum up, doubling a turbine’s blade length quadruples the swept area and, consequently, its energy generation capacity. Increasing that length again expands the swept area to up to nine times the original size.
These turbines are already among the largest machines in the world, but there’s every reason to believe they will grow even bigger. Fascinating stuff!
Men and Women May Require Different Breakfasts for Weight Loss
Personalizing Breakfast for Weight Loss
Your breakfast selections might benefit from personalization based on your metabolism, especially if you’re aiming to lose weight. A recent study indicates that men and women metabolize and store energy from food differently, which can influence weight loss outcomes.
Conducted by two biologists at the University of Waterloo in Canada, the research utilized models that considered various organs to highlight significant sex-based differences in metabolic reactions to food after a pe-
riod of fasting.
The Importance of Diet on Metabolism
Understanding how your diet impacts your metabolism is crucial whether you’re looking to lose weight, maintain it, or simply sustain your energy,” says computational biologist Stéphanie Abo.
For men, diets high in carbohydrates (such as oats and grains) are more beneficial, while women tend to do better with higher-fat meals (like omelets and avocados).
This suggests that these food types could be more effective in maintaining energy levels, minimizing fat accumulation, and regulating blood sugar – although breakfast is just one aspect of the broader dietary picture.
Gender Differences in Biological Research
We often have less research available on women’s biology compared to men’s, remarks mathematical biologist Anita Layton.
By creating mathematical models from the data we have, we can quickly test numerous hypotheses and adjust experiments in ways that are not feasible with human subjects.
The model developed by Abo and
Image Credits: Pixabay
Layton examined metabolic activities across various body parts, including the heart, liver, gastrointestinal tract, skeletal muscle, and fat tissue.
It also accounted for a wide range of metabolites (the byproducts of metabolism), such as glucose, glycogen, insulin, and free fatty acids (FFAs), tracking their levels during eating and fasting periods.
Gender Differences in Fat Utilization
A key finding of the study was how men and women differ in their fat breakdown for energy post-meal, which influences food choices that can either support or hinder those metabolic processes.
Although women generally have a higher body fat percentage than men, one might expect them to utilize less fat for energy, but that’s not the case, explains Layton.
The model’s results indicate that women store more fat immediately after eating, yet they also burn a greater amount of fat while fasting.
The researchers propose that a biological process known as the TG-FFA cycle may explain these variations in energy utilization and fat storage, suggesting further investigation in future studies.
Given our busy lives, it’s essential to recognize how even small choices, like what we eat for breakfast, can influence our health and energy levels.
Can I Catch Bird Flu From Eggs or Milk?” A California Expert Explains
With bird flu outbreaks affecting poultry farms and dairies across California, many are questioning the safety of their food.
Since highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) appeared in the U.S. in January 2022, it has been found in both wild birds and domestic poultry, as reported by the CDC.
Recent Outbreaks of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza
In September, HPAI was detected at a Merced County turkey farm, followed by an outbreak at a Tulare County chicken ranch a month later,
resulting in the culling of hundreds of thousands of birds, according to The Fresno Bee.
Additionally, avian flu has impacted over 130 dairies across California, infecting cows and 15 dairy workers.
The Bee consulted a Fresno-based infectious disease expert to understand the virus’s impact on food safety.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration states that highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), or bird flu (H5N1), is a highly contagious and often fatal disease primarily affecting poultry.
According to the agency, it’s caused by avian influenza A (H5) and A (H7) viruses and can spread from wild birds to domestic poultry and other animals. Though rare, it can also infect humans.
The FDA clarifies that “highly pathogenic” describes the virus’s severe effects on birds, not necessarily on humans.
Transmission Differences Between Avian Influenza and Seasonal Flu
Unlike seasonal flu, which spreads primarily through human-to-human contact, avian influenza viruses are transmitted by infected birds via saliva, mucus, and feces, according to the CDC.
The virus may also be found in re-
spiratory secretions, organs, blood, or fluids of other infected animals, including milk.
Humans can become infected if the virus enters the eyes, nose, or mouth, or if airborne droplets, aerosol particles, or dust are inhaled. Transmission can also occur by touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the face.
“Human illness from avian influenza infections has ranged from no symptoms or mild illness to severe disease, sometimes resulting in death,” the CDC reports.
“There is no evidence that the virus can be transmitted to humans through properly prepared food,” the U.S. Food and Drug Administration states.
According to Hebah Ghanem, an infectious disease specialist at UCSF Fresno, pasteurized milk and other dairy products are safe to consume.
“The key is pasteurization, as the virus is destroyed by heat,” Ghanem told The Bee.
The FDA notes that “milk pasteurization was introduced decades ago as a fundamental public health measure to eliminate harmful bacteria and reduce the risk of illness.”
All egg products must be pasteurized,
Image Credits: Pixabay
as mandated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
“This process involves quickly heating the eggs to a specific temperature for a set time to eliminate bacteria,” the agency explained.
However, eggs sold in their shells do not have to be pasteurized, posing potential health risks if consumed raw or undercooked.
Ghanem states that properly cooked chicken is safe to eat.
Low Risk of Foodborne Avian Influenza During Outbreaks
The FDA notes that during avian flu outbreaks, the risk of infected poultry or eggs entering the food chain is low due to rapid symptom onset in birds and safeguards like flock testing and federal inspections. Proper food preparation and storage further reduce HPAI infection risk for consumers.
“There have been no human-to-human transmission cases during the recent bird flu outbreak,” Ghanem said, noting that transmission occurs from animals to humans.
Individuals typically get infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza through contact with infected animals or their bodily fluids, which is why most cases involve those working with animals.
The CDC highlighted the importance of monitoring for human infections and potential transmission between people due to the risk of bird flu viruses mutating and spreading easily among humans.
California dairy workers infected with avian flu have only shown mild flu-like symptoms, according to The Bee.
“All cases in California have been very mild,” Ghanem said, noting that none required hospitalization.
The CDC states that symptoms of avian flu in humans may include:
• Fever or chills
• Red or irritated eyes
• Cough
• Sore throat
• Runny or stuffy nose
• Muscle or body aches
• Headaches
• Fatigue
If you are exposed to the avian flu virus, Ghanem recommends the following steps:
1. Monitor yourself for any symptoms.
2. Inform the CDC to arrange for testing.
3. Isolate yourself in case you have contracted the virus.
4. Begin treatment if you test pos-
itive for HPAI or develop symptoms.
According to the CDC, doctors can test for bird flu by taking a swab from the upper respiratory tract (nose or throat) of the individual. “Testing is more accurate when the swab is collected in the first few days of illness.”
Avian flu is treated with antiviral medications like Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or Zanamivir (Relenza), as stated by the CDC.
“Antiviral treatment is most effective when started as soon as symptoms appear,” the CDC noted.
To prevent the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza, Ghanem recommends avoiding contact with dead animals, including wild and domesticated birds and cows, as well as steering clear of animal feces and fluids.
Additional tips include:
• Wash your hands
• Avoid contaminated surfaces and materials from infected animals
• Do not drink raw milk
• Eat pasteurized cheese
• Monitor yourself for symptoms
She also suggests getting vaccinated against influenza
While the seasonal flu vaccine does not protect against H5N1 bird flu, the CDC advises that those frequently exposed to potentially infected birds or animals should get vaccinated— ideally two weeks before exposure. This can help reduce the severity of seasonal flu and lower the rare risk of co-infection with both human and avian viruses.
Bose QuietComfort Ultra Wireless Noise Cancelling Bluetooth Headphones, Black
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CLIMATE & ENVIRONMENT
COP16 draft omits fossil fuel transition pledge
At the nature COP, countries removed stronger fossil fuel language from a draft text intended to align climate and biodiversity goals, which campaigners called a “missed opportunity.” Colombia had proposed language stressing that biodiversity goals rely on reducing fossil fuel dependence, but this was excluded in final negotiations led by Sweden and China.
While COP16 focused on other issues, campaigners highlighted the importance of addressing fossil fuels’ impact on biodiversity, especially in ecosystems like the Amazon. Over 150 groups urged negotiators to protect nature-rich regions by stopping new fossil fuel projects.
Climate change is worsening water sector challenges
Why General Equilibrium Models Fail for Climate Change
Despite being a staple in macroeconomics, DSGE models, especially their environmental versions (E-DSGE), are structurally limited in assessing climate policies. Key issues include misrepresenting banks, downplaying demand impacts, and unrealistic assumptions on energy substitutability and fiscal policy. The paper calls for ecological stock-flow consistent (E-SFC) and agent-based (E-AB) models as better alternatives, as they offer realistic macro-financial feedback and adaptive capacity in climate analysis. Though still evolving, these models provide more relevant tools for addressing the economic implications of the climate crisis.
