Course Introduction
Survey of Psychology Exam Questions
Survey of Psychology offers a comprehensive introduction to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. This course covers major topics such as biological foundations of behavior, sensation and perception, learning, memory, development, motivation, emotion, personality, psychological disorders, and treatments, as well as social psychology. Through lectures, discussions, and applied activities, students will gain a broad understanding of basic psychological concepts, research methods, and contemporary issues in the field, laying the groundwork for further study in psychology and related disciplines.
Recommended Textbook
The Science of Psychology An Appreciative View 2nd Edition by Laura A. King
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Science of Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research has shown human beings to be notoriously bad decision makers in general. Which type of psychologist was most likely to have carried out this type of research?
A) cognitive
B) sociocultural
C) humanistic
D) psychodynamic
Answer: A
Q2) Bobby was raised in the south and encouraged to say "Yes mam and yes sir" when answering adults. This type of influence on our development would be most interesting to a ________ psychologist.
A) behavioral
B) cognitive
C) humanistic
D) sociocultural
Answer: D
Q3) Explain the fundamental differences between a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist.
Answer: Discuss the difference in credentials, and the fact that psychiatrists can prescribe medication.
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Chapter 2: Psychologys Scientific Method
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Q1) Although the true nature of the experiment was supposed to be a secret, Professor Bobson always smiled when a subject checked the left box. As a result, subjects began to routinely check
The left box. How would one describe this potential problem?
A) experimenter demands
B) unethical practices
C) demand characteristics
D) experimenter manipulation
Answer: C
Q2) Sonja believes the pill her doctor gave her has cured her of her anxiety disorder, even though, unbeknownst to her, the pill contained no active ingredients. Sonja's belief is an example of the ________ effect.
A) experimenter
B) bias
C) control
D) placebo
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Biological Foundations of Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Melinda suffers from migraine headaches. Which neurotransmitter may be overactive in her system?
A) GABA
B) glutamate
C) serotonin
D) norepinephrine
Answer: B
Q2) Adaptability refers to the brain's ability to
A) regulate complex systems.
B) combine data from multiple sources.
C) adjust to changes in one's environment.
D) All of these.
Answer: C
Q3) If you were displaying symptoms a doctor suspected were neurological in origin, and the doctor said she wanted to do some diagnostic brain imaging, one technique she might order would be an electroencephalograph.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hannah, a freshman psychology student, just discovered she has a blind spot in each eye. Should she be concerned?
A) Yes, this is probably the precursor to more severe visual problems.
B) No, everyone has blind spots.
C) Yes, although we are all born with blind spots, they should disappear by adulthood.
D) No, but she should definitely be cautious when driving at night.
Q2) Who is relying most heavily on their rods?
A) Shelby is walking down the street during the day.
B) Ray is reading in the library.
C) Marcus is trying to find his seat as the movie begins to play.
D) Andrew is watching football on TV.
Q3) You smell a flower. While receptors in your nose register a stimulus, the actual process of recognizing the stimulus as a flower's fragrance and interpreting it as pleasant is known as perception.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The optic chiasm is the point at which the optic nerves from both eyes meet.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: States of Conciousness
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Q1) What represents the most alert state of human consciousness?
A) controlled processes
B) automatic processes
C) altered state of consciousness
D) subconscious awareness
Q2) Narcolepsy is a disorder involving
A) the temporary cessation of breathing during sleep.
B) sudden uncontrollable seizures.
C) periodic attacks of uncontrollable sleep attacks.
D) difficulty staying and going to sleep.
Q3) The 24 hour biological cycle that regulates our pattern of sleep is referred to as A) circadian rhythm.
B) lunar rotational effects.
C) non-REM sequencing.
D) the range of consciousness.
Q4) Stage 4 of non-REM sleep is characterized by sharply pointed, spiky waves called "sleep spindles."
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Learning
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Q1) How might you research the connection between dopamine and operant conditioning if you had some human volunteers who gave informed consent and were found to have lowered levels of this neurotransmitter? What things might you try in an experiment?
Q2) What principles of learning do behavior modification programs rely on in order to help people change?
