Reconstruction to the Present Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
This course examines the major political, social, economic, and cultural developments in United States history from the Reconstruction era (post-Civil War) to the present day. Students will explore key topics such as the challenges of Reconstruction, industrialization, the Progressive movement, the World Wars, the Great Depression, the Civil Rights era, and contemporary America. The course emphasizes analysis of primary and secondary sources, fostering a deeper understanding of the forces that have shaped modern American society and its global role.
Recommended Textbook
American Pageant Volume 2 16th Edition by
David M. Kennedy
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20 Chapters
2630 Verified Questions
2630 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865-1877
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Andrew Johnson had been put on Lincoln's ticket as vice president in his second term
A) because Lincoln's first vice president, Hannibal Hamlin, had displayed southern sympathies.
B) to appeal to War Democrats and pro-Union southerners.
C) as a safe choice in case Lincoln died in office.
D) as a poor white who balanced Lincoln's aristocratic background.
E) to appeal to Union soldiers and radical Republicans.
Answer: B
Q2) Johnson was narrowly acquitted on the impeachment charges ultimately because A) Secretary of War Edwin Stanton aided Johnson's defense by spying on congressional prosecutors.
B) radical Republicans recognized that Johnson's successor would be worse.
C) many people favored destabilizing the federal government.
D) sufficient numbers of Republican senators recognized that the impeachment charges were legally dubious and politically charged and voted "not guilty."
E) Johnson promised to reverse his Reconstruction policies and adopt all of the radical Republicans' positions.
Answer: D
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Chapter
2:
Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age, 1869-1896
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147 Verified Questions
147 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Despite his status as a military hero, General Ulysses S. Grant proved to be a weak political leader because he
A) was personally dishonest and corrupt.
B) did not believe in the principles of the Republican party.
C) was incapable of striking the type of political compromises necessary for a successful political leader.
D) had no political experience and was a poor judge of character.
E) lacked political ambition.
Answer: D
Q2) Economic unrest and the repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act led to the rise in the 1890s of the pro-silver political leader
A) Tom Watson.
B) William Jennings Bryan.
C) William McKinley.
D) Thomas Reed.
E) Samuel Gompers.
Answer: B
Q3) Farmers' Alliance
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Industry Comes of Age, 1865-1900
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Railroading in the late nineteenth century provided a significant stimulus to A) agriculture.
B) urbanization.
C) feminism.
D) immigration.
E) industrialization.
Answer: A, B, D, E
Q2) By 1900, American attitudes toward labor began to change as the public came to recognize the right of workers to bargain collectively and strike. Nevertheless,
A) labor unions continued to decline in membership.
B) the American Federation of Labor failed to take advantage of the situation.
C) the vast majority of employers continued to fight organized labor.
D) Congress declared the AFL illegal.
E) workers began to turn to the Socialist party.
Answer: C
Q3) consumer goods
Answer: Answers will vary.
Q4) trust
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Chapter 4: America Moves to the City, 1865-1900
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In what ways was the city a "frontier of opportunity for women"? Name at least two women who seized this opportunity and elaborate on their experiences.
Q2) Edward Bellamy
Q3) The two immigrant ethnic groups who were most harshly treated in the mid to late nineteenth century were the
A) Spanish and Portuguese.
B) Irish and Chinese.
C) Germans and Italians.
D) Japanese and Filipinos.
E) Slavs and Russians.
Q4) The text observes that even though urban Americans were separated by ethnic, racial, and workplace divisions, they also shared much of the same popular forms of culture. How did technology and industry contribute to this standardization in the cultural sphere? Were there losses as well as gains in the decline of popular or local folk culture?
Q5) Thomas Eakins
Q6) George Washington Carver
Q7) Anthony Comstock
Q8) dime novels
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Chapter 5: The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution, 1865-1896
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Coin's Financial School
Q2) Granger Laws
Q3) Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A) Dawes Severalty Act is passed; (B) Oklahoma land rush takes place; (C) Indians are granted full citizenship; and (D) Congress restores the tribal basis of Indian life.
A) A, B, C, D
B) B, A, C, D
C) A, D, B, C
D) D, C, A, B
E) C, B, D, A
Q4) The monetary inflation needed to relieve the social and economic hardships of the late nineteenth century eventually came as a result of
A) the repeal of the Gold Standard Act.
B) McKinley's adoption of the bimetallic standard.
C) an increase in the international gold supply.
D) the United States going off the gold standard.
