Onondaga County Education and Outreach Plan for Floatables Control

REPORT March 1, 2013

An Education and Outreach Plan for Floatables Control

Prepared for

ARCADIS of New York, Inc. by:

Onondaga Environmental Institute 102 W. Division Street, 3rd Floor Syracuse, New York 13204

Table of Contents I.

Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 1

II.

The Problem with Floatables ................................................................................................................ 2 A.

Project Background ........................................................................................................................... 2

B.

Project Goal....................................................................................................................................... 3

C.

Background and History .................................................................................................................... 3

III. A Comprehensive Plan for Reducing Floatables: A Carrot, Stick and Broom Approach to Targeting Floatables and Behavior................................................................................................................................ 4 A.

Get the facts: Littering Behaviors ..................................................................................................... 5

B.

Develop a Plan .................................................................................................................................. 6

IV. Crafting a Public Education Plan ........................................................................................................... 9

V.

A.

Educational Objectives...................................................................................................................... 9

B.

Educational Strategies .................................................................................................................... 10

C.

Education and Outreach Tools ........................................................................................................ 11

D.

Outreach to Target Groups ............................................................................................................. 21

E.

Floatables, Demographics and Educational Response for Syracuse CSO-sheds............................. 25 Program Evaluation ............................................................................................................................ 32

VI. The Cost of a Public Education and Outreach Campaign ................................................................... 34 VII. Recommendations and Next Steps..................................................................................................... 34 VIII. Conclusions ......................................................................................................................................... 35

Tables Table 1

Percentage of Total Litter and Flushables by Type in Sampled Syracuse CSO-sheds

Table 2

Annual Local Festivals and Timelines for Engaging Residential Audiences in Syracuse

Table 3

Creating and Measuring Change

Figures Figure 1A

Percentage of Total Litter by Type in Sampled Syracuse CSO-sheds i

Figure 1B

Percentage of Total Flushables by Type in Sampled Syracuse CSO-sheds

Figure 2

Land-use Data CSO 027/029

Figure 3

Land-use Data CSO 027/029, Commercial Sub Categories

Figure 4

Land-use Data CSO 052,060,067,076,061

Figure 5

Land-use Data Harbor Brook CSO-sheds

Figure 6

Land-use Data CSO 077

Figure 7

A Comparison of Level of Litter to Level of Commercial Properties

Figure 8

A Comparison of Level of non-colloidal Flushables to Level of Commercial Properties

Figure 9

A Comparison of Level of Littler to Level of Residential Properties

Figure 10

A Comparison of Level of non-colloidal Flushables to Level of Residential Properties

Figure 11

A Comparison of Level of Litter to Level of Poverty

Figure 12

A Comparison of Level of non-colloidal Flushables to Level of Poverty

Appendices 1A

Stakeholders

1B

City of Syracuse Officials

2A

Parks

2B

TNT’s

2C

Religious Organizations

3A

Restaurants

3B

Hotels

4

Schools

5

Useful Contact Information for People at Local Academic Institutions

6

Miscellaneous Contacts

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I.

Executive Summary

This report provides a framework for implementing a floatables control public education and outreach plan within the context of a holistic and comprehensive approach to floatables control. The document is divided into six main sections with the bulk of it dedicated to potential components of a public education and outreach program on floatables. It is meant to serve as a guide, a starting point of what could be possible based upon research and projects conducted by other municipalities and organizations. Section II, “The Problem with Floatables,” provides a rationale for the report within the mandate of the Amended Consent Judgement and within the context of the broader problem of litter and flushables. In Section III , “A Comprehensive Plan for Reducing Floatables: A Carrot, Stick and Broom Approach to Targeting Floatables and Behavior,” research and case studies on how to best address the problem of litter and flushables are shared. The key points in this section are as follows: 1. Research suggests the most effective floatables control programs utilize a combination of approaches including education programs, improved enforcement of existing ordinances, creation of additional ordinances, and the implementation of new tools and resources (such as the placement of new trash receptacles).

2.

Public awareness campaigns need to focus on changing individual behavior by emphasizing social norms and community values.

The goal of Section IV “Crafting a Public Education Plan” is to formulate a set of overarching objectives and strategies that could guide future implementation, explore potential programming options based upon examples by other municipalities, discuss potential outreach targets in the context of the floatables survey and provide contact information for key organizations and individuals. The exploration and discussion of outreach should be interpreted as examples of what is possible, a menu of options for future plans, as orchestrated by Onondaga County. Key points from this section are: 1. Actively engage stakeholders and potential partners as a strategy for success.

2. Develop a message that supports the social norm that we do not litter in Syracuse.

3. Use the appropriate educational tools for each target group and be sure to use them in a manner that supports the social norm.

4. Demographic data is still valuable in determining how to target outreach even though the floatable composition data did not support any clear relationships between land-use or poverty rate and the relative amount of various floatables by CSO-sheds. For example, education and 1

outreach about flushables should be targeted to the large number high volume businesses such as restaurants in CSO-sheds 027 and 029 because the relative composition of flushables was high.

Section V, “Program Evaluation,” details a program evaluation method that can be used to measure behavior change within the context of a program evaluation model called, The Targeting Outcomes of Programs” (TOP) model.

Section VII provides a short list of recommendations and next steps in order to prioritize components of the education and outreach plan.

The main points of Section VI, “The Cost of a Public Education and Outreach Campaign” and Section VIII, “Conclusions” are as follows; Any future outreach plan designed for Onondaga County should be multifaceted with clear messages informing the public about expectations and the corresponding consequences of littering.

Messaging targeted towards specific audiences can move individuals, and thus a community, towards behavioral changes that lead to meaningful environmental outcomes. Behavioral change occurs slowly and therefore any initiated outreach programs would need to be accompanied by a meaningful program evaluations designed to assess progress. The cost of a comprehensive floatables education in the City of Syracuse is likely $500,000 to $800,000 per year. While this cost is not insignificant, the opportunities for successfully reducing floatables entering Onondaga Lake and its tributaries through a comprehensive public education and outreach campaign outweigh the barriers.

II.

The Problem with Floatables

Floatable Reduction in Onondaga County: Addressing the Problem

A.

Project Background

Onondaga County is mandated by its Amended Consent Judgment to submit to the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and the Atlantic States Legal Foundation (ASLF) a management plan and proposed implementation schedule to address problems related to the County’s CSOs. To accomplish this task, the County recently completed two studies designed to assess floatables 2

control options for select CSOs that were not originally included in the County’s long-term floatables control abatement program. The studies were as follows: •

Floatable Control Facility Plan, prepared by ARCADIS, April 2011

•

CSO Facilities Plan for CSOs 022, 027, 029, 052, 060/077, and 067, prepared by CH2M Hill, May 2011

Following a regulatory review of the previously mentioned studies, the County decided to gather additional data on floatables before developing an appropriate floatables control plan for the County CSOs that presently lack a defined control plan.

B.

Project Goal

The purpose of the Floatable Assessment Project conducted by Onondaga County in the fall of 2012 was to gather supplemental data characterizing floatables for the County’s combined sewer overflows (CSOs) long-term floatables control abatement program. The County will use these data to prepare a revised Floatables Control Facility (FCF) Plan that will include the County’s recommendations for floatables controls. The principal goal of the project is to develop a long-term FCF plan that provides a holistic, sustainable approach for controlling point sources of floatables pollution and in doing so, effect positive changes in the water quality of Onondaga Lake and its tributaries. This report provides a framework for implementing a floatables control public education and outreach plan within the context of a holistic and comprehensive approach to floatables control.

C.

Background and History

Litter and Storm drains: What’s the Problem Considerable environmental degradation can occur when litter is allowed to enter sewer systems through storm drains because the litter clogs pipes, resulting in sewer backups and other damage to wastewater collection and treatment systems. Although littering has declined in the U.S. since the 1960s, it still results in economic, environmental and quality of life consequences for communities across the country ranging from direct clean- up costs and decreased property values to lost tourism and commerce opportunities 1. In 2009, the nonprofit “Keep America Beautiful” (KAB) completed the largest litter study ever conducted in the U.S and reported their findings regarding the causes and effects of littering and associated costs. Results indicated residential areas have 40% less litter than roadways, which were primarily littered with tobacco products (38%), paper (22%), and plastics (19%). In non1

Schultz, P.W. 2009. Littering Behavior in America, Results of a National Study commissioned by KAB

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roadway areas, transition points (such as entrances to public places where food or smoking is not allowed) and storm drains were the two most highly littered areas, reporting twice as much litter as recreational areas, construction sites, retail sites or loading docks. Litter from roadways and storm drains are of particular concern to KAB because it is more likely to be washed into local sewer systems where it can damage wastewater treatment infrastructure and/or contaminate nearby receiving waters.

Storm drain litter was comprised primarily of small items less than four inches in size (83%), such as cigarette butts and confection litter. Plastic items, including plastic fast food items, plastic drink products, and plastic bags were also commonly found in storm drain litter1. Of the litter types found around storm drains, 59% was attributed to pedestrians while 32% was attributed to motorists1.

The Use of Toilets for Garbage Disposal: The Real Cost The term flushables refers to items intentionally flushed down toilets. Typical flushables include personal hygiene items (such as tampons, baby wipes, condoms, cottonswabs, facial tissues), bandages, toilet cleaning products, and an increasing number of convenience products marketed as flushable or biodegradable including baby wipes, cleaning towellettes, adult wipes, and other personal care products. While many of these products may be marketed or labeled as flushable or biodegradable, problems arise when they do not disperse in water. When the wipes and other materials fail to break down, they catch on obstructions in household plumbing, sewer pipes, and equipment at treatment facilities causing costly clogs and sewer overflows. Consequently, if they do reach the sewage treatment plant, they must be screened out and removed, further increasing the costs associated with clogs and trash removal.

III. A Comprehensive Plan for Reducing Floatables: A Carrot, Stick and

Broom Approach to Targeting Floatables and Behavior

Keep America Beautiful (KAB), one of the largest anti-littering organizations in the United States, believes influencing individual attitudes and behaviors is the most effective method for decreasing the prevalence of litter in a community. Through research and trial and error, KAB developed a five step process for effecting change in littering behaviors: 1. Get the facts 2. Involve the public 4

3. Develop a plan 4. Focus on results 5. Provide positive reinforcement

A.

Get the facts: Littering Behaviors

In 2009 KAB conducted a study investigating the causes of littering behavior in the United States.

Results indicated the majority of littering (81%) was intentional; resulting from individual choices instead of accidental littering that is due to wind, etc. The strong correlation between individual behavior and littering emphasizes the need to focus public awareness campaigns on social norms and community values. In addition, there was a strong correlation between pre-existing litter and an individual’s propensity to litter. For example, individuals were more likely to litter in communities and areas that were already littered or were perceived as untidy, uncared for, or neglected and were less likely to litter in communities and areas that had little or no litter, were well cared for and landscaped, and had wellmaintained properties and hardscapes. Essentially, clean, well-maintained areas help strengthen the attitude or value that littering is wrong, or at least not condoned, while littered streets or communities convey the message that littering is an accepted behavior. Study results also indicated littering behavior is closely linked to context and infrastructure, as the presence of trash, ash and recycling receptacles were found to influence the likeliness of litter. Additionally, age was found to be a contributing factor in an individual’s tendency to litter, as people under the age of 30 were more likely to litter than older individuals1.

The KAB study resulted in several key recommendations for public anti-littering campaigns: 1) Changing individual attitudes and behavior is essential. People must feel that littering is wrong and that they have a responsibility to keep their community beautiful and clean.

2) Public education and cleanups work to strengthen proper trash disposal as the social norm.

Because litter begets litter, trash cleanups help communities appear cared for. Likewise, antilittering campaigns should take care NOT to show images of littered streets or people littering as these images reinforce the idea that littering is common place, prevalent or normal, even though their true intention is to illustrate the need to not litter. KAB reports, “Indeed, posting litter prevention messages or signs in already littered environments is likely to exacerbate the littering problem, rather than fix it.” Instead, campaigns should emphasize how people can keep their community beautiful and clean or highlight positive changes (how successful recycling programs are, or how much cleaner streets are now compared to 40 years ago). In other words, 5

display and strengthen the perception that people do not litter and that littering is not accepted by society.

3) Additional disposal receptacles help reduce littering. While trash receptacles are generally widespread, ash receptacles are less common (47%) and recycling receptacles are even less common (12%) nationwide. Most littering occurs away from a receptacle and the likelihood of littering decreases with proximity to a receptacle.1 4) Cigarette butt littering is more strongly influenced by context (38%) as opposed to individual attitudes and awareness than other litter types. This factor should be considered when designing programs targeting cigarette butt litter and will necessitate a strategy that increases the number of ash receptacles, emphasizes community beautification and promotes individual responsibility.

B.

Develop a Plan

Research at KAB has shown a multifaceted anti-littering campaign is the most effective method for yielding positive changes in public attitudes and behaviors. Due to their findings, they suggest a municipality should create a plan that utilizes a combination of the following approaches: •

Education – Education and awareness are bedrock tools of behavior change.

•

Ordinances – Changing public policy through codes, laws, or ordinances is one way to change behaviors around quality of life and environmental issues.

•

Enforcement – Consistent and effective enforcement of existing codes, laws, and ordinances helps change behavior and reinforce the commitment to a cleaner, greener community. It is important to work closely with local law enforcement and be sure citizens are aware of the current laws.

•

Tools and Resources – This can include such tangible things as litter pick up tools, sanitation collection vehicles, graffiti removal equipment, litter or ash receptacles, recycling bins, or pocket ashtrays. It also includes strategies that encourage individuals to make different long-term choices, blending knowledge from social marketing with tools designed to effect behavioral changes.

Ideally, any long-term program for floatables control should include each of these four elements. Due to time and monetary constraints however, it may not feasible to create multifaceted management plans.

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Therefore we have included a few case studies that describe successful established programs that include at least two of the elements listed above.

Case Studies New York, NY New York City conducted a study to determine if frequent street sweeping reduced floatables and stormwater pollution. Results indicated street sweeping was an effective technique for removing floatables and that increasing the frequency of street cleaning from twice a week to six times per week reduced floatables by 42%. Although a significant quantity of floatables and litter was found on sidewalks and thus out of reach to the street sweeper equipment, the NYC Department of Sanitation regularly sweeps streets to target litter reduction, and aggressively enforces a program targeting property owner responsibility to minimize litter on their sidewalks. http://www.hydroqual.com/papers/tnewman/01/p_tln_01.htm Georgia, USA The State of Georgia launched the “Litter: It Costs You campaign” in August 2006. An integrated and comprehensive approach to stopping litter, the campaign encompasses education, eradication and enforcement efforts and leverages the efforts of state agencies, city and county governments, and volunteer organizations to engage the public and effect positive change. Resources include an interactive and comprehensive Website, community challenges for adults and youth, an online toolkit and an education component to reach children. Additional information can be found at their Website: www.litteritcostsyou.org.

Research Targeting Flushable Behaviors ENCAMS “Keep Britain Tidy” conducted a study to look at why people flush items down their toilets and how to change that behavior. Key finding from their survey include: •

Messages in public toilets about not disposing of sanitary items down the toilet have influenced people’s behavior. 47% of respondents said they were less likely to dispose of items down a public toilet than their own toilet

•

More females (79%) than males (65%) have flushed items down a toilet

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•

People with children are 76% more likely to flush items down a toilet than people without children (69%)

•

32% of respondents flushed items down a toilet due to lack of awareness or a “why not” attitude (many people reported that they thought the sewage treatment plant could handle it)

•

22% of respondents flushed items down a toilet due to concerns about odors and 21% of respondents flushed items down a toilet in order to quickly dispose of a mess

•

17% of respondents flushed items down a toilet due to discretion and indiscrete alternative disposal options

•

Many respondents also stated toilet disposal was a matter of convenience, especially when there was no trash can in the bathroom

Case Studies-Targeting Flushable Behaviors Monterey County, CA The Caramel Area Wastewater District has numerous education efforts to engage the public help them to understand wastewater and how the improper disposal of assorted materials can impact the treatment facility. Their public outreach campaign messages include “Protect Sea Otters- Don’t Flush Kitty Litter”, “Boycott Your Garbage Disposal- It has a Huge Carbon Footprint” and “The High Cost of Flushable Products.” One public outreach technique involves inserting education materials into residents’ billing statements to emphasize the negative impacts flushable products can have on the sewer system.

NSF International A new program by NSF International strives to give consumers appropriate information about what products are truly flushable. A certification program was launched “that provides third-party verification of consumer product claims asserting they can be safely disposed of via toilet flushing”.

Developed in response to the increasing number of flushability claims on many disposable consumer products, the new NSF Flushable Consumer Products Certification Program can provide a solution to many clogging issues associated with wastewater treatment systems. The new program addresses flushability claims on consumer products such as facial tissues, baby/cosmetic wipes, kitty litter, pet refuse bags, disposable diapers and feminine hygiene products.” Additional information can be found at: http://www.wwdmag.com/nsf-launches-certification-program-flushability-consumer-products

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Ideally the plan adopted to reduce floatables entering Onondaga Lake and its tributaries should include as many of the approaches recommended by KAB as possible. Education lets people know what they should be doing and why . The plan should be tailored to help people choose behaviors that will reduce floatables. Tools such as garbage cans and disposal containers for flushables support people in properly disposing of floatables. Street sweeping not only directly reduces litter, but helps support the institution of the norm that litter does not belong in Syracuse. Ordinances and enforcement provide extra incentive to change behavior.

IV.

Crafting a Public Education Plan

The remainder of this report focuses primarily on the objectives, strategies, methods and tools of a public education plan designed to reduce floatables in Onondaga Lake and its tributaries. An analysis of demographics of the CSO-sheds and the floatables control survey is presented and utilize to develop an education and outreach program for the targeted CSO-sheds. This section of the report is meant to serve as a discussion of potential programming options and is not intended as an established future plan that will be acted on definitively. In composing this section, our intention was to gather contact information for individuals and organizations that could be called upon to collaborate on future outreach plans orchestrated by Onondaga County.

