Psychological Science
Question Bank
Course Introduction
Psychological Science explores the empirical study of behavior and mental processes, emphasizing the scientific methods used to understand how individuals think, feel, and act. The course provides an overview of foundational topics including biological bases of behavior, perception, learning, memory, development, emotion, motivation, personality, psychological disorders, and social influences. Emphasis is placed on research design, critical analysis of scientific findings, and the practical applications of psychological principles in everyday life. Through lectures, discussions, and hands-on activities, students develop the skills necessary to evaluate psychological claims and gain insight into the factors that shape human experience.
Recommended Textbook
Scientific American Psychology 1st Edition by Deborah Licht
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15 Chapters
4029 Verified Questions
4029 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Psychology
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284 Verified Questions
284 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr. Estevez prepares a set of questions to ask college students about their drinking behavior and their attitudes toward alcohol. Dr. Estevez is undertaking:
A)a survey.
B)a case study.
C)naturalistic observation.
D)an experiment.
Answer: A
Q2) When a neuropsychologist studies a patient with damage to a small portion of the brain, she is conducting a case study.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The field of psychology is about 80 years old.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Research Methods
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265 Verified Questions
265 Flashcards
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Sample
Questions
Q1) Autopsy studies, case studies, and electrical stimulation work in the 19th and 20th centuries helped lay the foundation for the contemporary understanding of brain structure and function. Select three of the following figures and describe their contributions to our knowledge of the brain: (1) Pierre Broca, (2) Karl Wernicke, (3) Wilder Penfield , or (4) Gustav Fritsch and Edvard Hitzig.
Answer: 11ea4e2a_2dae_45ab_b59b_eb9a65e6a611_TB4665_00
Q2) Automatic, involuntary responses to stimuli are called:
A)conditioned responses.
B)reflexes.
C)action potentials.
D)instincts.
Answer: B
Q3) Which sequence correctly identifies and orders the lobes of the cortex, from anterior to posterior?
A)frontal > temporal and parietal > posterior
B)occipital > temporal and parietal > frontal
C)frontal > occipital > temporal and parietal
D)frontal > temporal and parietal > occipital
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Biology and Behavior
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270 Verified Questions
270 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Collectively, _____ are called the _____ senses.
A)audition and gustation; chemical
B)audition and olfaction; mechanical
C)gustation and olfaction; chemical
D)gustation and audition; mechanical
Answer: C
Q2) Linear perspective refers to the fact that parallel lines appear to converge with increasing distance.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) _____ is the first step in _____.
A)Perception; transduction
B)Sensation; transduction
C)Perception; sensation
D)Transduction; sensation
Answer: D
Q4) Explain how the physical properties of the light reflected by an object contribute to the perception of its color.
Answer: 11ea4e2a_2db4_120c_b59b_d7ce0a3b3f83_TB4665_00
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Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
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274 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ________ in the hypothalamus regulates the body's circadian rhythms.
A)suprachiasmatic nucleus
B)retinal ganglion
C)ventromedial
D)lateral geniculate
Q2) About 1 in _____ Americans gets fewer than 6 hours of sleep on a typical weeknight.
A)8
B)6
C)5
D)4
Q3) Cyndi is experiencing sleep paralysis when she abruptly loses muscle tone and collapses.
A)True
B)False
Q4) There is little evidence that hypnosis induces changes in brain activity.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Why do we sleep? Identify and discuss three theories of sleep. For each theory, name the psychological perspective with which it is most consistent.
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Chapter 5: Consciousness
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269 Verified Questions
269 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which promotion exemplifies the use of a variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement?
A)Every now and then, a café announces a two-for-one deal.
B)A café offers its customers a punch card. Each time a patron purchases a beverage, a hold is punched; when ten holes are punched, the patron receives a free beverage.
C)A café prints "You are a winner" on a random one-twelfth of its coffee lids; patrons receiving such a lid can redeem it for a free beverage.
D)A café offers each patron an early morning two-for-one free-beverage-with-purchase deal from 5 to 6 a.m. on Monday mornings.
Q2) A probation officer is using positive punishment when she fines a client $100 for missing an appointment.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Higher order conditioning involves an association between:
A)a CS and a US.
B)a CS and a new neutral stimulus.
C)two similar USs.
D)a neutral stimulus and a US.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Learning
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268 Verified Questions
268 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Texting while driving increases the likelihood of an accident by a factor of:
A)nearly 2.
B)10.
C)15.
D)more than 20.
Q2) Research has shown that flashbulb memories are often:
A)incomplete.
B)inaccurate.
C)complete and accurate.
D)incomplete and inaccurate.
Q3) In one study, Bowman et al. (2010) found that college students holding IM conversations while studying a textbook passage:
A)took longer to read the passage.
B)performed more poorly on a test of the material.
C)took longer to read the passage and also performed more poorly on a later test.
D)neither read the passage more slowly, nor performed more poorly on a later test.
Q4) Describe anterograde and retrograde amnesia, as well as Alzheimer's disease. Provide a detailed response.
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Chapter 7: Memory
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270 Verified Questions
270 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Trial-and-error problem solving is MOST appropriate in low-risk situations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Identify and describe three different problem-solving strategies described in the text. Suggest how each strategy might be fruitfully applied in one or more college courses.
