Sociology of Culture
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
Sociology of Culture explores the ways in which culture shapes social life, identities, and group dynamics. This course examines how cultural practices, beliefs, and symbols influence and are influenced by social structures, power relations, and historical context. Topics include the production and consumption of cultural goods, media and popular culture, the role of language and rituals, subcultures, and the intersection of culture with race, class, gender, and globalization. Through both classical theories and contemporary case studies, students will critically analyze processes of meaning-making and understand how culture both reflects and transforms society.
Recommended Textbook
Experience Sociology 3rd Edition by David Croteau
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17 Chapters
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2
Chapter 1: Sociology in a Changing World
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100 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is industrialization?
A) the creation of jobs that pay workers by the hour
B) the shift from living on farms to living in cities
C) the use of products in farming to increase crop yield
D) the use of machines to mass produce items for purchase
Answer: D
Q2) What was Immanuel Kant describing with the motto "Dare to know"?
A) modernity
B) urbanization
C) industrialization
D) the Enlightenment
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following terms refers to the shared values within a society?
A) culture
B) mechanical solidarity
C) organic solidarity
D) collective conscience
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Understanding the Research Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a study, Hans found that the length of a prison sentence varied based on the convict's race, social class, and number of prior arrests. What was the dependent variable in his study?
A) race
B) social class
C) length of prison sentence
D) number of prior arrests
Answer: C
Q2) Dr. Karner is interested in learning how students in his department feel about the courses being offered. To select the students who will take the questionnaire, he wrote the names of every student on small slips of paper and blindly drew 100 names from a hat. What sampling method did he use?
A) convenience sampling
B) lotto sampling
C) quota sampling
D) random sampling
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Wearing a swimsuit to school is a violation of a norm.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Norms for participation in the online world are known as A) etiquette.
B) cultural rituals.
C) netiquette.
D) cyber rules.
Answer: C
Q3) When people teach their children to push only the button of the floor that they need when going into the elevator, what is the purpose?
A) to show their children what real culture is
B) to show the symbolism in pushing the appropriate button
C) to teach appropriate behaviors
D) to show them that culture in the U.S. is more refined than in other countries
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Social Structure
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would be an example of a social status?
A) the economy of a given country
B) one school within a larger school system
C) parents' need to care for their children
D) a freshman student
Q2) Social structures never change; they are constant fixtures of a society.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Social integration is when group members argue over the values and goals of the group.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A student enters his English class and greets his teacher by saying, "Good morning, Mrs. Smith" and the teacher returns the greeting by saying, "Good morning to you, Erik." This type of exchange happens over and over again as students file into the classroom. This exchange represents which type of practice?
A) macro-level interaction
B) convention
C) norm violation
D) breaching experiment
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Power
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which system accomplishes the LEAST inequality?
A) capitalism
B) communism
C) state socialism
D) democratic socialism
Q2) Lai is a powerful and wealthy businesswoman who enjoys all the benefits of her class background. To attain her position, however, she struggled to overcome the disadvantage and discrimination of her gender in a male-dominated business environment. This scenario corresponds with which concept?
A) matrix of domination
B) social closure
C) traditional authority
D) power as knowledge
Q3) According to Max Weber, the opportunities offered by a person's economic position are known as
A) rewards.
B) life chances.
C) economic advantages.
D) illegitimate powers.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Socialization
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Michel Foucault, where do the effects of culture reside?
A) with our family and close friends
B) in our society
C) within each person
D) outside of ourselves
Q2) Kids often play dress-up or play school as a form of
A) resocialization.
B) imitation.
C) role modeling.
D) anticipatory socialization.
Q3) What agent of socialization has become the most influential in contemporary society?
A) schools
B) religion
C) the media
D) the workplace
Q4) Based on the concept of the looking glass self, a child will feel a sense of pride when praised by his or her parents.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Interaction, Groups, and Organizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following does NOT illustrate homophily?
A) A young man's best friend is the same gender and age.
B) A neighborhood consists of married couples all with similar educational backgrounds.
C) Everyone at a community center is of the same religious background.
D) People of all different classes and ethnicities are interacting at a block party.
Q2) Secondary groups that have a more formal structure and are formed to accomplish a specific task (like a business) are known as
A) social networks.
B) organizations.
C) categories.
D) societies.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a bureaucratic organization?
A) The division of labor becomes so complex it is inefficient.
B) Written rules do not always cover new situations efficiently.
C) Impersonality can make it seem like no one is responsible.
D) It tends to be so informal that there are no written procedures.
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) Deviant subcultures provide their members with A) an identity and self-worth.
B) stable environments.
C) useful skills.
D) future opportunities.
Q2) Which is NOT a factor driving the medicalization of deviance?
A) power of pharmaceutical companies
B) direct consumer advertising
C) improvement in diagnostic ability
D) growing power of the medical profession
Q3) We mostly abide by the rules and norms imposed on us by our culture because nonconformity is typically punished and conformity rewarded. This social mechanism is referred to as
A) social control.
B) collective conscience.
C) implicit structure.
D) group solidarity.
Q4) Deviance can play a positive role in society.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Class and Global Inequality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a main characteristic of the underclass?
A) chronic unemployment
B) low-wage employment
C) illegal employment
D) working multiple jobs
Q2) What type of country would be characterized by high standards of living and high purchasing power?
A) developed
B) first world
C) post-industrial
D) western
Q3) When, historically, did the sociological analysis of class and inequality begin?
