Sociology of Everyday Life Final Exam
Course Introduction
Sociology of Everyday Life explores the social dynamics, patterns, and meanings embedded in daily routines, interactions, and environments. This course examines how individuals navigate norms, roles, and expectations through ordinary actions and encounters, drawing on classical and contemporary sociological theories. Topics include identity construction, the presentation of self, rituals, the significance of space and time, and the influence of culture on mundane practices. Through readings, discussions, and observational exercises, students develop an understanding of how societal structures shape personal experiences and how the ordinary is often a reflection of larger social forces.
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Experience Sociology 3rd Edition by David Croteau
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Chapter 1: Sociology in a Changing World
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Q1) In order to understand our lives, sociologists would argue that we need to
A) examine the contexts in which we live.
B) explore the motives behind our actions.
C) examine the way we interact with others.
D) explore the ways in which other people live.
Answer: A
Q2) Industrialization refers to the historical period in which economies shifted from an agricultural to a consumer base.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Positivism is a belief that individuals must act in ways that benefit the greatest number of people in society.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Structure refers to how societies and institutions are organized.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Understanding the Research Process
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Q1) Megan submitted a manuscript to a journal for publication. The editor at the journal asked experts in the topic Megan studied to read and comment on her work. Megan received feedback from these experts that she then used to improve her manuscript before it was published. What practice is described here?
A) collecting manuscript feedback
B) the peer-review process
C) gaining expert feedback
D) draft editing for publication
Answer: B
Q2) The target group a researcher is interested in studying is the A) data.
B) population.
C) sample.
D) model.
Answer: B
Q3) Intensive interviewing is a type of survey research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Culture
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Q1) People sharing a common language, worldview, history, and tradition can promote
A) cultural relativism.
B) consensus.
C) multiculturalism.
D) None of these answers is correct.
Answer: B
Q2) Poorer countries, like Kenya, have now begun to produce their own media and rely little on Western culture.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) What is another way to refer to culture?
A) a way of life
B) our actualized self
C) who we are, but not what we are
D) a collection of objects
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Social Structure
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Q1) Which of following is an example of a student exhibiting action?
A) A student follows the teacher's instructions.
B) A student helps a teacher pass out papers.
C) A student fails a test because he did not understand the material.
D) A student calls a teacher by her first name and refuses to use the title of "Ms."
Q2) Which of the following is an example of a macro-level structure?
A) an informal group of peers
B) a principal talking to one of her students
C) the American educational system
D) a large university
Q3) According to a national survey of U.S. teenagers, what is the most common way that teens today "spend time" with their friends?
A) text messaging
B) talking on the phone
C) hanging out in one another's house
D) connecting through social media
Q4) All social structures will last forever.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Power
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Q1) The ability to control and allocate resources defines which type of power?
A) political power
B) cultural power
C) economic power
D) reward power
Q2) Those who are weakest and have the lowest status in a society are unable to resist power.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A system of inequality is not viable without
A) political power.
B) economic domination.
C) authority.
D) a justifying ideology.
Q4) What factor is essential to the continued survival of a system of stratification?
A) large financial backing
B) ample resources
C) an ideology
D) dedicated members
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Chapter 6: Socialization
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Q1) From the 1950s to the present time, what has the trend been for labor force participation for men aged 65 and older?
A) There has been no clear-cut pattern, as the rates change every year.
B) It follows an up and down pattern from one decade to the next.
C) It decreased, and then has been on the increase since 1985.
D) It has stayed relatively stable over time.
Q2) Most scholars believe in the biological determinism position. A)True B)False
Q3) Which of the following best describes the impact of genes on behavior?
A) The social environment can trigger genes and associative behavior but cannot limit the impact of genes.
B) Genes represent the potential for traits but do not determine the expression of those traits.
C) Genes, in general, are more important predictors of behavior than environment.
D) None of these answers is correct.
Q4) The Boy Scouts is an agent of socialization.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 7: Interaction, Groups, and Organizations
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Q1) When organizations (such as two companies) merge, there are never problems with blending their cultures; it happens naturally.
A)True
B)False
Q2) How are in-groups and out-groups different?
A) Individuals feel they are members of out-groups, but not in-groups.
B) Individuals feel a connection to an in-group, but see out-groups as inferior.
C) Individuals believe that an out-group is superior and an in-group is inferior to them.
D) Individuals shy away from out-groups because they are more outgoing than in-groups.
Q3) What sociological concept is the idea that if someone defines a situation as real it is real in its consequences?
A) structure
B) the Thomas theorem
C) symbolic interaction
D) functionalism
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
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Q1) On what does control theory focus on in order to understand why people engage in deviant behavior?
A) why people break rules
B) why people follow rules
C) how institutions control people
D) the importance of attachment
Q2) Punk rock based its appeal on the rejection of mainstream culture and its artifacts. It lost its nonconformist credibility once its symbols were sold in stores. This scenario is consistent with which concept?
A) normalization
B) legalization
C) overconformity
D) commercialization of deviance
Q3) People can engage in deviant behavior on the basis of a rational choice-the calculation of costs and benefits.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Class and Global Inequality
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Q1) Which of the following is NOT one of the impacts of inequality between nations?
A) the structure of a nation's government
B) the health of a nation's citizens
C) an individual's access to education
D) the type of housing individuals have
Q2) Which of the following represents income?
A) savings and interest on savings
B) earned wages and stocks
C) earned wages and interest on savings
D) savings and stocks
Q3) Approximately what percentage of the total world's wealth is controlled by the bottom 80 percent of the population?