South Africa’s Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS) is advancing climate adaptation for sustainable water resources. With intensifying weather events threatening water and sanitation, DWS is incorporating adaptation into its strategies and policies, focusing on resilience and collaboration across sectors.
https://bit.ly/3Upkp3F
Climate change threatens European wine traditions
European wine regions face mounting challenges due to climate change, with southern Europe’s DOC and DOCG wines especially vulnerable as temperatures approach limits for traditional grape varieties. A study highlights Romania, Italy, and Spain as high-risk areas, with only some regions able to adapt through new technology or altitude adjustments. Five percent of regions, such as Italy’s Trebbiano d’Abruzzo, lack the resources to adapt.
https://bit.ly/3O5vVOd
https://bit.ly/3AqWAl2
https://bit.ly/3NGHpaC
Image Credits: Syed Zakir Hossain_ Greenpeace
Image Credits: Freepik
Image Credits: Freepik
Image Credits: Nature Communications (2024)
INTELLIGENCE
Philippines plans ‘Superbody’ to oversee AI concerns
Rep. Robert Ace Barbers has proposed creating a “superbody” to regulate AI, ensuring responsible development and safeguarding public interest. His initiative, House Bill 7396, would establish the Artificial Intelligence Development Authority to enhance skills, productivity, and economic competitiveness.
The proposed agency would also act as a watchdog to prevent AI misuse. It mandates transparency, fairness, and privacy protections to curb bias and discrimination, requiring organizations to be clear about AI-driven decisions.
https://bit.ly/3UxJ0Dv
Minerals Technologies applies AI in mining operations
AI technology now enables mining to operate continuously at peak efficiency, improving fuel savings, fleet availability, and site planning. Minerals Technologies Inc. (MTI) has expanded its partnership with AIM Intelligent Machines Inc. (AIM), which provides AI-driven solutions that retrofit mining equipment of any age or brand, while preserving manual control.
This collaboration supports MTI’s commitment to safety and productivity, using AI to advance autonomous operations in challenging environments. MTI’s CEO, Douglas T. Dietrich, emphasized that this innovation ensures a safer and more productive workforce, positioning MTI at the forefront of autonomous mining advancements.
https://bit.ly/40lR4uJ
Cybersecurity Impact of First U.S. AI Security Memorandum
The White House’s National Security Memorandum on AI, issued October 24, 2024, sets a strategic approach to secure and govern AI in national security, advancing international cooperation and addressing potential risks. Key measures include frameworks for AI governance, cybersecurity, and safeguarding critical infrastructure.
https://bit.ly/3YCaVok
The global race to develop AI, especially in military applications, raises serious security concerns. U.S. efforts to expedite AI use in national defense have intensified fears over AI’s unpredictable risks, potentially escalating an arms race. Effective AI governance must prioritize cooperation and transparency, with the UN guiding global policies. For meaningful AI security, nations must move beyond zero-sum approaches, focusing on shared security rather than unilateral advantages.
AI military use needs global cooperation to manage risks https://bit.ly/4foK5oV
Image Credits: Freepik
Image Credits: Juan Silva_Getty Images
Images Credit: Freepik
Image Credits: Tang Tengfei_Global Times
ENTERTAINMENT
Greenpeace Unveils Trailer for Climate Comedy ‘My Pet Footprint’
Greenpeace’s animated series “My Pet Footprint” combines humor with climate awareness, following 15-year-old Bella and her sentient carbon footprint, Betty, as they explore the effects of Big Oil’s impact on the environment. Through dystopian and comedic elements, the series seeks to make climate topics more approachable.
Produced by Wit & Wisdom and directed by Daniel Bird, the show aims to entertain while subtly educating, encouraging open discussions on climate change. Plans include festival showcases and potential streaming, with the goal to inspire positive climate action through humor and engaging storytelling.
‘Constellations’ is extraordinary
The “many worlds” theory suggests infinite universes are created by our choices, a premise explored in the play “Constellations,” running through Nov. 9. It follows Marianne and Roland through parallel realities, portrayed by four unique ensembles, including Deaf and female versions.
Set against a minimal backdrop, the story highlights their journey as Marianne, a string theorist, and Roland, a beekeeper, navigating different obstacles. Director John Manfredi ensures a compelling narrative, illustrating that no matter the universe, Marianne and Roland will always choose to love each other. For tickets, visit setxs.org.
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Robert Downey Jr. plans to sue any executives using his AI replica
Robert Downey Jr. has vowed to take legal action against any future Marvel executives who attempt to recreate his portrayal of Tony Stark using AI. Speaking on Kara Swisher’s podcast, Downey joked about suing posthumously, firmly opposing any AI-based replication of his likeness.
https://bit.ly/3NKWfwG
Samsung AR glasses may be cheaper than Meta Orion
Image Credits: KIPRIS _ Samsung Samsung’s XR headset future remains unclear, but a new patent suggests a design for smartphone-based AR glasses aimed at social experiences. The specs would connect multiple users to a single smartphone or tablet, creating a shared augmented space that leverages AR’s collaborative potential. The glasses are expected to rely on Android, with the processing done via smartphone and streamed to the glasses, making them similar to the Xreal Air 2. While this setup may limit users to Samsung or Android devices, it promises a more affordable, accessible AR option.
Saturday 15th March 2025, 10am - 5pm | Congress Centre, 28 Great Russell Street, London, WC1B 3LS
TERM
Join cosmology experts as they reveal the latest research about our universe
Book Tickets
Vampire Bat
Bats that feed on the blood of other animals, having specialized adaptations for this diet.
Solution to the previous brainteaser:
The man is at the North Pole, where moving south, west in a circle, and north returns him to his starting point.
Greenhouse Gas Concentrations Reach Record Levels as Scientists Raise Concerns
In 2023, greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere hit new record highs, ensuring future temperature rises for years ahead, the United Nations cautioned on Monday.
The levels of the three primary greenhouse gases—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, which contribute to climate warming—have all risen once more over the past year, according to the UN’s weather and climate agency.
The World Meteorological Organization reported that carbon dioxide is accumulating in the atmosphere at an unprecedented rate, increasing by more than 10 percent over the past two decades.
Bulletin was released in advance of the COP29 UN climate summit scheduled for November 11-22 in Baku.
“Another year. Another record. This should raise alarm bells for decision-makers,” said WMO chief Celeste Saulo in a statement.
“We are clearly straying from the goals set by the Paris Agreement.”
Commitments of the 2015 Paris Agreement
Under the 2015 Paris Agreement, nations committed to limiting global warming to “well below” two degrees Celsius above the average levels recorded between 1850 and 1900, and to strive for a limit of 1.5 degrees Celsius if feasible.
As long as emissions persist, greenhouse gases will continue to build up in the atmosphere, resulting in higher global temperatures, according to the WMO.
Last year, global temperatures on land and sea reached “the highest levels recorded since 1850,” the organization stated.
Given the long lifespan of CO2 in the atmosphere, current temperature levels are expected to persist for decades, even if emissions rapidly decrease to net zero.
In 2023, CO2 concentrations reached 420 parts per million (ppm), while methane levels stood at 1,934 parts per billion and nitrous oxide at 336 parts per billion.
These figures represent increases of 151 percent, 265 percent, and 125 percent compared to pre-industrial levels from before 1750.
“These numbers are more than mere statistics. Every part per million and every fraction of a degree rise in temperature has a tangible effect on our lives and our planet,” Saulo stated.
CO2 contributes approximately 64 percent of the warming effect on the climate.
Rising CO2 Levels and Their Implications
The annual increase of 2.3 ppm marks the 12th consecutive year with a rise exceeding two ppm, a trend attributed to “historically high fossil fuel CO2 emissions in the 2010s and 2020s,” according to the report.
Last year’s level is 11.4 percent higher than the 337.1 ppm recorded in 2004.
“CO2 is accumulating in the atmosphere at a rate not seen at any time in human history,” the report stated, noting that the current atmospheric CO2 concentration is 51 percent above pre-industrial levels.
The last time Earth had a similar concentration of CO2 was three to five million years ago, a period when temperatures were 2-3 degrees Celsius warmer, and sea levels were 10-20 meters higher than today.
Nearly half of CO2 emissions remain in the atmosphere, while the remainder is absorbed by oceans and land ecosystems.
However, WMO deputy chief Ko Barrett cautioned that we are now “facing a potential vicious cycle.”
Climate change could soon lead ecosystems to become significant sources of greenhouse gases, she explained.
“Wildfires could emit more carbon into the atmosphere, while warmer oceans might absorb less CO2. As a result, more CO2 could remain in the atmosphere, exacerbating global warming.”
