World Civilizations II Exam Bank
Course Introduction
World Civilizations II explores the development of societies from the early modern period to the present, focusing on the global interconnections and transformations that have shaped the modern world. The course examines major events, cultural exchanges, economic systems, and social changes, including the rise and fall of empires, revolutions, industrialization, colonization, and the struggles for independence. Emphasis is placed on comparing different civilizations, analyzing their interactions, and understanding the diverse perspectives that have influenced world history since the fifteenth century. This course encourages critical thinking about the forces that have driven historical change and their impact on contemporary global society.
Recommended Textbook
Humanities The Culture Continuity and Change Volume II 1600 to the Present 2nd Edition by Henry
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Chapter 20: The Baroque in Italy: The Church and Its Appeal
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Q1) While his coworkers constructed his designs,what hobby did Bernini pursue?
A)Flower cultivation at the Villa Borghese
B)Writing plays and designing stage sets
C)Amateur archaeology in Rome's ruins
D)Composing canzonas for religious services
Q2) Why did the Baroque artists place elements on a diagonal,not the Renaissance frontal and parallel planes?
A)To evoke a sense of depth
B)To induce more defined shadows
C)To produce a sense of action
D)To provide more balance
Q3) Why was the division between the Council of Trent-rejected secular music and religious compositions less pronounced in Venice?
A)It traditionally had ignored papal authority
B)It had a large Protestant population
C)It was too far from Rome for any to notice
D)It was not a part of the Holy Roman Empire
Q4) Describe Bernini's colonnade enclosure of Vatican Square,and explain how it defines the Baroque style.
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Chapter 21: The Secular Baroque in the North: The Art of Observation
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Q1) What is the meaning of the Dutch word landschap,from which "landscape" derives?
A)Flat
B)Land form
C)Farm
D)Geography
Q2) List and define three ways in which seventeenth-century Amsterdam can be considered a city of contradictions.
Q3) Using as examples at least two of his works,describe Rembrandt van Rijn's use and meaning of light.
Q4) Why in 1656 was Rembrandt forced to declare bankruptcy?
A)His wife's poor health created massive debt
B)He had a gambling problem
C)His paintings proved unpopular and did not sell
D)He was notorious for living beyond his means
Q5) Summarize the frenzied speculation in tulip bulbs known as "Tulipomania," including its effects on the Dutch economy and the people.
Q6) Describe the development,beliefs,and appearance of the Dutch Reformed Church.
Page 4
Q7) Summarize Descartes' use of deductive reasoning to prove to his satisfaction the existence of God.
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Chapter 22: The Baroque Court: Absolute Power and Royal Patronage
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Q1) On whose work did Nicholas Poussin model his classical approach to painting?
A)Michelangelo
B)Leonardo
C)Titian
D)Raphael
Q2) Why was Louis XIV so fond of Peter Paul Rubens's paintings?
A)Their classical rationality and clarity
B)Their frank sexuality and sensual brushwork
C)Their compositionality geometry
D)Their absence of allegory and moral undertones
Q3) Citing specific examples,show how the European Baroque style blended with the art and culture of the New World's indigenous peoples.
Q4) Why did Louis XIV of France consider himself "the Sun King"?
A)His attire was so rich that he glittered when he walked
B)France's domain was so large that the sun never set on it
C)Like the sun god Apollo,he saw himself dispensing wealth
D)He believed that the world revolved around him
Q5) Describe three of the subjects and their actions in Diego Velázquez's Las Meninas.
Q6) Identify and describe three of the six dances that can make up a suite.
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Chapter 23: The Rise of the Enlightenment in England: The
Claims of Reason
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Q1) Referencing one work of art and one of literature,show how satire aimed to improve the English.
Q2) Why probably did the Easter Island residents erect the moai (monumental heads)?
A)To mark graves
B)To represent gods
C)To identify property owners
D)To frighten potential invaders
Q3) How did Samuel Richardson tell the plot of his novel Pamela,or Virtue Rewarded?
