It is with great excitement that we present to you the third edition of Samudera for the year 2024 - a milestone edition as it marks our first publication in English. This step reflects our commitment to reaching beyond our shores and fostering deeper connections with our partners and stakeholders around the globe.
The ocean, vast and without borders, connects us all. It is both a shared resource and a shared responsibility. In this edition, we shine a spotlight on the importance of collaboration, focusing on engagements with foreign and domestic partners. Through dialogues, official visits, joint exercises, and cooperative operations, we strive to ensure the safety, security, and sustainability of the maritime domain we collectively steward.
You will find insights on the successes of recent bilateral and multilateral naval exercises, perspectives on emerging maritime security challenges, and features highlighting the
value of sustained partnerships. We also explore how inter-agency cooperation strengthens domestic maritime enforcement and contributes to the broader goal of safeguarding our shared waters.
We extend our gratitude to the men and women in uniform and the many stakeholders who work tirelessly to uphold the principles of maritime security and cooperation. Your dedication and professionalism are at the heart of what makes the ocean a safer place for all.
As we continue on this journey, Samudera remains committed to being a platform that informs, inspires, and connects. We invite you to join us in fostering a secure and prosperous maritime future.
Happy reading, and thank you for embarking on this voyage with us.
EDITORIAL BOARD
PATRON
Vice Admiral Dato’ Ts. Shamsuddin bin Hj Ludin
CHIEF EDITOR
Capt Ananthan Tharmalingam RMN
MEMBERS
Cdr Sugenderan a/l Nagalan RMN
Lt Muhammad Ruzaini bin Razali RMN
Lt Amanina binti Mat Kamal RMN
WO I COM Mohamad Fauzi bin Zaina
LR WPG Hidayatul Balqis binti Mohammad
LR WPG Muhammad Muizzuddin bin Md Rozi
PRINTED BY
Perax Kreatif Enterprise
ADDRESS
Sidang Redaksi Majalah Samudera
PUSMAS TLDM
(RMN Sea Power Centre)
Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra 54100 KUALA LUMPUR
Tel: 03-4016 0138
Email: majalahsamuderatldm21@gmail.com
Majalah Samudera is the o cial magazine of the Royal Malaysian Navy published in three series a year (Two in Bahasa Malaysia and One in English). This magazine is distributed free of charge.
ROYAL VOYAGE ABOARD R/V OCEANXPLORER
By: Lt Nur Atikah binti Mohd Fozi RMNVR (Naval Area 1 Headquarters)
Edited by: RMN Sea Power Centre
In a bold step toward advancing Malaysia's maritime frontier, the "Malaysia and OceanX Research Mission 2024: Marine Ecology and Ecosystem Dynamics of Pahang Coastal Waters" set sail with an elite team of 23 researchers. This groundbreaking collaboration between Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Universiti Islam Antarabangsa (UIA) Kuantan, New York University Abu Dhabi, and OceanX took place aboard the state-of-the-art Research Vessel OCEANXPLORER from 26 September to 14 October 2024. The vessel made a notable presence at the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) Tanjung Gelang Naval Base.
The mission's ambitious goal was to unlock the secrets of Pahang's vibrant marine ecosystem. From exploring pristine coral reefs to identifying critical migration routes for majestic marine megafauna, the research bridged two ecologically and biologically significant marine areas (EBSAs), shedding light on the region's untapped biodiversity.
A historic highlight of the mission was the visit by His Majesty the Sultan of Pahang, Her Majesty Tengku Ampuan Pahang, and His Royal Highness Paduka Seri Pengiran Muda Mahkota Pahang on 15 October 2024. Their Majesties toured the high-tech R/V OCEANXPLORER, symbolising a royal commitment to environmental stewardship. The Chief of Navy and Commander Naval Area 1 honoured the occasion with their presence. Enhancing the event, the National Hydrographic Center and the RMN Diving Team curated an engaging exhibition at the naval base, showcasing Malaysia's strides in maritime research and ocean conservation. This royal endorsement amplified the mission's impact and highlighted Malaysia's growing role in safeguarding the planet's oceans for future generations.
CHIEF OF NAVY’S OFFICIAL VISIT TO INDONESIA
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
In a landmark visit on 15 January 2025, the Chief of Navy, Admiral Datuk Zulhelmy bin Ithnain, met with his Indonesian counterpart, Admiral TNI Muhammad Ali, at the Navy Headquarters in East Jakarta. This visit, Admiral Zulhelmy’s first official engagement with Indonesia since his appointment as Chief of Navy in September 2024, marks a significant step in bolstering the strong ties between the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) and the Tentara Nasional Indonesia-Angkatan Laut (TNI-AL).
The visit commenced with a Guard of Honour ceremony, where Admiral Zulhelmy was accorded a formal military welcome, symbolising the mutual respect and camaraderie between the two nations. Following the ceremony, the two naval leaders engaged in discussions aimed at enhancing strategic cooperation and addressing shared challenges in the maritime domain. This meeting highlighted the importance of the RMN and TNI-AL partnership in safeguarding regional stability. Both navies play a pivotal role in combating threats such as piracy, smuggling, and illegal fishing, ensuring the security of vital trade routes and promoting regional peace.
Admiral Zulhelmy highlighted the shared responsibility of both nations in safeguarding regional stability. “Our partnership with TNI-AL is more than just a bilateral relationship; it is a testament to the unity and shared purpose of ASEAN nations in fostering peace, stability, and prosperity in the maritime domain,”.
The visit also explored opportunities for joint exercises, technology sharing, and personnel exchanges, further enhancing trust and operational readiness. In an increasingly complex maritime environment, the close collaboration between RMN and TNI-AL remains a cornerstone of regional security, exemplifying unity and shared vision of a secure and prosperous Southeast Asia.
ACHIEF OF NAVY’S OFFICIAL VISIT TO SINGAPORE
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
dmiral Datuk Zulhelmy bin Ithnain, the newly appointed Chief of Navy’s, embarked on a pivotal three-day visit to Singapore, marking a significant chapter in Malaysia-Singapore naval relations.
The visit included high-profile courtesy calls on Singapore's Defence Minister, Dr. Ng Eng Hen, and Rear Admiral Sean Wat, Chief of the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN). Upon his arrival at the Ministry of Defence, Admiral Zulhelmy was welcomed to inspect the main Guard of Honour, a gesture reflecting the strong camaraderie between the two nations.
A tour of the cutting-edge facilities at Changi Naval Base showcased Singapore's naval advancements. The RMN delegation explored the Multinational Operation and Exercise Center (MOEC), the Information Fusion Center (IFC), and the Submarine Training School, setting the stage for deeper operational collaboration.
The visit also coincided with the 40th Anniversary of MALAPURA, a bilateral naval exercise that stands as a testament to decades of unwavering maritime cooperation.
This milestone event celebrated not just shared security efforts but also the enduring friendship that anchors Malaysia and Singapore in the region’s maritime stability.
Admiral Zulhelmy’s visit emphasised the RMN's commitment to strengthening regional partnerships and highlighted the strategic importance of working together to navigate the complex challenges of modern maritime security. It’s a journey that reaffirms Malaysia and Singapore’s united resolve to safeguard their shared seas.
FORGING TIES: STRATEGIC ENGAGEMENT AT VIDEX 2024
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Vietnam Defence Expo (VIDEX) 2024, held in Hanoi from 19 to 22 December 2024, provide a vibrant stage for the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) to reaffirm its commitment to regional defence collaboration. At the helm was Admiral Datuk Zulhelmy bin Ithnain, Chief of Navy, whose influential presence underscored Malaysia’s proactive leadership in navigating Southeast Asia’s evolving security challenges.
Admiral Zulhelmy’s visit wasn’t just a diplomatic gesture it was a bold statement of intent. His leadership embodied Malaysia’s resolve to tackle contemporary maritime challenges through innovation, strategic, and visionary partnerships. Accompanied by First Admiral Ts. Shaiful Bahri bin Baharuddin and Cdr Mohd Syamir bin Mohamad Shokri RMN, the RMN delegation seized the opportunity to engage with global defence leaders, exchanging insights and exploring cutting-edge technologies that promise to reshape the future of naval operations.
VIDEX 2024, orchestrated by the Vietnamese Ministry of National Defence, stood as Southeast Asia’s premier platform for defence and security innovation. Representing over 30 nations, the expo buzzed with high-level discussions, groundbreaking technological exhibitions, and dynamic opportunities for strategic alignment. Amid the vibrant energy of VIDEX, Admiral Zulhelmy’s leadership stood out, emphasising the RMN’s steadfast dedication to regional stability and a shared vision of cooperative maritime security. The RMN’s presence at VIDEX reflected Malaysia’s approach to defence - one rooted in collaboration, innovation, and shared prosperity.
STRENGTHENING BILATERAL TIES: RMN & PLA-N
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) and the People’s Liberation Army-Navy (PLA-N) held the Navy-to-Navy Talks (N2NT) at PLA-N Headquarters in Beijing, China, from 5 to 6 November 2024. Co-chaired by Vice Admiral Dato’ Ts. Shamsuddin bin Hj Ludin, RMN Western Fleet Commander, and Vice Admiral Li Hanjun, Chief of Staff of the PLA-N, the discussions reinforced a shared commitment to strengthening bilateral ties and addressing regional maritime challenges.
Admiral Hu Zhongming, Commander of the PLA-N, welcomed the RMN delegation, setting a positive tone for the discussions. The meeting provided a vital platform to enhance operational interoperability and explore collaborative initiatives across maritime security, disaster response, and countering non-traditional threats. Both delegations emphasised the importance of leveraging the outcomes of the talks to achieve greater collaboration in naval operations.
Vice Admiral Shamsuddin underscored the necessity of strategic partnerships in navigating the complexities of the evolving maritime domain. At the same time, Vice Admiral Li reaffirmed the PLA-N’s commitment to deepening cooperation for regional stability. Agreements were reached to expand joint training programs and enhance information-sharing mechanisms, reflecting a shared vision for a secure and stable maritime domain.
The RMN and PLA-N N2NT exemplifies the importance of dialogue and collaboration in fostering trust and ensuring readiness to address shared challenges. The meeting's outcomes are expected to serve as a foundation for future initiatives, strengthening the partnership between the two navies and contributing to the broader stability of the Asia Pacific region.
STRATEGIC ENGAGEMENT:
DEFENCE ADVISORS VISIT KOTA KINABALU NAVAL BASE
By: Eastern Fleet Command Headquarters
Edited by: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Kota Kinabalu Naval Base hosted a high-level visit by Defence Advisors and Assistant Defence Advisors from various foreign nations, underscoring the Roral Malaysian Navy (RMN) commitment to strengthening international defence collaboration and advancing strategic partnerships. This visit was part of the Defence Diplomacy Programme, a key initiative designed to foster trust, mutual understanding, and enhanced cooperation between the RMN’s Eastern Fleet Command and its international counterparts. Such engagements are essential for addressing shared maritime security challenges and reinforcing regional stability.
