Jan/Feb 2015 Radiance magazine

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of unwanted guests descended on the open houses, using ‘ Â?ƒÂ?‡ ’”‘‰”‡•• ‹Â? –Š‡ „‡‰‹Â?Â?‹Â?‰ǥ ™ƒ› ›‘— ƒ”‡ ƒÂ?† ‡˜‡”›–Š‹Â?‰ ‹• —Â?ÇŚ ˆ‘…—• ™‹–Š‹Â? ”‡‰—Žƒ”Ž›Ǥ ‹– eating “—‹‡–Ž› and ˆ‘Ž†‹Â?‰ ‹–• ”‹‰Š– Politicians –‹Â?‡Ǥ ‘— and ™‹ŽŽ them as drinking‹Â? stations. ƒÂ?› –Š‹Â?Â? ‡Â?’ƒ–Š› ‹• •›Â?‘Â?›Â?‘—• considered a potential harbinger of good luck. In some ˆ‘” ƒ’’”‘š‹Â?ƒ–‡Ž› Í•Í™ Â?‹Â?—–‡• Â†ÂƒÂ‹ÂŽÂ›ÇĄ ”‡ƒ…Š –Š‡ ‰‘ƒŽ ƒÂ?† ƒ™ƒÂ?‡Â? ‹ˆ ›‘— •‘ those with an eye on the social ladder were said to have ™‹–Š …‘Â?’ƒ••‹‘Â?Ǣ ‹– ‹• Â?‘–Ǥ ‹–Š ‡Â?ÇŚ regions, rice is a lucky food to be eaten on the first day ƒÂ?†ǥ ‹ˆ ’‘••‹„Ž‡ǥ †‘ ‹– –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– –Š‹Â?‰ …Š‘‘•‡Ǥ Š‹• ‹• Š‡ ’”‘Â?‹•‡Ǥ Â?‘™ spread their blight over the purposes of the day. People Â’ÂƒÂ–ÂŠÂ›ÇĄ ›‘— †‘ Â?‘– ƒŽ™ƒ›• ƒ……‡’– of the year. ‹Â? –Š‡ Â?‘”Â?‹Â?‰ ĥ ‹– ‹• Â?‘•– …‘Â?†—nj ‹– ‹• to •‘Ǣ Â?Â?‘™ guests ›‘— …ƒÂ?̾– ˆƒ‹Ž own ƒÂ?† began to send invitations special for their –Š‡ ‡Â?‡”‰› ‘ˆ ƒÂ?‘–Š‡”Ǥ Š‹• ‹• ƒÂ? ‹Žnj …‹˜‡ ™Š‡Â? ›‘— ƒ”‡ ‹Â? –Š‡ ‹Â?nj„‡–™‡‡Â? ›‘— ™‹ŽŽ Â?ƒÂ?‡ ‹–Ǥ ƒ…Š –‹Â?‡ –Š‡”‡ ‹• protection, and the old custom fell irretrievably into Ž—•‹‘Â? ‹Â? –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ’Žƒ…‡Ǥ ‘— Â?‡˜‡” •–ƒ–‡• ‘ˆ …‘Â?•…‹‘—•Â?॥Ǥ ƒ •Š‹ˆ– ‘ˆ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘Â?ÇĄ –Š‡ ˜ƒŽ‡ „‡nj ˆ‡‡Ž ‡Â?‡”‰› ˆ”‘Â? ƒÂ?‘–Š‡”Ǥ ‘— ‘Â?Ž› decline. Early American observances –™‡‡Â? ›‘— ƒÂ?† –Š‡ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” •‡Žˆ ‰‡–• ˆ‡‡Ž ƒ•’‡…–• ‘ˆ ›‘—” ‡š–‡Â?†‡† „‡‹Â?‰ ‘…—• ‘Â? ›‘—” „”‡ƒ–ŠǤ ƒÂ?‡ ƒ „”‡ƒ–Š Thus the whole range of ideas of purgation, purifications, When they eventually lost control of NewÂ?‘™Ǥ Amsterdam to ‡ŽƒšǤ ŽŽ‘™ ›‘—” ƒ™ƒ”‡Â?॥ –Š‹Â?Â?‡”Ǥ ‘— „‡…‘Â?‡ …Ž‘•‡” –‘ „‡nj ƒÂ?† ‘’’‘”–—Â?‹–‹‡• –‘ ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡ ‘” Š‡ƒŽ the„”‡ƒ–ŠǤ confessing driving off demons, expulsion of ‹Â?