A)Stream of consciousness
B)Series of letters
C)Fictitious autobiography
D)Diary entries
Q4) Why did London's East End become home to the very poor in the eighteenth century?
A)The government converted houses into tenements
B)Parliament raised taxes on the East End's residents
C)The rich and middle class moved outside the city
D)The people spent all their money in East End's gin houses
Q5) Explain the scope and significance of Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language.
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Chapter 24: The Rococo and the Enlightenment on the
Continent: Privilege and Reason
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Q1) Why did Jean-Antoine Watteau's fêtes galantes become so popular?
A)Their mythological allusions
B)Their symmetry and perspective
C)Their erotic overtones
D)Their realistic portrayal of society
Q2) Why did the philosophes alienate themselves from the Church?
A)Disbelief in God
B)Intolerant of hierarchy and ritual
C)Disagreement with Church doctrine
D)Dislike for church ornamentation
Q3) Why did Voltaire declare that "Sparta became Athens" when Frederick the Great assumed power in Prussia?
A)Frederick collected artifacts from Greece
B)Frederick decreased his father's military forces
C)Frederick turned from military to cultural pursuits
D)Frederick opened a university devoted to liberal arts
Q4) Identify and describe two ways Rococo painting differs from Baroque.
Q5) List and explain three reasons the French philosophes admired Qing China.
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Q6) Describe the features of the English garden,and explain the intended effects on the viewer of its design.
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Chapter 25: The Rights of Man: Revolution and the
Neoclassical Style
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Q1) List and explain specific two ways Napoleon used art as propaganda.
Q2) Why in The Wealth of Nations did Adam Smith take a laissez-faire position on slavery?
A)He owned several slaves
B)Slaves could supply goods cheaper
C)Slavery was just another commodity
D)He believed blacks were inferior to the British
Q3) Who inspired Thomas Jefferson's argument for freedom in the Declaration of Independence?
A)Thomas Hobbes
B)Thomas Paine
C)John Locke
D)Voltaire
Q4) Compare Abigail Adams's views on gender equality to those of Olympe de Gouges and Mary Wollstonecraft.
Q5) Why do Jacques-Louis David's paintings have a frozen quality to them?
A)To draw attention to their high drama
B)To emphasize rationality
C)To create a clear focus
D)To preserve their formal balance
Page 9
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Chapter 26: The Romantic World View: the Self in Nature and
the Nature of Self
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Q1) Why did Francisco Goya paint The Third of May,1808,with such graphic reality?
A)To turn the Spanish against Napoleon
B)To show the horrors of war
C)To illustrate Romanticism's dark side
D)To instigate riots against Joseph Bonaparte
Q2) In Mary Shelley's Frankenstein,why does the creature embark on a quest for revenge against Dr.Frankenstein?
A)For creating him from dead body parts
B)For abandoning him to fend for himself
C)For not giving him a soul
D)For leaving him in the Arctic
Q3) In Goethe's Faust,why does the title character sell his soul to the devil?
A)Disappointed with love
B)Lust for vast riches
C)Profound boredom
D)To benefit mankind
Q4) Citing at least two examples,show how and why the later English Romantics
(Byron,Shelley,and Mary Shelley)utilized the Promethean idea in their works.
Q5) List and describe three beliefs of the Romantic artists.
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Chapter
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Q1) Why could Charles Dickens describe the suffering of London's poor so vividly and accurately?
A)He had interviewed the slum's residents
B)He had read stories of their plight
C)He had grown up in those conditions
D)He had seen them in his reporter job
Q2) Compare the subjects and themes of Gustave Courbet's The Stonebreakers and A Burial at Ornans,both of which drew criticism from French viewers.
Q3) Compare the depiction of slavery in Uncle Tom's Cabin to that in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
Q4) Why did so many people move to London between 1800 and 1880?
