Course Introduction
Professional Ethics
Textbook Exam Questions
Professional Ethics examines the fundamental principles, values, and standards that guide ethical decision-making and behavior in various professions. The course explores theoretical frameworks for ethical reasoning, the responsibilities and challenges faced by professionals, and the role of ethical codes and regulations in maintaining public trust. Case studies from fields such as medicine, law, business, and engineering are analyzed to understand the complexities of ethical dilemmas and to develop practical strategies for resolving conflicts. Students will learn to identify ethical issues, assess situations critically, and apply ethical principles to promote integrity and accountability in their professional lives.
Recommended Textbook
Moral Issues in Business 13th Edition by
William H. Shaw
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11 Chapters
701 Verified Questions
701 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Nature of Morality
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Business ethics is the study of what constitutes right and wrong, or good and bad, human conduct in a business context.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) For philosophers, the important question is not how we come to have the particular moral principles we have, but whether we can justify them.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) According to divine command theory, if something is wrong, then the only reason it is wrong is that God commands us not to do it.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) An argument is valid only if all its premises are true.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Normative Theories of Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Adam Smith made the point that individual pursuit of self-interest (egoistic conduct), even when subject to rules and constraints, always undermines the utilitarian goal of producing the most good for all.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) According to act utilitarianism, an action is morally right if and only if
A) it makes the person who does it happy.
B) everyone prefers that action to any other action.
C) it maximizes total, net happiness.
D) it brings only happiness and causes no pain.
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following represents a utilitarian belief?
A) We must always support what most people want, i.e., by majority rule.
B) We should bring about the most happiness for everyone affected by our actions.
C) We should concern ourselves only with the immediate results of our actions.
D) We must always disregard our own happiness when deciding what to do.
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Justice and Economic Distribution
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Robert Nozick, property rights exist prior to any social arrangements and are morally antecedent to any legislative decisions that a society might make.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Libertarians would find it immoral and unjust to coerce people to give food or money to the starving.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) What utilitarian identifies as rights are really
A) creative alternatives.
B) positive rationalizations.
C) certain moral rules.
D) ethical violations.
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: The Nature of Capitalism
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the five different historical forms of capitalism?
Q2) How can you justify the role of "sweatshops" after reading the article, "In Defense of International Sweatshops."? Defend your position with facts.
Q3) According to John Stuart Mill, what makes capitalism a desirable economic system is the type of worker-capitalist relationship inherent in capitalism.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain how the tenets of Buddha fit or differ with the American economic system.
Q5) What reason is there for thinking that American manufacturing is declining?
Q6) Is manufacturing vital to the success and well being of America? Justify your answer
Q7) Explain the correlation between job security and work ethic now and in the past.
Q8) Evidence for the idea that American manufacturing is declining is
A) the fact that government now employs more people than manufacturing.
B) a reluctance to outsource.
C) fewer "hollow" corporations.
D) a shrinking trade deficit.
Q9) What are the four features of capitalism?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Corporations
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Melvin Anshen, the case for a broad view of corporate responsibility can be defended on the basis of there always being a kind of social contract existing between business and society.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The debate over corporate moral agency hinges on which question?
A) Corporate decision
B) Corporate punishment
C) Individual responsibility
D) Corporate fit
Q3) The idea that corporations will impose their values on us supports one of the arguments for the narrow view of corporate social responsibility.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the problem of "vanishing individual responsibility"?
Q5) Does a company like Levi Strauss have an obligation to keep an plant open in the United States if it can be more profitable going to a foreign country? Share your reasoning.??If you were the owner of a company, would your perspective be any different?
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Chapter 6: Consumers
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Sample Questions
Q1) The doctrine of caveat emptor means that the law may be justifiably used to restrict the freedom of individuals for their own good.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Due care is the idea that consumers and sellers do not meet as equals and that the consumer's interests are particularly vulnerable to being harmed by the manufacturer, who has knowledge and expertise the consumer does not have.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Statistics indicate that the faith consumers place in manufacturers is often misplaced.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Critics of advertising contend that
A) advertising rarely gives consumers much useful information.
B) brand loyalty increases price competition.
C) restrictions on advertising violate the moral rights of advertisers.
D) advertising can only influence us if we want it to.
Q5) Give an example of manipulative pricing.
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Chapter 7: The Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Three approaches have gained the most attention when it comes to achieving our environmental goals: the use of regulations, incentives, and pricing mechanisms.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The disparity between private industrial costs and public social costs is what economists call an "internality."
A)True
B)False
Q3) What's an "externality"? Give an environmental example of an externality.
Q4) Some environmental regulations (like forbidding the burning of coal in cities) benefit each and every one of us because the air we all breathe is cleaner. If a company ignores the regulation and burns coal, while others obey the regulation, then the company
A) violates our right to a livable environment.
B) is being a free-rider.
C) benefits from externalities.
D) creates an internality.
Q5) Explain a cost-benefit analysis, and how it is relevant to environmental issues.
Q6) What's a "free rider"?
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Chapter 8: The Workplace Basic Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) From the beginning, unions have been driven by an attempt to protect workers from abuses of power at the hands of employers.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In a handful of American cities local ordinances prohibit discrimination against those who are short or overweight.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Of the four types of discharge firing
A) results from an employee's poor performance-that is, from his or her failure to fulfill expectations.
B) for-cause dismissal-the result of employee theft, gross insubordination, release of proprietary information, and so on.
C) usually refers to the temporary unemployment experienced by hourly employees and implies that they are "subject to recall".
D) designates the permanent elimination of a job as a result of workforce reduction, plant closing, or departmental consolidation.
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Chapter 9: The Workplace Todays Challenges
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fatigue and stress is less of a health problem than it used to be.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the Hawthorne Effect?
Q3) As a general rule, the burden is on an organization to establish the legitimacy of infringing on what would normally be considered the personal sphere of the individual.
A)True
B)False
Q4) One problem that OSHA will have to address in the future is the increasing number of musculoskeletal disorders.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Granting workers new responsibilities and respect can benefit the entire?organization.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Informed consent implies deliberation and free choice.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Moral Choices Facing Employees
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Sample Questions
Q1) All gifts are bribes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Prudential reasons are those moral reasons that are separate from self-interest.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In determining the morality of giving and receiving gifts in a business situation, which of the following factors is MOST relevant?
A) the purpose of the gift and whether the gift might influence the recipient's judgment.
B) the size of the business giving the gift.
C) amount of cash given as a gift.
D) whether the company receiving the gift is privately held or publicly held.
Q4) In the 1997 case of U.S. v. Hagan, the Supreme Court found that Hagan
A) had been discriminated against because of whistle blowing.
B) was innocent of insider trading.
C) violated the FCPA despite never having gone overseas.
D) had misappropriated confidential information.
Q5) What arguments are given in favor of insider trading? What arguments against it?
Q6) What is whistle-blowing, and what motivates whistle-blowers?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Job Discrimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) Women entering male turf, or minority workers of either sex going into a?predominantly white work environment, can find themselves uncomfortably?being measured by a white male value system.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following statements is accurate?
A) men cannot be victims of sexual harassment
B) the Supreme Court has established a hard and fast line between permissible and impermissible affirmative action plans
C) the law treats sexual harassment as a form of sexual discrimination
D) differences in levels and types of education explain why, on the average, men earn more than women
Q3) Opponents of comparable worth insist which one of these ideas support their position?
A) Most women want a rigid schedule.
B) Most women want the most challenging job.
C) Most women have chosen the higher paying occupations.
D) Most women have freely chosen the lower paying occupations.
Q4) Describe how and why sexual harassment is a determent to the workplace.
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