The programme was carefully curated to provide the delegation with a thorough understanding of the Eastern Fleet’s operational framework and strategic priorities. The day’s events began with a formal courtesy call on the Deputy Commander of the Eastern Fleet, during which discussions centred on regional security dynamics, cooperative strategies, and opportunities for joint initiatives. Following this, the delegation was briefed on the Eastern Fleet’s critical role in safeguarding Malaysia’s maritime sovereignty, with a focus on its approach to managing complex and evolving security threats. The session highlighted the Fleet’s operational readiness, capabilities, and long-term strategic vision for countering maritime risks. The delegation also participated in a guided tour of the naval base, which provided insight into the infrastructure and assets that support the Eastern Fleet’s operational effectiveness.
RMN
CHARTS A BOLD COURSE WITH
LMS BATCH 2
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) is set to usher in a new era of maritime capability with the delivery of three Littoral Mission Ships Batch 2 (LMSB2) by 2027. This acquisition represents a significant leap forward in safeguarding Malaysia’s waters and bolstering national security. Construction of the vessels officially commenced on 4 December 2024, with a Steel Cutting Ceremony held at Istanbul Shipyard in Türkiye. The event was graced by Admiral Datuk Zulhelmy bin Ithnain, Chief of Navy, alongside Dr Mohd Bakhari bin Ismail, Deputy Secretary-General (Development) of the Ministry of Defence, and Malaysian Ambassador to Türkiye, Sazali bin Mustafa Kamal. The ships are being constructed by Savunma Teknolojileri Mühendislik (STM), a testament to the growing defence collaboration between Malaysia and Türkiye. Based on the formidable ADA-class Corvette design, these vessels are tailored for modern naval warfare, featuring advanced weaponry, sophisticated sensors, and the ability to conduct Anti-Surface Warfare (ASuW), Anti-Air Warfare (AAW), and Electronic Warfare (EW). Powered by Renk CODAG engines, the ships can exceed speeds of 26 knots, operate independently for 14 days, and support medium-sized helicopters and UAVs.
A crucial step in the project unfolded on 20 September 2024, when the RMN held a send-off ceremony for the LMSB2 Project Team at Kuala Lumpur. Led by Captain Mohammed Noorsyarizal bin Mohammed Noordin RMN, the team departed for Türkiye in October to oversee the construction process. The Chief of Navy urged the team to maintain professionalism, embrace learning opportunities, and uphold the highest standards. With construction underway, the LMSB2 programme reflects Malaysia’s determination to modernise its navy and protect its maritime sovereignty. These vessels will undoubtedly enhance RMN’s capability to tackle evolving maritime challenges.
20TH ASIA PACIFIC SUBMARINE CONFERENCE (APSC) 2024
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
Against the stunning backdrop of Sabah’s coast, the 20th Asia Pacific Submarine Conference (APSC) 2024 unfolded successfully from 30 September to 2 October 2024. Hosted at Kota Kinabalu, the conference was a powerful demonstration of regional unity and strategic maritime cooperation.
The theme “Uniting Efforts for Safety” was officiated by the Admiral Datuk Zulhelmy bin Ithnain, who emphasised the critical need for collaboration in submarine safety and rescue operations. Organised by the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) Submarine Force Headquarters, this milestone marked Malaysia’s second opportunity to host APSC, building on its 2014 debut.
The conference brought together 41 participants representing 16 nations, including global powerhouses like the United States, China, and Britain, alongside key regional players such as Australia, Japan, Indonesia, and Thailand. Nations as far as Ecuador and Colombia added to the diversity, while organisations like Direction Générale De L'armement (DGA), the Submarine Escape and Rescue Working Group (SMERWG), and the International Submarine Escape and Rescue Liaison Office (ISMERLO) provided unparalleled expertise.
APSC 2024 wasn’t just about exchanging ideas. It was about forging stronger bonds. Local Malaysian agencies, including the National Security Council, the Royal Malaysian Air Force, and the Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency, worked seamlessly with international counterparts. Their efforts underscored Malaysia’s commitment to a unified and proactive approach to maritime security.
Admiral Zulhelmy lauded the event as a testament to the region’s shared responsibility for ensuring the safety of submariners. By fostering collaboration and innovation, APSC 2024 set a course for more secure and efficient operations beneath the waves. As Malaysia once again showcased its maritime leadership, the conference highlighted the enduring strength of international partnerships in navigating the challenges of the deep.
MALAYSIA'S DEFENCE VISION SHINES AT GLOBAL AEROSPACE SUMMIT 2024
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
Vice Admiral Dato' Ts. Shamsuddin bin Hj Ludin, the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) Western Fleet Commander, played a key role in the Global Aerospace Summit 2024, held in Abu Dhabi, UAE on 25 September 2024. As a panellist on "Developing the Country's Defence Industry System," his participation underscored Malaysia's strategic vision in shaping its defence sector. This engagement highlights the RMN’s commitment to global defence cooperation and technological advancement.
The Global Aerospace Summit is a premier platform where aerospace, defence, and space leaders converge to discuss trends, challenges, and innovations in these sectors. Malaysia’s presence emphasises its forward-looking approach to integrating cutting-edge technologies into its defence framework, to achieve self-reliance and modernise its capabilities.
Vice Admiral Shamsuddin’s insights demonstrated Malaysia’s leadership in the defence domain, positioning the country as a rising force in global defence technology, particularly in aerospace and maritime domains. His involvement underscores Malaysia's resolve to remain at the forefront of technological developments while strengthening its national sovereignty.
By engaging with international counterparts and exploring advancements in defence, Malaysia continues to address
evolving security challenges, including cyber threats and hybrid warfare. The summit has opened doors for strategic partnerships, knowledge exchange, and the empowerment of local defence industries.
Malaysia’s active role at the Global Aerospace Summit reinforces its commitment to technological innovation, strategic partnerships, and a robust defence policy, ensuring the nation’s security in an increasingly complex global environment.
RIMPAC 2024
By: Lt Muhammad Hidayah bin Saimin RMN (KD LEKIU) Edited by: RMN Sea Power Centre
RIMPAC 2024, the world's largest maritime exercise, once again highlighted the extraordinary strength of international naval collaboration. Organised by the United States Navy, this 29th edition brought together 29 nations, 40 warships, three submarines, 150 aircraft, and 25,000 personnel in a powerful demonstration of unity and maritime capability across the Pacific Ocean. Anchored by the theme “Partners, Integrated and Prepared,” the exercise tested participants with complex, multi-dimensional scenarios designed to enhance operational readiness and foster interoperability.
Malaysia proudly contributed to this global effort with KD LEKIU, marking its third appearance at RIMPAC. Representing the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN), KD LEKIU stood as a testament to Malaysia's steadfast commitment to maritime security and its ability to seamlessly integrate with allied forces. The 99-days deployment, spanning 12,861 nautical miles, showcased the RMN’s resilience, professionalism, and expertise in handling large-scale naval operations.
During the sea phase, KD LEKIU excelled in conducting a series of training and drills, including Anti-Submarine
Warfare (ASW), Air Raid Exercises, and Underway Replenishments. These advanced manoeuvres demonstrated Malaysia’s capability to operate alongside some of the world’s most sophisticated navies, solidifying its role as a reliable and competent maritime partner.
As RIMPAC 2024 came to a close, Malaysia’s participation reaffirmed the RMN’s strategic relevance and its unwavering dedication to regional stability and maritime security. KD LEKIU's performance not only elevated Malaysia’s standing among global naval forces but also underscored the importance of collaboration in maintaining peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific Region.
KAKADU 2024
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
Malaysia proudly demonstrated its maritime prowess during KAKADU 2024, held from 9 to 20 September 2024, off Darwin, Australia. This biennial naval exercise, hosted by the Royal Australian Navy, brought together over 30 nations with a shared mission: to strengthen regional maritime security and foster trusted partnerships. Representing Malaysia, KD LEKIR took center stage, showcasing not just its capabilities but also Malaysia’s steadfast commitment to regional cooperation.
KD LEKIR joined an impressive lineup of naval assets from countries like Japan, Singapore, the United States, and Vietnam. The exercise began with a harbor phase filled with intense planning sessions and cultural exchanges, setting the stage for the demanding sea phase. KD LEKIR excelled in high-stakes scenarios, from live firing drills to air defense exercises, earning recognition for its precision and operational readiness. A moment of pride came during a live-fire drill, where KD LEKIR’s gunnery team hit their target with remarkable accuracy, a testament to the skill and professionalism of the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN).
Adding to the excitement, KD LEKIR received a special visit from Commodore D.E. Mazur, Commander Task Group of KAKADU 2024, who arrived by WINCHEX using CH-148
Cyclone helicopter. The visit was not merely ceremonial but a strategic evaluation of KD LEKIR’s capabilities. Commodore Mazur’s engagement with the crew underscored the RMN’s reputation as a reliable and effective partner in regional security initiatives.
For Malaysia, participation in KAKADU 2024 was more than a show of strength; it was a reaffirmation of the nation’s role as a key player in maintaining peace and stability in the region. The exercise allowed the RMN to hone its skills, deepen its connections with international partners, and demonstrate Malaysia’s vision for a secure and cooperative maritime environment. As KD LEKIR sailed back home, it carried not just the pride of its achievements but also the bonds forged with allies who shared a common commitment to safeguarding the seas.
MILAN 2024
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) proudly represented Malaysia in the prestigious MILAN 2024 (multilateral naval exercise). Hosted by the Indian Navy from 19 to 27 February 2024, the event unfolded in Visakhapatnam and the Bay of Bengal, bringing together an impressive assembly of 47 nations, 35 ships, and 50 aircraft. This year’s theme of camaraderie, cohesion, and collaboration highlighted the collective strength of maritime nations in promoting regional security.
Malaysia’s participation was spearheaded by KD LEKIR, a vessel that, despite decades of service, continues to showcase the RMN's operational excellence and resilience in complex, large-scale exercises. MILAN 24 marks Malaysia’s 11th appearance at this biennial event, a tradition dating back to the exercise’s inception in 1995.
The event combined naval precision with cultural exchanges, creating a rich tapestry of naval diplomacy. The six-day harbour phase featured leadership dialogues, a tabletop exercise, and vibrant cultural activities that allowed participants to deepen ties and share best practices. During the Subject Matter Expert Exchange (SMEE), Malaysian delegates, including First Admiral Roslee bin Mohamad Isa and Cdr Jamhari bin Katimin RMN, shared their expertise in maritime security operations, reinforcing Malaysia's strategic role in the region.
The sea phase was equally dynamic, testing advanced tactical operations in scenarios designed to enhance interoperability and readiness. For Malaysia, MILAN 24 is more than just drills and exercises. It’s an opportunity to forge deeper partnerships, promote defence diplomacy, and reaffirm its commitment to regional stability. As KD LEKIR sailed alongside its international counterparts, it symbolised Malaysia’s steadfast dedication to unity, resilience, and collaboration on the high seas.