A) classical
B) operant
C) insight
D) observational
Q3) Studies by Ader and Cohen revealed that classical conditioning can produce A) immunosuppression.
B) extinction.
C) reinforcement.
D) reconditioning.
Q4) Latent learning stems from previously learned behavior.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Provide one example of vicarious reinforcement and one example of vicarious punishment.
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Chapter 7: Memory
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Q1) Shauna is an excellent student. She rewrites her class notes after each class. Rewriting her notes is a form of memory
A) plasticity.
B) automaticity.
C) cohesiveness.
D) rehearsal.
Q2) Retrograde amnesia involves the inability to remember the past.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to decay theory, memories fade because
A) the amygdala fails to accurately encode.
B) the cerebellum cannot hold on to information over a long period of time.
C) synaptic connections are damaged.
D) a neurochemical "memory trace" disintegrates over time.
Q4) Which of the following is likely to create a flashbulb memory?
A) the first time you drive a car
B) watching live images of 9/11
C) finding out that you are pregnant
D) All of these.
Q5) Use the principles of encoding to explain the serial position effect.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cathy just got transferred to a new department. She has long believed that her new supervisor is a cranky, disagreeable person. According to confirmation bias, what will Cathy most likely do on her first day in the new supervisor's department?
A) She will forget about the things she has thought about her new supervisor.
B) She will look for positive behaviors on the part of her supervisor.
C) She will share her feelings with the new supervisor.
D) She will look for negative behaviors on the part of the supervisor.
Q2) The fact that we hear about airplane crashes on the news more often than we hear about automobile crashes may lead us to believe that we are more likely to die in a plane than a car. This is an example of a(n)
A) subgoal strategy.
B) simulation heuristic.
C) availability heuristic.
D) representativeness heuristic.
Q3) Evidence of the role of language in cognitive activities includes the fact that
A) memory is stored in the form of images.
B) memory is stored in the form of sounds.
C) without language, people have no memories.
D) memory is stored in the form of words.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) A newly pregnant woman is warned by a doctor about teratogens. Which of the following does the doctor mention?
A) testosterone
B) serotonin
C) dopamine
D) alcohol
Q2) Giving up some power is important in a successful marriage.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Fifty-five year old Margot has retired early and is consumed with her garden. She calls the police if children ride their bicycles down her sidewalk and shouts at neighbors who come to her door collecting for local charities. According to Erikson, her lack of generativity will result in
A) stagnation.
B) isolation.
C) despair.
D) role confusion.
Q4) Satisfaction with life peaks at age 65.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Motivation and Emotion
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Q1) Describe the characteristics of a person with anorexia nervosa and the circumstances that may contribute to the development of this condition.
Q2) After watching an episode of the Dr. Phil TV show, Shanae wonders why anyone would want to air their interpersonal dirty laundry in front of 70 million viewers. Shanae is most likely wondering about the ________ of Dr. Phil's guests.
A) motivation
B) instincts
C) self-esteem
D) intelligence
Q3) A professor conducts an experiment in which she asks her students to either hold a pen between their teeth or hold a pen between their lips. After five minutes, she finds that the students who held the pen between their teeth reported being happier than those who held it between their lips. These results most strongly support the
A) Schacter-Singer theory.
B) two-factor theory of emotion.
C) Cannon-Bard theory.
D) facial feedback hypothesis.
Q4) Explain the relationship between the Yerkes-Dodson Law and test anxiety.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ________ phase of human sexual response begins the process of erotic responsiveness.
A) refractory
B) plateau
C) orgasm
D) excitement
Q2) Homosexuality is present in all cultures.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A homosexual man who is watching two lesbian women engage in sexual activity is likely to
A) become aroused.
B) begin masturbating.
C) be disinterested.
D) be disgusted.
Q4) The most effective strategies used to promote safe sex focus on A) abstinence-only practices.
B) the negative consequences associated with having sex.
C) how condom use can be pleasurable.
D) intercourse and exclude references to oral sex.
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Chapter 12: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe Jung's concept of the collective unconscious.
