Rodrigo Martel Orihuela

URBAN DESIGN PORTFOLIO

SELECTED WORKS | 2019 - 2024

MASTER’S URBAN DESIGN THESIS | CHINCHERO, SPRING 2024

ANDEAN CULTURAL LANDSCAPES IN DANGER

NAVIGATING THROUGH THE NEVER-ENDING BATTLE BETWEEN DEVELOPMENTALISM

AND HERITAGE CONSERVATION

HARVARD UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN 2 3 1

URBAN DESIGN OPTION STUDIO | SHUSHUFINDI, SPRING 2023

FRUITY CITY

A MULTISCALAR APPROACH TO URBAN COMMUNAL LIVING

HARVARD UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN

B.ARCH THESIS | AREQUIPA 2020

URBAN RENEWAL IN THE HISTORIC CENTER OF AREQUIPA

THE QUINTA SALAS CASE

UNIVERSIDAD RICARDO PALMA

7 4 5 6

PROFESSIONAL WORK | LIMA 2020 - 2021

HOUSING RECOVERY PROGRAM IN THE HISTORIC CENTER OF LIMA

PROMOTION OF INVESTMENT IN HOUSING

PROLIMA - PROFESSIONAL WORK

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP | CUSCO 2019

INTERVENTION GUIDELINES

ON FACADES FOR THE HISTORIC CENTER OF LIMA

PROLIMA - PROFESSIONAL WORK

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP | CUSCO 2019

KACLLARACAY OPEN PATIOS

AN INVITATION TO CELEBRATE DAILY LIFE

AA - ARCHITECTURAL ASSOCIATION VISITING SCHOOL - NANOTOURISM

URBAN DESIGN OPTION STUDIO | COX’S BAZAR, FALL 2023

ROHINGYA RIDE

PROVIDING GENDERED ACCESS TRHOUGH A TRANSITORY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

HARVARD UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN

ANDEAN CULTURAL IN DANGER

NAVIGATING THROUGH THE NEVER-ENDING DEVELOPMENTALISM AND | HARVARD

URBAN DESIGN

ADVISOR: DIANE

The Chinchero International Airport, set to become Peru’s second-largest American cities. This unique cultural and ecological region was once the capital. The thesis explores how tourism has driven explosive informal enced the Peruvian government’s decision to develop aerial infrastructure research explores the detrimental effects of the airport on the social and inadequate development of the airport’s surrounding area could further It proposes an urban and landscape design intervention to create an from tourism, addressing and revindicating the spatial, socioeconomic,

PERU | SPRING 2024

CULTURAL LANDSCAPES DANGER

NEVER-ENDING BATTLE BETWEEN HERITAGE CONSERVATION

HARVARD GSD |

DESIGN THESIS

DIANE DAVIS

second-largest airport, will directly connect Chinchero and the Cusco to major the capital of the Incan empire and is now recognized as Peru’s tourism informal and illegal urbanization and analyzes how this economy has inﬂuinfrastructure to promote decentralization and regional economic growth. The and ecological systems of Chinchero, raising questions about how the further exacerbate the challenging living conditions of the local communities.

alternate passive economy, channeling the massive inﬂuxes of capital socioeconomic, and racial exclusion these communities face.

Chinchero

Urubamba

Picchu

passengers by 2040

increase in tourist inﬂux 2007-2017

regional GDP total population employed

The current Velasco Astete International Airport hosted

3 379 618

passengers in 2019. It is over capacity since 2008

- 95% for tourism

Cusco

NANO TOURISTIC AND AGRO PRODUCTIVE URBAN UNIT

1781 u

65.3% of the total housing deficit produced by the airport

“a standard housing unit in inca urban centers and can be found from Callo in Ecuador to Tambillos in Argentina” (Sillar 2013, 42)

The Urban Block Chinchero Qosqo Ayllu Kancha

The Housing Unit Incan Hut

Nanotouristic Agro Productive Urban Unit

DOMESTIC AGRARIAN LANDSCAPES

COURTYARDS AS AN EXTENSION OF THE ANDEAN LANDSCAPE

Domestic Agricultural Courtyard

A characteristic of Andean housing typology, where courtyards serve both for organizing harvested crops and as semi-public spaces for interaction and conviviality.