High School Students Publish Impossible Proofs of Pythagoras Theorem
Image Credits: Pixabay
The WMO’s annual Greenhouse Gas
Image Credits: Getty Images, Desifoto
What started as a bonus question in a high school math competition has led to an astonishing 10 new proofs of the ancient Pythagorean theorem.
It has long been considered impossible to use trigonometry to demonstrate a theorem that is foundational to trigonometric principles, as this creates a logical fallacy of circular reasoning by attempting to prove a concept using the concept itself.
“There are no trigonometric proofs because all the fundamental formulas of trigonometry are based on the validity of the Pythagorean theorem,” mathematician Elisha Loomis stated in 1927.
What began as a bonus question in a high school math contest has resulted in an impressive 10 new proofs of the ancient Pythagorean theorem.
The Circular Reasoning Dilemma in Trigonometric Proofs
However, For a long time, it has been deemed impossible to use trigonometry to prove a theorem that underpins trigonometric concepts, as this leads to a logical fallacy of circular reasoning by trying to validate a concept using itself.
“There are no trigonometric proofs because all the fundamental formulas of trigonometry rely on the truth of the Pythagorean theorem,” mathematician Elisha Loomis wrote in 1927.
Pythagoras’ Theorem
Pythagoras’ theorem explains the relationship between the three sides of a right-angled triangle. This theorem is highly valuable in engineering and construction and was utilized by people centuries before it was formally associated with Pythagoras. Some argue that it may have even been applied in the construction of Stonehenge.
The theorem is a fundamental principle in trigonometry, which primarily focuses on calculating the relationships between the sides and angles of triangles. You probably remember being taught the equation (a2 + b2 = c2) during your school years. “Students might not be aware that two conflicting versions of trigonometry share the same terminology,” Jackson and Johnson explain.
“In such a situation, understanding trigonometry can feel like attempting to decipher a picture where two distinct images are superimposed.”
However, by clarifying these two related yet distinct variations, Jackson and Johnson devised new solutions using the Law of Sines, effectively avoiding direct circular reasoning. However, Jackson and Johnson detail this method in their new paper, acknowledging that the distinction between trigonometric and non-trigonometric approaches is somewhat subjective.
New Trigonometric Proofs
They also highlight that, according to their definition, two other mathematicians, J. Zimba and N. Luzia, have also proven the theorem using trigonometry, challenging previous claims that this was impossible.
In fact, In one of their proofs, the two students pushed the definition of calculations involving triangles to the limit by filling a larger triangle with sequences of smaller triangles and employing calculus to determine the measurements of the original triangle’s sides. “It looks like nothing I’ve ever encountered,” said Álvaro Lozano-Robledo, a mathematician at the University of Connecticut, in an interview with Nikk Ogasa at Science News.
In total, Jackson and Johnson present one proof for right triangles with two equal sides and four additional proofs for right triangles with unequal sides, leaving at least five more for “the curious reader to explore.”
“Having a paper published at such a young age is truly astonishing,” remarks Johnson, who is currently pursuing environmental engineering. Jackson is studying pharmacy.
To conclude, “Their findings highlight the potential of new perspectives
from students in the field,” says Della Dumbaugh, editor-in-chief of the journal where their work is published.
Miracle Powder Removes CO2 from the Air More Effectively than Any Other Solution
COF-999, shown here in its form of a yellow powder, adsorbs a huge quantity of CO2 at room temperature, and can be reused at least 100 times. Zihui Zhou / UC Berkeley
Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a powdery material that adsorbs carbon dioxide with remarkable efficiency. Just 200 grams (about 0.5 pounds) can capture 44 pounds (20 kilograms) of CO2, equivalent to what a tree absorbs in a year.
It’s known as COF-999, short for Covalent Organic Frameworks. This term describes a category of porous crystalline materials characterized by their large pores, high surface area, and low density. These features make them ideal for direct air capture (DAC), a method for removing
existing CO2 from the atmosphere. With the current concerning levels of CO2 in the air, innovations like this are essential for addressing the issue.
Developed by Pioneering Chemist Omar Yaghi and His UC Berkeley Team
The material was created by a team headed by Omar Yaghi, a chemistry professor at UC Berkeley and the pioneer of COFs. He has been working on similar materials since the 1990s.
COF-999 features pores adorned with amine compounds that can effectively capture CO2 molecules. Its porous design provides a significant surface area for carbon capture, and its covalent bonds are exceptionally strong. As air flows through the powder, the basic amine polymers in COF-999 bind with the acidic CO2, effectively trapping it.
A Room-Temperature, Durable Alternative to Traditional DAC Methods
Although previous DAC methods have relied on amine solutions in water, COF-999 offers several advantages for this purpose. For one, it operates effectively at room temperature, eliminating the need for heating. Additionally, it can be reused over 100 times without degradation or loss of efficiency, and it can selectively adsorb a significant amount of CO2.
Additionally, study leader Zihui Zhou
informed the LA Times that COF-999 captures carbon dioxide “at least 10 times faster” than other direct air capture materials.
After the CO2 is captured by the powder, it can be heated to 140 ºF (60 ºC) to release it. The released CO2 can either be permanently stored in underground geological formations to prevent atmospheric pollution or utilized in manufacturing materials like concrete and plastic.
High Costs and Energy Demands Challenge Direct Air Capture (DAC) Expansion
Direct air capture (DAC) plants are already operating or being developed worldwide, but they come with high costs and require substantial energy. The World Economic Forum reports that current costs range from $600 to $1,000 to remove a ton of CO2 from the air; this price must drop below $200 for widespread adoption.
COF-999, however, still requires additional testing and refinement before large-scale use. According to Yaghi, this process may take around two years, during which the material could be optimized to capture more CO2 and endure more capture cycles before breaking down.
Yaghi is still uncertain about the production costs of COF-999, so its impact on reducing DAC expenses is
yet unclear. However, he did mention that it doesn’t rely on costly materials, which is a promising factor.
Currently, the International Energy Agency reports that global CO2 capture rates stand at only 0.01 megatons per year—a small fraction of the 85 megatons needed annually by 2030. Looking further ahead, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projects that up to 10 billion tons of CO2 must be removed each year by 2050 to reach net-zero emissions.
There’s still significant progress needed, but promising breakthroughs like Yaghi’s innovative yellow powder offer hope. A paper detailing this study was recently published in Nature.
BYD HAN
A
world-class design that combines efficiency with the highest level of luxury
*Note: Actual range and energy consumption depend on the driver, driving style, speed, environmental conditions, outside temperature, route profile and other factors. This means that the actual values may differ slightly from the test values. In addition, the use of additional systems such as air conditioning or seat heating can also affect the actual values.
Mountain Dew Kickstart, Orange Citrus, 92mg Caffeine, Vitamins B & C, 80 Calories, 5% Juice, 16 Fl Oz (Pack of 12)
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CARS & GADGETS
2024 ROG Ally X Gaming Console
The ROG Ally X supports various gaming platforms, including Steam and Game Pass, powered by Windows OS. It comes with a 90-day Game Pass and features an 80Wh battery for extended gameplay, with fast charging capabilities.
Equipped with an AMD Ryzen Z1 Extreme processor, 24GB of RAM, and a 1TB SSD, it delivers impressive performance. The device includes ROG Intelligent Cooling for efficient thermal management and a 7-inch 1080p touchscreen with advanced audio features for immersive gaming. Its ergonomic design ensures comfortable play, whether handheld or connected to a TV.
Music Frame, a Smart Speaker
The Music Frame is a customizable speaker that plays music while framing your favorite printed photos. It wirelessly connects to smart devices for streaming and features a high-quality 3-way speaker for clear sound throughout the room.
With smart integration for services like Built-in Alexa, Chromecast, and AirPlay 2, it enhances your audio experience. The Music Frame also supports Q-Symphony, allowing you to sync with TV speakers for a robust sound experience. Personalize it by framing an 8”x10” or 8”x8” photo and using a customizable bezel for added style.
2025 Hyundai Ioniq 9 teased before November launch
Hyundai confirmed the Ioniq 9 electric three-row SUV will debut in November, likely at the 2024 Los Angeles auto show. While set to launch as a 2025 model in the U.S., specific sales dates and pricing are still pending. The Ioniq 9 will likely share its E-GMP platform with the Kia EV9 and may feature similar powertrains, including battery options and drive configurations.
https://bit.ly/4e9I8ff
Bertone’s Runabout reimagines an old concept with 500 hp
Bertone, relaunched in 2022, is generating excitement with the upcoming Bertone Runabout, a modern reinterpretation of the 1969 Autobianchi A112 Runabout Concept. The new model features updates like functional doors and an optional targa-top, with a powerful 500-hp V6 engine. This limited-production Runabout aims to celebrate Italy’s sports car heritage.
