Newspark, by Zing Design

created by

ZING DESIGN

CREATED BY ZING DESIGN

global news for students DESIGN DEVELOPMENT | SPRING 2011 SOCIAL MEDIA + SOCIAL IMPACT+ SOCIAL GOOD

ABOUT THIS BOOK What began as loose sheets of white paper with quick sketches, facts, and ideas jotted down on them became this book. In the Spring 2011 semester at Parsons the New School for Design in New York City, Robert Rabinovitz’s Advanced Research and Design Methods class undertook a semester long project called “Social Impact, Social Media, Social Good.” Students began in groups, discussing modern social issues and jotting down ideas. After an initial set of 20-30 pages each, students edited themselves until they hit a core issue to base their project around. From there students created their own design processes, and followed those design processes through the four phases of the project.

This book is the final product of the fourth phase of the project. It contains a good portion of the research and analysis done throughout the semester, as well as the final design done based on our analysis of the information.

We – Anastasia Kuznetsova, Dylan Smith, Janine Weil, Elise Flanagan, and MariaCorina Alvarezdelugo, came together under the name “Zing Design” in the first phase as we explored issues. The name came about in an early brainstorming session before we had much direction.

“Zing Design” is our creative consultancy which picks its possible projects largely through our observation of patterns in our surroundings. Awareness of the news is extremely important to us as a group because it is such a large part of our process, and so we set out to prove our hypothesis that Generation Y is bombarded with news through various media sources boht digital and in print. As a result Gen Y is largely unaware of the news due to over saturation of the news landscape.

As the project evolved, our direction changed towards a program that did not focus on educating the people we had already proven were unaware of news, but to educate the next generation. We set out to create a platform that would create new habits for the next generation and evolve with that generation from year to year. “Newspark” was our solution for a new platform to teach children about surface level current events while creating a new habit simultaneously. It is our hope that once the habit is created they will evolve with the platform and continue to rely on “Newspark” for their information through high school. “Newspark” was both named for and created with the intent to spark curiosity in a new generation.

MEET THE ZING TEAM

MARIACORINA

ELISE

DYLAN

ANASTASIA

JANINE

As Director of Research at Zing Design, MariaCorina is responsible for research, development, and new technologies. Previously, MariaCorina has worked at W Magazine as a fashion stylist and later as an assistant to the marketing director at Italian menswear company Isaia Corp. This Venezuelan native is ready for any task with a positive attitude and latin charm.

As Chief Development Officer, Elise has managed Zing Design’s client services group since its inception, playing a lead role in transforming Zing into one of the world’s top creative consultancies. Prior to Zing, she was a Men’s buying intern at Ralph Lauren. Elise is renowned for her home-baked lemon squares.

Dylan Smith is our Chief Marketing Officer for Zing Design, providing us with powerful insights and strategic thinking to ensure we thrive in today’s competitive market of creative consultancies. Before joining Zing, Dylan interned in the Marketing and Events offices for Versace US and Christian Dior Couture. Dylan loves expanding her knowledge of art history, fashion history, and design history.

Anastasia joined the Zing team in 2011 as Creative Director. Her past experience includes building creative brands, editorial design, illustration and fine arts work. Anastasia also amazingly astounds all with ass-kicking alliterations.

As Chief Marketing Officer, Janine Weil is responsible for communicating our firm. She is in charge of marketing strategies as well as analyzing the audience and the best ways of reaching them. Her main goal is to use creative ideas for services/products that help society.

Janine has worked at Chanel and Christian Dior in the PR and Marketing departments. She is from Peru and brings a different perspective to Zing.

14 16 26 38 48

problem statement

why it matters?

mindmapping

research

data

62 66 78 88 96

child development

personas

case studies

newspark

zing

108 110 116 130 150 zing process

zing logos

prototyping

final prototypes

deliverable

PROBLEM STATEMENT

14 | 15 NEWSPARK: DEFINE

PROBLEM STATEMENT

t

echnological advancements over the last twenty years have brought about a wealth of information available to anyone with an internet connection. Currently, this wealth of information is untapped by most people growing up in the internet era. In a United States Pew Research “news IQ” test from July 2010, people ages 18-29 answered 5 out of 11 questions correctly on average, placing them in one of the lowest ranges of knowledge. While many news outlets have created components aimed at younger users such as DOGOnews.com, TIME for kids, and CNN Student News, the statistics show people are becoming less, instead of more, educated about current events.

Wide availability of information should have had an enormous effect on the level of knowledge amongst people who have grown up with access to it.

Nonetheless, statistics paint this effect as either non-existent or negative.

As the world gets smaller it becomes increasingly more important for familiarity with the news because knowledge not only better equips people to solve problems but also encourages respect for different ideas. As Dr. Richard Brake, the Director of University Stewardship at ISI says in the article College Students Lack Knowledge in History and Politics “Knowing history can help people with every day solving since problem solution variables have already been considered and the outcomes revealed” Therefore, there is a need for a new platform to encourage students to become more aware of current events knowledge. This shift will allow for the potential for more applied, richer, deeper, understandings of the world that surrounds them. Between the wide availability of statistics about the learning process and the severe lack of knowledge amongst Americans under 30, it is the ideal time to provide a solution in schools and at home.

WHY IT MATTERS

18 | A NEWSPARK: DEFINE

WHY IT MATTERS: NEWS & HISTORY DEFINED

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO KNOW HISTORY?

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO KNOW THE NEWS?

History is important as it gives us insight to how we got to this moment and what shaped nations around the world into the political, cultural, and societal entities that they are. History allows us to learn from the past in order to make rational judgements on what systems work and don’t work for the future. Furthermore, it allows and facilitates the understanding of the present, thus creating better decision making for the future. Dr.Richard Drake of The Intercollegiate Studies Institute states, “knowing history can help people with everyday solving since problem solution variables have already been considered and the outcomes revealed.” History is our research, research that we need in order to comprehend not only those who we are now in the present, but also to make better and smarter choices for our future.

In a democracy, we have the privilege to enjoy the freeom of speech and media. But democracy is not free, it requires informed citizens. How can we ever hope to cast a meaningful ballot in an election if we cannot begin to understand the simplest and most basic of current events surrounding these and other important issues? Educating ourselves about what goes on around us is the only way we can formulate such an informed position. Following current events is what we must do to sustain a thriving democracy. We should keep up with current events becuase they matter: they have have an impact on each and everyone of our lives. And, as we stay informed, wa can have the opportunity to have an impact of them.

20 | A NEWSPARK: DEFINE

MINDMAPPING: INITIAL SKETCHES

WHAT ARE THE NEWS: 1. Newly received or noteworthy information, esp. about recent or important events.