Inner Agro Productive courtyard Peripherical boulevard

Cultural Center

Transformation Center

Agrarian Parcel

Collection Center

Main Cultural Plaza

Mixed Use Street

Recreational Plaza

Main Cultural Plaza

A dynamic public space integrating local artistry, commerce, and urban fabric, emphasizing the human scale of traditional Andean urban landscapes

Market

Sightseeing Spot

Wetlands Recreational Plaza

Biking and pedestrian sightseeing path

Church Commercial Corridor

Inner Agro Productive Courtyard

Peripherical Boulevard

NOISE LANDSCAPES

WETLANDS AS NOISE MITIGATORS, AND PUBLIC SPACE PROVIDERS

New Chinchero Waterfront Boulevard Enhancing climatic resilience while oﬀering a vast, adaptable, and megadiverse urban waterfront

Reframed National Road

Multi functional corridor integrating shaded galleries, commercial spaces, wide sidewalks, a bike lane, and greenery for wind protection and recreation

SHUSHUFINDI, ECUADOR

FRUITY

A MULTISCALAR APPROACH TO THROUGH LAND

| HARVARD OPTION THE FUTURE OF OIL BOOM TOWNS

TEAM:

RODRIGO MARTEL, RACHAYA INSTRUCTOR: ANA MARIA

The proposal puts forth a vision for strengthening re-imagining a fruitful and resilient new urban Shushufindi. At the heart of the proposal lies the typological and social configurations of the Siekopai. a system of productive urban chakras framed in explores the possibilities of design directions and inclusive perspective

ECUADOR | SPRING 2023

FRUITY CITY

TO URBAN COMMUNAL LIVING RECLAMMATION

HARVARD GSD | STUDIO

TOWNS IN ECUADORIAN AMAZONIA

RACHAYA WATTANASIRICHAIGOON MARIA DURAN CALISTO

strengthening indigenous political recognition through Siekopai Community in the Oil Boom Town of idea of domestic-communal living based on the Siekopai. The intervention scales up by introducing a collective land ownership policy. The project and a co-creation method that aims to include an perspective in urban planning.

ANALYTIC FRAMEWORK OF AN AEXTRACTIVE ECONOMY

Oil Reserves, Platforms, and spills in Shushufindi County

Ecuador’s global petroleum exports

Oil Blocks in Ecuador

Segregated peripherical lots proposed for intervention by the Shushufindi Municipality

Indentified Lands for Biorremediation and Risk Mitigation

Proposed Urban Acupunture and Ecological Productive Corridors

Oil Blocks in South America

COMMUNAL VS.

PRIVATE

LIVING URBAN PROPOSAL

SIEKOPAI URBAN CHAKRA CORRIDORS

Productive Ecological Linear Corridors

Bio-remediated Reclaimed Indigenous Lands articulated by renewed infrastructure

De-morphed selected block

1. Proximity to Rainforest

3. Adjacency to the Oil Refinery

5. Adjacency to Principal Avenue

Morphologically Complex Fabric

Adjacency to the Oil Refinery

6. Proximity to Rainforest, Water Bodies, and City Core

a. Linear Chakra - Chakra Plantation

b. Double Chakra Plantation

c. Chakra Plantation - Linear Chakra d. Double Linear Chakra C. Domestic Street

NEW SIEKOPAI URBAN COMMUNITY

MORPHOLOGICAL AND SPATIAL LAYOUTT

Open Space Lawn

Communal

Chakra

Site Plan - New Siekopai Urban Community

Granadilla

Passiflora ligularis

Climbing vine

Yuca

Manihot esculenta

Woody shrub, Spurge (10-30 cm

Sacha Inchi

Plukenetia volubilis

Nuts, Perennial (2 m)

Camu-camu

Myrciaria dubia

Bushy riverside (3-5 m)

Maize

Zea mays L.

