Psychology of Aging
Midterm Exam
Course
Introduction
Psychology of Aging explores the psychological processes and changes that occur as individuals grow older. The course examines theories of aging, cognitive and emotional development, memory, personality changes, mental health, and the impact of societal and cultural factors on aging. Students will analyze age-related challenges such as dementia, depression, and social isolation, while also considering positive aspects of aging, resilience, and intervention strategies to promote well-being in later life. The course emphasizes research findings and practical applications in supporting healthy psychological aging.
Recommended Textbook
Development Across the Life Span 8th Edition by Robert S. Feldman
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19 Chapters
2401 Verified Questions
2401 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3985
Page 2
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Lifespan Development
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216 Verified Questions
216 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/80053
Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly explain the differences between the terms "race" and "ethnic group."
Answer: Race is a biological concept,which should be employed to refer to classifications based on physical and structural characteristics of species.In contrast,ethnic group and ethnicity are broader terms,referring to cultural background,nationality,religion,and language.
Q2) Researchers conduct an experiment in which one group is exposed to Treatment A and the other group is exposed to Treatment B.The treatments are the
A)independent variable.
B)dependent variable.
C)control group.
D)treatment group.
Answer: A
Q3) Which of Bronfenbrenner's levels addresses the everyday,immediate environment in which children lead their daily lives?
A)mesosystem
B)exosystem
C)microsystem
D)macrosystem
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Start of Life: Prenatal Development
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194 Verified Questions
194 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The male reproductive cell is called a(n)
A)sperm.
B)ovum.
C)gametes.
D)zygote.
Answer: A
Q2) In the embryonic stage,what is the term for the inner layer that produces the digestive system,liver,pancreas,and respiratory system?
A)ectoderm
B)placenta
C)endoderm
D)mesoderm
Answer: C
Q3) What is the term for a developing child from 8 weeks after conception until birth?
A)embryo
B)baby
C)fetus
D)zygote
Answer: C
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Birth and the Newborn Infant
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174 Verified Questions
174 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Infant mortality has been generally increasing since the 1960s.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which childbirth method involves a form of self-hypnosis during delivery that produces a sense of peace and calm that also reduces pain?
A)hypnobirthing
B)Bradley
C)Lamaze
D)natural
Answer: A
Q3) Which of the following is a side effect of administering anesthetics to the mother during childbirth?
A)the newborn may have decreased physiological responses
B)fast labor
C)a higher level of physiological activity in the newborn
D)increased bonding time with the infant because the mother does not feel any pain
Answer: A
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5
Chapter 4: Physical Development in Infancy
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123 Verified Questions
123 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Breastfeeding an infant for the first 12 months of life is the preferred method by child-care experts for which of the reasons below?
A)Breast milk contains fewer nutrients and prevents childhood obesity.
B)Breast milk offers some immunity to childhood diseases.
C)Breast milk is cheaper than store-bought formula.
D)Breast milk promotes bonding with the mother.
Q2) Waking,eating,sleeping,and elimination are important parts of a baby's A)patterns. B)cycles.
C)training. D)rhythms.
Q3) The "visual cliff" study indicates that most infants in the age range of _________ months cannot be coaxed to cross the "cliff."
A)6 to 14
B)5 to 12
C)12 to 14
D)8 to 14
Q4) Briefly discuss the classic study by developmental psychologists Gibson & Walk and the "visual cliff."
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Chapter 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Eight-month-old baby Lucy picks up a toy in her crib and accidentally hits her crib with the toy,making an interesting noise.She begins to drag the toy back and forth against the sides of the crib's railing,producing another different and interesting sound.This prompts Lucy to continue repeating the action over and over again.Piaget would say that this is an example of
A)Substage 1: Simple reflexes.
B)Substage 2: First habits and primary circular reactions.
C)Substage 3: Secondary circular reactions.
D)Substage 4: Coordination of secondary circular reactions.
Q2) What term refers to the basic sounds of language that can be combined to produce words and sentences?
A)symbols
B)letters
C)alphabet
D)phonemes
Q3) What is term for the lack of memory for experiences that occurred in infancy?
A)memory loss
B)infantile amnesia
C)storage
D)retrieval
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Chapter 6: Social and Personality Development in Infancy
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) At approximately what age does a baby begin to demonstrate social referencing?
