ERIC MCMILLAN BIO part 2

The North of England

Chapter

2

Looking back through the long lens of time, by 1980 I had become confident in my own talent, and the revolutionary power of play in shaping society.

W.E.D the creative arm of Disney were impressed by my work and offered me a job working with them on designing an urban inner city attraction. They gave me a grand tour of all their Burbank studios. When I arrived back in my Toronto studio I wrote a letter agreeing to join their design team, but I insisted that I have complete creative control of the project. Marty Skylar at W.E.D was very polite, but declined.

After Sesame Place, I wanted to design, build and operate my own attraction, just like Walt Disney in EPCOT. Art is not only oil and canvas it’s a way of thinking, believing that if presented with a problem, one can design a working solution; this was my thinking in the early nineteen eighties.

In 1980 when we tried to buy Manchester's Central Station and set up our own urban renewal play attraction. Central Station in 1980 was an abandoned magnificent Victorian engineering wonder of glass and iron, sitting at the center of Thatcher's deindustrialized North of England.

I was born into the English industrial working class. By the time I resurfaced in the North of England I had formed a design group in North America with two partners, Rose Duell and Len Rydahl, and we were making fortunes for private capital in the theme park industry, as well as working on various World Fairs. When I returned to the North in the 1980's I saw communities in collapse, the North of England looked like one big falling out party. In the crumbling industrial North of England I saw the possibilities of building social bridges around abandoned structures, an alternative to the urban butchery of cowboy capitalism and inept local bureaucracies.

Mine was a unique perspective; I had grown up part of the English industrial working class and was now returning with all my North American experiences. I also felt a deep debt to the people of the North for shaping the very c l a y of my p e r s o n a l i t y . The citizens of Salford funded my four years at Salford Art School. I still had family there. ______________________________________________________________________________

The North of England___________________________________________________________ Having played successfully in the American investment market, I was able to show a decent return on capital, on each of our Northern inner city projects.

These Northern dreams are the work of many bright and dedicated people; I was just the glue that held it all together for a while.

Unfortunately we were too late to purchase Central Station, six months earlier a deal had been signed with Minister Michael Heseltine of Thatcher's Central Government to rip off its glass roof and replace it with a solid roof that when completed turned this Paxton cathedral of light into a dark, damp, empty, exhibition hall.

Thatcher's de industrialization of the North of England reads like some Central Planning farce.

The man appointed by Thatcher to head the closing of the Manchester Ship Canal was selected for the task because of his knowledge of Antarctic penguins. He hated the North. Every Friday afternoon, leaving the Duke of Bridgewater's mansion, he would take the fast train back to London for a cheery weekend.

There are people in the south of England who view the English North as a wet Siberia.

For cost saving purposes the penguin specialist had originally planned to fill the canal in until it was pointed out that a significant percentage of the communities along the canals thirty seven mile journey to Liverpool would drown. Thatcher refused to have work fed into unionized communities. When the fleet of ocean travelling ships of the Manchester Ship Canal was to be turned into scrap, the Sheffield steel mills were not given the work. The whole fleet was shipped to Spain, broken up, melted down, then shipped b a c k to Liverpool as rusting ingots to stand at the docks edge, monuments to misguided attitudes of the people in the South who crafted the insane plan.

Had it not been for the fabulous wealth of the North Sea oil, I suspect the whole de industrialization would have become nastier. Generally the laid off workers were given generous redundancy settlements, but the ethic of a working community was broken. Hitler bombed the Northern cities but never broke the working communities. But misguided Magi did!

It was during this time I met Howard Goodie the sales agent for Central Station. He was keen on the vision of our project. He introduced me to the head of Manchester Planning and Development, who offered as a consolation prize for our failed Central Station efforts, the abandoned Great Northern Railways Warehouse with its wonderful Victorian facade that ran all the way down Deansgate. ______________________________________________________________________ 2

The Great Northern Railway Goods Wearhouse As a teenage house painter I worked inside that Victorian facade with Ernie Griffiths painting the vast ceiling of Miss Tweed's academy for girls dance school. It was whilst working on a high wooden scaffold I, together with my four inch brush, were eagerly painting the high ceiling, when I heard the outraged scream of Miss Tweed echoing in the empty dance studio: “What creature, what vermin has used the toilet and not flushed it”. It was me. In my family one only flushed solids. I did indeed feel very small and ashamed as I tried to adapt, to the routines and habits, of a different class.