2. The presentation of a report on recent or new events in newspaper or other periodical or on radio or television.

WHAT ARE CURRENT EVENTS: 1. Present-time news events concerning important people, places, things, and ideas; also called current affairs.

2. Contemporary developments in local, national, or world affairs; also, the organized study of such developments.

“

Informed citizenship is a fundamental premise of democratic government.

Deliberation over issues, participation in the political process, and holding elected officials accountable all presuppose an electorate capable of expressing informed opinions.

[1]

24 | A NEWSPARK: DEFINE

“

Respect for history encourages respect for the best of culture, since historical memory is very closely tied to the maintenance of successful habits, beliefs, customs, and traditions make up a way of life.

[2]

[3]

MINDMAPPING

28 | 29 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

MINDMAPPING: SKETCHES

PHASE ONE: We began our exploration by researching current events, opportunities, things that inspire us, and focusing on issues both local and global.

From there we mindmapped, sketched, collaged, glued, and pasted and each team member produced 20 individual sketches. This is what we discovered...

30 | 31 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

MINDMAPPING: SKETCHES

a. office cubicles; corporate culture b. water usage; using too much or

being wasteful c. mednetworks, connecting medicine d. the design difference; rebranding brownsville new york

a.

b.

c.

d.

32 | 33 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

MINDMAPPING: SKETCHES

a. the effects of teen sex b. finalists in print magazine’s design

annual, all those chosen have designs that are socially aware

c. network of designyc d. quotes from various sources regarding the role of design in our lives

a.

b.

c.

d.

34 | 35 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

MINDMAPPING: SKETCHES

a. print magazine design annual b. print magazine design annual c. conflict in egypt; connecting d. design firms of interest

a.

b.

c.

d.

36 | 37 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

MINDMAPPING: SKETCHES

a. separation of sudan; plans to rebuild

new cities in the shapes of animals b. wal-mart’s eco-friendly anti-aging make-up line targeted at eight year

olds c. designers rebuilding urban

neighborhoods in new york d. business models for tom shoes and ark collective

a.

b.

c.

d.

RESEARCH

40 | 41 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

RESEARCH: SKETCHES

PHASE TWO: The initial research stage lead us to the conclusion that we, as both a team, and a generation, are not as aware of global news and current events as we should be or even would like to be. From there we chose to research this concept further...

42 | 43 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

RESEARCH: SKETCHES

a. print vs. digital; how users recieve information b. highschool students are in a bubble c. distractions online d. how gen y uses technology

a.

b.

c.

d.

44 | 45 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

RESEARCH: SKETCHES

a. mindmap focusing on the

communication channels that are available to us b. mindmap focusing on where we get the news; newspapers dropped

35% and internet usage rose 57% in 2010 c. twitter usage d. students asked why they do not keep up with the news; most think that there is not a reason to do so

a.

b.

c.

d.

46 | 47 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

RESEARCH: SKETCHES

a. the types of habits that people have; excerisizing, cleaning, flossing

b. on average it takes

21 days to form a

habit c. how to form a habit d. rituals consist of setting

expectations, self discipline, and repetition

a.

b.

c.

d.

“

The latest national survey by the Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, conducted Feb. 2-7, 2011 among 1,385 adults, finds that nearly half (48%) say they have heard a lot about the anti-government protests in Egypt; about the same proportion (52%) reports hearing little or nothing.

[4]

[5]

50 | 51 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

RESEARCH: DATA

38.5% Email

10.7%

Social Networking

7.2%

228 million mobile users in the U.S., 13+ This graph shows mobile usage in the US and the number of people that use their mobile devices in order to access the internet.

These statistics are from the Nielsen State of the Media report from 2010.

News & Current Events

6.3%

83.2 million mobile phone web users

Searching

4.6% Portals

[6]

31% of all U.S. mobile subscribers now have smartphones

Top 10 Mobile Video Channels 1. Youtube 2. Fox 3. Comedy Central 4. ESPN 5. MTV 6. ABC 7. CBS 8. AdultSwim 9. NBC 10. Discovery Channel

Top 10 Mobile Phones 1. Apple iPhone 3GS 2. Samsung SCH-U450 3. Motorola Droid 4. RIM Blackberry 8500 series 5. Apple iPhone 4 6. Apple iPhone 3G 7. RIM Blackberry 8300 series 8. LG VX9200 9. Samsung SCH-U350 10. RIM Blackberry 9700

4.3%

Entertainment

4.1% Sports

4.0%

Music

3.0% 2.8%

Weather

Videos/Movies

This graphic shows the various things people access on their mobile devices. It was interesting to see that news was actually the 3rd most searched item, however it is significantly behind e-mail and social networking. These statistics are from the Nieslen State of the Media Report from 2010.

52 | 53 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

RESEARCH: DATA

62%

of parents with high socioeconomic status read to their children everyday READING HABITS CREATED BY PARENTS Parents play a big role in creating children’s habits. While school is a place where they spend most of their time, children’s home and parent time is equally important to develop a habit. Even though the main focus of Newspark is to apply our new solution in schools, we also encourage kids and parents to follow this outside of the classroom as well. It is believed that parents can have a big impact in kid’s education. The Department of Education of the USA, said that parents with a better socioeconomic status read to their children more than parents with a more challenged socioeconomic status. In total 46% of parents read to their children, this is less than half of the population and it might be a reason for young people lacking knowledge in what is happening around the world.

46%

of parents read to their children everyday

36%

of parents with low socioeconomic status read to their children everyday [7]

54 | 55 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

RESEARCH: DATA

IS KEEPING UP WITH THE NEWS IMPORTANT FOR YOUR JOB? According to a study conducted by the Pew Research Center people with lower income levels and those who graduated highschool or did not graduate state that keeping up with the news is not important for their job.

[8]

“

In March 2009, the European Journal of Communication asked citizens of Britain, Denmark, Finland, and the U.S. to answer questions on international affairs.

[9]

participants in the survey were asked to

identify the taliban

76% of finns, 75% of brits, 68% of danes and 58% of americans were able to answer correctly

58 | 59 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

“ RESEARCH: DATA

Soft news subjects are accorded greater visibility than hard news in the US. In the case of hard news, the gap is so large that swiss respondents with less than a high school education preformed better on three of the items than American college

The biggest gap between the U.S. and European countries exists in the information environment in which the news are delivered. We found a study which surveyed US and Swiss citizens and their news consumption.

The study concluded with the discovery that:

graduates.