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Image Credits: shop.asus.com
Image Credits: Bertone
Image Credits: Samsung
Image Credit: Kia
MATHEMATICS
Using math to study how people shape each other’s opinions
Researchers investigate opinion changes using mathematical models, like the voter model, which explores how individuals influence one another. For instance, in a school color preference scenario, students convince each other through discussions, eventually reaching a consensus.
Incorporating social networks allows researchers to study how friendships impact opinion dynamics. These models can also shed light on critical societal issues, such as public opinion trends and the role of social media in shaping views, offering valuable insights for various fields, including psychology, sociology, and political science.
https://bit.ly/3NOlHBx
A mathematician solves two major puzzles at once
This Harvard professor made billions in stocks using math models
Jim Simons, a former mathematician and codebreaker, revolutionized investing through data-driven strategies at Renaissance Technologies. With 40% annual returns over 36 years via the Medallion fund, he relied on algorithms to uncover hidden market patterns, focusing on short-term price movements and avoiding long-term forecasts.
His commitment to secrecy and a unique quantitative trading approach allowed his team to maintain a competitive edge, demonstrating that mathematical models can lead to extraordinary success in the stock market, setting him apart from traditional investors like Warren Buffett and Peter Lynch.
Pham Tiep, a Rutgers University professor, recently solved two major mathematical problems with just paper and a pen, which could transform our understanding of symmetries in nature and random processes. His first breakthrough was on the zero-height conjecture proposed by Richard Brauer in 1955, while the second involved Deligne-Lusztig theory and matrix traces, both published in leading mathematics journals.
https://bit.ly/48xsMjC
Google’s DeepMind reveals AI that can solve Olympiad math problems
Google DeepMind launched AI systems that achieved silver-medal status in the International Mathematical Olympiad, marking a significant advancement in solving complex math problems. Combining AlphaProof and AlphaGeometry 2, the systems solved four out of six problems, with AlphaProof focusing on reasoning by integrating elements from Gemini and AlphaZero.
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Image Credits: Freepik
Image Credits: BILL CRAMER_COMMON HISTORY
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Image Credits: The Times of India
QUANTUM REALM
Can classical worlds emerge from quantum universes?
Quantum mechanics predicts phenomena from atomic spectra to neutron stars, yet explaining how solid realities emerge from quantum waves is challenging. Philipp Strasberg and his team at the Autonomous University of Barcelona used simulations to show that stable classical realities can arise from diverse quantum systems, supporting the many-worlds interpretation. Their approach, which connects stable objects to environment-induced decoherence without fine-tuning, successfully simulates quantum evolution across 50,000 energy levels. This leads to consistent large-scale structures, providing insights into the quantum-classical distinction and implications for the many-worlds interpretation and statistical mechanics.
https://bit.ly/3C4AKEp
Classic computer defeats rival quantum computer
Researchers at the Flatiron Institute’s CCQ have demonstrated that a classical computer can outperform a quantum computer in simulating a two-dimensional flipping magnet system. They discovered that the phenomenon of confinement limits entanglement growth, allowing classical computation to succeed in this scenario.
This finding clarifies the boundary between quantum and classical computing capabilities. Their work establishes a framework for testing quantum simulations and suggests that confinement might be relevant in other two-dimensional systems, enhancing the understanding of entanglement behavior in quantum processors.
https://bit.ly/3YpySxL
Quantum simulator may reveal materials for advanced electronics
MIT researchers developed a technique to create synthetic electromagnetic fields on 16-qubit superconducting quantum processors, emulating electron behavior under these fields. This advancement allows for the exploration of various material properties, vital for understanding conductivity and magnetization.
https://bit.ly/4frMAqQ
AI training method can greatly reduce quantum mechanics calculation time
KAIST researchers, led by Professor Yong-Hoon Kim, developed a 3D computer vision artificial neural network to significantly reduce the calculation time for quantum mechanical simulations. Their DeepSCF model eliminates the complex self-consistent field process, enabling faster predictions of atomic-level chemical bonding. Focusing on residual electron density for machine learning, the team utilized a dataset of organic molecules with diverse chemical bond characteristics.
https://bit.ly/3YwbFdn
Image Credits: APS_Carin Cain
Image Credits: Simons Foundation
2021 Mercedes-Maybach S580
When Mercedes launch a new Maybach you know it’s going to be big and luxurious, and the 2021 S580 doesn’t disappoint. Representing the pinnacle of Mercedes luxury, the Maybach S580 now sits at the top of the current S-Class family tree with pricing set to far exceed even the highest spec S-Class. Credits: Wsupercars
Scientists Identify Six Key Genes in Cancer
New research has identified six genes that affect cancer risk, providing insights for prevention and treatment. Using large genetic datasets, scientists at deCODE genetics and Amgen found genes linked to both increased and decreased cancer susceptibility.
Four novel genes were tied to cancer risk, while the study also revealed AURKB and PPP1R15A variants linked to reduced cancer risks. This breakthrough offers a deeper understanding of genetic factors in cancer, potentially enhancing screening and treatment.
https://bit.ly/4fse2EV
Kokuma: Next-gen biotech skin perfectors
At the Cosmetic 360 trade show, Kokuma launched two new active ingredients for skin tone modulation. TONASULIKE-D is a patented depigmenting agent that reduces melanin production by up to 86%, while TONASULIKE-P is a UV-free melanin booster that doubles natural melanin production for a long-lasting glow.
Both ingredients, presented as powders, are designed for easy storage and application. Kokuma aims to further expand its portfolio with innovative ingredients for anti-aging and skincare, utilizing AI-driven research to enhance its product offerings.
Exploring blood and genetic markers in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and remitted depression
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are linked to an increased dementia risk, potentially through mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic stress. This study examined mitochondrial markers in blood, like lactate and circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA), to explore differences among MCI, MDD, and combined MCI+rMDD patients.
https://go.nature.com/4f4hUfd
Kidney disease genetic risk high in West Africans
High-risk APOL1 genotypes for CKD are common in West Africa, possibly explaining high CKD rates among African Americans. A study led by Dr. Gbadegesin found that 40% of Ghanaians and Nigerians carried CKD-risk APOL1 variants, with CKD odds increasing with “dose” of these alleles. The study showed regional variations, with Southeast Nigeria having a 50% prevalence, much higher than the U.S. at 13%.
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Images Credits: SciTechDaily.com
Images Credits: Kokuma
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NJINGA-1 CubeSat
Nginga-1 is a CubeSat designed to demonstrate cutting-edge small satellite technology. Compact and efficient, it embodies the innovation of CubeSats, providing a low-cost platform for advanced missions. Nginga-1 is equipped to perform [specific mission, e.g., Earth observation, communication, or scientific research], leveraging miniaturized components to deliver impactful results in space.
By joining the CubeSat revolution, Nginga-1 showcases the potential of small satellites to contribute to space exploration and research, democratizing access to space for more players.”
WELLNESS
Exploring the Health
Be-
nefits
of Different Types of Salt for the Body
Salt is essential for health, playing crucial roles like maintaining fluid balance and supporting muscle and nerve functions. Different types, such as table salt, sea salt, and Himalayan pink salt, provide various benefits due to their mineral content and processing.
While salt aids in food preservation and enhances flavor, excessive intake can lead to health issues like hypertension. Thus, it’s important to consume salt in moderation and choose less processed varieties to maximize health benefits while minimizing risks.
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The Health Benefits of Bikram Yoga
Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Sleep, and Wellbeing in Caregivers of Adults with Disabilities
Bikram Yoga, practiced in a heated room, enhances flexibility, strength, and mental focus. The 105°F environment promotes deep stretching and detoxification through sweating, supporting muscle function and reducing injury risk.
This form of yoga aids cardiovascular health and weight management, with calorie-burning and low-impact benefits. Bikram Yoga can improve both physical endurance and mental resilience, making it a valuable fitness practice for many.
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Higher levels of physical activity enhance wellbeing and reduce depression and anxiety symptoms. Key factors related to wellbeing include sedentary time and sleep quality. Guidelines recommend adults engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity weekly and get sufficient sleep.
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The global growth of health and fitness partnerships in sports
Health and wellness have become central global priorities, particularly evident in the rising interest in sports sponsorships. Companies are increasingly investing in health-focused properties, including marathons and triathlons, recognizing their engaged and participatory audiences that foster loyalty and brand connection.
https://bit.ly/3YwsfcO
Images Credits: Freepik
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Image Credits: Freepik
NUTRITION
11 Alkaline Foods You Should Try
Alkaline diets emphasize low-acid foods to maintain a healthy acid-base balance and support overall health. Research suggests these diets can lower blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and reduce disease risk, highlighting the benefits of foods like fruits, vegetables, and legumes.