A.

Educational Objectives

If the educational goal is to reduce floatables then the educational objectives to reach that goal are as follows: Objective 1: Increase public awareness about how the Metropolitan Syracuse Wastewater Treatment Plant works:

•

Trash and litter that goes down a storm drain can be washed into Onondaga Creek/Harbor Brook and end up in Onondaga Lake.

•

Additional trash negatively impacts operations at The Metropolitan Syracuse Wastewater Treatment Plant .

•

Personal hygiene items and other kinds of wipes that are flushed down the toilet can cause costly clogs.

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Objective 2: Increase public awareness of the environmental and community costs of improper disposal of floatables:

•

Litter and flushables in our waterways can be harmful for the creatures that live there.

•

Litter and flushables in our waterways discourage recreational use of our waterways.

•

Littered neighborhoods make a neighborhood appear uncared for and promote more litter.

Objective 3: Promote individual responsibility and stewardship by educating the public about acceptable behaviors:

•

Aside from regular toilet paper, nothing should be flushed that has not been ingested.

•

Trash should be disposed of in a trash receptacle.

•

Newspaper, paper, cans, and plastic bottles can be recycled (or re-used).

B.

Educational Strategies

There are a number of guiding strategies for creating an education and outreach plan that will be successfully embraced by the community.

1. Actively engage representatives from stakeholder groups in both the creation and future implementation of the plan. This includes organizations with similar goals, public officials, key issue leaders, cheerleaders and opinion makers, schools, neighborhood groups, business associations and relevant municipal departments. Forming an anti-floatables task force made up of these stakeholders can be very helpful to the future success of the plan. Stakeholders that have already shown an interest in some aspect of this issue and would likely be interested in being part of a task force include: the City of Syracuse (Office of the Mayor, Departments of Public Works and neighborhoods), Onondaga County, Sean Kirst (a columnist with the Post Standard), various downtown business organizations, Onondaga County Resource Recovery Agency and environmental and/or educational organizations including the Environmental Finance Center and Onondaga Environmental Institute.

2. Partner with organizations, stakeholders and pre-existing events to increase capacity and encourage synergies. There are many opportunities to do this. Appendices 1A & 1B include a listing of stakeholders and potential partners.

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3. Do not re-invent the wheel. Adopt and adapt successful initiatives and messages from other communities and pilot them with local focus groups. Case studies and examples from other communities are included throughout this report.

4. Use humor and fun to create awareness and encourage behavioral changes.

5. Try to create opportunities for earned media to increase awareness.

6. Tailor methods and messages to different demographics.

C.

Education and Outreach Tools

A comprehensive public education and outreach campaign designed to reduce floatables should be composed of both broad and targeted forms of outreach. It should connect and build upon related efforts and engage as many stakeholder groups as possible in the process. Different educational approaches can be directed at specific audiences including residents and the general public, commercial audiences, and youth. Different CSO-sheds are characterized by various land use types and therefore the appropriate public education methods can be tailored to the relevant target group in each CSO-shed or a target group throughout a wider geographic area. Based upon KAB research, anti-littering and presumably anti-floatables campaigns are more effective when they are part of overall beautification efforts. In this section, methods of outreach and education are listed and explained. Examples from other communities are described and detailed local information necessary for implementation is included.

Creating a Message or Slogan Throughout this report are examples of messages that other organizations and municipalities have used in anti-litter or anti-flushables campaigns. A sampling of those messaging slogans including some discussed in detail within this report include: “ Slam Dunk your Junk”, “Litter Kills”, “Litter it Costs you”, “Litter and It Will Hurt“, “Keep Britain Tidy”, “Don’t Mess with Texas”, and “Lets pick up New York”.

One of the first steps of the public education and outreach campaign should be to develop a message that accurately reflects the goals of the campaign and resonates with target audiences. This could be done via a contest, by a group of stakeholders or by a paid consultant. The best messages are short, let people know what they should do or is expected and the consequences that will ensue if they fail to comply. The “Click it or Ticket” fasten your seat belt campaign is an example that fulfills all three requirements. A derivation of a slogan used previously for an anti-litter campaign in Central New York could be recycled for an anti-floatables campaign. “Dunk your junk” works for either litter or flushables, with a few modifications. “ The ‘Cuse Dunks its Junk” could be the main slogan. It is an improvement 11

since it suggests that in Syracuse proper waste disposal is the norm. Sub-slogans can be designed for particular audiences and situations. Examples of sub-slogans include: “The Cuse Dunks its Junk because a toilet is a terrible thing for trash, because a fine is no fun, because litter is wrong too, because a neighborhood is a terrible thing to waste, because litter kills, etc. Ideally a number of slogans should be tested on various focus groups to determine which slogans are most effective with different demographic groups.

Mass Media: Television Commercials and public service announcements (PSA) are one avenue for getting the word out though the cost can be prohibitive. A public service announcement that connects with Syracuse’s pride in SU athletes may be useful for connecting with local community pride in SU athletics. The Boeheim Foundation has been active in building porous pavement basketball courts for youth in City of Syracuse Parks. This collaboration between Onondaga County, the City of Syracuse and the Boeheim Foundation could serve as the foundation for a collaboration that connects local resident’s pride in SU Basketball to stewardship of their neighborhood and city. Possible slogans for an anti-littering PSA could be “The ‘Cuse Dunks its Junk” or “In Orange Country, We Dunk our Junk”, or “Don’t Trash Our Turf- Keep Syracuse Clean”. Commercial visuals could convey an athletic theme by including scenes of SU basketball players and city residents “dunking” trash in public trash cans. Sports-themed PSAs could be shown on the video screens in the Dome during games. A related possibility is that themed- garbage cans, designed with basketball hoops over them, could be strategically placed in key public spaces.

Some kinds of events and information capture the attention of the news media without costing a dime.

The makers of Trashasaurus Rex, the dinosaur sculpture made of trash, discovered the media took an interest in following the whereabouts of their dinosaur teaching tool. This earned media provided them with the opportunity to educate about litter and recycling. Similar opportunities should be pursued in Syracuse.

Locally, there are a number of shows and broadcasters that may be interested in hosting a segment on floatables reductions. These include: •

“Bridge Street” with Chris Brandolino features conversations and demonstrations on local topics of interest.

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•

“Going Green” with Terry Ettinger on YNN focuses on a wide range of “green” topics.

•

“Today in CNY” on News Channel 3. Laura Hand who hosts the show on weekends has shown interest in community minded environmental issues.

One network that may be interested is WCNY the local PBS affiliate. They continue to try innovative ways to reach out to the community in general and youth in particular. With their impending move to a new Broadcast and Education Center on the Near West Side (one of the targeted CSO-sheds) and their presence on the airwaves, they should be consulted further regarding the opportunity for being part of an anti-floatables campaign.

Radio Different radio stations appeal to different markets and have different missions.

•

Joel Delmonico of Clear Channels has shown an interest in supporting sustainability efforts. He may be willing to provide support for a large scale anti-litter or anti-floatables campaign.

•

A few radio stations that should definitely be included in any large scale media campaign include: WPHR 106.9FM, WHEN 620AM and WAER 88.3. WPHR is an urban contemporary station that markets to the African American community and WHEN and WAER are sports stations that would be a good venues for sports themed PSA’s.

Print Media There are opportunities for paid advertizing and earned media with each of the publications listed below in both the print and web-based forms.

•

The Post Standard will be changing its format and staff assignments over the next year but will likely remain a force for covering local news issues via print and web based communications.

Sean Kirst, a Post Standard columnist, has written many pieces about litter and the need for the community to take control of the problem. He would be a good advocate for an anti-floatables campaign.

•

The Stand is a free monthly community newspaper for Syracuse’s Southside. They are located in the Southside Communication Center on Salina Street. Contact information can be found on their website; www.mysouthsidestand.com.

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•

The Syracuse New Times is a free weekly newspaper that focuses on local news, arts, entertainment and events. It appeals to students and the alternative community. Their website is www.syracusenewtimes.com.

•

The Daily Orange may soon be the only daily newspaper in town. It is written by and for SU and ESF students. Their website is www.dailyorange.com.

Billboards, Bus Shelters and Bus Signs •

Syracuse is a billboard city. Onondaga County has used billboards to create awareness of the Save the Rain Campaign. The goal of the Save the Rain program is to reduce stormwater runoff in order to reduce combined sewage overflows. OCCRA has also used billboards as part of their recycling education.

•

Residents of many neighborhoods in the CSO-sheds rely on public transportation. Any large scale outreach campaign should include posters in buses, bus shelters and the new bus transfer station.

Social Media Facebook/Twitter/YouTube/Website Campaigns An accompanying website, Facebook page or Twitter site could be developed to work in tandem with local education campaigns. Similarly, creative videos (and YouTube) could be used to spread campaign messages and reach younger audiences. When targeting young people, web and YouTube videos are not synonymous with public service announcements or traditional television advertisements, and consequently should be geared towards messages that are packaged as creative, entertaining or humorous.

Keep America Beautiful’s “Litter is Wrong Too” campaign takes a unique and light-hearted approach to attract the attention of 18-34 year olds (who are identified as the worst offenders of litter). The litter prevention campaign uses social marketing to engage Generation Y by encouraging them to write their own ad slogans around the phrase, “Littering is Wrong Too.” It links littering with wrongdoing, while also defining the personality of the litterer as a socially unaccepted jerk thus vilifying their choice to litter (e.g., Gas Station Sushi, Wearing socks with sandals, Supersized Fries with a diet soda, Networking at funerals). The campaign measurably increased litter awareness in the pilot project in Cincinnati, led to thousands of contributed slogans, and successfully caused thousands of people to 14

vote on the best “wrongs” via their website, Facebook page and Twitter account. The campaign used social media to create a unique experience by encouraging individuals to express their own “wrongs” by posting messages and photos. The social aspect of sharing and voting on the slogans with their friends allowed them to spread the message among their peers. Due to its success, the campaign is being adopted by other cities around the country (http://www.litteringiswrongtoo.org).

•

As previously mentioned, Keep America Beautiful (KAB) affiliates across the country have launched the “Litter is wrong too” campaign in their own cities. Syracuse and Onondaga County could join the campaign and have a local “Litter is Wrong Too” website/FaceBook/Twitter site to reach out to young people and tech savvy individuals.

“Flash Mob/Smart Mob” Community Beautification Projects/Clean Ups Flash mobs are social media driven spontaneous gatherings. The Director and Research Scientists of Arnold Arboretum (Massachusetts) host impromptu “tree mobs”, based on the idea of a flash mob, to deliver public outreach programs and encourage interactions with scientists and horticulturalists. The tree mob concept was designed to move away from some of the formality and time commitment associated with a tour, lecture or children’s program. Tree Mob attendees may also be alerted by a sign or may drift by and attend just a portion of the presentation after noticing a group gathering. Keep California Beautiful partnered with 48 McDonalds in the Sacramento/Bay Area to host the state’s first flash mob Trash Roundup, bringing together volunteers for 60 minutes or less to clean up litter. The event was successful and led to planning for an even larger flash mob for the 2nd Trash Roundup. In Syracuse, flash mobs called ’CuseMob have been used with great success as part of the buy local campaign. Media announcements are made ahead of time to let people know that there will be a ‘Cuse Mob experience on a certain day but the location is not announced until the day of the mob. On the day of the event, Twitter, Facebook and other media are used to notify people who then descend upon the chosen store to shop.

•

Syracuse can engage tech-savvy people by organizing a flash-mob style community beautification project or litter cleanup at a specific site and announce the event through social networking sites. Events will receive coverage from traditional media outlets providing opportunities to further educate the public about the importance of litter and flushables reduction

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Flash mobs meet YouTube A Canadian Flash Mob staged a video to promote recycling by organizing a flash mob of thousands of people at a shopping mall that “blended in” to the mall’s food court and surrounding shopping plaza as they watched an empty soda bottle lay on the ground two feet from the recycling bin. When an unsuspecting passerby picked up the bottle and tossed it into the recycling bin, the crowd erupted into applause and gave the person a standing ovation as they quickly put on red hats. After a few minutes of clapping, the flashmob took off their red hats and dispersed. The video was put on YouTube where it went “viral”, accumulating almost one million views in just ten days.

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Carousel Center has been the scene of several flash mobs over the last few years and would be a good choice for a flashmob video such as the one described above.

Additional Public education tools and opportunities Community-wide festivals Syracuse has many festivals and events throughout the year that provide perfect opportunities to educate and engage participants in the appropriate disposal of floatables. Tabling at local events can accomplish targeted education to individual residents and neighborhoods. Outreach activities at the festival could include games (such as sorting games similar to OCCRA’s trash-recycle-compost game in this case, to flush or not to flush), demonstrations of how flushed materials clog the sewer system, videos showing the extent to which various “flushable” items break down in water (several video demonstrations are available online from Consumer Reports, the Portland Water District, City of Spokane DWM, and others), or the creation of public art using trash, such as the Trashasaurus Rex sculpture described previously. The annual Syracuse Arts and Crafts Festival would provide a good venue for Trashasaurus Rex, as would more kid and family oriented festivals including the Light a Candle for Literacy parade and festival on the Southside. Table 2 includes information about local festivals.

Additional resources about activities that use trash and found objects to create art and other useful things can be found at http://www.trashforteaching.org/programs/.

Contests

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There are many organizations and municipalities that host different kinds of contests to educate about litter and recycling. The Ironbound Business Improvement District (Newark, NJ) hosts an annual AntiLitter Art Contest for school children. The winning artwork is printed on postcards, along with the district’s trash/recycling pickup schedules and waste disposal rules and mailed to commercial property owners and businesses. In Hobart City, Australia “Art From Trash” is an annual contest and community event that encourages the reuse of discarded materials in the production of visual art. The exhibition is open to all ages and is a great opportunity for emerging artists because of the attention the show attracts. The community portion is called “Transforming Trash Together” and is a contest for schools and community groups to create and enter their piece of art in the exhibit.

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A contest with the Syracuse City School district could include creating an anti-floatables lesson for teachers to use with their classes, working with school environmental clubs or offering an anti-floatables presentation that introduces the contest at school assemblies. The contest could also be open to students through community centers and after school programs.

Submitted artwork could be hung in the school, in local storefronts or posted online to acknowledge the students’ work. The “winning” artwork could be turned into postcards, bookmarks, posters, signs, folders or other useful print material.

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Syracuse has an active arts community with many galleries and exhibition spaces. A contest similar to the “Art from Trash” contest in Australia could be open to artists, community groups and schools. Students and classes could collaborate to transform trash into a piece of art that could be entered into a contest designed to find pieces to include in a community art exhibition.

The press generated from this innovative show could provide a platform for engaging the community in a conversation about litter and flushables.

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Partners for working with the schools and community centers on such a project could include the Community Folk Art Gallery, Syracuse Cultural Workers, the Onondaga Earth Corps, OCCRA, Baltimore Woods Nature in the City program and Say Yes to Education. Exhibition partners could include the Community Folk Art Gallery, the Everson museum, the Museum of Science and Technology, the Rosamond Gifford Zoo and the Onondaga County Public Library.

Closer to home, the EPA Environmental Finance Center at SU organized a poster contest for college students across EPA Region 2. Students entered designs featuring anti-littering and recycling messages.

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About a dozen designs were chosen and made into posters to be distributed on campuses across EPA Region 2.

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A similar, smaller scale contest could be implemented for anti-flushables signage in restrooms in local academic institutions and businesses. More durable signage could be imprinted with Quick Response (QR) codes that could connect smartphone users to the program website or any information deemed pertinent.

Other Printed Materials There are many types of printed materials that could be incorporated into a successful outreach campaign; posters, signs, decals and inserts are all options. The Portland Water District in Maine distributes clear/black toilet decals with speech bubble that says “I’m not a trashcan! The garbage you flush could end up in the ocean” Distributing informational inserts with utility bills (such as a water bill) can reach residents in targeted areas and spread the word about the economic and environmental costs of flushing materials other than toilet paper down the toilet.

Mascots One example of using a mascot in an anti-flushables campaign comes from the Caramel Area Wastewater District in California. They use a sea otter mascot to connect with people’s natural affinity for animals while simultaneously urging them to avoid flushing kitty litter down the toilet. Their “Protect Sea Otters-Don’t Flush Kitty Litter” campaign discourages the behavior by emphasizing how pathogens in kitty litter impact the health of sea otters. Different kinds of charismatic mascots could be used here to educate and bring attention to reducing floatables.

Examples of Potential Mascots: •

“Trashman” could make appearances with “Trashasaurus Rex”. Trashasaurusrex is a dinosaur made of trash, generally assembled by the community and later used in educational activities with young people. Small scale versions can also be created as part of festival or classroom activities. Information about the origins of Trashasaurus Rex can be found at http://www.kidat-art.com/htdoc/public.html.

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American Bald Eagle mascot- The return of bald eagles to Onondaga Lake has captured the attention of many in the community. An eagle mascot could educate people about the negative 18

impacts of litter and floatables on Onondaga Lake and necessary eagle habitat space. The public could be engaged to help name or even design the mascot. A few suggestions from the local peanut gallery included “Floatey Mcfloats A lot” and “Trashy Waters”.

Clean-Ups Neighborhood Clean-Up Events and Community Beautification projects can engage volunteers and local residents in improving their locality while simultaneously spreading awareness about litter prevention.

There are a number of successful events locally. For example, OCCRA’s annual Earth Day “clean-up to green-up” event has been a huge success in Onondaga County but more sustained efforts are needed.

“In the spring, the community rallies around a few well-publicized cleanups, culminating in a massive effort on Earth Day…The weakness in the existing strategy is that trying to beautify a city with a couple of early cleanups is like trying to fix a leaky pipe with a piece of cloth. With no year-round effort to address the behaviors and attitudes that create the mess, garbage inevitably lines the roads again” (Post Standard, 7/7/2011). In 2011, four Syracuse businesses (Fleet Feet, O’Brien & Gere, King & King Architects and Kitty Hoynes) organized a series of litter clean-ups in Syracuse called “Pride in Syracuse”.