[10]

60 | 61 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

RESEARCH: DATA

PERCENTAGE OF DAILY NEWSPAPER READERS Surveys were conducted among voting-age residents of California and German and French speaking cantons of Switzerland. It was discovered that a much larger percentage of people in Switzerland are actually daily newspaper readers than in the U.S. which can be largely due to cultural differences and [11] exisiting habits. These studies were conducted in 2005.

18 & OVER

18 & OVER

SWISS CITIZENS

U.S. CITIZENS

74.3%

42.5%

CHILD DEVELOPMENT

64 | 65 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

CHILD DEVELOPMENT: OUR RESEARCH

CHILD DEVELOPMENT When choosing to develop our concept to educate the coming generations it was of outmost importance to extend our research to child development and education. We quickly found that in order to target students at grade level efficiently we would have to break it off into three age groups. During the beginning stages of a child’s development and well into their teens, their stages differ greatly and thus, any platform that we would create would have to be flexible in order to individually successfully reach such a diverse target market.

Our first age group is ages 5 to 9. This is the time when a child had begun to develop independence from their families. They have learned to dress themselves, feed themselves, and have a stronger sense of right and wrong. They are beginning to grow and understand their place in the world, rapidly increasing their mental skills and have a greater ability to describe experiences and talk about thoughts and feelings. Also at this time, a child focuses less on their own self and instead worries more about others. The average attention span of a child this age is a 10 to 20 minutes.

The next age group is ages 10 to 13. This is when it becomes more emotionally important for the child to have friends, become more independent from their family and begin to face more academic challenges at school. During this time, children become more aware of their body image and experience more peer pressure. Lastly, the age group 14 to 18

expands on the emotional and social changes faced in the previous years, experiencing more academic pressure and influence by peer groups. At this age, they have more ability for complex thought, are better able to express their feelings through talking, and have an even stronger sense of right and wrong.

Understanding children’s learning styles is also important in developing a successful educational platform for them. Knowing how a child learns allows for the reinforcing of the skills that they need to thrive in school. There are several different types of learning styles; the spatial visual learner, the kinetic learner, and language-oriented learner, and the logical learner. A spatial visual learner needs and likes to visualize things, learning through images and examples. A kinetic learner processes knowledge through physical sensations; a student who is highly active and not able to sit still long communicating with body language and gestures. A language-oriented learner thinks in words, likes to tell stories and jokes and spells words accurately and easily, preferring spoken work to reading. Finally, a logical learner thinks conceptually, likes to explore patterns and relationships, enjoying puzzles and seeing how things work, this is a student who questions and wonders about everything. [12]

66 | 67 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

CASE STUDIES: EXISITING SOLUTIONS

MEET CAROLINE AGE: 6 Caroline enjoys spending time with her mum and dad, and especially when it involves going to the zoo. She doesn’t particularly enjoy bath time or brushing her teeth, so she has to be reminded constantly to do so. She is a spacial visual learner and understands things best through images and diagrams. Her favorite activity is coloring and creating glittery art projects.

Caroline and her older sister are entering the first grade this coming fall.

[13]

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A.M.

OPPORTUNITY OPPORTUNITY

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68 | 69 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER CHILD DEVELOPMENT: DAY IN THE LIFE; CAROLINE

P.M.

OPPORTUNITY OPPORTUNITY

70 | 71 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

CASE STUDIES: EXISITING SOLUTIONS

MEET ERIC AGE: 10 Eric has been playing soccer since he was able to walk. He is one of the quickest kids on the team, and hopes to become a professional long distance runner one day. Eric is a kinetic learner, which means he enjoys learning through touching and cannot sit still for very long. As a student in the fourth grade, he is the top student in his math class and wants to work on Wall Street when he grows up. Eric is most happy when he is outside enjoying the fresh air.

[14]

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A.M.

OPPORTUNITY

m ot Er he ic rd ’ ro w s fa ith th ps e hi a pr f r m ac ew pic of tic o ks fa e. f h h ts i i m s Er oc f rie up ic ce a n th n fro rp d ei d s ra w ms r d hi ct h s ay fa o oc ic e he ce s. m Er ily ca r p ic rp ra si td oo ct ou help ow ls ice ts s w ,a id hi n ith lo e s to to m d fro ng Er in pa oth m ic n ss e er w r , th lo or th e ad ks ey so t Er on di h c ic ce e sc ho d g r us is m ro et b s al hw ew om s o lw a or s ,h nt ith he k e he i n hi r a i Er s co th s n on m ic si d e ly pu ge st go k itc al te er e ts s lo r he re w Er w n a e h ic dy d ile on h ge fo ts rb w is ith m in e Li d to gh so oth be m er ts d e ou a su is i nd ta pe n t nd re rv he ad is Er s io ic . n go es to sl ee p.

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72 | 73 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER CHILD DEVELOPMENT: DAY IN THE LIFE; ERIC

P.M.

OPPORTUNITY OPPORTUNITY

74 | 75 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER

CASE STUDIES: EXISITING SOLUTIONS

MEET KIMBERLY AGE: 16 Kimberly is a logical learner and is interested in exploring patterns and relationships. As the most popular girl in school, Kimberly always has to know what is happening as soon as it happens. She will not leave the house with out her cell phone and laptop. She doesn’t read the newspaper unless she has to, reads fashion magazines like it’s her job, and talks on the phone more than a telemarketer. She constantly has her headphones connected to her iPod and insists that she leave them on while in class.

One of her favorite things to do on her downtime is to surf the Internet.

Her favorite website is Facebook.com, but she also likes following blogs and other fashion sites to keep up with the trends. She has a hard time understanding what life would be like without her laptop and technology in general.

[15]

A.M.

OPPORTUNITY OPPORTUNITY

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76 | 77 NEWSPARK: DISCOVER CHILD DEVELOPMENT: DAY IN THE LIFE; KIMBERLY

P.M.

OPPORTUNITY

CASE STUDIES

80 | 81 NEWSPARK: INNOVATE

CASE STUDIES: EXISITING SOLUTIONS

CASE STUDIES In conducting our research, we began by looking at existing solutions and approaches to delivering news or other content through a number of platforms. The advent of mobile devices largely changed the way that people recieve information which had a direct influence to how we approached our final solution.

We quickly learned that users are stepping away from printed material, which made us focus more on the digital sources. We also looked at various ways of delivering video through sources such as TEDTalk and Youtube. Due to the fact that we aimed to offer students news in the form of video, supplemented with written content we aimed to analyze a number of websites that had a videos as their primary product. We then looked at successes and fialures, and attempted to draw inspiration from things we thought worked well. The following pages breaks down our discoveries from the case studies.