To achieve an alkaline environment, focus on foods such as blueberries, lentils, broccoli, and avocados, while limiting acidic foods like red meat and refined grains. This dietary approach can enhance health and alleviate stress on acid-base regulatory organs.
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30-Day Mediterranean Weight Loss Meal Plan by
The Mediterranean diet supports heart, brain, and gut health, and aids in weight loss more effectively than low-fat diets. Featuring vegetables, fruits, whole grains, healthy fats, and lean proteins, it’s adaptable to various cuisines.
At 1,500 calories per day, this meal plan promotes fullness with 81 grams of protein and 33 grams of fiber daily, offering balanced nutrition for weight loss. Complementing this with 150 minutes of moderate exercise weekly, like brisk walking or jogging, can further enhance results.
10 Must-Have Magnesium-Rich Foods
Magnesium is increasingly recognized as a natural remedy for sleep and stress relief. Nutritionists advocate obtaining magnesium from food sources rather than supplements, emphasizing its many benefits, including support for heart health and regulation of stress hormones. To meet daily magnesium needs, focus on foods like spinach, nuts, seeds, and whole grains. Foods such as pumpkin seeds, dark chocolate, and black beans are not only rich in magnesium but also enhance overall well-being and can easily be incorporated into meals and snacks.
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19 Protein-Packed Breakfasts for Healthy Aging
These breakfast recipes, ideal for healthy aging, provide essential nutrients with at least 20% of the Daily Value for fiber, calcium, or vitamin D and 15 grams of protein per serving. Options include Cauliflower Steaks with Poached Eggs & Pesto Hollandaise and Snickers-Inspired Overnight Oats, combining taste with nutritional benefits.
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Images Credits: Photographer_ Jen Causey, Food Stylist_ Jennifer Wendorf, Prop Stylist_ Priscilla Montiel
Can one weekly workout boost your strength?
Training even once a week yields substantial health benefits. A large study shows that minimal weekly training can gradually increase strength for years, with gains of up to 50% in chest press strength and 70% in leg-press strength over seven years. These improvements support long-term health and reduced mortality risks.
Personally, I’ve adopted a reduced but focused workout schedule. My strength has continued to climb, proving that minimal training can still drive impressive progress. If longevity and fitness aren’t motivating, perhaps this success story will be!
https://bit.ly/4hvOfxs
Execs Predict Strength Training, VR & Wellness as Gym Future
In-person fitness is thriving post-pandemic, with gyms adapting to shifts in consumer preferences and advancing tech. Industry leaders highlight the rise of strength training and wellness spaces, while brands like Midtown Athletic Club and Workout Anytime are adjusting gym setups and amenities to meet member needs.
https://bit.ly/40mXlGz
Weekend exercise offers the same brain benefits as regular workouts
Weekend exercise can offer similar cognitive and physical health benefits to regular workouts. Research on 10,000+ people showed that “weekend warriors” and consistent exercisers both reduced their dementia risk compared to inactive participants.
Further analysis showed a 25% lower dementia risk among weekend warriors. Experts suggest that total exercise volume matters more than frequency, so weekend warriors can benefit by ensuring longer sessions.
ORB Innovations’ ORB Sport™ Smart Mouthguard combines advanced tech and dental protection to help athletes monitor performance and prevent injuries. Used by professionals like NFL’s Bijan Robinson, this device tracks data on physiology, biomechanics, and impact trends. With real-time insights, the ORB Sport Smart Mouthguard supports smarter, safer training.
https://bit.ly/4hgFg2Q
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Come Visit Angola!
Calandula Falls
Calandula, Malange- ANGOLA
Image Credits: Michael Runkel/robertharding, Getty Images
WOMEN HEALTH
More women and young adults are being diagnosed with autism
Kaiser Permanente’s study indicates a significant rise in autism diagnoses among various age groups, especially young adults and women. The highest rates were found in 5- to 8-year-olds, with notable increases in diagnosis rates among different racial and ethnic groups. While improved screening likely contributed to the rising diagnoses, other factors must be examined. Most diagnosed individuals were under 18, and the male-to-female diagnosis ratio is narrowing, suggesting changes in awareness and identification of autism.
https://prn.to/4fpVZiC
“Link
Between Age at Menopause and Asthma Risk in Women: New Insights from Longitudinal Study”
A new study suggests that later natural menopause increases asthma risk in women, adding to existing research linking asthma and sex hormones. Published in *Menopause*, the study used a decade of follow-up data from over 14,000 postmenopausal women, showing those with menopause after age 44 face a higher asthma risk.
Asthma incidence often peaks around menopause and is more severe in adult women than men. This study’s findings highlight the need for clinicians to monitor asthma symptoms in women experiencing later menopause.
https://bit.ly/3Amal4w
“Understanding Abortion Access: Myths, Mental Health, and the Impact of Legal Restrictions”
In 2022, *Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization* reversed *Roe v. Wade*, shifting abortion rights to states and creating varied abortion laws nationwide. The APA affirms abortion access as crucial healthcare, refuting myths that it harms mental health. Studies show abortion does not lead to worse mental health, with women denied abortions experiencing more mental health issues.
https://k-p.li/3YvwNQU
“Walking Speed as an Early Sign of Dementia”
Dementia affects millions and can be challenging to detect early. A recent study in *JAMA Network Open* shows that slower walking speed may indicate dementia, particularly in those also experiencing cognitive decline. Researchers tracked 17,000 adults over seven years, finding those with slowed gait and mental processing were likeliest to develop dementia.
https://bit.ly/48C76CL
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Images Credits: Pixabay
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MEN HEALTH
“Boosting the Bulge: The Rise of ‘Big Filler Energy”
Male penis fillers are gaining popularity as an accessible alternative to surgery, aiming to enhance thickness using hyaluronic acid—a substance that naturally occurs in the body. Chris Bustamante, an aesthetic nurse practitioner, uses these fillers to help men achieve self-assurance without changing length. The quick procedure includes numbing, a targeted injection, and aftercare, resulting in increased girth for up to three years.
With rising interest in male enhancement, filler procedures address insecurities driven by media and cultural ideals. Despite a cost of around $10,000, many men value the confidence boost it provides.
https://bit.ly/3Ywt4lQ
The Impact of Movember on Men’s Health
Movember raises awareness for men’s health, focusing on prostate and testicular cancers, mental health, and suicide prevention. By encouraging mustache-growing as a conversation starter, it supports research, early detection, and mental health programs tailored to men.
Through global fundraising and advocacy, Movember promotes early detection and offers support networks that break mental health stigmas, aiming to reduce premature deaths.
https://bit.ly/4fgVA1L
“Social
Media’s Role in Rising Steroid Use Among Men and Boys”
Men and adolescent boys are increasingly at risk of using anabolic steroids due to social media’s promotion of idealized muscular physiques, says new research in *Psychology of Men & Masculinities*. Exposure to muscular male body images online links directly to negative body image and greater steroid use risk, explains Associate Professor Ivanka Prichard from Flinders University.
https://bit.ly/4f98WO6
“Improving
Access to Men’s Reproductive Health: Key Insights and Practical Tips”
Men’s reproductive health often receives less attention, yet addressing these needs can significantly impact quality of life and long-term health. Hims analyzed men’s health care access across states by looking at the number of urologists, uninsured rates, and the availability of public health clinics. The study used data from the American Urological Association, KFF, and state clinics directly operated by public health departments.
https://bit.ly/3AmXy1O
Images Credits: Kenji Toma_ Levi Brown
Images Credits: PLOS ONE (2024)
Images Credits: Tualek Photography _ Shutterstock
Images Credits: Getty Images
GERONTOLOGY & LIFE EXTENSION
Systems biology finds diet-linked lifespan markers across species
“Inside the Science of Longevity: Testing, AI, and the Future of Aging”
Northwestern Medicine’s Potocsnak Longevity Institute delves into human longevity, measuring biological age to predict lifespan and health span. Through tests like the GrimAge, the lab identifies aging markers with AI to decode disease risks and age-related decline. This lab, funded by John Potocsnak, is building a database to transform health outcomes across populations. Studying superagers and populations vulnerable to age acceleration, such as HIV patients, the institute aims to extend healthier years for more people. Researchers hope insights into biological age will lead to life-extending health interventions accessible to all.
Dietary restriction (DR) extends lifespan by affecting nutrient-sensing pathways, with individual genetic variations playing a significant role. Machine learning models, combined with Mendelian randomization, reveal metabolites like threonine and choline as potential lifespan biomarkers.