THE 5TH GOA
MARITIME SYMPOSIUM
(GMS)
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Goa Maritime Symposium (GMS) 2024, held from 23 to 25 September 2024 at the Naval War College, Goa, India, served as a precursor to the Goa Maritime Conclave (GMC) 2025. Organised by the Indian Navy, its theme was "Common Maritime Security Challenges in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) - Progressing Lines of Efforts to Mitigate Dynamic Threats such as IUU Fishing and Other Illegal Maritime Activities." The event also featured the IORA Seminar on Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing 2024.
The RMN delegation included First Admiral Fadhil bin Abdul Rahman and Capt Ananthan Tharmalingam RMN. The seminar provided a platform for maritime experts to share ideas, strategies, and explore new collaborations to address complex maritime security challenges in the IOR.
During the seminar, RMN participated in seven sessions and presented a briefing titled "Enhancing the Scope of Joint Focussed Operations with Mutual Consent Toward Effective EEZ Patrol for all Goa Maritime Conclave Countries." The presentation highlighted Malaysia's collaborative maritime security efforts, using examples such as the Malacca Strait Patrol (MSP), Trilateral Cooperative Arrangement (TCA), Joint Development Area (JDA), and Information Fusion Centre (IFC).
PASSEX
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
PASSEX (Passage Exercise) is a brief naval exercise conducted between two or more navies, and it is usually conducted during ships transiting together or during encounters at sea. The nature of this exercise is to conduct exercises without delay that do not interfere with the primary mission of the ship. PASSEX is designed to improve interoperability, communication, and coordination between participating naval forces without causing significant delays or disruptions to their movements. During a PASSEX, ships engage in a variety of coordinated training, such as communication drills, manoeuvring exercises, and cross-deck helicopter
VIETNAM PEOPLE’S NAVY
operations, all while continuing their transit. These exercises allow navies to practice essential training such as replenishment at sea, search and rescue drills, and boarding procedures. While the exercises are short and focused, they play a key role in ensuring that participating forces are ready for joint operations and can work together seamlessly in future maritime missions or security efforts.
VPN Frigate 20 [Pohang-Class (20)] conducts PASSEX with KD LAKSAMANA HANG NADIM in the Straits of Melaka, 11 February 2024.
INDIAN NAVY
INS DELHI [Delhi-Class Destroyer (D 61)] and INS SHAKTI [Deepak-Class Fleet Tanker (A57)] conduct PASSEX with KD KELANTAN and KD KERIS in Sabah waters, 15 May 2024.
REPUBLIC OF KOREA NAVY
ROKS YANG MAN CHOON [Gwangaetto the Great-Class Destroyer (DDH-973)] conducts PASSEX with KD JEBAT in the Straits of Melaka, 6 March 2024.
ROYAL CANADIAN NAVY
HMCS MONTREAL [Halifax-Class Frigate (FFH 336)] conducts PASSEX with KD GAGAH SAMUDERA in the Straits of Melaka, 3 June 2024.
ROYAL AUSTRALIAN NAVY
HMAS SYDNEY (V) [Hobart-Class Guided Missile Destroyer (DDG 42)] conducts PASSEX with KD SELANGOR and KD RENCONG in Sabah waters, 5 October 2024.
HMS SPEY [River-Class Offshore Patrol Vessel (P234)] conducts PASSEX with KD PAHANG in the South China Sea, 24 October 2024.
JS SAMIDARE [Murasame-Class Destroyer (DD-106)] conducts PASSEX with KD TERENGGANU in the Straits of Melaka, 23 November 2024.
ROYAL NAVY
EXERCISE BERSAMA LIMA 2024
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
Exercise BERSAMA LIMA 2024 (XBL24), held in Singapore from 1 to 18 October 2024, was a breathtaking showcase of military prowess, highlighting the unshakable unity and advanced capabilities of the Five Power Defence Arrangements (FPDA) comprising Malaysia, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. This year’s exercise elevated regional security cooperation to new heights with cutting-edge technology and seamless collaboration across land, sea, and air.
The naval forces commanded attention, with RSS FORMIDABLE, KD TERENGGANU, KD LEKIU, RSS VALOUR, and HMS SPEY executing intricate maneuvers and simulated warfare. Their flawless coordination was a powerful demonstration of FPDA readiness to secure vital maritime routes.
The star of the exercise Australia’s six F-35A Lightning II jets, the epitome of air dominance. These stealth fighters
integrated with Malaysia’s FA-18D Hornets to conduct complex air defense drills, showcasing the interoperability of FPDA forces. Adding another layer of precision, New Zealand’s P-8A Poseidon maritime patrol aircraft took surveillance as another remarkable in ensuring superior situational awareness across the region.
The combination of fifth-gen fighter jets, maritime patrol capabilities, and coordinated air-land operations made XBL24 a game-changer in regional defence. The exercise ended with a powerful Photo Exercise (PHOTEX) in the South China Sea, symbolising the unity and strength of the FPDA.
XBL24 is a thrilling reminder of the FPDA’s strategic importance, ensuring five nations are united in their commitment in defence and security with Exercise BERSAMA LIMA 2025 set to be hosted by Malaysia, the stage is set for even more groundbreaking cooperation.
COBRA GOLD 2024
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) has made waves in regional defence by successfully participating in Exercise COBRA GOLD 2024, one of the Asia-Pacific's most prestigious multinational military exercise. Co-hosted by Thailand and the United States, this 43rd edition, held from 19 February to 8 March 2024, saw 30 nations unite to enhance operational readiness and military cooperation.
From live-fire drills to high-stakes amphibious exercises, COBRA GOLD 2024 was a true test of strength and skill. The exercise included airborne operations, cyber warfare training, Peace Enforcement Operations (PEO), and Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) missions, addressing real-world regional challenges. It was a global spectacle of force projection, with nations working together to tackle both military and non-military crises.
Representing Malaysia, the RMN sent 31 personnel to participate in the Command Post Exercise (CPX) at Camp Red Horse, U-Tapao, led by Cdr Mohd Faidzal bin Abbas RMN. In this high-pressure environment, the RMN team played a crucial role managing the Combined Naval Forces – Manoeuvre, coordinating maritime operations in complex, simulated combat scenarios. This experience sharpened participants' decision-making, strategic thinking, and cross-cultural coordination, pushing the boundaries of international military cooperation.
As COBRA GOLD 2024 wraps up, it stands as a powerful reminder of the strength of international collaboration, ensuring all nations involved are more prepared to face shared security challenges in the future.
DREAMS TO REALITY: THE JOURNEY TO BECOMING A PILOT
By: Lt Cdr Muhamad Kamal bin Abdul Rani RMN (Squadron 501)
For many, the dream of soaring through the skies, commanding an aircraft, and navigating through clouds is a childhood fantasy that sparks wonder and excitement. Becoming a pilot isn't just about controlling a machine, it's about embodying a sense of freedom and responsibility that few professions offer. From dreaming to achieving, the path to becoming a pilot is a journey that blends passion, dedication, and rigorous training. From a young age, the allure of flight captivates many. Children gaze up at airplanes streaking across the sky, imagining themselves at the helm. This initial fascination often grows into a steadfast ambition. The dream of becoming a pilot is rooted in a desire for adventure, exploration, and the mastery of a highly technical skill.
Transitioning from dream to reality requires commitment and perseverance. Prospective pilots must undergo comprehensive training and education especially in becoming naval aviators. This includes earning certifications from aviation authorities, and should pass all the requirements in becoming a military pilot. Ground school covers subjects ranging from aerodynamics and navigation to meteorology and flight regulations. Practical flight training puts theory into practice, honing skills in
take-offs, landings, emergency procedures, and navigation. Becoming a pilot demands resilience in the face of challenges. The rigorous training regimen tests mental and physical limits. Weather conditions, technical malfunctions,
and intense competition for becoming a standard military pilot is always the challenge. Overcoming these challenges requires determination and a commitment to safety and excellence.
Naval helicopter pilots face a unique set of physical and mental challenges due to the demanding nature of their work. The physical demands of naval aviation are significant. Pilots must maintain peak physical condition to handle the stresses of flight, long hours, and challenging environments. Regular physical training and a healthy lifestyle are essential for meeting these demands. The mental challenges are equally demanding. Pilots must manage high-stress situations, make split-second decisions, and operate effectively in diverse and challenging environments. Developing mental resilience through stress management techniques, strong support networks, and personal discipline is crucial for success.
Despite the numerous challenges, the rewards of becoming a naval helicopter pilot are profound. The role offers a unique blend of aviation expertise and naval service. Naval helicopter pilots engage in diverse missions, including search and rescue, anti-submarine warfare, and logistical support. The experience gained in these missions is both exhilarating and impactful. Serving as a naval helicopter pilot provides a sense of pride and accomplishment. Pilots contribute to national security and humanitarian efforts,
representing a commitment to service and excellence. The skills and experiences gained as a naval helicopter pilot open doors to a wide range of career opportunities within the military and civilian sectors, including advanced aviation roles, leadership positions, and specialized fields.
For those who navigate the challenges and emerge as naval helicopter pilots, the journey is a testament to their dedication, perseverance, and passion. Each mission and every flight symbolize not just technical skill but the overcoming of numerous obstacles, both personal and professional. Becoming a naval helicopter pilot against all odds is a powerful achievement. It reflects the ability to rise above challenges, embrace rigorous training, and commit to a life of service and excellence. For those who embark on this path, the sky is not the limit but a vast arena of opportunities and triumphs, where every flight represents the culmination of hard work, sacrifice, and an unwavering pursuit of excellence.
Becoming a pilot transforms a childhood dream into a reality shaped by passion, discipline, and unwavering dedication. It's a journey marked by challenges and triumphs, where each flight reaffirms the privilege and responsibility of commanding the skies. For those who dare to dream of flight, the journey is not merely about reaching destinations, it's about embracing the adventure of a lifetime.
EVOLUTION OF TRICLAD IN RMN’S NAVAL VESSEL
By: Lt Ir. Nur Shamimi binti Shahirol RMN (Naval Area 2 Headquarters)
Introduction
What is TriClad? What is the significance of using TriClad? What are the limitations? In the field of naval engineering, the obstacles of integrating different metals are particularly significant when designing vessels that require both strength and weight reduction to achieve the required desired speed from the Concept of Operation (CONOP), sustainability on sea and ergonomics for Navy personnel. To successfully address these issues, the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) has been using TriClad on a few ships during the Refits. TriClad specializes in structural transition joints, which make it possible to weld aluminium to steel effectively. This development has significantly increased RMN vessels' longevity and performance.
Understanding TriClad
TriClad is one type of Structural Transition Joints (STJ) and acts as a transition joint made from aluminium and steel, specifically for connecting marine-grade aluminium structures with steel components (Triclad 2024) (marine-grade steel and high tensile steel commonly used in RMN’s vessel). This bimetallic strip is produced through an explosion welding technique, which bonds the two metals without melting them, resulting in a strong and maintenance-free connection (Corigliano, et al. 2017). Furthermore, TriClad bars can also be bent with ambient temperature around a curved surface and an allowance of 300mm for tension/compression bend for the minimum bending radius (Porte 2020). Opposing traditional mechanical fasteners, STJ creates strong, durable connections that take advantage of the unique strengths of each material. Incorporating TriClad in shipbuilding brings numerous benefits, such as cost savings, weight savings, material optimization, extended service life and enhanced corrosion resistance for vessel performance and efficiency.