Cereal grain (2-3 m)

Plantain

Musa × paradisiaca

Triploid cultivars (3-10 m)

Cacao

Theobroma cacao

Evergreen tree (6-12 m)

Cupuaçu

Theobroma grandiflorum

Tropical rainforest tree (5-15 m)

Rambutan

Nephelium lappaceum

Evergreen (15-24 m)

Pacay

Inga feuilleei

Legume (18 m)

Chontaduro

Bactris gasipaes

Palm, Canopy (15-20 m)

Mamey sapote

Pouteria sapota

Ornamental evergreen (15-45 m)

Moriche palm fruit “Mor

Mauritia flexuosa

Palm (35 m)

Climbing Trellis

Public Chakra

Pedestrian Streets Between Communal Blocks

Evergreen Trees

Grains & NutsTuber

Palms

Plant heights

NEW SIEKOPAI URBAN COMMUNITY

THE FUTURE OF OIL BOOM TOWNS IN ECUADORIAN

1:500 Urban Scale Model

AMAZONIA

Edible Streetscapes

Pedestrian Boulevard with surrounding communal Chakra plantations - Fuit, medicinal, and shade species

New Siekopai Urban Community - Wood and cardboard

Let’s re-imagine a new Shushufindi together!

Envisioned New Siekopai Urban Community Areial View of the regeneration of 5 reclaimed blocks in Shushufindi

1:500 Urban Scale Model

Sie plan view of the New

Urban Community - Wood and cardboard

Siekopai

URBAN RENEWAL IN THE HISTORIC RETHINKING HOUSING THOUGH

The historic centre one of the three urban settlements as World Heritage by UNESCO. suffered grave deterioration due to the and lack of urban planning in the second industrialization

Urban renewal interventions have been made in the bos” but Quinta Salas, the biggest slum in the city, was an investigation of the first working-class neighbourhood Salas’s historic morphology development and its social context, that drastically intervenes the adjacent public space with the housing in Quinta Salas that uses the archetypical formal diagr concept, so that the urban essence of Arequipa is perpetuated

PRESENTACIÓN

This project was an opportunity to rethink the traditional appr break classism, racism and gender roles related to the house th erment and support in times of crises, especially in the Peruvian thesis most important input is to contribute to the renovation and knowledge.

DESCRIPCIÓN

HISTORIC CENTER OF AREQUIPA

THOUGH FORM, TYPE AND COLLECTIVITY

The of Arequipa is settlements in Peru declared UNESCO. However, its urban tissues the accelerated urbanization processes half of the 20th century in response to the industrialization of the city.

the historic collective housing structures called “tamwas never intervened. In that sense, this thesis covers neighbourhood in Arequipa emphasizing in the study of Quinta context, to consequently propose an urban renewal project the introduction of a riverside boulevard and new collective diagrams identified in the investigation to use the typology as a perpetuated and manifested in its form and emplacement.

DE PROYECTO

approach to housing and to use architecture and design to try to through collective spaces that can become a source of empowan context in which these social problems are exacerbated. The and preservation of the Historic Center of Arequipa through its knowledge.

DEL PROYECTO

URBAN RENEWAL

PROJECT - MASTER PLAN - LINES OF ACTION

By applying variables of urban study by subsystems, the problem s and potentialities emerged. The most critical tissues corresponded to Quinta Salas. Its vulnerability is extremely high because of its proximity to the river and the structural and sanitary conditions of the building.

The generalized deterioration of the buildings that surround the slum give the possibility to take advantage of the density allowed in the zone to consolidate a new urban profile that works as a socle for the historical center and can give a more human scale to the highly damaged and polluted public space.

QUINTA SALAS BLOCK FACADES

CURRENT STATE OF CONSERVATION

Taking into consideration the research, the intervention in “Barrio el Solar - Barrio Obrero” is summarized in three lines of action: Renovate, connect and consolidate; mending the relationship of the sector with Chili river.

The severe public space condition will be tackled by displacing the massive transport in La Marina Ave. Between Bolognesi and Grau bridges to an underground expressway (vial master plan for Arequipa) in order to propose a riverside boulevard that physically articulates the public spaces of the historical center and the neighboring districts.

The critical conditions in Quinta Salas will be tackled by eradicating the slum and proposing collective housing for the old and new residents.

A new sustainable formal mobility system of public transport implementing a bus network through Bolívar - Sucre street, prioritizing pedestrians and bicycles and a peripheral parking space below the new Quinta Salas.

Consolidation of the existing network by relocating the informal merchants currently located in Puente Grau street into commerce modules in the riverside boulevard and also proposing a local commerce socle in all the new buildings.

