Theories of Personality Test Bank
Course Introduction
Theories of Personality explores the major theoretical perspectives on personality development, structure, and dynamics, including psychoanalytic, trait, humanistic, social-cognitive, and biological approaches. Students will critically examine key concepts, foundational research, and contemporary applications within each theory, gaining insight into the factors that shape individual differences in behavior, emotion, and thought. The course also addresses the strengths and limitations of various models, integrating cross-cultural and ethical considerations to enhance understanding of personality in diverse contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Theories of Personality 11th Edition by Duane P. Schultz
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15 Chapters
1256 Verified Questions
1256 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2562
Page 2
Chapter 1: Personality: What It Is and Why You Should Care
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69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/50936
Sample Questions
Q1) The Rorschach Inkblot tests,unlike the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI),can be widely used for ethnic minorities.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Men are more often diagnosed with depression than are women.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Which of the following approaches to personality assessment involves asking people to give an account of and answer questions about their behavior and feelings in various situations?
A) Behavioral assessment procedures
B) Projective techniques
C) Experience sampling procedures
D) Self-report personality tests
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Sigmund Freud: Psychoanalysis
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ego-ideal,which is the second part of the superego,consists of:
A) those behaviors for which children are punished.
B) good or correct behaviors for which children are praised.
C) the reality principle and its strivings for the ideal ego.
D) ideals and principles the ego has rejected.
Answer: B
Q2) In Freud's theory,we human beings are depicted in gloomy,pessimistic terms,condemned to a struggle with our inner forces,which we are almost always destined to lose.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) All of the following are associated with Freud's investigation of the unconscious except:
A) free association.
B) dream analysis.
C) resistances.
D) questionnaires.
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Carl Jung: Analytical Psychology
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of Jung's concept of complexes?
A) Complexes are strictly under conscious control.
B) A person with a complex can easily observe its effects.
C) Complexes are specifically stored in the collective unconscious.
D) Complexes that are not under conscious control can interfere with consciousness.
Answer: D
Q2) Contrary to Freud,Jung believed our personality is affected more by our experiences in middle age and by our hopes and expectations for the future than our experiences in childhood.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Jung believed that the self archetype does not emerge until:
A) the complexes in personal unconscious are resolved.
B) the shadow is completely suppressed.
C) all the other systems of the psyche have developed.
D) the adolescent years.
Answer: C
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5
Chapter 4: Alfred Adler: Individual Psychology
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85 Verified Questions
85 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the _____ type of style of life,one escapes failure by not facing life's problems. A) avoiding B) getting
C) dominant
D) socially useful
Q2) Describe the profiles of first-born children and only children as proposed by Adler.Compare and contrast two similarities and two differences.
Q3) Which of the following is a true statement about Adler's theory of the order of birth?
A) The birth order is majorly influenced by the genetic makeup of an individual.
B) Siblings having the same parents and living in the same house have identical social environments.
C) Being exposed to differing parental attitudes does not determine different kinds of personalities.
D) One's birth order could be determined on the basis of one's behavior.
Q4) To Adler,the unconscious,not the conscious,was at the core of personality.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Karen Horney: Neurotic Needs and Trends
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82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Horney's view,the self-image of a neurotic:
A) does not develop until he or she reaches middle age.
B) is based on an unrealistic self-appraisal.
C) does not differ from that of the normal person.
D) is formed due to the predominance of the shadow archetype.
Q2) What are neurotic trends? Mention how Horney's earlier list of needs is reformulated under neurotic trends.Describe in detail the compliant personality.
Q3) According to Horney,the neurotic trend of moving toward other people is associated with the:
A) compliant personality.
B) aggressive personality.
C) detached personality.
D) intuitive personality.
Q4) According to Horney,there are three categories of behaviors and attitudes toward oneself and others that express a person's needs.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In the context of the idealized self-image,describe the tyranny of the shoulds.
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Chapter 6: Erik Erikson: Identity Theory
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ego integrity involves:
A) making unconscious desires conscious.
B) allowing the superego and the id to be more balanced.