A)To take advantage of better schools for their children
B)To escape their hard lives as tenant farmers
C)To afford the cheaper housing the city offered
D)To be near their jobs in the factories
Q5) Explain Charles Darwin's argument of natural selection.
Q6) List and explain three ways industrialization changed the English working class people.
Q7) Describe the living and working conditions of nineteenth-century London.
Page 11
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Chapter 28: Global Confrontation and Civil War: Challenges to Cultural Identity
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Q1) List three ways Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann redesigned Paris,describing the rationale for these changes.
Q2) Why did Britain and France not support the South during the Civil War?
A)Fear of retaliation from the North
B)Discomfort with the slavery issue
C)Depleted militaries due to their own wars
D)Potential to reap financial gain if the South lost
Q3) Why did both Britain and France side with the South prior to the Civil War?
A)The South was home to many of British and French descent
B)They associated the North with nationalist ideology
C)Their economies depended on Southern cotton
D)They maintained important seaports in the South
Q4) Why does Suzuki Harunobu in both Two Courtesans.Inside and Outside the Display Window and Visiting (Kayoi)portray one woman sitting and the other standing?
A)To show one (sitting)as virtuous and one (standing)as immoral
B)To represent a phallus with the standing woman
C)To reflect the Taoist principle of harmonious opposites
D)To balance the figures within his grid structure
Page 12
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Chapter 29: In Pursuit of Modernity: Paris in the 1850s and 1860s
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Q1) Why did Wagner design the orchestra to be underneath the stage of the Bayreuth Festspielhaus?
A)To open up more space for seating
B)To draw the audience closer to the stage
C)To make the Festspielhaus distinctly German
D)To soften the sound of the orchestra
Q2) Compare Manet's Olympia to Titian's Reclining Nude,focusing on the differences in symbolic elements in the two works.
Q3) Why did the Jockey Club demand that French opera have a second-act ballet?
A)To celebrate French dance
B)To greet their late arrival
C)To employ more actors
D)To pay homage to Louis XIV
Q4) According to Baudelaire,what was the greatest job of the flâneur (man-about-town)like himself and Édouard Manet?
A)To seduce women
B)To create poetry and art
C)To challenge authority
D)To shock the bourgeoisie
Page 13
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Chapter 30: The Promise of Renewal: Hope and Possibility in
Late Nineteenth-Century Europe
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Q1) In Berthe Morisot's Summer's Day,why is one woman's dress with zigzags while the other is a patchwork of straight strokes?
A)To distinguish the clothing from the water
B)To show one's social superiority to the other
C)To emphasize the distance between them
D)To capture the diverse play of light better
Q2) Identify and define two ways Joseph Paxton's Crystal Palace revolutionized architecture and construction.
Q3) Supporting your claims with works from specific artists,define three characteristics of the French Impressionists' art.
Q4) Compare the main themes of Dostoyevsky's Crime and Punishment and Tolstoy's War and Peace.
Q5) How did William Morris and Company discriminate against women?
A)Presented them erotically in art
B)Hired them to do embroidery only
C)Paid them a lower wage than male workers
D)Refused to let them design tapestries
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Q6) Analyze the connection between work and art as illustrated by Degas's Dance Class and Caillebotte's The Floor-Scrapers.
Chapter 31: The Course of Empire: Expansion and Conflict in America
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Q1) Why did one reviewer call Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass "a mass of rotten filth"?
A)Anti-slavery sentiments
B)Native American support
C)Celebrations of sexuality
D)Free verse writing style
Q2) Why did Congress pass the Indian Removal Act in 1830?
A)To quarantine smallpox-infected Native Americans
B)To protect them from the white settlers
C)To seize their lands east of the Mississippi
D)To decrease conflicts among various tribes
Q3) Why were Thomas Eakins' The Gross Clinic and The Agnew Clinic not well received by the American public?