The new riverside boulevard is conveniently sectorized and defined by activities. Each zone is divided by a plaza that hosts a sillar monolithic cylinder that has a monument condition and allows the location of the plazas at the distance which are visually connected to the Santa Catalina Monastery and the Cathedral Basilica. They also work as monoxide carbon extractors for the expressway.

Permanence

La Marina Avenue

Villalba Street

Moral Street

Ugarte Street

La Marina Avenue

Villalba Street

Moral Street

MALECÓN

LA MARINA

Monolithic

DESIGN STRATEGIES

LOGIC OF EMPLACEMENT - THE DIAGRAM AS A CONCEPT

The overall image of the building rescues several formal diagrams of vernacular architecture of the historical center of Arequipa, specifically from “Barrio El Solar - Barrio Obrero” and by doing so it aims to be part of “the architecture of the city” and the landscape.

Due to economical and technical reasons, prefabricated concrete modular pieces were designed to respond to a regular 7.50m x 7.50m grid that can be adapted to each formal layout type and also works efficiently for the parking spaces in the basement.

Sillar has lost its importance as a construction material over the years because of the need of very thick walls when it has a structural condition. By using it as unloaded modular walls we can still take advantage of its thermal properties and encourage the industrialization of this unique sub-utilized material.

1:500 Volumetric Model

1. Implantation of the mass in the topography as a result of the merging of the damaged lots in the block 2.

Adjacent street extension to define the interior layout of the block

1. Implantation of the mass in the topography as a result of the merging of the damaged lots in the block 2. Adjacent street extension to define the interior layout of the block

New sectorization as a result of the new layout. Definition of accesses and levels

3. New sectorization as a result of the new layout. Definition of accesses and levels

Insertion of the modular structural grid in each sector

Definition of the mass as a result of the new interior street layout.

5. Definition of the mass as a result of the new interior street layout.

Definition of “gallery” and “U” typological forms

Definition of the final form by introducing vaults

Sillar Volcanic Stone

the mass in as a result of the damaged block extension to interior layout of block

sectorization as a result

layout. Definition and levels

the modular in each sector

the mass as new interior layout.

CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM

MODULAR-PREFABRICATED STRUCTURAL SYSTEM - RETHINKING SILLAR

Catalogue of structural pieces

“gallery” and typological forms

the final form introducing vaults

type

Model of assembly of pieces for each type “U” type

type

Model of assembly of pieces for each type

Catalogue of pieces of assembled sillar 8 different combinations for the project

Insertion of the assembled sillar partitions into the structural grid

HOUSING MODULES

RETHINKING THE ACT OF INHABITING

The housing modules respond in area and in quantity to the family compositions found in Quinta Salas. A total of 150 housing units with no qualitative differences, will be available for the old and new inhabitants to re-densificate and make viable the housing project. This mechanism will avoid the displacement and gentrification of the district.

The apartments aim to have no spatial hierarchy in area. The services are centralized and are located in strategic positions giving the possibility to redefine and make a real appropriation of the flexible living spaces by modifying its layout, even allowing the suppression of the kitchen, replacing it with external shared common spaces.

Other architectural elements such as the archery, the bridges, stairs and the proportion of the windows have been contextually designed taking as reference the Tambos and Quinta Salas.

2 Bedroom Apt.

3 Bedroom Apt. - Kitchenless

Condition Basic Condition 3 Bedroom Apt 2 Bedroom Apt. - Kitchenless - Music School

NEW QUINTA SALAS

ZONING - PROGRAM BY LEVELS - URBAN PROFILES

The New Quinta Salas is respectful to the surrounding urban profile and also redefines it in La Marina Avenue by taking advantage of the densification possibilities and the top ography as an asset for design.

The facades of the building are covered with quicklime and painted with red ocher, a traditional technique and color used to cover and protect sillar in Arequipa.

The traced new public streets sectorize the New Quinta Salas and give the block the same pedestrian scale perceived in the Tambos. Each sector contains a commercial socle to support the local artisans economy and a complementary collective service that helps reinforce the sense of belonging to Quinta Salas.