By enabling the integration of materials with complementary properties, TriClad has revolutionized marine construction and maintenance in Malaysia and RMN specifically. To always provide shipbuilders with the best solution, TriClad is available in custom shapes and sizes. Usually, TriClad tested to 100% UT and complies with a minimum through-thickness tensile strength of 80MPa and minimum shear strength of 60 MPa (Porte 2020).
Structural Integrity:
The explosion welding method employed in the production of TriClad results in a high-strength bond, preserving the vessel's structural integrity. Thus, watertight integrity could be strengthened.
Application in the Royal Malaysian Navy
The RMN has integrated TriClad into the construction of various vessels, especially those that combine steel hulls with aluminium superstructures. This application is particularly notable in the design of Patrol Craft Squadron, including KD SRI PERLIS and KD SRI JOHOR, after finishing both refits respectively by 2023. These ships allow for a lighter superstructure while maintaining the strength and durability of the steel hull.
How TriClad Enhances Marine Applications
Advantages of TriClad in the Royal Malaysian Navy Vessels
The implementation of TriClad in RMN vessels provides several significant advantages:
Weight Reduction:
TriClad helps to reduce the vessel's overall weight by integrating aluminium into the superstructure, which increases speed and fuel economy. Traditionally, ships, particularly those in the Fast Attack Craft (G) Squadron, use the bolt and nut system.
Corrosion Resistance:
TriClad's design makes sure that corrosion is self-limiting, resulting in a strong, waterproof junction that can withstand harsh marine environments.
TriClad structural transition joints bring a high level of reliability and quality assurance to naval applications, including those of the Royal Malaysian Navy. In addition, TriClad also certified under the stringent Military Specification MIL-J-24445A that has been used by the United States Navy, plus it is certified under EN10204 with Lloyd’s Register 3.2 approved. Durable and longer lifespan connections between incompatible metals are ensured by TriClad's unique bonding method, which is essential in excellent naval shipbuilding and promises superior performance safety. To support the RMN's goal and vision, TriClad offers the organization effective support and supplies that strengthen its operational readiness credibility and maintenance efficiency.
Conclusion
This creative approach to contemporary shipbuilding is demonstrated by its adoption of TriClad. TriClad optimizes weight and lowers maintenance while improving the strength, durability, and performance of naval vessels by facilitating smooth couplings between steel and aluminium. The RMN's dedication to integrating cutting-edge technologies in marine defence is demonstrated by this strategic use of sophisticated materials, which also guarantees operating efficiency.
COMMANDING THE SKIES AND SEAS: THE PIVOTAL ROLE OF TACTICAL COORDINATORS IN CONTEMPORARY MARITIME
By: Cdr Rosli bin Ismail RMN (KD RAJAWALI)
In the dynamic and ever-evolving domain of naval warfare, the Tactical Coordinator (TACCO) is indispensable in executing mission-critical operations. As a cornerstone of maritime aviation teams, the TACCO orchestrates tactical operations during aerial missions, leveraging its extensive expertise to manage complex sensor systems and execute real-time strategic decisions.
Within the modern naval forces of the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN), the TACCO is instrumental in ensuring the operational readiness of maritime helicopters and safeguarding national waters’ sovereignty and security. This discourse delves into the multifaceted responsibilities of TACCOs, their operational importance, and the cutting-edge technological innovations redefining their contributions to contemporary naval operations.
Central to the role of the TACCO is the responsibility for meticulous mission planning and precise tactical coordination. This demanding role entails rigorous preparatory work, wherein the TACCO must thoroughly analyse mission objectives, evaluate potential threats, and devise comprehensive operational plans. During active missions, TACCOs are tasked with integrating and managing an array of advanced sensor systems, including radar, sonar, and electronic surveillance technologies. By synthesizing data from these systems, they construct a holistic tactical overview, empowering them to make swift and informed decisions.
Whether navigating the complexities of identifying and engaging submarine threats in an anti-submarine warfare
WARFARE
(ASW) environment or orchestrating search and rescue (SAR) operations during peacetime, the TACCO’s adeptness in managing real-time information and directing their crew is indispensable to mission success.
Within the RMN, TACCOs serve aboard a variety of sophisticated aircraft, including the Super Lynx 300 and the HOM AW 139. These platforms are equipped with advanced systems tailored to specific mission profiles, encompassing Anti-Surface Warfare (ASuW), Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW), Electronic Warfare (EW), and maritime surveillance. For instance, the TACCO aboard the Super Lynx 300 plays a pivotal role in countering submarine threats, fulfilling the role of a Primary Operator for Navigational and Offensive Systems (PONY). Conversely, the TACCO on the HOM AW 139 is primarily tasked with conducting extensive maritime patrols, monitoring critical shipping lanes, and gathering actionable intelligence on naval activities.
As Navy Airborne Tactical Coordinators, these officers operate and coordinate sophisticated systems and weaponry aboard the Super Lynx 300 or the HOM AW 139. They often collaborate with counterparts from sister services, such as those operating the Royal Malaysian Air Force’s CN-235 Maritime Surveillance Aircraft (MSA). As the ship’s airborne tactical commander, the TACCO oversees all tactical elements of helicopter operations, including navigation, communication, sensor management, and weapon deployment. While the pilot focuses on flying the aircraft, the TACCO assumes the critical responsibility of managing and executing tactical operations.
Additional responsibilities may include conducting urgent search and rescue (SAR) missions and transporting personnel and equipment between ships or from ship to shore, even in mid-ocean environments. These multifaceted roles underscore the versatility of TACCOs and their indispensable contribution to safeguarding Malaysia’s maritime sovereignty and interests.
Pioneering Progress: The Fusion of Technology and Innovation
The role of the TACCO has undergone profound evolution, driven by the rapid advancement of technology. Contemporary TACCOs leverage cutting-edge sensor systems that offer superior precision and extended operational range, significantly enhancing their ability to detect, track, and engage targets. Integrating artificial intelligence and advanced data analytics into these systems has further augmented their effectiveness, providing predictive insights and real-time decision support to optimize mission outcomes.
Moreover, network-centric warfare has revolutionized TACCO operations, enabling seamless data integration and communication across multiple platforms and units. This interconnected operational framework empowers TACCOs to execute complex, multi-domain missions with unparalleled accuracy and efficiency. These technological advancements redefine the scope of TACCO’s responsibilities and underscore their critical role in shaping modern naval strategy and maintaining operational superiority.
TACCOs within the RMN are meticulously selected from among Navy Seaman Officer candidates. These officers initially trained as Bridge Watchkeepers and Warfare Officers before transitioning into the role of TACCO after acquiring several years of operational experience. Becoming a TACCO demands rigorous training and a profound mastery of tactical operations and advanced technological systems.
Aspiring TACCOs undergo an intensive curriculum combining comprehensive theoretical instruction and practical flight training. This program equips trainees with the expertise to operate and manage sophisticated systems aboard naval aircraft while cultivating strategic thinking and decision-making skills. Emphasis is placed on leading and executing swift, informed decisions under high-pressure conditions. Training is further enriched by simulated and live exercises designed to prepare TACCOs for the complexities of real-world operations.
The fusion of technical proficiency and tactical expertise is indispensable for TACCOs to excel in their roles, enabling
them to navigate high-stakes environments and contribute decisively to the success of naval missions.
Shaping Tomorrow: Strategic Influence and Future Horizons
The strategic significance of TACCOs in naval operations is of paramount importance. Their pivotal role in orchestrating and executing intricate missions ensures that naval forces maintain the ability to respond with agility and precision to dynamic and emergent threats. As the complexities of maritime security continue to escalate, the demand for proficient and highly skilled TACCOs is expected to rise correspondingly.
Advancements in technology and tactical methodologies will undoubtedly augment their operational effectiveness, further solidifying their indispensable contribution to the success of naval missions. Within the RMN and global stage, TACCOs will persist as vanguards of maritime strategy, spearheading innovation and demonstrating unparalleled excellence in executing mission-critical operations.
The TACCO role epitomizes the aspirations of officers seeking to challenge themselves and achieve excellence. Whenever a naval helicopter is deployed, the TACCO is responsible for managing and coordinating the mission. Armed with state-of-the-art radar and computational systems, advanced navigation, and tactical acumen, the TACCO uses sensors, weapons, and crew, including pilots and crew members, to accomplish mission objectives. Whether engaging hostile surface vessels in the aircraft’s primary anti-surface warfare capacity or targeting submerged submarines under the guidance of warships or allied aircraft, the TACCO is an indispensable component of the naval helicopter.
ENHANCING THE SCOPE OF JOINT-FOCUSED OPERATIONS
Presented during Goa Maritime
Tharmalingam RMN (Director General of RMN Sea Power Centre) at the Naval War College, Goa, INDIA
The maritime domain is crucial for global trade, economic growth and national security. Our EEZs extend to 200 nautical miles from our shores, granting us exclusive rights to explore and exploit marine resources. Yet, these same waters are increasingly threatened by illicit activities such as IUU fishing, piracy, smuggling and environmental degradation. The Indian Ocean, often called the “Cradle of Globalisation", has been a pivotal conduit for centuries of trade, culture and human interaction. It remains one of the main arteries for international commerce, facilitating the movement of goods and resources that sustain economies and improve the quality of life for billions of people. However, as the importance of the Indian Ocean continues to grow, so do the challenges that threaten its stability and security. For Southeast Asian nations like Malaysia, stability in the Indian Ocean is important for economic growth, trade routes, and energy security, as our waters are interconnected.
We must acknowledge our challenges before we can forge a path forward. Notably, there are four common challenges. Firstly, Non-traditional Security Threats: The rise of piracy, illicit fishing, and trafficking only complicates the already challenging landscape of maritime security. Second, Jurisdictional Disputes: Overlapping claims in our EEZs often lead to disagreements. As experienced by claimant states in 2012 and 2014 in this area, peaceful resolution under the UNCLOS arbitration and International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) can be the example we all must consider in future disagreements. We must navigate these waters carefully, ensuring our operations respect each nation's sovereignty while fostering cooperation.
Furthermore, Coordination Gaps, a lack of effective communication systems and coordinated operational plans present another hurdle in our joint efforts. A stepped-up effort should be made by optimising existing platforms such as the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) and Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS) to promote a safer ocean and ensure the free flow of maritime trade. Last but not least are the Limited Resources: Many nations need to do more with limited maritime capabilities. Our asset limitations hinder effective monitoring and enforcement across our EEZs. Apart from the listed challenges, the way forward lies in the priority of action, which all of us have been working on for years, which is operationalising the elements of Monitoring, Control and Surveillance (MCS) as a joint effort. MCS involves the use of technology, coordination, and information sharing to monitor and control maritime activities, thereby enhancing maritime security. Keys to the successful implementation of these are the power of international collaboration, focused areas of coordination and technological innovation.
