Science and Society
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Science and Society explores the dynamic relationship between scientific developments and the social, cultural, and ethical contexts in which they occur. The course examines how scientific knowledge is produced, validated, and disseminated, and how society both shapes and is shaped by scientific and technological innovation. Students will analyze key historical and contemporary case studies to understand the ways in which science influences public policy, economic progress, and debates on issues such as health, the environment, and communication. Through interdisciplinary approaches, the course encourages critical thinking about the responsibilities of scientists and the role of citizens in a rapidly evolving scientific landscape.
Recommended Textbook Chemistry in Context 9th Edition by Kim Amer
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Chapter 1: Portable Electronics: the Periodic Table in the
Palm of Your Hand
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Q1) What are the three pillars of sustainability?
A)Reduce,reuse,recycle
B)Equitability,justice,quality of life
C)Diversity,efficiency,toxicity
D)Environmental,social,economic
Answer: D
Q2) Which substance is an element?
A)NO<sub>2</sub>
B)NaCl
C)N<sub>2</sub>
D)CH<sub>4</sub>
Answer: C
Q3) In the periodic table,which elements typically have similar properties?
A)Those in the same rows
B)Those related diagonally
C)Those in the same columns
D)Those on opposite sides
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: The Air We Breathe
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Q1) Green chemistry is
A)the study of how to improve the production of oxygen via photosynthesis.
B)any chemistry having an agricultural base.
C)the cause of the higher temperatures and humidity typically found in greenhouses.
D)the design of products and processes that reduce hazardous substances.
Answer: D
Q2) Which correctly pairs an indoor pollutant with its source?
A)Formaldehyde and unvented space heaters
B)O<sub>3</sub> and electrical arcing
C)Radon and glues and solvents
D)Nicotine and paint and paint thinners
Answer: B
Q3) When assessing the risk of an air pollutant,which does not play a role in considering someone's exposure to the pollutant?
A)A person's lung capacity
B)A person's breathing rate
C)The toxicity of the pollutant
D)The concentration in air of the pollutant
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Radiation From the Sun
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Q1) HFCs may be used to replace CFCs.Which compound is a HFC?
A)CH<sub>2</sub>Cl-CCl<sub>2</sub>F
B)CH<sub>2</sub>FCl
C)CF<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>F
D)CHClF<sub>2</sub>
Answer: C
Q2) DNA,the genetic material of living organisms,is damaged by light in the A)visible region of the spectrum.
B)ultraviolet region,especially below a wavelength of 320 nm.
C)ultraviolet region,especially above a wavelength of 340 nm.
D)infrared region of the spectrum.
Answer: B
Q3) Which region of the ultraviolet spectrum is absorbed least by the atmosphere?
A)UV-A
B)UV-B
C)UV-C
D)They are all absorbed approximately equally
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Climate Change
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Q1) Scientists believe they know the average global temperature over the last 160,000 years.Which property of the ice core samples from Antarctica provides this information?
A)The thickness
B)The carbon dioxide concentration
C)The <sup>1</sup>H/<sup>2</sup>H ratio
D)The temperature
Q2) Methane is approximately 23 times more powerful than carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas.Which are significant sources of methane emissions?
i.The digestive systems of ruminants (cows,sheep,etc. )
ii.Automobile exhaust
iii.Rice cultivation
iv.Decaying wetland vegetation
A)i only
B)i and ii only
C)ii only
D)i,iii,and iv only
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Chapter 5: Energy From Combustion
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Q1) The following molecules contain only single bonds. NH<sub>3</sub>(g) + 3F<sub>2</sub>(g) \(\rarr\) NF<sub>3</sub>(g) + 3 HF(g)The bond energies are: N - H 391 kJ/mol;F - F 158 kJ/mol;N - F 272 kJ/mol;H - F 566 kJ/mol.Which is the heat evolved or absorbed per mole of NH<sub>3</sub> that reacts with F<sub>2</sub>?