Q2) According to Gray, which of the following brain structures is NOT directly involved in the system for affective style?
A) amygdala
B) thalamus
C) prefrontal cortex
D) anterior cingulated cortex
Q3) At home Carrie is moody, self-centered and bossy. At social events, Carrie is the life of the party. She is funny, happy, and demonstrates social graces that none of her family ever see at home. What is Jung's explanation of Carrie's behavior?
A) Carrie adopts her persona at parties.
B) Carrie becomes her mandala at parties.
C) Carrie is her anima at home.
D) Carrie is her archetype at home.
Q4) Alfred Adler emphasized the importance of unconditional positive regard in personality development.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Define and provide examples of displacement and sublimation.
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Chapter 13: Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following practices best reduces the effects of self-objectification?
A) not allowing students to wear certain name brand clothing
B) requiring students to wear school uniforms
C) allowing students to wear any clothing they like
D) not allowing students to wear make-up at school
Q2) Conformity is to obedience as
A) Milgram is to Sherif.
B) Asch is to Milgram.
C) Zajonc is to Milgram.
D) Milgram is Zajonc.
Q3) When compared with adolescents who do not play violent video games, adolescents who do play these games are
A) more likely to engage in delinquent acts.
B) more sensitive to real-life violence.
C) less likely to engage in aggressive behaviors.
D) more likely to be sensitive to the feelings of others.
Q4) Briefly describe a situation you have been in where the fundamental attribution error has been evident. What did this mean for you? What did this mean for others?
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Industrial and Organizational Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are one of several board members that are in charge of hiring a new C.E.O. to run a company that has been showing signs of decline for several years. What type of leader should the board be seeking?
A) transactional
B) transformational
C) management by exception
D) theory X
Q2) When Ahmad interviewed for his current job, he completed a questionnaire that contained items such as, "It's okay to lie if you know you won't get caught." What type of test was this?
A) intelligence
B) ability
C) integrity
D) aptitude
Q3) According to the Hawthorne effect, people perform better when they
A) are given feedback.
B) are singled out and made to feel important.
C) receive performance appraisals.
D) are given incentives.
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Chapter 15: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The DSM-IV lists ________ different personality disorders.
A) 3
B) 6
C) 10
D) 14
Q2) Oscar feels that if he does not circle his car five times before he gets in it, he will have an accident. The feeling that he is going to have an accident represents a(n)
A) delusion.
B) compulsion.
C) hallucination.
D) obsession.
Q3) Describe both the positive and negative symptoms associated with someone who is suffering from schizophrenia.
Q4) Which of the following is a necessary criterion for a diagnosis of personality disorder?
A) chronic maladaptive behavior
B) normal behavior
C) emotional instability
D) trouble with the law
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Chapter 16: Therapies
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Q1) Lithium is considered an effective ________ drug.
A) antipsychotic
B) antianxiety
C) antidepressant
D) mood-stabilizing
Q2) Someone who uses cognitive restructuring believes that ________ are the causes of abnormal behavior.
A) unpleasant events
B) irrational beliefs
C) chemical imbalances
D) childhood experiences
Q3) A remarkable finding from research on cognitive-remediation therapy is that this therapy produces changes in the A) person's appearance.
B) therapist's perceptions.
C) person's brain functioning.
D) person's hormone levels.
Q4) Systematic desensitization is an operant conditioning technique.
A)True
B)False
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Health Psychology
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Q1) Which of the following statements about optimism and coping is FALSE?
A) Optimists avoid paying attention to news that is negative.
B) Optimists face life's challenges from a place of strength.
C) Optimists prefer to know their risk for disease.
D) Optimists engage constructively with potentially threatening information.
Q2) Brittany loves the rush she gets after a couple of shots of vodka. Brittany's motive for drinking would be characterized as A) social.
B) coping.
C) enhancement.
D) All of these.
Q3) Discuss the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior.
Q4) If you have decided to change a behavior but have not yet acted on that decision, you are in the preparation/determination stage.
A)True B)False
Q5) Measures of BMI are most accurate in athletic individuals. A)True B)False
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