From our research we recognized that those websites that are made specifically targeting children, were either not serious enough or talked to children in a very childish manner. Our goal was to step away from that as much as possible in order to cultivate serious conversation and deliver serious news.

82 | 83 NEWSPARK: INNOVATE

CASE STUDIES: EXISITING SOLUTIONS

TED.COM

PECHAKUCHA.COM

UDEMY.COM

TED Talks were mainly created to spread good ideas. It has an interesting, sophisticated interface that is very easy to navigate.

The talks are on different subjects, which is great because people can find out all sorts of different information. It is also great that it incorporates the social media aspect. Those that participate in TED talks are professionasl from all over the world, which gives the website credibility and well as access to a large pool of information, inspiration, and insights. The main problems we identified are that the videos are mainly targeted to an older demographic, they have a lot of speech which wouldn’t work well with children and teenagers due to their lower attention spans. Also the speaker format with the screen int he background does not always translate well to delivering the news.

PechaKucha 20x20 is a simple presentation format where you show 20 images, each for 20 seconds. The images forward automatically and you talk along to the images. It is great because the format is concise and easy to follow because images are paired with text, and also it can be easily applied to a variety of subjects. PechaKucha Nights are informal and fun gatherings where creative people get together and share their ideas, works, thoughts, holiday snaps just about anything really, in the PechaKucha 20x20 format. This can easily be translated into the classroom and it is a great way for delivering facts. The problems are that it can sometimes be too short and a large number of presentations serve as glimpses of portfolios for creative’s. PechaKucha is probably not the best way to deliver news.

Udemy.com is a website which allows anyone to create an online course. The goal is to give teachers everything they need to create a learning experience on the internet equal to one offline. Udemy offers classes largely for free, and some for a fee. Classes range from a Walk Through the Book of Psalms to lectures on product development from Facebook founder Mark Zuckerburg. Because anyone can sign up for Udemy and create a course, not all of the sources are as reputable as the rest. But because of the popularity rating it is more likely that a user can successfully filter. The format could apply to news for older kids, but would not be necessarily successful for a younger demographic

YOUTUBE.COM Youtube.com allows billions of people to discover, watch, and share original videos. It serves as an open forum for people to connect through sharing and commenting. Because it is an open forum anyone can put up a video, from large companies to normal people.

It largely functions as a platform for advertising content and funny user generated videos more than it is informative. The format is too disorganized because of the excessive amounts of videos with varying levels of views. Overall since the videos have no uniform length, topic, or level of credibility it is more a dump of information than a format for a platform. A youtube channel could function as a platform for delivering the news but youtube itself as a model could not.

84 | 85 NEWSPARK: INNOVATE

CASE STUDIES: EXISITING SOLUTIONS

FLIPBOARD, A SOCIAL MAGAZINE

INSTAPAPER

24IN60.COM

TIME FOR KIDS

Our research showed that mobile platforms are becoming an increasingly important touchpoint between users and the media or news. The iPad, in particular, and smart phones are becoming more integrated into consumer lifestyles and daily rituals and moments when users are accessing social media platforms, e-mail, and news. Flipboard is a recent application developed for the iPad that in many ways brings the consumer back to printed media through a mobile platform. Creators of Flipboard realize there are few things more beautiful than a really well designed magazine and that was their goal. However, with this application users are able to customize the content they read as well as participate in a sort of ‘social magazine’ experience where news and interesting insights

Instapaper is the indeal solution for the on the go reader. Another platform adhering to the mobile revolution, this application allows users to ‘bookmark’ articles of interest online that they may not have the time to read at that particular moment, and then the article is saved in its entirity to a mobile device and can be accessed at any point afterwards without an internet connection.

Creators of Instapaper recognize the importance of customization to the online reader as well as provide them with the ability to access content without the need for Wifi, meaning Instapaper is the ideal solution for subway riders. Following the trend of RSS feeds and news aggregators, Instapaper allows the reader to scan for articles of interest and then save those spark their curiosity for

The weekly magazine, Time for Kids, provides the latest national news around the world for children in grades K-6. The magazine offers special edition issues and a related website with content that speaks directly to the information in the magazine. It presents current news to young students in a manner that is visually appealing with various colors and photographs to draw in their attention. The magazine is portable and can be read from wherever.

The highly accessible website allows teachers download worksheets that relate to the content in the magazine; this method is called continuous learning because it further challenges the student to understand the

can shared immediately among their friends.

later reading. This app may even be the new ritual for reading the Sunday paper, virtually.

24 in 60 is a news aggregetor that collects very quick ‘bites’ of the latest headlines. All the posts are quick and concise and can be read in 60 seconds, which is a content important to the development of our own platform. The website itself is unornamented and very clean, which definitely had its pros and cons. For children this factor may be unappleaing whereas the older demographics may find that to be the more compelling aspect of it. This website also addresses the issue of the congestion of the news delivering landscape which makes the process of recieving less daunting to the viewer. The layout in this instance is rather successful, however may not be the best option for appealing to our particular demographic.

24 in 60 also markets themselves as an unbised news source which is incredibly important in delivering news to the public so that they are able to formulate their own opinions. We aim to spark conversation through Newspark and it is imperative that we also strive to deliver unbiased news.

knowledge they retained from the magazine.

86 | 87 NEWSPARK: INNOVATE

CASE STUDIES: EXISITING SOLUTIONS

HIGHSCHOOL NEWSPAPER

DOGONEWS.COM

WAITING FOR SUPERMAN

The high school newspaper is specifically designed for students to log in and see what is going on. Michael Moore created it and the web site interface is strategically targeted toward high school students. It is a great platform for providing students with a place to discuss anything they want letting students post a variety of comments. Moore’s 17- year old niece also edits it, which is great because she is someone who is in the same demographic as the people who are utilizing this platform and it is just created for students, which creates a more comfortable atmosphere for them to want to participate. The main issue is that there seems to be little involement and in several cases throughout the site, there are still elements of children being spoken to as children. With our platform, we want to make sure children are treated as adults.

DOGO news is an online platform to deliver news in which the staff members who are kids are the ones writing the articles. It has a fun approach and delivers diverse information. It is ideal for schools because teachers can easily access it and students have a space to share their thoughts and leave comments. It serves kind of like a custom online classroom newspaper. One of the biggest

This 2010 documentary analyzes the failures of American public education by following various students through the education system, in hopes of being selected through a lottery process for a chance to go to charter schools. The film sheds light upon the children’s dreams of success in correlation with the education system’s flaws. The major benefit of charter schools is that they are more specialized in a certain fields and often provide a more valuable education experience that traditional public schools. Unfortunately, charter schools are not always the best alternative for students because racial segregation still exists. The film examines the issue of admission through random lottery, and how most of the applicants become disappointed after discovering their number was not selected. In addition, charter schools are less likely to employ teacher meeting state certification standards in comparison with traditional public schools.

pros of DOGO News, is that the articles are short and simple therefore easy to understand and the contain videos and photos that keep children interested. Some of the problems are that it is specifically for children and does not really transfer well to other demographics, and also the current event section seems silly rather than informative.