Malaysia's maritime security has greatly evolved, particularly in the Malacca Strait, once labelled a "war zone" due to piracy and illegal activities. Over time, collaborative efforts transformed it into a safe and peaceful corridor. Key initiatives include the Malacca Straits Patrol (MSP), which integrates Eyes in the Sky for aerial surveillance and the Malacca Straits Sea Patrol (MSSP) for coordinated naval operations. Joint efforts like PATKOR MALINDO with Indonesia and the Combined Patrol Area/Joint Development Area (CPA/JDA) with Thailand have strengthened regional security. The Trilateral Cooperative Arrangement (TCA) between Malaysia,
Symposium 2024 by Captain Ananthan
Indonesia, and the Philippines stands as a success story in combating terrorism and piracy. The Information Fusion Centre (IFC), which established by Singapore plays a crucial role, operating as a hub for information sharing and maritime domain awareness, enhancing collaborative responses. Together, these efforts highlight regional dedication to maintaining maritime security.
The Royal Malaysian Navy proposes strengthening maritime security and safety across the Indian Ocean region by enhancing existing joint operations. This can be achieved through the integration of advanced technologies, promoting greater transparency, and fostering trust. Regular engagement at all operational levels will be key to increasing the effectiveness of these initiatives. The successful Malacca Straits Patrol (MSP) and the Trilateral Cooperative Arrangement (TCA) offer valuable models for collaboration. Sharing best practices from these initiatives can serve as a foundation for developing robust regional security frameworks tailored to the unique challenges of the Indian Ocean. Additionally, adopting the Information Fusion Centre (IFC) model will improve real-time information sharing and maritime domain awareness. By facilitating better coordination and quicker responses to threats, this proposal ensures a more secure and safe ocean, benefiting all nations involved. Enhanced cooperation will lead to stronger maritime governance in the region.
Mutual consensus is at the heart of effective Joint-Focused Operations. We must all contribute to cultivating an environment of trust among our nations. Of many elements, we can all start with three:
1 2 3
While taking steps to enhance these three aspects at the international level, each state is encouraged to fortify a strong foundation for collaboration within its own nation. In this respect, Malaysia has adopted the concept of Total Defence, a concept that is achieved through a Comprehensive strategy, as underlined in Malaysia's Defence White Paper. This concept is an approach that emphasises the involvement of every level of society, government agencies, the private sector and non-governmental organisations through the Whole of Government and the Whole of Society Approach, also known as WoGoS. It's a continuous effort to build internal cohesion, enhance defence preparedness, improve inter-agency coordination, and boost economic capacity and other aspects of national resilience thoroughly and sustainably.
In conclusion, the complexities of maritime security within our EEZs demand a collaborative approach. Enhancing the scope of Joint-Focused Operations based on mutual consent and trust can pave the way for effective and sustainable patrols in our waters. Let’s leverage our shared resources, technological advancement, and robust diplomatic engagement to foster a transformative maritime governance framework. Together, we can ensure the sustainability of our maritime environments and enhance security across the Indian Ocean Region.
A RECIPE OF COLLABORATION: THE CREDIBLE PARTNERSHIP IN INTERNATIONAL ENGAGEMENTS
By: Cdr Sugenderan a/l Nagalan RMN (RMN Sea Power Centre)
The Malaysian Defence White Paper (DWP) serves as an integral strategy in protecting the country's security interests against various unavoidable threats. The DWP sets out three main strategies, namely Concentric Deterrence, Comprehensive Defence, and Credible Partnerships. These three strategies should be considered as complementary elements to ensure Malaysia's maritime resilience and security. In line with the focus of this magazine on Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN)’s involvement in the international arena, this article will elaborate on the relationship and strategic importance of Credible Partnerships.
The Credible Partnerships promotes a high commitment to bilateral and multilateral relations, emphasising regional and international cooperation to achieve a conducive security environment. The Credible Partnerships strengthens cooperation with diplomatic stakeholders and involves bilateral and multilateral defence cooperation by the Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF) with its external partners (at the regional and global levels), focusing on defence readiness, security needs and regional stability. This regional cooperation further extends to economic policies to promote the prosperity of Malaysia's neighbouring countries in a concerted effort to promote regional resilience.
The Credible Partnerships involves the exchange of intelligence, joint training, and collaboration in maritime operations. The effectiveness of the Credible Partnerships strategy lies in the principle of mutual trust and mutual commitment in defending the interests of the country's maritime security. RMN's involvement in the international platform not only demonstrates Malaysia's dedication to global peace but also enhances the country's credibility in the eyes of the world. Through this approach, RMN can not only enhance their operational capabilities but also strengthen the regional security network with neighbouring countries and strategic partners.
Furthermore, the defence strategy of Credible Partnerships extends the concept of Defence Diplomacy. Defence diplomacy is an important effort towards conflict prevention.
It is mainly implemented through efforts such as Confidence-Building Measures (CBM), transparency, building positive norms and the establishment of communication channels. These efforts are implemented in a practical way through joint training, information sharing, visits by senior officers, officer exchanges and the provision of military education and training facilities.
Looking at RMN's perspective, naval diplomacy is a subset of military diplomacy that plays an important role in forging Credible Partnerships with other countries' navies. Naval diplomacy can accelerate and choreograph political and strategic gains in a variety of ways. In this context, military diplomacy means any step taken to persuade another person to do what the persuasion wants or to prevent someone from doing something undesirable. As diplomats, the Navy, along with its ships and naval personnel, supports the government's foreign policy and is designed to influence the leadership of a particular country during times of peace or periods of hostilities. Strategist Edward Luttwak prefers to use the Kissingerian term 'persuasion' to describe diplomacy. This approach has been practiced for a long time by RMN and has proven to play an important role in enhancing regional and global cooperation.
RMN maintains and promotes the Navy's interaction with the Navy through training and exercises, defence exhibitions, defence dialogues/forums/seminars and visits. RMN remains in close cooperation with the navies of ASEAN member states, countries under the framework of the Five-Power Defence Arrangement (FPDA) and with major/regional powers such as the United States, China, India and Japan. RMN's bilateral and multilateral cooperation, among others, involves CBM, such as Navy-to-Navy Discussions, Defence Cooperation Programme, coordinated patrols and exercises, port visits, training cooperation and exchange programmes. These initiatives enhance mutual trust, understanding, affiliation, and personal relationships among the navies involved. All of these are valuable tools for cooperation and should continue to be used by RMN to extend naval diplomatic influence among partners and friendly countries.
CYBER RESILIENCE IN MALAYSIA'S MARITIME DOMAIN: SAFEGUARDING NATIONAL MARITIME SOVEREIGNTY
By: Lt Cdr Dauod Ahmad bin Shamsuddin RMN (Eastern Fleet Command Headquarters)
Edited by: RMN Sea Power Centre
Introduction
In recent years, the growing reliance on digital technologies and interconnected systems within the maritime industry has exposed Malaysia's maritime domain to a new breed of challenges - cyber threats (Rajaram et al., 2022). The burgeoning adoption of digital advancements to enhance maritime operations has made cybersecurity a paramount concern for the maritime sector (Rajaram et al., 2022). As maritime operations become increasingly complex, digitised, and automated, managing maritime cybersecurity necessitates a comprehensive approach. The proliferation of interconnected systems between ships and shores, including navigation systems, communication networks, and port operations, renders them vulnerable to cyber-attacks.
Amid all this activity, a new challenge has emerged the threat of cybercrime. Imagine it as a cunning pirate hiding in a complex network that makes the maritime sector unable to function as usual. These unseen enemies have the potential to disturb the balance, disrupting port operations, accessing important data, and putting Malaysia's maritime sovereignty at risk. Therefore, the question that resonates with urgency is how can Malaysia make its maritime sector strong against these cyber threats and protect its sovereignty. Answering this question requires looking into the vulnerabilities, understanding the current safeguards, and exploring potential solutions. By creating strong policies, using advanced technologies, and working together, Malaysia is able navigate through these cyber challenges and ensure a secure future as a maritime leader.
CyberThreats in the Maritime Sector Faced by Malaysia
In Malaysia, there are specific vulnerabilities within the maritime sector that amplify these global threats. One vulnerability is the presence of aging infrastructure and legacy systems. Many ports and vessels still rely on outdated technology, which makes them more susceptible to known cyber exploits and lack essential security features. Another vulnerability is the skill gap in maritime cybersecurity. There is a shortage of personnel who have expertise in both maritime operations and cybersecurity. This shortage hinders effective incident response and proactive threat mitigation. The regulatory landscape for maritime cybersecurity is also fragmented, lacking a comprehensive and robust legal framework. This creates ambiguity and inconsistent enforcement practices. These vulnerabilities in Malaysia's maritime sector necessitate improvements in cybersecurity measures and resources to better protect against the risks associated with cyber threats.
Consequences of Cyber-attacks
Cyber-attacks on Malaysia's maritime sector can have severe and far-reaching consequences. These include economic losses due to disruptions in port operations, shipping delays, and potential damage to cargo. As a reliable trade partner, such attacks can also harm Malaysia's reputation. Additionally, cyber-attacks targeting navigation systems can lead to accidents, posing a threat to sensitive coastal ecosystems and causing environmental damage. Compromised ship systems and disrupted communication during cyber-attacks can jeopardise the safety of crew members and passengers. Such attacks can also disrupt communication, impede defence capabilities, and compromise sensitive national security information, raising concerns about national security.
Malaysia's Current Cyber Resilience
To comprehensively assess the current state of cyber resilience in Malaysia's maritime sector, it is essential to scrutinise its existing infrastructure, policies, and recent cyber incidents. While initiatives like the National Maritime Cyber Security Strategy demonstrate promise, they lack the robustness associated with comprehensive legislation and consistent enforcement mechanisms. Notable recent cyber incidents, such as the 2019 attack on Port Klang targeting container manifests and the 2021 ransomware attack on a logistics company, underscore the vulnerability of Malaysia's maritime industry. Despite the presence of dedicated cybersecurity agencies and public-private partnerships, challenges persist in crucial areas, including awareness, talent shortages, and reliance on outdated technology.
The Gaps and Shortcomings
The current patchwork approach to cybersecurity regulations in Malaysia's maritime domain exposes several critical shortcomings. These shortcomings must be addressed to provide a comprehensive framework for cyber resilience in the maritime sector. One of the key shortcomings is the lack of comprehensiveness in existing regulations. These regulations fail to address crucial aspects such as Operational Technology (OT) security, incident response protocols specifically tailored for maritime threats, and protocols for international cooperation in addressing cyber threats. These gaps leave significant vulnerabilities and hinder effective response measures in the maritime domain.
Moreover, the lack of clarity and consistency in the existing regulations poses a challenge. Ambiguities and inconsistencies in the regulations create confusion for stakeholders, including government agencies, industry players, and maritime operators. This lack of clarity hampers consistent enforcement and undermines the effectiveness of cybersecurity measures. Another notable shortcoming is the land-based focus of existing regulations. The emphasis on securing land-based systems neglects the unique vulnerabilities and risks associated with the maritime domain. Maritime infrastructure, including shipboard systems and communication networks, is exposed to distinct cyber threats. Failing to address these specific vulnerabilities and risks leaves critical maritime infrastructure unprotected and increases the potential for cyber- attacks.