A) the late 1800s and early 1900s
B) the first three decades of the 1900s
C) the mid-twentieth century
D) the early 1800s
Q4) Individuals who share similar lifestyles have the same individual mobility.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Race and Ethnicity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why is Switzerland considered a pluralistic society?
A) Though it has multiple cultures, they all enjoy equal social standing and coexist on equal terms.
B) It has only one homogeneous culture, dating back many centuries.
C) Its relative isolation, thanks to the mountains that surround it, means it has not experienced an influx of people from other cultures.
D) Its location in the center of western Europe has made it a "crossroads" for centuries, resulting in toleration of "outside" cultures.
Q2) Which of the following statements is true regarding intermarriage?
A) Black women are more likely to intermarry than black men.
B) Younger people are more likely to intermarry than older generations.
C) Asian men are more likely to intermarry than Asian women.
D) Immigrants are more likely to intermarry.
Q3) When people are perceived as sharing physical characteristics such as skin color, this is known as a(n)
A) heritage.
B) ethnicity.
C) society.
D) race.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Gender and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT true about sexual harassment?
A) It can be intentional.
B) It is illegal to sexually harass someone.
C) It always involves abuse of power.
D) It is possible to sexually harass someone without realizing it.
Q2) In American society, how many basic sexual identity groups are recognized?
A) two
B) four
C) three
D) five
Q3) Ralyn is attracted to both men and women but only dates men. What is her sexual identity?
A) homosexual
B) heterosexual
C) bisexual
D) asexual
Q4) The sexual identities an individual can have are limited to heterosexual, homosexual, and bisexual.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Family and Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) During which decade was the traditional family idealized?
A) 1930s
B) 1940s
C) 1950s
D) 1960s
Q2) The reallocation of property and wealth when someone dies is known as
A) wealth distribution.
B) generational distribution.
C) an inheritance.
D) descent.
Q3) For sociologists, what is the source of the impact of religion on social life?
A) the way people pass on their religious beliefs to their children
B) the way people interact while within groups of their own faith versus the way they interact with those outside their faith
C) people's belief in the truth of their faith and the ways in which they adjust behavior to reflect that faith
D) people's ability to reconcile their faith, their political beliefs, and their professional lives
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Chapter 13: Education and Work
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following lessons would be an example of the hidden curriculum present within schools?
A) algebraic equations
B) obedience to authority
C) chemistry formulas
D) sociological theories
Q2) What would happen if everyone suddenly had a college degree?
A) Advanced degrees would become less necessary.
B) The value of a college education would skyrocket.
C) All people would have white-collar and professional jobs.
D) The value of a college education would plummet.
Q3) Schools are agents of socialization.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Schools provide students with consistent socialization messages that do not contradict one another.
A)True
B)False
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Media and Consumption
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Q1) A developing nation begins to import more and more films from Western countries because it lacks the resources to produce big-budget blockbuster movies. Eventually, no films are being made locally; everything is coming from abroad. This illustrates
A) cultural hegemony.
B) cultural imperialism.
C) culture clash.
D) cultural production.
Q2) When media companies become vertically or horizontally integrated, their ability to do business is diminished.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is one outcome of worker alienation that researchers have found?
A) They buy more things to cope with dissatisfaction and unhappiness.
B) They buy fewer things because they do not have enough money.
C) They focus more on their interpersonal relationships with coworkers.
D) They decide to change careers and choose those that are less alienating.
Q4) Sociologists believe that the media only influence us as entertainment.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 15: Communities, the Environment, and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Even in the face of overwhelming evidence and a broad consensus by the world scientific community, some influential people still insist on denying climate change and have attracted a considerable following. This example illustrates that
A) the evidence is not conclusive.
B) there is a broad conspiracy.
C) the problem is not significant.
D) all problems are socially constructed.
Q2) When unscrupulous lenders targeted poor and minority home buyers in the run-up to the recent housing bubble, they engaged in the practice of A) discrimination.
B) reverse redlining.
C) ethnic targeting.
D) class warfare.
Q3) Besides agriculture, rural communities have lost their relevance in today's economic environment.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Politics and the Economy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Literally translated, democracy means
A) a system dependent upon parties.
B) rule by the people.
C) rule based upon internal opposition.
D) All these answers are correct.
Q2) Which of the following describes voter turnout in the United States as compared to that in other countries?
A) It is among the lowest in the Western industrialized democracies.
B) It is on par with other Western industrialized democracies.
C) It is among the highest in the Western industrialized democracies.
D) None of these answers is correct.
Q3) In which system does a small group of people possess the power to influence government decision making the most?
A) socialist system
B) free-market capitalist system
C) democratic socialist system
D) mixed economic system
Q4) Profit is the way we measure success or failure in a capitalist system.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Social Change: Globalization, Population, and Social Movements
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Sample Questions
Q1) Even though women today enjoy full equality in the workplace, they still collectively make significantly less money than men. This is evidence that while some beliefs and attitudes change,
A) they do not change fast enough.
B) they are replaced by new ones.
C) other structural patterns persist.
D) things really stay the same.
Q2) By 2088, the world's population is expected to be
A) 5 billion.
B) 7 billion.
C) 9 billion.
D) 11 billion.
Q3) What is the primary factor in rates of population growth?
A) access to birth control
B) level of economic development
C) religious beliefs
D) cultural values
Q4) Western societies account for the vast majority of the world's cultural exports.
A)True
B)False
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