One of the unique approaches they used to generate participant interest was to offer a lucrative incentive for not-for-profits. Not-for-profit organizations were encouraged to apply to receive funds ($1000) as a reward for providing volunteers for at least one of the cleanups. The agency that provided the most help would be chosen to receive the grant (The incentive money was made possible by a grant Fleet Feet received from the shoe company New Balance). The City of Syracuse applied for a grant to fund an event called “Clean-up Cuse”, a day of litter clean-ups and beautification projects. Their goal is have 1000 volunteers participating in 10 areas. Neighborhoods would be encouraged to submit a proposal for a beautification project and litter clean-up in their neighborhood for which the City of Syracuse would provide assistance. Although City of Syracuse officials recently learned that the City’s proposal was not successful, they still plan to go ahead with the event in some form.

Each of these events provides an opportunity for incorporating anti-floatables education and incentivizing behavioral change. An extension of these events would be to work with staff and children at community centers. One way to change behavior and promote cooperation is to have the children compete individually and as a group in a litter clean-up competition. For example, every time or each day that a child is “caught” properly disposing of or picking up litter, a sticker is put on their “I dunk my 19

junk” rewards card and a marble is added to the group jar. If a child is caught littering, they lose a sticker and two marbles are removed from the jar. Once a child’s “I dunk my junk” reward card is filled up they get a small prize. Once the marble jar is full, the whole center could receive a pizza party, a gift card or some other prize that they value. By having individual reward cards and a group reward jar, individuals have a personal incentive as well as a stake in the success of the group. This approach helps create peer pressure around a positive norm. Participation in any of the previously described litter clean-ups would earn the center bonus marbles. Something similar could be done for adults; “A Caught in the Act” reward, for example. Perhaps the trash man mascot could roam the streets of various commercial districts waiting to catch some unsuspecting citizen properly disposing of trash. The unsuspecting citizen could then be rewarded with a small prize from one of the area businesses, a free cup of coffee, a free glass of wine, a free pastry or something similar.

Incentives and Rewards Certain kinds of incentives and rewards are obvious, like the previous example of winning a prize for picking up litter while other kinds are more subtle. For example, Volkswagen operates a website, Thefuntheory.com. According to the site, it “is dedicated to the thought that something as simple as fun is the easiest way to change people’s behavior for the better”. One idea from their site is called the world’s deepest bin. A trash receptacle was rigged with a motion sensor and a speaker. When trash was thrown into the can it emitted a noise that sounded like something dropping, down, down, down, until, thunk, it hit the bottom oh so far away. At the end of one day, they found that the fun trash can in the park contained more than twice as much trash as an ordinary trash can nearby. The video of people “discovering” the bin is very funny and can be viewed at www.thefuntheory.com. Clearly, fun can change behavior.

Examples of Incentive and Reward Programs: •

In Syracuse, a small fleet of trashcans such as the world’s deepest bin could be placed strategically around the city. During the summer they could be used at Syracuse’s many festivals, while during the school year they could be moved around to various schools and community centers. Perhaps high pedestrian areas should have permanent ones. Sounds could rotate to keep people curious.

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Other kinds of incentives assist people in properly disposing of trash. For example, York County, in South Carolina targets cigarette butt littering by distributing pocket ash trays and vehicle ash 20

trays to residents at local fairs and festivals as part of their “Recycling-on-the-Go” program.

Onondaga County recently started targeting the disposal of cooking grease in the sewer system by distributing bags and containers to collect the grease and allow for safe disposal in the trash can. Distribution of bathroom receptacles to businesses for the proper disposal of flushables would be a good addition to the program.

D.

Outreach to Target Groups

Outreach to Residents For residents and the general public, creating awareness and knowledge of the problems and emphasizing the importance of individual actions can influence attitudes, resulting in behavioral changes. As studies have illustrated the influence of social norms on individual behavior, educational messages should be tailored toward the mindset that Syracuse residents dispose of trash properly in order to protect the lake or other local waterway and individuals should follow suit in order to “do their part”. Campaign slogans and messages can be selected with feedback from a focus group. Once a public slogan is selected and campaign messages tailored, they can be conveyed to residents via advertisements (mass media service announcements, social media and printed media), mailings, bill inserts, newsletters, and postings in public places (public restrooms, recycling centers, etc). Special messages should be developed for women about feminine hygiene products and for caretakers of children about baby wipes. Developing education programs, contests, events or incentives for community centers, church groups, local festivals and libraries can also provide ample opportunities to educate residents about litter and flushables.

Outreach to Commercial Businesses Commercial audiences including business offices, restaurants, libraries, parking facilities, hospitals, hotels, retail establishments, and cleaning services or management agencies can be targeted for education about proper disposal practices both for their employees and customers. Informational signs and stickers in public bathrooms can educate people about what to flush and what not to flush. Similar signage focusing on baby products can be posted above infant changing stations. Due to demographics, signs should be in English and Spanish. Incentives include disposal containers and bags for restrooms and adult wipes that come with discreet bags. Some businesses may also be willing to sponsor a “fun” trash can in front of their establishment or donate prizes. Additionally, litter and flushables education

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could be incorporated into the outreach that OCCRA and WEP already do with different segments of the business community.

Outreach to Schools and Youth Centers The KAB study found that young people under the age of 30 are more likely to litter than older age groups1 and are therefore a key audience for public education programs. Schools and youth centers provide an opportunity to integrate anti-littering messages and proper toilet disposal practices into existing lessons about science, environmental issues, stewardship, recycling, and community service.

Like residential outreach in general, social norms are particularly important to young people.

Curriculum Integration A variety of resources are available for teachers and other educators to incorporate litter prevention into their lessons. KAB offers an activity guide about litter prevention, beautification and community greening, recycling and an integrated approach to the management of solid waste called “Waste In Place”. The guide is used nation-wide by formal and informal educators and includes lessons on litter prevention, waste reduction, recycling, composting, waste-to-energy, and landfills. KAB recommends educators use the “Waste in Place” curriculum to accomplish the following tasks: •

To meet local and state mandates for an environmental curriculum

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To teach the essential elements or course of study requirements for each grade level (pre-K through 6)

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As a supplemental lesson when teaching science, social studies, language arts, mathematics, art and music

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As a unit for an outdoor education field trip

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As an environmental unit during the “Great American Clean Up” or “America Recycles Day”

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As an activity to encourage youth participation and service learning in the community

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As a tool for involving the school system in local environmental and community improvement efforts

The activity guide can also be used as part of the education curriculum for public outreach events, presentation ideas, and litter and other community improvement projects.

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The “Project WET Curriculum and Activity Guide” (published by Project WET: Water Education for Teachers) is another resource for integrating water-related lessons into the classroom. The Project WET curriculum includes 64 multidisciplinary activities for students K-12, and has been correlated with the educational standards of most states, including New York.

The “Learning Stormwater: Curriculum and Activity Guide for Urban Schools” (published by The American Cities Foundation) focuses on encouraging students to gain a sense of personal responsibility for their own environment, specifically in relation to the issue of stormwater runoff in urban areas.

In addition to, or as part of integration into school curriculum, appropriate targeted outreach for schools and youth include, contests, clean-ups, community beautification projects, mascots, incentives, rewards and Facebook and YouTube postings. Stakeholders such as the Save the Rain education team, (EFC, OEI, Baltimore Woods, OEC and ESF) can incorporate anti-floatables lessons into existing outreach to schools and youth. Both the Syracuse City School District and the Say Yes program should be consulted further regarding the opportunity for being part of a floatables control campaign. Mass media messages are also important tools for reaching youth. As previously suggested, WCNY in particular should be consulted about outreach.

Special Note on Outreach to Teens TIDY Northern Ireland reports that it is very difficult to effect positive behavioral changes in 13-18 year olds with litter education programs. Their research indicated teenagers are generally more influenced by members of their social groups than external factors, with a few notable exceptions. For example, members of this age bracket typically respond negatively to messages telling them what to do (i.e., “Don’t drop litter” or “Use a Bin”), but will respond positively to messages that connect with their affinity to animals. Based on these findings, TIDAY Northern Ireland developed a “Litter Kills” campaign that uses images of dead animals surrounded by litter with a website link (Didyoudoit.com) that teaches about the dangers of litter for animals. Another study looking at youth littering by the State of Washington Department of Ecology, found that young entrenched groups of litterers already know they are engaging in socially unacceptable or illegal behavior. Focus groups with people who admitted to littering confirmed that it is a selfish and sometimes rebellious act for young people. Environmentally positive messages, pleas that tried to instill guilt and messages that bolster a sense of civic pride failed to influence this group and in some cases, hit their rebellious “hot buttons”, encouraging them to litter

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more. For this age group in particular, fun incentives, peer approved messages via social media and perhaps something as edgy as “litter kills” will be required.

Outreach to Academic Institutions Any public outreach campaign should focus some attention on local institutions of higher learning. In Syracuse, this includes Syracuse University, the SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry (SUNY-ESF), Lemoyne College, and Onondaga Community College(OCC). Although OCC is located outside of Syracuse, it is an important location for potential outreach programs as many OCC students are City residents. The varied audiences at colleges and universities (e.g., faculty, staff, or students) provide fertile ground for a diverse array of outreach programs that could result in a multi-tiered education and outreach campaign. Attention should also be directed towards student organizations interested in service learning projects or sustainability issues, community development programs in dormitories, professors that teach classes on environmental education, stewardship, or green initiatives, or staff that play a critical role in trash collection and maintenance on campus (e.g., cleaning staff and other physical plant employees). For example, at SUNY-ESF there are a few courses where students are required to work directly with local organizations to design educational programs or help with community outreach efforts (e.g., Dr. Beth Folta’s Environmental Interpretation course taught annually in the fall). It might be possible to suggest that a student in Dr. Folta’s class help us design an outreach program for a targeted audience in order to meet the requirements for her course. Additionally students from Syracuse University’s SI Newhouse School of Communications are often looking for internship opportunities to work on various aspects of marketing and communication. Initial contact with staff at Syracuse University and SUNY-ESF indicate both campuses would be more than willing to participate in and facilitate outreach efforts. Contact information for people and student organizations that might be able to help with outreach efforts are listed in Appendix 5.

Generalities About the Student Body The vast majority of college students belong to “Generation Y” (people born between 1980 and 1994) and consequently it is prudent to consider some general characteristics of that generation that could influence the effectiveness of an outreach campaign. They are a generation known for seeking and embracing individualism, technological connectedness, life-first-work-later attitudes, and idealistic beliefs. Successfully reaching out to and engaging this young audience amidst the flurry of media they 24

are bombarded with daily (and consequently are attuned to sifting and sorting through proficiently) can be challenging. Like successful advertising and marketing strategies that connect with Generation Y-ers, public education campaigns must also utilize non-traditional outreach methods and messages that appeal to this unique group (Eisner 2005) 2.

Educational and outreach methods appropriate for reaching students include but are not limited to: campus radio stations, newspapers and websites, all forms of social media, campus festivals around Earth Day, organizing activities with interested student organizations, contests and clean-ups. Academic campuses can also serve as billboards for visual outreach such as posters, signs, QR codes and other literature that can be displayed on student bulletin boards, in restrooms and toilet stalls, and on campus trash cans and recycling bins.

E. Floatables, Demographics and Educational Response for Syracuse CSO-sheds Different educational approaches can be directed at specific audiences including residents and the general public, commercial audiences, and youth. Accordingly, different CSO-sheds are characterized by various land use types and therefore the appropriate public education methods should be tailored to the relevant target group in each CSO-shed.

A Look at Floatables by CSO-Shed Data from a 2012 Floatables Assessment of 18 CSO outfalls along Onondaga Creek and Harbor Brook in the City of Syracuse were used to determine the approximate composition of floatables found in the system during overflow events. Results showed that each CSO-shed contained varying proportions of paper products, plastics, foam, textiles, natural materials, colloidal and health/hygiene floatables. Paper products and plastic items were considered to enter the system predominantly from street/land sources (i.e., litter washed into the stormdrains), while textile and health/hygiene products were considered to be “flushables� that entered the system through a toilet.

On average, approximately 75% of all floatables in the CSO-sheds were comprised of natural materials, while 14% were flushables and 11% were litter (Table 1). Aside from natural debris, plastic was the most common floatable, followed by textiles, health/hygiene products and paper. Onondaga Creek CSO-shed 2

Eisner,S. 2005. Managing Generation Y. Advanced Management Journal. Pg. 4-15.

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027 had the highest proportion of non-natural floatables (46%, not including foam or colloidals). Harbor Brook CSO-shed 078 had the highest proportion of natural floatables (98%). The CSO-sheds with the highest proportions of plastics were CSO-shed 027, CSO-shed 067, and CSO-shed 014 (26%, 17% and 17%, respectively, Figure 1A). The CSO-sheds with the largest proportions of textiles were CSO-shed 029, CSO-shed 061, and CSO-shed 011 (14%, 14% and 12.7%, respectively) while the largest proportions of health and hygiene items were found in CSO-shed 029, CSO-shed 005,and CSO-shed 011 (13%, 10%, 6.3% respectively, Figure 1B). Paper was relatively less common, often comprising only 1-3% of the floatables in a CSO-shed (Table 1).

Methods Land-use data were analyzed using GIS to ascertain the source or cause of floatables in the surveyed CSO-sheds and determine appropriate audiences for targeted outreach campaigns. In order to determine the dominant or primary land-use classification within each CSO-shed, land-use data was used to calculate the percentage of total area in a CSO-shed designated to a given land-use type. The dominant or primary land-use classification was defined as the land-use type that covered the majority of land in a given CSO-shed. CSO-sheds without a dominant land-use were defined as being “mixed”.

Land-use classifications are based upon the document, “Property type classification and ownership codes” by the New York State Office of Real Property Services. GIS was also used to create maps that overlaid litter/flushable counts from the 18 CSO-sheds with land-use types and poverty indices from the 2000 census data. For the Onondaga Creek CSO-sheds 027 and 029 that were dominated by commercial properties, a map was generated that overlaid the subdivisions of commercial property types with the rest of the land-use data (Figures 2&3).

Results and Discussion Land-use demographics varied across the 18 different CSO-sheds (Figures 2-6). Commercial properties were the primary land-use type in 32% of all CSO-sheds while 53% of CSO-sheds were dominated by residential parcels. The remaining CSO-sheds were classified as mixed.

The data did not support any clear relationships between floatables and land-use across the CSO-sheds (Figures 7-10). Neither did there appear to be a clear relationship between the composition of litter and 26

flushables recorded in a CSO-shed and the poverty rate (Figures 11&12). It is important to note however, that the limited amount of data on the characteristics of the floatables in the studied CSOsheds necessitates caution when making conclusions about the relationships or lack of relationships between demographic data and floatables characteristics. Nevertheless, the floatables and demographic data can be used in combination with information reported by other sources to assist in the creation of an outreach plan to reduce floatables.

Primarily Commercial CSO-sheds Onondaga Creek drainage basin CSO-shed 029: This CSO-shed contains much of the area commonly referred to as the Armory Square neighborhood. Commercial properties in CSO-shed 029 include a mix of office buildings, parking lots and downtown row-type structures (Figures 2&3). Row-type structures are defined as 2 or 3 story older structures with little to no on-site parking that house retail or service industries on the first floor and offices and/or apartments on the upper floors (Property Type Classification and Ownership Codes, pg. 20). CSO-shed 029 had the highest percentage of flushables of all CSO-sheds studied but the percentage of litter reported was relatively low (Table 1). The high percentage of flushables recorded could plausibly be explained by the high concentration of restaurants, bars and office buildings present in CSO-shed 029 as these types of commercial entities probably have more users or “flushes/square foot” than similarly sized residential properties. The low percentage of litter relative to the large number of people who frequent the area is likely due to regular litter cleanups organized by the businesses in the area and the Armory Square business association. Outreach in this CSO-shed should support the litter efforts already underway and target flushables reduction in the many restaurants using the methods detailed in the section outreach to commercial entities (Appendix 3A).

Onondaga Creek drainage basin CSO-shed 027: Recognizable landmarks in CSO-shed 027 include Hanover Square, City Hall, a portion of the raised section of Interstate 81, the State Tower building, the Crowne Plaza Hotel, Syracuse Stage and the former Kennedy Square apartments (Appendix 3B). Most parcels in CSO-shed 027 are commercial and most of the commercial properties are apartment complexes, office buildings, or parking lots (Figures 2&3). As CSO-shed 027 contains City Hall, a few churches, the YMCA Senior apartments and the Syracuse COE, a sizeable portion of the total area in the CSO-shed was also assigned the community services land use classification (Appendix 3A). Intuitively, the land use classification “community services” is applied to any parcel that contains an organization that performs a community service.

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Data showed flushables, particularly textiles, were high and litter, particularly plastics, was very high in CSO-shed 027 (Table 1). The high litter percentages reported in this area could be the result of the numerous people that frequent commercial and entertainment establishments in this area, nearby festivals in Clinton Square and the presence of Interstate81. The high percentage of textiles in CSOshed 027 could be due to a number of factors. As in CSO-shed O29 which contains Armory Square, CSOshed 027 includes a large number of high use commercial venues including restaurants, office and apartment buildings, hotels and entertainment venues(Appendices 3A,3B&6). However, one important commercial establishment that should not be overlooked is the YMCA Senior Apartments. If one assumes that seniors use more adult wipes than the population at large, educational outreach to establishments that cater to seniors will be important. A strategy for floatables reduction in this CSOshed 027 should include more garbage and recycling containers, particularly during festival season (summer and fall), anti-littering billboards along Interstate 81, as well as outreach about flushables to commercial establishments using the methods described in the section outreach to commercial entities.

