Psychopharmacology Pre-Test
Questions
Course Introduction
Psychopharmacology explores the interactions between drugs and the brain, focusing on how various substances influence mood, behavior, cognition, and mental health. The course covers the fundamental principles of drug action, neurotransmitter systems, and the pharmacological treatment of psychiatric disorders. Students will examine the effects of both therapeutic medications and drugs of abuse, considering topics such as drug metabolism, tolerance, dependence, and the ethical implications of psychopharmacological interventions. By integrating neurobiology, psychology, and clinical perspectives, this course provides a comprehensive understanding of the ways in which psychoactive substances affect the human mind and behavior.
Recommended Textbook
Drugs Society and Human Behavior 15th Edition by Carl Hart
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18 Chapters
716 Verified Questions
716 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Drug Use: an Overview
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42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Being willing to fight seems to be an important protective factor against substance use.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) There are some drugs that we should just define as being bad drugs.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The National Survey on Drug Use and Health revealed that,in about 1980, A)cocaine use was just beginning to increase.
B)alcohol use was low and marijuana use was high.
C)rates of using cocaine,alcohol,and marijuana were all about the same as in 2000.
D)rates of using alcohol,marijuana,and other illicit drugs reached their highest points,and all are now lower than in 1980.
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Drug Use As a Social Problem
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term "laissez-faire" refers to the tendency of news media to sensationalize drug problems.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The text lists three concerns that led to the adoption of the first U.S.laws regulating what we now call controlled substances.Which of these was NOT one of the three?
A)high profits for drug sellers
B)toxicity
C)dependence
D)association of drug use with crime
Answer: A
Q3) About how many arrests are made in the U.S.each year for drug-law violations?
A)1,500,000
B)200,000
C)50,000
D)5,000
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Drug Policy
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38 Verified Questions
38 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the early 1900s in the U.S.,fears about opium and cocaine were closely linked to A)large numbers of drug-related deaths.
B)gang-related violence.
C)minority racial groups.
D)public use in saloons and night clubs.
Answer: C
Q2) According to the text,which of following most accurately describes the recent drug laws in Portugal?
A)Possession for personal use of all drugs is decriminalized.
B)Possession for personal use of all drugs will receive stiffer penalties.
C)Possession for personal use of marijuana is decriminalized.
D)Possession for personal use of marijuana will receive stiffer penalties.
Answer: A
Q3) The period between 1890 and 1920 in the U.S.was characterized partly by being a low point in race relations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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5
Chapter 4: The Nervous System
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Natural chemicals in the brain that produce effects similar to those of morphine and other opium-derived drugs are called A)amphetamines.
B)depressants.
C)endorphins.
D)ecstasy.
Q2) Which of these is NOT one of the four important regions found in every neuron?
A)cell body
B)dendrites
C)axon
D)glia
Q3) Weight control,aggression,impulsivity,and psychological depression have all been associated with A)serotonin pathways.
B)endorphins.
C)GABA receptors.
D)the parasympathetic branch.
Q4) The actions of drugs on neurotransmitter systems can be divided into two main types.What are they?
Q5) What are the steps involved in the life cycle of a neurotransmitter?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: The Actions of Drugs
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The potency of a drug is defined in terms of A)the magnitude of the effect it produces.
B)its dependence potential.
C)whether it has a detectible odor.
D)the amount required to produce an effect.
Q2) Caffeine and cocaine are both considered to be stimulant drugs.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Most of our drugs originally came either directly or indirectly from A)South America.
B)plants.
C)petroleum.
D)German chemists.
Q4) If you want to get very high concentrations of cocaine to the brain very rapidly,which route of administration would you probably use?
A)oral
B)subcutaneous
C)topical
D)intravenous
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Chapter 6: Stimulants
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the text,the highly-publicized drug arrests in Tulia,TX were used to illustrate that A)U.S.drug policies may target people of color disproportionately.
B)the media should be used to publicize the extent of the drug problem in local communities.
C)the Drug War has helped to reduce drug consumption in the U.S. D)individuals must have possession of drugs in order to be convicted of a drug crime.
Q2) Studies show that blacks are just as likely as whites to be arrested for violating crack cocaine laws.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Explain the three consequences for the drug scene from the tightening of restrictions on amphetamines in the 1960s and 1970s.
