Psychological Science
Test Questions
Course Introduction
Psychological Science is an introduction to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, exploring the biological, cognitive, emotional, and social foundations of psychology. The course examines key theories, research methods, and major findings across areas such as learning, perception, memory, development, personality, and abnormal psychology. Emphasis is placed on critical thinking, evidence-based analysis, and the application of psychological concepts to everyday life, preparing students for further study in psychology and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Scientific American Psychology 1st Edition by Deborah Licht
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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychology is defined as the:
A)study of mental processes.
B)scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
C)study of mental disorders and their treatment.
D)science of behavior.
Answer: B
Q2) Positive psychology has its roots in the _____ perspective.
A)cognitive
B)humanistic
C)sociocultural
D)evolutionary
Answer: B
Q3) Dr. Ingram deliberately varied the imageability of items on a list and later measured participants' recall of the items. Dr. Ingram conducted a(n) _____ study.
A)correlational
B)naturalistic
C)experimental
D)observational
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Research Methods
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a split-brain operation:
A)the cerebellum is severed from the brainstem.
B)the limbic system is separated from higher cortical areas.
C)the frontal lobe is severed from the parietal lobe.
D)the right hemisphere is severed from the left hemisphere.
Answer: D
Q2) Wernicke's area is in the right frontal lobe.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Computerized axial tomography (CAT) measures blood flow to the different areas of the brain.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Embryonic stem cells have helped treat Parkinson's disease in humans.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Biology and Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) The eye's clear outer covering is called the lens.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) With her right hand, Carly plays a middle C on her piano. With her left hand, she plays a note to her left on the keyboard. Her left hand plays a higher-frequency note than her right hand.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) In a beginning drawing class, Baxter's instructor suggests that an illusion of depth may be created in a two-dimensional picture by including parallel lines that converge at a vanishing point. Baxter's instructor is making reference to a monocular depth cue known as:
A)texture gradient.
B)linear perspective.
C)relative size.
D)interposition.
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) "A dream is a wish your heart makes": this statement is consistent with the psychoanalytic view of dreams.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Write case studies of three different individuals, each suffering from a different sleep disturbance. Include demographic information where relevant.
Q3) Which is NOT a recommended solution if one has trouble sleeping?
A)Avoid caffeine.
B)Keep the bedroom quiet and dark.
C)Take sleeping pills.
D)Exercise during the day.
Q4) According to the text, neurons in the limbic system are active during dreaming. Think back to the text's discussion of the brain. The limbic system contains the:
A)prefrontal cortex.
B)cerebellum.
C)corpus callosum.
D)amygdala.
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Chapter 5: Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Operant conditioning is associated with _____ and _____.
A)Pavlov; Skinner
B)Pavlov; Watson
C)Thorndike; Skinner
D)Thorndike; Watson
Q2) Marina feels a rush of love and nostalgia at the scent of honeysuckle; the fragrance is similar to that of the perfume her mother wore when Marina was little. The perfume's fragrance is a(n) _____. The scent of honeysuckle elicits a similar response through the process of stimulus ____.
A)CS; discrimination
B)CS; generalization
C)US; discrimination
D)US; generalization
Q3) In one company, associates sell a consumer product over the telephone. For every tenth sale, associates receive a $100 cash bonus. The bonus is delivered on a _____ schedule.
A)fixed-ratio
B)fixed-interval
C)variable-ratio
D)variable-interval
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Chapter 6: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Information may last for _____ seconds in sensory memory, and the capacity of sensory memory is _____.
A)a few; small
B)a few; large
C)about 30; small
D)about 30; large
Q2) Ebbinghaus himself was the only participant in his memory studies.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Junco and Cotten (2012) found a _____ correlation between college students' GPA and the amount of time they spend texting and using Facebook.
A)negative
B)minimal
C)positive
D)perfect
Q4) The encoding specificity principle refers to the effect on memory of the match between learning and retrieval contexts.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Emotional intelligence is positively associated with:
A)academic success.
B)occupational success.
C)both academic and occupational success.
D)neither academic nor occupational success.
Q2) Cognition is the same thing as thinking.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Trial-and-error problem solving is MOST appropriate in low-risk situations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The availability heuristic may lead people to exaggerate the frequency of school shootings.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The IQ of a 6-year-old child with a mental age of 8 is 125.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Outline both theories of multiple intelligences.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Cognition, Language, and Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Of Baumrind's four parenting styles, the authoritarian style is associated with the best developmental outcomes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An individual's _____ is comprised of his or her 23 pairs of chromosomes.
A)DNA
B)genotype
C)dominant gene
D)phenotype
Q3) Ideally, most adults feel that their activities contribute positively to society. That is, they experience a sense of:
A)industry.