A)12 months
B)6 months
C)18 months
D)8 or 9 months
Q2) What part of the brain is activated whenever a child enacts a particular behavior,but also whenever that child simply observes others around him/her who are carrying out the same behavior?
A)neural ganglia
B)cerebral cortex
C)cerebellum
D)mirror neurons
Q3) Which of the following are examples of temperament in babies?
A)how well-attached the baby is to its mother
B)the baby's appetite
C)the quality of the baby's mood
D)the presence of both parents
Q4) Babies across diverse cultures express basic facial expressions.
A)True
B)False
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in the
Preschool Years
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Even after a child is toilet trained during the day,it can take _____ or _____ before children achieve control at night.
A)weeks;months
B)months;years
C)days;weeks
D)hours;days
Q2) When a young child begins to learn how to take turns in conversation,stay on topic,and give appropriate responses such as "please" and "thank you," the child is demonstrating knowledge of A)egocentric speech.
B)pragmatics.
C)social speech.
D)fast mapping.
Q3) What is the term for a memory of particular events from one's own life?
A)picture memory
B)visual memory
C)autobiographical memory
D)biographical memory
Q4) Briefly describe the different varieties of early education.
Q5) Briefly explain the causes of variations in growth during the preschool years.
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Chapter 8: Social and Personality Development in the
Preschool Years
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Five-year-old Benjamin and his younger sister were playing together in the living room,and his sister grabbed at the toy that Benjamin was playing with.He lashed out at his sister and punched her in the arm and took back the toy,making her cry.Benjamin's mother immediately took Benjamin aside and,rather than punishing him,tried to explain how his choice of behavior made his sister cry,and that he needs to learn to share his toys.This is an example of what type of parenting style?
A)authoritative
B)permissive
C)authoritarian
D)uninvolved
Q2) Child abuse is typically a secret crime.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is the best example of functional play?
A)skipping or jumping
B)checkers
C)adding items like cookies to see how many there are
D)playing with Legos to build objects
Q4) Briefly give some reasons why parents physically abuse children.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In almost all developing countries,males and females receive formal education equally.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If a 7-year-old child thinks largely in an egocentric manner,then from Piaget's perspective we would say that the child is in the ________ stage.
A)concrete operational
B)decentering
C)abstract operational
D)preoperational
Q3) Middle-school-age children utilize _____________ when information is fuzzy or incomplete,such as asking for clarifications of information.
A)metacognitive skills
B)metalinguistic awareness
C)pragmatics
D)syntax
Q4) Bilingual students often have greater metalinguistic awareness.
A)True
B)False
11
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Chapter 10: Social and Personality Development in Middle Childhood
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) High-status children tend to do all of the following except
A)form friendships with other high-status children.
B)have a greater number of friends.
C)form cliques of groups that are seen as desirable and exclusive.
D)form friendships with lower class or unpopular children.
Q2) Which of the following best describes the first of the three-stage process of women's morality,as theorized by Carol Gilligan?
A)goodness as self-sacrifice
B)orientation toward individual survival
C)morality of nonviolence
D)moral equivalence established between self and others
Q3) Twelve-year-old Sam believes he is a pretty good soccer player but not as good in chorus.This is an indication of Sam's
A)self-esteem.
B)self-concept.
C)social reality.
D)social comparison.
Q4) Briefly describe criticisms of Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Menstruation is the only change in puberty for females.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A primary sex characteristic in boys is
A)pubic,underarm,and facial hair.
B)deepened voices.
C)spermarche.
D)changes in vocal cord and larynx.
Q3) Data over the past few years indicate that drug use overall,including marijuana use,has declined.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following students is likely to demonstrate the greatest academic achievement?
A)Caucasian American
B)African American
C)Asian American
D)Hispanic American
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Q5) Briefly explain the changes in the brain that contribute to changes in adolescent thinking.
Chapter 12: Social and Personality Development in Adolescence
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to James Marcia's four categories of adolescent identity development,adolescents are "stuck" in one category at a time.
A)True
B)False
Q2) On social,political,and religious issues,parents and adolescents tend to be out of sync with each other.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The influence of one's peers to conform to their behavior and attitudes is called peer pressure.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Children and adolescents who are uniformly disliked are called
A)controversial.
B)popular.
C)rejected.
D)neglected.
Q5) Briefly explain some criticism of Erikson's 8-stage theory of development.
Q6) Briefly describe some reasons for racial "self-segregation" in adolescence.
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Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early
Adulthood
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Combining responses or ideas in novel ways defines A)intelligence.