Mark Franklin, the architect on our team, was a real talent on the project. We covered all details, design, construction, operation, and profit. It was a great plan. The Manchester City development people were enthusiastic. __________________________________________________________________________ 3

The Great Northern Railway Goods Warehouse_____________

_____

________________________________________________________________________________ 4

Manchester Ship Canal_______________________________________________________ The Great Northern project unfortunately sank into a quagmire of politics, power and class prejudice, but our work was noticed and the Manchester Ship Canal came into our lives.

The Manchester Ship Canal during this time was being deindustrialized. It was suggested to the management of the Ship Canal that Eric McMillan was the ‘go-to’ genius who could redesign the Canal’s future development.

_________________________________________________________________________________ 5

Manchester Ship Canal_______________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ 6

Manchester Ship Canal_______________________________________________________

We decided to start with a modest proposal. We took Number Nine Dock and employed it as a model of how to begin to rebuild a broken industrial community. The following is the result of our work. __________________________________________________________________________ 7

Manchester Ship Canal_______________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ 8

Manchester Ship Canal_______________________________________________________

The Manchester Ship Canal proposal was a sound and sensible plan. We presented it in detail to the political and civic elite of Manchester and Salford. They were very polite, but never invited us back to be part of the Canal’s future development. There goes the story of the one eyed man being king in the country of the blind. Here, it appears the reverse was the truth.

All the buildings were demolished and shopping centers and houses were built over them and the canal became an open sewer. They destroyed all memories from a great past, memories that could have become the corner stones of a new working community.

As I look back over this time I'm amazed how confident I was with all my English projects, particularly those in the North. It was the ‘can do’ confidence I acquired during my North American working experience. However I did not allow for the games of local power and politics, I was not qualified to deal in political power play.

9

Manchester Ship Canal_______________________________________________________

10

11

Eureka Halifax_________________________________________________________________ It was Jamie Bell of the Ontario Science Center who made me aware of the plans of Vivian Clore (heiress to Charley Clore fortune) to build a children’s interactive museum in London England.

On learning this I wrote to MS Clore, introduced myself, and offered to design the attraction for free if she moved the project into one of the North's inner cities. She agreed to my proposal, and downtown Halifax Yorkshire was selected and Eureka Halifax opened in 1988.

Len and I spent a week in Halifax Yorkshire checking out the existing site and situation. It was a depressing time of Thatcher’s closing down i ndu st r i a l production.

One farce I saw being played out on site in Halifax was a crew of men on a ‘Make Work’ project for the unemployed industrial workers. They paid a crew to first dig up the well laid cobble stones in the railway station's courtyard then the same work crew members were instructed go back to the beginning of the deep trench and fill it all in again. Perhaps such employment was considered an advance on the treadmill. This was in the time of Thatcher's deindustrialization of the North of England.

Halifax Yorkshire for me had the feeling of a wet coffin. In one week Len wore out an umbrella.

Should I ever return to the North of England I would be dead in two winters. Its dampness has zero appeal to me. The people were open, confused, just hanging on during the trauma of Thatcher’s deindustrialization. The only Halifax industry she preserved was the job of making parts for atomic bombs. Halifax was the machine engineering center of England. But not after Mad Maggie had played her fiddle. It became the glue sniffing capital of the world.

If I have a gift, an intuitive guide that casts the occasional creative shadow, it certainly was at work during the development of Eureka Halifax.

Looking back I see this project was my last design dance with my partner Len Rydahl. But what a dance. It was one of the best designs I have worked on. It was an inspired plan everything fitted like some snug fitting solution to a complex problem. I also felt somehow I had honored the memory of my Sheffield grandparents.

12

Eureka Halifax_________________________________________________________________

13

Eureka Halifax_________________________________________________________________

14

Eureka Halifax_________________________________________________________________

We made our Eureka presentation at London's Royal Academy . Vivian Clore was accompanied by an elderly advisor who after we had completed our presentation said ''you should have got this job '' That's when we became aware that Vivian Clore had already given the project to another group. It was a cruel disappointment after all the effort and treasure we invested in the projects development.