Q3) Convergent thinking is useful when there are many potential solutions to a problem.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which word BEST captures the meaning of the term "heuristic," as cognitive psychologists use it?
A)recipe
B)formula
C)strategy
D)program
Q5) A problem's wording or context influences decision making; this is called the representativeness effect.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Cognition, Language, and Intelligence
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279 Verified Questions
279 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Close vision is well developed in a newborn.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The adolescent growth spurt begins at around _____ years of age for girls, and around _____ years of age for boys.
A)9-10; 11-13
B)9-10; 12-16
C)11-13; 11-13
D)11-13; 12-16
Q3) Parents who set strict boundaries and show little warmth reflect a(n) _____ parenting style.
A)authoritative
B)authoritarian
C)permissive
D)uninvolved
Q4) The brain is fully mature by early adolescence.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Identify and describe the levels of moral development in Kohlberg's theory. Provide an example for each level.
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Chapter 9: Human Development
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265 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Distinguish among anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. To what extent are these disorders specific to contemporary Western society?
Q2) The amygdala is the brain structure MOST closely associated with the emotion of fear.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to the Schachter-Singer theory, emotion equals physiological arousal plus a cognitive label.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A research study might expect a _____ correlation between participants' age and the degree of sympathetic nervous activation in response to a threatening stimulus.
A)strong negative
B)weak negative
C)zero
D)strong positive
Q5) Review the biological factors involved in the regulation of hunger.
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Chapter 10: Sexuality and Gender
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263 Verified Questions
263 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cherney's (2008) participants practiced mentally rotating objects while playing computer games. Cherney found that:
A)neither male nor female participants benefited from the practice.
B)only female participants benefited from the practice.
C)female participants benefited more from the practice than did male participants.
D)male participants benefited more from the practice than did female participants.
Q2) Women are more likely than men to experience problems with sexual:
A)desire and pain.
B)desire and arousal.
C)arousal and pain.
D)arousal and orgasm.
Q3) According to the textbook, "gender roles can be acquired through observational learning." This means that gender roles may be acquired through:
A)associating stimuli.
B)watching others.
C)positive reinforcement.
D)habituation and adaptation.
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12
Chapter 11: Personality
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266 Verified Questions
266 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the textbook, the MOST adaptive defense mechanism is _____, whereas the LEAST adaptive is _____.
A)sublimation; displacement
B)sublimation; denial
C)projection; denial
D)denial; sublimation
Q2) The humanistic perspective on personality may be considered a reaction against the _____ perspective.
A)social-cognitive
B)trait
C)biological
D)psychoanalytic
Q3) In Freud's theory, developmental concerns that persist into adulthood and continue to influence personality are called:
A)defense mechanisms.
B)erogenous complexes.
C)fixations.
D)conflicts.
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Chapter 12: Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Individuals who believe they control their own fates display an _____ locus of control.
A)external B)extrinsic
C)internal D)intrinsic
Q2) Cortisol _____ one's response to immediate danger. It _____ immune system functioning when its levels remain high for a prolonged period of time.
A)impairs; impairs B)impairs; improves C)improves; impairs
Q3) T lymphocytes are to the _____ as B lymphocytes are to the _____.
A)bone marrow; thymus
B)thymus; bone marrow
C)bone marrow; thalamus
D)hypothalamus; bone marrow
Q4) The general adaptation syndrome has three stages.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Stress and Health
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264 Verified Questions
264 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) With respect to schizophrenia, diathesis is to stress as _____ is to _____.
A)nature; nurture
B)positive symptoms; negative symptoms
C)nurture; nature
D)negative symptoms; positive symptoms
Q2) "Negative reinforcement contributes to the maintenance of not only phobias but also obsessive-compulsive disorder." This statement BEST reflects a _____ perspective on psychological disorders.
A)medical
B)psychological
C)sociocultural
D)biopsychosocial
Q3) Dissociative _____ is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personalities.
A)identity disorder.
B)fugue
C)trauma disorder
D)amnesia
Q4) Review the evidence supporting a substantial biological contribution to schizophrenia.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) During his weekly therapy sessions, Colin finds it very difficult to talk about childhood memories. He often pauses before mentioning embarrassing moments or simply forgets important details. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:
A)interpretation.
B)transference.
C)resistance.
D)the Oedipus conflict.
Q2) A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca BEST illustrates:
A)systematic desensitization.
B)exposure.
C)aversion therapy.
D)rational-emotive behavior therapy.
Q3) According to the text, couples therapy is MOST helpful for couples who:
A)are on the verge of a divorce or separation.
B)have two or more children.
C)are committed to saving their relationship.
D)have been together less than 10 years.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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262 Verified Questions
262 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The fundamental attribution error involves:
A)becoming more extreme in one's individual opinions following group discussion.
B)performing a complex task more poorly when in the presence of others.
C)underestimating the situational influences on another person's behavior.
D)losing self-restraint in group situations that foster anonymity.
Q2) ______ is to _____ as Asch is to Milgram.
A)Compliance; obedience
B)Obedience; conformity
C)Conformity; compliance
D)Conformity; obedience
Q3) _____ refers to intentional efforts to change people's attitudes or behaviors.
A)Persuasion
B)Compliance
C)Conformity
D)Obedience
Q4) Viewing the world only from the perspective of one's own group is called:
A)ethnocentrism.
B)discrimination.
C)stereotyping.
D)prejudice.
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