Onondaga Creek drainage basin CSO-shed 076: The most common land use by area in CSO-shed 076 is commercial, predominantly two-story apartment complexes such as the Vincent and Ivy Ridge Apartments(Figure 4). Some parcels contain industrial properties, such as Clark Concrete, while others contain residential properties. Interstate 81 runs along and bisects this CSO-shed as does a rail line and a high volume local road (Brighton Avenue). Therefore, the very high percentage of litter (particularly foam, Table 1) in CSO-shed 076 may be attributed in part to these high volume thoroughfares. The parcel data do not list any restaurants in this CSO-shed, however the high percentage of colloidal substances and the high percentage of foam suggest that there is likely some sort of “eatery” in CSOshed 076 that is contributing to the floatables problem. A tour of this neighborhood turned up a bakery (donuts) and some corner stores that sell fried food. Reducing litter will require enforcement of antilitter laws along the busy thoroughfares, and outreach to residents of the apartment complexes and homes. Some further sleuthing of commercial establishments may help determine the origin of both the grease and the foam containers.

Harbor Brook drainage basin CSO-sheds 005 & 006A: These CSO-sheds contain the section of West Genesee Street often referred to as “Automobile Row”. Therefore, it is not surprising that the most common commercial land-use by area in these CSO-sheds is auto-dealerships (Figure 5). In addition, about a quarter of the land-use in CSO-shed 006A is residential and both CSO-sheds contain apartment buildings. Litter percentage was low in both of these CSO-sheds while flushables were high in CSO-shed 28

005 but low in CSO-shed 006A (Table 1). It is not clear why this difference in the percentage of flushables exists. Outreach to apartment complexes is recommended. Additional on the ground exploration of the neighborhood may also be useful in determining how to best target outreach in CSOshed 005.

Harbor Brook drainage basin CSO-shed 010: Properties in this CSO-shed are primarily commercial but there are also residential properties and parcels classified as non-ceiling railroad (Figure 5). One of the largest and most recognizable commercial properties in CSO-shed 010 is the former factory building that presently houses Usherwood Office Technology. Other landmarks include City Hardware, The Warehouse, the Save-A-Lot shopping center and Lipe Art Park. Also, Fowler High School is on the border of CSO-shed 010 (Appendix 4). This CSO-shed had both low litter and low flushables percentages (Table 1). CSO-shed 010 does not contain high volume commercial properties which might explain the low flushables percentages. There is not, however, an obvious explanation for the lack of litter in this CSOshed, considering Geddes and Fayette Streets are busy thoroughfares and could consequently be prominent point sources for litter. Supporters of Lipe Art Park have held a few litter clean-ups though and it is possible these efforts are successfully decreasing litter in CSO-shed 010.

Primarily Residential CSO-sheds Onondaga Creek drainage basin CSO-sheds 052, 060, 061, 067: These four CSO-sheds, the largest of which is CSO-shed 052, located in the Onondaga Creek drainage basin are primarily residential (Figure 4). CSO-sheds 052, 060 and 067 are bordered by or contain part of Syracuse City Parks. CSO-shed 052 contains the Strathmore neighborhood and is bordered by and contains areas of Elmwood and Upper Onondaga Parks. CSO-shed 060 contains part of lower Onondaga Park while CSO-shed 067 contains part of McKinley Park. There were no floatables data for CSO-shed 060. Litter percentages were low in CSOsheds 052 and 061 and high in CSO-shed 067 (Table 1). These data are not surprising given that CSOshed 061 drains an extremely small area, Strathmore (CSO-shed 052) has a very active neighborhood association, and CSO-shed 067 has been plagued by high levels of gang activity and violence (Post Standard,3/18/12, 5/1/12). Litter reduction in CSO-shed 067 via education and outreach will be difficult, but is not hopeless. CSO-shed 067 was the focus of an intensive community design process as part of the Save the Rain (STR) campaign. As a result, interest in rain gardens is growing in the neighborhood and with some additional education and outreach perhaps littering can be reduced as well. The strategy for litter reduction in CSO-shed 067 should include outreach to youth through schools

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and afterschool programs, garbage cans in neighborhood parks and outreach to engaged neighbors identified during the STR design process. Flushables were low in all three of these CSO-sheds (Table 1).

Harbor Brook Drainage Basin CSO-sheds 014, 015 and 017: These three CSO-sheds in the Harbor Brook drainage basin are primarily residential and contain small areas of the Woodland Reservoir, part of the City of Syracuse water supply (Figure 5). CSO-shed 014 is by far the largest in the Harbor Brook drainage basin and contains more vacant land than any other Harbor Brook CSO-shed. It also encompasses more commercial property than the other CSO-sheds that contain portions of the Woodland reservoir. Despite similar land-use demographics and poverty levels in these three CSOsheds, percentages of litter and flushables were quite different. CSO-shed 014 had very high percentages of litter and high percentages of colloidal substances while other flushables were low (Table 1). Perhaps this is due to the greater levels of vacant land or the presence of Geddes Street, a busy thoroughfare, bisecting the area. CSO-shed 015 had moderate percentages of litter and very high percentages of non colloidal flushables. CSO-shed 017 had low percentages of litter and flushables (Table 1). Outreach to youth through schools and afterschool program as well to residents will help change undesirable floatables disposal behavior and support desirable behavior in these CSO-sheds (Appendix 4). Additional outreach to the businesses along Geddes Street may also be necessary to reduce litter in CSO-shed 014. Outreach methods suitable for youth, residents and commercial establishments as detailed previously would all be useful.

Harbor Brook Drainage Basin CSO-shed 078: While CSO-shed 078 is primarily residential, it is defined by its proximity to the Bellevue Golf and Country Club (Figure 5). A small portion of the club is located in CSO-shed 078 and at least one third of the CSO-shed is bordered by the club. It is interesting to note that 98% of the floatables coming from this area were natural and 2% were plastic (Table 1). No targeted outreach in this area appears necessary.

Harbor Brook Drainage Basin CSO-shed 009: This CSO-shed is primarily residential with some commercial properties and vacant land (Figure 5). It borders and contains portions of the Rosamond Gifford Zoo, Burnet Park, Fowler High School and NYS ARC, a non-profit organization serving people with intellectual and other developmental disabilities. Litter percentages were low while non-colloidal flushables were moderate (Table 1). No targeted outreach in this area appears necessary.

Harbor Brook Drainage Basin CSO-shed 007: CSO-shed 007 is primarily residential with some commercial properties and one manufacturing/processing property (Sandy’s BumperMart, an 30

electroplating/polishing/anodizing manufacturer, Figure 5). Litter and non-colloidal flushables percentages were low (Table 1). No targeted outreach in this area appears necessary.

CSO-Sheds with Mixed Land-Uses Harbor Brook Drainage Basin CSO-shed 006: The primary land use classifications in this CSO-shed are commercial and community services and a large portion of this small CSO-shed is occupied by Sacred Heart Church and School (Figure 5, Appendix 2C). Other notable commercial establishments include the Harrison Bakery and the Giminski-Wysocki Funeral Home. Litter percentages were low while noncolloidal flushable percentages were moderate. Outreach in CSO-shed 006 should target the Sacred Heart complex and the funeral home since they are the most likely sources of non-colloidal flushables.

Harbor Brook Drainage Basin CSO-shed 011: Land-use in CSO-shed 011 is primarily mixed residential, commercial or vacant (Figure 5). The main thoroughfares are Geddes and Gifford Streets. Consolidated Industries, a recycling not-for-profit, is located here as is Fowler High School. Litter percentages are moderate while non-colloidal flushables are high (Table 1). Outreach in CSO-shed 011 should include schools and community centers using the methods detailed in the section on outreach to schools and community centers (Appendix 4). The Nearwestside Initiative may be able to assist with outreach to residents through their monthly neighborhood meetings.

Onondaga Creek Drainage Basin CSO-shed 077: This large CSO-shed encompasses parts of the Outer Comstock, University and Southside neighborhoods. Properties within the CSO-shed are classified as mixed residential, commercial, or community service (Figure 6). Community service parcels in CSO-shed 077 include Manley Field House (an athletic facility owned by Syracuse University), St. Andrew’s Church and Oakwood Cemetery. Three City of Syracuse parks (Thornden, Westminster, and Comfort Tyler Park) are wholly or partially located in CSO-shed 077. As the neighborhoods within this CSO-shed house a lot of students, it is not surprising that many of the commercial properties are classified as inns, lodges, and boarding or rooming houses ( Appendices 2A,2C,3B&4). No floatables data is available for this CSOshed. However, given the high student population within this area, any outreach to SU and SUNY- ESF students can be targeted to include off-campus students as well. A good partner for reaching the nonstudents in the residential neighborhoods around the University is the University Neighborhood Preservation Association.

31

V.

Program Evaluation

The goal of the education and outreach plan is to change people’s behavior so that they dispose of litter and flushables properly. Changing behavior is a slow process. A meaningful program evaluation can provide measurable benchmarks towards the goal. Below is an excerpt from, “A Conceptual Framework for Infusing Behavior Change Theories into Program Design, Delivery and Evaluation: A Financial Education Example” by L.A. Guion and T.R. Free from The Forum for Consumer Issues a refereed ejournal. The excerpt summarizes the standard evaluation model for many extension programs.

“The Targeting Outcomes of Programs (TOP) Model provides the theoretical undergirding for recommendations on evaluation measures at different stages of change. The TOP model is based on a theoretically-sound framework that has been revised and refined, and widely used over the past 25 years in extension and other non-formal educational organizations (Bennett and Rockwell 1995; Bennett 1975). The model includes seven levels of evidence that can be measured during program evaluation that creates a hierarchy from the lowest level of evidence to the highest. Level one, the lowest level of evidence, includes inputs or resources that were expended to plan and conduct the program such as time, money and staff. Process or formative evaluations at this level typically measure the types of resources, how they were used as well as whether they were leveraged to bring in additional resources.

Level two are activities or outputs of the program such as workshops, classes, demonstrations or other learning opportunities. An evaluation at that level would primarily assess the number and types of learning experiences offered, delivery methods used, and the like. Level three is the participation from the targeted audience in which evaluation measures would include the number and demographic characteristics of the participants. Level four are the reactions of the participants to the learning opportunities specifically and the overall program generally. This type of evaluation would assess ths satisfaction level of participants and the extent to which participants felt the program met their needs.

The fifth level of the hierarchy is known as KASA which represents changes in knowledge, attitudes, skills and/or aspirations experienced by the target audience as a result of the program. The sixth level is behavior change/practice adoption where evaluations are focused on the type of behavior/practice changed, as well as the frequency, consistency and longevity of the change. The seventh and highest level of evidence is social, economic and environmental changes that result from the program.”

The TOP Model provides good steps for evaluating an anti-floatables campaign. Table 3 is an adaptation of Guion’s and Free’s framework for designing, delivering and evaluating behavior change focused educational strategies. It is adapted for anti-floatables education and incorporates the target audiences 32

and educational methods recommended in this report. One caveat is that floatables education is not as complex as financial education, so some of the steps of change may not make sense for every target audience. Additionally, some types of educational outreach are appropriate to incorporate at more than one point in the process.

How quickly a reduction of floatables could be measured depends in part upon the depth and breadth of the outreach campaign as well as the inclusion of appropriate ordinances, enforcement, tools and resources. According to the EPA publication, Getting in Step: A guide for conducting watershed outreach campaigns, “… in outreach programs it can take years before environmental improvements can be seen” (P.121). For something as complicated as reducing phosphorus levels in a waterbody, the guide suggested that ten years is not an unreasonable period of time. Perhaps for something less complicated, like floatables, a time frame of four to five years is appropriate, depending upon the intensity of the outreach campaign.

There are both opportunities and barriers to successfully controlling floatables.

Opportunities • •

Core group of municipal leaders, businesses, media and residents who want to reduce litter Success of recent cooperation between City and State organizations to clean-up litter along highways during repairs has municipal officials and staff open to further efforts

•

The City of Syracuse is planning a large litter clean-up for April 2013

•

Litter as an environmental issue appeals to and is age appropriate for primary schoolers. They have a lot of influence with parents

•

A large portion of the flushables problem is concentrated in CSO-sheds 027 and 029, CSO-sheds that should be receptive to outreach

•

Opportunity to piggyback efforts with ongoing STR outreach

Barriers •

Many neighborhoods in the City are plagued by poverty and crime, so it may be difficult to capture the attention of residents beset by more pressing concerns.

•

A truly comprehensive campaign requires scarce resources

33

VI.

The Cost of a Public Education and Outreach Campaign

Two successful, local education and outreach programs that can inform the costs of a widespread floatables education and outreach campaign are the education and outreach programs of Onondaga County’s Save the Rain Program and Onondaga County Resource Recovery Agency’s recycling program.

The Save the Rain Program has been offering a comprehensive education and outreach program since 2011. In 2011 and 2012 the County contracted with Retz-Cantor to provide marketing services including website design and construction, branding design, advertising design and ad buys. First year contract costs were $410,000 while second year costs were $218,000. Public education and outreach included outreach to schools, youth, homeowners and community groups, demonstration projects, rain barrel distribution and publications. First and second year contract costs with the Environmental Finance Center were $ 395,000 and $293,000 respectively. Total costs for the program in 2011 and 2012 were $805,000 and $511,000 respectively. This does not include costs associated with coordination by the County as well as costs incurred by Onondaga County Department of Water, Environment and Protection and other County departments. Most STR education and outreach to date has occurred in the City of Syracuse.

The Onondaga County Resource Recovery Agency (OCCRA) has been offering recycling education and outreach throughout Onondaga County for about two decades. Budgets vary year to year based upon the availability of funding. According to Kristen Lawton, Public Information Officer for OCCRA, the budget for 2012 represents what she would call a “middle of the road year” A total of $788,000 was spent on outreach and advertizing or about $4.40/household. Recognizing that a floatables education campaign in just the City of Syracuse would be smaller, more targeted, with a more focused message than either the STR or OCCRA campaigns, it should be possible to craft an effective floatables education program for between $200,000 and $500,000 per year.

VII.

Recommendations and Next Steps

It can be daunting to determine how to best prioritize target scarce resources to tackle the problem of floatables. Listed below are recommendations and next steps for reducing litter and flushables based upon national and international research, education and outreach best practices and the results of the Floatables Assessment Project as discussed previously in this report.

34

1. Decide whether the program should be City-wide or County-wide. Most mass media operates at a regional level and is therefore most cost-efficient when used at that scale. Other types of educational outreach can be targeted by locale.

2. Form an advisory committee. Be sure to include representatives from various City departments including, the Departments of: Parks, Public Works, Neighborhoods & Business Development, Planning & Sustainability as well as the Mayor’s Office.

3. Work with the City to increase trash receptacles in parks, near businesses and along high pedestrian corridors.

4. Develop some anti-litter and anti-flushables messages and test them on focus groups made up of members of the various target audiences. Be sure to use messages that portray the desired behavior as the social norm.

5. Since most littering is done by those under 30 years of age, target outreach to youth through the schools and Universities. Tools such as social media, fun trash disposal methods, trash mobs, contests and mascots will be particularly effective with the under 30 age group as well as other tool described in the section outreach to target groups.

6. Use a combination of the data and likelihood of success to choose initial target groups and areas.

7. Work with the advisory committee to determine which neighborhoods have stakeholders; businesses, residents, schools or community groups that would champion an anti-floatables campaign. Participation in prior anti-littering efforts is a good measure of future interest in an anti-floatables campaign.

8. One of the first areas to target for education and outreach should be the Armory, Hanover and West Genesee business areas, (CSO-shed 027 and CSO-shed 029). They have relatively high composition of flushables and varying degrees of litter, high participation in previous antilittering efforts and active business and community organizations with whom to work.

Bathroom signage and receptacles, fun trash disposal methods and other methods described previously should all be used.

VIII. Conclusions To successfully reduce floatables in Onondaga Lake and its tributaries, a holistic plan including education and outreach, enforcement of appropriate laws and ordinances, and other tools and resources will be required. The goal of the education and outreach plan is to change people’s behavior so that they 35

dispose of litter and flushables properly. The right methods targeted for the right audience can move individuals and thus a community towards change that leads to meaningful environmental outcomes.

While there are barriers to reducing floatables entering Onondaga Lake and its tributaries, there are many more opportunities for success.