A)+289 kJ/mol
B)+867 kJ/mol
C)-289kJ/mol
D)-867 kJ/mol
Q2) A calorie is defined as exactly 4.184 J.Therefore 1.000 Cal is exactly
A)41.84 J.
B)418.4 J.
C)1000 J.
D)4184 J.
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Chapter 6: Energy From Alternative Sources
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Q1) In the famous equation E = mc2,the symbols represent
A)E = Einstein,m = matter,c = speed of light.
B)E = energy,m = mass,c = characteristic of the particle.
C)E = Einstein,m = meters,c = conversion.
D)E = energy,m = mass,c = speed of light.
Q2) Waste created at these power plants must be stored indefinitely.
A)Coal-burning plants
B)Nuclear plants
C)Coal-burning and nuclear plants
D)None of these choices are correct
Q3) How is wind energy related to the Sun?
A)It has no relation
B)Wind turbines need solar panels to operate correctly
C)The heat of the Sun drives large-scale movements of air
D)Wind turbines only operate during daylight hours
Q4) Rank the forms of nuclear radiation from highest to lowest mass.
A)Gamma,alpha,beta
B)Beta,gamma,alpha
C)Alpha,gamma,beta
D)Alpha,beta,gamma
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Energy Storage
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Q1) Which of the following automotive energy storage devices would give rise to the fastest acceleration from zero to 60 mph?
A)Li-ion rechargeable batteries
B)Fuel cells
C)NiMH rechargeable batteries
D)Supercapacitors
Q2) Whenever a substance is oxidized,
A)it is called the oxidizing agent.
B)some other substance must be reduced.
C)it gains electrons.
D)hydronium ions are produced.
Q3) How do the interactions that are broken in water when it is boiled compare with those broken when water is electrolyzed?
A)Boiling water breaks intermolecular attractions and electrolysis breaks covalent bonds
B)Boiling water breaks covalent bonds and electrolysis breaks intermolecular attractions
C)Boiling water and electrolysis of water break covalent bonds
D)Boiling water and electrolysis of water break intermolecular forces
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Chapter 8: Water Everywhere: A Most Precious Resource
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Q1) A proton released by an acid in aqueous solution quickly reacts with water to form a hydronium ion.What product is formed when a proton reacts with ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>)?
A)NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>
B)NH<sub>4</sub>
C)NH<sub>2</sub><sup>¯</sup>
D)NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>
Q2) The main reason that water supplies are chlorinated is
A)to produce gels that remove solids from the water.
B)to kill disease-causing organisms in the water.
C)to soften the water.
D)to precipitate lead salts from the water as insoluble lead chloride.
Q3) Bases are substances that increase the hydroxide ion concentration in aqueous solution.Why does ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>),which does not contain a hydroxide group,act as a base?
A)Ammonia acts as a base only in the presence of hydroxide ion-containing compounds
B)Ammonia molecules remove protons from water molecules,forming hydroxide ions
C)Ammonia molecules donate protons to water molecules,forming hydroxide ions
D)Ammonia acts as a base only in the presence of very strong acids
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Chapter 9: The World of Polymers and Plastics
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Q1) The "big six" polymers are all classified as thermoplastics because they
A)are all used as insulators.
B)can be melted and shaped.
C)are all crystalline.
D)are all amorphous.
Q2) Which of these statements are correct for addition polymerization only?
i.Monomer units chemically bond together
ii.Product contains all the atoms of the starting material
iii.There is generally just one monomer
A)i only
B)i and ii
C)ii only
D)i and iii
Q3) Which atoms are present in all proteins?
A)C,H,O,N
B)C,H,O,S
C)C,H,O only
D)C,H,N only
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Chapter 10: Brewing and Chewing
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Q1) Ceviche is cooked using an acid.Which statement describes what happens to the protein when the acid is added?
A)The protein is denatured
B)The protein is oxidized
C)The protein undergoes combustion
D)The protein undergoes fermentation
Q2) Which statement is a correct description of the result of drying fruit?