Using genetic and metabolomic data across species, this study offers insights into DR responses, supporting anti-aging strategies by identifying key metabolites and genetic markers like FOXO3 and APOE.
https://go.nature.com/3YVRjvz
Credits: nature.com_articles
https://bit.ly/48wKLX3
“Personality
Traits Shape Physical Activity and Sedentary Patterns Over a Lifetime”
Research from the University of Jyväskylä links personality traits with physical activity and sedentary behavior. Resilient individuals, high in conscientiousness and extraversion, showed longer activity spans, while those with a brittle profile, higher in neuroticism, frequently interrupted sedentary periods.
https://bit.ly/4e8A8v4
“Life Biosciences: Pioneering Cellular Rejuvenation for Healthier Aging”
Life Biosciences is advancing cellular rejuvenation technology with a novel approach using OSK (Oct4, SOX2, KLF4), aimed at combating age-related diseases like glaucoma and optic neuropathy. Chief Scientific Officer David Sinclair’s methods have shown early success in models, rejuvenating damaged retinal cells by reversing DNA methylation without inducing full pluripotency, thereby maintaining cellular identity and reducing risks.
Image Credits: lifespan.io
https://bit.ly/3YvAh5W
Images Credits: Ross Feighery
COMING UP NEXT
Find out how our minds and bodies are inextricably linked
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ALMANAC & ANIVERSARY
Here’s a collection of significant scientific historical events, anniversaries of notable scientists, and scientific discoveries from October 24th to October 30th:
October 24
Events:
1851: The Great Exhibition in London closed, showcasing industrial and scientific innovations from around the world. It marked the rise of global technology sharing, and the event is often seen as a turning point in the industrial revolution and scientific discovery.
Scientist Birthdays:
1904: Mossadegh Kermanshahi, an Iranian physician and biochemist who contributed significantly to medical biochemistry, with a focus on enzymes and hormonal balance.
Scientific Discoveries:
1998: Deep Space 1 was launched by NASA, testing advanced ion propulsion and other futuristic technologies. This spacecraft was pivotal in demonstrating the feasibility of new propulsion technologies for long-term space exploration.
October 25
Scientist Birthdays:
1825: Johann Strauss II, known as the “Waltz King,” Strauss was instrumental in shaping European music. His work intersects with acoustic science, influencing how we understand sound, harmonics, and the physics of musical instruments.
Scientific Discoveries:
1995: The Galileo spacecraft made a close flyby of Jupiter’s moon Io, providing stunning images and data about the intense volcanic activity on the moon’s surface. This mission revolutionized our understanding of planetary geology and volcanism beyond Earth.
October 26
Events:
1861: The Western Union Telegraph Company completed the first transcontinental telegraph line, which allowed near-instant communication across the United States. This was a major leap forward in technology, setting the stage for modern communications networks.
Scientist Birthdays:
1900: Wolfgang Pauli, an Austrian theoretical physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1945 for his dis-
covery of the Pauli Exclusion Principle, a key concept in quantum mechanics that explains the behavior of particles in atoms.
Scientific Discoveries:
1959: The Royal Society announced the structure of myoglobin, the first protein to have its 3D structure solved by X-ray crystallography. This discovery opened up a new era in molecular biology and biochemistry.
October 27
Events:
1904: The first section of the New York City Subway opened, marking a major milestone in urban transportation and engineering. The subway’s development required significant advancements in civil engineering, particularly in tunneling and public infrastructure systems.
Scientist Birthdays:
1728: James Cook, a British explorer and navigator whose voyages in the Pacific Ocean contributed significantly to geographical science, astronomy, and the study of oceanic navigation.
Scientific Discoveries:
1992: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or
Medicine was awarded to Edmond H. Fischer and Edwin G. Krebs for their discoveries concerning reversible protein phosphorylation, a major mechanism that controls many cellular processes, especially signal transduction.
October 28
Events:
1886: The Statue of Liberty was dedicated in New York Harbor. While primarily a cultural event, its construction was an impressive feat of engineering and materials science, with innovations in copper and ironwork that were ahead of their time.
Scientist Birthdays:
1914: Jonas Salk, the American virologist who developed the first successful polio vaccine. His discovery transformed global public health, almost completely eradicating polio and paving the way for modern vaccines.
Scientific Discoveries:
1971: The British chemist Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her work on the structure of important biochemical substances using X-ray crystallography. She is most famous for determining the structure of penicillin and vitamin B12.
October 29
Events:
1969: The first message was sent over ARPANET, the precursor to the modern Internet. This marks the birth of the internet, revolutionizing the way we communicate, share information, and conduct science in the digital age.
Scientist Birthdays:
1897: Joseph Goebbels, a German political figure whose influence on mass propaganda techniques has been studied extensively in psychology and media sciences to understand the power of mass communication and its effects on society.
Scientific Discoveries:
1991: The Galileo spacecraft made its closest approach to asteroid 951 Gaspra, providing the first-ever close-up images of an asteroid and improving our understanding of asteroid composition and dynamics in the solar system.
October 30
Events:
1938: Orson Welles’ radio broadcast of The War of the Worlds aired, famously causing panic as listeners believed an
alien invasion was real. This event provided important insights into mass communication, psychology, and public reactions to media, influencing future studies on the influence of media on human behavior.
Scientist Birthdays:
1735: John Adams, while best known as a U.S. president, Adams’ correspondence with scientists of his day and advocacy for science education helped shape the early role of science and technology in the United States.
Scientific Discoveries:
2018: NASA’s Parker Solar Probe became the closest-ever spacecraft to the Sun, collecting groundbreaking data about the Sun’s atmosphere (corona) and solar wind, providing insights into one of the most critical elements of our solar system’s dynamics.
BYD HAN
BYD Debuted the First Luxury Offroad SUV U8 and All-electric Super-
car U9 Under Its Premium Brand Yangwang
Shenzhen, China - BYD, the world’s leading manufacturer of new energy vehicles (NEVs), officially unveiled its high-end sub-brand Yangwang and its core technology known as the e4 Platform. The hardcore new energy off-road SUV Yangwang U8 and the all-electric supercar Yangwang U9, both priced around RMB 1 million, made their debuts. All future models of the Yangwang brand will come standard with the e4 Platform.
Robot Head
The robot head contains the optics and sensors of 5 camera systems and the optics for an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system.
Surgical Robot Visit now
“The
Impact of Indulgent Parenting on Child Deve-
lopment”
Terrie’s parenting style exemplifies indulgent parenting, where her daughter, Elizabeth, received everything she wanted, fostering a sense of entitlement. This lack of discipline led Elizabeth to believe she deserved to dictate playtime, resulting in emotional immaturity and tantrums when she didn’t get her way.
To correct this, parents like Terrie must establish appropriate limits while maintaining warmth. Teaching children to handle disappointment and work for their desires is crucial for developing self-confidence and maturity, ultimately supporting healthier relationships and emotional growth.
The Art of Horizontal Parenting: Creative Play for Tired Parents
Will’s innovative “horizontal parenting” method allows parents to engage with their kids without standing up. Activities like using a T-shirt with a road for back massages or transforming into a paper doll showcase creativity and participation.
This approach is especially beneficial for tired parents and those with disabilities, providing a unique way to bond. Parents are sharing their experiences, highlighting how they can achieve relaxation while keeping their kids entertained.
Understanding Self-Harm: A Journey from Pain to Healing
Megan, now 35, recalls her painful experience of self-harm stemming from her father’s abuse. Feeling ashamed and frustrated, she used cutting as a way to regain control over her emotions. Despite fears of suicide from her mother, Megan emphasized that her actions were a desperate attempt to manage overwhelming feelings, not a wish to end her life.
https://bit.ly/4fbWeOr
“The
Strength in Vulnerabi-
lity: Embracing Emotional
Support”
Recognizing when to ask for emotional support is crucial for mental well-being. We often hesitate to reach out during overwhelming stress, grief, anger, or insecurity, thinking we should manage these emotions alone. However, sharing these feelings can lead to deeper connections and prevent burnout or emotional numbness.
https://bit.ly/4hsJB2U
https://bit.ly/3C11beq
https://bit.ly/4f7AJOG
Image Credits: Annie Spratt _ Unsplash
Image Credits: TikTiok _ scarymommy.
Image Credits: Pixabay
Credits: Pixabay
ARCHEOLOGY
Ancient Royal Tomb Discovered in Henan
Decoding the Imago Mundi: Babylon’s Oldest World Map
Gunung Padang: An Ancient Pyramid Redefining Prehistory
Gunung Padang, a sacred site in West Java, Indonesia, may be the world’s oldest pyramid, potentially predating iconic structures like Stonehenge. Recent findings indicate a meticulously crafted core shaped from lava flows, with possible expansive chambers inside. Radiocarbon dating suggests construction began as far back as 27,000 years ago, significantly earlier than Göbekli Tepe. Research reveals the site’s complex history, built in stages by advanced societies exhibiting remarkable masonry skills. The dedication to this monumental site over thousands of years indicates its profound cultural and spiritual significance. As explorations progress, Gunung Padang stands poised to redefine our understanding of prehistoric civilizations.
https://bit.ly/3AmdVM7
A royal tomb from approximately 5,000 years ago has been uncovered in central China’s Henan Province, within the Wangzhuang ruins of Yongcheng. Spanning over 17 square meters, it is one of the largest from its time, with more than 350 artifacts, including pottery and bronze implements.