C) experiencing a sense of frustration with one's past.
D) accepting one's place and one's past.
Q2) Erikson identified the stage that deals with identity cohesion versus role confusion as:
A) a time when a person has a strong sense of their own identity.
B) a stage where a person develops a variety of physical and mental abilities.
C) a moratorium to give a person time and energy to play different roles.
D) a period of consistency,hope,and resolution of conflicts.
Q3) The psychosocial developmental stage of maturity that lasts the longest is the:
A) muscular-anal stage.
B) locomotor-genital stage.
C) adulthood stage.
D) latency stage.
Q4) Explain the concept of identity crisis experienced in adolescence.Explain the basic strength that is required to overcome anxiety in this stage.
Q5) Explain the terms maldevelopment,maladaptions,and malignancies as described by Erikson.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Gordon Allport: Motivation and Personality
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Secondary traits,as described by Allport,include behaviors such as aggression,self-pity,and cynicism.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Allport considered _____ to be predispositions to respond,in the same or a similar manner,to different kinds of stimuli.
A) reinforcements
B) complexes
C) sublimations
D) traits
Q3) The personality theorist who helped bring personality into the mainstream and made it an academically respectable topic is:
A) Alfred Adler.
B) Raymond Cattell.
C) Gordon Allport.
D) Erich Fromm.
Q4) Explain how facial expressions are coded.Give a few examples of how basic aspects of personality are revealed by facial expressions.
Q5) What are the characteristics of traits as summarized by Allport?
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Chapter 8: Raymond Cattell, Hans Eysenck, The Five-Factor
Theory, Hexaco, and the Dark Triad
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/50943
Sample Questions
Q1) The 16 PF is widely used to assess personality for research,clinical diagnosis,and predicting occupational success.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to Brody,Buss,and Stelmack,the theories of Cattell,Eysenck,McCrae and Costa,Ashton and Lee,and Paulhus and Williams indicate that inheritance may account for as much as _____ percent of personality.
A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50
Q3) According to Eysenck,explain the characteristics of extraverts and mention the biological differences between extraverts and introverts.
Q4) McCrae and Costa's five personality factors:
A) are the first five factors identified by Cattell.
B) show that environment is more important than heredity. C) largely overlap amongst themselves.
D) include sociability,impulsivity,and emotionality.
Q5) Describe the six personality factors of the HEXACO model of Ashton and Lee.
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Chapter 9: Abraham Maslow: Needs-Hierarchy Theory
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Metapathology,according to Maslow,causes:
A) helplessness and depression in self-actualizers.
B) frustration in self-actualizers due to failure in gratifying deficiency needs.
C) basic anxiety and hallucinations in self-admirers.
D) neurotic disorders in insecure adults.
Q2) Maslow states that metamotivation is a condition in which self-actualizers:
A) seek to satisfy a deficiency.
B) are said to be fulfilling a particular goal.
C) are motivated by external rewards.
D) are said to be developing from within.
Q3) According to Maslow,belongingness and esteem needs arise in _____.
A) adolescence
B) infancy
C) childhood
D) old age
Q4) The needs in the Maslow's needs-hierarchy theory are arranged in order from strongest at the bottom to the weakest at the top.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Carl Rogers: Self-Actualization Theory
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84 Verified Questions
84 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/50945
Sample Questions
Q1) Our level of psychological adjustment and emotional health is a function of the extent to which our:
A) self-concept is congruent with our experiences.
B) instincts are repressed.
C) anxiety is defended.
D) ideas accurately predict future events.
Q2) According to Rogers's beliefs,which of the following is motivated by the actualization tendency in people?
A) The personality shift from extraversion to introversion
B) The suppression of the dark side of the personality
C) The development of physiological functioning
D) The expression of both the anima and the animus archetype
Q3) Rogers used psychological tests to assess his clients' personalities.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In the business world,Rogers's psychotherapy:
A) received criticism particularly for its emphasis on the self-concept.
B) was of less use than the traditional means of therapy.
C) has been used as a training method for managers.