B)creativity.
C)emotional enhancement.
D)intellectual capacity.
Q2) Traditional intelligence tests,such as those used in psychoeducational evaluations in schools,usually focus on which of Sternberg's aspects of intelligence?
A)contextual intelligence
B)experiential intelligence
C)practical intelligence
D)componential intelligence
Q3) By age ____,illness and disease overtake accidents as the leading cause of death,and,statistically speaking,this is the first time this occurs since infancy.
A)50
B)40
C)25
D)35
Q4) Briefly explain Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence.
Page 15
Q5) Briefly explain some strategies for coping with stress.
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Chapter 14: Social and Personality Development in Early
Adulthood
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Deciding to delay marriage until later in life in part reflects economic and career concerns.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to Robert Sternberg,when two people are happily dating one another but not making future plans,this is called
A)romantic love.
B)fatuous love.
C)companionate love.
D)infatuated love.
Q3) According to John Holland's personality type theory,a person who would have an interest in acting,poetry,or painting would probably be described as A)conventional.
B)enterprising.
C)realistic.
D)artistic.
Q4) Singlehood has not increased significantly in the last decades. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
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133 Verified Questions
133 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are major consequences produced by stress?
A)indirect health-related behaviors
B)decreased blood pressure
C)increased sleep
D)decreased circulating hormones
Q2) The most noticeable sign of the female climacteric is the lowering of testosterone levels.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What percent of women experience severe distress during menopause?
A)10%
B)15%
C)20%
D)25%
Q4) Briefly explain the difference between fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence.
Q5) There has historically been a pattern of gender discrimination by the traditionally male-dominated research community.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Social and Personality Development in Middle
Adulthood
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/80057
Sample Questions
Q1) Approximately how many hours per week does a middle-aged person watch television?
A)15
B)20
C)10
D)25
Q2) Which two developmental psychologists believed that a person's personality is quite stable and continuous throughout one's lifetime?
A)Gould and Levinson
B)Erikson and Levinson
C)Costa and McCrae
D)Vaillant and Helson
Q3) Briefly explain why "midlife crisis" is a myth.
Q4) Which of the following psychologists developed the "seasons of life" theory,where men in their early 40s are in a period of transition and crisis?
A)Erikson
B)Gould
C)Vaillant
D)Levinson
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late
Adulthood
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139 Verified Questions
139 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The majority of old people have no interest in,nor capacity for,sexual relations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following contributes to a person getting osteoporosis?
A)insufficient exercise earlier in life
B)thickening of the bones due to too much protein and calcium intake earlier in life
C)improper posture throughout life
D)increases in estrogen in women following menopause
Q3) Memories that are related to specific life experiences,such as recalling the events of a vacation,are called
A)life memories.
B)episodic memories.
C)semantic memories.
D)visual memories.
Q4) Hearing aids make it difficult for wearers to separate what they want to hear from other sounds,such as background noise.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: Social and Personality Development in Late
Adulthood
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The process by which people concentrate on selected skill areas to compensate for losses in other areas is called
A)selective optimization.
B)activity theory.
C)continuity theory.
D)minimizing theory.
Q2) Which of the following stages of retirement means that retirees engage in a variety of activities,such as travel,that were previously hindered by working full-time?
A)disenchantment
B)reorientation
C)retirement routine
D)honeymoon
Q3) What is an obstacle that the elderly continue to face with regard to working?
A)The elderly don't have the stamina in their jobs that they had when they were younger.
B)The elderly don't always have reliable transportation or a car to drive to their jobs.
C)The elderly continue to face age discrimination.
D)The working elderly lose tax advantages if they continue to work.
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Death and Dying
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) At what age do children develop a concept of death?
A)10
B)12
C)5
D)8
Q2) A facility designed specifically for a dying person is called a hospice.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the most frequent cause of death in middle adulthood?
A)cancer
B)heart attack or stroke
C)gun accident
D)automobile accident
Q4) A person may be resuscitated and suffer little damage if
A)his/her heart has stopped beating and breathing has stopped for 10 minutes.
B)his/her heart has stopped beating and breathing has stopped for 15 minutes.
C)his/her heart has stopped beating and breathing has stopped for 5 minutes.
D)his/her heart has stopped beating and breathing has stopped for 8 minutes.
Q5) Briefly explain three types of death education.
Q6) Briefly explain the consequences of grief and bereavement.
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