World Cultures
Final Exam
Course Introduction
World Cultures explores the rich diversity of human societies across the globe, examining their traditions, belief systems, languages, art, social structures, and modes of everyday life. The course provides an interdisciplinary approach to understanding how culture shapes individual and group identities, influences global interactions, and responds to social, economic, and technological changes over time. Through the study of both contemporary and historical societies, students gain insight into cultural similarities and differences, fostering a deeper appreciation for complexity and interconnectedness in a rapidly globalizing world.
Recommended Textbook
Cultural Anthropology The Human Challenge 13th Edition by William A. Haviland
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16 Chapters
1469 Verified Questions
1469 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Essence of Anthropology
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107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Anthropology has been called the most human of the sciences because
A) it has developed a systemic, cross-cultural approach to understanding human behavior
B) it takes human beings as its subject matter ( the study of humankind )
C) it develops hypotheses and theories about the organization of language, values, and art in culture
D) it tackles culture as a human experience or system of meaning in which the anthropologist must involve himself/herself in order to develop adequate explanations of what is being observed
E) all of these
Answer: E
Q2) In Africa traditional healers typically outnumber modern medical advisors by a ratio of 100 to 1.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Characteristics of Culture
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Learned behavior is exhibited to one degree or another by most,if not all,mammals.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) If someone comments to you that they cannot pass judgment on a cultural aspect of someone else's culture,what is that concept called?
A)Cultural Relativism
B)Evolution of culture
C)Cultural Adaptation in practice
D)Cultural Evaluation
E)Cultural Avoidance
Answer: A
Q3) Cultural change and adaptation can sometimes lead to unexpectedly disastrous results.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Ethnographic Research: Its History, methods, and
Theories
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Unstructured,open-ended conversations in everyday life are called
A)chatting
B)formal interviews
C)informal interviews
D)advised interviews
E)arbitrary interviews
Answer: C
Q2) A worldwide interconnected landscape with multiple intertwining and overlapping peoples and cultures on the move is known as a(n)_______________.
A)multi-sited ethnography
B)globalscape
C)immigrant population
D)diasporic population
E)transnational population
Answer: B
Q3) Hortense Powdermaker was an early pioneer in "national character" studies.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Becoming Human: the Origin and Diversity of Our Species
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86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although Neandertals developed their own unique tool-making tradition,they continued to create tools using the Oldowan technology as well.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following primates has the least opposability in hands and feet?
A)bonobos
B)chimpanzees
C)humans
D)gorillas
E)baboons
Q3) Which of the following is not a true statement?
A)A biped can see more effectively than a quadruped.
B)A biped has less body area exposed to direct sunlight than a quadruped.
C)A biped can use its hands to carry objects,including weapons.
D)A biped runs faster than a quadruped.
E)None of the above is a true statement.
Q4) Melanin is known to protect the skin from harmful ultraviolet rays.
A)True
B)False
6
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Chapter 5: Language and Communication
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79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The study of the chimpanzee Chantek indicated that _______________.
A)orangutans are incapable of spoken language
B)orangutans are capable of spoken language
C)orangutans are incapable of paralanguage
D)orangutans are incapable of kinesics
E)monkeys are incapable of spoken language
Q2) Which of the following are of greatest importance in human speech?
A)mouth palate and trachea
B)epiglottis and mouth palate
C)trachea and larynx
D)epiglottis and trachea
E)larynx and epiglottis
Q3) The study of abstract rules that guide the sound patterns of a language is called
A)phonetics
B)phonology
C)syntax
D)morphology
E)substitution frames
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Social Identity, personality, and Gender
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92 Verified Questions
92 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Navajo babies begin to learn the importance of community at the
A)Baptism Ritual
B)Corn Goddess Ceremony
C)Sadhu Ritual
D)First Laugh Ceremony
E)Walkabout Ceremony
Q2) The concept of tabula rasa _______________.
A)was developed in the 20th century
B)implies that individuals are shaped primarily by their experiences,which differ from culture to culture
C)states that the races are biologically different
D)tabulates the influence of race on culture
E)is a linguistic method of doing frame substitution
Q3) One becomes the owner of one's self and capacities in societies that practice
A)a strong moral system
B)dependence training
C)adherence to the letter of the law
D)any form of religion
E)independence training
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Chapter 7: Patterns of Subsistence
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94 Verified Questions
94 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not one of the three elements of human social organization that developed with hunting?
A)sexual division of labor
B)aggressive behavior
C)food sharing
D)the camp site
E)all of the above
Q2) Progress is always advancement for humans.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The cultivation of crops using hand tools such as digging sticks or hoes is a type of farming called ________________.
A)agriculture
B)slash-and-burn
C)horticulture
D)low-tech farming
E)pastoralism
Q4) The Mekranoti constantly weed their gardens to keep the forest from invading.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Economic Systems
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69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among food foragers such as the Ju/'hoansi,_______________.
A)land is defined as a territory with usable resources and flexible boundaries that belongs to a band that has occupied it for a long time
B)land is thought of as belonging to those who have bought it
C)land is considered private property,and access to the land can be denied
D)land is owned by the ancestors and the living only use it
E)land is controlled by a corporation of strangers
Q2) Among the Inca there was such a thing as "chocolate money."