D) is less influential than his personality theory.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: George Kelly: Personal Construct Theory
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) George Kelly promoted a form of psychotherapy called _____ therapy.
A) client-centered
B) group
C) fixed role
D) behavior
Q2) Instead of being friendly,Jim continues to act in a hostile manner even when rebuffed for it.According to George Kelly,which of the following best explains Jim's persistent behavior?
A) Jim makes a low-risk choice of behaving in a hostile manner because he can predict how others will react to it.
B) Jim has never tried to be friendly,so he cannot predict how others are going to respond.
C) Jim is uncertain about changing his behavior even though the rewards for being friendly are potentially greater.
D) All of these are correct.
Q3) An impermeable construct,although resistant to change,can be easily discarded.
A)True
B)False
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13
Chapter 12: Bfskinner: Reinforcement Theory
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84 Verified Questions
84 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of the application of Skinner's behavioral approach?
A) Till date,it is untried in the real world.
B) It causes significant adverse effects in neurotics and psychotics.
C) It is widely used in schools,correctional institutions,and hospitals.
D) It is more relevant for animals than for humans.
Q2) Illustrate the operant-conditioning process using the example of a rat in a Skinner box.
Q3) In the fictional society in Skinner's novel Walden Two:
A) punishment is applied only to children.
B) neuroses are treated by psychoanalysis.
C) only group therapy is used to treat neuroses.
D) life aspects are controlled by positive reinforcement.
Q4) When placed in a Skinner box,a rat is active,sniffing,poking,and exploring its environment,displaying behaviors that are _____.
A) emitted
B) elicited
C) respondent
D) extinguished
Q5) Describe the four schedules of reinforcement and give one example for each.
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Chapter 13: Albert Bandura: Modeling Theory
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/50948
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an advantage of modeling therapy?
A) It can break down unconscious resistances.
B) It can be used with groups.
C) It can decrease self-efficacy.
D) All of these are correct.
Q2) In modeling,it is possible for individuals to acquire responses:
A) in the absence of other people.
B) that have never been performed or displayed before.
C) by the means of operant conditioning.
D) in the same way a rat learns to press the lever in the Skinner box.
Q3) Which of the following is true about the life of Albert Bandura?
A) Bandura was born in Poland and later moved to Canada with his family.
B) Bandura's childhood was unhappy and was marked by isolation and depression.
C) Bandura chose psychology out of interest despite his friends' advice.
D) Bandura's parents understood the value of education and encouraged him to study.
Q4) Describe the aspects of development of self-efficacy during childhood.
Q5) List the four interrelated processes associated with observational learning,and describe them briefly with an example.
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Chapter 14: Facets of Personality: Taking Control, Taking Chances,
and Finding Happiness
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78 Verified Questions
78 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/50949
Sample Questions
Q1) In the context of locus of control,college students generally have been found to have an _____ rather than an _____ orientation.
A) internal; external
B) external; internal
C) emotional; experiential
D) experiential; emotional
Q2) Julian Rotter's relationship with his brothers was a good example of:
A) Freud's concept of life instincts.
B) Adler's concept of birth order.
C) Erikson's concept of the identity crisis.
D) Rogers's concept of self-insight.
Q3) According to Zuckerman,the need to seek release in unrestrained social activities such as risky sex,impulsiveness,aggressiveness,and antisocial behaviors comprise the _____ component of sensation seeking.
A) disinhibition
B) experience seeking
C) boredom susceptibility
D) thrill and adventure seeking
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Chapter 15: Personality in Perspective
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who credited people with the ability to learn through example and vicarious reinforcement?
A) Rotter
B) Maslow
C) Bandura
D) Kelly
Q2) According to research,people in Eastern cultures tend to score higher in subjective well-being than people in Western cultures.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In Seligman's terms,people who believe they are in control are _____ rather than _____.
A) rational; irrational
B) restrictive; permissive
C) poor; wealthy
D) optimistic; pessimistic
Q4) Describe Kelly's theory on cognitive factors.Elaborate the non-conscious and its method of assessment.
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Page 17