B)generativity.
C)integrity.
D)identity.
Q4) Parent-teen conflict rises most sharply during late adolescence.
A)True
B)False
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) The hierarchy of needs theory of motivation was proposed by:
A)William James.
B)Abraham Maslow.
C)Richard Ryan.
D)Paul Ekman.
Q2) Which statement is True?
A)Basic emotions vary across cultures.
B)Most basic emotions are positive.
C)Anger is one of the basic emotions.
D)Basic emotions are learned.
Q3) The instinct approach to motivation is associated with the early psychologist Wilhelm Wundt.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which therapeutic option appears MOST effective for the treatment of eating disorders?
A)counseling or psychotherapy
B)antianxiety or antidepressant drug therapy
C)medical monitoring
D)a combination of counseling, drug therapy, and medical monitoring
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Chapter 10: Sexuality and Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement BEST expresses the relationship between transsexualism and transgenderism?
A)They are the same thing; the terms are interchangeable.
B)A transgender individual is generally also transsexual.
C)They are basically opposites.
D)A transsexual individual is generally also transgender.
Q2) Which phase of the sexual response cycle is correctly described?
A)plateau - a gratifying series of rapid muscular contractions
B)excitement - physical changes start becoming evident
C)orgasm - the body returns to a relaxed state
D)resolution - a short phase in which muscles continue to tense, breathing and heart rate increase, and blood fills in the genitals
Q3) According to the gender similarities hypothesis, researchers are LEAST likely to find gender differences in:
A)personality characteristics.
B)aggression.
C)sexual behavior.
D)motor skills.
Q4) Name and describe one bacterial STI and one viral STI. Include symptomology.
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Chapter 11: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is NOT one of Hans Eysenck's basic personality dimensions?
A)extraversion
B)psychoticism
C)agreeableness
D)neuroticism
Q2) Most psychologists rely on _____ assessments.
A)projective
B)subjective
C)objective
D)both subjective and objective
Q3) In Freud's model of the mind, the _____ acts as a mediator or negotiator.
A)id
B)ego
C)preconscious
D)superego
Q4) An adult who smokes, drinks, and talks excessively may be fixated at the oral stage of psychosexual development.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Stress has little effect on the risk for illnesses involving inflammation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The idea that people use drugs or alcohol to lessen anxiety is called the self-medication hypothesis.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Many forms of _____ emphasize control and awareness of one's breathing.
A)progressive muscle relaxation
B)biofeedback
C)hypnosis
D)meditation
Q4) The pioneering stress theorist _____ proposed the general adaptation syndrome to describe the body's response to stressors.
A)Ray Rosenhan
B)Meyer Friedman
C)Hans Selye
D)Richard Lazarus
Q5) Identify the components of the immune system and explain their roles in preventing illness.
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Chapter 13: Stress and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Schizophrenia is one of the most heavily studied psychological disorders.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Victor's mother is frustrated because she cannot get Victor involved in any activities. Most days he sits in a chair with no expression on his face. Victor's absence of appropriate behavior exemplifies the _____ typical of schizophrenia.
A)psychosis
B)positive symptoms
C)delusional thinking
D)negative symptoms
Q3) Recall the "three Ds" of psychological disorders mentioned in the textbook. The extent to which a behavior falls outside society's standards or rules is referred to as its:
A)distress.
B)dysfunction.
C)deviance.
D)disability.
Q4) Review the evidence supporting a substantial biological contribution to schizophrenia.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) GABA is to serotonin as antidepressant is to antianxiety drug.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Tyrone experiences periods of extreme mania alternating with deep depression. He will probably be treated with an antipsychotic medication.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Atypical antipsychotics reduce schizophrenic symptoms in approximately _____ of patients.
A)25 to 45%
B)45 to 60%
C)60 to 85%
D)85 to 95%
Q4) In _____, legislation began requiring group insurance plans to provide mental health coverage.
A)1998
B)2001
C)2007
D)2010
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Chapter 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a state where same-sex marriage is legal, a bakery refuses to make cakes for same-sex couples. This is BEST seen as an example of:
A)ethnocentrism.
B)discrimination.
C)stereotyping.
D)prejudice.
Q2) Stable thoughts, feelings, and responses toward objects, people, situations, or ideas are called:
A)attitudes.
B)appraisals.
C)schemas.
D)attributions.
Q3) We expect the people we meet to be more or less the same as we are. Social psychologists call this the:
A)fundamental attribution error.
B)just-world hypothesis.
C)self-serving bias.
D)False consensus effect.
Q4) Offer three explanations for why people help others.Provide an example for each.
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