NEWSMAP

This website was one of the driving forces behind our project and was a great source of inpiration for out final outcome. ‘Newsmap’ is a news aggregator wich categorizes content by color and size. Headlines that have been searched the most are larger incomparison to those that have been viewed less. Newsmap creators have also allowed users to turn of categories, for instance sports or music, that may not be interest and that way users are able to recieve more news about topics that are relevant to them. For us, this platform was a great example because it was the perfect use of categorizationa nd organization of information in a way that was compelling as well as concise. It is easy to navigate and alter to one’s own preferance. The complexity however way be too much for the younger demographics we are trying to target but the overall layout and ceoncept can easilt be altered to appeal to the 5 to 9 grow we aim to reach.

NEWSPARK

90 | 91 NEWSPARK: ABOUT

MISSION STATEMENT

MISSION STATEMENT Newspark is a virtual platform for news delivery intended for students from ages 5 to 18 years old. Upon reaching the site’s homepage, students are separated into subgroups defined by their age: 5 to 9, 10 to 13, and 14 to 18. As students mature, the information provided through videos and articles by students will evolve to suit their comprehension and attention levels. Depending on the user’s learning style - kinetic, visual, or logical - Newspark has creatively provided users with access to various methods of absorbing the news. Newspark is built on the idea that healthy habits start during childhood, and consequently works to reinforce those habits through adulthood, in hopes that the next generation will continue to seek out news through other news platforms after “graduating” from Newspark.

92 | 93 NEWSPARK: ABOUT

SYSTEM MAP

CLIENT

CLIENT

CLIENT

OUTSOURCE GOV FILM DIRECTOR

WEB DEVELOPER

SCHOOLS SOCIAL MEDIA

OUTREACH

SYSTEM MAP This map describes the network behind Newspark. Beginning with Zing as the creators, there are two major components that are outsourced in order to develop Newspark: the film directors that will produce the clips for the website as well as the web developers that will work from the initial designs to code the final website.

Newspark is then shown as reaching the target age groups of 5 to 9, 10 to 13, and 14 to 18, providing those students with videos, activities, and articles. The other groups that are included are parents and teachers as they also benefits from Newspark. The outreach depends on the government for sponsorship as well as relationships established with schools in order to implement Newspark in the shcool curriculum.

PARENTS

A V KEY: A - ACTIVITIES V - VIDEO AR - ARTICLES LP - LESSON PLAN

AR

TEACHERS

A

V

AR

LP

5 to 9

10 TO 13

14 TO 18

94 | 95 NEWSPARK: ABOUT

SHORT & LONG TERM GOALS

YEAR ONE: PILOT LAUNCH TEST IN NEW YORK SCHOOLS

YEAR THREE: PROMOTE GROWTH ACROSS US

THROUGH WORD OF MOUTH, PARTNERSHIPS WITH THE GOVERNMENT AND SCHOOLS, AND ADVERTISING NEWSPARK RECOGNITION WILL CONTINUE TO GROW IN THE ALREADY INTRODUCED TO CITIES, WHILE EXPANDING INTO OTHER CITIES.

SAN FRANCISCO YEAR TWO: INTRODUCE ACROSS U.S.

DENVER

INTRODUCE TO SCHOOLS IN MAJOR CITIES WHILE EXPANDING IN NEW YORK CHICAGO

ATLANTA

SAN ANTONIO

IN FIVE YEARS: NEWSPARK WILL BE AN INTEGRATED PART OF THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM, KINDERGARTEN THROUGH HIGHSCHOOL

ZING DESIGN

98 | 99 ZING

ABOUT: WHO WE ARE

WHO WE ARE: Founded in 2011, ZING DESIGN is a creative consultancy. Working out of our New York office, we are a diverse group of designers, innovators, and revolutionizers. We aim to discover new opportunities and deliver progressive design solutions.

100 | 101 ZING

ABOUT: WHO WE ARE

customizing

conceptualizing

energizing revolutionizing

categorizing

characterizing analyzing

modernizing

optimizing

realizing

organizing

equalizing

contextualizing finalizing utilizing globalizing

ABOUT THE NAME When thinking about the name for our studio, we began brainstorming characteristics that defined us and realized that they all ended with -zing. In choosing this name it captures the diversity and work ethic behind our team.

visualizing

mobilizing

actualizing

102 | 103 ZING

DESIGN PROCESS: INSPIRATION

ENGINE SERVICE DESIGN: DESIGN PROCESS

AKENDI: DESIGN PROCESS

“Founded in 2000, Engine is one of the world’s leading service design and innovation consultancies.

“Akendi’s Human Experience Creation™ process introduces a human being as key stakeholder early in the product design process of hardware, software, services, mobile applications, websites, and physical environments.

Working out of our London studio, we’re a diverse team of designers, strategists, researchers and visualisers. We work on a wide range of service design and innovation projects for some great organisations across the private and public sector.”

-Engine Service Design

This process underpins all stages of product and service research and development– from Strategy to Research, Design & Testing. Based on experience thinking tools, it is systematic and repeatable to deliver intentional experiences for your customers & end users.”

-Akendi Design Firm

104 | 105 ZING

DESIGN PROCESS: INSPIRATION

FROG: DESIGN PROCESS

EIGHTY TWO DESIGN: DESIGN PROCESS

“Frog design is a global innovation firm. We work with the world’s leading companies, helping them create and bring to market meaningful products, services, and experiences.

“Some call us professional eye catchers, others refer to us as brilliant monsters of design, and even occasionally we are mistaken as design magicians. We are okay with these titles because we know every idea needs help coming to life.

Our multidisciplinary process reveals valuable consumer and market insights and inspires lasting, humanizing solutions.”

-Frog Design

We are dedicated in taking the measures to help fine tune, offer insight, and construct these ideas that are bouncing around inside your gourd.

We are also ready to help offer our creative juices to your empty glass.

Hmmm. Perhaps let us clarify. You have a design need. We can fulfill it.

The process is simple.”

-Eighty Two Design

106 | 107 ZING

DESIGN PROCESS: SKETCHES

PROCESS SKETCHES We began by creating several sketches of processes we found inspiring or our individual design processes before determing phases that summarized and included all over our approaches to the design process. In the following pages we identify firms with design processes that greatly influenced our final design process.