But our involvement was not a complete failure. We had the satisfaction of knowing that we had succeeded in persuading MS Clore to build her proposed children's museum in an English Northern inner city.

A burst of steam marks the Earth’s movement through space as the Foucuault Pendulum collides with a crystal crown.

Clock becomes animated and performs every ten minutes. Talking Chairs tell local legends recorded by the old people of Halifax about

15

Israel_________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________ 16

Space and Science Park__________________________________________________________

The opportunity to design a space and science park came in 1983. By size and budget it's the largest project I have ever designed. Three hundred and eighty acres and six hundred million dollars.

Scott Osborne and I first met at a New Orleans conference on Science and Learning. Around that time I was working on Sesame Place He invited me to visit the Huntsville and present examples of my past work.

Huntsville Alabama was the birthing place of the American space program, it's were Wernher von Braun and his German team engineered the foundations of USA space program.

Following the Germans’ defeat at the end of the Second World War the German engineers were captured and smuggled into the United States, first to Los Alamos in New Mexico, then to the US army’s Redstone arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama. Much of the early space programs advances, such as the Saturn rockets and Skylab were developed in Huntsville. With all the hardware generated by the space research activity, the Alabama Space and Rocket center was born, the world's largest rocket collection.

Following my presentation to the eminent members of the Huntsville community, representatives of the Armed Forces and NASA, I was asked if I were willing to design a plan for the space science park, and how much would be my design fee. In reality I had never done a job of this complexity and scale but without too much thought, I replied "yes” and “one hundred thousand dollars". The Huntsville mayor was a little taken aback by my design fee. But I was hired, and the Alabama Space and Science Exhibit Commission engaged Eric McMillan Inc. to plan the space science park. At that time I had no idea how I was to handle such an enormous challenge, orchestrating the design of a commercially viable space science park, but in the end we produced a jewel of a master plan.

______________________________________________________________________________ 17

Site Plan______________________________________________________________________

How does one whet the appetite for knowledge?

Preparing children for space travel was an interesting challenge. The team that we assembled to address this challenge were all from a creative tribe I had worked with before, Len Rydahl, Martin Liefhebber, Richard Hall, Rose Duell, Wayne Wilson.

The 380-acre site of the Space Science Park contains extensive natural woodland areas and a number of interconnecting key elements that together represent the total Science Park experience: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

Main Entrance Alabama Space and Rocket Center Hotel Complex Camping and Recreational Vehicle Area/North Science Water Park Large Lake Activities Space Camp Dormitory Wildlife Area Botanical Gardens Theatre Forum Community Fitness and Activity Center McMagic Family Play Attraction Picnic Islands in the Woods Camping and Recreational Vehicle Area/South Sports center

In order to ensure a lively and rich visitor experience which takes advantage of the full potential of the existing land mass and adjacent road systems, we have positioned the various elements with a view to maximizing them as attractions in their own right, but also as integral components of the whole Science Park.

18

Space Camp Dormitory___________________________________________________________ One of the first tasks was that The Space Science Park accommodate the children attending its Space Camp Dormitory

19

Space Science Water Park and Space Camp___________________________________________

Entrance water Park

20

Space Science Water Park________________________________________________________

21

Space Science Water Park________________________________________________________

Space Tower Three celebrates the future. Space campers prepare to go into space by working in buoyancy tanks, shuttle simulators and various other training devices.

Earth Garden Green_____________________________________________________________

22

Earth Garden Green_____________________________________________________________

The design team worked wonders on the master plan but in addition developed design details beyond the client’s original request, including a whole range of interactive space oriented experiences. It was a fascinating project to work on and fun to do.

The client was satisfied. The Space Camp was built and the scale model of our master plan for the space science park is on display at the Alabama Space Science Museum in Huntsville Alabama

23

We Must Keep Our Sea Alive ________

________________________________Chapter

3

It was Harry Dunkin and Gordon Stranks who invited me to be part of the team to design and build an exhibition on an old grand banks fishing schooner, the Norma and Gladys. She would then sail to Okinawa to attend The Law of the Sea conference in 1976, where it was agreed to increase a nation’s coastal control from 12 nautical miles to 200 nautical miles.