These common buildings and spaces use the same quicklime covera ge technique painted with indigo blue

+4. Fourth Level +10.20 Orchard, housing

+3. Third Level +7.20

“Comedor Quinta Salas”, workshops, housing

+2. Second Level +4.20

“Comedor Quinta Salas”, “Sporting Moral museum”, commerce, housing, foot ball court, dressing rooms

+1. First Level +0.00 Commerce, housing, park ing spaces and deposits

-1. Basement -3.20

Parking spaces and deposits

3.Sporting Moral Sports Court

Quinta Salas had a small basketball and football court where “Sporting Moral” trained. This new abstracted space becomes the heart of the new Quinta Salas.

4.Commercial Socle

The perimeter gallery allows solar protection while walking in the street and its permeability enhances the building’s relationship with the boulevard.

5.Quinta Salas Collective Canteen

It occupies a hierarchical location in the confluence of the new streets. Encourages collectivity and social cohesion. This space can work as an important source of support for vulnerable populations in time of need and crisis.

6.Quinta Salas Museum

This space hosts the existing trophy collection of the Quinta Salas historic basketball team “Sporting Moral” and a curated exhibition of the history of the sector.

7.Altar of the Virgin of the Blessed Cross

Quinta Salas had a holy space where inhabitants could pay tribute to its patron. This new altar gains exposure and hierarchy in its new location.

Side Elevation: Ugarte Street

Front Elevation: La Marina Avenue

Side Elevation: Moral Street

HISTORICAL CENTER OF LIMA, LIMA 2020-2021

HOUSING RECOVERY PROGAM IN THE HISTORICAL CENTER OF LIMA

PROMOTION OF INVESTMENT IN HOUSING

| PROLIMA |

TEAM: RODRIGO MARTEL, SARITA RODRIGUEZ

ANTONELLA VIZCARRA, LUCIA PATIÑO, OSCAR BECERRA, CARLOS RAMOS

As part of the urban renewal strategies for implementing the Master Plan for the Historic Center of Lima, the housing recovery is proposed as a crucial intervention course. It aims to avoid the museification, touristification, and over-commercialization of the urban space and tackle the precarious living conditions in the historic collective housing tissues. Therefore, we proposed a collective housing bank in strategic lots that overpass the 1500m2 to raise the profitability of the projects so it can be attractive to private investment. The proposal includes a commerce socle adjacent to the streets, collective use spaces, and interior public plazas that work as an articulator in between the urban and the housing scale.

Utilizing this invaluable opportunity, I proposed and improved the architectural and urban design methodologies I applied in my thesis and the Historic Center of Lima, a more complex and delicate socio-urban context. This methodology is in constant improvement. The next step for this project consists of finding a way to include the beneficiaries of this housing policy in the process to help co-create their way of living.

HOUSING PRECARIOUSNESS

THE HOUSING REALITY IN THE HISTORIC CENTER OF LIMA

Residencial Use decrease

Historic Center of Lima

Lima District

Residencial population in the Historic Center of Lima precarious living conditions

Lima Metropolitan Area

Most of the resident population live in slums without first hand needs residents at risk urban diseconomy and unsafety dilapidated cultural heritage

SLUMS | Barrios Altos

Source: “Plan Maestro de Recuperación del Centro Histórico de Lima” (PROLIMA)

Actions Prior to the Urban Renewal

Development of the Collective Housing Project Bank Public Agents Involved

PROLIMA

MUNICIPAL PROGRAM FOR THE RECOVERY OF THE HISTORICAL CENTER OF LIMA

HOUSING AND TERRITORIAL MANAGEMENT DIVISION

PROMOTION OF INVESTMENT IN SOCIAL HOUSING

Social housing Market-price housing Compatible local commerce

Ministry of Housing, Construction and Sanitation

Ministry of Economy, and Finance

Ministry of Culture

Metropolitan Municipality of Lima

Identification of suitable lots for intervention Physical and Legal Cleanup Parcel Boundary corrections 70%

percentage of families in each project benefiting from the housing subsidy of the Techo Propio program of the Ministry of Housing, Construction and Sanitation

Casa de las Columnas - Conde de Superunda

Tha Master Plan for the Recovery of the Historical Center of Lima (2019-2029) tackles the urban renewal by structuring axles defined by important avenues and streets in which major transportation and public space projects will be developed. The Housing Recovery Program embraces these, and proposes collective housing projects in each sector