108 | 109 ZING

DESING PROCESS: FINAL

PROBLEM

NEED!

ZING!

5 PHASES OF THE DESIGN PROCESS The ZING design process is made up of 5 different phases: define, discover, innovate, prototype, and deliver. Throughout our process we have found that some phases tend to overlap and merge while we are developing a design, but these five phases are the most clear steps that summarize the process as a whole. Depending on the project, the time spent on each phase will vary. In the development of Newspark we found ourselves in the discover phase most of all and the others followed. As most design firms would agree, the design process is rarely a linear model.

For Zing, the define and discover phases porceeded in parrallel. Both phases consisted of collecting large amounts of research and then sifting through in order to identify areas of interest and opportunity. We found ourselves at times revisiting the discover phase in order to see if there were gaps we may have not considered or possibly missed while doing our research.

Similarily during the prototying phase we identified various solutions which required looking into existing concepts and case studies in order to identify what is already available in the marketplace, what works, what doesn’t, and how we can make it better. Within the prototyping phase we also seek feedback from potential users by testing the market. This is done through focus groupds, surveys, studies, etc. This stage allows to perfect the final product and prepare it for the delivery phase.

In the final phase, we deliver the product to the end user. In the case of Newspark, this will be schools and students, however the online platform may be accessed anywhere with the internet connection. Our partnership with schools will enable the platform to gain recognition beginning in New York and then integrating into curiculums throughout the US.

OBJECTIVE

1.

We

DESCRIPTION

DEFINE PROBLEM

1. DEFINE begin

our

process

2.

DISCOVER

3.

4.

INNOVATE

2. DISCOVER

3. INNOVATE

PROTOTYPE

4. PROTOTYPE begin

iterating

DELIVER

by

Through intensive design re-

In this phase, we think broadly We

harvesting a large amount of

search, we identify gaps and

about

research with no concern for

opportunities for improvement.

approaching

solutions and learning as much

Using the gathered insights

as possible about the larger

we anaylize existing solutions,

the

gaps, iteration. This stage allows for

In many cases we monitor the

landscape of the problem from

successes and failures, and use

we ensure that no part of the us to guarantee that the end

production process itself and

all angles.

them to promote discoveries.

problem remains unsolved.

result translates perfectly from

provide our support where

concept to reality.

necessary.

possible

then

5.

5. DELIVER Following

the

specified

solutions, solutions, observing how users

changes in the previous step,

problem interact with them and return to

in this phase we deliver a

from every direction. Using the innovation stage with each

finalized product to the client.

identified

the

design

110 | 111 ZING

LOGO: EXPLORATORY

112 | 113 ZING

Z I N G DESIGN

LOGO: EXPLORATORY

Z I N G D ESIGN

Z I N G DESIGN

Z I N G D ES I G N

Z I N G D ES I G N

Z I N G DE S IG N

114 | 115 ZING

LOGO: FINAL DESIGN

PROTOTYPING

118 | 119 NEWSPARK: INNOVATE

PROTOTYPING: SKETCHES

PROTOTYPING As we started to culminate our project, we decided to prototype some ideas that we had for our final solution. We believe this is a good way to clearly see the ideas that we have so we can further analyze them and try them in order to see which would be more successful for our solution. Our prototypes go from simple straightforward videos that can be translated into different age groups as well as having printed toilet paper with the news on it and having a guerilla on Facebook so people are asked about current events before they go in. This has been an essential key point in our project as it is from here that we will come up with our final solution, one that will prove to be the most successful and the one that can better translate to the three demographics that we are focusing on.

120 | 121 NEWSPARK: INNOVATE

PROTOTYPING: SKETCHES

EDUCATIONAL TELEPHONE GAME

CUSTOM PRINTED TIOLET PAPER

IMPLEMENT NEWS AND HISTORY

NEWS YEARKBOOK

This in-class activity will allow students to actively participate in a questionnaire with their fellow students by using a hand-crafted “telephone” made from recycled cans and string. The students will be asked questions by their teacher, and must answer the question correctly in order to continue in the game. Once they have answered the question they must relay that question with the answer to the next student and ask them another stumping question.

Stay on top of all the breaking news headlines with custom printed toilet tissue by the RSStroom Reader. Next time a high-school student is sitting on the toilet they will reach for the toilet tissue to find a handful of current news headlines. The machine uses waterproof ink so that when they get wet, the ink will not transfer.

In this scenario, children are encouraged to reserach current events, in a digital or printed format and then bring in images that they found intruiging to class. All the images are then collected and collaged to create a ‘news map’ which reflects the current events of that day. The teacher then takes a photograph of the collage created that day and the activity is repeated daily or weekly depending on the curriculum At the end of the year all the photographs are collected and compiled into one ‘yearbook’ which reflects that current events that went on the past year. This is a

In this scenario, children are encouraged to reserach current events, in a digital or printed format and then bring in images that they found intruiging to class. All the images are then collected and collaged to create a ‘news map’ which reflects the current events of that day. The teacher then takes a photograph of the collage created that day and the activity is repeated daily or weekly depending on the curriculum At the end of the year all the photographs are collected and compiled into one ‘yearbook’ which reflects that current events that went on the past year. This is a

great way to engage children as well as discover their interests and explore new ways of responding to the news.

great way to engage children as well as discover their interests and explore new ways of responding to the news.

122 | 123 NEWSPARK: INNOVATE

PROTOTYPING: SKETCHES

FACEBOOK LOGIN QUIZ

CURRENT EVENT CLUB

TV PRODUCTION ELECTIVE

SCHOOL LUNCH TRAY

Our research has shown that a large number of the population are daily Facebook and Twitter users, to name just two social media platforms. As a sort of guerilla tactic we explored the idea of implementing a quiz in order to access your Facebook page.

For example, a user goes the FB website and types in their log in information, however instead of taking them directly to their profile, there appears a quiz which asks them several quiestions regarding current events and foreign affairs. The fact the user is already onine when accessing their Facebook allows them an easy

This would be one of the clubs that schools would have so kids can join and they can go once or twice a week during their lunch break to discuss current events and interact with other students that are interested in the topic as well. A good way for this to be implemented, would be for example if the students could receive some type of reward like extra credit to encourage them to join, and hopefully after they have joined they will find it interesting and continue to attend not for the extra credit but because of a personal interest.

This prototype is an elective offered in high schools for kids who are interested on the media industry to join, this is a great way to use student’s interests and target our solution. Basically what would happen is that the kids in the club would run the news every day during the homeroom period. It could be a good way to expand school news and events, promote school spirit and expand current events, it can be followed by a discussion between students and the teachers.