Archaeologists believe the tomb belonged to a king of a prehistoric state. This discovery provides crucial insights into ancient Chinese civilization and may reshape our understanding of early dynastic structures in the region.
https://bit.ly/3YBNJGo
The “oldest map of the world,” known as the Imago Mundi, is a Babylonian clay tablet that reveals insights into ancient beliefs. Discovered in Sippar, Iraq, it features a schematic map of Mesopotamia and surrounding regions, emphasizing the Babylonians’ perception of their world, including cities like Babylon and the Euphrates River.
https://bit.ly/4hq2fsk
Discovery of Lost Mayan City Valeriana Challenges Historical Settlement Knowledge
Archeologists in Mexico have discovered a significant lost Mayan city, Valeriana, in the Campeche jungle. This finding, revealed through advanced Lidar technology, challenges prior understandings of Mayan settlement density and complexity. The study utilized airborne Lidar data collected in 2013, indicating a settlement density of 55.3 structures per square kilometer, with 6,764 identified structures.
We are experiencing a remarkable era for understanding the universe, with powerful telescopes revealing its simplicity at large scales and the Large Hadron Collider confirming known physics at tiny scales. Surprisingly, current theories combining string theory and cosmic inflation predict a complex cosmos, which contradicts observational evidence indicating simplicity. The inflation model suggests a chaotic multiverse, yet observations point toward a straightforward universe. My colleague Latham Boyle and I propose simpler theories, dismissing inflation and string theory, to tackle cosmic puzzles with minimal assumptions.
https://bit.ly/3C6sCmV
Voyager 1 Resumes Communication with Backup Transmitter After Power
NASA’s Voyager 1 spacecraft is using a backup S-band radio transmitter after communication issues arose, prompting the spacecraft to enter a protective state to conserve power. The flight team noticed problems on Oct. 18, discovering that Voyager 1 had turned off its primary X-band transmitter.
Despite concerns about detecting the faint S-band signal, a command was sent on Oct. 22, leading to successful communication on Oct. 24. The team will investigate what triggered Voyager 1’s fault protection system, as it should have had enough power for operations.
https://bit.ly/3C8nPBu
China Successfully Launches
New Crew to Tiangong Space Station
China successfully launched the Shenzhou-19 spaceship with a three-person crew to its orbiting space station, aiming to expand its exploration of outer space. The launch occurred from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at 4:27 a.m. local time. The crew includes mission commander Cai Xuzhe and two first-time astronauts, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze.
https://n.pr/4hlH5vD
NASA’s Groundbreaking Space Technologies Named Among TIME’s Top Inventions
NASA’s Advanced Composite Solar Sail System, Deep Space Optical Communications, and Europa Clipper were among TIME’s 2024 top inventions. The solar sail, launched on April 23, harnesses sunlight for space propulsion, while DSOC, launched on Oct. 13, enables record-breaking laser communication.
https://bit.ly/4ff50e9
Image Credits: Wikipedia, CC BY-SA
Image Credits: NASA
Image Credits: NASA_Don Richey
Image credits: Freepik
CURIOSITY
The Holographic Universe Theory: Are We Living in a Cosmic Illusion?
Welcome back to Curiosity, where we take you on mind-bending journeys through the farthest reaches of scientific thought! Today, we’re diving into one of the most intriguing and reality-warping concepts out there: The Holographic Universe Theory. Buckle up—this one’s going to make you question everything you know about space, time, and, well, existence.
What is the Holographic Universe Theory?
At first glance, the Holographic Universe Theory sounds like it belongs in a sci-fi blockbuster, but it’s a serious idea in theoretical physics. The theory suggests that everything we perceive in our three-dimensional universe— objects, light, even you and me— could actually be a two-dimensional projection, like a hologram. Picture it like this: imagine watching a 3D movie. The images on the screen look like they have depth, but they’re really flat images projected onto the screen. According to the Holographic Universe Theory, our universe might work in a similar way. While we experience reality in three (or more) dimensions, the true information that describes our universe could be encoded on a two-dimensional surface, possibly at the edges of the cosmos.
Sounds wild? Absolutely. But some of the brightest minds in physics, including Nobel laureate Gerard ‘t Hooft and string theorist Leonard Susskind, have given serious thought to this idea.
Intriguing and Surprising Aspects of the Holographic Universe Theory
1. Solving the Black Hole Information Paradox
One of the most mind-blowing things about the holographic universe is that it could solve one of the biggest mysteries in physics: the black hole information paradox. When something falls into a black hole, does the information it contains get lost forever, or is it somehow preserved? According to the holographic principle, all the information about a 3D object that falls into a black hole could be encoded on the 2D surface of its event horizon, preventing that information from being lost forever.
In simple terms, this means that the “surface” of a black hole might contain all the information about everything that has ever fallen into it, kind of like a giant cosmic hard drive. It’s still an enigma, but the holographic principle offers a promising clue.
2. Reality as a Cosmic Projection
Imagine that your life— everything you do, feel, and see—could be happening in 3D, but the underlying information might exist in 2D. In this view, the whole universe could be like a very sophisticated video game, where what we perceive as depth, space, and time is a kind of illusion, a “projection” from fundamental information coded elsewhere in the universe. But don’t worry, you still have to pay taxes in this universe, illusion or not.
3. Links to Quantum Gravity and String Theory
The Holographic Universe Theory has strong ties to string theory, one of the leading candidates for a “theory of everything.” In string theory, tiny one-dimensional objects called strings vibrate in higher-dimensional space, and the holographic principle suggests that all this higher-dimensional information could be encoded on a lower-dimensional boundary. In fact, AdS/CFT correspondence, an idea
from string theory, shows that a certain kind of universe with negative curvature (anti-de Sitter space) can be described entirely by a quantum field theory on its boundary, which is a lower-dimensional space.
This correspondence has become a powerful tool in the study of quantum gravity, allowing physicists to translate complicated problems in one dimension into simpler ones in another.
4. A Real-Life Test of the Theory?
Here’s the exciting part: this isn’t just theoretical navel-gazing. Physicists are actively trying to test aspects of the holographic principle. One experiment, conducted at Fermilab in the United States, is attempting to detect tiny quantum “jitters” in space, which would be a signature of a holographic universe. The experiment, called the Holometer, is looking for minute vibrations in space that could reveal whether our universe is a projection from a lower-dimensional reality. Think of it as trying to spot the pixels in the ultima-
te cosmic display.
5. A New Way to Think About the Universe
The idea that the universe is holographic isn’t just limited to black holes. Some physicists think that the entire universe could be holographic, with all the information about 3D space encoded on a 2D surface far beyond the observable universe. If this is true, it could radically change how we understand everything from the nature of space and time to the mysteries of dark matter and dark energy. It’s like finding out the rules to the game of the universe have been right in front of us this whole time—just encoded in a way we couldn’t see before.
So, Why Should You Care?
Okay, so you might be thinking, “This is all fascinating, but what does it mean for me?” Besides giving you some amazing dinner-party conversation material (“Did you know we could be living in a hologram?”), the Holographic Universe Theory has the potential to fundamentally reshape our understanding of physics and reality itself.
If proven, the theory could help unify the Standard Model of particle physics with general relativity, two pillars of modern science that, as of now, don’t quite get along. It could also give us
new insights into quantum mechanics and gravity, two forces that govern everything in the universe but remain difficult to reconcile under one framework.
Plus, it makes you wonder: What is reality, really? Is the three-dimensional world we experience just a projection from a deeper, hidden level of the universe? If the holographic theory holds, we may one day find out that the way we perceive space and time is just one piece of a much larger, even more fascinating puzzle.
Final Thoughts: Embrace the (Holographic) Mystery
The Holographic Universe Theory is one of those ideas that stretches the boundaries of what we think we know, pushing the limits of human understanding. Whether or not it turns out to be true, it’s a reminder that our universe is far stranger and more complex than we ever imagined. It challenges us to think beyond what’s directly in front of us and opens up a whole new realm of possibilities about the nature of existence.
So, next time you’re gazing up at the stars, just remember: you might be looking at the ultimate cosmic projection. Keep exploring, stay curious, and don’t be surprised if reality turns out to be even weirder than you ever thought possible!