The housing modules respond to the contemporary family compositions and are placed in a regular structural grid of 7.5 x 7.5 m (efficient for underground parking spaces) to standarize and to speed up the construction process Module A (loft: 3.75 x 7.5m) 1-2 people Module B (flat: 7.5 x 7.5m) 3-4 people

PLAZA MAYOR

ANDAHUAYLAS

EXPOSICIÓN

JUNÍN ÁNCASH

ALFONSO UGARTE

GRAU

RÍO

HUÁNUCO

ANCASH structuring axis

COLLECTIVE HOUSING PROJECT BANK

MASTER PLAN PER SECTOR

Ancash Structuring Axis Master Plan developed for the Collective Housing Project Bank Brochure

Amazonas 590

Frontal Façade

Finished Collective Housing Project

Land Development Feasibility Study

Identified Lot

Intervention in Monuments or Buildings with Monumental Value

Intervention in Lots destined for Urban Renewal

Pedestrian Streets Tramway

GRAU

structuring axis

Projects Developed 2021

Results achieved

1 305 Housing Units

5 599

Possible Beneficiaries

Grau 695

Frontal Façade

Grau Structuring Axis Master Plan developed for the Collective Housing Project Bank Brochure

Chancay 560

Frontal Façade

Chancay 560

Interior Patio

Chancay 560

Posterior Housing Block

The catalog is an essential resource for architects designing new facades in Lima’s Historic Center, structured into anwalytical and propositional sections. The analytical part includes a contextual analysis of the area and an examination of existing buildings, resulting in 43 design strategies. These strategies cater to specific contexts and objectives, requiring thoughtful decisions from designers. In the propositional section, the catalog demonstrates how these strategies can be applied practically to real facades. It presents designs that serve as references for future projects, covering various formal aspects, heights, and uses. Each facade is detailed with materials, textures, formats, and colors, creating a diverse showcase of ideas and inspirations. Overall, the catalog not only provides a comprehensive understanding of the Historic Center’s architectural landscape but also offers practical guidance and inspiration for designing new facades that blend seamlessly with the area’s rich heritage and unique urban characteristics.

HISTORICAL CENTER OF LIMA, LIMA 2020-2021

INTERVENTION GUIDELINES ON FACADES FOR THE HISTORIC CENTER OF LIMA

PROMOTION OF INVESTMENT IN HOUSING

| PROLIMA |

PROFESSIONAL WORK

CATALOGUE OF FACADES

BASED ON GENERIC URBAN CONTEXTS

Facade Catalogue

DESIRABLE OBJECTIVES - DO

STRATEGIES AND ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS

Contextual Adaptation Strategies

DO-1

RELIEF AND TEXTURES IN DIFFERENT SCALES DO-2 PERMEABLE BORDERS AS EXCHANGE AREAS

DO-3 VEGETATION IN FACADES

DO-4

ADAPTATION TO THE HISTORIC ARCHITECTURAL LANGUAGE

DO-5 EXTENSION FROM THE STREET TO THE BUILDING

DO-6

EFFICIENT PROTECTION FROM CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

DO-5

MORAY, CUSCO 2019

KACLLARACCAY OPEN PATIOS

AN INVITATION TO CELEBRATE DAILY LIFE

AA VISITING SCHOOL | NANOTOURISM

INSTRUCTORS: ALJOSA DEKLEVA, RAFAEL FREYRE, JAKOB TRAVNKIK COLLABORATORS: ALESSANDRA MEINARDO, ANGELES ORTIZ, THERESA KETTNER

Operating at the confluence between gastronomy and architecture as a new form of articulating and understanding a specific territory, the program speculated on the role of tourism within the historic site of Moray, MIL Centro (the newly established research center) and the neighboring communities.

The project tackled the need of the Kacllaraccay community for tourism as an urgent source of incomes but, how could we design a model of tourism that did not erase the live culture and daily routines of their inhabitants? The project opened each house’s working courtyards as their wish to welcome tourists to create a small economy based on their agricultural products and handcrafts. Through the collective process of the project the notion of “mass tourism” was avoided and a new appreciation of the local heritage was established by celebrating daily life

RESEARCH - PLACE

LOCATION AND HISTORY

Kacllaraccay is an agricultural community located in the Andes of Peru at 2.3km from the Inca ruins of Moray.