The school lunch tray printed with news would provide a place that students will inevitably see to display news. The downside is that to order trays in advance the news will not be quite as current. The trays could be delivered weekly with news from the previous week printed on them. Students will inevitably read at least some portion of it because it sits in front of them for so long. While the news may not be entirely current giving a week means there is more information available to give students a better depiction of what is going on and what the consequences are.

way of looking up the answers, yet they are still forced to look at news and current events, thus becoming more aware.

124 | 125 NEWSPARK: INNOVATE

PROTOTYPING: SKETCHES

IMAGE MARQUEE

NEWS TREAT GIVE AWAY

NEWS BREAKFAST

BATHROOM STALL BREAKING NEWS

Moving signs in the lunch room will display current headlines and small bits of information. They are the perfect set up for a generation brought up on the internet with short attention spans.

The signs can also display some “soft news� to keep students interested and increase the likelihood of them paying attention.

Giving away a treat at lunch with an abbreviated news story in the bottom means students will be drawn in and at least skim the information because it is available. The small amount of information will function like a tweet and cater to the short attention span of the internet generation, playing on the idea that a student can

The breakfast pack will include an abbreviated newspaper, modeled after the free ones given around major cities, and a coffee and breakfast bar. Many public schools offer breakfast to students, so this plays off of an existing concept but offers some information with it. While students may just throw out the newspaper, making it

Since students are allowed to talk freely in the lunchroom, placing headlines around means more possibilities to spark conversation.

Even though the news is abbreviated, in the smart phone generation students can easily access more information from an existing news source if interested.

google to find more information. While it does not offer more than one story it does make students more likely to be aware of at least one major current event, hopefully sparking their interest in more and starting conversations.

available increases the chances that they will at least flip through it. If they get breakfast from school every morning it increases the chances that they will form a habit of checking the newspaper with breakfast and take that habit into adulthood.

As a solution for highschoolers we wanted to implement a daily newspaper system in the bathroom stalls of schools. In order to provide students with some reading material in the bathroom, a short and concise dialy newspaper would be written by the student body and then displayed in the bathroom stall. As with any solution, our goal is to create a product that woud be created by the students for the students. These newspapers would be engaging and contain content the students found interesting for that day, covering a number of categories around the world. The goal of this initiative is to spark converstation about the student body concering current events and global affairs.

126 | 127 NEWSPARK: PROTOTYPE

PROTOTYPING: FINAL PROTOTYPES

FINAL PROTOTYPES Following the sketching process we took several to the next stage by creating mock ups in illustrator and flash. Our final goal was to develop a website that would cater to our three determined age groups: 5-9, 10-13, and 14-18. What follows in the next several pages is the development of the video story boards as well as the design of the actual website. For the storyboards we focused on the Earthquake in Japan which happened in March 2011. For each age group you see a different approach to describing the disaster.

The younger age group is more broad and informative, and for the two older age you you seen greater use of real imagery and more use of speech.

128 | 129 NEWSPARK: PROTOTYPE

PROTOTYPING: STORYBOARD 5 TO 9

JAPAN

global news for students

Today we are going to talk about an island called Japan.

We...

here! In New York City.

And Japan is

VIDEO SOLUTION FOR 5 TO 9 For this video solution we wanted to consider the imagery that would be appropriate for talking to children about the earthquake in Japan. Through our research we identified that the attention span of a child between the ages of five to nine is no more than a few minutes. We wanted to condense enough relevant information in a 2 minute short that would introduce the island of Japan and also discuss what an earthquake is and what can be done to help. Our use of shapes and drawn images is intended to further simplify the material to make it more understandable for children.

The video concludes with an activity which in engages children in a class room setting on order to help. The goal is make children more involved as well as spark conversation.

are...

130 | 131 NEWSPARK: PROTOTYPE

PROTOTYPING: STORYBOARD 5 TO 9

RUSSIA

Pacific Ocean

JAPAN

KOREA CHINA

all the way around the world!

Japan is an island surrounded by the pacific ocean.

And it’s neighbors are Russia, Korea, and China.

?

What is an earthquake?

Yesterday, Japan had an earthquake. But what is an earthquake?

And this caused the water to form a big wave that went over Japan’s coast. This is called a tsunami.

An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of earth suddenly slip past one another.

?

As the tsunami went over the coast houses, cars and roads were destroyed.

Now Japan needs to rebuild everything that was destroyed.

I have the perfect idea! We can make paper cranes.

For every crane made, we donate one dollar to help Japan rebuild themselves.

“One Million Cranes” is an effort to raise money to help Japan. You can start this project at your school and help the people that need it most.

?

This earthquake happened under the water near Japan’s coast.

But what can we do to help?

132 | 133 NEWSPARK: PROTOTYPE

PROTOTYPING: STORYBOARD 10 TO 13

VIDEO SOLUTION FOR 10 TO 13 For this video solution we appealed to the slightly older group of students ability to process more information. Now students have more familiarity with the world, and therefore need less simplistic explanations. The video contains more information but is still kept short. Although the student has a larger attention span, it is important to keep their attention on the news at this transitory period by not overwhelming. Because students can comprehend more complex information, the videos use a combination of information graphics and real images.

134 | 135 NEWSPARK: PROTOTYPE

PROTOTYPING: STORYBOARD 10 TO 13

THE RICHTER SCALE

less than 2.0

MEASURES ENERGY

2.0 - 2.9

RELEASED BY THE

3.0 - 3.9

EARTHQUAKE.

4.0 - 4.9 5.0 - 5.9 6.0 - 6.9

global news for students

7.0 - 7.9 8.0 - 8.9 9.0 - 9.9 10.0 +

Reporter 2: People are still desperately seraching for their families and loved ones among the rubble.

The earthquake that hit Japan placed at 9.0 on the Richter Scale, causing a tsunami that is destroying the north east cost of Japan.

Reporter 1: Tsunami warnings have echoed across the American Pacific Coast in Oregon and California, and even extended to other costal areas such as Australia, China, and the Phillipines Reporter 2: Although those warnings were later

Reporter 1: The tsunami has caused mass devastation throughout Japan destroying entire cities.

Reporter 2: Cars, trains, and houses can all been demolished by the waves.

Reporter 1: Millions of people in Japan have been affected by this terrible disaster.

Reporter 1: 4 million people suffered from power

Reporter 2: We can help! An ancient Japanese

Reporter 1: “One Million Cranes” is an effort to

outages. That’s almost 3 times the population of Manhattan.

legend promises that the wishes of anyone who folds 1000 origami cranes will come true.

raise money to help Japan. You can start this project at your school and help the people that need it most.