A)Clinical portrayal of nudity
B)Inclusion of female figures
C)Inappropriate subject for art
D)Impressionistic techniques
Q4) Using works by two different artists as examples,discuss American visual arts' curious blend of Realism and Impressionism.
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Chapter 32: The Fin De Siècle: Toward the Modern
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Q1) Why did the Society of Men of Letters refuse to accept Rodin's Monument to Balzac,forcing him to return the advance payments?
A)Too large for the designated site
B)Portrayed Balzac erotically
C)Presented Balzac nude
D)Not a realistic portrayal
Q2) How did the Symbolists present the human experience?
A)Describing the reality of human behavior
B)Suggesting instead of quantifying meaning
C)Using simple,ordinary themes and motifs
D)Showing the sexuality and human behavior
Q3) How did Louis Comfort Tiffany create his Art Nouveau stained glass?
A)Adding ground gemstones to the molten glass
B)Dusting it with gold and silver powder
C)Mixing different colors of glass together while hot
D)Placing small dots of two colors very near each other
Q4) Using specific details to support your response,describe and explain the perspectival technique of Paul Cézanne's Still Life with Plaster Cast.
Q5) List and define in depth two beliefs of Friedrich Nietzsche.
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Chapter 33: The Era of Invention: Paris and the Modern World
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Q1) Which earlier artist's work may have inspired Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon?
A)Titian
B)Manet
C)Giorgione
D)van Gogh
Q2) How can Henri Matisse's Dance II be viewed as a rebuttal to Picasso's Les Demoiselles de Avignon?
A)Matisse's figures wear clown masks,Picasso's tribal
B)Matisse's work is set in the day,Picasso's at night
C)Matisse's figures are static,Picasso's active
D)Matisse's figures are angular,Picasso's rounded
Q3) Why were Thomas Edison's early films for the Kinetoscope rather limited?
A)Only one person at a time could view them
B)Price to view them was beyond the working class
C)Lapse between slides made the films quite long
D)Only black and white images showed up on film
Q4) Compare Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring to Puccini's Madame Butterfly,describing the plots,the music,and the presentation of the two performances.
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Chapter
Generation and a New Imagination
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Q1) What did one American critic call Marcel Duchamp's Nude Descending a Staircase?
A)"The work of a French lunatic"
B)"Tin cans descending a staircase"
C)"Naked girl falling down a staircase"
D)"An explosion in a shingle factory"
Q2) With what did poet William Butler Yeats compare the postwar era?
A)Reign of Terror
B)Apocalypse
C)Inquisition
D)Dark Ages
Q3) How did Salvador Dali claim to have been inspired to paint such works as The Lugubrious Game and The Persistence of Memory?
A)Staring at a runny piece of cheese
B)Free-association sessions with Freud
C)Self-hypnosis that led to hallucinations
D)Keeping a journal of his dreams
Q4) Analyze and illustrate the connection between Freud's theories about human personality and the development of stream of consciousness in the novels of James Joyce and Virginia Woolf.
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Q5) List and define Freud's three competing drives of human personality.
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Chapter
Making It New
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Q1) What characterized the new architecture known as the International Style?
A)Great height and decorative style
B)Highly stylized forms and exotic materials
C)Plain geometries and austere design
D)Machine parts used as décor
Q2) Why did the more experimental,avant-garde films develop in Europe?
A)European films contained more symbolism
B)Europeans lacked financing of the major studios
C)Europeans viewed film as a form of high art
D)European film focused more on mood and feeling
Q3) How did New York's white population support the Harlem cultural resurgence?
A)Investing in black-owned businesses
B)Financing revitalization of Harlem apartments
C)Buying blacks' art and frequenting the clubs
D)Supporting black-owned publication houses
Q4) Compare the architecture philosophies of the International Style and Frank Lloyd Wright.
Q5) Define W.E.B Du Bois' "double consciousness" of the African Americans,and show how that "double consciousness" presents itself in two of the following from the 1920s-1930s: literature,visual art,music.