“Grandparents say that the upper parts of the community, were part of a road between the city of Cusco and Quillabamba. This road was used by merchants who moved products with mules. It was common for them to spend a night on what is now known as the community center.

One day,when in search of more water, they arrived at a spring, and near a ravine they saw a half-built house (in Quechua: “ raccay” ) with the walls covered by lots of cactus ( “kacllas” ). This itinerants decided to settle on this water and fertile crops blessed lands and named the community after that rare ruin covered in cactus: Kacllaraccay”

Juan Cancio

Cusipaucar

Kacllaraccay community - Maras - Urubamba - Cusco - Peru

GETTING TO KNOW KACLLARACCAY

MORAY

2500 TOURISTS / DAY KACLLARACCAY

2 TOURISTS /YEAR

The village has seen a decline in population from 125 households in 1999 to 75 in 2019, as residents seek urban success. The older generation turned to tourism for income but abandoned agriculture, a risky move. Designing a solution that preserves agriculture’s stability amid language barriers is crucial.

Genara

Anselmo Benita

Ricardo Nelly Damian

Crops - chacra - chacra Corn - maíz - sara Cactus - cactus - kaclla Potato - papa - papa

COURSE OF ACTION SIGNAGE PROTOTYPES

PREPARATION

The signage next to each door is an indication that you are welcomed to go inside without permission. The drawing extracted from the kids intervention gives an idea of the main activity done by that family in the village without the use of any spoken language.

PROCESS

SIGNAGE

ALLOWANCE OF ENTRY TO THE PATIOS FOR A LEARNINGEXPERIENCE

COX’S BAZAR, BANGLADESH rohingya

PROVIDING ACCESS THROUGH A TRANSITORY

| HARVARD OPTION STUDIO - PERMANENCE IN TRANSITION:

INSTRUCTOR:

The exponential growth of Rohingya camps has given tackle the challenges of these refugee camps through yaRide proposes implementing a multimodal, multiscalar, tion system to foster a more livable urban It seeks to transform and broaden the existing Referral vice delivery system. Also, it introduces a transformable transportation of essential goods. Finally, an integrated improve access to employment

BANGLADESH | FALL 2023

TRANSITORY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

HARVARD GSD | TRANSITION: THE ROHINGYA CAMPS

FUAD MALLICK

given rise to a “transitory urbanity,” forcing us to through the lens of a complex urban context. Rohingmultiscalar, and potentially incremental transportaurban environment for both women and men. Referral Hubs into a gender-accessible health sertransformable rickshaw van system to streamline the integrated biking network to enhance mobility and and recreational opportunities.

SYSTEM PROPOSAL

THE RICKSHAW VAN AS A FLEXIBLE SERVICE PROVIDER

Spatial analysis of the distribution of existing referral hubs in relation to other education and health facilities

42% surveyed women spent 21 to 24 hours inside their houses

53% Rate of home base baby delivery

17% of 200 health facilities have 24/7 access

Definition of transportation routes based on density, infrastructure, and phisical condition analysis

SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

GENDERED MOBILITY AND ACCESS

HOW CAN TRANSPORTATION CREATE A MORE EQUITABLE ENVIRONMENT?

population fund

transport system referral hub

pregnant women majhis

cultural barriers

shortage of ambulances

poor road conditions physical distress access to homes camp insecurity

socio-demographic profiles delivery status knowledge of RH transport frequency of use

Supply Chain system

innovation center testing ground knowledge sharing facilities landscape intervention

Biking system bike stations commercial and control stands shading system

Rickshaw Van system

ﬂexible and transformable device design storage facilities

LPG distribution stands

Referral Hub system primary care facility transportation hub storage facility

Multiscalar approach to the new transportation system

REFERRAL HUB SYSTEM

PROVIDING GENDERED ACCESS TO SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

New Referral Hub Station

Primary care and transportation hub

Modular double layer roof

Bamboo supporting structure

Bamboo dropwall

Module 1 - Primary care

Module 2 - Latrines, sink, store, storage

Covered bike station

Innovation center

Basic Module for its replication

Urban ensemble

Referral hub and Innovation Center placed in a typical context. Interval of +/- 400m

Rodrigo Martel Orihuela - Selected Works 2025