36

Table 1: Percentage of total litter and flushables by type in all Syracuse CSO-sheds Litter

Flushables

CSO #

Paper

Plastic

Foam

Natural

Textile

Health/ Hygiene

Colloidal

005

3%

5%

0%

72%

8%

80%

10%

10%

<1%

20%

Harbor Brook

006

2%

6%

0%

80%

Harbor Brook

06A

2%

5%

0%

85%

8%

88%

7%

5%

<1%

12%

7%

92%

3%

3%

2%

8%

Harbor Brook

007

3%

9%

0%

82%

11%

94%

0%

1%

6%

7%

Harbor Brook

009

2%

6%

0%

80%

8%

88%

7%

5%

0%

12%

Harbor Brook

010

2%

Harbor Brook

011

2%

7%

0%

90%

9%

99%

1%

1%

0%

1%

9%

<1%

68%

12%

79%

13%

6%

2%

21%

Harbor Brook

014

7%

17%

1%

61%

24%

86%

0%

0%

15%

15%

Harbor Brook

015

2%

10%

1%

68%

12%

81%

12%

8%

<1%

20%

Harbor Brook

017

2%

3%

0%

89%

5%

94%

3%

2%

2%

6%

Harbor Brook

078

0%

2%

0%

98%

2%

100%

0%

0%

0%

0%

Onondaga Creek

027

1%

26%

1%

52%

28%

80%

11%

8%

0%

19%

Onondaga Creek

029

1%

4%

0%

62%

6%

68%

14%

13%

4%

32%

Onondaga Creek

052

1%

2%

0%

95%

3%

98%

2%

0%

0%

2%

Onondaga Creek

061

1%

2%

0%

71%

4%

74%

14%

9%

2%

25%

Onondaga Creek

067

2%

17%

0%

56%

18%

74%

3%

5%

18%

26%

Onondaga Creek

076

8%

1%

16%

74%

25%

99%

1%

0%

0%

1%

2%

8%

1%

75%

11%

87%

6%

5%

3%

14%

Waterway Harbor Brook

Average

Total Litter

Total street derived

Table 2: Annual Local Festivals and Timelines for Engaging Residential Audiences in Syracuse

Festivals Month of Occurrence April Earth Day Events BlueRainEcoFest July Syracuse Arts and Crafts Festival July Strathmore Art on Porches June Light a Candle for Literacy Parade and Festival June Westcott Art Trail June Junteenth June St. Patrick's Day Parade March OCRRA Quarterly Newsletter Quarterly Westcott Street Cultural fair September WEP Open House September Annual Baby Expo September

Total Flushables

Table 3. Creating and Measuring Change How Change is Adopted Create Awareness

Target Audience Residential

Commercial

Grade School Youth

University Community

Increase Knowledge and Reduce Complexity

Educational Strategy Mass Media, Social Media, fact sheets, billboards, signs, fact sheets, flash mob, mascot, trash art Mass Media, Social Media, fact sheets, billboards, signs, fact sheets, flash mob, mascot, trash art Mass Media, Social Media, fact sheets, billboards, signs, fact sheets, flash mob, mascot, trash art Mass Media, Social Media, fact sheets, billboards, signs, fact sheets, flash mob, mascot, trash art

Evaluation Strategy

Evaluation Tool

Measure amount and type of Info distributed, hits on website or NA other social media Measure amount and type of Info distributed, hits on website or NA other social media Measure amount and type of Info distributed, hits on website or NA other social media Measure amount and type of Info distributed, hits on website or NA other social media

Residential

Presentations at Neighborhood Measure perceived or actual meetings, table at festivals, water knowledge gain, attitude or bill insert confidence change

Pre-test/Post-test (can be a simple show of hands that is recorded by presenter)

Commercial

Presentations at business associations, insert in water bill

Pre-test/Post-test (can be a simple show of hands that is recorded by presenter)

Grade School Youth

Display/mascot at festivals, Lesson at school, poster contest

University Community

Poster contest, Litter is wrong social media campaign

Measure perceived or actual knowledge gain, attitude or confidence change Measure perceived or actual knowledge gain, attitude or confidence change Measure perceived or actual knowledge gain, attitude or confidence change

pre-test/post-test Number of participants developing accurate messages or posters

Table 3. Creating and Measuring Change How Change is Adopted

Develop or increase skills Offer opportunities for trialability

Target Audience

Educational Strategy

Evaluation Strategy

Evaluation Tool

Residential

Skills training that includes incentives, mentors and demonstrations One Measure skills and future example is a litter clean-up cointentions to change behavior organized by a resident or neighborhood association with a picnic afterward. The picnic could include a floatables game

Discussion or survey to determine willingness to participate in future litter cleanups

Grade School Youth

Skills training that includes incentives, mentors and Measure skills and future demonstrations. Floatables intentions to change behavior games, litter clean-up with prizes

Discussion or survey to determine willingness to participate in future litter cleanups

University Community

Skills training that includes Measure skills and future incentives, mentors and intentions to change behavior demonstrations. Poster contest,

Discussion or survey to determine willingness to participate in future litter cleanups

Commercial

Table 3. Creating and Measuring Change How Change is Adopted Provide support & incentives Offer opportunities for observability

Target Audience

Educational Strategy

Evaluation Strategy

Evaluation Tool

Residential

Provide tools, incentives, support.

Increase trash cans-regular and Measure increased support and fun ones, publicize success to perceived or actual changes support good behavior

Trash survey in area surrounding trash can pre and post placement of trash can

Commercial

Provide tools, incentives, support.

Increase trash cans and flushables containers-regular and fun ones.

Ask businesses to sponsor a Measure increased support and "Caught in the Act" of properly perceived or actual changes disposing of litter prize, publicize business participation via website, media to encourage good behavior

Trash survey in area surrounding trash can pre and post placement of trash can and "caught in the act" campaign

Grade School Youth

Provide tools, incentives, support.

Increase trash cans-regular and fun ones, I dunk my junk reward Measure increased support and cards, trash art contest, publicize perceived or actual changes successes via website, media to support good behavior

Trash survey in area surrounding trash can pre and post placement of trash can, Use of reward card

University Community

Provide tools, incentives, support.

Increase trash cans and flushables Measure increased support and containers-regular and fun ones, perceived or actual changes contests

Trash survey in area surrounding trash can pre and post placement of trash can

Table 3. Creating and Measuring Change How Change is Adopted

Target Audience

Provide follow-up

Residential

Educational Strategy Accountability check-up and support

Evaluation Strategy

Evaluation Tool

Measure long-term impacts

Floatables Survey

Commercial

Accountability check-up and support. Contact businesses via phone, mail or e-mail about Measure long-term impacts proper disposal of floatables and need for additional receptacles

Floatables Survey

Grade School Youth

Contact teachers and communtiy center staff to determine need Measure long-term impacts for followup with youth or additional tools

Floatables Survey

University Community

Accountability check-up and support, contact student partners Measure long-term impacts to determine need for additional signs or other tools.