Q4) The structure of the cocaine molecule closely resembles the dopamine molecule.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss why current laws on crack possession have been criticized.Include at least three of these criticisms.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Depressants and Inhalants
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Librium (chlordiazepoxide)and Valium (diazepam)were the first widely sold A)benzodiazepines.
B)barbiturates.
C)methaqualones.
D)sedatives.
Q2) The CNS depressants include various prescription drugs referred to as A)GHBs.
B)sedative-hypnotics. C)entheogens.
D)catecholamines.
Q3) Nitrous oxide ("laughing gas")is a Schedule I controlled substance. A)True
B)False
Q4) Ambien (zolpidem)is a popular benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety. A)True
B)False
Q5) Volatile solvents that act as CNS depressants are found in a wide variety of household products.
A)True
B)False
9
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Chapter 8: Medication for Mental Disorders
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bipolar disorder refers to A)panic attacks.
B)agoraphobia.
C)posttraumatic stress disorder.
D)alternating periods of mania and depression.
Q2) The mood disorders include specific phobia.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Phenothiazines and neuroleptics were terms used to describe the early forms of A)antipsychotics.
B)shock therapy.
C)antidepressants.
D)anticonvulsants.
Q4) version of the American Psychiatric Association's classification system for mental disorders is called the
A)Physician's Desk Reference (PDR).
B)Merck Manual.
C)DSM-IV-TR.
D)Treatment Guide.
Q5) Explain the arguments for and against prescriptive licensing for psychologists.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Alcohol
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Before 1988,several states had minimum drinking ages lower than 21.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The alcohol concentration of most wines is about 40 percent.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The liver enzyme primarily responsible for metabolizing alcohol is
A)acetaldehyde.
B)alcohol dehydrogenase.
C)CYP450.
D)acetic acid.
Q4) "Wailing of cats","out of tune","workmen in my head" all refer to A)alcohol-related delerium tremors.
B)alcohol-related hangover.
C)alcohol-related auditory hallucinations.
D)alcohol-related acute behavioral toxicity.
Q5) Distillation is the process in which yeasts transform sugars into alcohol.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Describe the alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Tobacco
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The major commercial species of tobacco is Nicotiana tobacum.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The biggest health concern for users of smokeless tobacco has been
A)cancer of the mouth,pharynx,and esophagus.
B)high blood pressure.
C)lung cancer.
D)liver disease.
Q3) Tobacco use became popular in European culture because:
A)its pleasant taste and aroma were enticing.
B)it was associated with wealth and status.
C)it was easy to produce and obtain.
D)it was associated with Native American culture.
Q4) Although lung cancer is not common,about _______ percent of all lung cancers occur in smokers.
A)10
B)25
C)40
D)85
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Chapter 11: Caffeine
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most regular brewed teas have about how much caffeine per cup?
A)150-170 mg (more than coffee)
B)40-60 mg (about half the amount in coffee)
C)10-15 mg
D)none
Q2) Green,black,and oolong tea are all prepared from leaves of A)Xanthus theo.
B)Camellia sinensis.
C)different herbs.
D)Coffea robusta.
Q3) The unique xanthine in chocolate is A)hysocine.
B)diphenhydramine.
C)theobromine.
D)methylene chloride.
Q4) Most American coffee comes from China.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the effects that caffeine has on the central nervous system.
Q6) Compare caffeinism and the possible Caffeine-Dependence Syndrome.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Dietary Supplements and Over The Counter Drugs
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39 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The 2006 revised PATRIOT Act required that products containing __________ be kept "behind the counter," and buyers must show identification and sign for their purchase.
A)pseudoephedrine
B)aristolochic acid
C)dextromethorphan
D)taurine
Q2) The FDA panels that review OTC drugs approve ingredients,not the actual products that often contain several ingredients.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The U.S.market for over-the-counter drug products totals about
A)$180 billion.
B)$50 billion.
C)$18 billion.
D)$2 billion.
Q4) Aspirin was initially a brand name for Bayer's acetylsalicylic acid. A)True
B)False
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Q5) Describe the recent history and current status of OTC weight control products.