A) 10 percent
B) 6 percent
C) 4 percent
D) 1 percent
Q4) Individualism is the idea that individuals who work the hardest will be rewarded for their labor.
A)True
B)False
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Race and Ethnicity
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Q1) The Holocaust that took place during World War II is an example of A) segregation.
B) population transfer.
C) genocide.
D) assimilation.
Q2) In the 1800s, what system was created to give whites advantages over native Mexicans?
A) a closed school system
B) a racial caste system
C) a social class system
D) a system of desegregation
Q3) All the following statements are true regarding Puerto Rico <b>EXCEPT</b> that A) its residents can vote for president.
B) it has the right to elect its own governor.
C) it has a nonvoting delegate to Congress.
D) it is subject to U.S. law.
Q4) Majority groups need to learn about minority groups in their society in order to be successful.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Gender and Sexuality
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Q1) Popular culture often suggests that men are physically stronger than women. Which of the following explains how a sociologist would examine this difference?
A) All these answers would be used by sociologists
B) Men are naturally predisposed to being stronger than women because they have more testosterone in their system.
C) Men's biology is naturally more muscular than women's biology, which makes them physically stronger.
D) Men are encouraged to engage in activities that encourage muscle development, whereas women are not encouraged to build muscle.
Q2) Historically, individuals were NOT seen as being heterosexual or homosexual.
A)True
B)False
Q3) American culture discourages individuals from marrying their cousins. This is an example of a(n)
A) sexual taboo.
B) sexual deviance.
C) incest norm.
D) incest taboo.
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Chapter 12: Family and Religion
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Q1) More than a hundred years ago, families were much larger than they are now. It was much more common for families to own farms and to work as a cooperative group. There were more distinct gender roles; women worked in the home and men worked outside the home. Parenting was also viewed very differently. Parents did not involve their children in the number of activities now common in the United States. Today, children's primary roles are to receive an education and to play and be children. What has contributed to the shift in family size and the expectations of children?
A) Children today are seen as an economic liability rather than an economic asset.
B) Children today are much smarter and need more individualized attention.
C) Today's parents feel less pressure than they did a hundred years ago.
D) Parents had more food available to feed their children, since they lived on farms.
Q2) What is the largest non-Christian religious group in the United States?
A) Hindus
B) Buddhists
C) Muslims
D) Jews
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Chapter 13: Education and Work
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Q1) James is a student at an elementary school. In addition to learning math and reading, James's teachers also make sure to stress the value of hard work, honesty, and respect for their elders. The idea that James is learning societal values in addition to subject matter illustrates
A) Durkheim's moral education.
B) the transfer of knowledge function of schools.
C) Brint's behavioral conformity.
D) Bourdieu's cultural capital.
Q2) Prior to the Brown v. Board of Education decision, a high school outside a major southern city was a school for African American students exclusively. After the decision, the school integrated racially, but more recently it has resegregated. What may have caused this?
A) a decrease in residential segregation
B) an influx of white families into the area
C) an increase in residential segregation
D) a decrease in school choice programs
Q3) There is little difference across workplace cultures in the United States.
A)True
B)False
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Media and Consumption
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Q1) How has the saturation of media changed interpersonal interactions?
A) More and more of our social interactions are filtered through media.
B) We spend a lot of time talking to friends face-to-face about media.
C) We spend more time in interpersonal interactions today because of new media.
D) We spend less time at home because we need to work more hours to pay for expanded media.
Q2) Billy does not have a home computer or Internet access away from school because his family cannot afford it. His classmates come from more affluent backgrounds and have these things. This inequality illustrates
A) a social hierarchy.
B) class warfare.
C) the digital divide.
D) alienation.
Q3) Use of the Internet has spread very quickly, and people throughout the world have open access to it today.
A)True
B)False
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Communities, the Environment, and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) W. E. B. Du Bois pioneered a systematic study of
A) Hispanic communities.
B) black urban life.
C) urban poverty and homelessness.
D) urban class structures.
Q2) The balance between the availability and protection of natural resources and their continued consumption is referred to as
A) the green movement.
B) environmentalism.
C) capitalism.
D) sustainability.
Q3) Which of the following best describes most people's opinions of medical doctors in nineteenth-century America?
A) pillars of the community
B) educated and well-paid
C) generally unskilled
D) trusted, though not paid well
Q4) Urbanization in the developing world is declining.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Politics and the Economy
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Q1) What group receives the greatest benefit from common tax breaks?
A) working-class families
B) small businesses
C) higher-income earners
D) large businesses
Q2) As part of the New Deal, the government intervened to address extreme unemployment by implementing
A) legislation that outlawed labor strikes.
B) a welfare-to-work program.
C) a public works program.
D) All these answers are correct.
Q3) The United States has one of the lowest voter turnout rates of any Western industrialized democracy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The United States has always kept a large military force.
A)True
B)False
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Social Change: Globalization, Population, and Social Movements
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Q1) According to demographic transition theory, societies that embraced industrialization were able to reduce overall birth and death rates. The primary reason behind this reduction was
A) increased affluence.
B) the introduction of birth control.
C) improved knowledge about sanitation and disease.
D) transition from extended to nuclear families.
Q2) Globalization shifted power away from national governments to corporations and transnational entities such as the World Bank. The effect of this shift is
A) improved global security and peace.
B) an improvement of living standards around the world.
C) increased prosperity in developing nations.
D) an increased power of wealthy nations over poor ones.
Q3) The most likely candidate for recruitment into a social movement would be a(n)
A) unemployed person.
B) disenchanted employee.
C) college student.
D) retiree.
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