Floatables Survey

30.0

Percentage of Total

25.0

20.0 Paper Plastic

15.0

Foam 10.0

5.0

0.0

Combined Sewer Overflow Shed Number

Figure 1A: Percentage of total litter by type in all CSO sheds in Syracuse

20.0 18.0 16.0

Percentage of Total

14.0 12.0 Textile

10.0

Health/Hygiene 8.0

Collodial

6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0

Combined Sewer Overflow Shed Number

Figure 1B: Percentage of total flushables by type in all Syracuse CSO sheds

ROBINCROFT

HOWARD

GREENWAY

SE WA RD

COLUMBUS SON JUD

HARVARD

WALNUT

Recreation/Entertainment VICTORIA

WAVERLY

SMITH RENWICK

CHERRY

UNIVERSITY IRVING

CD REN WIC K

STEWART

ALMOND

TYLER

MCBRIDE

WEISER

TOWNSEND OAKWOOD

ELIZABETH BLACKWELL

ALMOND STATE

MONTGOMERY

CHERRY

PINE

FORMAN

MCBRIDE

PRESIDENTIAL

ALLEY D A G A O N O N

CROUSE

IRVING

MARKET

MONTGOMERY BANK

FRANKLIN

daga Onon

CLINTON

LINDEN

DELL

Y RINIT

T Community Service

Industrial CLARENDON

DALE AVON

Public Services CLARENDON

CONCORD

CLARKE

Wild, Forested, Public Parks REDFIELD

NG RO ID ST CL EU

ONEIDA

WALNUT

SALINA WA LLA CE

WEST

PLU M

Creek

WARREN

VAN RENSSELAER

MATTY

BARKER

SA FE TY

Commercial

MARSHALL

MARYLA ND

D A G A

Vacant

LANCASTER

O N O N

TO IS BR

WESTCOTT

G

Residential L

ACKERMAN

H O LL A N D

COLUMBUS

K EL LO G

ALLEN

HAWTHORNE

Unknown

CAMBRID GE

Parcels

D OO

G R A C E

DILLAYE

CSO 027 & 029 Sewersheds

SUMNER

VAN BUREN

PA RK

NW EE GR

DYER

BURT

VAN BUREN

HARRISON

LEXINGTON

Legend - Onondaga Creek

OSTROM

JAC KSON

MONROE

TH OR ND EN

RD BA

BASSETT

MADISON

INE DEV

GENESEE

MONROE

TAYLOR

WASHINGTON

ASHWORTH

WELLINGTON

COLLEGE

TOWERS

GREENWAY

ORANGE

G TIN EC NN CO

WASHINGTON

H C EE B

NEW

D KID

M LO

MAPLE

ADAMS

CHAVEZ

HIXSON

WINTON

WATER

GAGE

SA B IN E

SUNSTRUCK

TEA LL

WINTON

MCCARTHY

DABLON

KI NG

690

CH LYN

CEDAR

PLE TEM R TAYLO

VINE

LANDMARK

ANGELOU

PLE TEM

SHERWOOD

WASHINGTON

LATIMER

Miles

ERIE

MONTGOMERY

0.25

MANILLA

COMSTOCK

GRANGER M ID LA N D

LINCOLN

EN A

R ES S

C U M

SOUTH

¯ M A SS

C O N G

SL O

VINE

WEST

NIAGARA

OSWEGO

SHONNARD

ET RN BU

690

MADISON

DICKERSON

FAIRVIEW

ING

MCCORMICK

EL RIEG

CANAL

A G A D

FAB IU S

VANN HAWLEY

BEECH

N O N O

ON

JEFFERSON

IS TT PA

029

ROBINSON

ROBINSON

MATHER

WALTON

NED LAR MERRIMAN

K IC

FAYETTE

TULLY

L WIL

SEYMOUR

HAWLEY

DELHI

OM WY

L WIL

NE STO

GIFFORD

DELHI

A

CA LY TUL

OAK

A GAR NIA

G TIO

E SEN

SCO OTI

E

027

JEFFERSON

E ON ST

N EE GR

WILLOW

GE NE SE

HERBST

KINNE

HAWLEY

HENDERSON DE RU FO RT E U G NT AI N

BROWA

E ERI

LUS CEL MAR

OW

E YN WA

PARK

SCHULER

CRATON

S

RD WA HO

CY TRA

ILL W

O EG W OS

WILKINSON

HERALD

M EL

EN YD BO

LINCOLN PARK

CT

PARK

EN LD BE

Y OR CK I H

PE OS PR

PARK

HI

L AR PE

GENESEE

S LA UG DO

ME JA

N IO UN

81

MARN ELL

ND LA GH

W DG SE

CT

TH OR EVANS

BELDEN

EL UR LA

T SAL

IE LTB MA

W EN AV LE

EVANS

OO D

RT UA SH

E IN ER TH CA

PE OS PR

Figure 2 - Land Use Data CSO 027/029 UM PL

RO SE W

LO DI

DE

UT RN TE T BU

R HE EC E B

S

I BR MC

H AS

ND

ON

ON INT CL

R LA SO

RK I PA PL DU

SI

SE WN TO

DI

VI DI

N IO VIS

NT NA GE

R CE EN P S

81

K IC TR PA K R KI

N S IO

E AV GR

I DIV

ROBINCROFT

HOWARD

CHERRY

WALNUT

SMITH

Y RINIT

T Community Service

Industrial CLARENDON

DALE AVON

Public Services CLARENDON

CONCORD

CLARKE

Wild, Forested, Public Parks REDFIELD

NG RO ID ST CL EU

RENWICK

COLUMBUS

PINE UNIVERSITY

IRVING

CD

ELIZABETH BLACKWELL

ALMOND ALMOND

TYLER

MCBRIDE

WEISER

TOWNSEND

LINDEN

STEWART

REN WIC K

Auto Body, Tires, Auto Sales

Parking Lot

CHERRY

CROUSE

IRVING FORMAN

MCBRIDE

PRESIDENTIAL

ALLEY D A G A O N O N

MONTGOMERY

STATE

OAKWOOD

Hotel

Parking Garage VAN BUREN

SON JUD

HARVARD

Recreation/Entertainment VICTORIA

Automotive - Service/Gas

VAN BUREN

DELL

MARYLA ND

ONEIDA

GREENWAY

SE WA RD

MARKET

MONTGOMERY BANK

CLINTON

FRANKLIN

daga Onon

SA FE TY

Apartments

LANCASTER

D A G A

Commercial

SUMNER

O N O N

G

MARSHALL Multi Purpose

ACKERMAN

H O LL A N D

WALNUT

SALINA

WA LLA CE

WEST

PLU M

BARKER

MATTY

Creek

WARREN

VAN RENSSELAER

K EL LO G

Vacant

Miscellaneous Services

Manual Car Wash

BURT

ALLEN

TO IS BR

WESTCOTT

G R A C E

DILLAYE

Residential L

Banks and Offices

WAVERLY

HAWTHORNE

Unknown

CAMBRID GE

Parcels

COLUMBUS

Retail Services

BASSETT

Storage, warehouse, distribution

CSO 027 & 029 Sewersheds

D OO

TAYLOR

DYER

Dining Establishments

RK

OSTROM

JAC KSON

MONROE

Legend - Onondaga Creek

Commercial Sub CategoriesPA HARRISON

RD BA

LEXINGTON

NW EE GR

MONROE

TH OR ND EN

INE DEV

GENESEE

COLLEGE

TOWERS

GREENWAY

ASHWORTH

WELLINGTON

MADISON

G TIN EC NN CO

ORANGE

WASHINGTON

H C EE B

NEW

D KID

M LO

MAPLE

ADAMS

CHAVEZ

HIXSON

WINTON

WATER

WASHINGTON

GAGE

SA B IN E

SUNSTRUCK

TEA LL

WINTON

MCCARTHY

DABLON

KI NG

690

CH LYN

CEDAR

PLE TEM R TAYLO

VINE

LANDMARK

ANGELOU

PLE TEM

SHERWOOD

WASHINGTON

LATIMER

Miles

ERIE

MONTGOMERY

0.25

MANILLA

COMSTOCK

GRANGER M ID LA N D

LINCOLN

EN A

R ES S

C U M

SOUTH

¯ M A SS

C O N G

SL O

VINE

WEST

NIAGARA

OSWEGO

SHONNARD

ET RN BU

690

MADISON

DICKERSON

FAIRVIEW

ING

MCCORMICK

EL RIEG

CANAL

A G A D

FAB IU S

VANN HAWLEY

BEECH

N O N O

ON

JEFFERSON

IS TT PA

029

ROBINSON

ROBINSON

MATHER

WALTON

NED LAR MERRIMAN

K IC

FAYETTE

TULLY

L WIL

SEYMOUR

HAWLEY

DELHI

OM WY

L WIL

NE STO

GIFFORD

DELHI

A

CA LY TUL

OAK

A GAR NIA

G TIO

E SEN

SCO OTI

E

027

JEFFERSON

E ON ST

N EE GR

WILLOW

GE NE SE

HERBST

KINNE

HAWLEY

HENDERSON DE RU FO RT E U G NT AI N

BROWA

E ERI

LUS CEL MAR

OW

E YN WA

PARK

SCHULER

CRATON

S

RD WA HO

CY TRA

ILL W

O EG W OS

WILKINSON

HERALD

M EL

EN YD BO

LINCOLN PARK

CT

PARK

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Y OR CK I H

PE OS PR

PARK

HI

L AR PE

GENESEE

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ME JA

N IO UN

81

MARN ELL

ND LA GH

W DG SE

CT

TH OR

EVANS

BELDEN

EL UR LA

T SAL

IE LTB MA

W EN AV LE

EVANS

OO D

RT UA SH

E IN ER TH CA

PE OS PR

Figure 3 - Land Use Data CSO 027/029 (Commercial Sub Categories) UM PL

RO SE W

LO DI

DE

UT RN TE T BU

R HE EC E B

S

I BR MC

H AS

ND

ON

ON INT CL

R LA SO

RK I PA PL DU

SI

SE WN TO

DI

VI DI

N IO VIS

NT NA GE

R CE EN P S

81

K IC TR PA K R KI

N S IO

E AV GR

I DIV

BISHOP

MAY

RANDALL

KENMORE

WIMAN

BERGER

BALDWIN

N TO NG

VALE

MI RE

Onondaga

S EN

CATHROP

Parcels

Unknown

HOBART

FILLMORE

Industrial

DAWES

Public Services ANDERSON

Wild, Forested, Public Parks FLOR ENCE

FLOR ENCE

81

SHELDON

SLAYTON

Recreation/Entertainment

WALRATH

HOLLOW

BALL

BENNINGTON

BELLE

Community Service

NEWBURY

MENLO

Commercial

IVY RIDGE

MATSON

GAME

Vacant

OSTRANDER

CHURCHILL

BR ID GE T

CSO Sewersheds

HALL

PIERCE

BARNES

LE

SO UT H

CLIFFSIDE

RT O N M O

CLYDE

RUTH

LORRAINE IL SV

ALDEN

EV ST

81

PLEASANT

ME JA

BURTEN

CRADDOCK

HUGHES

MOORE

BENEDICT

BERWYN

TE STA

ST RA TH MO RE

ROBERT

AL DOUG

GARFIELD

R RBE THU

LYNHURST

Residential RILL

CONAN

L CORA

ALE KD OA

IC PACIF

EEN EVAL

CAMP

IS LOOM

LETT MAR

RD GIRA

E EMPIR

LEY SHIR

UIS SAINT LO

INS MA

Miles

NES BAR

¯

0.25

LD GARFIE

PRIMROSE

O ON NON ON DA DA GA GA C CR REE EE K K

NE ANTY BALL

CANNON

MITCHELL

VALLEY VIEW

STER WEB

CALTHROP

ATLAN TIC

VE GRO

Y NE RO

Legend - Onondaga Creek

MATSON

MARVIN

WENTE

VINCENT

VINCENT

CALTHROP

OSTRANDER

RICE MAU

Figure 4 - Land Use Data CSO 052, 060, 067, 076, 061

NON CAN

NT PLEASA

L NEWEL

D FOR

ER LM PA

SMITH

G CORNIN

ARMSTRONG

L EL RN CO

PENTA

MCCLURE

DSON RICHAR

EDMUND

ORA MED

MCALLISTER

076

Y

GRIFFIN

067

ER WARN

BOIS E

ORISKANY

TTE LAFAYE

ND RAYMO

KEEN

LE VAL

FLETCHER

RUSSELL

CLAYTON

LYNCH

EDGEWOOD

HUTCHINSON

k

AMHERST

ON BRIGHT

HUNT

BISHOP

CK DDO CRA

BERTRAM

ee r C

OD NWO FER

R RNE WA

MICHAELS

MCKINLEY

FOREST

MARGUERITE

LAFAYETTE

FAIRFIELD

E HOP

ELMHURST

ELMWOOD

Br oo k

CH HAT

HILLVIEW

GE HAN CRE

K PAR KIRK

SUMMIT

ARLINGTON

COLUMBIA

CHARMOUTH

060

061

ELK

E FAG

AND MIDL

COLVIN

ANNETTA

K MAR

ROCKLAND

E TEMPL

OD WO

V IN COL

HN GLA

L EL

D WOO KIRK

S BIS

PARKWAY

H ELIZABET

A

RD BEA RD BEA

CSO Sewersheds: 052, 060, 067, 076, 061

ND WOODLA

ER BAK

DEN BOR

BORDEN

IN SAL

CENTENNIAL

COLVIN

WELLESLEY

052

E BELLAIR

RNE SHELBOU

K PAR GA DA ON ON

TWIN HILLS

na ce

YLE ARG

GA DA ON ON

S RT BE RO

AU NE BI RO ALANSON

ON RLT CA A N

NAN LEN MC

K KIR

E PARKSID

D AL ON D MC

Fu r

CRESCENT

ELOISE

D GLENWOO

R EI N M

Y NED KEN

PARKVIEW

STRATHMORE

ARDEN

WOODLAND

DON LAN

BEVERLY

STINA RD GEDDES

G UN YO

K OC NC HA VIN CAL

EASTVIEW

N MA FUR

ND LA RT CO

RICH

CROSSETT

ED RE ARGONNE

CLAIRMONTE

HUBBELL

RIDER

GORDON

AL G IN MAR

CHENEY

SUMMIT

STOLP

AINSLEY

SAND

W

WILKINSON

RICHMOND

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INS PK

LIBER TY

E ETT FAY

MO BEL

NT

ARTHUR

G R A C E

E IN B SA

E

EN A

G

PU TN AM

ELLIOTT

MALCO LM

STINARD

WILL

RUSKIN

LAFORTE

BEVERLY

HUBBELL

GORDON

GEDDES

FAIRD ALE

CROSSETT G UN YO

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K PAR GA DA ON ON

TWIN HILLS

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COLVIN COLUMBIA

CHARMOUTH

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ARLINGTON

WELLESLEY

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STRATHMORE

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OP HILLT

DUNDEE

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OVERLOOK

AUSTIN

WINKWORTH

ARCHER

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017

SUMMIT

GRANDVIEW CLAIRMONTE

DUANE

RIDER

MARKLAND

REED

UPLAND

BUNGALOW

GRANT

VIN CAL

Miles

M A SS

ONONDAGA

N TO AL

¯

ELL IOTT

DAVIS

FIT CH

BRADLE Y

LYDELL

ELLIOTT

ARGONNE

0.25

014 ROW LAN D

ROWLAND

MERRIMAN

DU DL EY

FITCH

DE LA WA R

HARTSON

HOEFLER

KANDACE

O ASK VEL

STOLP

HENSBERRY

HERRIMAN

HOLDEN

DEPALMA

FITCH

CADWELL

015

SHONNARD MASSENA

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BELLEVUE

VIEAU

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HUNTINGTON

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GIFFORD

BARRETT

ON NT FE

LOEHR

ETH EL

BARRETT

Y AVER

Y AM

BURNE T PAR K

078

LY TUL

SEYMOUR

Figure 5 - Land Use Data Harbor Brook CSO Sheds

IN

L TRA CEN

011

SALISBURY

S ES RN E V

CA

SCO OTI

MARCELLUS

GE RID LE CO

CSO Sewersheds: 005, 006A, 006, 007, 009, 010, 011, 014, 015, 017, 078

US

E SEN

L CEL MAR

AR IO ONT

N

010

IA NOL MAG

IER ITT WH

009

R BU IL W

CO NS ER VA TI O

NT YA BR

Wild, Forested, Public Parks

TRACY

ON LS NE

Public Services

M TO

A OC AV

Industrial

ON YS NN E T

LL WE LO

Community Service

ER ST UL

DY CO

LE RT MY

Recreation/Entertainment

IS

ER YL HU SC

LL WI

Commercial

007

K EL LO G

Vacant

SY RA CU SE

R LE YS CR

Residential

ON RS

N TO MIL HA

LL WE LO

E EM

Y CA

A UG

PARK

WALL

APPLE

PARK

VAN RENSSELAER

LIBER TY

006A SACKETT

SAINT M ARKS

LA KE VI E

ON LT MI

Parcels

Unknown

E ESE GEN

006

IE ER

CSO Sewersheds

BELDEN

005

EY DEW

EMERSON

ITE WA

AIR EF AT ST

Legend - Harbor Brook

OL HO SC

IE ER

ER

S IAM

A EK EUR

LL WI

E TT

IM RK HE

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WI LE

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IS AR PH

S ES

OK AD OW BR O

ME AD OW BR O

CR AW FO RD

CROTON

REN WIC K

WALNUT

WALNUT

UNIVERSITY

CROUSE

81

SMITH

WEISER

TYLER

STEWART

RENWICK

ONEIDA

Residential Vacant

SHERMAN

Commercial

DOD GE

LE WI

ST ON

FAR M ACRE

Industrial

Public Services

Wild, Forested, Public Parks

UM OC SL

LAMBRETH

OK CHINO

LE

GOODRICH

IL SV

THURBER

SMALL

SKYT OP

TRE MO NT

Onondaga Creek

FINEVIE W

PL E

TE M

TOWNSEND

LINDEN

WARREN

SA FE TY

D A G A O N O N

HURON

OK ME

Unknown

ND WESTMORELA

CLIFFSIDE

CROYDEN

SOMERSET

NOTTINGHAM

CUMBERLA ND

TECUMSEH

Community Service ARNOLD

RANDALL

REST HILLC

ND LA ER MB CU

Parcels

BUCKINGHAM

LANCASTER

BISHOP

CUMBERLAND

WESTMORELAND

SOUTH

M OL TH OT SC

N TO US HO

BRO AD

Recreation/Entertainment

RY NURSE

HARRIETTE

RUTH

LORRAINE

ALDEN

BURTEN

ME JA

VINCENT

SHERBOURNE

CSO 077 Sewershed

CO LV IN

VINCENT

SMITH

KENSINGTON

HAFFENDEN

COMSTOCK

ANDOVER

ROBERT

HUGHES

MOORE

BENEDICT

E HOP

HUNT

BISHOP

EK K CRE PAR GA KIRK N DA ONO

CH HAT

TE STA

STER WEB

ORISKANY

Y NE RO TTE LAFAYE

DAKOTA

Legend - Onondaga Creek

YORK

BOISE

PENTA

MCCLURE

FOREST

ON BRIGHT Miles

AMHERST

MICHAELS

BERWYN

NON CAN

MCKINLEY

AL DOUG

K MAR

AND MIDL

HN GLA

k

D WOO KIRK

e re

L EL

R RNE WA

GARFIELD

aC ag S BIS

ELK

MCALLISTER

FELLOWS

WINDSOR

BERKELEY

CIRCLE

LD GARFIE

A

BORDEN

OD WO

ER WARN

MONTANA

SPAID

HERTFORD

E ID

CH EN AU LT

BROAD

H ELIZABET

E FAG

JEROME

ROOSEVELT

LANCASTER

TERRACE

MILES

WESTCOTT

SET DOR

GLASS

DEN BOR

OD NWO FER

ELMHURST

0.25

R TE IN S

STR ATFORD

PU S

81

IN SAL

DON LAN

d on On

YLE ARG

NAN LEN MC

RD BEA

GE HAN CRE

MARYLA ND

LY M

M ST WE

O

ACKERMAN

UN T

SUMNER

LIVINGSTON

OSTRAM

FORESTRY

OAKLAND

RD BEA

ROCKLAND

NG RO ST

OSTROM

COLLEGE

M O

ACORN

ER BAK

D LAR BAL

RN RBO DEA

K KIR

MARGUERITE

STANDART

LENNOX

D WOODLAN

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¯

RAYNOR

Y NED KEN

N MA FUR

YS NN SU

EUCLID

ACORN

ND LA RT CO

CLARKE

CLARENDON

CLARENDON

N LEO

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TLE CAS

ALBERT

VICTORIA

DALE AVON

IRVING

RAYNOR

HARVARD

N

STADIUM

ROSE

VAN BUREN

HENRY

RAYNOR

OXFORD

GAGE

PAVILLION GRAPE

TALLMAN

OAKWOOD

CHESTER Y VE HO

VAN BUREN

DER XAN ALE

BELLEVUE

TOWERS

SO JUD

DELL

ITY TRIN

BURT

MCBRIDE

MONTGOMERY

ON CLINT

LINCOLN CLOVER

TAYLOR

R TAYLO

KI NG

D ALMON

LATIMER

Figure 6 - Land Use Data CSO 077

JAC KSON

WAVERLY

DYER

MARSHALL

TT SCO

NEW

MONROE

SC OT TH OL M

ALLEN

PLE TEM

MONROE

D OO

CHAVEZ

PLE TEM

DAISY

DABLON

WEST

NED LAR

ANGELOU

NW EE GR

SHONNARD

H EC BE

MS ADA

Figure 7 A comparison of level of litter to level of commercial properties

Figure 8 - A comparison of level non-colloidal flushables to level of commercial properties

Figure 9 - A comparison of level of litter to level of residential properties

Figure 10 - A comparison of level of non-colloidal flushables to level of residential properties

BEECH

CHERRY

MAPLE

WALNUT

CHERRY

UNIVERSITY

WALNUT

FERRIS

OK

RENWIC K

FINEV IEW

CROTON

PINE

FORMAN

CD TYLER

WEISER

TE JA H

LINDEN

ND CO RT LA

KENMORE

WIMAN

IRVING

ALMOND

STATE

WARREN

ONEIDA

Onondaga Creek

HURON

BALDWIN

DIA NA

BERGER

IS T ON

COLVIN

JEA N

10-15.00 L TO

BR E

TH 15.01-20 P

>20

Census Tracts (2000) % Poverty

BAL L

GA ME

0-25

AINSLE Y

26-50

FIL LMORE

481

48 1

M CU

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CROUSE

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MCBRIDE

TOWNSEND

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BANK

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BISHOP

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MAY

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REMINGTON

N TO R M O

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SALINA

FRANKLIN

WALTON

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LA

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ROE

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SK Y

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WIN K W

D

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FEL LOW S

N

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81

L

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VI

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45

Litter (%)

THA YER

OS TRA NDER

GS P R IN

CSO Sewersheds

HARRIE TTE

S ME JA

VE

CATHROP

CLA RKE

ANDO VER

RUTH

55 ALD EN

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BROAD

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HAL L

LOR RAINE

H IT N RO

LYNH URST

BEL LE

ROBERT

HU GHES

SM

NT

CALTHRO P

MAT SON

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MC KINLE Y

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Appendix 1A - Stakeholders

Organization Armory Square Association Atlantic States Legal Foundation (ASLF)

Contact Person

Email Address

Tony Ortega

Send email from www.centerstateceo.com

Patrick Sullivan

patrick.sullivan@aslf.org

Samuel Sage

Samuel.Sage@aslf.org

Baltimore Woods, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Nature in the Cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Patty Weiss B.E.A.N. (Becoming Environmentally Keierra Jackson Aware Nationwide)

keierrajackson@gmail.com

Canopy

Carol Simson

simsoncarol@gmail.com

Catholic Charities

Toni Maxwell

tmaxwell@ccoc.us

Citizens Campaign for the Environment

Sarah Eckel

seckel@citizenscampaign.org

CNY Kayak

Kathy Kitt

kathykitt@gmail.com

Conservation Services

Sandra E. Bonanno

sandrabonanno@windstream.net

David Skeval

das546@cornell.edu

Jessi Lyons

jel264@cornell.edu

Sherry Martin

sm674@cornell.edu

Alma Lowry

alowry@hamilton.edu

Thane Joyal

thanejoyal@gmail.com

Bob Graham

bobgraham04@msn.com

Cornell Cooperative Extension

Counsel to Heath Law Office

Creek Rats

Building Address P.O. Box 1025 Syracuse, NY 13201 658 West Onondaga Street Syracuse, NY 13204-3757 658 West Onondaga Street Syracuse, NY 13204 4007 Bishop Hill Rd P.O. Bos 133 Marcellus, NY 13108 PO Box 35816 Syracuse, NY 13235 658 W. Onondaga Street Syracuse, NY 13204 1654 West Onondaga Street Syracuse, NY 13204 466 Westcott Street, 2nd Floor Syracuse, NY 13210 4930 Kasson Road Syracuse, NY 13215 139 Townline Road Fulton, NY 13069 The Atrium Building, 2 Clinton Square, Suite 170 Syracuse, NY 13202 The Atrium Building, 2 Clinton Square, Suite 170 Syracuse, NY 13202 The Atrium Building, 2 Clinton Square, Suite 170 Syracuse, NY 13202 512 Jamesville Ave Syracuse, NY 13210 512 Jamesville Ave Syracuse, NY 13210 208 Dorchester Ave #2A Syracuse, NY 13203

Phone Number

(315) 475-1170 (315) 475-1170 315-673-1350 (315) 256-0644 (315) 558-4918 (315) 424-1800 (315) 472-1339 (315) 492-2207 (315) 598-4063 (315) 424-9485

(315) 424-9485

(315) 424-9485 (315) 475-2559 (315) 474-1772 (315) 396-2944

Organization

Contact Person

Department of Public Works

Pete O'Connor

Downtown Committee

Merika Trier

Dunbar Association

Peter Cardamone

East Genesee Regents Association

Alan Rothchild

Elmwood Park Neighbors Association Larry Rutledge Khris Dodson Environmental Finance Center (EFC) Mark Lichtenstein Fleet Feet

Ed Griffin Chuckie Holstein

FOCUS Greater Syracuse David Reed Forty Below

Email Address

Phone Number

Intersection of Rt. 690 and Midler 315-448-CITY Ave on the Canal Street Extension 572 South Salina St. Syracuse, NY 13202 pcardamone@dunbarassociation.o 1453 South State Street rg Syracuse, NY 13205 817 East Genesee St. Syracuse, NY 13210 109 Elmwood Avenue LarryRutledge70@yahoo.com Syracuse, NY 13207 727 E. Washington Street kdodson@syracusecoe.org Syracuse, NY 13210 219 Maxwell Hall mlichtenstein@syracusecoe.org Syracuse, NY 13244-1090 5800 Bridge St. Syracuse, NY 13057 201 E. Washington Street, Suite focus@ci.syracuse.ny.us 704 Syracuse, NY 13202-1435 201 E. Washington Street, Suite dreed@ci.syracuse.ny.us 704 Syracuse, NY 13202-1435 572 South Salina Syracuse, NY 13202 mail@downtownsyracuse.com

thesilentlady@verizon.net

Friends of Historic Onondaga Lake

Building Address

Diane Brandli

dbdesign@twcny.rr.com

Mark Naef

marknaef@verizon.net

Habitat Gardening CNY

Janet Allen

hg.cny@verizon.net

Honeywell

John McAuliffe

john.mcauliffe@honeywell.com

Interfaith Power & Light

Janna Steig Watkins

stewardship@twcny.rr.com

Greening USA

422-8284 (315) 476-4269 315-475-3717 (315) 471-4780 (315) 443-8818 (315) 443-5678 315-446-1444 (315) 448-8732

(315) 448-8732 315-470-1880

P.O. Box 249 Liverpool, NY 13088-0249 727 E. Washington Street Syracuse, NY 13244 500 South Salina Street Syracuse, NY 13202 401 Parsons Drive Syracuse, NY 13219 301 Plainfield Road Syracuse, NY 13212 8328 Preserve Parkway Manlius, NY 13104

(315) 425-1811 (315) 487-5742 (315) 552-9782 (315) 256-0078

Organization Interfaith Works Izaak Walton League - Central New York Chapter

Jubilee Homes

Contact Person

Email Address

Marcy Bowles

mbowles@interfaithworkscny.org

Conrad Strozik

ctstrozik@windstream.net

Les Monostory

fishbugm5@twcny.rr.com

Desiree Dixie

ddixie@jubilee-homes.com

LaRhonda Ealey

lealey@jubilee-homes.com

Walt Dixie

waltdixie@jubilee-homes.com

Ka-Na-Wa-Ke Canoe and Kayak Club Mike Russell

conruss@verizon.net

King & King

Peter King

design@kingarch.com

Kirk Park Association

Babette Baker, Walter Eland

kirkparkassoc@gmail.com

Local Waterfront Revitalization Program

Ted Brown

tlbrown@syr.edu

Matawon Development Group

Theardis Martino

matawondg@hotmail.com

Meachem Area Park Association

Dorothy Matthews

mapa.dorothym@gmail.com

Museum of Science and Technology (MOST)

Nicole Hulchanski

nhulchanski@most.org

Near Westside Initiative

NOON (Neighbors Of Onondaga Nation) Onondaga Audubon Society

Marten Jacobs

mjacob01@syr.edu

Carole Resnick

caroleresnick@gmail.com

Jack Ramsden

noon@peacecouncil.net

Gerry Smith

goshawk@gisco.net

Building Address 3049 East Genesee Street Syracuse, NY 13224 2582 Pompey Hollow Road Cazenovia, NY 13035 125 Euclid Drive Fayetteville, NY 13066 119 South Avenue Syracuse, NY 13204 119 South Avenue Syracuse, NY 13204 119 South Avenue Syracuse, NY 13204 4166 St. John Drive Syracuse, NY 13204 358 West Jefferson St Syracuse, NY 13202 412 Spencer Street Syracuse, NY 13204 The Warehouse 350 W. Fayette Street Syracuse, NY 13202 2221 S. Salina Street Syracuse, NY 13205 711 W. Seneca Turnpike Syracuse, NY 13207-2624 500 South Franklin Street Syracuse, NY 13202 The Warehouse 350 W. Fayette Street, Suite 405 Syracuse, NY 13244-3050 2013 E. Genesee Street Syracuse, NY 13210 2013 E. Genesee Street Syracuse, NY 13210 PO Box 620 Syracuse, NY 13201

Phone Number (315) 449-3552 (315) 432-6557 (315) 637-6735 (315) 471-2720 (315) 471-2720 (315) 471-2720