To address these gaps and shortcomings, a seaworthy framework for cybersecurity in the maritime domain is needed. This framework should encompass comprehensive regulations that address OT security, incident response protocols tailored for maritime threats,
and protocols for international cooperation. It should provide clarity and consistency in terms of requirements and enforcement mechanisms. Furthermore, the framework should recognize and prioritize the unique vulnerabilities and risks inherent in the maritime domain, ensuring that maritime infrastructure receives adequate protection.
Strategies for Enhanced Cyber Resilience in Malaysia's Maritime Domain
Securing Malaysia's maritime sovereignty against cyber threats necessitates a comprehensive strategy integrating robust policies, cutting-edge technology, and collaborative efforts. Firstly, the implementation of sector-specific regulations is crucial, outlining minimum security standards and conducting regular assessments to identify and address vulnerabilities promptly. Establishing incident response protocols and compliance requirements will ensure a swift and coordinated response during cyberattacks.
Investment in advanced technology, such as intrusion detection systems and encryption, coupled with infrastructure upgrades, is vital. Modernising aging systems and prioritizing secure communication protocols can enhance operational continuity in the face of cyber threats. Collaboration is key, with a focus on partnerships between government agencies, private companies, and academic institutions. Establishing secure communication channels for real-time threat intelligence and promoting joint training exercises will strengthen collective defense capabilities.
Developing a skilled cybersecurity workforce is imperative, emphasizing training programs for IT professionals, maritime workers, and security personnel. Awareness campaigns will educate stakeholders about cyber threats, fostering a culture of cyber hygiene and reporting procedures. Internationally, Malaysia should collaborate with other maritime nations to share intelligence, harmonize regulations, and develop joint cyber defense strategies. Participation in cyber exercises, information-sharing agreements, and joint operations will provide insights and resources to combat cross-border cyber threats.
Conclusion
Securing Malaysia's maritime domain against cyber threats is imperative for safeguarding national security, economic prosperity, and public safety. The examination of the current landscape reveals significant vulnerabilities and underscores the need for comprehensive regulatory upgrades, technological advancements, and collaborative efforts across stakeholders. By embracing advanced solutions, fostering a culture of continuous learning and innovation, and strengthening international partnerships, Malaysia is able to navigate the dynamic cyber landscape with resilience and confidence. The journey towards cyber resilience is ongoing, requiring steadfast commitment, adaptability, and investment in human capital. Through these concerted efforts, Malaysia is able to ensure a secure future for its maritime sector amidst the evolving challenges of the digital age.
MALAPURA 32/24
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
The 32nd edition of Exercise MALAPURA, held from 13 to 24 November 2024, was more than a naval exercise; it was a celebration of 40 years of unwavering partnership between the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) and the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN). Since its inception in 1984, MALAPURA has grown into a symbol of friendship, trust, and regional maritime security. This year’s milestone exercise brought a show of maritime strength and unity. The RMN deployed warships KD LEKIU, KD LEKIR, and KD GEMPITA, a Fennec helicopter, and two SU-30MKM fighter jets from the Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF), while the RSN showcased RSS SUPREME, RSS VIGILANCE, RSS VALIANT, and a Seahawks helicopter. This combined fleet demonstrated unparalleled operational synergy and a shared commitment to keeping the region safe.
The exercise began with a vibrant Harbour Phase at Changi Naval Base, Singapore. The opening ceremony, officiated by the RSN Fleet Commander, was attended by top naval leaders, including Admiral Datuk Zulhelmy bin Ithnain, Chief of the RMN, and Rear Admiral Sean Wat Jiawen, Chief of the RSN. The camaraderie extended beyond operations with friendly sporting events, a formal reception aboard KD LEKIU, and strategic briefings that strengthened ties. The action shifted to the Sea Phase in the Straits of Melaka, where both navies engaged in intense Field Training Exercises (FTX). Drills like anti-air and surface warfare, seamanship, and communications tested the mettle of sailors and their state-of-the-art equipment. The synchronized maneuvers underscored
four decades of trust and technical excellence between the two navies. The final leg in Langkawi brought heartfelt connections and meaningful moments. Sailors participated in a brisk walk, community outreach on Pulau Tuba, and a Sailor’s Interaction Ceremony, building bonds that transcend borders. A grand reception aboard RSS SUPREME added a celebratory touch, reflecting the shared heritage and future aspirations of both navies.
The closing ceremony on 23 November was a proud moment, officiated by Rear Admiral Dato’ Baharuddin bin Wan Md Nor. Leaders from both nations, including Admiral Datuk Zulhelmy and Rear Admiral Sean Wat, lauded the success of this landmark exercise, reaffirming the deep-rooted friendship and collaboration between Malaysia and Singapore. MALAPURA 32/24 wasn’t just about drills; it was a testament to 40 years of enduring partnership, setting the stage for greater maritime security and cooperation in the decades to come.
trust and navies. The final Langkawi brought heartfelt and Sailors in a community outreach Tuba, Ceremony, bonds borders. A added a touch, reflecting heritage and aspirations both closing 23 November Dato’ Baharuddin Nor. Leaders from both Sean Wat, exercise, friendship and and MALAPURA just about drills; a testament setting stage greater maritime and the to come.
LATMA MALINDO JAYA
By: Lt Nurazwan bin Zainalabidin RMN (Eastern Fleet Command Headquarters)
Edited by: RMN Sea Power Centre
The LATMA MALINDO JAYA 2024 exercise, held from 23 to 29 June 2024 at the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) Base in Kota Kinabalu, reaffirmed the enduring maritime partnership between Malaysia and Indonesia. This annual exercise reflects both nations' unwavering commitment to regional security and cooperation in Southeast Asia.
Naval assets from the Tentara Nasional Indonesia-Angkatan Laut (TNI-AL), including KRI FRANS KAISIEPO-368, KRI SAMPARI-628, and an AS565 Panther helicopter, joined the RMN’s KD RENCONG, KD SELANGOR, and the AW139 Maritime Operations Helicopter from Squadron 503. The event was inaugurated by Vice Admiral Datuk Hj Muhammad Ruzelme bin Hj Ahmad Fahimy, RMN Eastern Fleet Commander, with First Admiral Isswarto of TNI-AL in attendance, signifying the strategic importance of this bilateral engagement.
The exercise was divided into two phases: Harbour and Sea. During the Harbour Phase at RMN Base Kota Kinabalu, personnel engaged in Field Integration Training, Operational Officers’ Discussions, and Subject Matter Expert Exchanges. Fast Roping Training involving the AW139 HOM, RMN PASKAL, and TNI-AL KOPASKA forces showcased the precision and readiness of elite units.
The Sea Phase demonstrated practical maritime collaboration in the South China Sea. Exercises included a Winching Exercise (WHINCEX), Deck Landing Training (DLT) on KD SELANGOR, and a Photo Exercise (PHOTEX), enhancing the operational capabilities and interoperability of both navies.
REGIONAL ENGAGEMENT DEPLOYMENT: MALAYSIA AND THE PHILIPPINES
By: Eastern Fleet Command Headquarters
Edited by: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Regional Engagement Deployment between Malaysia and the Philippines, which took place from 9 to 12 July 2024, underscores the robust defence diplomacy between the Malaysian and Philippine navies, showcasing regional cooperation and maritime commitment. With the deployment of KD KELANTAN and KD PARI, a voyage of 630 nautical miles was completed, reaching Cebu, Philippines.
Beyond fostering diplomatic ties, this engagement serves a dual purpose. It strengthens interoperability and trust between naval forces while simultaneously enhancing Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) across the Malaysian Maritime Zone. This proactive approach ensures real-time situational awareness, which is crucial in safeguarding regional waters against potential threats such as piracy, smuggling, and other maritime challenges.
Navigating through these strategic waters, both nations demonstrate their commitment to regional stability and maritime security. The deployment not only reaffirms cooperation but also optimises communication, logistics, and operational readiness. Such interactions enable forces
to share expertise, improve operational strategies, and refine collaborative maritime tactics.
This engagement initiatives are more than naval exercises; they represent a commitment to regional solidarity, mutual respect, and a unified front against maritime challenges. The continued collaboration between the Malaysian and Philippine navies is a testament to a commitment to ensure a secure, stable, and resilient maritime domain. This deployment is a vital step towards a more potent, more integrated regional maritime strategy, ensuring that cooperation and readiness remain the cornerstones of a secure and resilient Indo-Pacific maritime landscape.
SEAEX THAMAL 70/24
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
The SEAEX THAMAL 70/24, which began in 1979, became the basis for maritime cooperation between Malaysia and Thailand. This year, the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) and the Royal Thai Navy (RTN), together with the Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency (MMEA), the Royal Malaysian Police-Marine Operations Force (RMP-MOF), the Thai-Maritime Enforcement Coordination Centre (Thai-MECC) and the Royal Thai Marine Police (RTMP) involved the SEAEX THAMAL Series 70/24 from 17 to 23 August 2024 in the South China Sea. This exercise reinforces cooperation and shared commitment by both countries to regional maritime security and stability.
The exercise began at the 2nd Naval Area Command (NAC-2) in Songkhla, Thailand. The participating assets (ships and boats) carried out a series of training at the harbour and sea from 18 to 19 August 2024. Among the assets involved are KD PAHANG and KD SRI SARAWAK from RMN, KM REDANG from MMEA, PA 24 boat from the RMP-MOF, HTMS KRABI and HTMS LONGLOM from the RTN, HTMS SATTAHIP from the Thai-MECC and RTMP
807 boat from the RTMP. The exercise was officiated with an opening ceremony by Rear Admiral Thawatchai Pimmuang, Deputy Commander NAC 2 on 19 August 2024. The closing phase of SEAEX THAMAL 70/24 was held at the Headquarters Naval Area 1 (HQ COMNAV 1), Kuantan. The closing remarks were officiated by First Admiral Abd Halim bin Kamaruddin, Deputy Commander Naval Area 1 on 22 August 2024.
This exercise has provided an excellent opportunity for navies and maritime enforcement agencies from both countries to develop a mutual understanding of how we each think and react in different circumstances. This exercise will continue to be the best platform for Malaysia and Thailand to share their experiences and knowledge and, most importantly, provide an opportunity to strengthen the ties and enhance interoperability.
OP PATKOR MALINDO 164/24
By: Leading Rate MTP Mohd Nazreen bin Robihim (Naval Area 3 Headquarters)
Edited by: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Malaysia-Indonesia Coordinated Patrol Operation (OP PATKOR MALINDO) Series 164/24, held from 10 to 23 June 2024, showcased the enduring maritime partnership between the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) and the Tentara Nasional Indonesia-Angkatan Laut (TNI-AL). This operation, aimed at enhancing regional maritime security, underscored both nations’ shared commitment to safeguarding vital shipping lanes in Southeast Asia.