A)The dried fruit has more sugar per volume than the normal fruit
B)The dried fruit has less sugar per volume than the normal fruit
C)The dried fruit and the normal fruit have the same amount of sugar per volume
D)The dried fruit gains more total sugar than the normal fruit
Q3) Why is water a good solvent for cooking?
A)It is readily available
B)It has the ability to absorb significant amounts of heat before changing phase
C)It has a high boiling point
D)It is necessary for human life
Q4) Pressure cookers at high altitudes have a higher actual pressure inside the cooker than those at sea level.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Nutrition
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Q1) A triglyceride is
A)an ester of a fatty acid and three glycerol molecules.
B)an ester of three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule.
C)a polymer of fatty acids.
D)a polymer of glycerol.
Q2) Comparing peanut oil and chicken fat,what do you observe?
A)Peanut oil has more saturated fat than chicken fat
B)Chicken fat has more linoleic acid than peanut oil
C)Peanut oil has more monounsaturated fatty acids
D)Chicken fat has more total unsaturated fatty acids
Q3) Which butter substitute has the lowest percentage of monounsaturated fats?
A)Benecol
B)Brummel & Brown
C)I Can't Believe It's Not Butter
D)All of these choices have the same percentage
Q4) Which butter substitute has the highest percentage of trans fats?
A)Benecol
B)Brummel & Brown
C)I Can't Believe It's Not Butter
D)All of these choices have the same percentage
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Health Medicine
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Q1) A structure-activity-relationship study
A)considers the relationship of many enzymes based upon both their structure and activity.
B)examines the structure of an enzyme then compares it to its activity with the drug.
C)makes a series of small structural changes to the drug then compares it to its activity with the enzyme.
D)isolates small portions of the protein to examine how their structure relates to their activity.
Q2) Only three of the statements about buffers in the body below are correct.Select the false statement.
A)Organs or cell components will differ in their normal pH
B)Buffers are only necessary in the blood and stomach
C)Weak acids only make good buffers when the pH is near their pKa
D)Strong acids will not make good buffers
Q3) Which functional group contains a nitrogen atom?
A)Alcohol
B)Amine
C)Ester
D)Ether
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Chapter 13: Genes and Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) The distance between base pairs in DNA is 0.34 nm.How many base pairs are there in a chromosome that is 12.0 cm long? (Note: 10<sup>9</sup> nm = 1 m)
A)2.8 * 10<sup>7</sup>
B)3.5 * 10<sup>10</sup>
C)3.5 * 10<sup>8</sup>
D)3.5 * 10<sup>9</sup>
Q2) Select the true statement below.
A)In the United States,genetically engineered crops are still rare
B)Plants are only genetically engineered to resist viruses or insects
C)Insects can evolve resistance to GM varieties in lab environments
D)Farmers typically save GM crop seeds to replant annually
Q3) A ____________ contains all of the ____________ necessary to run a cell and/or organism.
A)genome;genes
B)enzyme;active sites
C)codon;amino acids
D)protein;codons
Q4) DNA must uncoil before replication.
A)True
B)False
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Who Killed Drthompson a Forensic Mystery
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Q1) The unit of permil (also known as per mille) is A)ppm.
B)p.m.
C) .
D)%.
Q2) What is the flash point of a solvent?
A)The minimum temperature at which a vapor will spontaneously ignite
B)When the temperature exceeds the boiling point of the solvent
C)The minimum temperature at which a vapor will spontaneously ignite and when the temperature exceeds the boiling point of the solvent
D)When the vapor pressure of a solvent equals its lower flammability limit (LFL)
Q3) Electrophoresis uses ________________ to separate fragments of DNA.
A)varying pressures
B)filtration
C)an electrical field
D)a magnetic field
Q4) It has been proven that eating or drinking at a crime scene will not comprise evidence.
A)True
B)False
Page 16
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