315-682-6180 (315) 473-4330 (315) 443-5600 (315) 214-3040 (315) 473-4330 (315) 425-9068

(315) 443-0320

(315) 472-5478 (315) 472-5478 (315) 771-6902

Organization Onondaga Creek Conservation Council

Contact Person

Email Address

Stacey Smith

fishswimfreely@gmail.com

Greg Michel

gmichel@ecoaha.com

Twiggy Billue

twiggybillue@gmail.com

Erica Finch

admin@oei2.org

Barbara Rivette

N/A

Dennis Connors

dennis.connors@cnyhistory.org

Gregg Tripoli

Gregg.Tripoli@cnyhistory.org

Allen Silverstone

silversa@upstate.edu

Becky Corbin

bcorbin@aeccgroup.com

Bill Davern

wdavern@twcny.rr.com

Cara Burton

cburton@onlib.org

Frank Moses

fmoses@audubon.org

Hugh Kimball

contlr14@aol.com

Jack Ramsden

Ramskids2go@aol.com

Jeff Freedman

freedmaj@upstate.edu

Jim McMahon

jim@mcmahon.net

Kathy MacRae

kthymacrae@aol.com

Les Monostory

fishbugm5@twcny.rr.com

Mark Boorady

mboorady@gesonline.com

Onondaga Earth Corps (OEC)

Onondaga Environmental Institute

Onondaga Historical Association

Onondaga Historical Association

Onondaga Lake Community Participation Working Group (CPWG)

Building Address 216 Miles Avenue Syracuse, NY 13210 102 W. Division Street, 3rd Floor Syracuse, NY 13204 102 W. Division Street, 3rd Floor Syracuse, NY 13204 102 W. Division Street, 3rd Floor Syracuse, NY 13204 8794 Route 5 Chittenango, NY 13037 321 Montgomery Street Syracuse, NY 13202 321 Montgomery Street Syracuse, NY 13202 3764 Pegasus Circle Syracuse, NY 13209 8315 White Cedar Circle Liverpool, NY 13090 110 East Kimberly Drive Syracuse, NY 13219 615 Woods Road Solvay, NY 13209 2295 Route 89 Savannah, NY 13146 8223 Dexter Parkway Baldwinsville, NY 13027 1904 W. Colvin Street Syracuse, NY 13207-1637 205 Barrington Rd Syracuse, NY 13214 7 Braniff Drive Camillus, NY 13031 6622 Van Buren Rd Warners, NY 13164 125 Euclid Drive Fayetteville, NY 13066 4147 Steppingston Lane Liverpool, NY 13030

Phone Number (315) 470-0778 (315) 481-7470 (315) 395-2644 (315) 472-2150 (315) 687-9334 (315) 428-1864 (315) 428-1864 ext. 311 (315) 727-1614 (800) 426-4262 (315) 488-6990 (315) 468-2441 (315) 365-3580 (315) 635-3675 (315) 424-1454 (315) 446-6329 (315) 488-3721 (315) 382-1586 (315) 637-6735 (315) 374-6314

Organization

Contact Person

Onondaga Lake Community Nancy Bronstein Participation Working Group (CPWG)

Email Address nanb@twcny.rr.com

Roger Pisarek

pisarekr@aol.com

Steve Germano

stevengermano@verizon.net

Onondaga Shoreline Heritage Restoration

Lloyd Withers

lwithers@padmaker.com

Park Associations

Baye Muhammad Aggie Lane

aggielane@verizon.net

Lionel Logan

lrlo314@gmail.com

Post Standard/Sean Kirst

Sean Kirst

skirst@syracuse.com

Save the Rain List Serve

Khris Dodson

kdodson@syracusecoe.org

Sierra Club - Iroquois Group

Martha Loew

Partnership for Onondaga Creek

Spanish Action League of Onondaga County Spirituality and Nature Center at Alverna Heights St. Lucy's Church Environmental Committee Sunnycrest Park Association/Parks Conservancy Syracuse Center of Excellence in Environmental & Energy Systems

Shannon Ryan Sister Margaret Patrick Fay Dick Cooney Mike Behnke Ed Bogucz Mable Wilson

Syracuse Grows

Syracuse Parks Conservancy Syracuse Peace Council

Andy Mager

Building Address 2710 East Genesee Street Syracuse, NY 13224 1000 Grassy Hill Lane Camillus, NY 13031 714 State Fair Boulevard Geddes, NY 13209 405 Bradford Parkway Syracuse, NY 13224-1801 412 Spencer Street Syracuse, NY 13204 340 Midland Ave Syracuse, NY 13202 126 Grace Street Syracuse, NY 13204

727 East Washington Street Syracuse, NY 13210 6057 E. Seneca Turnpike mloew@twcny.rr.com Jamesville, NY 13078 700 Oswego Street execassist@laligaupstateny.org Syracuse, NY 13204 7770 Green Lakes Road smpfay@verizon.net Fayetteville, NY 13066 432 Gifford Street cooneyky@yahoo.com Syracuse, NY 13204 412 Spencer Street sunnycrestparks@aol.com Syracuse, NY 13204 Syracuse University bogucz@syr.edu 373 Link Hall Syracuse, NY 13244 144 Eggers Hall mwilson62@twcny.rr.com Syracuse, NY 13244 144 Eggers Hall syracusegrows@gmail.com Syracuse, NY 13244 Syracuseparksconsrvancy.org/cont 212 Melrose Ave Syracuse, NY act-us 13206 2013 E. Genesee Street andy@peacecouncil.net Syracuse, NY 13203

Phone Number (315) 445-1637 (315) 672-5610 (315) 487-9575 (315) 472-9118 315-473-4330 (315) 478-4571 (315) 395-3103 315-470-6397 (315) 443-8818 (315) 492-4745 (315) 475-6153 (315) 637-9334 (315) 475-7273 (315) 473-4330 (315) 443-4815 (315) 443-4890 (315) 443-4890

(315) 472-5478

Organization

Contact Person

Email Address

Syracuse TNT (Tomorrow's Neighborhoods Today)

Luke Dougherty

ldougherty@ci.syracuse.ny.us

Syracuse United Neighbors

Mercedes Bloodworth

sksblam@yahoo.com

Thornden Park Assoc

Miranda Hine

miranda@twcny.rr.com

University Neighborhood Preservation Rebecca Shaffer Mannion Association

director@unpa.net

Westcott Community Center

Jennifer W.

jenniferw@westcottcc.org

Wildfowlers Association of CNY

John Fraser

neigefraser@aol.com

YWCA Syracuse & Onondaga County

ywcaadmin@cnymail.com

Building Address 201 E. Washington Street Syracuse, NY 13202 1540 South Salina Street Syracuse, NY 13205 301 Clarendon Street Syracuse, NY 13210 230 Westminster Ave Syracuse NY 13210 826 Euclid Ave Syracuse, NY 13210 PO Box 241 N. Syracuse, NY 13212 340 Montgomery Street Syracuse, NY 13202

Phone Number (315) 448-8173 (315) 476-7475 (315) 478-5164 (315) 476-5228 (315) 478-8634 (315) 689-3121 (315) 474-6851

Appendix 1B - City of Syracuse Officials City of Syracuse Contacts 233 E. Washington Street Syracuse, NY 13202-1473 412 Spencer Street Syracuse, NY 13204 109 South Warren Street State Tower Building, Suite 1900

Andrew Maxwell

amaxwell@ci.syracuse.ny.us

Baye Muhammad

bmuhammad@ci.syracuse.ny.us

Ben Walsh

bwalsh@ci.syracuse.ny.us

Glen Lewis

glewis@ci.syracuse.ny.us

412 Spencer Street Syracuse, NY 13204

(315) 473-4330 ext.3024

Lindsay Spiecher

lspiecher@ci.syracuse.ny.us

203 City Hall Syracuse, NY13202

(313) 448-8005

Luke Dougherty

ldougherty@ci.syracuse.ny.us

233 E. Washington Street Syracuse, NY 13202-1473

(315) 448-8005

233 E. Washington Street Syracuse, NY 13202

(315) 448-4741

Rebecca Klossner rklossner@ci.syracuse.ny.us

(315) 448-8005 (315) 473-4330 (315) 448-8028

Sharon Owens

sowens@ci.syracuse.ny.us

City Hall Commons - 6th Floor 201 E. Washington Street Syracuse, NY 13202

(315) 448-8100

Vince Esposito

vesposito@ci.syracuse.ny.us

1200 Canal Street Extension Syracuse, NY 13210

(315) 448-8553

Yasmin Guevara

yguevara@ci.syracuse.ny.us

233 E. Washington Street Syracuse, NY 13202

(315) 448-8398

Appendix 2A - Parks

Parks and Recreation

Parcel Owner Name

Address

Study Area

CSO

Basin

Contact

City of Syracuse City of Syr Parks-PULAWSK City of Syr Parks-FRAZER City of Syr Parks-BURNET City of Syr Parks-Grace&Messina City of Syr Parks-Onondaga/Geddes Playlot City of Syracuse

1423 GENESEE ST W & PARK AVE 934 PARK AVE TO GENESEE ST W 801-843 PARK AVE TO RICHMOND AVE 520 WILBUR AVE S & COLERIDE A 200 GRACE ST & MASSENA ST 1233-43 ONONDAGA ST W & GEDDES ST 200 BRADLEY ST & ELLIOTT ST &

Harbor Brook Harbor Brook Harbor Brook Harbor Brook Harbor Brook Harbor Brook Harbor Brook

006 006 007 009 014 014 014

Harbor Brook Harbor Brook Harbor Brook Harbor Brook Harbor Brook Harbor Brook Harbor Brook

City of Syracuse City of Syracuse City of Syracuse City of Syracuse City of Syracuse

Bellevue Country Club Inc

********** VELASKO RD

Harbor Brook

078

Harbor Brook

Bradley R. Blair

Bellevue Country Club Inc

1901 GLENWOOD AVE TO WINKWORTH

Harbor Brook

078

Harbor Brook

Bradley R. Blair

City of Syr Parks-ORMOND City of Syracuse-Hanover Sq Syr Urban Renewal Agency-Perseverance City of Syr Parks-PITTS City of Syr Park-FIREFIGHTERS Syracuse YMCA City of Syracuse City of Syracuse-Elmwood Elem City of Syracuse-Elmwood Elem City of Syr Parks-ELMWOOD City of Syracuse-Elmwood City of Syracuse-Elmwood City of Syr Parks-ONONDAGA City of Syr Parks-KIRK City of Syr Parks-MCKINLEY City of Syr Parks-COMFORT City of Syr Parks-THORDEN City of Syracuse-Westminster

1100-34 WATER ST E & UNIVERSITY A 100 WATER ST E & WARREN ST S 216-26 SALINA ST S & FAYETTE ST 257 WATER ST E & MONTGOMERY S 301 STATE ST S & FAYETTE ST E 340 MONTGOMERY ST ********** GLENFIELD DR OFF 201-11 CLYDE AVE & HILLVIEW AVE 810 BRIGHTON AVE W & CLYDE AV 114 ELMWOOD AVE & FLETCHER AV 135-39 GLENWOOD AVE & CRADDOCK S 201 LAKE ST & CRADDOCK ST TO 604 ONONDAGA AVE TO ROBERT AV 1216 MIDLAND AVE & BEARD AVE W 351 NEWELL ST W TO KENMORE AV 1212-44 COLVIN ST E & COMSTOCK AV 501 OSTROM AVE 730-36 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

027 027 027 027 027 027 052 052 052 052 052 052 052 060 067 077 077 077

Clinton/Lower MIS Clinton/Lower MIS Clinton/Lower MIS Clinton/Lower MIS Clinton/Lower MIS Clinton/Lower MIS Midland RTF Midland RTF Midland RTF Midland RTF Midland RTF Midland RTF Midland RTF Midland RTF Midland RTF Midland RTF Midland RTF Midland RTF

City of Syracuse City of Syracuse

Phone (315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330

(315) 475-5151 ext. 11 (315) 475-5151 ext. 11 (315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330

City of Syracuse City of Syracuse

(315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330 (315) 474-6851

City of Syracuse City of Syracuse City of Syracuse City of Syracuse City of Syracuse City of Syracuse City of Syracuse City of Syracuse City of Syracuse

(315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330 (315) 473-4330

Appendix 2B - TNTs TNT Downtown Eastside Southside Valley Westside

CSOs 29 77 14 76 6

27 76 15 67 5

78

52

61

60

17

78

14

006A

7

9

10

11

17

15

77

Appendix 2C - Religious Organizations

Religious

Parcel Owner Name

Address

Study Area

CSO

Basin

Basilica Sacred Heart of Jesus

927-35 PARK AVE & LAKEVIEW AVE &

Harbor Brook

006

Harbor Brook

St Stephen's Church

301 GEDDES ST N & WILKINSON S

Harbor Brook

007

Harbor Brook

Contact Rev. Andrew E. Baranski

Phone (315) 422-2343 (315) 422-5224

Society of St Pius

302 GEDDES ST N & WILKINSON S

Harbor Brook

007

Harbor Brook

Stephen Stanich

(315) 422-8127

St Paul's Armenian Apostolic

645 PARK AVE & GEDDES ST N

Harbor Brook

007

Harbor Brook

Father Daniel Karadjian

(315) 422-9047

Christian Assembly Church

1210 GEDDES ST S

Harbor Brook

014

Harbor Brook

(315) 476-3391

Bellevue Heights United Methodist

2112 GEDDES ST S

Harbor Brook

014

Harbor Brook

Patience Kisakye

(315) 475-0011

Brown Memorial United Methodist Church

228 DAVIS ST

Harbor Brook

014

Harbor Brook

Marti Swords-Horrell

(315) 478-5074

Syracuse Hispanic Seventh-day Adventist Church

341-43 DELAWARE ST & DUDLEY ST

Harbor Brook

014

Harbor Brook

(315) 425-8060

New Beginnings Unity MBC

588-92 DELAWARE ST & DAVIS ST

Harbor Brook

014

Harbor Brook

(315) 476-4655

Refuge Temple-Christ

900 ONONDAGA ST W & FITCH ST

Harbor Brook

014

Harbor Brook

(315) 424-0033

St Paul's Cathedral

300-10 MONTGOMERY ST & FAYETTE S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Gladstone B. "Skip" Adams III

(315) 474-6053

Park Central Presbyterian

301 TOWNSEND ST S & FAYETTE S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

J. Andrew McTyre

(315) 475-1677

People's AME Zion (Abandoned)

711 FAYETTE ST E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

church of Christ

1327 COLVIN ST W TO MAY AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

052

Midland RTF

Bill McCaffery

(315) 422-4499

Elmwood Presbyterian

1632-40 SOUTH AVE & HILLVIEW AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

052

Midland RTF

Rev. Howard Rose

(315) 478-0951

Patience Kisakye

Bellevue Heights United Methodist

2112 GEDDES ST S

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

052

Midland RTF

Payton's Temple

1816-22 MIDLAND AVE TO WARNER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

060

Midland RTF

Pilgrim Holiness Church

310 HATCH ST & ELMHURST AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

060

Midland RTF

Rev. John Peabody Jr.

(315) 475-2200

Rev. Larry Snyder

(315) 475-8316

Catholic Charities

102-16 EDMUND AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

067

Midland RTF

Prince Hall Masonic Temple

173 BRIGHTON AVE W

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

076

Midland RTF

Victory Temple Fellowship Church

124 ALDEN ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

076

Midland RTF

(315) 475-0011 (315) 214-8893

(315) 478-9667 Pastor H. Bernard Alex

(315) 474-4213

Victory Temple Fellowship Church

124 ALDEN ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Pastor H. Bernard Alex

(315) 474-4213

Christian Family Church of God in Christ

129 MCKINLEY AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Apostle Willie K. Mitchell

(315) 299-4455

Fr. Robert Chryst

St Anthony of Padua

1515 MIDLAND AVE & COLVIN ST W

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Bethlehem Temple Church

1901-07 STATE ST S & ELIZABETH ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

South Presbyterian Church

2110-12 SALINA ST S & COLVIN ST W

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Rev. William L. Coop Pastor Daren C. Jaime

(315) 475-4114 (315) 425-9267 (315) 478-2105

People's AME Zion

2306 SALINA ST S

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Crossroads church of God-Faith

2338 SALINA ST S

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 423-9356

Antioch Baptist Church

400-06 GARFIELD AVE & ELIZABETH

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints

801-31 COLVIN ST E & JAMESVILLE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 472-7619 (315) 472-3292 (315) 455-6255

Islamic Society of CNY

923-27 COMSTOCK AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Mir Hussaini

(315) 472-1198

(315) 471-3645

Appendix 3A - Restaurants

Restaurants and Bars

Parcel Owner Name

Address

Study Area

CSO

Basin

Contact

Phone

Joseph Gorgoni

100 LANDMARK PL & TOWNSEND ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Joseph's at the Carriage House

(315) 422-3194

Gridley Place LLC

101-13 WATER ST E & SALINA ST S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Prime Steak at the Gridley

(315) 299-8047

122 East LLC

122-26 GENESEE ST E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Anthony's Pasta Bar

(315) 422-4669

Hanover Square Lofts LLC

125-31 WATER ST E TO ERIE BLVD E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Bull & Bear Pub

(315) 701-3064

Hanover Square Lofts LLC

134-36 GENESEE ST E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

World Lounge & Martini Bar

(315) 422-3404

Spinaristu LLC

135 WATER ST E & WARREN ST S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Nikos

(315) 475-7000 (315) 477-9898 (315) 425-0234

The Railroad Street

201 SALINA ST S & WASHINGTON

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Wise Guys

Pemco Montgomery St LLC

217 MONTGOMERY ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

City Hall Café

Michael Longstreet

317 MONTGOMERY ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Parisa

(315) 565-5118

719 East Genesee St LLC

719 GENESEE ST E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Strong Hearts Café

(315) 478-0000

MDF Property Holdings L

115 FAYETTE ST W

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Migusa LLC

120-24 WALTON ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Tropix Empire Brewing Co