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Chapter 36: The Age of Anxiety: Fascism and Depression
holocaust and Bomb
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Q1) Why did Le Corbusier design his buildings without supporting walls?
A)Provide interior-space flexibility
B)Conserve concrete and steel
C)Make the rooms seem larger
D)Adhere to the principles of Zen
Q2) What 1927 film was the first feature-length talkie?
A)The Blue Angel
B)The Wizard of Oz
C)The Black Pirate
D)The Jazz Singer
Q3) Identify and analyze two events that aided Adolph Hitler in his rise to power in Germany.
Q4) Focusing on one work of literature and one film discussed in the chapter,analyze the artistic response to the horrors of World War II.
Q5) Why did the Nazis dislike the Bauhaus style?
A)Designs not functional for working class
B)Rejected traditional German values
C)Gropius was a known communist
D)Openness lacked adequate privacy
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Q1) In The Second Sex,Simone de Beauvoir presented complacency with the status quo as the reason for women occupying a secondary status to men.List two female Abstract Expressionist painters,and discuss their contributions to the male-dominated art.
Q2) Why do the works by Jean Dubuffet,such as Corps de Dame,look do disordered?
A)He practiced "ghost drawing," producing works while in a trance
B)He aimed for "authentic" art,divorced from convention and tradition
C)He modeled his works after the art brut created by psychotics and children
D)He deconstructed figures,reducing them to unraveled lines
Q3) As discussed in the chapter's "Continuity and Change" section,in 1954 why did the U.S.Supreme Court rule that "separate but equal" schools for whites and blacks were unacceptable?
A)The races were alienated from each other
B)Separate by definition means inherently unequal
C)Not all districts could afford racially separate schools
D)The South was excluding blacks from education
Q4) From the London Independents to Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein,artists of the 1950s and early 1960s were fascinated by American popular culture.Identify and explain two reasons for this fascination.
Page 21
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Chapter 38: Multiplicity and Diversity: Cultures of Liberation and Identity in the 1960s and 1970s
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Q1) Why did Smithson chose the inaccessible,inhospitable Utah location for Spiral Jetty?
A)The land for his project was inexpensive
B)Its barrenness symbolized the American Dream
C)The area was outside the U.S.parks system
D)Its entropy symbolized the fate of all things
Q2) Why did Smithson use the spiral shape for his land art?
A)Association with pagan religions
B)Symbolism of rebirth and renewal
C)Prevalence in nature and ornamentation
D)Reflection of the Great Salt Lake's shape
Q3) Supporting your claims with specific works,show how two of the following female visual artists of the 1960s explored and aimed to redefine gender roles: Judy Chicago,Eleanor Antin,Cindy Sherman.
Q4) In his mural F-111,how does artist James Rosenquist equate the military with consumer culture?
A)Juxtaposes consumer products with the fighter plane
B)Paints product advertisements on the plane's body
C)Symbolizes the war with various product labels
D)Shows American consumers in awe of the bomber
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Chapter 39: Without Boundaries: Multiple Meanings in a
Postmodern World
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Q1) As briefly yet clearly as possible,explain how chaos theory and the butterfly effect fits with the ideas of postmodernism.
Q2) Why did African painter Chris Ofili support The Holy Virgin Mary on two balls of elephant dung?
A)The dried and varnished dung made sturdy mounts
B)Dried elephant dung is considered good luck in Africa
C)He wanted to make himself more known through controversy
D)The Zimbabwe viewed elephant dung as a fertility symbol
Q3) Why did the makers of the film Flooded McDonald's build a replica of the fast-food restaurant at the bottom of a pool and then flood it?
A)Evoke the horror of a global deluge
B)Warn about the danger of fast food
C)Raise awareness about global warming
D)Show Western culture's self-destructiveness
Q4) Define Robert Venturi's point that postmodern architecture should represent a "difficult whole," and identify and describe two examples from the book of how this "difficult whole" is presented.
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