The opening ceremony, held on 12 June 2024 at Lantamal-I in Belawan, Indonesia, was officiated by Lieutenant General TNI (Mar) Nur Alamsyah, Commander of the Indonesian Navy's Doctrine, Education, and Training Command, alongside Rear Admiral Datuk Shamsuddin Ludin, Commander of the RMN’s Western Fleet. They were joined by other senior naval
leaders, including Rear Admiral Dr. Yoos Suryono, Commander of the Indonesian Navy’s Fleet Command, and Rear Admiral Roslee Mohamad Isa, Commander of Malaysia's Naval Area 3.
Over the two weeks, RMN’s KD JERAI and KD HANDALAN, alongside TNI-AL’s KRI KRAIT and KRI TORANI, conducted coordinated patrols, joint drills, and tactical exercises in the Strait of Malacca. These activities tested and enhanced the interoperability between the two navies, strengthening their ability to address maritime security challenges.
The operation concluded with a ceremony at the RMN Base in Langkawi, reinforcing the continued partnership between Malaysia and Indonesia in ensuring regional maritime stability. OP PATKOR MALINDO 164/24 highlighted the power of cooperation and mutual respect in maintaining peace in shared waters.
FCARAT 2024
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
or 30 years, the Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT) series has symbolised the unwavering partnership between Malaysia and the United States. CARAT Malaysia 2024, held from 29 October to 5 November 2024, was more than an exercise; it was a celebration of mutual trust, shared expertise, and a vision for regional stability.
This year’s drills brought together naval assets and over 800 personnel, underscoring the commitment of both nations to operational excellence. From the United States came the formidable USS DEWEY (DDG 105), an Arleigh Burke-class guided-missile destroyer, and the advanced P-8A Poseidon maritime surveillance aircraft. Representing Malaysia were the versatile KD TERENGGANU and KD RENCONG, supported by an AS 550 Fennec helicopter, two Agusta Westland AW139 helicopters, and the high-performance F/A-18D Hornet fighter.
The Sea Phase, held from 1 to 3 November 2024, was a standout, with high-stakes scenarios that included Visit, Board, Search, and Seizure (VBSS) operations and a dynamic Medical Evacuation (MEDEVAC) drill aboard KD
RENCONG. This training demanded precision and seamless collaboration, showcasing the ability of both navies to respond to real-world maritime challenges.
Onshore, the Subject Matter Expert Exchange (SMEE) sessions facilitated critical discussions on amphibious operations, aviation, and medical engagement. These exchanges were more than technical; they were moments of learning, strengthening the bond between the two forces.
The closing ceremony at Lumut Naval Base was a fitting conclusion to this milestone event. First Admiral Tay Yap Leong and Captain Pasit Somboonpakron praised the achievements of CARAT Malaysia 2024, a testament to three decades of shared success.
EXERCISE SAMUDERA PERKASA BARAT
By: Strategic Communications Division, Western Fleet Command Headquarters
Edited by: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) and the Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency (MMEA) have reinforced their commitment to safeguarding Malaysia’s maritime security and sovereignty through Exercise SAMUDERA PERKASA BARAT 7/24. Held from 23 to 30 September 2024, this joint effort aimed to enhance operational readiness and collaboration in addressing maritime warfare, law enforcement, and search and rescue (SAR) operations while tackling security threats in Malaysian waters.
The opening ceremony, officiated by First Admiral Harisundar Rajoo, Deputy Commander of the Western Fleet, took place at the RMN Warfare and Doctrine Centre (PUSPED) in Lumut. Also in attendance was First Admiral Maritime Vincent a/l Rajamony, Deputy Director of the Maritime Enforcement and Coordination Division. This exercise emphasized interoperability and the development of robust procedures to combat maritime intrusions, smuggling, and emergencies, underscoring the importance of national sovereignty.
The RMN deployed key assets, including KD MAHAWANGSA, KD GAGAH SAMUDERA, Super Lynx, Fennec, Fast Combat Boats, and RMN Special forces (PASKAL). Meanwhile, the MMEA contributed KM TUN FATIMAH, KM GAGAH, Dauphin AS365 N3 and Bombardier aircraft, Perkasa Boats, and the STAR (Special Tactical and Rescue) Team. Together, these forces conducted operations focusing on maritime warfare techniques and emergency preparedness, ensuring a unified response to potential threats in strategic areas like the Straits of Melaka.
EXERCISE SAMUDERA PERKASA TIMUR
By: Eastern Fleet Command Headquarters
Edited by: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) and the Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency (MMEA) recently collaborated in Exercise SAMUDERA PERKASA TIMUR 2/2024, conducted in the waters off Kota Kinabalu from 23 to 27 September 2024. This second iteration of the joint exercise reflects the growing synergy between the two agencies in safeguarding maritime security.
The RMN deployed KD KELANTAN and KD RENCONG, supported by a maritime helicopter (AW139), while the MMEA contributed four vessels: KM ADIL, KM BISTARI, KM STAPA, and KM RENGGIS. Adding to the exercise’s complexity, the RMN's Special Forces (PASKAL) and MMEA's Special Tactical Action and Rescue (STAR) Team conducted joint high-risk Visit, Board, Search, and Seizure (VBSS) drills. The exercise focused on Warfare and Search and Rescue (SAR) operations, aligning with a six-year strategic roadmap (2023–2028).
Divided into Harbour and Sea Phases, the exercise included Subject Matter Expert Exchanges (SMEE), Tabletop Exercises (TTX), and Field Training Exercises (FTX). These activities emphasized knowledge-sharing and operational coordination. The exercise was officially launched on September 25 by First Admiral Mohd Norizal Fahrudin, Deputy Commander of the Eastern Fleet. It concluded with a closing ceremony officiated by First Admiral Datuk Che Engku Suhaimi Che Engku Daik, Sabah and Federal Territory of Labuan Maritime Director for the MMEA.
OSTEX EAST 1/24: STRENGTHENING MARITIME DEFENCE AND SOVEREIGNTY
By: Eastern Fleet Command Headquarters
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) demonstrated its strength and commitment to safeguarding the nation’s maritime sovereignty with the successful completion of the Operational Sea Training Exercise (OSTEX) EAST Series 1/24, held from 16 to 26 May 2024. Conducted in the strategically important waters between Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, and Kuching, Sarawak, the exercise highlighted the RMN's readiness to defend Malaysia’s maritime zones.
Featuring nine surface ships, two combat boats, and a ScanEagle Unmanned Aerial System (UAS), the exercise pushed the boundaries of naval operations. The operation encompassed a wide range of activities, from navigation and surface warfare to anti-air warfare, electronic warfare, communications, and seamanship. The exercise’s complexity was elevated by the involvement of the Royal Malaysian Air Force, with HAWK aircraft and EC725 helicopters providing critical support. Together, these assets formed a well-coordinated defense operation, demonstrating Malaysia’s strength in air-sea integrated strategies.
OSTEX EAST Series 1/24 was not just an exercise in tactical readiness; it was a demonstration of Malaysia’s unyielding commitment to ensuring the security of its waters in Sabah and Sarawak, which are not only vital economic zones but integral to national sovereignty. By showcasing its operational capabilities, the RMN reaffirmed its presence and readiness to deter potential threats.
Throughout the exercise, the Eastern Fleet emphasized the importance of preparedness, ensuring that its sailors and officers in the region remain adaptable and mission ready. As the RMN continues to patrol the vast expanse of the South China Sea, it stands as a resilient guardian of Malaysia’s waters.
OSTEX WEST: STRENGTHENING THE STRATEGIC READINESS OF THE WESTERN FLEET
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) recently concluded the high-intensity Operational Sea Training Exercise West (OSTEX WEST) 2/24, held from 14 to 22 October 2024 in the strategically crucial waters off the Malacca Strait. Over the course of nine days, the exercise rigorously tested the operational readiness and resilience of more than 1,000 RMN personnel and eight vessels through a series of demanding, real-world maritime scenarios.
Earlier, OSTEX WEST Serial 1/24 was conducted from 12 to 20 May 2024. OSTEX West 1/24 witnessed the presence of 9 ships of the Western Fleet and received cooperation from a friendly team, the Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) with the involvement of 2 F/A-18D fighter aircraft.
The Malacca Strait, one of the world’s most vital and congested maritime chokepoints, proved to be an ideal backdrop for the exercise. Vessels such as KD LEKIU and KD LEKIR were challenged with advanced operations, including anti-submarine warfare, air defence maneuvers, and over-the-horizon targeting. These drills pushed the
fleet’s capabilities to their limits, ensuring that the RMN remained poised to respond swiftly and effectively to any maritime threats in these high-traffic waters.
The Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) also played a key role in the exercise, deploying F/A-18 fighter jets for maritime strike operations. This joint effort between Malaysia’s air, sea, and special operations forces demonstrated the seamless integration of the country's defence branches, underscoring the nation’s unified defence strategy and its commitment to safeguarding its maritime sovereignty on all fronts.
Vice Admiral Dato’ Ts. Shamsuddin bin Hj Ludin, Commander of the Western Fleet, emphasized that OSTEX WEST 2/24 exemplified the RMN’s unwavering pursuit of operational excellence. The exercise not only honed the fleet’s tactical skills but also reaffirmed Malaysia's dedication to maintaining stability and security in one of the world’s most strategic maritime regions.
NAVY DEPLOYS NINE VESSELS IN LARGE-SCALE EASTERN FLEET EXERCISE
By: Durie Rainer Fong (The Star Malaysia)
KOTA KINABALU: Nine Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) vessels were involved in a three-day large-scale operational training exercise in Sabah waters beginning on 14 November 2024. The ships involved were KD KELANTAN, KD KEDAH, KD SELANGOR, KD KERIS, KD SUNDANG, KD BADIK, KD SERANG and KD TODAK, as well as submarine KD TUN RAZAK. The assets sailed across the South China Sea towards the offshore station of Gugusan Semarang Peninjau. The key training activities conducted included tactical manoeuvres, naval gunfire support, static surface target shooting, air defence exercises, anti-submarine warfare exercises, and over-the-horizon targeting. Naval personnel also went through boarding and landing drills, maritime knowledge enhancements, and helicopter landings on ships.The Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) also deployed assets to strengthen joint operational readiness in the event of maritime conflicts. The three-day exercise was part of the OSTEX East 2/2024 annual exercise held from 11 to 18 November 2024 by the RMN’s Eastern Fleet Command, which serves as a primary platform to test personnel and asset readiness.
Eastern Fleet commander Vice Admiral Datuk Muhammad Ruzelme Ahmad Fahimy launched OSTEX East 2/2024 at the Sepanggar naval base here on 13 November 2024. “This (exercise) prepares the fleet to handle various threats to the sovereignty of our maritime waters and equips personnel for the Kerismas exercise, which is the largest RMN exercise, scheduled for next February,” he said in his speech.Activities for the port phase, held after the opening ceremony, included an overview of the exercise, operational discussions, and a subject matter expert exchange with RMAF.