‰ –Š‡ Â?ƒ•–‡” ›‘— –”—Ž› ƒ”‡Ǥ ˆ ›‘— the English for the last time in 1674, they–‘ had no trouble Â?‡”‰‡ ‹Â?–‘ ›‘—” Š‹• of ‹• sins, ›‘—”•‡Žˆ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‘–Š‡”Ǥ …Š‘‘•‡ǥ „”‹Â?‰ –Š‡ ‡Â?‡”‰› on ™‹ŽŽ transpired. The idea persuading the English to abandon their–Š‡ •ƒÂ?‡ „”‡ƒ–Š ˆ”‘Â? ‡Â?‡•‹• –Šƒ– March 25 New evil out of the village and so›‘—

Â? –Š‹• Â™ÂƒÂ›ÇĄ …‘Â?’ƒ••‹‘Â? …ƒÂ? „‡ •‡‡Â? ˆ”‘Â? Š‘Â?‡ ‹Â?–‘ –Š‹• ™‘”Ž†Ǥ Š‹• ‹• remained the same the abolition of the past. So is the Year and observe it on January 1. „”‡ƒ–Š‡† Ž‹ˆ‡ ‹Â?–‘ –Š‡ …Žƒ›Ǥ ‘…—• ‘Â? ĥ –‘–ƒŽ ƒ……‡’–ƒÂ?…‡ ™‹–Š ‘˜‡ ‘ˆ ÂŽÂŽ –Š‡ ’”‘Â?‹•‡ ‘ˆ Š‡ƒ˜‡Â? ‘Â? ‡ƒ”–ŠǤ –Š‡ •‘—”…‡ ‡Â?‡”‰› ™‹–Š‹Â? ‹–Ǥ The principal customs of the day were visiting friends case of masked processions - the masks representing Šƒ– •Ǥ ”—‡ …‘Â?’ƒ••‹‘Â? …ƒÂ? „‡ Â?‹nj • ›‘— †”‹ˆ– ‹Â?Â™ÂƒÂ”Â†ÇĄ –ƒÂ?‡ ƒ ”‹‰Š– –—”Â? ”ƒ…—Ž‘—•Ǣ ‹– …ƒÂ? Š‡ƒŽ …Ž‹Â?‹…ƒŽ †‡’”‡•nj and exchanging gifts, to which the English added the the souls of the dead. The ceremonial reception of the ‹Â?–‘ ›‘—” Š‡ƒ”– ƒÂ?† Ž‡– ›‘—” Œ‘—”Â?‡› •‹‘Â? ƒÂ?† ‰‹˜‡ ›‘— ’”‘–‡…njthe New turkey shoot. But in ’‡”ˆ‡…– March 1773, York State dead, who are invited to feast and led back at the end of „‡‰‹Â?Ǥ ‡ˆ‘”‡ ’”‘…‡‡†‹Â?‰ the feast ‹Â?–‘ to the–Š‡ borders of the territory, to the sea, or the ”‘ˆ‡••‘” ‡Â?Â?ÇĄ Š ÇĄ ‹• ƒ –‹‘Â?Ǥ – ‹• ƒ ”ƒ†‹ƒÂ?– •‘—”…‡Ǥ – •Š‹Â?‡• legislature outlawed the firing of guns and explosions. ’”‘ˆ‡••‘” ‘ˆ ‡–ƒ’Š›•‹…• Â†ÂƒÂ›ÇĄ •‡– ƒÂ? ‹Â?–‡Â?–‹‘Â? ˆ‘” •‹–—nj else, is also in line with this concept. river, or‡ƒ…Š wherever ‹Â?–‘ –Š‹• ™‘”Ž† ƒÂ?† Â?‘ •Šƒ†‘™ ‡Â?ÇŚ ™‹–Š Â?‘”‡ –ŠƒÂ? –Š”‡‡ ƒ–‹‘Â? ›‘— ™‹ŽŽ ‡Â?…‘—Â?–‡”Ǥ Š‹• ‡”‰‹‡• …ƒÂ? ‘’’‘•‡ ‹–Ǥ •Šƒ†‘™ …ƒÂ?ÇŚ Add to these ™‹ŽŽ the interlude of Carnival, Saturnalia, and †‡…ƒ†‡• ‘ˆ •’‹”‹–—ƒŽ ƒŽŽ‘™ ›‘— –‘ •Š‹ˆ– ˆ‘…—• ƒ– ”‡‰—Žƒ”Ž›Ǥ The gatherings Â?‘– Ž‡ƒÂ? –‘™ƒ”† ‹–• •‘—”…‡Ǣ ‹– Â?—•– †‹•…‹’Ž‹Â?‡Ǥ –ƒ”–‹Â?