I certainly have Irish DNA, but have never been to Ireland, but Newfoundland was the closest I got. The music, the drinking, the warmth of the people, the madness of it all. Derm Duggan was our design partner in Newfoundland, the man who wrote and illustrated the top selling Canadian book the "Newfie Joke Book".

24

We Must Keep Our Sea Alive____________________________________________________ There is a legend of there being so many Cod in the Grand Banks “that a fella walks on them”.

John Cabot reports the riches of the Grand Banks and for over four hundred years Newfoundland was an island of fishermen until in 1978, when the Canadian Government with it’s new jurisdiction which included control of the Grand Banks, in the name of conservation bought all the Newfoundlanders fishing licences and stopped them fishing, and then promptly did a deal selling licences to the Russians, Spanish, and Portuguese permitting them to park their massive industrial fishing fleets to suck up all the fish in the Grand Banks. A few years later the Grand Banks, once that world's richest fishery, was depleted.

.

25

Boston Children’s Museum_______________________________________________________ I first visited the Boston Children’s Museum in 1973. It was a museum established by teachers in the Boston Jamaica Plains community in 1905. Until 1968 it had been a traditional museum, glass cases filled with dead artifacts, when Mike Spock (the son of Dr. Spock -Early Childhood Development) was made its director. He then hired the Cambridge Group of Seven to redesign the existing museum. They did a great job, with much interactive experiences.

When I first saw it in operation in 1973 I was inspired.

It was Mike Spock's dream to move the Boston Children's Museum from its comfortable suburban location, to the challenge of Boston's inner city, to engage the inner city children. It was a bold ambitious dream. It was realized when the Children's Museum moved to Boston's waterfront.

We were engaged to develop a commercially viable water attraction for the Children's Museum. Our brief was to capture as much of the Ocean as possible but not to permit the children to come in contact with the water. It was filled with a toxic legacy from Boston's industrial past.

26

Boston Children’s Museum_______________________________________________________

27

Boston Children’s Museum_______________________________________________________

28

Twenty-four Mercer Street________________________________________________________ Twenty four Mercer Street came into my life at a time when we were working on the design of Sesame Place. We were well compensated by CTW and in 1979 had lots of cash. It was Martin Liefhebber who drew my attention to an old, ancient, and decrepit building - 24 Mercer Street. It had a ‘for sale’ sign in one of its broken windows, but this was only to prevent people thinking the building was abandoned.

The owner was patiently holding onto the building for its land value, as the Toronto city center moved back to its historical center. Meanwhile for the owner Morris Kotzer it worked as warehouse to store goods for his novelty goods business. He was in no rush to sell. It was during this time I persuaded Tony Oldland, whose intelligence I admired, to come and work for us at ERIC MCMILLAN INC. I gave Tony the task of changing the mind of Morris Kotzer. It took three months, but Tony, finally succeeded in persuading Morris to sell 24 Mercer Street to us.

An engineer’s report on the state of the building was negative, the building had suffered a fire in the 1930’s, and part of the roof was burnt off and was never replaced. One of the stories on Mercer Street was, ‘You know its spring, when the water is gushing out from beneath the front door of 24 Mercer Street’. It was the winter ice melting inside the building, the result of not fixing the burnt out section of the roof after the 1930 fire. Part of the building roof was open to the elements, for years and years, open to the sky, winter and summer.

It must have been quite a fire, years later one could still see the smoke shadows on the upper brickwork around the windows. The basic structure was intact but all electrical and heating systems dated back to the 1920’s. Despite professional advice, we as a partnership decided to buy 24 Mercer Street. We thought if we fixed the roof and move into the third floor we could slowly fix up the other remaining floors; however we discovered we had to finish all three floors to meet code before moving in.

Our original fix up budget had been $50,000 dollars. When we finally moved in 1980 we had spent $350,000, just bringing the basic building up to date. Respecting the history of the building, we restored its broken 1857 Georgian windows, an amazing restoration job done by pattern maker Gerry McNealy, fresh from working on the Avro Arrow. With all our work completed, the City in 1984 designated 24 Mercer Street an historic building.