Chapter 13: Opioids
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The fact that animals with no history of opioid withdrawal will press a lever to self-administer low doses of intravenous morphine or heroin demonstrates the importance of ____________ in developing opioid dependence.
A)withdrawal symptoms
B)positive reinforcement
C)peer pressure
D)tolerance
Q2) "Black tar" is
A)a name given heroin from Mexico that is brown or black in its pure form.
B)a type of street heroin that has been "cut" with powdered charcoal.
C)a synthetic opioid that is twice as potent as pure heroin.
D)an opium extract that is imported from Southeast Asia.
Q3) Describe the most typical pattern of opioid abuse in the early 1900s,in the middle to late 1900s,and in recent times.
Q4) In recent years,heroin use has been a rapidly spreading problem in the U.S.suggesting that it is becoming an epidemic.
A)True
B)False
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Psychedelics
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psilocybe mexicana and Psilocybe cubensis are examples of A)plants containing mescaline.
B)hallucinogenic mushrooms. C)anticholinergics.
D)poisonous fungi.
Q2) A close relative of LSD,d-lysergic acid amide,is found naturally in A)morning glories and Hawaiian baby woodroses. B)peyote cactus.
C)henbane.
D)opium poppies.
Q3) Explain why PCP was thought to be a useful anesthetic and why this use failed to be practical for humans.
Q4) Many terms have been used for hallucinogens.The term entheogen has been used for those drugs thought to create spiritual or religious experiences. A)True B)False
Q5) Deadly nightshade is the common name for bufotenin. A)True B)False
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Chapter 15: Cannabis
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cannabis indica has more psychoactive potency,whereas Cannabis sativa is more associated with A)pain relief. B)bad trips.
C)hemp.
D)making grain alcohol.
Q2) The 70 chemicals that are known to be unique to the cannabis plant are called A)cannabinoids.
B)THIQs.
C)opioids.
D)butyrates.
Q3) The natural substance in the body that has marijuana-like effects is called A)cannabinum. B)ayahuasca.
C)bufotenin.
D)anandamide.
Q4) Cannabis sativa is grown primarily for its psychoactive resins. A)True B)False
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Chapter 16: Performance-Enhancing Drugs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Laboratory studies of endurance on stationary bicycles have found that caffeine
A)can significantly improve work output at doses of 300-500 mg.
B)can double endurance at 80 mg,the amount in a can of Red Bull.
C)does not appear to improve performance.
D)does not work as well as it did in studies of marathon runners.
Q2) One ingredient in dietary supplements was banned by the FDA in 2004 after a Major League Baseball pitcher died from heat stroke after using it.The ingredient was
A)St.John's wort.
B)caffeine.
C)creatine.
D)ephedrine.
Q3) Mariani's Coca Wine,which was sold as "wine for athletes," was an early version of a cola drink containing large amounts of caffeine.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the development and current state of drug testing in Olympic competition.
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18
Chapter 17: Preventing Substance Abuse
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Sample Questions
Q1) Project ALERT and Life Skills Training were included as examples of A)programs that work.
B)values clarification programs.
C)knowledge-attitudes-behavior approaches.
D)ineffective and outdated approaches.
Q2) One of the top programs on SAMHSA's list of effective prevention programs is DARE.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Montana Meth Project,an ad campaign that exaggerates the effects of methamphetamine,has been shown to clearly reduce methamphetamine use.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Drug use and abuse is a relatively recent development in our society. A)True
B)False
Q5) The Social Influence Model was first developed in a prison setting with former heroin users.
A)True B)False
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Possible, and Whats Feasible
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rapid opioid detoxification is based on
A)the use of methadone to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
B)making sure that the user experiences the full discomfort of withdrawal,while providing medical support.
C)anesthetizing users and administering an antagonist,so that withdrawal occurs while they are asleep.
D)switching the user to a shorter-duration opioid.
Q2) Giving the user rewards for drug-free urine samples
A)doesn't work very well.
B)is a form of contingency management.
C)is a common technique in 12-step programs.
D)is based on the "stages of change" model.
Q3) Prevention of withdrawal symptoms using medications would be considered part of the ____________ process.
A)detoxification
B)relapse prevention
C)punishment
D)maintenance
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