‰ ĥ ƒ reversal of normal order. Though all these constitute ƒŽŽ —’‘Â? ˆ‘”‰‹˜‡Â?॥ ƒÂ?† …‘Â?Â’ÂƒÂ•ÇŚ –‡‡Â? †‘‹Â?‰ Ž‘Â?‰ Š‘—”• ‘ˆ ’”‘Œ‡…– ƒ™ƒ›Ǥ ‘Â?’ƒ••‹‘Â? ‹• ƒ ’”‘nj these are a small The practice of visiting friends continued until the first the much familiar New Year revelry, Â?‡†‹–ƒ–‹‘Â? Â†ÂƒÂ‹ÂŽÂ›ÇĄ Š‡ Ž‡ƒ”Â?‡† ƒ‹ Š‹ Č‹ ƒÂ?‰ •‹‘Â? ™Š‡Â? Â?‡‡†‡†Ǥ

ˆ ƒÂ?›–Š‹Â?‰ —Â?ÇŚ –‡…–‹˜‡ ”ƒ†‹ƒÂ?…‡ ‹Â? ™Š‹…Š ƒŽŽ ‹• ÂˆÂ‘Â”ÇŚ by primitive man during years of this century. It was a gala time when everyone sampling of the rites practiced ĆŹ — Â•Â–Â›ÂŽÂ‡Â•ČŒÇĄ ƒÂ?† Š‹ —Â?‰ǥ ‡ Šƒ• „‡‡Â? ‡š’‡…–‡† ÂƒÂ’Â’Â‡ÂƒÂ”Â•ÇĄ Šƒ˜‡ ‰”ƒ–‹–—†‡ ‰‹˜‡Â? ƒÂ?† ƒ……‡’–‡† ™‹–Š Ž‘˜‡Ǥ –Š”‘—‰Š ‘—”•‡ ‹Â? ‹”ƒ…Ž‡• –Š”‡‡ –‹Â?‡• held open house and laid out enormous feasts for the celebration of their own New Years. ˆ‘” –Š‡ ‘’’‘”–—Â?‹–› –‘ ‰‡– …Ž‘•‡” –‘ ƒÂ?† Šƒ• ™‘”Â?‡† ™‹–Š ‡‡ ÂƒÂ”Â‘ÂŽÇĄ ‡‘ƥ Š‡ •Š‹ˆ– Â?ƒ› ƒ’’‡ƒ” –‘ –ƒÂ?‡ –‹Â?‡ anyone who should drop in, whether friend or stranger. ‘’’‡ǥ ƒÂ?† –‡˜‡ ‘–Š‡” ‘Â? …ŠƒÂ?Â?‡Ž‹Â?‰Ǥ –Š‡ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” •‡Žˆ ƒÂ?† •Š‹ˆ– –‘ ‹– ‹Â?Â?‡nj ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ‹– ‹• ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ– ƒÂ?› Â?‘nj ‡ Šƒ• –ƒ—‰Š– –ƒ” —Â?ƒÂ?•ǥ ƒ …ŠƒÂ?Â?‡Ž‹Â?‰ To neglect this annual visit was a terrible slight, and †‹ƒ–‡Ž› „› ”‡“—‡•–‹Â?‰ †‹”‡…– …‘Â?–ƒ…– Â?‡Â?–Ǥ Â‘Â™Â‡Â˜Â‡Â”ÇĄ –Š‡”‡̾• ƒ Â?‡‡† –‘ Â…ÂŽÂƒÂ•Â•ÇĄ ƒ– Š‡ ‡Â?’Ž‡ ‘ˆ ‹‰Š– ˆ‘” –Š‡ Žƒ•– the roads were thronged with carriages bearing the ™‹–Š Ž‘˜‡Ǥ –Š”‡‡ ›‡ƒ”•Ǥ ‹• ™‘”Â? …‡Â?–‡”• ‘Â? –Š‡ „‡ ˆ‘…—•‡† ™Š‹…Š …‘Â?‡• ™‹–Š Â’Â”ÂƒÂ…ÇŚ holiday-makers. „”‡ƒ–Š ƒÂ?† –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ƒ•…‡Â?•‹‘Â? ‹• ’‘••‹„Ž‡ ”—•– ‡˜‡”›–Š‹Â?‰ ‹• …‘Â?Â?‡…–‡† –‘ –‹…‡Ǥ Dz Â? —Â?†‹•…‹’Ž‹Â?‡† Â?‹Â?† …ƒÂ? ÂƒÂ…ÇŚ ”—•– ›‘— ƒ”‡ ’‡”ˆ‡…– –Š‡ Unfortunately, the custom was abused; •‘—”…‡Ǥ the distinction …‘Â?’Ž‹•Š Â?‘–Š‹Â?‰Ǥdz between privacy and sociability was ignored and troops

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