E) the creation of the Federal Reserve System.
Q5) Jacob S. Coxey
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Chapter 6: Empire and Expansion, 1890-1909
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Cuban insurrectos who wanted to overthrow Spanish rule in Cuba
A) were heavily dependent on American funding for their rebellion.
B) blew up the battleship Maine.
C) were Communist in their ideological outlook.
D) began assassinating Spanish officials.
E) adopted a scorched-earth policy of burning cane fields and sugar mills.
Q2) "yellow peril"
Q3) Was President Theodore Roosevelt's policy toward Japan fundamentally friendly, fundamentally hostile, or somewhere in between? Include in your answer discussion of the Russo-Japanese War mediation, the San Francisco school crisis, the Root-Takahira agreement, and the "Great White Fleet."
Q4) Teller Amendment
Q5) Theodore Roosevelt's aggressive policies, along with the economic and political instability in Central America and the Caribbean, frequently led to
A) growing demands for U.S. economic aid to the region.
B) the intervention of the U.S. marines in the region.
C) radical anti-American movements in Central American countries.
D) the intervention of Britain and Germany in Latin America affairs.
E) the growth of Central American immigration to the United States.
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Chapter 7: Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901-1912
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Supreme Court's rule of reason in antitrust law was handed down in a case involving
A) Northern Securities.
B) United States Steel.
C) General Electric.
D) Armour Meat-Packing.
E) Standard Oil.
Q2) Eighteenth Amendment
Q3) Female progressives often justified their reformist political activities on the basis of
A) the need to assert female power against male oppression.
B) America's need to catch up with more progressive European nations.
C) women's need for more opportunities to work outside the home to support their families.
D) the harsh treatment of working women by employers.
E) their being essentially an extension of women's traditional roles as wives and mothers.
Q4) Bull Moose
Q5) William Jennings Bryan
Q6) John Muir
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Wilsonian Progressivism in Peace and War,
1913-1920
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) It has been said that despite his intentions and idealistic pronouncements, Woodrow Wilson's Latin American and Caribbean policies were just as imperialistic as those of Theodore Roosevelt. Do you agree? Why or why not?
Q2) Which term best characterizes Woodrow Wilson's fundamental approach to American foreign policy?
A) Imperialistic
B) Moralistic
C) Realistic
D) Balance-of-power
E) Isolationist
Q3) President Wilson's position at the Paris Peace Conference was weakened by A) his refusal to attend the conference personally.
B) Republican party victories in the 1918 midterm elections.
C) his lack of popular support among people outside the United States.
D) his failure to appoint a leading Senate Republican to the conference delegation.
E) his paralyzing stroke.
Q4) irreconcilables
Q5) Charles Evans Hughes
Q6) Louis D. Brandeis
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Chapter 9: American Life in the Roaring Twenties
1920 1929
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the 1920s and after, many American immigrant ethnic groups
A) rapidly assimilated into the mainstream of American life.
B) sought to escape urban poverty by migrating to rural areas.
C) lived in neighborhoods with their own churches or synagogues, newspapers, and theaters.
D) maintained a greater loyalty to the old country than to the United States.
E) sought political autonomy and official recognition by the U.S. government.
Q2) In what ways did writers like F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, Langston Hughes, and Theodore Dreiser reflect the prevalent American cultural milieu of the 1920s? In what ways did these authors criticize severely particular prevalent cultural trends in America during the 1920s?
Q3) Willa Cather
Q4) Claude McKay
Q5) Sherwood Anderson
Q6) Fordism
Q7) George H. ("Babe") Ruth
Q8) "Jelly Roll" Morton
Q9) The Man Nobody Knows
Page 11
Q10) Bible Belt
Q11) Ku Klux Klan
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Page 12
Chapter 10: The Politics of Boom and Bust 1920 1932
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In what ways did the Five-Power Naval Treaty, the Kellogg-Briand Pact, the Dawes Plan, and Stimson doctrine each fall short of ensuring American national security and peace and security in Europe and Asia? Do you agree with the suggestion of the text's authors that America's failure to join the League of Nations and its pursuit of a "sentimental," rather than a realist, foreign policy constituted seeking the benefits of peace without incurring the financial, military, diplomatic, and interventionist burdens a great power, such as the United States in the 1920s, should assume in order to preserve peace and security in the world?