(315) 475-2337

(315) 423-8733

Migusa LLC

120-24 WALTON ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Bounce

(315) 422-4848

Robert P Doucette

134 WALTON ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Limerick Pub

(315) 475-1819

Armory Art Associates

212-14 WALTON ST TO FAYETTE ST W

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

(315) 472-0844 (315) 475-0117

Ham Kang LLC

215 WALTON ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Movino Sakanaya

Ham Kang LLC

215 WALTON ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Dante

(315) 479-9383 (315) 472-3475

216 Walton LLC

216 WALTON ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Provisions Bakery

Migusa LLC

229-37 FAYETTE ST W

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Goodfella's Pizzeria Mulrooney's bc Restaurant

(315) 701-0636

Kitty Hoynes Irish Pub Pastabilities

(315) 474-1153

Seneca Buildins Limited

239-45 FAYETTE ST W TO WALTON ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Hogan Blk Real Estate LLC

247-59 FAYETTE ST W & FRANKLIN S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Crown Building LLC

301-07 FAYETTE ST W & FRANKLIN S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Cudette LLC

309-15 FRANKLIN ST S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

(315) 479-6163 (315) 424-1974

Eric M Alderman

311 FAYETTE ST W

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Trio

(315) 423-3330

Salt City Properties LLC

315-19 CLINTON ST S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Happy Endings

(315) 475-1853

Qualia Black Olive

(315) 399-5599

Zoo Station Syracuse Suds Factory

(315) 471-2253

Salt City Properties LLC

315-19 CLINTON ST S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

316 Clinton LLC

316 CLINTON ST S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Nasbo LLC

317 FAYETTE ST W

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Marion LLC

320 CLINTON ST S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

(315) 703-1632 (315) 478-4520

Doug 31 INC

321 FAYETTE ST W

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Clinton Street Pub

(315) 424-1187

DCT Prop Holding LLC

321-25 CLINTON ST S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Al's Wine & Whiskey Lounge

(315) 703-4773

400 S Clinton LLC

400 CLINTON ST S & WALTON ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

406 Club

(315) 423-7072

Walton Street Corp

402 FRANKLIN ST S & JEFFERSON

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Ambrosia

(315) 426-8800

Melanie Taylor

410-14 CLINTON ST S TO WALTON ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Daisy Dukes

(315) 465-1600

Melanie Taylor

410-14 CLINTON ST S TO WALTON ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Tailgators

(315) 234-2098

Melanie Taylor

410-14 CLINTON ST S TO WALTON ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Phantom Club

(315) 475-1979

Kokomo'r Bar & Grill

(315) 472-0903

Anna Young

415-17 CLINTON ST S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

George Politis

407 CLINTON ST S REAR

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

Appendix 3A - Restaurants Parcel Owner Name

Address

Study Area

CSO

Basin

Contact

Phone

WL LLC

215-23 SALINA ST S & FAYETTE ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Adelphia Deli

(315) 472-3403

262-64 E Water St Dine

258 WATER ST E & MONTGOMERY S

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

JJ's Miss Syracuse Diner

(315) 471-1500

William Theodore

318 FAYETTE ST E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Shenanigan's

(315) 422-9292

William Theodore

318 FAYETTE ST E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

The Burgundy Lounge

(315) 422-9292

William Theodore

318 FAYETTE ST E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Shell & Bone Bar & Grill

(315) 479-9799

Uzam Sheikh

415 WASHINGTON ST E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Taste of Athens

(315) 422-8920

Appendix 3B - Hotels

Inns, Lodges, Boarding and Rooming Houses, Tourism

Accomodations

Hotels

Parcel Owner Name

Address

Study Area

CSO

Basin

Contact

Phone

Jefferson Clinton Hotel

416-30 CLINTON ST S & JEFFERSON

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

029

Clinton/Lower MIS

The Clarion Hotel

701-05 GENESEE ST E & ALMOND ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Crowne Plaza Syracuse

(315) 425-0500 (315) 479-7000

Genesee Inn LLC

713-15 GENESEE ST E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

The ParkView Hotel

(315) 701-2600

Elizabeth Bischoff

112 ANNETTA ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

052

Midland RTF

Syracuse Urban Renewal Agency

139 DELAWARE ST

Harbor Brook

014

Harbor Brook

DePalmer House

(315) 475-1544

New York State

1709 GEDDES ST S & STOLP AVE

Harbor Brook

014

Harbor Brook

Geddes Development Center

(315) 471-0062

Treehouse Investment LLC

325 LIBERTY ST

Harbor Brook

005

Harbor Brook

Kevin Sheehan

1014 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Eric D. Johnson

1024 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Rek Enterprises LLC

1033 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Norman R. Jemal

1046 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Norman R. Jemal

1048 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Golda Zimmerman

1054 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Mei Li Chang

1061 LANCASTER AVE & BROAD ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Orange Apt Investors LLC

118 CLARENDON ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

1330 Ave of Americas

Goldia Crick

125 CLARENDON ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

David Kapell

William A. Osuchowski

126 STRATFORD ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

709 Ackerman Ave LLC

131 CLARENDON ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

828 Sumner Ave LLC

137 CLARENDON ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

211 Clarendon Street LLC

211 CLARENDON ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

214 Clarendon Street, LLC

214 CLARENDON ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

415 Stratford St LLC

219 CLARENDON ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Paul F. Williams

227 CLARENDON ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

229 Clarendon Inc

229 CLARENDON ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Circle of Hope Inc

2500 SALINA ST S

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

William A. Osuchowski

302-14 EUCLID AVE & OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Douglas G. Drumm

305 STRATFORD ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

William A. Osuchowski

318 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Syracuse University

401 EUCLID AVE & LIVINGSTON A

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Carl Kempf

408 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Andea Bucci

416 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Thomas Kirby

418 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Edward Glassberg

501 EUCLID AVE & SUMNER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Robert Butt Daniel J. Swanberry

506 EUCLID AVE 507 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077 077

Midland RTF Midland RTF

David Kapell

Circle of Hope

(315) 475-2128

SU Lyons Hall

(315) 443-2978

Appendix 3B - Hotels

Inns, Lodges, Boarding and Rooming Houses, Tourism

Parcel Owner Name

Address

Study Area

CSO

Basin

Contact

Phone

Euclid Inc

511 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Kevin J. Sheehan

614 ACKERMAN AVE & CLARENDON

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

University Area Apts

(315) 479-5005

Euclid Inc

614 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Rivendell Associates

700 SUMNER AVE & CLARENDON ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

University Area Apts

(315) 479-5005

Midland RTF

David Kapell

Bonnie M Seemann LLC

702 LIVINGSTON AVE & CLARENDO

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Norman E. Roth

706 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

FRSL Associates LLC

706 LIVINGSTON AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

TRI-PRO Management Group LLC

708 SUMNER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Avon Inc.

712 SUMNER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

University Area Apts

(315) 479-5005

Avon Inc.

716 SUMNER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

University Area Apts

(315) 479-5005

D Michael Seeman LLC

718 LIVINGSTON AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

SIG EP Housing NY

721 COMSTOCK AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Gerald A. Ferro

721 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Gerald A. Ferro

725 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Kriteman Family Revocable Trust

726 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Syracuse University

726 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Syracuse Association Of ZETA PSI

727 COMSTOCK AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Arthur Geiger

728 SUMNER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Bonnie M Seemann LLC

729 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Bonnie M Seemann LLC

730 LIVINGSTON AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Orange Residential Property LLC

731 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

HOSEIN SHYMOON

731-33 LIVINGSTON AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Sigma Phi Epsilon NY Chapter

Attn: James Gasier

New York State

733-35 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

735 Ostrom LLC

735 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Syr Developmental Center

Bonnie M Seeman LLC

736 LIVINGSTON AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Metropolitan Syracuse

737 COMSTOCK AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Richard L. Chiang

737 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

739 Ostrom LLC

739 OSTROM AVE & CLARENDON ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Kriteman Family Revocable Trust

741 EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

741 Livingston Avenue LLC

741 LIVINGSTON AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Syracuse Comstock Property INC

747 COMSTOCK AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Attn: Sara Alexander

Syrstock House Corp

751 COMSTOCK AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Attn: Squadrito

FRSL ASSOCIATES LLC

763 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

ALPHA XI DELTA ASSN

764 COMSTOCK AVE & EUCLID AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

767 Ostrom LLC

767 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

James H Medcraf

777 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

James H Medcraf

781 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Thomas O Hornstein Avon Inc.

811 ACKERMAN AVE 814 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077 077

Midland RTF Midland RTF

Attn: Carmen Mcwillia

C/O Horn Companies LLC

Appendix 3B - Hotels

Inns, Lodges, Boarding and Rooming Houses, Tourism

Parcel Owner Name

Address

Study Area

CSO

Basin

Allen C Krumm

818 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

FRSL ASSOCIATES LLC

818 OSTROM AVE TO OSTROM ALLE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Judith W Williams

819 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Kevin M Daly

823 SUMNER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Judith W Williams

829 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

John O Williams

829 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Michael Drury

830 OSTROM AVE TO OSTROM ALLE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Susan Rose Henderson

831 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

William A. Osuchowski

831 LIVINGSTON AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Judith W Williams

836 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

John O Williams

839 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Dennis C Wang

841 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Edward Glassberg

843 SUMNER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Patrick J. Riccardi

845 LIVINGSTON AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

John O Williams

845 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Frederic W Jackson

848 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Joseph Tupper

849 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Kevin J. Mahoney

851 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Timothy J Hungerford

852 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Rek Enterprises LLC

855 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Kevin J. Mahoney

855 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Joseph Tupper

855 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Spenman Inc.

858 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

William A. Osuchowski

860 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Contact

John O Williams

RO Associates Richard Kelso

C/O Norman Traino

Catamount Property LLC

860 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

International Assembly

860 OSTROM AVE TO OSTROM ALLE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Joseph Tupper

861 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

William A. Osuchowski

862 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Koshy Trust

862 OSTROM AVE TO OSTROM ALLE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

C/O T.E & Indira Koshy

Norman Traino

863 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

University Sta

Nancy TR Inc.

865 SUMNER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

William A. Osuchowski

866 LIVINGSTON AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Wistful Vista Homes LLC

867 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Schayes Family Ltd Partners

868 SUMNER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Sprock Inc

874 ACKERMAN AVE & STRATFORD

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Douglas G. Drumm

901 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Brian Carolla

905 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Michael J. Maloney WPNY 909 Comstock, LLC

908 LANCASTER AVE 909 COMSTOCK AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077 077

Midland RTF Midland RTF

Phone

Appendix 3B - Hotels

Inns, Lodges, Boarding and Rooming Houses, Tourism

Parcel Owner Name

Address

Study Area

CSO

Basin

TRI-PRO Management Group LLC

910 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Jay Perini

912 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

William A. Osuchowski

913 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Michael Albanese

913 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

William A. Osuchowski

914 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Norman E. Roth

917 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

TRI PRO Management LLC

919 LANCASTER AVE & BUCKINGHA

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

932 Ackerman Ltd

920 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Deborah J. Gwynn

929 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

932 Ackerman Ltd

932 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Timothy J Hungerford

938 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Brian Morris

941 COMSTOCK AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

David M Rezak

943 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Arthur Geiger

946 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Stampede VI LLC

948 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

FASSETT GRIFFIS

956 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Gerard Lapointe

959 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Joseph L Cecile

960 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Norman E. Roth

960 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Stephen J. Rook

963 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Stampede II LLC

963 LANCASTER AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Jake & Buck LLC Angelique Mango

966 LANCASTER AVE 967 ACKERMAN AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077 077

Midland RTF Midland RTF

Contact

Phone

Appendix 4 - Schools

Special Schools and Institutions

Schools

Colleges & Universities

Parcel Owner Name

Address

Study Area

CSO

Basin

Contact

Phone

Syracuse University

727 WASHINGTON ST E TO WATER

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

(315) 443-1870

Syracuse University

100 EUCLID AVE & COMSTOCK AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 443-1870

Syracuse University

100 UNIVERSITY PL & COLLEGE P

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 443-1870

Syracuse University

123 COLLEGE PL TO COMSTOCK AV

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 443-1870

Syracuse University

1301 COLVIN ST E & COMSTOCK AV

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 443-1870

Syracuse University

201 EUCLID AVE & COMSTOCK AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 443-1870

Syracuse University

230 EUCLID AVE & OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 443-1870

Syracuse University

301 EUCLID AVE & OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 443-1870

Syracuse University

732 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 443-1870

Syracuse University

744 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 443-1870

Syracuse University

750 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 443-1870

Syracuse University

754 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 443-1870

Syracuse University

760 OSTROM AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

(315) 443-1870

005,006 006A, 007, 009, 010 005,006 006A, 007 005,006 006A, 007, 009, 010, 015, 014

Harbor Brook

Syracuse Academy of Science

1001 PARK AVE & LAKEVIEW AVE

Harbor Brook

Frazer K-8 School

741 PARK AVE & WALL ST

Harbor Brook

Fowler High School

316-518 GEDDES ST S & SEYMOUR ST

Harbor Brook

Shea Elementary School

1607 GEDDES ST S & GRANT AVE

Harbor Brook

014, 015

Harbor Brook

Bellevue Elementary School

534 STOLP AVE & ROBERTS AVE T

Harbor Brook

014, 015, 017

Harbor Brook

Delaware Academy School

940 GEDDES ST S & DELAWARE ST

Harbor Brook

014, 015, 017

Harbor Brook

Syracuse Renaissance Academy

335 MONTGOMERY ST & JEFFERSON

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

Elmwood School

1728 SOUTH AVE & HILLVIEW AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

052, 060, 061

Midland RTF

Roberts K-8 School

815 GLENWOOD AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

052

Midland RTF

Janet Kimatian

(315) 435-4635

Ed Smith

1106 LANCASTER AVE & BROAD ST

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Sam Barber

(315) 435-4650

Hughes Middle School

345-55 JAMESVILLE AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077, 076

Midland RTF

Theresa Haley

(315) 435-4404

St Anthony's School

411 COLVIN ST W

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077, 060, 061

Midland RTF

Fr. Robert Chryst

(315) 475-4114

NYS ARC Onondaga County Chapter

600 WILBUR AVE S

Harbor Brook

009

Harbor Brook

Stanfort Perry

(315) 476-7441 ext. 1125

McMahon-Ryan Child Advocacy Center

601 GENESEE ST E & MCBRIDE ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Julie Cecile

(315) 701-2985

027, 029

Harbor Brook

Harbor Brook

(315) 428-8997 Eva Williams

(315) 435-4555

James Palumbo

(315) 435-4376

Dare Dutter

(315) 435-4097

Joanne Harlow

(315) 435-4520

Milagros Escalera

(315) 435-4540

Clinton/Lower MIS

(315) 435-4860 (315) 435-4545

Appendix 5 - Useful contact information for people at local academic institutions that could help facilitate outreach efforts

Institution

Department/Student Organization

Contact Person Dr. Drummer-Francis-Faculty Advisor SUNY-ESF Boabab Society Community Service and Service Learning Liz Mix Environmental and Forest BiologyEnvironmental interpretation program Beth Folta Green Campus Initiative Emily Bielejec Renewable Energy Systems Mike Kelleher* Student Affairs Laura Crandall Syracuse UniversityEco-Reps Student Organization Zach Goldberg-Current President Residentail Life Terra Peckskamp Samantha Marie Hinz-Current President SU USGC Sustainability Division of Academic Affairs Melissa Cadwell Lemoyne Student Development Deborah Melzer *Writes sustainability page included in Freshman orientation packets

Phone Number Email

315-470-4909 315-470-4938

baobabsociety@yahoo.com lmix@esf.edu

315-443-3637

efolta@esf.edu erbielej@syr.edu mkellehe@esf.edu ldcranda@esf.edu zrgoldbe@syr.edu tlpecksk@syr.edu

315-443-9669 315-445-4525

smhinz@syr.edu macadwell@syr.edu studentdevelopment@lemoyne.edu

315-470-4934 315-470-4867

Appendix 6 - Misc

YMCA's, Other YWCA's, Educational etc.

Facilities

Libraries

Cultural Facility

Benevolent and Moral Associations

All other Health Facilities

Homes for the Aged

Parcel Owner Name

Address

Study Area Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

CSO 027

Basin

Contact

Clinton/Lower MIS

Phone

Syracuse YMCA Senior Citizen Center

330 MONTGOMERY ST

Syracuse Housing Authority

516 BURT ST

(315) 474-6851

Providence House Apartments

1700 ONONDAGA ST W

Harbor Brook

Kalet's Home for Adults

504 DELAWARE ST & SABINE ST

Harbor Brook

014

Harbor Brook

CNY Ronald McDonald House

1027-29 GENESEE ST E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Department of Veteran Affairs

1031-35 FAYETTE ST E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Ukrainian Cultural Center

1317 FAYETTE ST W TO WILBUR AV

Harbor Brook

009

Harbor Brook

Erie Canal Museum

301 WATER ST E & ERIE BLVD E

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Onondaga Historical Association

321-25 MONTGOMERY ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Gregg Tripoli

(315) 428-1864 ext. 311

Mundy Branch Library

1204-06 GEDDES ST S & ROWLAND ST

Harbor Brook

014

Harbor Brook

Janet Park

(315) 435-3797

Beauchamp Branch Library

2115 SALINA ST S & COLVIN ST E

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

077

Midland RTF

Pamela Crane

(315) 435-3395

Simmons Funeral Service

1828 SOUTH AVE & BRIGHTON AVE

Onondaga Creek - Midland Area

052

Midland RTF

Maurice Wightman

(315) 475-5142

Syracuse YMCA

340 MONTGOMERY ST

Onondaga Creek - Downtown Area

027

Clinton/Lower MIS

Cheryl Pusztai

(315) 474-6851

multiple CSOs Harbor Brook 017 (edge)

(315) 471-8427 Diane Kalet Beth Trunfio

(315) 479-7514 (315) 476-1027

(315) 425-4445

(315) 471-0593