5 Largest Earthquakes in History

That is the equivalent of a three-story building!

Valdivia, Chile The 1960 earthquake had a magnitude of 9.5, making it the largest in history

Alaska, USA The 1964 earthquake had a magnitude of 9.2

A WAVE THAT WAS 10 METERS = 32 FEET

Sumatra, Indonesia The 2004 earthquake had a magnitude of 9.1

Kamchatka, Russia The 1954 earthquake had a magnitude of 9.0

4 million people suffered from power outages

HIGH AND TRAVELED AT A SPEED OF

10 meters

800 KM/HR = 1,287 MILES PER/HR

Pacific Ocean, Tohōku Region, Japan The 2011 earthquake had a magnitude of 9.0

Reporter 1: A 10m wave struck Sendai, deluging

Reporter 2:Officials said that a wave of 10 meters

Reporter 1: That is equivalent of a three sotry

farmland and sweeping cars across the airport’s runway. Fires broke out in the center of the city.

which is more than 32 feet high hit the coast of Japan.

building.

136 | 137 NEWSPARK: PROTOTYPE

PROTOTYPING: STORYBOARD 14 TO 18

VIDEO SOLUTION FOR 14 TO 18 Young adults are able to process information like new adults.

While they do not have a historical context for some things, the information they can comprehend is very complex. The oldest video group mimics any typical adult news site, such as CNN or New York Times, but does so in a way that keeps young adults viewing a format they find familiar. This makes the final transition from young adult student into adult student, where many news organizations are targeted towards your comprehension level. This will solidify the habits formed in childhood through Newspark.

138 | 139 NEWSPARK: PROTOTYPE

PROTOTYPING: STORYBOARD 14 TO 18

global news for students

Reporter 2: “Tokyo’s nuclear power plant has declared a ‘state of emergency’ due to the high pressure levels at the plant.”

Reporter 2: “Today’s we will be discussing JAPAN’s EARTHQUAKE: TSUNAMI HITS NORTH-EAST”

Reporter 1: “Cars, ships, and buildings were swept away by a wall of water after the 8.9 magnitude tremor, which struck about 250 miles north-east of Tokyo.”

Reporter 2: “Japanese nuclear officials said pressure inside a boiling water reactor at the plant was running much higher than normal after the cooling system failed. Officials said they might need to deliberately release some radioactive steam to relieve pressure, but that there would be no health risk

Reporter 1: “Thousands of people living near the Fukushima nuclear power plant have been ordered to evacuate.”

Reporter 1: UN’s Nuclear Agency reported that 4 have been shut down safely.

Reporter 2: People are still desperately seraching for their families and loved ones among the rubble.

Reporter 1: Tsunami warnings have echoed across the American Pacific Coast in Oregon and California, and even extended to other costal areas such as Australia, China, and the Phillipines Reporter 2: Although those warnings were later

Reporter 1: A 10m wave struck Sendai, deluging

Reporter 2: Japan’s NHK television showed a

Reporter 1: In other developments, Four trains are

farmland and sweeping cars across the airport’s runway. Fires broke out in the center of the city.

massive surge of debris-filled water reaching far inland, consuming houses, cars and ships.

missing along the coast, says Japan Railways; and a ship carrying 100 people was swept away. Fire has engulfed swathes of the coast in Miyagi prefecture’s Kesennuma city, one-third of which is reportedly under water

140 | 141 NEWSPARK: PROTOTYPE

PROTOTYPING: WEBSITE MOCK UP

FOR PARENTS This feature provides parents with activities to do with their children in order to sart conversations and encourge their interest in global news.

Parents are also able to find links to other websites with useful information for children.

FOR TEACHERS This feature provides teachers with activities and sample lesson plans in order to help engage children. Activties and lesson plans are custom made to cater to each age group.

CONTRIBUTE This feature gives students the opportunity to write articles to be featured on the Newspark website. Students first register within their given age group, then are able to write a piece concerning current events or foreign affairs. The article is then submitted for approval. Once approval is given, the article is published on Newspark.

142 | 143 NEWSPARK: PROTOTYPE

PROTOTYPING: WEBSITE MOCK UP

ROLLOVER STATE

144 | 145 NEWSPARK: PROTOTYPE

PROTOTYPING: WEBSITE MOCK UP

ROLLOVER STATE

146 | 147 NEWSPARK: PROTOTYPE

ROLLOVER STATE

PROTOTYPING: WEBSITE MOCK UP

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[1] ‘’Dark Areas of Ignorance’’ Revisited : Comparing International Affairs Knowledge in Switzerland and the United States Shanto Iyengar, Kyu S. Hahn, Heinz Bonfadelli and Mirko Marr. Communication Research 2009 36: 341 originally published online 26 March 2009. p 341 [2] Entrelec. http://www.flickr.com/photos/25641154@N00/5553161456/ [3] “College Students Lack Knowledge in History and Politics.” http://www.studentsover30.com/education-news/college-students-lack-knowledge-inhistory-and-politics/ June 24 2008 [4] www.sourcewashingtonexaminer.com [5] “Egypt Crisis Flying Under American’s Radar.” http://worldblog.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2011/02/08/6011468-egypt-crisis-flying-under-americansradar. Feb. 8 2011 [6] Nielsen Media Fact Sheet 2011 [7] U.S. Department of Education. Web. 06 May 2011. http://www.ed.gov/.

[8] Pew Research Center for the People and the Press. Web. 06 May 2011. http://people-press.org/ [9] How Dumb Are We? http://www.newsweek.com/2011/03/20/how-dumb-are-we.html [10] Dark Areas of Ignorance’’ Revisited : Comparing International Affairs Knowledge in Switzerland and the United States Shanto Iyengar, Kyu S. Hahn, Heinz Bonfadelli and Mirko Marr. Communication Research 2009 36: 341 originally published online 26 March 2009. p 347 [11] ] Dark Areas of Ignorance’’ Revisited : Comparing International Affairs Knowledge in Switzerland and the United States Shanto Iyengar, Kyu S. Hahn, Heinz Bonfadelli and Mirko Marr. Communication Research 2009 36: 341 originally published online 26 March 2009. p 347 [12] fortnet.org/ParentToParent/PFellers/par_lern.html [13] www.flickr.com [14] The Principia Flickr. http://www.flickr.com/photos/theprincipia/3311012361/sizes/o/in/photostream/ [15] Alexandra Zakharova. http://www.flickr.com/photos/zalexandra/3585996021/sizes/o/in/photostream/

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