Q2) In what ways did Herbert Hoover, in his actions as Secretary of Commerce and as president, combine the values and beliefs of an older, traditional nineteenth-century America with the experience and the outlook of the modern corporate economy? Why was President Hoover's decision to maintain many of his traditional nineteenth-century American values prove to be problematic when the cataclysmic depression had become a national calamity by 1930? How was Hoover's business experience and acumen helpful and/or limiting in his efforts as president to battle the Great Depression?
Q3) Adkins v. Children's Hospital(1923)
Q4) Muscle Shoals Bill
Q5) Harry M. Daugherty
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Chapter 11: The Great Depression and the New Deal
1933 1939
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The text authors conclude that Franklin Roosevelt "was in fact Hamiltonian in his espousal of big government, but Jeffersonian in his concern for the 'forgotten man.' " How did the New Deal specifically reflect this combination of "Hamiltonian means" to achieve "Jeffersonian ends"? What were the successes and failures of this approach?
Q2) In 1935, President Roosevelt set up the Resettlement Administration to
A) help farmers migrate from Oklahoma to California.
B) place unemployed industrial workers in areas where their labor was needed.
C) move Indians from land that could be farmed by victims of the Dust Bowl.
D) find jobs for farmers in industry.
E) help farmers who were victims of the Dust Bowl move to better land.
Q3) The National Recovery Act
A) formally guaranteed labor's right to organize and bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing.
B) outlawed yellow dog contracts.
C) was declared unconstitutional in the Schechter case.
D) was immensely popular throughout the 1930s.
E) provided for maximum hours and minimum wages.
Q4) Liberty League
Q5) parity
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Chapter 12: Franklin D Roosevelt and the Shadow of War
1933 1941
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following nations was not conquered by Hitler's Germany between September 1939 and June 1940?
A) Norway
B) The Netherlands
C) France
D) Poland
E) Finland
Q2) Throughout most of the 1930s, majorities of the American people responded to the aggressive actions of Germany, Italy, and Japan by
A) pressuring President Roosevelt to provide American military aid to the victims of Fascist aggression.
B) giving generous economic and humanitarian help to the victims of Fascist aggression.
C) advocating the U.S. sign a mutual military defense agreement with Great Britain and France.
D) demanding an oil embargo on all warring nations.
E) retreating further into isolationism.
Q3) Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies
Q4) Spanish Civil War
Page 15
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Chapter 13: America in World War II 1941 1945
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) second front
Q2) In terms of defending America's national interests, which do you think was the most critical front in World War II, the European theater or the Pacific? Why?
Q3) "Issei" and "Nissei"
Q4) Once at war, America's first great challenge was to
A) pass a conscription law.
B) maintain public support and patriotism for the war effort.
C) extend aid to the Soviet Union.
D) develop atomic weapons.
E) retool its industry for all-out war production.
Q5) WAVES (Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service)
Q6) The national debt increased most during
A) Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal.
B) Herbert Hoover's administration.
C) World War II.
D) World War I.
E) the 1920s.
Q7) Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC)
Q8) Guadalcanal Island
Q9) Bataan Death March Page 16
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Page 17
Chapter 14: The Cold War Begins 1945-1952
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) President Truman's action upon hearing of the invasion of South Korea illustrated his commitment to a foreign policy of
A) appeasement.
B) liberation.
C) détente.
D) rollback.
E) containment.
Q2) Fair Deal
Q3) The Marshall Plan succeeded in reviving Europe's economy and thwarting the large internal Communist parties in Europe threatening to take over
A) Italy and France.
B) West Germany and Czechoslovakia.
C) Britain and Ireland.
D) Spain and Portugal.
E) France and the Netherlands.
Q4) J. Robert Oppenheimer
Q5) How do you assess Harry S Truman as a political leader? What were his greatest successes in foreign and domestic policy? What were his greatest failures?
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Page 18
Chapter 15: American Zenith 1952-1963
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181 Verified Questions
181 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) President John Kennedy and Attorney General Robert Kennedy began to join hands with the civil rights movement when they
A) sent federal marshals to protect the Freedom Riders.
B) ordered the FBI to remove the wiretap from Martin Luther King, Jr.'s phone.
C) secured passage of the Voting Rights Act.
D) issued executive orders prohibiting all racial discrimination in federal employment.
E) ordered the immediate desegregation of schools.
Q2) Why did the doctrines of flexible response and guerrilla warfare against communist enemies seem so appealing in the early 1960s? How were those ideas implemented in Vietnam? Where were their most serious flaws? What were the available military alternatives to the Kennedy administration in Vietnam during the early 1960s, and why were they not attempted?