Tesla Robovan
ENGINEERING, ROBOTS, IT
Robot Chef Beastro Revolutionizes Campus Dining at FIU
FIU students can now enjoy meals made by Beastro, a robot chef from Kitchen Robotics, which prepares customized dishes with 37 ingredients in minutes. Students order at a kiosk, and the robot handles cooking, cleaning, and notifications for pickup.
CEO Ofer Zinger describes Beastro as an automated yet adaptable kitchen, unlike fixed-menu systems. Kitchen Robotics leases Beastro for $3,970 a month, and with installations in Toronto and planned expansions on the East Coast, Beastro is ready to scale worldwide.
NVIDIA Advances Humanoid Robots with AI and Virtual Simulation
NVIDIA is helping advance humanoid robots through AI-powered platforms like DGX, Omniverse, and Jetson AGX. Speaking at the NVIDIA AI Summit, Rev Lebaredian noted that recent AI breakthroughs make a “general-purpose robot brain” achievable, enabling robots to navigate spaces and learn from human activities.
https://go.nasa.gov/3YlDwwE
Title: “U.S. Export Controls
Managing Your Privacy Preferences: A Guide to Website Cookies
Websites often store cookies to tailor your browsing experience. You can manage your preferences to allow or block various cookie types. Essential cookies enable site functions, while functional and performance cookies enhance site personalization and monitor visits anonymously. Targeting and social media cookies build a profile of your interests for personalized ads and sharing content.
Blocking specific cookies might affect website functionality, but you have control over your privacy settings to
Mark a Turning Point in Technology and Geopolitical Strategy
The CSIS report *Staying Ahead in the Global Technology Race* highlights key issues in economic security, notably the October 7, 2022, U.S. export controls banning advanced chip sales to China. This shift underscores the significance of AI leadership in military power, putting China’s ambitions at risk as over 90% of its AI chips are U.S.-designed.
Couples Who Cope Together, Don’t End Up on the Couch Together!
A pioneering Australian study published in *The Journal of Rheumatology* examined how couples with rheumatoid arthritis manage the disease through dyadic coping, which involves joint problem-solving and emotional sharing. The research, involving 163 couples, found that supportive dyadic coping results in lower psychological distress and better relationship quality, while negative coping increases stress for both partners. This research highlights the importance of addressing both partners’ perspectives in understanding the dynamics of coping with chronic illness. The study advocates for integrating dyadic coping training into treatment strategies to enhance the well-being of both RA patients and their spouses.
https://bit.ly/3C6trw1
Textual Tantrums: How to Stop Fexting Before It Gets Ugly!
Fexting, or fighting via text, often leads to miscommunication and escalated conflicts, especially among couples. Dr. Karen Bridbord notes that texting lacks emotional context, causing arguments to spiral out of control.
To improve communication, experts suggest pausing during conflicts, self-soothing for at least 20 minutes, and addressing issues face-to-face. Understanding each partner’s emotional triggers and seeking reassurance can help prevent future fexting and strengthen relationships.
https://bit.ly/3C96Sab
Navigating Relationship Anxiety: The Importance of Communication and Reassurance
Navigating relationship anxiety can be challenging, especially when past experiences influence current feelings. The fear of not receiving a response may stem from earlier online dating experiences, creating a lingering sense of distrust. It’s vital to acknowledge these feelings and communicate openly with your partner, as reassurance is a normal aspect of a healthy relationship.
https://bit.ly/4ee9twG
Understanding “Rebecca Syndrome”: Navigating Retroactive Jealousy in Relationships
“Rebecca Syndrome,” named after Daphne du Maurier’s novel, refers to the jealousy toward a partner’s former lovers. Psychotherapist Toby Ingham suggests that these feelings often stem from childhood experiences and are exacerbated by social media, which allows constant comparison.
https://bit.ly/3Au74jC
Image Credits: Pixabay
Image credits: PixabayImages
Image Credits: Svetlana Shamshurina_Getty Images
Image Credits: bymuratdeniz _ Getty Images
INVESTIMENT & FINANCE
Evaluating Your Investment: Is Serve Robotics a Smart Choice?
Before investing $1,000 in Serve Robotics, note that the Motley Fool Stock Advisor recently identified 10 top stocks, excluding Serve Robotics, that could offer significant returns. For instance, an investment in Nvidia recommended in 2005 would now be worth $867,372.
The Stock Advisor service has outperformed the S&P 500 since 2002, providing valuable investment insights. Neil Rozenbaum does not hold any positions in mentioned stocks, and while The Motley Fool recommends Serve Robotics, its opinions remain independent.
https://tgam.ca/4f5YaYM
Who is funding air mobility?
The Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) industry is facing a funding shift as venture investments decline while public interest grows. At the AUVSI New England Summit, experts discussed the challenges of integrating AAM into existing aviation systems and emphasized the importance of public funds in supporting infrastructure.
Investors are focusing on addressing mobility needs while managing risks. AAM’s future relies on partnerships between governments and private entities for infrastructure development. Achieving commercial viability will require ongoing public investment to ensure reliability and affordability, raising the question: if we build it, will they come?
https://bit.ly/4hoQ92B
A Guide to Easier Downsizing with Greater Benefits
Rising housing costs and living expenses are prompting many to consider downsizing. Advisors recommend a gradual approach to adjusting spending habits, as downsizing varies for each individual. For instance, relocating to more affordable cities or downsizing can also impact early retirement plans, allowing for more time for travel but requiring careful financial planning.
https://bit.ly/3AjY5lc
Investing in [untitled]
The music industry is entering a new era with AI transforming how music is created. While musicians still rely on outdated tools, [untitled] is developing a new operating system to enhance the creative process. Their mobile app allows users to upload, organize, and edit music on the go, featuring AI-powered capabilities and analytics for collaboration. With over 100,000 musicians already using [untitled], the founders bring a deep appreciation for the creative workflow.
Fitness is crucial for healthy aging, promoting muscle strength, balance, and brain health while fostering independence. Regular exercise, including low-impact activities and strength training, reduces disease risks and enhances quality of life for older adults.
The CDC recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity and two days of strength training weekly for those aged 65 and older. Functional movements and balance exercises are essential for maintaining stability and preventing injuries, emphasizing a tailored approach to fitness that considers individual needs and limitations.
3
Things I Wish I’d Done for Retirement Longevity
Avoiding Poverty in Retirement – Darcy Ungaro
Darcy Ungaro, an authorized financial adviser and host of the NZ Everyday Investor podcast, warns that many Kiwis risk retirement poverty as the gap between income and needs widens. He emphasizes proactive financial planning, disciplined investing, and careful debt management. Ungaro advocates leveraging investments to build wealth while avoiding overextension in uncertain economic conditions.
https://bit.ly/4f6f2hU
Women envision an active retirement, but reality may differ
https://cnet.co/40n4Z3J
Retirement is a crucial phase, but many struggle with inadequate savings. An AARP survey found that 20% of Americans over 50 have no retirement savings, with many concerned about outliving their funds. Frank H. shared key insights, stressing the importance of having a clear retirement plan and the benefits of utilizing Roth accounts. He also highlighted the significance of working longer, noting that claiming Social Security early can reduce benefits substantially. Understanding these financial aspects can lead to better retirement planning and more secure financial futures.
https://yhoo.it/3YIKv42
Women in America have high expectations for retirement but face financial challenges. A Transamerica report found only 16% feel “very confident” in retiring comfortably, with concerns about outliving savings, Social Security cuts, and declining health. Though 78% are saving, the average amount saved is only $44,000, while many have borrowed from their retirement accounts.
https://bit.ly/3UyuNpL
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Image credits: Goodboy Picture Company _ iStock.com
Image credits: 123rf
Image Credits: Pixabay
Empowering Minds with Cutting-Edge Knowledge: Bridging Science and Technology for a Smarter Tomorrow
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FILMS
EMPLOYMENT, CONFERENCES & WEBNARS
A soldier fighting aliens gets to relive the same day over and over again, the day restarting every time he dies.
Jobs Assistant Professor of Mathematics
THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO BUILDING AN APP-BASED BUSINESS
‘A must read for anyone who wants to start a mobile app business’ Riccardo Zacconi, founder and CEO King Digital (maker of Candy Crush Saga)
‘A fascinating deep dive into the world of billion-dollar apps. Essential reading for anyone trying to build the next must-have app’ Michael Acton Smith, Founder and CEO, Mind Candy
Apps have changed the way we communicate, shop, play, interact and travel and their phenomenal popularity has presented possibly the biggest business opportunity in history.
In How to Build a Billion Dollar App, serial tech entrepreneur George Berkowski gives you exclusive access to the secrets behind the success of the select group of apps that have achieved billion-dollar success.
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Reading: How User-Centric Travel Technology is Transforming the Tourism Industry with Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality?