A)True
B)False
Q3) Achieving an understanding of the economic systems of other peoples rather than assuming they agree with our own hopes and expectations has become important for corporate executives in today's world.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The potlatch was a form of balanced reciprocity.
A)True
B)False
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10
Chapter 9: Sex, marriage, and Family
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96 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the areas that is most changing the composition of families today is that of
A)fictive kin
B)increasing acceptance of polygynous unions
C)new reproductive technologies
D)increasing numbers of same-sex marriages
E)decreasing divorce rates
Q2) An example of group marriage would be _______________.
A)a pastoral nomad's wife who shares her husband and her work with another woman
B) the Moonies having a large wedding ceremony at which 500 couples are married at the same time
C)a prosperous member of the Kapauku who is able to afford a bride price for four wives
D)a hippie commune where adult members of the commune have sexual access to each other
E)a Nayar household in which a woman takes several lovers
Q3) Instinctive repulsion does not explain institutionalized incest.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Kinship and Descent
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among the Yako of Nigeria,an individual might inherit grazing lands from his father's patrilineal group,and livestock and ritual knowledge from his mother's matrilineal group.This is an example of _______________ descent.
A)ambilineal
B)bilocal
C)patrilateral
D)indivisible
E)double
Q2) The Hawaiian form of kinship is the least complex.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The parent-child link appears to provide the basis for the structured social groups called descent groups.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Each Scottish clan has its own traditional tartan;the patterns themselves are extremely ancient.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Grouping by Gender, age, common Interest, and Class
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To be a Tiriki "warrior" is the equivalent of being an American college sophomore,in that both are age grades that individuals pass through.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Among the _______________,the tasks of men and women were rigidly segregated but both were considered equal.The women lived in the villages as horticulturalists,whereas the men were nomadic hunters,fishers,traders,warriors,and diplomats.The men held positions of leadership,but the women decided which men would apply for these positions and could veto their decisions.
A)Ju/'hoansi
B)Iroquois
C)Mundurucu
D)Hopi
E)19th-century Europeans
Q3) In North America,and other Western countries,women have finally achieved full parity with men in terms of income,status,and power.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Politics, power, and Violence
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97 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Cheyenne Indians are an example of a tribe.
A)True
B)False
Q2) "Political organization" refers to the way power has evolved,whether from war,political intrigue,or by ascription.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A _______________ is a regional polity in which two or more local groups are organized under a single authority figure at the head of a ranked hierarchy of people.
A)band
B)kindred
C)chiefdom
D)phratry
E)common-interest association
Q4) There is some small-scale slavery found in chiefdom societies.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Spirituality, religion, and the Supernatural
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93 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following represent the social functions of religion?
A)initiation rites among the Australian aborigines that teach tribal lore
B)rituals of garden magic among the Trobrianders that keep everyone working systematically at the dull,routine job of garden maintenance
C)myths that define divinely sanctioned roles for males and females
D)rites of passage that mark the transition from one life stage to another
E)All of the above
Q2) The early Israelites defined their deity in feminine terms.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A _______________ is a deliberate effort by members of a society to construct a more satisfying culture.
A)divination
B)rite of intensification
C)fetish
D)segmentary lineage system
E)revitalization movement
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Chapter 14: The Arts
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83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Scale systems and their modifications in music is _______________.
A)tonality
B)ethnomusicology
C)sculpture
D)verbal arts
E)pentatonic
Q2) The Penobscot traditional tribal collar Jennifer Neptune worked on was originally made during the ________________ century.
A)17th
B)18th
C)19th
D)20th
E)16th
Q3) Almost anything humans can lay their hands on can become an object of artistic expression-skin,hair,dress,dwellings,vehicles,weapons,utensils,etc.
A)True
B)False
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Processes of Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because everyone had access to critical resources and there was little social and economic differentiation among them,the Skolt Lapps had an egalitarian society.
A)True
B)False
Q2) To achieve self-determination,the Shuar abandoned their cooperative life style and acquired individual titles to land.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Diffusion is typically forced onto cultures.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Not all revolts are truly revolutionary in their consequences.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Adapting to different environments,shifting circumstances,and NEW conditions is a key requirement for long-term survival.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Global Challenges local Responses and the
Role of Anthropology
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To function effectively,a culture must instill the idea that its ways are the only proper ones,irrespective of how other cultures do things.In other words,to function effectively a culture must be _______________.
A)culturally pluralistic
B)culturally relative
C)flexible
D)ethnocentric
E)authoritarian
Q2) The demand by "developed" countries for such items as coffee,tea,chocolate,bananas,and beef has led to _______________.
A)pushing subsistence farmers off their land to make way for huge farms and ranches that specialize in cash crops
B)an increase in food supplies in "underdeveloped" nations
C)a return of urban workers to the land where work is now available for them
D)a decrease in the use of pesticides,herbicides,and artificial fertilizers
E)a narrowing of the economic gap between rich and poor in world society today
Q3) The consequences of ethnocentrism are always negative.
A)True
B)False
Page 18
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