It was a treasure trove of energies and memories. It had great karma and became our creative nest for many years. Our lawyer Heather Mitchell also discovered it had a claim to a ‘Right to Ancient Light’ which meant that nobody could cast a permanent shadow on the building. This later provided us with an instrument to try to change the nature of the buildings of the new inner city 29

Twenty-Four Mercer Street________________________________________________________ Working on The Law of The Sea conference in 1976 I became keenly aware of the rapid depletion, not only of our Oceans but all our land resources. With its Right to Ancient Light, 24 Mercer Street presented an opportunity to nudge the developers and Toronto bureaucrats in a direction that moved away from the slash and burn philosophy of our present consumerist society.

30

Ocean Filter Attraction – Liverpool 2008____________________________________________

As a design group we are aware of the climatic changes that are threatening the very existence of our species. The European Community has designated Liverpool as its city of culture for 2008.

Having detail engineering knowledge of the Manchester Ship Canal we proposed, as part of the 2008 celebrations, to redeploy the existing infrastructure of the canal into a series of filtration basins so that when the canal concluded its 37 mile journey into the mouth of the Mersey the water flowing out would be clean and living, a powerful symbolic environmental gesture for the whole European Community.

The concept was not considered; perhaps it was not glamorous Eastham Lock

enough.

So we moved forward and designed The Ocean Filter Attraction. Powered by the sun, water and wind the Ocean Filter Attraction will return clean living water into the ocean, employing existing technology. As an attraction it would rival Niagara Falls, seed new industries and become a symbol of hope in our environmentally troubled times. The central tower is the attraction. The experience would be like walking behind Niagara Falls. The toxins would be removed at the basement level and then reintroduced into an industrial process engineered to the concept of reuse.

Ocean Filter Attraction 31

Ontario Place Pods Proposal______________________________________________________

The March of Environmental Folly

The Anthropocene age has dawned and with it the premature extinction of our species. By the year 2050 The Ocean will contain more plastic by weight than fish.

Yet we could consider an alternative reality where we acknowledge the problem and then seriously act to remedy mistakes from our past and give hope to future generations.

We cannot continue our history of ‘cut and burn’. By employing existing technology to address the environmental problem we might change the story of our species fate.

One possible response to the request for proposals of what to do with the Ontario Place Buildings called ‘Pods’ could be to dismantle them and sell them for scrap. A more powerful idea is to rescue the five pods and redeploy them as a Lake Filter, demonstrating an example for hope in our environmentally challenging times.

32

Lake Filter Attraction____________________________________________________________

The proposal is to create an attraction at Ontario Place which filters the water of Lake Ontario, demonstrating that polluted water can be healed, and that however small the first drops are, accumulated they will make a difference.

By combining an interactive play component with the water filter technology visitors will have fun while improving their awareness of the environmental issues involved. Viewed from afar, the Ontario Place Lake Filter would become a compelling and intriguing tourist attraction, whilst providing a reasonable revenue flow for the team that manages the lease.

33

The Earth is ours – not to consume – but to conserve

_

In 1989 we mailed out a perpetual calendar promoting environmental care.

For the next several generations the condition of our planet’s environment will become the focus of much greater concern than it ever was before in the existence of our species.

Our own generation is already showing signs of an awakening environmental consciousness: We are beginning to recognize the need to adjust the impact we have on all life forms and that to survive as a species we have to be more sensitive to the very nature of this living Earth.

Our Earth is a living body with finite resources and fragile interconnected life forms. It appears we may be on the edge of destroying all of it. As we all individually share this planet, it is obviously in all our interests to respond to its environmental crisis by trying to find ways to resolve the many problems with new and positive attitudes. We must move away from wasteful greed and with the help of our creativity move toward a caring and conserving management of the Earth’s resources.

This perpetual calendar starts the new year in spring with its promise of renewed life. Beginning the count on the thirteenth day of each month is just a whimsical way of saying that we should avoid old superstitions and prejudices. We should move on into the future with fresh youthful optimism, along a path which nurtures our individual creativity and which leads to paradise here on Earth. Perhaps this perpetual calendar will provide you with some visual entertainment and stimulate your own individual creativity and sense of purpose for a long time to come. For, no matter what the problem, the planet Earth is our home and with a little bit of effort from us all it will continue to be just that for many future generations.

34

ericmcmillandesigner.net ______________________________________________________________________________ 35