Q3) David Riesman
Q4) sit-ins
Q5) Earl Warren
Q6) "massive retaliation"
Q7) Why was Eisenhower generally successful in avoiding American involvement in any large-scale foreign wars?
Page 19
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Chapter 16: The Stormy Sixties 1963-1973
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168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) President Johnson proved to be much more successful than President Kennedy at A) getting his legislation passed by Congress.
B) exciting the ideals and spirit of his fellow citizens.
C) reducing America's overseas commitments.
D) gaining the admiration and support of the media.
E) appealing to America's European Allies.
Q2) The Environmental Protection Agency and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration aroused bitter opposition among many business people because A) they undermined strong efforts that businesses were already making to protect the environment and worker safety.
B) the agencies were financed by new corporate business taxes.
C) most business leaders were hostile to improvements in the environment or safety.
D) they directly involved the federal government in many aspects of business decision making.
E) they operated under laws passed by an antibusiness administration.
Q3) "silent majority"
Q4) Miranda decision/Miranda warnings
Q5) Warren Burger
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Chapter 17: Challenges to the Postwar Order 1973-1980
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) SALT II treaty
Q2) CREEP
Q3) Title IX
Q4) On which of the following issues did most second wave feminists agree?
A) Marriage
B) How much to expect from the government, capitalism, and men
C) Pornography
D) Abortion rights
E) Maternity leaves and special protections for women in the workplace
Q5) During hearings in 1974, the House Judiciary Committee adopted impeachment articles charging President Nixon with
A) accepting bribes.
B) obstruction of the administration of justice.
C) abusing the powers of his office.
D) contempt of Congress.
E) breaking and entering.
Q6) Thurgood Marshall
Q7) Anwar Sadat
Q8) Leonid Brezhnev
Page 21
Q9) Mohammed Reza Pahlevi (Shah of Iran)
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Page 22
Chapter 18: The Resurgence of Conservatism 1980-1992
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first results of Reagan's supply-side economics in 1982 were a(n)
A) sharp recession and rise in unemployment.
B) reduced federal deficit.
C) expansion of international trade.
D) economic boom.
E) wave of new business investment.
Q2) Jerry Falwell
Q3) pro-choice/pro-life
Q4) ____ Kuwait
Q5) "supply-side" economics
Q6) Webster v. Reproductive Health Services
Q7) In response to the collapse of the Soviet Union, President George Bush called for a "new world order" where
A) Russia would join the democratic West in containing communist China.
B) the United States would serve as policeman for the world.
C) the U.N. Security Council would assert sovereignty over the rival nation-states.
D) NATO would guarantee security and peace in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa.
E) democracy would reign supreme and diplomacy would replace weaponry.
Page 23
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Chapter 19: America Confronts the Post-Cold War Era,
1992-2000
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) postmodernism
Q2) Ralph Nader
Q3) In the beginning of the Clinton administration, First Lady Hillary Clinton was heavily criticized for
A) taking too large a role in managing her husband's administration.
B) considering running for office in her own right.
C) not publicly criticizing her husband's sexual affairs.
D) developing an excessively complex health care plan that was quickly dropped by Congress.
E) advocating too strongly for the role of women in the administration.
Q4) The rise of computer corporations like Microsoft and dot.com businesses signaled the advent of
A) industrial technology.
B) the global information age.
C) mass democracy.
D) entrepreneurial capitalism.
E) the speculative stock market.
Q5) Toni Morrison
Q6) Oklahoma City bombing
Q7) Reform party Page 24
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Page 25
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) World Trade Center
Q2) Al Qaeda
Q3) Department of Homeland Security
Q4) The political boost(s) enjoyed by Barack Obama over John McCain during the election of 2008 included
A) an unprecedented war chest of over $70 million in donations to the campaign.
B) a superior performance in televised debates.
C) the widespread hope and enthusiasm of his supporters generated by his campaign and its "Yes we can" slogan.
D) a sudden worldwide economic maelstrom.
E) All of these choices are correct.
Q5) What were the causes of the widening income gap between the wealthy and the poor in America between the late 1960s and 2012? What role, if any, did government economic policies during that period have in exacerbating the income gap? What government policies and programs might have narrowed the gap during that period?
Q6) Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
Q7) USA-Patriot Act
Q8) "axis of evil"
Q9) Colin Powell Page 26
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