Youth and the Law Review Questions
Course Introduction
This course examines the complex relationship between young people and the legal system, exploring how laws shape and respond to the lives of youth. Topics include juvenile justice, rights and responsibilities of minors, legal definitions of childhood and adolescence, and the impact of social, cultural, and economic factors on youth interactions with the law. Students will analyze case studies, legislative frameworks, and contemporary debates, gaining a critical understanding of the protections, challenges, and controversies surrounding youth within legal contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Juvenile Justice The Essentials 1st Edition by Richard
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14 Chapters
598 Verified Questions
598 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1530
Page 2
A. Lawrence
Chapter 1: Defining and Measuring Juvenile Dleinquency
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30262
Sample Questions
Q1) Many youth engage in status offenses including school truancy and curfew violations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Results of self-report measures show that delinquent behavior is spread more equally among youth of all social classes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Most serious property and personal violent crimes are committed by juvenile offenders under the age of 18.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) "Official measures" of juvenile crime use self-report questionnaires as a data source. A)True
B)False Answer: False
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Chapter 2: The History of Juvenile Justice
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30263
Sample Questions
Q1) According to Pisciotta, 19 century judges committed minors to reformatories for non-criminal acts on the premise that juvenile institutions would have a beneficial effect.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) <b>Parens patriae</b> was first tested in 1838 in ______.
A) In re Winship
B) Kent v. U.S.
C) Ex Parte Crouse
D) Commonwealth v. Fisher
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following is not a reason for differences between adult and juvenile systems:
A) Diminished youthful offender accountability
B) Diminished youthful offender legal understanding
C) Youth are under age 18
D) Youths greater amenability to treatment
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Causes of Delinquency: Rational Choice and Individual
Explanations
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42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30264
Sample Questions
Q1) Moral development theories of delinquency focus on how children learn social rules and make judgments on the basis of those rules.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Explanations of juvenile delinquency which focus on the individual include:
A) Biological, genetic and psychological causes
B) Biological, social and economic causes
C) Relationship, social disorganization, and economic causes
D) Just neurological causes.
Answer: A
Q3) The original, classical theory of crime held that it was simply a voluntary and rational choice.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Sociological Explanations of Delinquency
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30265
Sample Questions
Q1) The "strain theory" explains delinquency as being caused by the frustration of not having an equal opportunity to achieve commonly shared goals such as economic or social success.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Social structure explanations of delinquency focus on the social and cultural environment in which adolescents grow up but pay little attention to subculture groups.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The "cultural deviance theory" is also referred to as "differential association theory."
A)True
B)False
Q4) There has been _________of research to support labeling theory.
A) Vast amounts
B) A lot
C) Little
D) Average amount
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Chapter 5: Correlates and Causes of Delinquency
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46 Verified Questions
46 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30266
Sample Questions
Q1) Who originated the term "battered child syndrome"?
A) Helfer and Kempe
B) Wells and Rankin
C) Patterson and Southhammer-Loeber
D) Dr. C. Henry Kempe
Q2) Neglect refers to:
A) Parental deprivation of children.
B) Parental deprivation that is more passive in nature.
C) Parental deprivation of children, such as lack of food, shelter, clothing, care and nurturance.
D) Parental pattern on abusive behavior.
Q3) List the characteristics/purpose of the three types of gangs identified by(Huff).
Q4) Single fathers are becoming the fastest growing family norm and account for about 30% of all single-parent families.
A)True B)False
Q5) The family is the most important source of socialization in a child's life.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Police and Juvenile Offenders
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49 Verified Questions
49 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30267
Sample Questions
Q1) Traditional police patrol does a lot to prevent crime.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following describes the sanction given when the intake probation officer accepts a referral from the police, contacts parents, and releases the youth to the parents on the condition that they will report to court when ordered to do so:
A) Questioning, warning, and release in the community
B) Station Adjustment
C) Referral to a Diversion Agency
D) Issuing a Citation and Referring to Juvenile Court
Q3) Non-criminal matters handled by the police that include running away, curfew violations, and truancy are referred to as:
A) Juvenile Offenses
B) Delinquent Acts
C) Juvenile Crimes
D) Status Offenses
Q4) Police are the most visible officials in the criminal justice system.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Due Process and Juveniles Rights
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44 Verified Questions
44 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30268
Sample Questions
Q1) The Supreme Court in Re Winship ruled that the standard of evidence for adjudication of delinquency should be "preponderance of evidence."
A)True
B)False
Q2) U.S. Supreme Court cases
A) Have had little effect on juvenile processes in most states
B) Have changed the purposes of juvenile courts across the U.S.
C) Made immediate changes in juvenile courts across the U.S.
D) None of the above
Q3) Under law two elements necessary to find a person guilty of a crime are "criminal intent" and a "criminal act."