PANGKOR WAR
By: Western Fleet Command Headquarters
Edited by: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) Western Fleet conducted the second Pangkor War of 2024 from 13 to 14 August 2024 in the northern waters of the Melaka Strait. The operation involved an impressive array of assets, including KD TERENGGANU, KD LEKIR, KD LAKSAMANA TUN ABDUL JAMIL, KD KINABALU, a Fennec helicopter, two Royal Malaysian Air Force FA-18D Hornet aircraft, and two Fast Combat Boats (FCBs).
Pangkor War 2/2024 was meticulously designed to test and enhance the fleet’s operational readiness to respond to combat scenarios and maritime crises. By simulating complex threats and scenarios, the exercise aimed to sharpen tactical proficiency, bolster crew competence, and ensure the fleet’s preparedness to safeguard Malaysia’s vital waterways.
The Straits of Melaka, a critical maritime choke point, demands constant vigilance and readiness. Exercises like Pangkor War 2/2024 underscore the RMN’s unwavering commitment to maritime security and sovereignty. Through intensive drills, the Western Fleet demonstrated its capability to address multi-faceted threats while maintaining the safety and stability of one of the world's busiest shipping lanes.
The exercise is a testament to the RMN’s dedication to ensuring Malaysia’s waters remain secure and sovereign.
By fostering a culture of operational excellence, Pangkor War 2/2024 reaffirms the RMN’s readiness to face evolving maritime challenges and its vital role in upholding national defense in the Straits of Melaka.
MALAYSIA: A HOST FOR NAVAL PORT CALLS
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
Malaysia’s strategic location along major maritime routes, such as the Straits of Melaka, has made it an important stop for naval vessels on port calls. These visits provide opportunities for countries to strengthen maritime cooperation, enhance interoperability, and share best practices. During port calls, naval personnel from various countries engage in professional exchanges, joint exercises, and discussions on common maritime security issues such as piracy and illegal activities.
ITALIAN NAVY
RAIMONDO MONTECUCCOLI
[Thaon di Revel-Class Offshore Patrol Vessel (P432)] alongside Cruise Terminal, Port Klang, 1 to 4 October 2024.
These visits also offer the chance to experience Malaysia’s diverse culture and establish connections beyond the professional realm. By hosting such visits, Malaysia contributes to fostering stronger relationships between naval forces and plays a role in promoting regional security and stability.
PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY-NAVY
JINGGANG SHAN
[Yuzhao-Class Type 071 Amphibious Transport Dock (999)] and QI JIGUANG [Type 680 Training Ship (83)] alongside Swettenham Pier, Pulau Pinang, 5 October 2024.
RFS ALDAR TSYDENZHAPOV [Steregushchiy-Class Corvette (339)] and RFS PECHENGA [Dubna-Class Tanker] alongside Swettenham Pier, Pulau Pinang, 14 to 17 October 2024.
GERMAN NAVY
FGS BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG
[Baden-Württemberg-Class Frigate (F222)] and
FGS FRANKFURT AM MAIN
[Berlin-Class Replenishment Ship (A1412)] alongside Cruise Terminal, Port Klang, 15 to 18 October 2024.
ROYAL NAVY
HMS SPEY
[River-Class Offshore Patrol Vessel (P234)] alongside Kuching-Terminal Pending, Sarawak, 21 to 24 October 2024.
PO LANG
[Brave the Wave-Class Type 2630 Tall Ship (86)] alongside Swettenham Pier, Pulau Pinang, 23 to 26 October 2024.
US NAVY
USS ABRAHAM LINCOLN
[Nimitz-class aircraft carrier (CVN-72)] alongside Cruise Terminal, Port Klang, 23 - 27 November 2024.
REPUBLIC OF KOREA NAVY
ROKS WANG GEON
[Chungmugong Yi Sun-Sin-Class Destroyer (DDH-978)] alongside Cruise Terminal, Port Klang, 9 to 10 December 2024.
JAPAN MARITIME SELF-DEFENSE FORCE
JS SAMIDARE
[Murasame-Class Destroyer (DD-106)] alongside Cruise Terminal, Port Klang, 25 to 27 November 2024.
[Arleigh Burke-Class Guided Missile Destroyer (DDG 104)] and
USS WILLIAM P. LAWRENCE
[Arleigh Burke-Class Guided Missile Destroyer (DDG 110)] alongside Cruise Terminal, Port Klang, 29 December 2024 to 2 January 2025.
FS FORBIN
FRENCH NAVY
[Horizon-Class Frigate (D620)] alongside Swettenham Pier Cruise Terminal, Penang, 13 to 15 January 2025
RMN’S GOLDEN TRIUMPH: FIRDAUS SHINES AT ASIAN PENCAK SILAT CHAMPIONSHIP
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
In a dazzling display of skill and determination, Junior Able Mohamad Firdaus bin Latib has brought glory to Malaysia by clinching gold at the 8th Asian Pencak Silat Championship in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Held from 7 to 16 October 2024, this premier event united Asia's finest martial artists in a fierce competition celebrating the rich tradition of pencak silat.
Competing in the Men’s Free Class 1 category, Firdaus delivered a stellar performance, outmaneuvering his opponents with precision and poise. His victory not only highlights his mastery of this ancient art but also strengthens Malaysia's position as a powerhouse in the international pencak silat arena. The biennial championship, organized by the International Pencak Silat Federation (PERSILAT), is a battleground where legends are made and Firdaus has cemented his name among them.
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) is bursting with pride at this remarkable achievement, with Admiral Datuk Zulhelmy bin Ithnain, the Chief of Navy, praising Firdaus’s success.
“This gold medal is a proud moment for the RMN and the nation. Firdaus exemplifies the discipline, resilience, and pursuit of excellence we uphold in the RMN. His victory
serves as an inspiration not only to our personnel but to all Malaysians striving for greatness,” Admiral Zulhelmy stated.
With this golden victory, Firdaus has not only added another jewel to Malaysia’s pencak silat legacy but also underscored the RMN’s mission to nurture talents who embody the spirit of excellence; whether on the seas or the global stage.
RMN OFFICER SHINES AT SEOUL INTERNATIONAL INNOVATION FAIR 2024
By: N4-2 Engineering Division, RMN Headquarters Edited By: RMN Sea Power Centre
Lt Cdr Ts. Chan Jun Shen RMN, together with a team led by Cdr Syed Muhammad Shafiq bin Syed Hurin RMN, has achieved a significant milestone by winning two Silver Innovation Awards at the Seoul International Innovation Fair (SIIF) 2024 on 30 November 2024 in Seoul, South Korea.
Lt Cdr Ts. Chan’s groundbreaking invention, the bio chain-lube, has garnered international acclaim and is already in use by elite athletes competing in the prestigious Ironman World Championship in Kona, Hawaii. This remarkable achievement makes him the first RMN officer to create a commercially viable sports product.
At just 18 years and 1 month old, Lt Cdr Chan also set a national record as the youngest Malaysian to complete the demanding IRONMAN competition, showcasing his extraordinary determination and resilience.
Rear Admiral Dato' Ir. Ts. Hj. Shaiful Adli Chung bin Abdullah, RMN’s Chief Engineer, applauded Lt Cdr Chan’s accomplishments as an inspiration to the Navy People: "Lt Cdr Chan’s innovation is a shining example of the creativity and technical expertise we inculcate within the RMN. His achievements highlight the importance of pushing boundaries and embracing new ideas through new ways of doing things. He presents the spirit of excellence and innovation that drives our engineering community forward."
Lt Cdr Chan’s success exemplifies the RMN’s vision of fostering ingenuity and producing high-caliber individuals who can excel on both national and global platforms. His journey inspires future generations of RMN personnel to think beyond conventional limits and contribute meaningfully to technological advancements.
MALAYSIA SHINES AT ADMIRAL’S CUP REGATTA 2024:
A MILESTONE FOR THE ROYAL MALAYSIAN NAVY
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) proudly participated in the Admiral’s Cup Regatta 2024, hosted by the Indian Naval Academy (INA) in Ezhimala, Kerala, India, from 8 to 14 December 2024. This prestigious event, which brought together 26 nations, showcased the skill and determination of the world’s finest naval sailors.
Representing Malaysia, Acting Sub-Lieutenant Nabihan and Acting Sub-Lieutenant Yusri competed valiantly in the individual sailing category. Nabihan finished 23rd, while Yusri secured 34th out of 53 competitors in a fiercely contested regatta. Their performance reflects the RMN’s commitment to developing a new generation of sailors equipped to excel on the international stage.
The Admiral’s Cup Regatta offered invaluable lessons and exposure for the Malaysian team. Competing against top sailors from around the globe has helped identify areas for improvement, fostering growth and enhancing Malaysia’s standing in international maritime sports.
Rear Admiral Dato’ Pahlawan Abd Halim bin Hj. Shaari, Commander Naval Training and Doctrine, remarked: “The performance of our young sailors at the Admiral’s Cup is a testament to their dedication and the RMN’s robust training programs. We are committed to nurturing future leaders who uphold the Navy’s values and bring pride to the nation.”
As Malaysia sets its sights on future regattas, the experience gained from this year’s competition will undoubtedly propel the RMN toward even greater achievements.
THE 34TH RAJA MUDA SELANGOR INTERNATIONAL REGATTA 2024
By: RMN Sea Power Centre
The 34th Raja Muda Selangor International Regatta (RMSIR) 2024, held from 15 to 23 November 2024, reaffirmed its status as a premier Asian sailing event.
The Malaysian Navy’s yachts, SY MARIKH and SY URANUS, crewed predominantly by naval personnel, showcased outstanding performances across the regatta's demanding races.
Spanning 260 nautical miles, the event tested sailors with three offshore passage races from Port Klang to Langkawi and tactical harbor racing around Penang and Langkawi. Among 24 entries from multiple countries, the Navy’s yachts stood out. In Class 5, SY MARIKH earned the overall runner-up position, while SY URANUS achieved a commendable fifth place in Class 1.
The regatta’s closing ceremony was graced by HRH Raja Muda of Selangor, Tengku Amir Shah ibni Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah Alhaj, who presented the awards, underscoring the prestige of this iconic event. Also present was Capt Ahmad Rashidi bin Othman RMN, Chairman of the RMN Sailing Committee, whose leadership has been instrumental in nurturing the Navy’s participation in such prestigious maritime events.
Since its launch in 1989, the RMSIR, organized by the Royal Selangor Yacht Club with the Royal Ocean Racing Club, has become a cornerstone of Asia’s keelboat sailing calendar. This year’s regatta exemplifies the Malaysian Navy’s maritime excellence and inspires future sailors to reach new horizons.
SE T INGGI-TINGGI PENG HAR GAAN
T ENTERA LA U T D IRA JA MA LA YSIA
A
T A S SEG A LA PENG
ORBANAN MELINDUNGI & MEMPERTAHANKAN
PE RA IRAN MALAYSIA, N EGARA BERT UAH IN I
DENGAN INGATAN TULUS IKHLAS
SERTA IRINGAN DOA
WITH BEST COMPLIMENTS
“SENTIASA BERSAMA KETIKA TENANG & SEMASA DIUJI”
36, Jalan Wangsa Delima 6, Pusat Bandar Wangsa Maju,