A)True
B)False
Q4) "Substantive due process" is a major factor in court decisions relating to corporal punishment in schools.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What are the main features that have distinguished juvenile court proceedings from criminal court proceedings?
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Chapter 8: Juvenile Detention and Court Intake
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48 Verified Questions
48 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30269
Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the differences in the designs of metropolitan and modern detention facilities.
Q2) The _______has upheld the constitutionality of preventive detention for juveniles.
A) Federal Government
B) Lower Courts
C) Supreme Court
D) Congress
Q3) After a youth is arrested by police, intake is the next major step in juvenile justice processing.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Referrals for informal supervision are informal or voluntary, but they require admission of delinquent involvement and may be accompanied by the threat of formal action if the youth is not cooperative.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Other than referring a juvenile to court, what options does an intake officer have?
Q6) Describe diversion and deinstitutionalization and why they are important.
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Chapter 9: Transfer to Criminal Court
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47 Verified Questions
47 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30270
Sample Questions
Q1) In mandatory waiver cases, proceedings are initiated in _________.
A) Juvenile court
B) Criminal court
C) Whichever court the prosecutor chooses
D) Adult court
Q2) According to Bishop and her associates1996), transfer resulted in ____ recidivism.
A) Increased long-term
B) Increased short-term
C) Decreased long-term
D) Decreased short-term
Q3) Under which transfer process does the juvenile court judge have the authority to waive juvenile court jurisdiction and transfer a case to the criminal court?
A) Concurrent jurisdiction
B) Judicial waiver
C) Statutory exclusion
D) Direct file
Q4) There is some evidence that juvenile transfers may be gaining popularity.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: The Juvenile Court Process
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48 Verified Questions
48 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30271
Sample Questions
Q1) The number of person offense cases has ________ since 1985.
A) Decreased dramatically
B) Increased dramatically
C) Decreased slightly
D) Increased slightly
Q2) In 2005, U.S. juvenile courts processed an estimated _______ delinquency cases that involved juveniles charged with criminal law violations.
A) 1 million
B) 500 thousand
C) 1.7 million
D) 2.5 million
Q3) Even though there may have been sufficient evidence to adjudicate a juvenile, a judge can dismiss the case if there is insufficient evidence that the child needs formal supervision by the court.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Juvenile court judges were not originally required to have a law degree.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Juvenile Corrections: Institutional and Residental
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30272
Sample Questions
Q1) Despite any good intentions of treatment or "training," staff of a juvenile training school must first be concerned about what?
A) Maintaining only order
B) Maintaining security and supervision over the residents
C) Maintaining only supervision over the residents
D) None of the Above
Q2) The field of corrections is the third major component of the what?
A) Juvenile Justice system
B) Proportionately system
C) Probation system
D) None of the Above
Q3) One of the goals for community corrections is to enforce court-ordered sanctions.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Many training schools do have some good programs, which include?
A) Medical and dental care
B) An accredited school and vocational training
C) Recreation and treatment programs.
D) All of the Above
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Chapter 12: Juvenile Pobation and Community Corrections
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30273
Sample Questions
Q1) Recidivism only refers to a new arrest.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The practice of assessing effectiveness of corrections based on arrests or other measures of recidivism has unclear limitations.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Juveniles are placed on probation supervision in the community under what condition?
A) They will follow specified court orders.
B) Thy will follow their probation officers orders.
C) They will not commit any more crimes.
D) None of the Above
Q4) In carrying out the supervision and responsibility, probation officers fulfill what three major roles and functions?
A) Treatment, surveillance and social work.
B) Casework management, treatment and social work.
C) Casework management, surveillance and social work.
D) Casework management, treatment and surveillance.
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Chapter 13: Restorative Justice
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30274
Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the history of restorative justice from the Code of Hammurabi until present day.
Q2) The restorative justice response is focused on __________ __________ and on resolving the harm done.
A) Offender-victim relationship
B) Offender punishment
C) Offender treatment
D) Offender accountability
Q3) The principles for juvenile probation under a balanced and restorative justice approach include all of the following except:
A) Community Protection
B) Offender Accountability
C) Victim Competency
D) Individualization of Probation investigations
Q4) Restorative justice is a new approach that is promoted as an alternative to traditional rehabilitation.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: The Future of Juvenile Justice
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/30275
Sample Questions
Q1) Juvenile court and justice policies have developed with a focus on children and families at risk.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Neither the rehabilitative ideal nor the social control approach has been effective in significantly reducing juvenile crime in America.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Poverty is the biggest single risk factor for the welfare of young people.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The social and economic causes of delinquency have changed.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In 2007 the family poverty rate was 25%.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Summarize the public health approach.
Q7) Describe the shift between "law-and-order" and "get-tough."
Q8) Discuss the many social factors that have an impact on juvenile justice.
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